!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
!"#$"%&'#()*&" ,) -./0)*1('
!"#$%&'!(
!"#"$%&'($ "* +,%-,$#(%&"'#, +,%-,$#(%&"'#, ." (/*0"'+&( ."* /*01, ." /*0&.,2 ."* 3(+&%&"'#, (* -,4, 5$"*(+&6' - 728 9:; (-*&+('., +$&#"$&,2 ." (+0"$., (* #&-, ." 3(+&%&"'#,8
*+!,-.%!/ ,$0 1*+$2,&31#$(
!&2#&'<0&$ <",%"#$=(2 3 -"$&,.,2 ." /*01, "' "* 3(+&%&"'#,8
!"#"$%&'($ "* ='.&+" ." -$,.0+#&7&.(. 3 +,'2#$0&$ *( +0$7( ." +,%-,$#(%&"'#, ." (/*0"'+&(8
!"/&'&$ "* +,'+"-#, ." "/&+&"'+&( ." /*01,8
&2%+!,-..&42( >($( ?(+"$ -$,.0+&$ 0' -,4, -"#$,*"$,; "* &'<"'&"$, ." -$,.0++&6' ."@" +,%-$"'."$ *,2 -$&'+&-&,2 /=2&+,2 90" $&<"' "* /*01, ." /*0&.,2 5(+"&#"; <(2 3 (<0(: ." *( /,$%(+&6' (* -,4, 3 20 (2+"'2, (* A$@,* ." 7A*70*(2 3 ." "2#" ?(2#( "* 2"-($(.,$" *!3! 50-6$2%$( B' -,4, /*03"'#" "2 (90"* 90" +,' *( "'"$<=( -$,-&( ."* 3(+&%&"'#, "2 +(-(4 ." 7"'+"$ *(2 +(=.(2 ." -$"2&6' 90" ,+0$$"' "' "* %".&, -,$,2,; #0@"$=( ." -$,.0++&6' *='"( ." ."2+($<( ?(2#( "* 2"-($(.,$8
$.-1.&!2$/ *1+1 $0 .!7*!+%17&$2%! ,$ 150-$2.&1 #$%$ &$'&('$% '$ &$)*$ *+ ,%+-./0 1(+ -+ ''+2$ $ &$34 +0 +' 5$&.6.+0748 2" $"90&"$" ." 0'( "+0(+&6' 90" "C-$"2" *(
"'"$<=( , -D$.&.(2 ." -$"2&6' ."@&., ( *,2 "/"+#,2 7&2+,2,2 , /0"$4(2 ." /$&++&6' +,%, /0'+&6' ." *( 7"*,+&.(. , ."* <(2#, ." /*01,8 E0'90" "C&2#"' %0+?(2 /,$%(2 ." "+0(+&,'"2 ." (+0"$., (* #&-, ." /*0&.,2; *( "+0(+&6' @(2" "2 *( F"3 ." !($+38
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
0$6 ,$ ,1+.6
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
; , "' #D$%&',2 #D$%&',2 ."* <(2#, +,%,N +,%,N F( (-*&+(+&6' ." *( F"3 ." !($+3 (* /*01, ." /*0&.,2 "' "* 3(+&%&"'#,; $"90&"$" *( ."/&'&+&6' ."* #&-, ." <",%"#$=(2 90" 2" -0"."' "2-"$($ +0('., *,2 /*0&.,2 /*03"' ?(+&( "* -,4,8 H8 O*01, +&*='.$&+,P$(.&(*8 Q8 O*01, +,'7"$<"'#"8 R8 O*01, *&'"(*8 S8 O*01, "*=-#&+,8 J8 O*01, -2"0.,T$(.&(*8 K8 O*01, "2/D$&+,8 U8 O*01, 2"%&T"2/D$&+,8
Fracturamiento Hidráulico
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
0$6 ,$ ,1+.6
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
; , "' #D$%&',2 #D$%&',2 ."* <(2#, +,%,N +,%,N F( (-*&+(+&6' ." *( F"3 ." !($+3 (* /*01, ." /*0&.,2 "' "* 3(+&%&"'#,; $"90&"$" *( ."/&'&+&6' ."* #&-, ." <",%"#$=(2 90" 2" -0"."' "2-"$($ +0('., *,2 /*0&.,2 /*03"' ?(+&( "* -,4,8 H8 O*01, +&*='.$&+,P$(.&(*8 Q8 O*01, +,'7"$<"'#"8 R8 O*01, *&'"(*8 S8 O*01, "*=-#&+,8 J8 O*01, -2"0.,T$(.&(*8 K8 O*01, "2/D$&+,8 U8 O*01, 2"%&T"2/D$&+,8
Fracturamiento Hidráulico
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
Pozos Horizontales
Flujo Cilíndrico/Radial
Flujo convergente
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
Flujo esférico
Flujo Semiesférico
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
$.-1.&42 ,$0 50-#! ,$ 150-$2.&1
$.-1.&42 ,$ 150-$2.&1 $2 50-#! +1,&10
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
$.-1.&42 ,$ 150-$2.&1 $2 50-#! +1,&10 ,$ 1.$&%$
$.-1.&42 ,$ 150-$2.&1 $2 50-#! +1,&10 ,$ 81/
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
$.-1.&42 ,$ ,&5-/&42 $2 .!!+,$21,1/ +1,&10$/ V,'2&."$(+&,'"2 &'&+&(*"2N (: G* 3(+&%&"'#, "2 +,'2&."$(., ?,%,<"'", "' #,.(2 *(2 -$,-&".(."2 ." *( $,+( " &2,#$6-&+, 5-"$%"(@&*&.(.:8 @: G* -,4, -$,.0+#,$ /0" #"$%&'(., ( #$(7D2 ."* "2-"2,$ ." *( /,$%(+&6' (2"<0$('., 0' /*01, $(.&(* +,%-*"#,8 +: F( /,$%(+&6' "2#A +,%-*"#(%"'#" 2(#0$(.( +,' 0' 2,*, /*0&.,
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
/!0-.&!2$/ 1 01 $.-1.&42 ,$ ,&5-/&42 G' -$&'+&-&,; 0' 'W%"$, &'/&'&#, ." 2,*0+&,'"2 ( *( "+0(+&6' ." .&/02&6'; -0"."' 2"$ ,@#"'&.(2; ."-"'.&"'., ." *(2 +,'.&+&,'"2 &'&+&(*"2 3 ." /$,'#"$( &%-0"2#(28 G2#,2 2,' **(%(.,2 -"$&,.,2 , $"<=%"'"2 ." /*01,8
0 + 6 . ; : 9
0 . #-+(*4+-7$&.40$%.4 =%$0-.74%.4 <-7$&.40$%.4
!"#$%&' )& "*+)#,%-.-)!) )& "+/+'
+$8&7$2$/ ,$ 50-#!9 V0('., 0' -,4, 7"$#&+(* "2 (@&"$#, ( /*01, -($( -$,.0+&$ (+"&#" ( 0' <(2#, !; 2" <"'"$( 0'( +(=.( ." -$"2&6' 5+,%, 2& /0"$( 0' +,',: ." $(.&, $ (*$".".,$ ."* -,4,8
F(2 *='"(2 ." /*01, "' *( $"<&6' +&*='.$&+( /,$%(' 0' /*01, ?,$&4,'#(* +,%, 2" %0"2#$( "' *( 2&<0&"'#" /&<0$(8
+:8&7$2 %+12/&%!+&!9 B' $D<&%"' #$('2&#,$&, 2" ."/&'" +0('.,P.,'." *( ,'.( ." -$,-(<(+&6' ." *( -$"2&6' ." 0' -,4, ', ?( (*+('4(., '&'<0'( /$,'#"$( ."* 3(+&%&"'#,8 !0$('te el flujo transitorio el “cono” de presión es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
