BASIC COMPUTER SKILLS LAB MANUAL AS PER OBE SYLLABUS FOR 1ST SEM DIPLOMA IN CS & OTHER ALLIED BRANCHES. COURSE CODE:15CS11P BY SHABNAM S JAHAGIRDAR BE(CSE), MTECH(CSE) LECTURER(CSE), GOVT OF KA...Full description
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Basic Web Design lab Manual Developed as per 2015 OBE Scheme for the students of II nd Sem Diploma in Computer Science Branch
By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, B.E(CS),MTECH(CS),Lecturer(CS),GPT HUBLI.
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
1. Introduction to HTML: Web site, Web Page, Types of Web Pages, Browsers and their types, Client – Server Server Model, Web – Server, Server, Working of different types of Web Pages, General structure of a Web Page, Scripting languages, URL, Popular Search Engines, WWW.
HTML Introduction: HTML is a markup language for describing web documents (web pages).
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
HTML documents are described by HTML tags
Each HTML tag describes different document content
Web site: A website, also written as web site, or simply site, is a set of related web related web pages typically served from a single web domain. domain. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet the Internet or a private local private local area network through an Internet address known as a uniform a uniform resource locator (URL).
Web Page: A web page (or webpage) is a web a web document that is suitable for the World the World Wide Web and the web the web browser.
Types of Web Pages: Static Web-Page A static web page (sometimes called a flat page/stationary page) is a web page that is delivered to the user exactly as stored, in contrast to dynamic web pages which are generated by a web application.
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Figure 1 a. Static Web-Page delivered to user as stored
Dynamic Web-Page: A server-side dynamic web page is a a web page whose construction is controlled by an application server processing server processing server-side scripts. In server-side scripting, parameters scripting, parameters determine how the assembly of every new web page proceeds, including the setting up of more client-side processing.
Figure 1 b. Dynamic Web-Page Web-Page
Browsers and their types: The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, IE, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document.
Client – Server Server Model: The client – server model of computing is a distributed a distributed application structure that partitions – server tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, called servers, and service requesters, called clients called clients..[1] Often clients and servers communicate over a computer a computer network on separate hardware, but both client and server may reside in the same system. A server host runs one or more server programs which share their resources with clients. A client does not share sha re any of its resources, but requests a server's content or service function. Clients therefore initiate communication sessions with servers which await incoming requests. 3
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Figure 1 c. Client-Server Model.
Web – Server Server:
A web server is an information technology that processes requests via HTTP, the basic
network protocol used to distribute information on the World Wide Web. The term can refer either to the entire computer system, an appliance, or specifically to the software that accepts and supervises the HTTP requests.
General structure of a Web Page: Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Scripting languages: A scripting language or script language is a programming language that supports scripts, programs written for a special run-time environment that can interpret (rather than compile) and automate the execution of tasks that could alternatively be executed one-byone by a human operator. Eg: JavaScript, Python, Perl, PHP etc
URL: URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator and is a reference (an address) to a resource on the Internet. A URL has two main components: Protocol identifier: For the URL http://example.com, the protocol identifier is http. Resource name: For the URLhttp://example.com, the resource name is example.com.
Popular Search Engines: Google Bing Yahoo search Ask Aol Search Wow Web crawler MyWeb Search Dogpile
WWW: The World Wide Web (www) is an information an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs, by URLs, interlinked interlinked by hypertext by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet. the Internet. It It has become known simply as the Web.
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
UNIT-II Theory: 1. Structure of HTML web page:
The HTML document itself begins with and ends with describes an HTML document. The visible part of the HTML document is between be tween and . The text between and provides information about the document.The HTML element contains meta data. Meta data are not displayed. The text between and provides a title for the document The text between and describes the visible page content The text between
and
describes a heading The text between
and
describes a paragraph HTML comments:
Comments are not displayed by the browser, but they can help document your HTML. You can add comments to your HTML source by using the following syntax: HTML Headings: HTML headings are defined with the
to
tags.
defines the most important heading.
defines the least important heading.
Eg:
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
This is heading 4
This is heading 5
This is heading 6
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Result:
This is heading 1 This is heading 2 This is heading 3
Th i s is heading heading 4 This is heading 5 This is heading 6
tag: The
tag defines a division or a section in an HTML document.The
tag is
used to group block-elements to format them with CSS.The
element is often used as a layout tool, because it can easily be positioned with CSS. tag: The tag inserts a single line break.The tag is an empty tag which means
that it has no end tag. E.g: To break lines in a text, use the br element.
Result: To break lines in a text, use the br element.
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
2. Basic HTML physical character tags: tag: The tag specifies bold text. tag: The tag specifies italic text. tag: The tag is used to underline text. < big> tag: Make text bigger than normal. tag: The tag defines smaller text tag: The tag defines superscript text. Superscript text appears half a character above the normal line, and an d is sometimes rendered in a smaller font. tag: The tag defines subscript text. Subscript text appears half a character below the normal line, and is sometimes rendered in a smaller font. Subscript text can be used for chemical formulas, like H2O tag: The tag defines strikethrough text.
Eg: b tag specifies bold text. i tag specifies italic text. u is used to underline text. < big> Make text bigger than normal. The small tag defines smaller text loga striked text Result: b tag specifies bold text. i tag specifies italic text. u is used to underline text. < big> Make text bigger than normal. The small tag defines smaller text log
a
striked text 8
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
3. Logical character tags: : The tag is a phrase tag. It renders as emphasized text. : Defines important text
h as been deleted from a document. documen t. : The tag defines text that has : The tag defines the title of a work (e.g. a book, a song, a movie, a TV show, a painting, a sculpture, etc.). :defines a piece of code : The tag represents the defining instance of a term in HTML.The defining instance
is often the first use of a term in a document.The nearest parent of the tag must also contain the definition/explanation for the term inside .The term insid e the tag can be any of the following: 1. The content of the element (without a title attribute):
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
Result: HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
2. The title attribute of the tag:
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
3. The title attribute of an tag inside the element:
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
Result: HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages. 9
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
: The tag defines a text that has been inserted into a document. Browsers will
normally strike a line through deleted text and underline inserted text. : The tag is a phrase tag. It defines keyboard input. : Defines sample output from a computer program. Eg: Emphasized text Strong text A piece of computer code Sample output from a computer program Keyboard input replaced blue red Result: Emphasized text Strong text A piece of computer code Sample output from a computer program Keyboard input red
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
4. Other HTML tags:
tag:
The
tag defines a paragraph. pa ragraph. Browsers automatically add some space (margin) before and after each
element. The align attribute specifies the alignment of the text within a paragraph. Attribute Values:
Value
Description
Left
Left-align text
Right
Right-align text
Center
Center-align text
Justify
Stretches the lines so that each line has equal width (like in newspapers and magazines) E.g:
By default paragraph is aligned to left without specifying alignment.
This is center aligned paragraph.
This is right aligned paragraph.
This is left aligned paragraph.
This is paragraph with justification.
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Result:
By default paragraph is aligned to left without specifying alignment. This is center aligned paragraph. This is right aligned paragraph. paragraph. This is left aligned paragraph. This is paragraph paragraph with justification. tag:
The tag specifies the font face, font size, and color of text. Optional Attributes
Attribute
Value
Description
color
rgb(x,x,x) #xxxxxx colorname
Specifies the color of text
face
font_family
Specifies the font of text
size
Number
Specifies the size of text
E.g: This is some text! This is some text! This is some text! 12
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Result:
This is some text! This is some text!
This is some text!
tag:
The tag defines an abbreviation. Marking up abbreviations can give useful information to browsers, translation systems and search-engines. E.g: The WHO was founded in 1 948. Result:
The WHO was founded in 1948. tag:
The tag defines an acronym. An acronym must spell out another word. For example: NASA, ASAP, GUI. Marking up acronyms can give useful information to browsers, translation systems and search-engines. E.g: Can I get this ASAP? Result:
Can I get this ASAP? 13
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
tag:
The tag defines the contact information for the author/owner of a document or an article. If the element is inside the element, it represents contact information for the document. If the element is inside an element, it represents contact information for that article. The text in the element usually renders in italic. Most browsers will add a line break before and after the address element. E.g:
Written by Jon Doe. Visit us at: Example.com Box 564, Disneyland USA Result:
Written by Jon by Jon Doe. Doe. Visit us at: Example.com Box 564, Disneyland USA
tag:
The HTML
tag is used for indicating long quotations (i.e. quotations that span multiple lines). It should contain only block-level elements within it, an d not just plain text. E.g:
HTML blockquote Tag
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Browsers generally render blockquote text as indented text. If your quoted text needs to display within a non-quoted paragraph, you should use the HTML q tag. Most browsers surround q text with quotation marks.
Browsers generally render blockquote text as indented text. If your quoted text needs to display within a non-quoted paragraph, you should use the HTML q tag. Most browsers surround q text with quotation marks. Result:
Browsers generally generally render blockquote text as indented text. If your quoted text needs to display within a non-quoted paragraph, you should use the HTML q tag. Most browsers surround surround q text with with quotation marks. marks. Browsers generally render blockquote text as indented text. If your quoted text needs to display within a non-quoted paragraph, you should use the HTML q tag. Most browsers surround q text with quotation marks. tag:
The tag defines a short quotation. Browsers normally insert quotation marks around the quotation. E.g:
WWF's goal is to: Build a future where people live in harmony with nature. We hope they succeed.
Result:
WWF's goal is to: Build a future where people live in harmony with nature. We hope they succeed. “
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”
Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
5. List tags: Unordered HTML Lists
An unordered list starts with the
tag. Each list item starts with the
tag.The list items will be marked with bullets (small black circles): Unordered HTML Lists - The Style Attribute
A style attribute can be added to an unordered list , to define the style of the marker:
Style
Description
list-style-type:disc
The list items will be marked with bullets (default)
list-style-type:circle
The list items will be marked with circles
list-style-type:square
The list items will be marked with squares
list-style-type:none
The list items will not be marked
Ordered HTML Lists
An ordered list starts with the tag. Each list item starts with the
tag.The list items will be marked with numbers: Ordered HTML Lists - The Type Attribute
A type attribute can be added to an ordered list , to define the type of the marker:
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Type
Description
type="1"
The list items will be numbered with numbers (default)
type="A"
The list items will be numbered with uppercase letters
type="a"
The list items will be numbered with lowercase letters
type="I"
The list items will be numbered with uppercase roman numbers
type="i"
The list items will be numbered with lowercase roman numbers
HTML Description Lists
HTML also supports description lists. A description list is a list of terms, with a description of each term. The
tag defines the description list, the
tag defines the term (name), and the
tag describes each term:
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
6. Table tags.
Tables are defined with the
tag.Tables are divided into table rows with the
tag.Table rows are divided into table data with the
tag.A table row can also be divided into table headings with the
tag.If you do not specify a border b order for the table, it will be displayed without borders.A border can be added using the border attribute: HTML Table Headings
Table headings are defined with the
tag. By default, all major browsers display table headings as bold and centered. E.g:
Month
Savings
January
$100
February
$80
Result:
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Table Cells that Span Many Rows: To make a cell span more than one row, use the rowspan attribute. E.g:
Month
Savings
Savings for holiday!
January
$100
$50
February
$80
Result:
Table Cells that Span Many Columns: To make a cell span more than one column, use the colspan attribute. E.g:
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
Monthly savings
Month
Savings
January
$100
February
$100
Sum: $180
Result:
Monthly Savings
An HTML Table With a Caption: To add a caption to a table, use the
tag.
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.
The href attribute attribute specifies the destination address (http://www.w3schools.com/html/) The link text is the visible part (Visit our HTML tutorial). Internal Links
A Internal link is used to move to particular part of document within the same webpage. It is created using “name” attributes and “target” of an anchor tag. First, name the part of documents you want to create links with the name attribute: ... The target specifies where to open the linked document. Click here to go to a1
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Department Department Of Computer Science ,Gpt Hubli
Basic Web-Design Lab Manual By Shabnam S Jahagirdar, Lecturer, Gpt hubli.