A tecnologia como conceito é tudo aquilo que leva alguma pessoa a evoluir, a melhorar, a simplificar. Enfim, todo processo de aperfeiçoamento deve-se ...
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
7 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
GLROUTMA < ‗ OCU[AETÎÇA L udgcamanol gaia gacgdoua ï utea l|toma |td mdvl lmntil rdwwal l dvamto{- l idmha{l{l woirmofogl{# Dcfoi- uaea r{agdwwa ed lrd{fdoîalidcua edvd)wd â udgcamanol# Wd rl{l{ rl{l{iaw iaw rl{l rl{l rdcwl{ rdcwl{ ra{ |tlcu |tlculw lw flwdw flwdw ed dvamt dvamtîça îça udgca udgcam÷n m÷nog ogll l wagod wagodele eledd iaed{cl rlwwat- rdcwl{éliaw {lroelidcud ca lvlcîa
gokd{cïuoga-
gairtulea{dw
iocúwg ioc úwgtm tmawaw- ghorwghorw- ocu ocud{c d{cdu du-- udmd udmdi÷v i÷vdo doww d atu{ atu{aw aw {dgt {dgt{w {waw aw ”Hon ”Honhh Udgh Udgh’# ’# Ra Ra{ï {ïii- wd rdcwl{ia {iaw how howu÷{o ÷{ogaw
clw
dvamtîôdw
ghdn hdnl{é l{élia iaww
l
di
ud{iaw
gacg acgmtwô twôdw
Udgcamanol (ea n{dna υδώιξ ― +afégoa+ d ΰαηομ ― +dwutea+/ ï ti ud{ia |td dcvamvd a gachdgoidcua uïgcoga d godcuéfoga d lw fd{{lidculw- r{agdwwaw d ilud{o ilud{olow low g{olea g{oleaw w d!at d!at tuomozl tuomozleaw eaw l rl{uo{ rl{uo{ ed ulm gach gachdg dgoi oidc dcua ua## Edrd Edrdce cedc dcea ea ea gacu gacudx dxua ua-- l udgcamanol raed wd{: •
•
flcuìwuoglw ea |td ï udgcamanol# Cdw Cdwud ud u{lk u{lklm lmha ha dcga dcgacu cu{l {li)w i)wdd udil udilww lk{lcndcudw
cl
ì{dl
udgcam÷nogl-
el
ocfa{ilîça d el gaitcoglîça- ulow gaia: L
• •
•
dvam dvamtî tîça ça elw elw udgc udgcam aman anol olww rl{l rl{l aw wd{d wd{dww htilcaw- ed fa{il |td gaia dml fao lgdoudedwdcvamvoel d edga{{oel dcu{d a haidi- u{lz ed til fa{il woirmdw d gt{oawl lw n{lcedw flîlchlw howu÷{oglw gaia- a edwdcvamvoidcua el flml- a edwg edwgak ak{o {oid idccua el dwg{o wg{ouul- a lrl{ lrl{dg dgoi oidc dcua ua el oi oir{ r{dc dcwl wl d ra{ ra{ foi foi aw lvlcîaw udgcam÷nogaw el d{l dmdgu{÷cogl |td cça rl{li ed wt{no{- gaia l wagodeled led{ot â udgcamanol et{lcud a wdt r{agdwwa dvamtuova#
•
Lw fd{{ fd{{li lidc dcul ulw w d lw iì|t iì|toc oclw lw |td |td ljteli l {dwamvd{di r{akmdilw0 Lw uïgcogl uïgcoglww- gachdg gachdgoid oidcua cuaww- iïuaea iïuaeawwilud ilud{o {olo loww- fd{{ fd{{li lidc dcul ulww- d r{ag r{agdw dwwa waw w twleaw twleaw rl{l rl{l {dwamv {dwamvd{ d{ r{akmd r{akmdilw ilw at la idcaw flgomoul{ l wamtîça eaw idwiaw0 ###0 L lrmoglîça ed {dgt{waw rl{l l {dwamtîça ed r{akmdilw0 A ud{i ud{ia a udgc udgcama amanol nol ulik ulikïi ïi raed raed wd{ wd{ twlea rl{l edwg{dvd{ a cévdm ed gachdg gachdgoid oidcua cua godcué godcuéfog fogaa- iludiì iludiìuoga uoga d uïgcoga ed til edud{ioclel gtmut{l0 ###
L udgcamanol ï- ed til fa{il nd{lm- a dcgacu{a dcu{d goêcgol d dcndchl{ol# Wdcea ti ud{ia |td ocgmto edwed lw fd{{lidculw d r{agdwwaw woirmdwulow gaia til gamhd{ ed iledo{l d l fd{idculîça el tvltvl- luï luï lw fd{{ fd{{li lidc dcul ulw w d r{ag r{agdw dwwa waw w ilow ilow gairmdxaw gairmdxaw jì g{oleaw g{oleaw rdma wd{ htilca- ulm gaia l Dwulîça Dwulîça Dwrlgolm Dwrlgolm Ocud{clgoac Ocud{clgoaclm lm d l edwwlmocozlîç edwwlmocozlîça a el ìntl ìntl ea il{# il{# F{d|ýd F{d|ýdcud cudidc idcudud- l udgcam udgcamano anol l dcu{ dcu{l l di gacfmo gacfmoua ua gai gai lmnt lmntil ilw w r{da r{dagt gtrl rlîô îôdw dw clut{low ed cawwl wagodeled- gaia a edwdir{dnal ramtoîça ramtoîça d atu{lw itoulw |tdwuôdw dgam÷noglwdgam÷noglwfomaw÷foglw d wagoam÷noglw# Facud: huur:!!ru#~o`ordeol#a{n!~o`o!Udgcamanol
Lcudw Lcudw d{l utea ilow {dwu{oua {dwu{oua-- hajd ra{ïira{ïi- udiaw udiaw la cawwa lmglcgd lmglcgd gaowlw gaowlw |td wd{oli wd{oli itoua ilow {dwu{oulw â lmnti udira lu{ìw- gacutea dwud u{lklmha {dmlul flguaw ocud{dwwlcudw wak{d gaia fao l lelrulîça el Wagodeled la ”itcea vo{utlm’- gaia d wd a Haidi dwul{ì r{acua rl{l el{ gacuoctoeled gacuoctoeled l dwul dvamtîça# Rdw|towdo di vì{oaw wéuoaw el ocud{cdu- ulcua ed rdw|towl gaiti ea uora ” Naanmd’Naanmd’|tlcua di wéuoaw dwrdgolmozleaw di ocfa{ilîça- gaia l ” ^o`orïeol’^o`orïeol ’- dcu{d atu{aw- gai a r{ar÷woua ed iawu{l{ a |tça oira{ulcud fao d wdir{d wd{ì a cawwa r{agdwwa dvamtuova di {dmlîça â udgcamanol- â ocfa{ilîça d â gaitcoglîça- edwul fa{il u{lzdcea law mdoua{dw ti gacudúea woirmdw d eocëioga ed ocfa{ilîça# <77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
5 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
Oilnocdiaw gaia wd{ol l cawwl wagodeled lgutlm- wd a haidi cça uovdwwd edwdcvamvoea l flml- l mocntlndi# Ï r{luoglidcud oirawwévdm flml{ edwwd lwwtcua# \tlcea wt{not l dwg{oul- itoulw kl{{do{lw fa{li |tdk{lelw- itouaw fa{li kdcdfogoleawlw rdwwalw rted{li dxra{ aw wdtw rdcwlidcuaw cça w÷ gai l mocntlndi- ilow ulikïi gai wéikamaw- n{lvt{lw- d clw ilow eovd{wlw ilcdo{lw ed wd dwg{dvd{ ca rlwwlea# Gai a ghdnl{ el oir{dcwl- lw gaowlw {dvamtgoacl{li)wd d l ocfa{ilîça d{l rtkmoglel di rde{lw- awwaw- uìktlwedraow di mov{aw d lgutlmidcud di eagtidcuaw eonoulow# Cl d{l gokd{cïuogl- ï oir{dwwoaclcud gaia fogl{li ilow fìgdow lw gaowlw- lgutlmidcud rae raedi diaw aw ra{ ra{ dxdi dxdirm rmaa luï luï ud{ ud{ ti till gacwtmul iïeogl rdml Ocud{cdu# Aw iïuaeaw d aw r{agdwwaw lwwagoleaw
âw
Udgcamanolw
ed
Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça rd{iouo{lidcu{d itouaw atu{aw lwrdguaw- {dfa{itml{ lguovoeledw- uça r{÷r{olw el gtmut{l eaw ravaw gaia l detglîça- ocga{ra{lcea cavlw cavlw lrmo lrmoglî glîôdw ôdw-- cavlw cavlw lka{e lka{eln lndcw dcw-cavlw fa{ilw ed lgutl{ |td gamoedi at |td- di lmntcw glwaw- gadxowudi- gai l r{ìuogl ocwuoutéel Moch Mochll ed rdcw rdcwli lidc dcua ua ftut ftut{o {owu wull uaeaw rawwtéiaw- lfoclm- dwuliaw wdir{d cl dxrdguluovl ed cavlw udgcamanolw #
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
4 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
GLROUTMA ; ) L DVAMTÎÇA ELW UDGCAMANOLW ED OCFA[ILÎÇA D GAITCOGLÎÇA L Flml Ï lu{lvïw eaw wdcuoeaw |td caw lrd{gdkdiaw eaw moioudw ea cawwa r{÷r{oa ga{ra d uail uailia iaww gacu gaculg lgua ua gai gai a it itce ceaa dxud dxud{o {oa{ a{## Ra Ra{{ wdt wdt ocud ocud{i {iïe ïeoa oa gacw gacwdn dnto toia iaww akud akud{{ lw ocfa{ilîôdw |td caw rd{ioudi woutl{ia)caw l c÷w r{÷r{oaw {dmluovlidcud la idoa |td caw {aedol# Wd dxowuéwwdiaw ca vlzoa uaulm- di dwgt{oeça lkwamtul- wdi dwgtul{iaw ti úcoga wai at wdcuo{iaw ti úcoga ghdo{a at cça dxrd{oidcuìwwdiaw |tlm|td{ vl{olîça uï{iogl at ed r{dwwça uìguomuìguom- dcfoi- wd cça caw lrd{gdkêwwdiaw lu{lvïw eaw wdcuoeaw l cça wd{ el r{dwdcîl ea cawwa r{÷r{oa ga{ra- cça ud{éliaw |tlm|td{ racua ed {dfd{êcgol dxud{oa{ dxud{oa{ {dmluovlidcud la |tlm caw rteïwwdiaw woutl{ d a{odcul{# Aw wdcuoeaw rd{ioudi)caw cça w÷ akud{iaw ocfa{ilîôdw ea idoa |td caw gd{gl- ilw ulikïi |td caw tuomozdiaw edmdw rl{l gaitcogl{iaw- wdjl gai aw cawwaw wdidmhlcudw at cça# Dcu{d aw wd{dw htilcaw- l gaitcoglîça cça wd{vd lrdclw rl{l akud{ d u{lcwiouo{ idcwlndcw {dmlgoaclelw gai a itcea dxud{oa{# Ï ulikïi ed wtil oira{uëcgol cl udol ed {dmlîôdw wagolow- ra{ caw rd{iouo{ el{iaw l gachdgd{ a cawwa dwulea ed dwré{oua- lw cawwlw diaîôdw- aw cawwaw edwdjaw d {dgdoaw### D- cdwwd lwrdgua- oirôd)wd l cdgdwwoeled ed til fa{il ed vd{eledo{l mocntlndi- {ogl d dmlka{lel- |td caw rd{ioul gairl{uomhl{iaw aw cawwaw rdcwlidcuaw ilow r{aftceaw# Ra{ atu{lw rlmlv{lw- ï cdgdwwì{oa ti idglcowia gaia l flml# L cdgdwwoeled ed ti wowudil gaia l flml ua{cl)wd dvoedcud |tlcea wd u{lul ed gaitcogl{iaw lmna |td cça udi gaia {dfd{dcgolm ti akjdgua féwoga- gaia wdjli lw cawwlw diaîôdw- edwdjaw- wdcuoidcuaw at rdcwlidcuaw lkwu{lguaw# Dxowudi moioulîôdw ed clut{dzl koam÷nogl |td gaceogoacli l rawwokomoeled ed aw wd{dw vovaw edwdcvamvd{di idglcowiaw ed gaitcoglîça ilow at idcaw kdi wtgdeoeaw- learulcea at cça til wamtîça di vdz ed atu{l# Wlkd)w Wlkd)wdd |td l glrlgo glrlgoele eledd htilcl htilcl el flml flml-- rl{l rl{l lmïi lmïi ed uaelw uaelw lw gacwoe gacwoed{l d{lîôd îôdww edga{{dcudw el glrlgoeled idculm ed moel{ gai wéikamaw d g÷eonaw- dwuì ulikïi ocuoilidcud monlel â dwu{tut{l lclu÷iogl ea lrl{dmha vaglm ea haidi- at wdjl- â rawwokomoeled féwogl ed l{uogtml{ aw wacw cdgdwwì{oaw la eowgt{wa vd{klm#
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
6 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
L Dwg{oul A twa el dwg{oul ï til ocvdcîça htilcl {dgdcud# {dgdcud# A haia)wlrodcwhaia)wlrodcw - |td dwuì cl Ud{{l hì gd{gl ed 42 iom lcaw- jì cça twlvl ilow lw içaw cl magaiaîça: flzol twa ed til gacjtnlîça iça)flgd cça w÷ rl{l wd lmoidcul{- ilw rl{l wd dxr{dwwl{# Dwul gaa{edclîça- |td wd dxr{oid ca ndwua gaia lraoa â rlmlv{l- o{ì {drduo{)wd cl dwg{oul gaia u{lcwg{oîça eaw wacw el vaz ( Md{ao)Nat{hlc Md{ao)Nat{hlc< -
ftce ftceli lidc dcul ulm: m:
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Hod{÷nmofaw gt{wovaw ca Rlro{a ed Lco (Mov{a eaw Ia{uaw/
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L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
> ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
dw|td{el rl{l l eo{doul (dx: ra{utntêw/# Cdchtil mécntl di twa +ga{{d+ ed kloxa rl{l goiledwg{dvd gé{gtmaw gacgêcu{ogaw at lmud{l wowudiluoglidcud l eo{dgîça ed wtlw mochlw#
L Oir{dcwl A lrl{d lrl{dgo goidc idcua ua ed til cavl cavl udgca udgcaman manol ol wdir{d wdir{d ï lgair lgairlch lchle leaa ed itelcî itelcîlw# lw# Lw ocav ocavlî lîôd ôdww udgc udgcam am÷n ÷nog oglw lw wça wça glrl glrlzd zdww ed r{av r{avag agl{ l{ {dvo{lvamulw cl dwu{tut{l elw wagodeledw d caw gawutidw ed eofd{dcudw gtmut{lw# Gai a lrl{dgoidcua el r{dcwl idgëcogl cça fao eofd{dcud# L ocvdcîça ed Ntudikd{n ; lmud{at a {dmlgoaclidcua dcu{d aw wdcuoeaw htilcawiaeofoglcea iaeofoglcea aw iaeaw ed rdcwl{- ed lno{ d ed rd{gdkd{ a itcea# A raud raudcg cgol olmm ocav ocavle lea{ a{ el oi oir{ r{dw dwwç wçaa cça cça faofaogacute gacuteaa- edwga edwgakd{ kd{ua ua gai ulcul ulcul {lroed {lroedz# z# Et{lcu Et{lcudd aw eaow eaow r{oi r{oido do{a {aww wïgt wïgtma maww ed uo uora ran{ n{lf lfol ol cça cça hatv hatvdd
Jahlccdw Ntudikd{n
r{aetîça ed udxuaw ocïeouaw# L n{lced iloa{ol eaw mov{aw rtkmogleaw d{l {dr{aetîôdw eaw ilctwg{ouaw ideodvlow# Edwwl fa{il- itouaw rlwwl{li l vd{ l oir{dwwça lrdclw gaia til woirmd woirmdww gacuo gacuoctl ctlîç îçaa ea ilctwg ilctwg{ou {oua# a# D{l ito itoua ua gaiti- ocgmtwovd- dcvol{ aw oir{dwwaw law garowulw rl{l |td a dwutelcud rd{gdkdwwd |td a ocvdcua ed Ntudikd{n cça rlwwlvl ed til fa{il eofd{dcud ed dwg{ dwg{dv dvd{ d{## Wa Waid idcu cudd lr÷w lr÷w dwwd dwwd rd{é rd{éae aeaa ocog ocogol olmm a oirlgua r{avaglea rdml oir{dwwça fao wdcuoea ed ilcdo{l nmaklm d a mov{a edoxat ed wd{ vowua gaia ti id{a wtra{ud rl{l udxuaw ideodvlow# Gai Gai a ocvd ocvdcu cuaa- l vlma vlma{o {ozl zlîç îçaa ea lwrd lwrdgu guaa vowtlm vowtlm d |tlcuo |tlcuoul uluo uova va ï lgdcu lgdcutle tlel# l# L oi oir{d r{dwwç wwçaa ulikï ulikïi i udvd udvd rlrdm rlrdm edgow edgowova ova rl{l rl{l l itelcî itelcîll ea R{dcwl idgëcogl ed Ntudikd{n
iïua iïuaea ea ed gach gachdg dgoi oidc dcua ua## Lr÷w Lr÷w l uo uora ran{ n{lf lfol ol-- l
dwgamìwuogl gaidîat l dcu{l{ di edgleêcgol rl{l el{ mtnl{ la wlkd{ lclméuoga# L wlml ed ltml waf{d til {dvamtîça gai a edgmécoa el mdout{l di vaz lmul d l ocltnt{lîça ed ti cava uora ed ;
Jahlccdw Ndcwfmdowgh zt{ Mledc zti Ntudikd{n (Ianúcgol- g# eïglel ed <7?2 ) 7 ed Fdvd{do{a ed <568/- fao ti ocvdcua{ Lmdiça |td wd ua{cat fliawa rdml wtl gacu{oktoîça rl{l l Udgcamanol el Oir{dwwça d Uoran{lfol# <77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
8 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
mdoua{# Lw ocfa{ilîôdw rlwwli l wd{ eoftceoelw di ilwwl d ï g{olea a id{glea ed mov{aw# Ilw lw u{lcwfa{ilîôdw cça lglkl{li ra{ lmo# L r{dcwl idgëcogl locel ï vowul gaia dwuéitma rl{l a clgoaclmowia d dmdidcua {dmdvlcud cl foxlîça eaw oeoailw# L uoran{lfol lrl{dgd gaia r{dcúcgoa ea n{lced wt{ua ed ocvdcîôdw ocogolea ca wïgtma XVO d lk{ot lw ra{ulw rl{l l g{dwgdcud idglcozlîça idglcozlîça |td wd wdntd# L oir{dwwça lwwoclmat- ra{ulcua- til flwd edgowovl cl howu÷{ol el govomozlîça# L gtmut{l uoran{ìfogl r{aetzot ti cava uora ed haidi# A cava haidi wd{ol kdi ocfa{ilea- wd{dca raced{lea d rlgodcud# Ti ratga eowulcud el|tdmd el gtmut{l a{lm |td lktwlvl ea uai lmua ed vaz- el lmdn{ol {toeawl d el liozled l{edcud# Lw ocudcwlw u{lcwfa{ilîôdw ocwult{lelw rdml ocvdcîça ed Ntudikd{n fa{li {dgdkoelw gai l udcwça d a flwgécoa |td lgairlchli lw ocavlîôdw udgcam÷noglw# L uoran{lfol cça dwglrat ea idea r{avaglea rdmlw rawwévdow gacwd|têcgolw cdflwulw el iì|tocl d {dgdkdt g{éuoglw ed vì{oaw ud÷{ogaw#
Lrl{dgoidcua eaw Mov{aw \tlcea dcu{liaw ctil mov{l{ol d famhdliaw ti mov{a- eofogomidcud rl{liaw rl{l rdcwl{ cl ilcdo{l gaia dmd fao fdoua# Ï ilow gaiti- fogl{iaw gt{oawaw wak{d |tdi dwg{dvdt a mov{a|tdi omtwu{at l howu÷{ol- |tdi glrut{at lw fauan{lfolw### Wd udcul{iaw oilnocl{ia)caw ca rlwwlea- ï fìgom edetzo{ |td l g{olîça ea mov{a dwuì monlel la lrl{dgoidcua el dwg{oul# Ilw- lcudw ed wd edwdcvamvd{ dwul fa{il ed dxr{dwwça- a Haidi gaitcoglvl)wd lrdclw a{lmidcud# Edraow- dmd ocvdcuat atu{aw woclow ed gaitcoglîçagaia aw woclow ed ftia d aw wacw eaw ulika{dw# Udiraw ilo ilow ul{e l{ed- hì gd{g gd{gll ed 4#42 4#4222 lcaw lcaw-- di Wtid{ - cl Idwarauëiol7 (Ìwo (Ìwol/ l/-- a Haid Haidi i ocvd ocvdcu cuat at a lmfl lmflkd kdua ua## D |tlc |tlcea ea a ocvd ocvdcu cuat at-- jì wd wdcu wdcuol ol r{ac r{acua ua rl{l rl{l dwg{ dwg{dv dvd{ d{ d {dnowul{ aw wdtw rdcwlidcuaw d lw wtlw edwgakd{ulw# Ca wïgtma XV- aw {dnowuaw ea Haidi nlchl{li l fa{il ed mov{aw gaia gachdgdiaw hajd# Ilw- luï owwa lgacudgd{- dmd dwg{dvdt di rde{lwawwaw d +uìktlw+ (ulikïi ghlilelw uojamaw/ ed l{noml# Lmoìw- aw r{oido{aw mov{aw fa{li idwia dwg{ouaw clw ulow +uìktlw+ ed l{noml# D{li vì{olw rìnoclw rdwlelw gaculcea- ra{ dxdirma- l howu÷{ol ea {do d hd{÷o NomnlidwhNomnlidwh- ed T{t` - cl Idwarauëiol- |td vovdt hì 4#222 lcaw# Dmd fao 7
Caid n{dna |td woncofogl +dcu{d {oaw+ (idwa ) r÷uliaw/ ) ï til {dnoça ed ocud{dwwd howu÷{oga d ndan{ìfoga itceolm# U{lul)wd ed ti rmlclmua ed a{ondi vtmgëcogl maglmozlea ca A{odcud Iïeoa- edmoioulea dcu{d aw vlmdw eaw {oaw Uon{d d Dtf{ludw- agtrlea rdma lgutlm ud{{ou÷{oa ea O{l|td d ud{{lw r{÷xoilw# <77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtîça elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça
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ti vlmdcud ntd{{do{a- |td mtuat gai mdôdw d atu{lw fd{lw- gacwu{tot til oira{ulcud goeled gai l ljtel ed wìkoaw- rd{ga{{dt a itcea d wlot voua{oawa di itoulw klulmhlw# klulmhlw# Dwwdw edulmhdw wak{d l voel ed Nomnlidwh w÷ rted{li wd{ gachdgoeaw hajd- ra{|td rl{ud ea mov{a ed +uìktlw+ ed l{noml |td gacul l wtl howu÷{ol- dwg{oua hì gd{gl ed 5#222 lcaw- {dwowuot la udira# Cça fawwdi dwwdw {dnowuaw- |tdi wlkd{ol el dxowuêcgol edwwd ntd{{do{a1 Edraow elw rde{lw d elw +uìktlw ed l{noml+- a haidi rlwwat l twl{ a rlro{a# Dwwl rmlcul- gaiti ca Dnorua- d{l htidedgoel d mondo{lidcud lilwwlel- rl{l fogl{ gai til gacwow gacwowuê uêcgo cgoll rdnlch rdnlchawl awl## Edraow Edraow-- lw wtlw wtlw fok{l fok{lww d{li d{li u{lcî u{lcîlel lelww d gamagl gamaglelw elw rl{l rl{l wdgl{ wdgl{- r{aetzocea ti rlrdm {úwuoga# Itoulw gl{ulw d mov{aw fa{li dwg{ouaw di rlro{a# Twlcea Twlcea a gat{a gat{a ed lcoilowlcoilow- {lwrlea{lwrlea- mlvleamlvlea- dwuoglea dwuoglea d wdgawdga- a haidi haidi ocvdcuat ocvdcuat a rd{nliocha# D cça edia{at rl{l ud{ l oedol ed gawut{l{ vì{oaw rdelîaw ed rd{nliochafa{ilcea mov{aw {lzalvdmidcud rl{dgoeaw gai aw ed hajd# Clw famhlw ed gat{a- lwwoi gaia ca rlrdm el lgutlmoeled- dwg{dvol)wd ed ti mlea d ed atu{a# Owwa lgacudgdt dcu{d aw wïgtmaw OO d OV el cawwl d{l#
D{l el Udgcamanol Dmdgu{÷cogl Lw goêcgol goêcgolww- vêdi waf{dcea waf{dcea-- cdwud cdwud wïgtmawïgtma- til dxu{la{eo dxu{la{eocì{o cì{oll dvamtîça dvamtîça-- id{gê id{gê elw iì|toclw gokd{cïuoglw- ocvdculelw hì uça ratga udira- ilw |td r{aetzo{li- wdi eúvoel- til {dvamtîça ocwulcuëcdl- |td il{gl{ì dwud wïgtma- gaia a el govomozlîça gokd{cïuogl- cça ca wdcuoea ed wtkiowwça l dml- ilw ed eaioclîça wak{d dml# L gokd{cïuogl clwgdt gai Ca{kd{u ^odcd{ 5# Law u{êw u{êw lcaw lcaw-- mo moll d dwg{ dwg{dv dvol ol gai gai uaul uaulmm edwd edwdik ikl{ l{lî lîaan{le n{letl tlce cea) a)wd wd di Ilud Iludiì iìuo uogl gl## Law Law |toc |toczd zd lcaw lcaw-edeogat)wd law dwuteaw ed fomawafol d eatua{at)wd law edzaou edzaouaa lcaw# lcaw# Dwud Dwud ï a k{dvé k{dvéwwo wwoia ia rd{fo rd{fomm ea ndcolm ndcolm godcuowul |td vo{ol l u{lcwfa{il{ a itcea di |td vovd vovdia iaww- ua{c ua{clc lcea ea l vdma vdmago goel eled ed d l ocfa ocfa{i {ilî lîça ça dmdidcuaw ocwdrl{ìvdow el cavl goêcgol |td wt{nol# L rl{uo{ el eïglel eaw lcaw 52- ^odcd{ d atu{aw godcuowulw gacgmté{li |td +a gacjtcua ed r{akmdilw
Ca{kd{u ^odcd{
gdcu gdcu{l {lea eaww ca gacu gacu{a {amd md d cl gait gaitco cogl glîç îçaa- ulcu ulcuaa ca udgo udgoea ea vova vova gaia gaia cl iì|t iì|toc oclllr{dwdculvli til tcoeled dwwdcgolm#+ ^odcd{ - gai l lwwowuêcgol ea wdt n{tra ed gamdnlw5
Ca{kd{u Ca{kd{u ^odcd{ (;6 ed Cavdik{ Cavdik{aa- <8?5 <8?5 ) <8 ed Il{îaIl{îa-
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
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Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
gacu{okté{li rl{l gacwamoel{ l uda{ol el gaitcoglîça d ea gacu{amd- ulcua cl iì|tocl- gaia ca lcoilm# L Gokd{cïuogl- ï l goêcgol ea gacu{amd d el gaitcoglîça caw wd{dw vovaw- cl wagodeled d clw iì|toclw# U{lul)wd- cl vd{eled- ed til ocud{lgîça haidi ‗ wagodeled ‗ iì|tocl# ^odcd{ - roac roacdo do{a {a cdwu cdwull ì{dl ì{dl clwg clwgdc dcud ud-- {dga {dga{e {ell caw caw wdtw wdtw dwut dwutea eaww |td |td a vagì vagìkt ktma ma gokd{c gokd{cïu ïuog ogaa ed{ov ed{ovll ea n{dna n{dna ” `ykd{cdudw’ d dwuì dwuì ocuo ocuoili ilidcu dcudd mo monle nlell â rlmlv rlmlv{l {l ocn ocnmd mdwl wl ” navd{ca{’ navd{ca{’- |td r{ajdgul l oedol ed |tdi udi raed{dw ed edgowça- ca rmlca raméuoga- ulikïi udi lrmog lrmoglîç lîçaa- ca rmlca rmlca idgëco idgëcoga ga-- gaia gaia a idglcowia ed vìmvtml ltua ) ljtwuìvdm- |tdclw iì|toclw l vlra{- ilcuïi l vdmagoeled gacwulcu gacwulcudd wak vl{olelw vl{olelw gaceoîô gaceoîôdw# dw# Dwg{dvdtDwg{dvdtdi
Gokd{cïuogl (ea n{dna ΚτλδόιΣυξϋ woncofoglcea gacetua{- navd{clea{- romaua/ ï til udculuovl ed gair gair{d {ddc dced ed{{ l gait gaitco cogl glîç îça a d a gacu gacu{a {amd md ed iì|toclw- wd{dw vovaw d n{traw wagolow lu{lvïw ed lcl lclman manolw olw gai gai lw iì|t iì|toc oclw lw gokd gokd{{cïuo cïuogl glw w (haidawuluaw- wd{vaidglcowiaw- dug#/# Dwul Dwulw w lclm lclman anol olw w ua{c ua{cli li)w )wd d raww rawwév évdo doww- cl Gokd{c Gokd{cïuo ïuoglgl- ra{ dwul dwul dwutel dwutel{{ a u{luli u{lulidcu dcua a el ocfa{i ocfa{ilîç lîça a ca ocud{o ocud{oa{ a{ edwudw edwudw r{agdw r{agdwwaw waw gaia gaia gaeo gaeofo fogl glîç îça a d edwg edwgae aeof ofogl oglîç îçaa- {du{ {du{al algî gîça ça at {dlmoi {dlmoidcu dculîç lîça a (fddeklg` // - lr{d lr{dce ceoz ozln lndi di-- dug# dug# Wdntce Wdntcea a ^odcd{ ^odcd{ (
|tlcua rl{l a ilm- lwwoi |td l goêcgol- l ïuogl d l ia{lm lceli wdir{d jtculw# Gai dfdoua- l uïgcogl d l goêcgol edwroelw el ïuogl d el ia{lm gacetzo{ça a haidi la lkowia wdi {dua{ca#
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
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Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
GLROUTMA 7 ‗ UDGCAMANOLW ED OCFA[ILÎÇA D GAITCOGLÎÇA Gacgdoua4 Lw
Udgcamanolw
ed
Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça (UOG/
rae raedi di wd{ wd{ edfo edfoco coel elww gaia gaia ti gacjtcua ed uaelw lw lguovoeledw d wamtîôdw r{avoelw ra{ {dgt{waw ed gairtulîça#
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lrmoglîôdw rl{l UOG wça itoulw ) dwuça monlelw âw ilow eovd{wlw ì{dlw ) |td dxowudi vì{olw edfocoîôdw d cdcht cdchtil il gacwdn gacwdntd td edud edud{io {iocì) cì)ml ml ra{ gairmdua# A ud{ia Udgcamanol el Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça wd{vd rl{l edwoncl{ a gacjtcua ed {dgt{waw udgcam÷nogaw d gairtulgoaclow rl{l nd{lîça d twa el ocfa{ilîça d rd{iouo{ l gaitcoglîça# Ulikïi ï tuomozlea rl{l edwoncl{ a gacjtcua ed {dgt{waw cça htilcaw edeogleaw la l{ilzdclidcua- r{agdwwlidcua d gaitcoglîça el ocfa{ilîça- kdi gaia la iaea gaia dwwdw {dgt{waw dwuça a{nlcozleaw cti wowudil glrlz ed dxdgtul{ ti gacjtcua ed ul{dflw# Lw UOG UOG cça cça wd {dwu {dwu{o {ocn cndi di l d|to d|torl rlid idcu cuaw aw (hl{ (hl{e~ e~l{ l{d/ d/-- r{an r{an{l {lil ilww (waf (wafu~ u~l{ l{d/ d/ d gaitcoglîça ed eleaw# Dxowudi udgcamanolw {dmluovlw la rmlcdlidcua ed ocfa{iìuogl- la edwdcvamvoidcua ed wowudilw- la wtra{ud la wafu~l{d- law r{agdwwaw ed r{aetîça d ard{lîçala wtra{ud ed hl{e~l{d- dug# L wonml UOG- Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça- lk{lcnd uaelw lw lguovoeledw edwdcvamvoelw cl wagodeled gai {dgt{waw â ocfa{iìuogl# Ï l eoftwça wagolm el ocfa{ilîça di ml{nl dwglml ed u{lcwiowwça- l rl{uo{ ed wowudilw udgcam÷nogaw ocudmondcudw# A wdt lgdwwa raed wd{ ed eaiécoa rúkmoga at r{ovlea d cl r{dwulîça ed wd{voîaw elw ilow vl{olelw fa{ilw# L lrmoglîça- akudcîça- r{agdwwlidcua- l{ilzdclidcua l{ilzdclidcua d u{lcwiowwça ed eleaw ulikïi wça akjdgua ed dwutea clw UOG# A r{agdwwlidcua ed ocfa{ilîça- wdjl ed |td uora fa{- ï til lguovoeled ed oira{uëcgol gdcu{lm clw dgacaiolw ocetwu{olow lvlcîlelw ra{ dwul{ r{dwdcud di n{lced fa{îl di ì{dlw 4
Lelrulîça ed (huur:!!ru#~o`ordeol#a{n!~o`o!/
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
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Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
gaia foclcîlw foclcîlw-- rmlcdlid rmlcdlidcua cua ed u{lcwra{u u{lcwra{udwdw- edwoncedwonc - r{aetîça ed kdcw- lwwoi gaia cl oir{dcwl- clw lguovoeledw deoua{olow- ca {ìeoa d cl udmdvowça# A edwdcvamvoidcua glel vdz ilow {ìroea ed cavlw udgcamanolw ed ocfa{ilîça iaeofogat lw kokmoaudglw d aw gdcu{aw ed eagtidcu eagtidculîça lîça (r{ocgor (r{ocgorlow low maglow maglow ed l{ilzdcl l{ilzdclidcu idcuaa ed ocfa{ilî ocfa{ilîça/ ça/ ocu ocu{aetz {aetzocea ocea cavlw cavlw fa{ilw ed a{nlcozlîça d lgdwwa law eleaw l ak{lw l{ilzdclelw0 {detzot gtwuaw d lgdmd{at l r{aetîça eaw ja{clow d rawwokomouat l fa{ilîça ocwulcuëcdl ed {dedw udmdvowovlw ed ëikoua itceolm# Lmïi eowwa- ulm edwdcvamvoidcua flgomouat d ocudcwofogat l gaitcoglîça rdwwalm d ocwuoutgoaclm- lu{lvïw ed r{an{lilw ed r{agdwwlidcua ed udxua- ed fa{ilîça ed klwdw ed eleaw- kdi gaia ed udgcamanolw |td rd{ioudi l u{lcwiowwça ed eagtidcuaw- dcvoa ed idcwlndcw d l{|tovaw- lwwoi gaia gacwtmulw l gairtulea{dw {diauaw (vol {ded itceolow ed gairtulea{dwgairtulea{dw- gaia l ocud{cdu/# L eoftwça elw cavlw udgcamanolw ed ocfa{ilîça d gaitcoglîça u{atxd ulikïi oirlwwd d r{akm r{akmdil dilww- {dmlu {dmluova ovaww r{ocgo r{ocgorlm rlmidc idcud ud â r{ovlg r{ovlgoel oeled ed eaw oce oceové ovéeta etaww d la wdt eo{do eo{doua ua â ocfa{ilîça- raow aw goeleçaw nd{lmidcud cça uêi lgdwwa l n{lced |tlcuoeled ed ocfa{ilîça wak{d dmdw- {dgamhoelw ra{ ocwuoutoîôdw rl{uogtml{dw at rúkmoglw# Lw udgcamanolw el ocfa{ilîça d gaitcoglîça cça ocgmtdi waidcud gairacdcudw ed iì|tocl# Dxowudi udgcamanolw udgcamanolw ocudmdgutlow twlelw rl{l moel{ gai a gogma el ocfa{ilîça gaia: uïgcoglw ed gmlwwofoglîça- ra{ dxdirma- |td cça {d|td{di twa ed iì|toclw lrdclw ti dw|tdil# Dwud dw|tdil raed- ulikïi- wd{ ocgmtéea di ti wafu~l{d |td wd{ì twlea ilw owwa cça dmoiocl a flgua |td l uïgcogl jì dxowuol ocedrdcedcudidcud ea wafu~l{d# Lw udgcamanolw ed gmlwwofoglîça gmlwwofoglîça d a{nlcozlîça ed ocfa{ilîôdw ocfa{ilîôdw dxowudi edwed |td lw kokmoaudglw gaidîl{li l wd{ fa{ilelw# \tlm|td{ mov{a wak{d a{nlcozlîça a{nlcozlîça ed kokmoaudglw u{lz dwwlw udgcamanolw# udgcamanolw#
A Rlrdm elw UOG cl Wagodeled L Wagodeled edrdced ed til fa{il g{dwgdcud ea |td aw wowudilw ed ocfa{ilîça d gaitcoglîça wça glrlzdw ed flzd{# L oirmdidculîça ed til ocavlîça raed g{ol{ itelcîlw ca gaira{ulidcua- itelcîlw cl dwu{tu dwu{tut{l t{l el wagode wagodeled led-- caw wowud wowudilw ilw ed ndwuç ndwuçaa- uïgco uïgcogl glww d ca eaiéco eaiécoaa ed r{agdw r{agdwwaw waw learuleaw rdml wagodeled# Ilw l {dlgîça el wagodeled law edwlfoaw d akwuìgtmaw udi wd iawu{lea elw ilow vl{olelw fa{ilw: lmntilw lcudgorlcea)wd l itelcîl- atu{lw fdghlcea)wd# Lw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça edwdirdchli ti rlrdm eaioclcud d dwu{tut{lcud cl did{nd did{ndcud cud Wagod Wagodele eledd ed Ocfa{i Ocfa{ilîç lîçaa- wdcea wdcea {dwrac {dwracwìv wìvdow dow rdml rdml {trut {trut{l {l gai l vov vovêcg êcgol ol gl{lgud{éwuogl el wagodeled ocetwu{olm# <77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
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Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
Aw iïuaeaw d aw r{agdwwaw lwwagoleaw âw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça rd{iouo{li- dcu{d itouaw atu{aw lwrdguaw- {dfa{itml{ lguovoeledw- uça r{÷r{olw el gtmut{l eaw ravaw gaia l detglîça- ocga{ra{lcea cavlw lrmoglîôdw- cavlw lka{elndcw- cavlw fa{ilw ed lgutl{ |td gamoedi at |td- di lmntcw glwaw- gadxowudi- gai l r{ìuogl ocwuoutéel# A lgdw lgdwwa wa â ocfa ocfa{i {ilî lîça ça ctcg ctcgll dwud dwudvd vd uça uça r{÷x r{÷xoi oiaa ea goel goeleç eçaa lc÷c lc÷coi oia# a# Ctcg Ctcgll dxrd{oidcuìiaw til gaitcoglîça uça {ìroel d dfdguovl gaia l|tdml |td ï r{ara{goaclel rdmaw idoaw udgcam÷nogaw udgcam÷nogaw lgutlow # Gacutea- l {dlmoeled lgutlm rl{l l wagodeled ï atu{l- aced l iloa{ kl{{do{l ï jtwulidcud jtwulidcud a fmtxa el ocfa{ilîça# Edcu{a el cavl d{l el ocfa{ilîça- l wagodeled d a goeleça edvdi lr{dwdcul{)wd gaia til dwu{tut{l di {ded |td u{lcwgdced aw moioudw
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”u{lklmhlea{ ocudmdgutlm’# Law ratgaw- {dwu{oîôdw ed rl{uogorlîça uêi woea lkamoelw: a udira- l maglmozlîça ndan{ìfoglndan{ìfogl- gaceogoaclcudw la cévdm el edfogoêcgol féwogl- dug#- d cdwwd wdcuoea- lw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Gaitcoglîça r{ara{goacli- hajd- l ilow vlwul rawwokomoeled rawwokomoeled ed rl{uogorlîça rl{uogorlîça d ocud{vdcîça A twa ea gachdgoidcua- l nmaklmozlîça- lmolel â n{lced f{lnidculîça ed id{gleaw d l udgcamanol el ocfa{ilîça lwwagolel l ocf{l)dwu{tut{l eaw idoaw ed gaitcoglîça- gai gd{udzl wça aw flgua{dw edud{ioclcudw rl{l a wt{noidcua edwul cavl wagodeled#
U{lcwfa{ilîôdw cl Wagodeled Cdwul d{l r÷w)ocetwu{olm at r÷w)iaed{cl wt{not til cavl wagodeled- l wagodeled el ocfa{ilîça d ea gachdgoidcua- l wagodeled nmaklm di {ded# Lw u{lcwfa{ilîôdw wça dwu{tut{low d aga{{di ctil vdmagoeled oir{dwwoaclcud# A glroulm gdedt mtnl{ la gachdgoidcua# Uael l voel htilcl ï lfdgulel rdmaw {dfmdxaw ea itcea dmdgu{÷coga vo{utlm d elw cavlw udgcamanolw ed ocfa{i ocfa{ilî lîça ça d gaitco gaitcoglî glîça ça## Eofd{d Eofd{dcu cudw dw eoi eoidcw dcwôdw ôdw d rd{gd rd{gdrîô rîôdw dw ed udira udira d dwrlî dwrlîaa r{arogoli l gacwamoelîça ed cavaw rl{leonilw ca glira wagolm- gtmut{lm- r{afowwoaclm d
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
<5 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
detglgo detglgoaclm aclm## Lw a{nlcozlî a{nlcozlîôdw ôdw d navd{caw navd{caw dwuç dwuçaa wd {doc {docvd vdcu culc lcea ea rl{l rl{l ln{d ln{dnl nl{{ aw vlma{dw d lwro{lîôdw |td l wagodeled eonoulm {d|td{ Eofd{dcud Eofd{dcudww gdcì{oaw gdcì{oaw d rawwokom rawwokomoel oeledw edw edwga{uo edwga{uocli)w cli)wdd rl{l lw rdwwalwrdwwalw- fliémolw fliémolw-{dmonoôdw- a{nlcozlîôdw d navd{caw lu{lvïw el woikoawd el dmdgu{÷cogl iaed{cl gai l n{lced {ded itceolm ed gairtulea{dw ) l Ocud{cdu# L Ocud{cdu Ocud{cdu ï ti eaw r{aulnacow r{aulnacowulw ulw el wagodele wagodeledd nmaklmo nmaklmozlel zlel cl eowwdio eowwdioclîç clîçaa ed ocfa{ilî ocfa{ilîôdwôdw- |tdk{lce |tdk{lceaa f{acudo{l f{acudo{lww d kl{{do{lw kl{{do{lw oedam÷noglw d gacwamoelcea l ocud{lguovoeled |td fa{il til idcud gamdguovl at l wagodeled gamlka{luovl nmaklm# Lw ocfa{ilîôdw eonoulow |td go{gtmli cl +n{lced {ded+ etrmogli l glel u{êw idwdw- ocgmtocea udxuaw- wacw- véedaw- iúwoglw- n{ìfogaw d oilndcw# Ed fa{il g{dwgdcud a wd{ htilca ocga{ra{l a lgdwwa âw ocfa{ilîôdw d gachdgoidcuaw eonoulow rl{l vovd{- u{lklmhl{ d wd gaitcogl{# Di gacu{lracua gai a itcea féwoga- aced aw r{aetuaw wça moiouleaw d focouaw- vocgtmleaw l ti dwrlîa féwoga- ca itcea vo{utlm aw r{aetuaw wça omoiouleaw- cça wd dwnauli cdi wd edud{oa{li- raedcea dwul{ r{dwdcudw di vì{oaw mtnl{dw la idwia udira# Ca ëikoua el detglîç detglîçaa d la cév cévdm dm el gaitcoglîça gaitcoglîça-- lw Udgcamanolw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilî Ocfa{ilîça ça d Gait Gaitco cogl glîç îçaa lwwt lwwtid idi i ti rlrd rlrdmm ed r{oi r{oido do{a {a rmlc rmlcaa- g{ol g{olce ceaa gace gaceoî oîôd ôdww rl{l rl{l l ocud{clgoaclmozlîça el detglîça- wdcea eofégom rdcwl{ |td dwul raed{ol dxowuo{ wdi l|tdmlw# L wagodeled rd{idlel ra{ cavlw {dmlîôdw wagolow nmaklow d ra{ til gtmut{l gokd{cïuogl {d|td{ l ocga{ra{lîça d tuomozlîça elw udgcamanolw gacudira{ëcdlw cl detglîça- oirmoglcea ca {drdc {drdcwl{ wl{ elw r{ìuo r{ìuoglw glw rdeln rdeln÷no ÷nogl glww vondc vondcudw udw d ctil ctil cavl cavl gair{ gair{dd ddcwç cwçaa ea r{agd r{agdwwa wwa detglgoaclm d ea lgutlm iaedma ed gacwu{tîça ea gachdgoidcua ftcelidculea di lcuonaw rl{leonilw ed dcwoca d lr{dceozlndi r{dwdcudw cl iloa{ol elw dwgamlw ed uaeaw aw cévdow detglgoaclow#
Aw [dgt{waw Eonoulow
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
<4 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
Ca rl{le rl{leoni onill el wagod wagodel eled ed eon eonou oulm lm eofd{d eofd{dcu cudw dw udgca udgcama manol nolww dwuça dwuça n{letl n{letlmi midcu dcudd l gacvd{no{ d l rartml{ozl{di)wd ed ulm fa{il |td |tlm|td{ d|torlidcua dmdgu{÷coga raed gacud{ vì{olw udgcamanolw ocga{ra{lelwocga{ra{lelw- gaia ï a glwa ea r{÷r{oa gairtulea{ rdwwalm# Lmïi eaw gairtulea{dw d elw {dedw dmdgu{÷coglw- cavaw {dgt{waw eonoulow oid{ndi d ilwwofogli)wd gaia l oilndi eonoulm (fauan{lfolw/- l iúwogl eonoulm (GE- IR7/- a véeda eonoulm (EVE/- l UV eonoulm ed lmul edfocoîça (HEUV/- l {ìeoa eonoulm ([ìeoa Wluïmoud/- a mov{a eonoulm (dKaa`/ ( dKaa`/-- l ud{gdo{l nd{lîça ed udmdi÷vdow eonoulow (NWI!7N ‗ wowudil nmaklm rl{l udmdgaitcoglîça i÷vdm/- l dmdgu{÷cogl eonoulm ltu÷cail (vdégtmaw- ld{aclvdw- wluïmoudw/ d udgcamanolw ed r{agdwwlidcua i÷vdm ( ~o{dmdww~o{dmdww - rlmiuarw rlmiuarw- caudkaa`w# cdukaa`w/# cdukaa`w /# L Ocud{cdu lr{dwdcul)wd gaia a r{ocgorlm rac racua ua ed gacv gacvd{ d{nê nêcg cgol ol dcu{ dcu{dd aw {dgt {dgt{w {waw aw eonou eon oulow low## Owua Owua ï akwd{v akwd{vìvd ìvdmm di vì{ol vì{olww cavlw cavlw udgcamanolw |td wd{ça oir{dwgoceévdow rl{l l detglîça caw r{÷xoiaw udiraw# Ra{ dxdirmal UV ocud{lguovl (ra{ glka at wluïmoud/- |td ocga{ra{l l Ocud{cdu d- gacwd|tdcudidcud- aw wdtw wd{voîaw d raudcgolow# Rl{l Rl{l dvoul dvoul{{ l akwamd akwamdwgê wgêcgo cgoll eaw mo mov{a v{aww
L Ocud{cdu ï ti gacn gacnma maid id{l {lea ea ed {ded {dedw w di dwglml dwglml itceol itceolmm ed iomhôd iomhôdw w ed gairtu gairtulea lea{dw {dw ocud ocud{m {mon onle leaw aw rdma rdma R{au R{auag agam ama a ed Ocud Ocud{c {cdu du |td |td rd{ioud a lgdwwa l ocfa{ilîôdw d uaea uora ed u{lcwfd{êcgol ed eleaw# L Ocud{cdu ï l r{ocgorlm elw cavlw udgcamanolw ed ocfa{ilîça îça d gait gaitco cogl glîç îça a (CUO (CUOGw Gw/# /# La gacu gacu{ì {ì{o {oa a ea |td |td ca{ilmidcud wd rdcwl- Ocud{cdu cça ï woc÷coia ed ^a{me ^oed ^dk# Dwul ï rl{ud el|tdml- wdcea l ^a{me ^a{me ^oed ^oed ^dk^dk- |td tuomozl tuomozl hord{i hord{iïeo ïeol l cl fa{i fa{ilî lîça ça kìwo kìwogl gl-- ti eaw eaw itou itouaw aw wd{v wd{voî oîaw aw afd{dgoeaw cl Ocud{cdu# Ed lga{ea gai eleaw ed il{îa ed ;22>- l Ocud{cdu ï twlel ra{ <6-?$ el rartmlîça rartmlîça itceolm itceolmP
eoeìguog eoeìguogawaw- dwudw dwudw edvd{ça edvd{ça wd{ lgutlmoz lgutlmozìvdo ìvdoww eoclioglidcud rdml ^dk 6# Vì{o Vì{oaaw ltua tua{dw {dw jì dwuça l learu earull{ dwud wud wowu wowudi dill- ocfa ocfa{i {ilc lcea ea law law mdou mdoua{ a{dw dw ra{ ra{ d)il d)ilom om-wdir{d |td wt{ndi cavoeledw# Lmnt Lmntccw
r{af r{afddwwa wwa{dw {dw-
ra{
dxd dxdir irmma-
jì
eowracokomozli ocfa{ilîça vol ^dk rl{l aw lmtcaw d vogd)v vogd)vd{w d{wl# l# Cavaw Cavaw lg{ïw lg{ïwgo goiaw iaw d dwutea dwuteaww wça eowracokomozleaw rìnoclw rdwwalow# Atu{l arîça edvd{ì wd{ l l|towoîça l|towoîça ed lga{ea gai l cdgdwwoeled ea lmtca at el dwgaml- at wdjlmo mov{ v{aw aw gair gairmd mdua uaww akuo akuoea eaww vol vol ^dk^dk- kdi kdi gaia gaia glréutmaw ed mov{aw- at l gaikoclîça ed rl{udw ed vì{oaw mov{aw# 6
L ^a{me ^oed ^dk (+[ded ed lmglcgd itceolm+0 ulikïi gachdgoel gaia ^dk d ^^^/ ï ti wowudil ed eagtidcuaw di hord{monlîôdw |td wça ocud{monleaw d dxdgtuleaw cl Ocud{cdu# <77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
<6 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
Aw mov{aw dmdgu{÷cogaw (dKaa`w ( dKaa`w// dwuça l agtrl{ a wdt r{÷r{oa dwrlîa cl udol nmaklm# Eovd{wlw deoua{lw jì gaid{golmozli liklw lw vd{wôdw- ulcua l oir{dwwl |tlcua a dKaa` # Lrdwl{ ed cça fa{cdgd{di l idwil gaiaeoeled ed mdout{l |td l vd{wça oir{dwwl- a r{agdwwa ed gair{l d l{ilzdclidcua ï itoua ilow r{ìuoga#
Aw R{afdwwa{dw d Lmtcaw cl Wagodeled el Ocfa{ilîça Caw Caw úmu úmuoi oiaw aw lcawlcaw- dwrdgo dwrdgolm lmidc idcud ud l rl{uo rl{uo{{ ed
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
<> ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
Lw cavlw udgcamanolw eonoulow lk{di lw rawwokomoeledw rawwokomoeledw ea dcwoca u{leogoaclm u{leogoaclm rl{l l ltua) lr{dceozlndi rd{ilcdcud# Cdwudw likodcudw ed {dgt{waw eonoulow di {ded- itmuoiïeol d ocud{lguovaw- a rlrdm ea r{afdwwa{ u{leogoaclm ‗ dc|tlcua lndcud ed itelcîl ) ion{l ed lr{dwd lr{dwdcul culea{ ea{ ed ocfa{ ocfa{ilî ilîôdw ôdw d gachdg gachdgoid oidcua cuaww rl{l rl{l flgom flgomou oule lea{a{- utu utua{ a{ at a{odcu a{odculea lea{{ cl rdw|towl- ca lgdwwa d gair{ddcwça el ocfa{ilîça# L gacwu{tîça ea gachdgoidcua caw lmtcaw rlwwl rdma edwdcvamvoidcua ed ti cava dwré{oua g{éuoga cdgdwwì{oa rl{l clvdnl{ ca il{ ed ocfa{ilîôdw eowracévdow l ti ”gmo|td ea {lua’# Ï oira{ulcud d cdgdwwì{oa |td wdjli dmlka{leaw gacudúeaw r{an{liìuogaw |td flîli gai |td dwulw udgcamanolw wd ua{cdi ocwu{tidcuaw úudow ca dcwoca- a |td oirmogloirmogl- el rl{ud eaw r{afdwwa{dw- vaculed ed |tdwuoacl{ lw wtlw r{ìuoglw rdeln÷noglw# Dwud r{agdwwa {dvdml)wd itoua ilow r{÷xoia el voel {dlm ea |td aw iïuaeaw u{leogoaclow u{leogoaclow ed u{lcwiowwça ea wlkd{# Wdntocea l fomawafol el ediag{luozlîça el ocfa{ilîça cl n{lced {ded- aw r{afdwwa{dw dwuça l lwwtio{ l wtl gacu{oktoîça cl wagodeled el ocfa{ilîça lu{lvïw el gacwu{tîça ed rìnoclw rdwwalow# Dxu{lramlcea a twa ed d)ilom- l rtkmoglîça ed gacudúeaw rl{l aw wdtw lmtcaw d rl{l ocud{dwwleaw di nd{lm- ï til r{ìuogl learulel ed fa{il g{dwgdcud# g{dwgdcud# A ^dkwoud ea r{afdwwa{ ï l wtl ra{ul ed gaitcoglîça gai a itcea- aced dmd raed dxra{ d gacu{okto{ gai wtlw oedolw- aced aw wdtw lmtcaw ktwgli ocfa{i ocfa{ilîô lîôdw dw elw wtlw wtlw eowgo eowgorm rmocl oclww- aced aced atu{aw lmtcaw- r{afdwwa{dw d rlow ulikïi rae raedi di ud{ ud{ lgdw lgdwwa wa## Lw fd{{l fd{{lid idcu culw lw ed ktwgl
ocedxli
dwwdw
gacudúeaw
d
flgom flgomou ouli li |td glel glel r{afdw r{afdwwa{ wa{ wdjl wdjl ilow ilow gach gachdg dgoe oeaa catu catu{l {lww dwga dwgaml mlww- d catu catu{l {lww {dnoôdw ndan{ìfoglw# A ^dkwoud rdwwalm ï til cdgdwwoeled {dlm rl{l aw r{afdwwa{dw |td dwuça iocowu{lcea gt{waw lu{lvïw ea twa ed udgcamanolw di {ded# Idwia caw gt{waw r{dwdcgolow tcovd{wouì{oaw tcovd{wouì{oaw aw lmtcaw ocud{lndi gai wdtw r{afdwwa{dw rdml ^dk^dk- u{aglcea ocfa{ilîôdw lu{lvïw ed mowulw ed d)ilom d garolcea eagtidcuaw eovd{waw caw ^dkwoudw rdwwalow#
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
<8 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
GLROUTMA 5 ) GACWOED[LÎÔDW FOCLOW: Gacwoe Gacwoed{a d{a dwud dwud u{lklm u{lklmha ha oi oira{ ra{ul ulcu cudd- rao raoww gacuï gacuïi i ocfa{i ocfa{ilîô lîôdw dw dwwdcg dwwdcgol olow ow rl{l rl{l a lr{oia{lidcua ea gachdgoidcua- cl fa{il |td edwgak{oiaw gaia utea owwa dwuì {dmlgoaclea gai a lrl{dgoidcua el ocfa{ilîça d el gaitcoglîça- el flml- el dwg{oul- el oir{dcwlgacwd|tdcudidcud aw mov{aw- d di wdntoel fao l vdz eaw lrl{dmhaw dmdgu{÷cogaw# Wdir{d gacvovdiaw eolcud ed eovd{waw r{agdwwaw |td uêi dvamtéea- ra{ïi- cça caw lrd{gdkdiaw- ed |td dmdidcuaw ea cawwa eol)l)eol- gaia l flml- wd{ gacwoed{lea ti ocwu{tidcua udgcam÷noga dvamtéea# Udcudo gai dwud u{lklmha dxrmogl{ a gacgdoua el udgcamanol d |tlow aw wdtw eovd{waw uo uora raww- gaia gaia a haid haidi i wd lelr lelrua uatt l dwud dwudww r{ag r{agdw dwwa waww ed ti till fa{i fa{ill {ìro {ìroel el d gml{ gml{ll r{ocgorlmidcud- cl d{l eonoulm d el Ocud{cdu- di |td hì lr{axoilelidcud edz lcaw lu{ìw rat rat|t |téw éwwo woil ilww rdww rdwwal alww uo uoch chll lgdw lgdwwa wa â n{lc n{lced ed {ded {ded-- ra{ï ra{ïii- hajd hajd lw gaow gaowlw lw it itel el{l {lii r{luoglidcud uaelw lw rdwwalw jì uovd{li gaculgua gai l Ocud{cdu- owua edvoea â nmaklmozlîça# L r{dwdcîl elw Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça cl Ocud{clgoaclmozlîça flz) wd di eaow cévdow: L ti cévdm ilow r{aftcea- ed itelcîl el r{÷r{ol dwu{tut{l el Wagodeled- gacvd{udcea l wagodeled ocetwu{olm cl Wagodeled ed Ocfa{ilîça (el edwilwwofoglîça- el edwgdcu{lmozlîçael ocud{vdcîça rl{uogorlel d ocud{lguovl- el lgîça ocfa{ilel- ea dwgml{dgoidcua dwgml{dgoidcua d ea lgdwwa â ocfa{ilîça/- gacu{oktocea rl{l l lgdmd{lîça el nmaklmozlîça el dgacaiol- l lr{axoilîça d a dcgacu{a ed gtmut{lw0 a lvlcîa godcuéfoga d a edwdcvamvoidcua wtwudculea0 L ti cévdm ilow r{÷xoia d oideolua- ea |tauoeolca ed uaeaw c÷w- gacu{oktocea- ea rac racua ua ed vowu vowull uïgc uïgcog ogaa- gai gai idoa idoaww d {dgt {dgt{w {waw aw |td |td wça wça tuom tuomoz ozle leaw aw ca r{ag r{agdw dwwa wa el ocud{clgoaclmozlîça el detglîça# Lw dwgamlw dwuça l {docvdcul{)wd |tlcea ocga{ra{li l Ocud{cdu d lw udmdgaitcoglîôdw caw wdtw r{agdwwaw detglgoaclow# Wd aw rl{leonilw ea ”ud{ d rawwto{’ itel{li rl{l a ”wlkd{ d gachdgd{’ gai a levdcua el wagodeled ea gachdgoidcua d elw cavlw udgcamanolw eonoulow- ï ilow gacwu{tuovl l eowgtwwça di gaia uo{l{ r{avdoua edwwl {o|tdzl |td wd lr{dwdcul rl{l l detglîça ea |td l woirmdw ocgair{ddcwça at gacudwulîça# L wagodeled el ocfa{ilîça gacuoctl{ì l lvlcîl{ ocedrdcedcudidcud eaw {dul{eluì{oaw# Cavlw Cavlw ul{df ul{dflw lw d iowwôd iowwôdww rl{l rl{l lw dwgaml dwgamlww d r{afd r{afdwwa wwa{dw {dw gacf{a gacf{acul culi i a edwlf edwlfoa oa ed u{lcwfa{il{ l dwgaml ctil elw r{ocgorlow gamtclw el wagodeled ea gachdgoidcua: •
U{lcwfa{il{ l dwgaml cti mtnl{ ilow lu{ldcud rl{l aw dwutelcudw- afd{dgdcea) mhdw lw ghlvdw rl{l til gair{ddcwça vd{eledo{l el wagodeled ed ocfa{ilîça0
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw •
U{lcwfa{il{ l dwgaml cti mtnl{ ed lr{dceozlndi- di vdz ed ti dwrlîa aced a r{afdwwa{ wd moioul l u{lcwiouo{ gachdgoidcuaw la lmtca#
•
U{lcwfa{il{ l dwgaml cti dwrlîa aced wça flgtmuleaw aw idoaw rl{l gacwu{to{ a gachdgoidcua- luoutedw d vlma{dw d le|to{o{ gairduêcgolw#
Ï gai dwud racua ed vowul |td dcgd{{a a idt u{lklmha- gai l gacwgoêcgol ed |td gai gd{udzl dwud u{l{ì ti foi detgluova rl{l aw mdoua{dw ea udxua#
<77<2 ‗ Iì{oa Iocdo{a
L [dvamtî amtîç ça el elw Udg Udgcam camanol nolw ed Oc Ocfa{ fa{ilîça d Gait aitcog coglîç lîça
;2 ! ;;
Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça Mécntl Ra{utntdwl Dwgaml Wtrd{oa{ ed Udgcamanol ed Lk{lcudw
[dfd{êcgolw Kokmoan{ìfoglw: Rdw|towl: Nlovça- Júmoa ) Udgcamanolw ed Ocfa{ilîça d Gaitcoglîça d lrmoglîça ca u{doca dir{dwl{olm #(wdi #(wdi maglm d wdi elul/ L{uonaw: F{lcga- Iì{oa ) Lw Udgcaman Udgcamanolw olw ed Ocfa{ilîç Ocfa{ilîçaa d l Ocud{clg Ocud{clgoacl oaclmozl mozlîça îça el Detglîça# Detglîça# Mowkal: FEUO (wdi elul/ L{uona: [dzdced- Edcow ) Dvamtîça el Udgcamanol el Ocfa{ilîça caw Úmuoiaw 54 Lcaw [dvowul FLD Ktwocdww c{ 5- ;22; Gacfd Gacfd{êc {êcgo gol: l: K{oua K{oua-- Jawï Jawï (R{af/ (R{af/ ) L [dva [dvamt mtîç îçaa el Udgc Udgcam aman anol ol ed Ocfa Ocfa{i {ilî lîça ça cl Detglîça-[dgofd Detglîça- [dgofd- OOO Gacn{dwwa ed detglea{dwdetglea{dw- ;22;#
