FRESNOZA, Jefferson C. Design 9 Final Req. (Part 1, 2, 3, Related Appendices)

Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design Fresnoza, Jefferson C. 2009180022

Part 1: Background and Its Problem Chapter I.1

General Overview

Introduction

The National Housing Authority (NHA), which was established in 1938, is the national agency in the Philippines that is mandated to construct houses for low-income Filipinos to address the housing problems in the country. Some of the housing structures the agency builds are Corehousing, Mid-rise Housing and Community-based Housing. It is the agency‘s mission to provide decent, adequate, and affordable housing, with the necessary utilities, to poor Filipino families in order to secure their access to basic social services and economic opportunities. The Housing London: A Mid-rise Solution (2014) explains that providing solutions to end homelessness is a great leap in recognizing structural societal problems that bring about poverty. Thus, the construction of mid-rise resettlements is designed to address the housing dilemma not only in England, but also to the other parts of the world such as the Philippines. In general, the resettlement project provides permanent residence for the poor citizen of these nations.

Background of the study

The Mid-rise Housing Program is implemented by the NHA u nder the Republic Act 7835 (RA 7835) or the Comprehensive and Integrated Shelter Financing Act of 1994. In essence, this legislation mandated the NHA to provide low-income Filipino families decent, affordable and sustainable housing infrastructures. As the years have gone by after the turnover of the structures to the respective beneficiaries, the condition of these facilities has deteriorated. A common example of the worsening status of public housing ho using programs is the low-cost resettlement in Camarin, Caloocan City. Aside from the declining over-all building aesthetic, the human population residing within and adjacent the area is disproportionate to the allotted space for human activities. Apparently, the structure was not constructed to be sustainable and appropriate for tropical environment.

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Statement of the Problem

The deterioration of the existing mid-rise, low-cost resettlement in Camarin, Caloocan City is greatly evident today. Its over-all building aesthetics is declining due to the disproportionate large number of residence over the allotted space for human activities. The fundamental architectural challenge of the resettlement area is to rehabilitate the standing midrise resettlement to be suitable for the growing resident population in the area. The rehabilitation project includes the construction of multi-purpose facilities inside the community in order to divert residents‘ lifestyles. These multi-purpose facilities may also be venues for livelihood programs for

the residents to provide additional income. Also included in the rehabilitation efforts is the regular maintenance of the resettlement structure.

Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies

This study will be conducted to design a sustainable medium-rise, low-cost housing for the informal settlers in Camarin, Caloocan City. Specifically, this study aims:



To review the existing medium-rise buildings, located in Tala, Caloocan City,

intended for resettlements by the National Housing Authority (NHA); 

To examine the biophysical features (topography, rainfall, vegetation, soil, etc.)

of the proposed site; and, 

To design a sustainable, tropical approach for the construction of mid-rise

resettlement building. Significance of the Study

The study on rehabilitating the mid-rise resettlement project in Camarin, Caloocan City addresses the need to maintain government resettlement projects and provide additional amenities for the residents. This study shall also provide information for students and researchers conducting academic inquiries on the topics of public resettlement and tropical architectural designs.

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Scope and Limitations

This study will focus on the design of Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design. 

It will also include the study of space requirements for mid-rise housing housing in our

country so that it will be easily determined that there is a transformational relationship on every housing type. 

The structure content will be limited to local and international mid-rise

resettlements. Moreover, it will also include contemporary resettlements to modern resettlements. 

The study will be limited only on the user‘s field of interest and innovative

designs of space.

Assumptions

The primary assumption the student stands in this study on mid-rise resettlement in the Philippines is that architectural design alone cannot provide solutions to the various socioeconomic problems, especially the disparate proportion of residence population to the depreciating condition of the area, in the proposed site of Camarin, Caloocan City. The proposed mid-rise resettlement housing plan by the student shall only address the current architectural problems of the site: deterioration and unsustainability of the resettlement structures. The proposal will help students and individuals who are conducting academic researches because the proponent will design the tropical vertical building as a place where people living inside the structure can uplift the socio-economic aspects aspects of their lives. The target users of this study study will be the residents living along inlet canals ( estero ), ), railways and streets. It is assumed that the proposal will be effective in the present period today due to the use of modern methodologies in the design approach. The potentiality of this proposal will serve as a improved model of the site; thus, the site will be pleasing for the residents. On the other hand, designing a resettlement housing structure is very distinctive. This is different from other housing projects wherein cost is only the main target. On this proposal, housing, sustainability and social problem is the main concern.

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Conceptual Framework

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Through the gathered concepts and ideas derived from various a uthorities, the researcher came up with the following formulation to be adapted in the current thesis problem. We cannot ignore the perennial problems and convenience that attend life in the tropics. Sweltering summer heat, typhoons and resulting floods, power disruptions and water shortage create discomfort for the users. These factors must all be considered in architecture to adapt in what the condition of the place we are in to. A satellite design by Sigmund‘s book of Landscape Architecture is the appropriate design concept for the site development wherein the structure will be in harmony with the site and with each related site areas. ―Organic Architecture‖ by Frank Lloyd Wright expresse expresses that to build forms which are

natural than nature itself it must go with our environment. Architectural forms must be determined in each case by the particular function of the building, its environment, and the t he type of materials employed in the structure. The relationship of each input (independent variable) wherein it undergoes certain processes (intervening variable) that could possibly help create an output (dependent variable). An accessible, well planned and functional tropical building design could be achieved by making a selection of the site which meets every consideration of the major conditions; site analysis to identify the type of planning that is suitable for the site development; space programming and analysis of the space required; interpretation and translation of adapted concepts into visual forms according to the aesthetic philosophy, design concept, and principles of composition; structural design analysis of structural design prin ciples adapted; layout and specifications of utility components for the required engineering and utility systems.

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PARADIGM INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

Major considerations given in the Selection Process

The Site

Site Development

Site Development o

o

Necessary and applicable site planning concept

Site analysis Site- structure study Site use program

o

o

Function

Function o

o

Tropical Building Design

Space programming o Space analysis

Required spaces and facilities by authorities Aesthetics

Aesthetics

Theories of space planning, principles and concepts

o

o

Interpretation and translation of adapted concepts into visual forms

Aesthetic philosophy, design concepts, principles of composition

o

FEEDBACK

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Definition of Terms Iconic – Iconic – iconic means ―like a symbol‖. Innovative – Innovative – being or producing something like nothing done or experienced or created. Tropical Architecture A concept or a style that focuses on energy reduction, reduced use of –

chemicals, and supporting local labor and community. Organic Architecture A concept that was a point of convergence on harmony that is among –

human habitation and the natural world. Rehabilitation To To emphasizes retention and repair of the building. –

Acronyms NHA

–

National Housing Authority

HUDCC - Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council MRH

–

Medium Rise Housing

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Chapter I.2

Review of related literature and studies

The process of site planning begins with the gat hering of basic data relating specifically speci fically to the site under consideration and the surrounding areas. The data should include such items as master plans and studies, zoning ordinances base and aerial maps, surveys, topographic data, geological information, the hydrology of the area, types of soils, vegetation, and existing easements (De Chiara, Site Planning Standards).

The idea on this statement is to consider all the aspects around the proposed project, and every detail and characteristic must be studied and analyzed by the proponent to be able to arrive a much more sustainable and suitable for the particular project. The sustainable approach to site planning and design goes beyond combining and comparing site inventories. A sustainable process attempts to determine the relationships between site factors and how these factors will adapt to change (Planning and Urban Design Standards by John Wiley and Sons, Inc.).

The main thought in this account is appropriate to this study in terms of analyzing the site for the proposed project. There are the t he features that must be measured and be b e analyzed to provide the necessary requirements to make the project capable for development. These matters about investigating the whole thing about the proposed site with due process to come up with a master development plan that suite with the condition of the site A building should be designed to accommodate the most diverse functions. The four functions are: living, communication, work, recreation (Herman Hertzberger).

The mixture of function creates a social basis that contrasts with the separation of functions. The structure must function as if everything a man needs is found in there. This gives the researcher an idea to create something that the occupants will be comfortable with. The structures must be functional, efficient, and easily maintainable. The design should encourage visitors to move above the buildings, grounds and tr ails in an efficient manner and that it is, as

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Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design Fresnoza, Jefferson C. 2009180022 well, accessible to handicapped visitors. The building‘s functions are designed to fulfill the goals

and objectives of the structure (IOWA Association of Naturalists, 1990). The passive or bio-climate approach means designing systems so that various potentials found in our immediate environment are utilized creatively to provide a desired level of sustainable qualities within the built space ( Idea, Idea, Form, and Architecture: Design Principles in Contemporary Architecture by EgonSchirmbeck).

This statement focuses on the passive design approach such as day lighting, passive heating, shading, ventilation cooling, water spraying/evaporation and composting. In this design approach, the proponent will have an idea on how to endeavor a tropical building that can sustain, easily maintain, cost efficient and can improve through time. We are living in a tropical country and is experiencing two seasons the wet and the dry season. Building design speaks of the climate where-in it its located because building design is essential to the persons who occupy the space for this could help minimize the problems brought by climate. 

Ingenious fusion of materials and minimal use of technology is appropriate concept for the building structure.



The aesthetic philosophy is that architecture cannot be divorced with nature.

The locally available product and recycled materials should be used. The use of bamboo, nipa, stones and etc. are recommended. r ecommended. (Mary Jane R. Cabarles, 2009)

This statement by Cabarles contributes to the thought of the researcher that climate can influence the aesthetics of the structure. The materials to be used in the structure must be capable of handling the forces of nature. It is a matter of being practical that it would cost less in terms of the maintenance of the structure.

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Technologies and Techniques for Tropical Design Tropical architecture focuses on designing structures that can adapt to the usual hot and wet weather systems in a tropical environment by reducing the energy consumption. This specialized design field evaluates the biophysical features of the tropical environment in order to plan and design structures using appropriate materials. The Moulmein Rise Residential Building in Singapore, for example, created windows suitable for the tropical rainforest climate of the t he country. The developers used horizontal openings in projecting ledges to allow cool air to come in while keeping the rain out. The Newton Suites, also in Singapore, has r epetitive sun shades used in its façade. The sun screens combined with the protruding balconies provide a separation of the rooms to the sunlight (Hassel and Wong, 2009). A well-designed, building envelope will help save more energy. Aside from that, an effective building envelope must control solar heat gain, provide passive cooling, and adequate shading. Wind speed and pressure is directly proportional to altitude; thus, there is a rapid heatexchange between building envelope and the outside environment. The ideal external wall should act as an environmentally responsive filter. These filters may be applied on the building envelopes as operable openings that will provide view, ventilation, and protection from outside elements (Hong Na and Park, 2009).

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Related Studies / Projects Foreign Studies: Forte Apartment Building

The Forte Building Apartment Building, located in Australia, is the first tallest apartment in the world. This revolutionary design approach of the building can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by more than 1,400 tones more or less its equivalent to 345 cars removed on the road. It is a five-star green building. It was w as equipped with LED lighting in home h ome displays linked to smart meters and rainwater reuse. The use of timber in construction phase is more efficient and environmentally friendly. The engineered Cross-laminated Timber (CLT) is widely used in Europe in many years because of its sustainability and lower environmental footprint features. A building material that has been around for centuries, timber, enables the permanent capture of carbon so buildings become essentially ‗carbon si nks‘.

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Newton Suites

The Newton Suites of Singapore Singa pore was design by WOHA in 2003 and completed in 2007. This high-end green apartment building in Singapore was designed to sustain itself economically. The facilities such as the social terrace, the landscaped deck and gymnasium have unique designs. The site is economically used, with the tower set to one side. The recreation deck – the facilities of which include a social terrace, sauna, steam room and gymnasium complex, all well located on the far side of the pools – covers over the above-ground parking, with vine-covered screen enclosures that reduce negative by-products from t he cars. The roof and walls of the t he gymnasium match the chequered arrangement of painted panels – a subtle combination of beige and various shades of grey – that covers all planar surfaces of the tower, thus uniting the two buildings and providing a hard-edged counterpoint to the softness of the surrounding water and vegetation.

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The Park Apartment

The Park Apartment in Jaipur, Northern India

The twenty two-acre residential Park Apartment in Northern India has a scenic lawn to boast. The structures was developed by the New York-based architectural design company u+a. It includes basement car parks, health club and community retails.

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Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design Fresnoza, Jefferson C. 2009180022 Mile-End Lofts

The Mile-End Loft in Montréal, Canada is a mixed-use structure which includes 42 housing units and two ground-floor commercial spaces. The design responds to the urban context of the area. Distinctive treatment of its corner volume addresses the shift in Parc Avenue‘s axis at this intersection. The upper floor balconies and main commercial entrance are leaning to the south, whereas the structure as a whole stands parallel to the north axis of the avenue, creating a strong urban attraction for the Mile-End neighborhood.

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Chapter I.3

Research Methodology

In conducting this study, specific research and deeper understanding of the problem will solve the design solution. solution. The content of this data will be based on the relevant studies gathered by the proponent.

Research Design

Qualitative Research – Further studies on public resettlements and private mid-rise apartments and tropical architectural design will be extracted from different digital and print sources (books, articles, academic journals, annual reports, etc.). Data Gathering – Relevant studies and materials on the subject matter must be included. Pertinent data from the National Housing Authority (NHA) are also incorporated.

Case Studies:

East Residences

Existing Structure

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Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design Fresnoza, Jefferson C. 2009180022 East Residence is a Mid-rise condominium located at Ortigas avenue. It‘s a modern contemporary

design having a 5 storey walk up condominium with a maximum of 6 units per floor Building issues 

Artificial lighting is always needed for corridors caused by inadequate daylight



Low natural ventilation due to limited operable windows in residential spaces



Corridors have insufficient ventilation due to enclosed corridors



Lack of open spaces at the higher floors

Katuparan Ville / Mid-rise housing program

Existing Structure

Katuparan village is a housing program of the National Government implemented by the National Housing Authority; the R2 Builders incorporated was the developer of the project in the amount of 218 million pesos.

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Building issues 

Unstable foundations



Illegal extensions of units



Unsafe staircase



Deterioration of the building

National Housing Authority Medium Rise Housing (MRH)

Existing Structure

National Housing Authority Medium Rise Housing ( MRH) is a housing program of the National Government for the informal settlers living in i n the dangerous areas in the country. It consists of 5 storey low-cost Mid-rise buildings within the given site. Building issues 

Units are too small for the occupants



Units have a high amounts of direct solar radiation because of a minimum window openings



The structure are insufficient for the over populated tenements



The structure itself was deteriorating



Buffer zones are not present

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Population and Sampling

The proponent will base its sampling population from the users of mid-rise resettlement building. The primary respondents are the key individuals in the area. People who lived or regularly visit within the site will also be based as a sampling population since the proposal is about the existing mid-rise building.

Research Instrument

The proponent will use references like books coming from different facilities, digital media files, magazines and the World Wide Web. Further observations from the case studies studies are also done by the proponent because the essence of the proposals comes from t he different studies both foreign and local.

An interview will be conducted on the proposed site. The respondents are residents of the area. In the next chapter, the results will be discussed and further explanations provided with analysis about the research development.

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Interview 1:

Nelda Sipe, resident for almost 12 years Resident of Mid-rise housing Building 6a, 5 th floor unit 11

According to Nelda Nelda Sipe, the usual usual problem of their their building is the faulty roofing and the small space of each unit to accommodate members of the extended family. The roofs leak during the wet season. Then during the dry season, the roofs do not help in insulating the high temperature which brings inconvenience to the residents.

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Interview 2:

Mr. Tante and his family resident for almost 4 years Resident of Mid-rise housing 3b, 2nd floor unit 3 and 4

According to Mr. Tante, Tante, home-based liveliho livelihoods ods (like sari-sari stores) stores) provide marginal income to their family. Because of t he small unit space, their windows (facing outside) serve as the façade of their sari-sari store. He added that the first floor units are not all occupied by their residents. These units could be used as small commercial spaces for residents who wish to establish their own backyard businesses.

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Arch. Jovenito Jovenito Ondina National Housing Authority, Principal Architect B

According to Arch. Ondina, designing a resettlement project gives him fulfillment as an architect because he has the opportunity to extend service to his fellow Filipinos. He was asked regarding the applicability of tropical designs in the country, particularly here in Luzon, and he stated that there are many appropriate design schemes suitable for the t he resettlement project. He added that utilizing tropical design principles in resettlement projects is currently trending to minimize the future over-all costs of their resettlement units.

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Chapter I.4

Summary of Findings and Analysis

Presentation of Collected Data Need Analysis and Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

The proponent‘s target audience for the mid-rise building in a tropical design approach is the residents of the proposed proposed site. The potential users are for all ages since the proposed structures are open to all. Basically, the buildings have no restrictions for the users. Visual marketability must be considered to magnet potential users and to have a better ambience and improved living experience. The analysis for traffic flow is also relevant since it is part of the potential site consideration. Consistent flow of vehicles is considered considered to maximize exposure exposure of the project and to have a visual demand. It is another way of adding income to the project itself. Another factor to be considered is the justification of the site. The proposal must fit to the natural environment of the potential potenti al site to maximize its usage. The survey will be conducted on the proposed site. Fifty individual respondents will be the tentative population size.

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Question # 1 1. Gaano kadalas kayo naka-stay sa pabahay? (How often do you stay at the home ?)

Question # 2 2. Ilan miyembro kayo sa pamilya? (How many are you in the family?)

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Question # 3 3. Ang laki laki ba ng Unit ninyo e sapat ang at kumportable? (Is the size of your rentable unit sufficient and comfortable?)

Question # 4 4. Ano-ano ang mga kadalasang problema na nai-encounter ninyo sa structure ng pabahay? pabahay? (What are the common problems the neighborhood encounters with the structure?)

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Question # 5 5. Kung magkakaraoon magkakaraoon pa ng isang malaking espasyo sa pabahay, ano ang gusto ninyong itayo sa nasabing espasyo na mapapakinabanangan ng mga naninirahan sa gusali ? (If a wide vacant space is provided in the building, buil ding, what do you think t hink would be the most appropriate function of the said vacant space?)

Question # 6 6. Naiangat ba ng pagtira sa pabahay ang estado niyo sa buhay? (Did residing in the resettlement building uplift the socio-economic status of your lives?)

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Question # 7 7. Nais niyo bang madagdagan pa ng isa o higit pang palapag ang inyong gusali? (Are you in favor of adding new floors to your current building residence?)

Question # 8 8. May mga nais po ba kayong baguhin sa kasalukuyang disenyo ng pabahay? (Are there any design recommendations/revisions that you want to share regarding your present resettlement building?)

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Question # 9 9. Alin po sa dalawa ang nais niyong maging disenyo ng inyong pabahay: tropical building design o ang lumang disenyo? (Which of the two designs you prefer more: tropical building design or the current building design?)

Question # 10 10. Nais niyo bang magkaroon ng isang mid-rise resettlement housing - tropical building design na pabahay dito sa Pilipinas? (Do you prefer to have mid-rise resettlement housing - tropical building design here in the Philippines?)

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Chapter I.5

Conclusions and Recommendations Recommendations

The research design used is a qualitative research.

The problems stated will be

answered based on the results provided in the study, it should be practical and there must be a need to do do the proposal. The target users of the proposal are the tenants of the resettlement building and local residents adjacent the site because their lifestyles are also inclined with the structure.

Target users include all the tenants — —children, families, elders. The mid-rise

resettlement housing - tropical building design will fulfill the target users‘ preferences. Socioeconomic

status

and

living

experience

of

the

residents

will

be

improved.

The recommended research approach for the proposal must be modern and innovative. The building design must have enough aesthetics that will serve as a landmark for the potential site. The activities inside the building must be also modern in such a way that the lifestyle in this generation is more on fast-paced activities. By means of technology, this will be done easily for the users and also for the proponent itself. The tropical design of the proposal must also serve as a way of communicating for the users who will benefit a lot especially the residents of the resettlement building.

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Part II. Research Focus Tropical Design Spaces through Building Technology Introduction

The overall design of the project has a new approach in terms of its spaces to promote pro mote the Tropical Design part of the proposal. Basically, the proposal has its uniqueness of spaces especially in the typical design of Mid-rise building, relating user‘s activity in tropical design inside the space. Tropical Design Equipments



Vertical Farming

-

It‘s a sustainable design approach its typically apply to the high rise structures. It‘s a space wherein the user‘s can plant their and developed their vegetations

and can sustain and assist their socio-economic problems.

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

Building Envelope

-

Building envelope must be able to contribute to the building‘s energy efficiency

-

Control direct solar heat gain through shading devices

-

Provide shading while also providing view of the outside

-

Building envelope should help bring in wind and regulate the airflow especially at

-

higher altitudes

Ramp System

The overall design of the proposal mainly consists o f ramps which is a very strong concept for the circulation of users and activity activity inside the building. Ramp system maximizes maximizes the spaces throughout the structure and lessens the need of elevators inside the building. Since it is a long span passageway and it doesn‘t conflict any enclosed areas.

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Chapter II.1

Rationale

The objective of this research is to study design a sustainable medium-rise, low-cost housing for the informal settlers in Camarin, Caloocan City. The focus of the study is building technology of the proposed medium-rise resettlement housing. The proponent aims to change the user‘s activity inside the mid-rise resettlement. Normally resettlement buildings seems to appear abandoned, but when the technology arises, it may somehow change the seemingly lifestyle of residents when they are inside the space. The design of every space should be based upon the anthropometrics because people always come and go on each space and they shoul d‘ve feel the adaptation in a tropical environment while staying inside.

Chapter II.2

Principles and Relevance to the Project

The research focus is relevant because it is the primary backbone of the proposal. Being a tropical design mid-rise housing in terms of building technology, it adds appeal to the space and can uplift the living experience experience of the users of the building. The main principle is to change the face of the typical resettlement building.

Chapter III.2 III.2 Application to the Project

The effectiveness of the proposal will promote the resettlement housing in the Philippines.

Mid-rise housing concepts today differ from the typical medium-rise buildings.

Modern and tropical concept of the mid-rise housing give additional appeal for the users and since their activity will become different from the others that they usually do inside the resettlement building. The orientation of the overall design should also be considered in order to maximize potential of the various tropical design elements (wind direction, sunlight path, soil stability etc).

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Mid-rise Resettlement Housing: Tropical Building Design Fresnoza, Jefferson C. 2009180022 Part III: The Site Identification Identification and Analysis

A suitable space is needed for this thi s project type. Selecting a site for a proposal is one of the critical stages in formulating the project. To determine the appropriate location of the project site, the residents‘ socio-economic attributes must be addressed. Apart from this, the biophysical

aspects of the proposed site should also be weighed in. These biophysical aspects are as follows: water supply, topography, soil type, adequate zoning area, drainage, land rights, land ownership, orientation, site area, aesthetic value of the site and technical description. In the economic part of the project, the site criteria mainly focus on providing additional income to the locals.

This research study includes the compatibility of the proposal to the site and its surroundings. The site site criteria should should consider the following: 

The site should be accessible on the major roads surrounding on it.



The site should cater all potential users especially the residents.



The site should be marketable to all target users.



The site should be given more importance in terms of infrastructure redevelopment



The site should be open for development.

Site Option Description

In this proposal, there were three site options that are suitable in developing the project. Quezon City, Caloocan City and the City of Manila are the potential sites since these areas have huge resident population.

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Site Selection and Justification

Among all the three potential sites mentioned, the chosen site is in Camarin, Caloocan City. It caters all the characteristics in the site criteria selection. It has an appropriate standard of living where in users/residents will benefit the most. The main goal of the project is to achieve its sustainability, marketability and feasibility within the chosen site. It is also accessible to Zabarte Road, one of the connecting roads in Caloocan City.

Chapter III.2 III.2 Site Evaluation Evaluation and Analysis The Macro Setting

Map of the Philippines

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National Capital Region Map

Caloocan City Map

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Road Map

Site Location (Macro)

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The Micro Setting The site is located near Zabarte Road in Camarin, Caloocan City. The road in Franville Subdivision is also a major access point to the site. The site is surrounded by residential lots. The northern part of the site faces the Palmera Subdivision. The eastern part of the site faces an empty lot owned by the government. This vacant lot is planned to have row house subdivisions. The southern and western parts of the site face residential establishments.

Site location (Micro)

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Transfer Certificate of Title: Page 1

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Transfer Certificate of Title: Page 2

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Location plan of National Housing Authority

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Chapter III.3 Site Development Development Options Site Analysis

Sun path Diagram

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Site Analysis

The analysis used for the site is essential in the efficiency of the design for the Proposed project. The analyses for this proposal are the following:

Sun Path

The sun moves from east to west with varying heights and intensity. As shown in the figure below, the highest temperature is represented by red and the lowest temperature is represented by blue. The hottest time of the day is from 12 PM to 3 PM.

Prevailing Winds

The prevailing winds for the site is based on the detailed data given by the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). (PAGASA). The data shows the directions of the wind for the year 2012. As shown in the figure, the prevailing winds are coming from the north, west, east, south east, and south west directions.

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Proposed Site Development Plan

Preliminary Site Development Plan

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Appendices

Appendix A Survey:

Sample Questionnaire

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FRESNOZA, Jefferson C. Design 9 Final Req. (Part 1, 2, 3, Related Appendices)

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