Amahmid21infogenetiquelocalisationtransmissionexpression 141128092120 Conversion Gate01

Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

-

Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation - Marrakech

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. .

 

.

O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

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CRMEF Marrakech – [email protected]


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1 ADN . . 2007

- (SM)

ADN

-

2 . . 2n=6 2007

- (SM)

-

3 ARNm 2004

- (SM)

ARNm ADN .

-

4 ADN . 2004

- (SM)

-

5

. : •

•

2009

- (PC)

.

-

6 ADN

.

ADN .


2/ 36



-


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1 ADN . . 2007

- (SM)

ADN

-

2 . . 2n=6 2007

- (SM)

-

3 ARNm 2004

- (SM)

ARNm ADN .

-

4 ADN . 2004

- (SM)

-

5

. : •

•

2009

- (PC)

.

-

6 ADN

.

ADN .


2/ 36



-


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7 . .

8 . . 2005

- (SM)

-

9 ADN ADN

. .

10 .

ADN

. 2007

ADN

- (SCI. EXP)

-

11 .

E284

Acide borique

.

: 24



. .

1

.

.

2



 2

µg/mL 0 400 600 800 1000

1

4% 7.25% 8.75% 11% 11.5%

2 1

1 2 3 4

.1

. O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

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-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12 : .

1

4 3

2 1 1

.

.1 .

.2

: . ADN

RAS

.RAS



P53 RAS



P53

.3 .

. 1

.4 .P53

Yusuke Nukamura

2

ADN

2

. ... T C A 1 2 3

C T A T 4 5 6 7

C 8

ADN

C G A T ... 9 10 11 12

... T C A 1 2 3

2

C 4

T T C C G A T ... 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1 2

ARNm

.5 .

P53

.6 . .

P53

.7 .8

2004

- (Sc.Exp.)

-


4/ 36


-



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13 : 1

2 1

.

1

.

.1

.1

:

.2 .1

.

2.

.

.

.3

.

2

2

3

4

2

.

1

.

2

.4 .5

: .2 .2 2004

- (Sc.Math.)

.6

2 3

. .

-


5/ 36


-



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14 ADN

1

ADN .

.B A

2

(t3 – t2 –t1 )

2

1 .

I2

ADN

I1

B A

.1

2

.2

. .

B A

.

.2

Z4 Z3 Z2 Z1

.3

ADN

.4

15 .

1

2

1

1

.W Y .

1


2 1 6/ 36

X

.1 .2



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

X t1



. X

2

.X

t2

. X

2

. .3 t2

t1

X

. X

t2 .



.

(

)

U

. . .4 . .

. X

3



.

10

10 X

3

3

.5 .

(1

) Y

4



.1 .

Y

.6 .7

4 O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

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-


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16 : .



t 1 .(1

.

) 4

2

2

.

ADN

1

.4 .

.1

ADN

.2

4

.

2 .2n=6

(1

3 2 1

. .3

B

)4

. 3

ADN

1 3

2

.1

Z1

.3 ADN



2

3

1

.

.Z2

. .4 .

Z1

3

17 : (Dystrophine) .

X

•

Y

•

1 .(3

2

)

C B


8/ 36

(1

)

A


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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

2 . 1.

.1 2

. .2

. .

2

4. .3 3 . .4 .

.C B 3

Ile Tyr UAU UAC

UAA UGA

Gly GGU GGC

AUU AUA

Asn

Trp

AAU AAC

UGG

Cys Leu UUG UUA

Arg AGG AGA

UGU UGC

18 : E.coli 421



. 1 149

: .

1

158

ARNm

.1

.2

Asn AAC

Phe UUC

Ser UCU

Val GUC

Gly GGU

Met AUG

Ala GCU

2 . .

.2 155

3 .3


9/ 36



. .3



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.3

.

3

.4 .156 

E.coli

. 1 .4 3

.E.coli

.5 .6 2

4

.

.

:

.7

19 : . n 3,6

ADN 8n 28

2n 7.3

2n 7.3

2n 7.3

1

10 -12 g P

P

P

P



ADN

. .

3

1

2

. .1

ADN .

. ADN

.


2 10/ 36




-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.2

B A

. 2

(

. .2

3

)

.

ADN

4

1



.(endomitose) 

2

1



4

.

. .3

.

. : . .

ADN

Q

2n

. .4

ADN

t1

•

ADN

t2

•

.

.

20 .

ABO A B



A

A

•

B

B

•

.O

O 1

354

B

•

A

. TAC TAC CTG GGG GGG TTC

A

TAC TAC ATG GGG GCG TTC

B

.B A A

.1 (

)

.2

. .3 1


.

11/ 36

B A



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O

2



. A .4 . 2

21 : 1

.

E. coli



. 1

3 . .1 1. .2 ARNm

2 .1 .2

.3 .2

.4

ARNm

ARNm

Met

AUG

Ile

AUU AUC AUA

Trp

UGG

Ala

GCU GCC GCA GCG

Asp

GAU CAC

Gly

GGU GGC GGA GGG

Glu

GAA GAG

Pro

CCU CCC CCA CCG

Asn

AAU AAC

Thr

ACU ACC ACA ACG

Cys

UGU UGC

Val

GUU GUC GUA GUG

Gln

CAA CAG

Arg

GGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG

His

CAU CAC

Leu

CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA UUG

Lys

AAA AAG

Ser

UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC

Phe

UUU UUC

-

UAA UAG UGA

2


12/ 36


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3



3

. .3

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

.5

8

…CGA-GGA-ACC-TCA-CTT-TTT-ACA-GTA :

.3

…CGA-GGA-CCT-CAC-TTT-TTG-ACA-GTA :3

.6 3

.3

22 515 1

G6PD

.



. .G6PD

(%)

G6PD 100

G6PDB

85

G6PDA

12

G6PDA-

3

G6PDM

P

P

1

.

G6PD

1

.1 2



G6PD . .... 66°

.... 124° ....

.... 186° ....

G6PDB

.... TTC ATC GTG GGC .... CAC ATG AAT GCC CTC .... CAC ATC TCC TCC CTG

G6PDA

.... TTC ATC GTG GGC .... CAC ATG GAT GCC CTC .... CAC ATC TCC TCC CTG

G6PDA-

.... TTC ATC ATG GGC .... CAC ATG GAT GCC CTC .... CAC ATC TCC TCC CTG

G6PDM

.... TTC ATC GTG GGC .... CAC ATG AAT GCC CTC .... CAC ATC TTC TCC CTG

P

P

2

. .

.2

G6PD

. .3

.G6PD O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

. 13/ 36


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23 : (1

)

1



.(2 G1 0.08h

2

S 0.15h G 2 0.09

)

M G2

1h

1

3h

S 8h

G1 16h

M:3h

1

.1 .

.1

.

10

.2

.

B A



: .

100%

A



ARN

B

.



30% .

.3 .

.4

.

.5 .

2 .



.2

. :

.2

X 6

.6

.

X



. 2


14/ 36

3

.G1


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. .X .

X

.

X

G1 G2 G2

+ + +

1 2 3

G2

+

4 .

3

.X

.7 :

4

3 2

.8

.X

. X

.

.

24 : 

1 .1 1

2

1

. B A .

.

A B

.

1

2

2

1

.1

. B A

1

. 2

2 .

1

.2

2 .C B



A 2

.C A

B A


.3 15/ 36



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.

C B A

.4 .

.5

25 : .

1 .1



2 1

.1

.1

. 2 ARNm



1

30

t0

. ARNm

2

ARNm . .

ARNm

. .3

ARNm ARNm

.

ARNm

. .



2

. 3 . …Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Thr-Pro-Lys-Thr… 23 24 .... 30

. .4 .

...Gly-Leu-Phe-Tyr-Thr-Pro-Lys-Thr ... 23 24 .... 30

. . ARNm

3

B

B

.5

.4


16/ 36


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Phe) UUU

(Thr) ACU

(Gly) GGU

(Lys) AAA

(Pro) CCU

(Leu) CUU

(Tyr) UAU UAC

4

.

.6

.

. .7 .

.

26 .

394

Z

antitrypsine Z

1

M

.Z

M

. .345

-340 - 341-342-343-344- 345 M

-Ile – Asp – Glu -Lys -Gly -Thr

Z

-Ile –Asp – Val -Lys -Gly -Thr

340

Z M

.1 .2 ADN .Z M

1

ADN

.3

.Z

Z

27 : ADN



ADN . 1 1

1

ADN .

2 . 1

60

35

30

25

750

550

400

350

340

1100

560

450

400

350

280

400

320

280

240

200

:2 O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

17/ 36

:1 CRMEF Marrakech – [email protected]

-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q

ADN

200

.1 :1

1

200

. . 400

200

400

.400 200 400

. 200

ADN

.

. 400 200 200

.

.

1

2

.2 

7000 BRCA2

.

BRCA1

1995

1994

.

. BReast CAncer 2

2

100%

BRCA2

BRCA2 BRCA1

BRCA1

.

50%

1

.3 .

0 30

40

50

60

70

80

BRCA2 BRCA1 3418

BRCA1



1863

ADN

. BRCA2 3

.

ADN .

BRCA1 .4

ADN ADN

.5 3

3


.BRCA1

18/ 36



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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BRCA2 4

1

BRCA1



.

2

.

BRCA1 . BRCA2

4 … 68 69 70

BRCA1

71

72

73

74

75

76 77 …

… ATA ACC AAA AGG AGC CTA CAA GAA AGT ACG …

BRCA1

1

… ATA ACC AAA AGG AGC CTA TAA GAA AGT ACG …

... 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 … … … 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 …

BRCA2

... TTG TGT TTA GTT TCT CTT CGA … … … AAA TTT CAT TTA TCG ACG TTT …

BRCA2

… TTG TGT TTG TTT CTC TTC GAC … … … AAT TTC ATT TAT CGA CGT TTC …

2

4

.BRCA2 BRCA1

.6 :

.

.7

BRCA2

.

BRCA1

.

.

BRCA2

.

BRCA1

. .8 .

.

–

(

)

.9

28 

.

1

.

,

.

2


1 19/ 36



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.1 .2n=6

.1

1

.2

.

2 .

.3

ADN

3



3

.F

E

D C

B A

.4

3

.5 .

.

4

.6

ADN 1

D

4 5

.



.

ARNm .

.7 .

5

.8

ARNm 0

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.5 10-12 g P

P

5 .Hb



FA

6 . FT B


20/ 36

B

FM B

B


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

F A B

TTC-ATA-GTG-ATT-CGA-GCG-AAA

B

144 145 146 147 148 149 150 FM B

3

TTC-ATT-GTG-ATT-CGA-GCG-AAA

B

144 145 146 147 148 149 150 FT B

TTC-ATA-GTG-TGA-TTC-GAG-CGA

B

144 145 146 147 148 149 150

. FT B

.

FT B

FT B

FM

B

B

FM

B

B

B

F A

B

B

FM

B

B

.9

B

.10

B

.11

F A B

B

. 2005

- (Sc.Math.)

-

29 Arg + P

E.coli

P

. Arg-

E.coli

P

P

: ) Arg+



P

P

.

1

Arg-

Arg-

P

( ADN :

Arg-

P

P

Arg.

.1

P

P

P

.

ADN

. ArgP

Arg+

P

P

P

.

ArgP

P

.1 1 Arg-

.

Arg+

P

P



P

P

2

2

1

.C

GGT CAA GCA ATA TCT GCC CCA GTT CGT TAT AGA CGG

2

2 2

2 1


e

d

c

b

a

+

+

+

-

+

Arg+ P

+

+

-

+

+

Arg-P P

P

1

.2 21/ 36



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.3

.3

CCA

Tyr

Val

Ile

Asp

Arg

UAU

GUA

AUA

GAC

CGG

UAC

GUU

AGA CGU

3 Arg-

b

P

P



.4 b

.4

c .b

4 .

.5

30 : 1

● .I

. .

.1 .(2n = 6 ADN 2

) ●

. .

1 (G3 B

)

B

7.3

(G2 B

)

B

(G1 B

)

B

7.3

7.3

(Go B

B

)

7.3

( pg

) ADN

2 G3 B

B

G2 B

B

G1 B

B

Go B

ADN

B

(Xeroderma Pigmentosum)

.2 ● .II

.(UV) .


22/ 36


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

: ADN ADN

2

( )

()

●

.

.

C T C

T

T G

C T C

G A G A A C -

T

T G

G A G A A C

-

- -

3 .

ADN

3

.3

ADN

●

. ADN .

.4

ADN

●

4

.

215

XPA

.

XPA 64

68

A A C G G T T G A A C T

T G C C A A C T T

64

A C T

A

:( )

G T G A T

68 :( )

A A C G G T T A A C A C T A T

T G C C A A T T G

T

T G A T A

4

XPA

.5 4.

( )

( ) XPA


23/ 36

.6


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

●

.

.25 erg/mm2

5

P

P

. .7

5 .5 2006

(Sc.Exp)

-

31 : 1

.

●

1 cm2

. 160×103

40×103

P

P

P

10×103

P

P

120

2.5×103

P

P

80

P

P

P

40

0

1

. (

.1

)

ADN

.

2 ADN

●

. .: .

: ADN .C

35 UA

.2

A

. .


.C 24/ 36

B A


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.

3

●

.3

. .3 C

B A

.

. 2 1

.4 .

2007

3

(Sc.Exp)

-

32 Mucoviscidose .

CFTR :

:

ADN

.() .( )

: :

1

( ) ()

●

CFTR

CF

o

CFTR

CF

o

( )

5’…AAA GAA AAT ATC ATC TTT GGT GTT TCC TAT…3’

( )

5’…AAA GAA AAT ATC ATT GGT GTT TCC TAT…3’ 1

.

ADN 2 .1 Gly GGG, GGA, GGC, GGU

2

Ile AUA,AUC,AUU

UAU,UAC

.Mucoviscidose (Sc.Exp)

()

Asn AAC,AAU

Ser UCC, UCU, UCA, UCG, AGU, AGC

2007

( )

Ac.Glu GAG,GAA

Val GUG, GUA, GUC, GUU

Tyr

.2

Lys AAG,AAA

Phe UUC, UUU

.1

.3

-


25/ 36


-



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

33 phénylcétonurie 1 /10000



. (phénylalanine) .

...

: .



phénylcétonurie .

1

mg/100ml 1000

300

2

1

( 2000

)

300

0

63 ( 1.8 (

15

2 )

1

(

)

0.3

Phénylalanine

0 )

Acide phénylpyruvique

1

.1 . 

.

452

(PhénylAlanine Hydroxylase) PAH

(Tyrosine)

.(Acide phénylpyruvique) phénylcétonurie 2

.2

- – -

.R408Q

PAH

-



ADN

.

ADN

… A C A A T A C C T C G G C C C T T C T C A G T T … - – …A C A A T A C C T T G G C C C T T C T C A G T T …

-

–

3

:

3

.3

.

.

.

.

.

. .4 .

2007

(SM-Norm)

. phénylcétonurie


. .5

26/ 36


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

34 : les gibbérellines (GA) .

GA1 .

1

GA20

GA29



GA19

GA44

GA53

E GA12 G A1

GA8

GA51

GA9

3

GA24

E

GA15

3 béta-hydroxylase

1 1

E

.1 

2

."

"

"

" .

U A -

U A -

2 "

"

.2 .

E

Le



.3béta-hydroxylase

3

.(b) O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

27/ 36

3

1 .

(a) CRMEF Marrakech – [email protected]

-



-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 3 124 128 172 175 372 375 (a) ATG CCT TCA … … … GGC ATC GCT CGT ATC … … ACC ATG AAA AAG … … CAA GTG GGC TAA ( ATG CCT TCA … … … GGC ATC CTC GTA TCT … … CCA TGA AAA AGT … … AAG TGG GCT AA b)

.

Le

.(b)

Le

(a)

3 . Le

.3 ARNm B

.4

B

. .5 . . 2009

- (PC)

–

:

.6

-

35 . : . A .GA29

GA20 (1

GA8

GA1 :

Gibbérelline

)

1 .(2

)

1


28/ 36


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2

.B

. . 2

(Le)

3

:

3β-hydroxylase

.

.C

(Led) .(Led) (Le)

3 .

1

.

.1 3 2

1

.2

. 2009

(PC)

GA8

:

-

36 : . .2n = 8

.

1



1

. 2

D

.

C B A

.1

ADN




29/ 36



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12 10 9.5 9 8.5 8 7 5 4 3 2 0 C C C 2C 2C 4C 4C 4C 3C 2C 2C 2C

ADN

2

.

ADN

. .2

.1

.

. :

.3 . .

10

8

. .

.

.4

ADN

2

1



2 .

3

.5 1. 2

5

.6 1.


1 30/ 36

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

37 . . : 

Low Density = LDL

Particules

.

LDL

.

+

= Lipoproteins .1 

LDL .

2

.

LDL

2

1

.LDL

1

.1

2

.2 

3 . ( ua) LDL 1

. LDL

LDL

LDL ua

3

1 R.F= Risque Faible •

0.5

2.5

1 /500 •

R.M=Risque Modéré

40 •

0 5 O. AMAHMID – Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre 31/ 36

1/1000 000 CRMEF Marrakech – [email protected] •

.

15

R.E=Risque très Elevé


-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.

3 4

.

.3

839 5

LDL



. . 4

6

5

Phe Leu Thr Ala Glu Ile

UUU UUG ACC GCG GAA AUC

Leu Arg Trp Asn Lys

:

CUU CGC UGG AAC AAA UAG

..A A A A A C T G G C G C C T T .. ..T T T T T G A C C G C G G A A .. :

..A A A A A C T A G C G C C T T .. ..T T T T T G A T C G C G G A A ..

4

4

.4 .

:5

.5

.

. . .6

.

.6 Statines



. LDL

ARNm

statines

. .

statines


32/ 36

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

38 . . : .



.l'acétylcholine L’acétylcholine estérase (AChE)

.(AChE)

. propoxur



1

. S2

S1 . 1

.

1 S2

S1

AChE

.

3

+ +++++

AChE

propoxur 2

propoxur +++++ +++++ +

propoxur




.

AChE propoxur 5.10-4 M

.1

S1 S2

3 33/ 36

.2



-


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. S2 3

. AChE .(AchER

4

Leu Ala Thr Ser Gly Gly

CUG GCC ACU AGC GGA GGU

Leu Thr Phe Gly Gly

UUG ACG UUC GGC GGG UAG

S1

AChE



)

(AChES

245

)

251

(AChES) GGG GGT GGC TTC ... GGG ACT GCC ACG CTG

(AChER) GGG GGT AGC TTC ... GGG ACT GCC ACG TTG

3

.3 .4 .4 .


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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

U U

UUU UUC UUA UUG

CUU CUC C CUA CUG AUU AUC A AUA AUG GUU GUC G GUA GUG

C Phe Leu

Leu

Ile

Met

Val

UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG

A

Ser

Pro

Thr

Ala


UAU UAC UAA UAG CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC AAA AAG GAU GAC GAA GAG 35/ 36

G Tyr

His Gln

Asn Lys

Ac.Asp Ac.Glu

UGU UGC UGA UGG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG

Cys

Trp

Arg

Ser Arg

Gly

U C A G U C A G U C A G U C A G


Amahmid21infogenetiquelocalisationtransmissionexpression 141128092120 Conversion Gate01

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