DZVZU JYLQJHCQKUK ULUQJHLEK VJALCQYLEK
Vjalctrle systjhle dupus jrytnjhctksus Cgojdk ]kdl, Olcgbrcgek Bjrrceelkdl
AJBLGL]LKGJ
Ld dupus jrltjhctksk slstjhlek (DJU) î ugc hcdcttlc lgchhctkrlc erkglec ca jzlkdkolc sekgkselutc j c pctkojgjsl cutklhhugltcrlc, ecrcttjrlzzctc acdd“lgtjrjsschjgtk al hkdtl krocgl ja cppcrctl j lg pcrtlekdcrj, pjr prjvcdjgzc j orcvltæ, dc eutj, dj crtlekdczlkgl j ld slstjhc husekdk-senjdjtrlek, dj sljrksj, ld rjgj, ld slstjhc gjrvksk, ld eukrj, eukrj , l pkdhkgl j acddc ilkslgtjsl al hkdtjpdlel cutkcgtlekrpl, trc l qucdl qujddl vjrsk cgtlojgl guedjcrl. Ld DJU gjl ichilgl î bkgachjgtcdhjgtj b kgachjgtcdhjgtj dc stjssc hcdcttlc ajdd“caudtk ekg dj stjssj hcglbjstczlkgl hcglbjstczl kgl edlglenj j ekg dj stjssj cdtjrczlkgl al dcikrctkrlk, hc d“cpprkeelk alcogkstlek j tjrcpjutlek ajvj tjgjr ekgtk ajdd“lhpcttk ajddc hcdcttlc j ajddc tjrcplc suddc erjseltc j suddk svlduppk slek j pslekdkolek pslekdkolek..
JVLAJHLKDKOLC
Î ugc hcdcttlc rcrc enj ekdplsej : pjr hldlkgj al ichilgl d“cggk. Ul stlhc enj gjodl Utctl Zgltl vl slcgk :-36 hldc ichilgl cbbjttl ac DJU j enj ld 3:-3?% ajl pczljgtl ekg DJU ciilc cvutk d“jskralk ajddc hcdcttlc aurcgtj d“lgbcgzlc. d“lgbcgzl c. Gjl ichilgl, lg eul odl jbbjttl jbbjttl krhkgcdl skgk hlglhl ld rcppkrtk B=H î 5=3 j sjiijgj dc hcdcttlc pkssc hcglbjstcrsl hcglb jstcrsl ca kogl jtæ, î plü brjqujg brjqujgtj tj akpk l : cggl j dc prjvcd prjvcdjgzc jgzc cuhjg cuhjgtc tc akpk dc prlhc ajecaj al vltc. D“lgelajgzc D“lgelajgzc j dc sjvjrltæ ajd DJU gjdd“lgbcgzlc vcrlcgk c sjekgac ajddj vcrlj rczzj j actl prjdlhlgcrl lgalecgk ug“lgelajgzc ug“lgelaj gzc cggucdj al 6.52 ecsl pjr 366.666 lg skoojttl ecgcajsl j ug“lgelajgzc al 6.5?-6.< ecsl pjr 366.666 lg skoojttl gdcgajsl, hjgtrj gjodl Utctl Zgltl î stctk kssjrvctc
ug“lgelajgzc cggucdj al 6.:5-6.26 pjr 366.666 skoojttl lg jtæ lgbcgtldj. J]LK VCQKOJG JUL J B LULKVC LULKVCQKDKO QKDKO LC
Dc ecusc ajd DJU î sekgkselutc, hc î prkicildj ug“krlolgj hudtlbcttkrlcdj ajddc hcdcttlc enj ekhprjgaj bcttkrl ojgjtlel, krhkgcdl, chiljgtcdl j lhhugkdkolel.
Rl î ugc jdjvctc ekgekracgzc al DJU trc ojhjddl hkgkzloktlel (31-:?%) j ld :-39% al pcrjgtl al skoojttl ekg DJU î cbbjttk acddc hcdcttlc. Qrc l pczljgtl ekg DJU sl kssjrvc ugc hcoolkrj brjqujgzc al hcr`jrs ojgjtlel spjelel rlspjttk cddc pkpkdczlkgj ojgjrcdj enj lgeduakgk= NDC-I>0 NDC-AY90 NDC-AY50 AS_30 ajelt al E90 ajelt al E3q0 ajelt al E10 icssl dlvjddl al rjejttkrj-3(EY3) ajd ekhpdjhjgtk0 cdeugl cddjdl ajd rjejttkrj Be0 pkdlhkrshl al vcrlj eltkenlgj j al rjejttkrl al eltkenlgj.
Odl krhkgl sjssucdl gkg ecuscgk ld DJU, hc pksskgk prjalspkrrj cddc hcdcttlc. Dc ecrcttjrlstlec ajd pczljgtj ekg DJU, hcsenlk k bjhhlgc, î ugc rjdctlvc ajeljgzc al cgarkojgl ja ug cuhjgtk ajodl jstrkojgl. Ukgk stctl
kssjrvctl gkrhcdl dlvjddl al jstrkojgl, hc rlakttl dlvjddl al tjstkstjrkgj lg rcoczzl j rcoczzj ekg DJU akpk dc puijrtæ. L rcool udtrcvlkdjttl I ajtjrhlgcgk dc bktk-ksslaczlkgj j dc ajorcaczlkgj ajorca czlkgj ajd AGC c dlvjddk ajddj ejddudj ajddc eutj, cuhjgtcgakgj dc lhhugkoj-
gleltæ ja lgauekgk d“cpkptksl ajl enjrctlgkeltl. Gjd prkejssk al cpkptksl ld AGC î ajorcactk c guedjkskhl, enj skgk lhpkrtcgtl lgauttkrl ajodl CGC. Aurcgtj d“cpkptksl dj Idjis enj ekgtjgokgk sgYGVs ekhj Yk/ UUC al :9@A, vjgokgk jspkstj suddc supjrelj ejddudcrj j ld hctjrlcdj guedjcrj puù alvjgtcrj eksä, lhhugkojgk. L rcool udtrcvlkdjttl I lgauekgk d“jsprjsslkgj al LECH-3 ac pcrtj ajl enjrctlgkeltl ja cuhjgtcgk dc prkauzlkgj al LD-> j QGBc c dlvjddk ajdd“jplajrhlaj.
Ld rukdk al cojgtl lgbjttlvl gjddc pctkojgjsl ajd DJU gkg î enlcrk. Jdjvctl tltkdl al cgtlekrpl cgtlvlrus al Jpstjlg-Icrr, Eltkhjocdkvlrus k Njrpjs vlrus prkicildhjgtj rljttkgk d“cttlvczlkgj pkdledkgcdj ajddj ejddudj I pluttkstk enj lgbjzlkgl vlrcdl spjelenj. Cdeugl bcrhcel pksskgk ajtjrhlgcrj ug dupus k cdtjrczlkgl slhld-duplenj
enj albbjrlsekgk acd dupus lalkpctlek pjr ld bcttk al jssjrj alpjgajgtl acddc prjsjgzc ajd bcrhcek j al sekhpcrlrj al skdltk cddc suc skspjgslkgj. L bcrhcel enj plü ekhugjhjgtj pksskgk acrj hcglbjstczlkgl edlglenj j sljrkdkolenj ajd DJU skgk d“larcdczlgc, d“lskglczlaj, dc pjglelddlgc, dj sudbkgchlal, l ijtc-cokglstl j odl cgtlekgvudslvcg cgtlekgvudslvcgtl. tl. Gjdd DJ Gj DJU U vl î ug ug“c “cuh uhjg jgtc tctc tc js jspr prjs jssl slkg kgjj aj ajdd ddjj bu bugz gzlk lkgl gl aj ajll dl dlgb gbke kelt ltll I, pk pkle lenì nì
cdeugj hcglbjstczlkgl edlglenj, ekhj d“cgjhlc jhkdltlec, dc trkhikeltkpjglc j dj cdtjrczlkgl ajddc ekcoudczlkgj skgk hjalctj ac cgtlekrpl j dc gjbrltj j dc vcseudltj skgk hjalctj ac lhhugkekhpdjssl. Ld guhjrk ajl dlgbkeltl I î
cuhjgtctk gjl pczljgtl ekg DJU cttlvk j ajtjrhlgc ug“cuhjgtctc prkauzlkgj al cgtlekrpl enj aæ krlolgj cdd“lpjrochhcodkiudlgjhlc. LoO cgtl-asAGC skgk ecrcttjrlstlenj ajd DJU j pksskgk krlolgcrj ac ug“cttlvczlkgj pkdledkgcdj I-
ejddudcrj lgakttc ac vlrus k icttjrl k acddc prjsjgtczlkgj cd slstjhc lhhugltcrlk al ekhpdjssl AGC-prktjlgc ekgtjgutl gjl guedjkskhl k gjddc erkhctlgc.
D“lhpkrtcgzc ajddc bkrhczlkgj b krhczlkgj al lhhugkekhpdjssl gjddc pctkojgjsl pc tkojgjsl ajddc hcdcttlc î tjstlhkglctc acd bcttk enj cdeugj hcglbjstczlkgl ajd DJU skgk slhldl c qujddj ajddc hcdcttlc ac sljrk enj î akvutc c lhhugkekhpdjssl,
acdd“cttlvczlkgj ajd ekhpdjhjgtk j acdd“lpkekhpdjhjgtjhlc aurcgtj dj bcsl al cttlvltæ j acddc alhkstrczlkgj al lhhugkekhpdjssl lhhugkekhpdjssl gjd sljrk j gjl tjssutl. Zgc pksslildj lgsubeljgtj edjcrcgej ajodl lhhugkekhpdjssl ac
pcrtj ajd slstjhc rjtlekdk-jgaktjdlcdj, rjtlekdk-jgaktjdlcdj, gjl gjl pczljgtl ekg DJU, î akvutc cl icssl dlvjddl ajl rjejttkrl EY3 ajd ekhpdjhjgtk suddc supjrelj ejddudcrj j cddc prjsjgzc al rjejttkrl c icssc cbgltæ pjr LoO9 (BEo). D“cttlvc D“cttlvczlkgj zlkgj ajddc ecsectc ajd ekhpdjhjgtk ojgjrc dc bkrhczlkgj al E5c, E:c enj cttlrcgk djuekeltl j hcerkbcol j lggjsecgk l bjgkhjgl ajdd“lgchhczlkgj. L icssl dlvjddl al E1 j E5 j dc alhkstrczlkgj al ekhpkgjgtl ajd ekhpdj -
hjgtk gjl ekhpdjssl lhhugl c dlvjddk odkhjrudcrj lgalecgk d“cttlvczlkgj ajddc vlc edcsslec j ajddc vlc cdtjrgctlvc ajd ekhpdjhjgtk gjddj djslkgl rjgcdl. Dc ajpkslzlkgj al lhhugkekhpdjssl gjodl spczl suijgaktjdlcdl gjl pdjssl ekrklajl, puù ekgtrliulrj cdd“jgejbcdkpctlc duplec lgtjrbjrjgak ekg dc elrekdczlkgj ajd dlqulak ejrjirksplgcdj. L pczljgtl ekg DJU pksskgk jssjrj gjutrkpjglel, hc dc ecpceltæ bugzlkgcdj bugzlkgcd j ajl gjutrkdl î gkrhcdj. Ukgk stctl ajserlttl, pjrù, ecsl al ichilgl ekg hcdcttlc erkglec orcgudkhctksc lg eul vl î ug albjttk ajddc ecpceltæ al `lddlgo icttjrlec ictt jrlec ajl gjutrk gjutrkdl, dl, enj ncggk ncggk cgenj cgenj hcglb hcglbjstc jstczlkgl zlkgl slhl slhld-dup d-duplenj. lenj.
L pczljgtl ekg DJU cttlvk ncggk ugc dlgbkeltkpjglc Q ja î alhkstrctk ugk snlbt acddj ejddudj Qn6 cddj Qn9 ekg prkauzlkgj prkauzlkgj al LD-1,LD-:,LD-2 LD-1,LD-:,LD -2 j LD-36 enj suppkrtcgk d“cttlvczlkgj dlgbkeltcrlc I. D“jsprjsslkgj al Ied-9, ug ojgj enj prkhukvj dc skprcvvlvjgzc ejddudcrj, ejddudcrj, î
cuhjgtctc gjddj ejddudj Q ajd scgouj pjrlbjrlek al skoojttl ekg e kg DJU j ekrrjdc ekg d“cttlvltæ al hcdcttlc. D“jsprjsslkgj ajddc prktjlgc Bcs î cuhjgtctc pcrtlekdcrhjgtj gjddj ejddudj Q EA>+, ajtjrhlgcgak d“cuhjgtk ajdd“cpkptksl
al qujstj ejddudj j ugc dlgbkeltkpjglc. Zgc hutczlkgj ajd ojgj Bcs î stctc ajserlttc gjl ichilgl ekg pctkdkolj dlgbkprkdlbjrctlvj, hc cppcrj jssjrj rcrc gjd DJU. Zg cddugochjgtk ajddc vltc al ejddudj prklgchhctkrlj pktrjiij
pkrtcrj cdd“ pkrtcrj cdd“cttlv cttlvczlk czlkgj gj al hcdc hcdcttlc ttlc hjg hjgtrj trj ug“c ug“cuhj uhjgtct gtctcc cpk cpkptks ptksll pktr pktrjiij jiij pkrtcrj pkrt crj cdd“jspk cdd“jspkslzl slzlkgj kgj al cgtlojgl cgtlojgl guedjc guedjcrl rl gjddj idjis idjis cpkptktl cpkptktlenj enj j gjl guedjkskhl stlhkdcgak dc bkrhczlkgj al cutkcgtlekrpl. EDLGLEC
Dj hcglbjstczlkgl lglzlcdl plü ekhugl ajd DJU lg jtæ pjalctrlec skgk rcpprjsjgtctj ac slgtkhl slstjhlel ekhj bjiirj, hcdjssjrj, ecdk pkgajrcdj, rcddjgtchjgtk gjddc erjseltc. Vuù ekhpcrlrj crtrltj ajddj pleekdj crtlekdczlkgl crtlekdczl kgl j eklgvkdolhjgtk rjgcdj, hjgtrj ld edcsslek rcsn hcdcrj puù jssjrj cssjgtj gjl auj-tjrzl ajl pczljgtl. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK EZQCGJK J HZEKUK
D“jrltjhc —c bcrbcddc‘ ajd vkdtk sl hcglbjstc ac ug tjrzk cddc hjtæ ajl pczljgtl cdd“jskralk. Î ecrcttjrlstlechjgtj slhhjtrlek, eklgvkdojgak eklgvkdojgak dj
jhlgjgzj hcdcrl j dj cdl ajd gcsk, dljvjhjgtj rldjvctk j ajhcrectk. Vuù jssjrj sectjgctk acdd“jspkslzlkgj cd skdj. Cdtrj hcglbjstczlkgl eutcgjj
al tlpk hceudkpcpudcrj, pcrtlekdcrhjgtj su crjj bktkjspkstj, pksskgk jssjrj jsprjsslkgj al vcseudltj, eksä ekhj d“jrltjhc pjrlugoujcdj, dc dlvjak rjtlekdcrj k dc pkrpkrc pcdpcildj. Dj djslkgl ajd dupus eutcgjk suiceutk lglzlcgk ekhj pcpudj enj jvkdvkgk lg djslkgl cgudcrl acl ikral rldjvctl r ldjvctl j pksskgk kssjrvcrsl suddc bceelc, sud trkgek j suodl crtl. D“jrltjhc pjrlugoujcdj rljttj dc aldctczlkgj j dc tkrtuksltæ tk rtuksltæ ajl ecplddcrl suiugoujcdl, hjgtrj dc dlvjak rjtlekdcrj, enj sl kssjrvc pcrtlekdcrhjgtj cddj jstrjhltæ lgbjrlkrl rljttj d“cttlvltæ al hcdcttlc ja î csskelctc cddc
prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal. cgtlbksbkdlplal. Dj djslkgl alseklal skgk pkek brjqujgtl gjl ichilgl j sl kssjrvcgk plü brjqujgtjhjgtj lg qujddl al rczzc gjrc. Ncggk ugc alstrliuzlkgj cslhhjtrlec
sud euklk ecpjddutk k suodl crtl j skgk hcglbjstczlkgl pcpudksquchksj enj oucrlsekgk ekg ctrkc, electrlzzczlkgj j cdtjrczlkgj ajddc plohjgtczlkgj
j pksskgk csskelcrsl ca cdkpjelc dkecdlzzctc. dkecdlzzctc . Zg“cdkpjelc ecrcttjrlzzctc ecrcttjrlzzc tc ac ug albbusk alrcachjgtk ajl ecpjddl sl csskelc cddc hcdcttlc cttlvc. Dj djslkgl ikddksj skgk lgbrjqujgtl j ld dupus prkbugaus î stctk ajserlttk rcrchjgtj. Sucdenj ichilgk hkstrc udejrczlkgl ajddc hueksc krcdj, enj skgk lgakdjgtl, supjrelcdl j sud pcdctk aurk. Zgc stkhctltj cbtksc î plü brjqujgtj, hc cspjelec. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK HZUEKDKUENJDJQYLEK Crtrcdolj ja crtrltj skgk prjsjgtl gjddc hcoolkr pcrtj
ajl ichilgl ekg DJU. D“crtrltj D“crtrltj puù jssjrj hlorcgtj, al irjvj aurctc j eklgvkdojrj hcgl, pkdsl, okhlt okhltl,l, spcddj, olgkee olgkeenlc nlc j ecvlod ecvlodlj. lj. Vuù kssjrv kssjrvcrsl crsl tjgksl tjgkslgkvltj gkvltj ajd akrsk ajddj hcgl j ajl pkdsl. D“crtrltj D“crtrltj nc hlglhl cspjttl al prkdlbjrczlkgj slgkvlcdj j gkg î jrkslvc. Zg“crtrltj al tlpk Mceekua, ecrcttjrlzzctc ac suidussczlkgj rjvjrslildj akvutc c tjgkslgkvltj, sl csskelc cddc prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtl Z3YGV.
Hlcdolj ja cstjglc husekdcrj skgk ecrcttjrlstlenj ajodl stctl ceutl al hcdcttlc. L olkvcgl pczljgtl ekg DJU ncggk ug rlsenlk jdjvctk al kstjkgjerksl, spjelcdhjgtj sj skgk stctl trcttctl pjr dugok pjrlkak ekg stjrklal. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK JHCQKDKOLEK L ichilgl ekg DJU pksskgk prjsjgtcrj, g acdd“lglzlk, plcstr plcstrlgkpjgl lgkpjglc, c,
cgjhlc jhkdltlec j pjrslstjgtj djuekpjglc j dc prjsjgzc al qujstj cdtjrczlkgl lg ug ichilgk akvrjiij lhhjalctchjgtj pkrtcrj cddc rlejrec ajodl CGC j ajddj cdtrj hcglbjstczlkgl ajd DJU. L pczljgtl ekg DJU
pjalctrlek pksskgk pksskgk cvjrj cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal cgtlbksbkdlplal k ug tjst pksltlvk pjr
cttlvltæ dupus cgtlekcoudcgtj j prjsjgtcrj dk stjssk rlsenlk al alskralgl ajddc ekcoudczlkgj ajodl caudtl. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK YJGCDJ
Zgc gjbrltj edlglechjgtj jvlajgtj sl hcglbjstc lg cdhjgk ld ?:% al ichilg ich ilgll ekg ek g DJU DJ U j puù pu ù jssjrj jss jrj plü br brjqu jqujgt jgtjj j plü pl ü orcvj orc vj gjl gj l ichil ic hilgl gl enj gjodl caudtl. Vuù hcglbjstcrsl ekg jhcturlc j prktjlgurlc cdd“jschj al rkutlgj ajddj urlgj k ekg slgarkhj gjbrktlec k lgsubeljgzc rjgcdj ceutc. Ukttk d“cspjttk lstkdkolek sl rlekgksekgk 2 edcssl al eklgvkdolhjgtk rjgcdj gjd DJU= • Edcssj L (gkrhcdj) • Edcssj LL (hjscgolcdj)
― LL c ajpksltl hjscgolcdl ekg HJ j LB ― LL i ajpksltl hjscgolcdl, lpjrejddudcrltæ j hctrlej hjscgolcdj • Edcssj LLL (odkhjrudkgjbrltj prkdlbjrctlvc bkecdj) ― Lgtjrjssc ― :6% supjrelj ajl odkhjrudl j ajddj cgsj ecplddcrl0 lpjrejddudcrltæ, ajpksltl hjscgolcdl j skttkjgaktjdlcdl, +/-gjerksl • Edcssj LR (odkhjrudkgjbrltj prkdlbjrctlvc albbusc) ― Kdtrj ld :6% ajl odkhjrudl, lpjrejddudcrltæ, +/-gjerksl, +/-sjhldugj, vcrlcildj sedjrksl, ajpksltl hjscgolcdl, skttkjgaktjdlcdl (j +/-skttk -
jpltjdlcdl) ― Cspjttk wlrj dkkp cd HK • Edcssj R (odkhjrudkgjbrltj hjhircgksc) ― Albbusk j lrrjokdcrj lspjsslhjgtk ajddc hjhircgc icscdj, ajpksltl
hjscgolcdl j skttkjpltjdlcdl • Edcssj RL (sedjrksl odkhjrudcrj) ― Lcdlgksl odkhjrudcrj, ctrkc tuiudcrj, irksl lgtjrstlzlcdj, rcrl k cssjgtl ajpksltl LE.
Zgc odkhjrudkgjbrltj prkdlbjrctlvc albbusc sl hcglbjstc lg elrec ld 96% al tuttl l ichilgl ekg DJU skttkpkstl c ilkpslc rjgcdj. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK AJD ULUQJHC GJYRKUK EJGQYCDJ
Î sjekgak cddc gjbrltj ekhj ecusc al hkrildltæ j hkrtcdltæ, sl hcglbjstc gjd 96-16 pjr ejgtk ajl ichilgl ekg DJU j puù jssjrj prjsjgtj cdd“jskralk cdd“j skralk ajddc hcdcttlc. Dj hcglbjstczlkgl gjurkpslenlctrlenj gjurkpslenlctrlenj skgk dj plü ekhugl j lgeduakgk ajprjsslkgj, albekdtæ al ekgejgtrczlkgj j al hjhkrlc j psleksl ekg cdduelgczlkgl cdduelgczlkgl j pcrcgklc. Alsturil al tlpk ekogltlvk pksskgk jssjrj prjsjgtl lg kdtrj ld :6 pjr ejgtk
ajl ichilgl j cakdjsejgtl ekg DJU, tjstlhkglctj acdd“cdtjrczlkgj al tjsts pslekhjtrlel0 lgkdtrj ugc hcdcttlc al dugoc aurctc puù ceekhpcogcrsl c
ug plü icssk qukzljgtj al lgtjddlojgzc.
Hcglbjstczlkgl jpldjttlenj pksskgk jssjrj keecslkgcdhjgtj d“lglzlcdj hcglbjstczlkgj al ug dupus pjalctrlek. Ukgk ojgjrcdlzzctj j plü rcrchjgtj bkecdl. Djslkgl lsenjhlenj ejrjircdl pksskgk jssjrj csskelctj ca lpjrtjgslkgj, cddc prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal k ca jhkrrcolc ejrjircdj sjekgacrlc c trkhikeltkpjglc. D“JJO puù rlvjdcrj cdtjrczlkgl al tlpk bkecdj k albbusk ajdd“cttlvltæ jdjttrlec ejrjircdj, dc QE, dc YHG j d“cgolkYHG skgk utldl pjr akeuhjgtcrj j ecrcttjrlzzcrj djslkgl
bkecdl, d“jschj ajd dlqulak ejbcdkrcenlalcgk pjr jseduajrj lgbjzlkgl k jhkrrcolj suicrcegklajj, l tjsts gjurkekogltlvl pjr jvlajgzlcrj ajelt
ekogltlvl lglzlcdl. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK ECYALCEK
Dc prjvcdjgzc ajd eklgvkdolhjgtk ecralcek gjl ichilgl ekg DJU gkg î ijg ekgkselutc lg qucgtk albeldj ac alcogkstlecrj pjrenì dj cdtjrczlkgl
ecralcenj gjl ichilgl skgk spjssk sldjgtl. Dc pjrlecraltj î dc plü ekhugj ajddj hcglbjstczlkgl ecralcenj lg elrec ld 56 pjr ejgtk ajl ichilgl, hc rcrchjgtj pkrtc c tchpkgchjgtk ecralcek. L ichilgl ekg DJU skgk cgenj c rlsenlk pjr d“jgakecraltj al DlihcgUce`s, ecrcttjrlzzctc ecrcttjrlzzctc ac gkaudl al 3-1 hh ekg gjerksl irlgklaj ajl tjssutl
ekggjttlvl al skstjogk vcdvkdcrj. Dc vcdvkdc hltrcdj î qujddc plü ekhugjhjgtj lgtjrjssctc j puù skvrcppkrsl cgenj ug“jgakecraltj lgbjttlvc. Dc brjqujgzc ajddc hlkecraltj sjhirc jssjrj slhldj c qujddc ajdd“caudtk gjd 36-3: pjr ejgtk ajl pczljgtl, dc qucdj sl hcglbjstc ekg lgsubeljgzc
ecralcec ekgojstlzlc, ecralkhjocdlc j crlthlj. Actl rjejgtl lgalecgk enj l ichilgl ekg DJU ncggk ug rlsenlk cuhjg -
tctk al ctjrksedjrksl prjekej, hc dc hcdcttlc ekrkgcrlec puù gkg jssjrj jvlajgtj genì gkg rcoolugocgk d“jtæ caudtc. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK VDJZYKVKDHKGCYJ
Dj hcglbjstczlkgl pdjurkpkdhkgcrl plü brjqujgtjhjgtj kssjrvctj lg jtæ pjalctrlec skgk dc pdjurltj, dj pkdhkgltl j dj jhkrrcolj pkdhkgcrl. Dk snrlg`lgo dugo, rcpprjsjgtctk acddc pjraltc al vkduhj pkdhkgcrj, ecrcttjrlzzctc ac ugc rlauzlkgj prkorjsslvc ajddc ecpceltæ vltcdj lg cssjgzc al irksl k vjrschjgtk pdjurlek, ekhj rlsudtctk al ug hcdbugzlkgchjgtk
ajd alcbrchhc, î stctk kssjrvctk gjl ichilgl j puù pkrtcrj c orcvj lgsubeljgzc rjsplrctkrlc.
Dc pdjurltj sl hcglbjstc lg elrec ld 56-5: pjr ejgtk ajl ichilgl ekg DJU. Vuù jssjrj prjsjgtj cd hkhjgtk ajddc alcogksl k ekhpcrlrj gjd ajekrsk ajddc hcdcttlc. Dc pkdhkgltj duplec ceutc sl hcglbjstc ekg lgdtrctl j ctjdjttcslc j ekhpc ekhp crj gjd 36-3: pjr ejgtk ajl ichilgl, hjgtrj dc irksl lgtjrstlzlcdj erkglec,
gkg sl kssjrvc gjl pczljgtl pjalctrlel. pjalctr lel. D“jhkrrcolc D“jhkrrcolc ceutc pkdhkgcrj î ugc ajddj bkrhj plü orcvl al lhpjogk pkdhkgcrj gjd DJU ja î al rcrk rlsekgtrk
gjd ichilgk. Ul hcglbjstc ekg bjiirj, tkssj, pcddkrj, tcenlpgjc, cstjglc, jplstcssl k jhkttlsl. Cgenj d“lpjrtjgslkgj d“lpjrtjgslkg j pkdhkgcrj î ugc rcrc, hc orcvj orcv j ekhpdleczlkgj ajd DJU pjalctrlek ja î prkicildhjgtj dc ekgsjoujgzc al rlpjtutj jhikdlj pkdhkgcrl. Jhikdlj pkdhkgcrl, lpjrtjgslkgj pkdhkgcrj j trkhiksl ajddj crtjrlj pkdhkgcrl pksskgk jssjrj djoctj cddc prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK KEZDCYJ
Odl jssuactl rjtlglel ektkgksl skgk jsprjsslkgj al vcseudltj rjtlglec j skgk cdtchjgtj suoojstlvl al ugc alcogksl al DJU. Cdtrj hcglbjstczlkgl
keudcrl ekhprjgakgk jhkrrcolc rjtlglec, keeduslkgj ajddc vjgc ejgtrcdj ajddc rjtlgc, jplsedjrltj. Dc enjrctkekgolug enjrctkekgolugtlvltj tlvltj sjeec, jsprjsslkgj ajddc slgarkhj al Umkorjg î rcrchjgtj rlpkrtctc gjl ichilgl ekg DJU. LGQJYJUUCHJGQK OCUQYKLGQJUQLGCDJ
Zg“csskelczlkgj ekg pcgerjctltj î stctc kssjrvctc, hc rcrchjgtj bctcdj. b ctcdj. Zgc hkajstc jpctkhjocdlc sl kssjrvc gjl auj tjrzl ajl ichilgl, enj puù cge cgenj nj jss jssjrj jrj jsp jsprjs rjsslk slkgj gj al stjctksl akvutc lg pcrtj cddc tjrcplc stjrklajc. JUCHL AL DCIKYCQ DCIKYCQKYLK KYLK
Dc hcoolkr pcrtj ajodl lgalel ajddc bcsj ceutc ajddc koksl î cuhjgtctc gjl ichilgl ekg DJU. Sujstl ekhprjgakgk dc RJU, d“lpjrochhcodkiudlgjhlc pkdledkgcdj j d“cuhjgtk ajddj c9 odkiudlgj. Dc VEY î spjssk
gkrhcdj gjd DJU, hc cuhjgtc gjl ecsl al lgbjzlkgj j gjl pczljgtl ekg sljrksltl ja crtrltj. Zg“cgjhlc dljvj k hkajrctc sl hcglbjstc gjddc hjtæ ajl ichilgl ekg DJU j puù cvjrj dj ecrcttjrlstlenj ajddc cgjhlc ac hcdcttlc erkglec k rljttjrj d“jhkdlsl ecusctc ac cgtlekrpl cgtljrltrkeltl. Keecslkgcdhjgtj
puù kssjrvcrsl ugc ugc sjvjrc hcdcttlc jhkdltlec. jhkdltlec. Zgc djuekpjglc j pcrtlekdcrhjgtj ugc dlgbkeltkpjglc (43:66/hh5) î dc ecrcttjrlstlec ajd DJU ja î ekhugj gjl pczljgtl ekg hcdcttlc cttlvc. Cdeugl
ichilgl pkssk ichilgl pksskgk gk prjsjg prjsjgtcrj tcrj plcstrl plcstrlgkpjg gkpjglc lc ekg pkrpk pkrpkrc rc j spdjg spdjgkhjocd khjocdlc, lc, hjgtrj ugc sjvjrc gjutrkpjglc sl kssjrvc rcrchjgtj. Odl cgtlekrpl cgtlguedjk skgk prjsjgtl gjd sljrk al qucsl tuttl l ichilgl ekg DJU. Ld tltkdk ajodl CGC alhkstrctk ekg dc hlerksekplc ekg lhhugkukrjsejgzc vcrlc ac 3=>6 (hcdcttlc gkg cttlvc) ca 3=:396 gjddc hcdcttlc hkdtk cttlvc. Ld pcttjrg ajodl CGC cdd“lhhugkukrjsejgzc î
al skdltk khkojgjk k pjrlbjrlek suoojrjgak dc prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtl-AGC.
Ecrcttjrlstlenj ajodl cutkcgtlekrpl gjd DJU Cgtlekrpl cgtlguedjk
Cdtrl cgtlekrpl
Cgtlekrpl cgtl-asAGC Cgtlekrpl cgtl-YGV Cgtlekrpl cgtl-Yk/UUC Cgtlekrpl cgtl-Dc/UUI Cgtlekrpl cgtl-Uh Cgtlekrpl cgtl-lstkgj
Cgtlekrpl cgtl-jrltrkeltl Cgtlekrpl cgtldlgbkeltktksslel Cgtlekrpl cgtl-tjssutk spjelel Cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal Bcttkrj rjuhctklaj
Dc hcoolkr pcrtj ajl pczljgtl enj ncggk ugc pksltlvltæ pjr dupus cgtlekcoudcgt ncggk cgtlekrpl cgtlecralkdlplgc. Dc brjqujgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtlecralkdlplgc gjd DJU lg jtæ pjalctrlec vcrlc ac :6 cd 366 pjr ejgtk ja î stctc kssjrvctc d“csskelczlkgj ekg cdtjrczlkgl ajd UGE.
Dc ajtjrhlgczlkgj ajddj ekhpkgjgtl ajd ekhpdjhjgtk î ugk ajl plü lhpkrtcgtl jschl al dcikrctkrlk al cttlvltæ al hcdcttlc duplec. Vksskgk jssjrj hlsurctj spjelenj ekhpkgjgtl ajd ekhpdjhjgtk ekhj E5 j E1, hjgtrj EN:6 rljttj d“lgtjorltæ ajddc ecsectc tktcdj ajd ekhpdjhjgtk ja î
cigkrhjhjgtj cigkrhjhjg tj icssk lg elrec ld <6 pjrejgtk ajl ichilgl ekg gjbrltj cttlvc. ALCOGKUL
Dc alcogksl al DJU lg jtæ pjalctrlec sl icsc suodl stjssl erltjrl ajdd“Chj rlecg Ekddjoj kb Ynjuhctkdkoy (CEY) usctl pjr odl caudtl. EYLQJYL
AJBLGL]LKGJ
3) Ycsn hcdcrj
Jrltjhc ssk, plcttk k rldjvctk codl zlokhl, enj rlspcr -
hlc dj pljonj gcskdcilcdl 9) Ycsn alseklaj
Vdceenj jrltjhctksj rlcdzctj ekg cajrjgtj ajsquchc-
zlkgj enjrctkslec j caajgschjgtk bkddlekdcrj 5) Bktksjgslildltæ
Ycsn eutcgjk cdd“jspkslzlkgj skdcrj
1) Zdejrj krcdl
Zdejrczlkgl krcdl k gcskbcrlgojj, lgakdjgtl
:) Crtrltj
Crtrltj gkg jrkslvc enj eklgvkdoj 9 k plü crtlekdczlkgl
2) Uljrksltj
pjrlbjrlenj Vdjurltj k Vjrlecraltj
?) Ujogl rjgcdl
Vrktjlgurlc pjrslstjgtj 7 6.: o/alj
kppurj
>) Ulgtkhl j sjogl gjurkdkolel <) Ujogl jhctkdkolel
Eldlgarl ejddudcrl Ekgvudslkgl k Vsleksl Cgjhlc jhkdltlec kppurj
Djuekpjglc 41666 hh5 lg 9 k plü keecslkgl kppurj Dlgbkeltkpjglc 43:66 hh5 lg 9 k plü keecslkgl kppurj Vlcstrlgkpjglc 4366666 hh5 36) Alskra Alskralgl lgl lhhugkdk lhhugkdkolel olel
Cgtlekrpl cgtl-AGC= cgtlekrpl cgtl-AGC gctlvk c tltkdk
jdjvctk kppurj Cgtlekrpl cgtl-Uh= prjsjgzc al cgtlekrpl cgtl cgtlojgj
guedjcrj Uh kppurj Vksltlvltæ al cgtlekrpl cgtlbksbkdlplal
33) Cgtlekr Cgtlekrpl pl cgtlgue cgtlguedjk djk
Qltkdk Qltkd k jdjvctk al cgtlekrpl cgtlguedjk cddc lhhugkuk-
rjsejgzc k c tjsts jqulvcdjgtl, lg cssjgzc al bcrhcel enj lgauecgk ugc slgarkhj tlpk dupus
Vjr dc alcogksl al DJU skgk gjejsscrl qucttrk k plü erltjrl, lg hcgljrc slhudtcgjc k sueejsslvc aurcgtj ld pjrlkak al kssjrvczlkgj. Zg rltcrak gjddc alcogksl puù jssjrj akvutk cdd“cssjgzc ajd tlplek rcsn hcdcrj cdd“lglzlk ajddc hcdcttlc j cdd“jdjvctc brjqujgzc al slgtkhl cspjelel
ekhj pjraltc al pjsk, bjiirlekdc k hcdjssjrj. L ichilgl enj lglzlcdhjgtj hkstrcgk auj k trj erltjrl pjr ld DJU ajvkgk jssjrj cttjgtchjgtj sjoultl sjoultl pjr dc pksslildj pksslildj ekhpcrsc al cdtrj hcglbjstczlkgl j dc dc prkorjsslkgj prkorjsslkgj vjrsk ugc alcogksl al DJU ajgltk, enj puù rlenljajrj cdeugl cggl. Cdeugl ichilgl pksskgk prjsjgtcrj ug lglzlk ceutk al hcdcttlc ekg bji -
irj, rcsn, djuekpjglc j plcstrlgkpjglc enj pksskgk bcr pjgscrj ca ugk stctk lgbjttlvk. VYKOGKUL
Dc prkogksl ajl ichilgl j ajodl cakdjsejgtl ekg DJU, trcttctl lg hcgljrc cajouctc î iukgc j dc skprcvvlvjgzc î al elrec ld 366 pjrejgtk c : cggl j ajd >5 pjrejgtk c 36 cggl. Zgc prkogksl gkg bcvkrjvkdj puù jssjrj
akvutc cddk stctk skelkjekgkhlek ajd pczljgtj, cd eklgvkdolhjgtk rjgcdj k ajd slstjhc gjrvksk ejgtrcdj. QJYCVLC
Dc tjrcplc ajd DJU gjl ichilgl j gjodl cakdjsejgtl gkg î albbjrjgtj ac qujddc ajodl caudtl, tuttcvlc gjl pczljgtl lg jtæ pjalctrlec vl puù jssjrj d“lhpcttk gjoctlvk suddc erjseltc slec j pslekdkolec al tjrcplj tcdvkdtc
gjejsscrlchjgtj coorjsslvj. Gjddj bkrhj al DJU dljvl c prjvcdjgtj ekhprkhlsslk ekhprkhlsslkgj gj crtlekdcrj j eutcgjc, ugc tjrcplc ekg BCGU BCGU pjr ekgtrkddcrj dj hcglbjstczlkgl hcglb jstczlkgl husekdksenj husek dksenjdjtrlenj j ekg d“larkssledkrkenlgc (2 ho/`o/alj) pksskgk jssjrj subeljgtl. Icssj aksl al ekrtlekstjrklal (6.9: ho/`o al prjaglskgj) pksskgk jssjrj
utldl pjr rcoolugojrj plü rcplachjgtj ld ekgtrkddk ajddc hcdcttlc. Gjl ichilg ichilgll j cakdjse cakdjsejgtl jgtl enj rlenlja rlenljakgk kgk cdtl aksco akscool ol al stjrklal pjr ekgtrkddcrj d“cttlvltæ al hcdcttlc (sljrksltl, cgjhlc jhkdltlec, plcstrlgkpjglc), plcstrlgkpjglc), pksskgk pks skgk jssjr jssjrjj utld utldlzzct lzzctll czctl czctlkprl kprlgc, gc, hlek hlekbjgk bjgkdctk dctk hkbj hkbjtld tld k hjtk hjtktrjss trjssctk ctk cddk sekpk al rlspcrhlcrj ekrtlekstjrklal. Gjl ichilgl j cakdjsejgtl ekg ekhprkhlsslkgj rjgcdj rj gcdj k ejrjircdj ej rjircdj enj rlenljakgk ugc tjrcplc coorjsslvc, l rlsudtctl hlodlkrl skgk stctl kttjgutl ekg ikdl jgakvjgksl al eledkbksbchlaj (:66 ho/h9 ac cuhjgtcrj c
3 o/h9 sj ijg tkddjrctl) pjr 2 hjsl, sjoultl ac ikdl kogl trj hjsl pjr cdtrl cdt rl
56 hjsl. Dc tjrcplc ekg eledkbksbchlaj î lg orcak al rlaurrj lg hcgljrc sloglectlvc dc prktjlgurlc j al hlodlkrcrj dc edjcrcgej ajddc erjctlglgc, rlauejgak cgenj dc prkorjsslkgj ajddj djslkgl odkhjrudcrl vjrsk dc sedjrksl. Dc sleurjzzc ajddc tjrcplc ekg eledkbksbchlaj gjl ichilgl gkg î ijg ajgltc, lg pcrtlekdcrj dc tkssleltæ okgcalec î hcoolkrj gjodl
cakdjsejgtl sjssucdhjgtj hcturl rlspjttk cl ichilgl prjpuijrl j dj rcoczzj svlduppcgk rcrchjgtj lgbjrtldltæ, lgkdtrj d“usk al HJUGC rlauej
ld rlsenlk al acggk vjselecdj. L ichilgl enj skgk rjslstjgtl ca cdtrl bcrhcel lhhugkskpprjsskrl pksskgk olkvcrsl al ugc tjrcplc ekg hlekbjgkdctk. Yltuxlhci, ug cgtlekrpk hkgkedkgcdj enlhjrlek cgtl-EA96, utldlzzctk gjddc tjrcplc ajd DJU ajdd“caudtk, î jbecej, lgsljhj cddc eledkbksbchlaj, lg qujl ichilgl
enj gkg ncggk rlspkstk cddj tjrcplj lhhugkskpprjsslvj ekgvjgzlkgcdl, pjrhjttjga pjrhj ttjgakk cgenj ld rcoo rcoolugol lugolhjgtk hjgtk al hlgkr hlgkrll aksl euhud euhudctlvj ctlvj al eledkbksbchlaj.
Dc tjrcplc ajd Dupus Jrltjhctksk Ulstjhlek gjl ichilgl j gjodl cakdjsejgtl Gkrhj ojgjrcdl= lgbkrhczlkgj cpprkeelk hudtlalselpdlgcrj rlpksk cajouctk gutrlzlkgj cajouctc usk al erjhj cgtlskdcrl lhhuglzzczlkgj spjelcdhjgtj ekg vceelgk cgtlpgjuhkekeelek lhhjalctk trcttchjgtk ajddj lgbjzlkgl Bcrhcel cgtlgchhctkrl gkg stjrklajl
― pjr ld trcttchjgtk trcttchjgtk ajddj hcglbjstczlkgl husekdksenjdjtrlenj Cgtlekcoudcgtl ― sj prjsjgtl cgtlecralkdlplgc c tltkdk tltkdk sloglectlvk
― celak cejtldscdleldlek cejtldscdleldlek c icssk akscoolk sj gkg sl sl skgk hcglbjstctj trkhiksl trkhiksl ― jpcrlgc, sjoultc ac wcrbcrlg sj sl skgk hcglbjstctj trkhiksl trkhiksl
Larkssledkrkenlgc ― pjr dj hcglb hcglbjstczl jstczlkgl kgl eutcgj eutcgjjj j lg coolug coolugtc tc codl stjrk stjrklal lal pjr dj hcglb hcglbjstcz jstczlkgl lkgl slst slstjhlen jhlenjj Oduekekrtleklal ― prjaglskgj krcdj 3-9 ho/`o/alj
― hjtldprjaglskdkgj j.v j.v.. c ikdk ikdk lglzlcdhjgtj j pkl hjgsldhjgtj hjgsldhjgtj pjr dc tjrcplc al hcgtjglhjgtk gjddj bkrhj sjvjrj Lhhugkskpprjsskrl Czctlkprlgc 3-9 ho/`o/alj Eledkbksbchlaj 3-9 ho/`o/alj pjr vlc krcdj :66-3666 ho/h9/hjsj j.v.
Ilidlkorcbc jssjgzlcdj - Icrscdku M, Djvy AH, Uldvjrhcg JA. Cg upactj kg enldankka-kgsjt systjhle dupus jrytnjhctksus. Eurr Kplg Ynjuhctkd. 96350 9:=232-99. - Iruggjr NL, Nuoolgs M, @djlg-Oltjdhcg HU. Vjalctrle UDJ--tkwcras c ekh prjnjgslvj hcgcojhjgt pdcg. Gct Yjv Ynjuhctkd. 96330 96330 ?=99:-55. - Ijrtslcs O@ jt cd. Jurkpjcg Djcouj Coclgst Ynjuhctlsh cga Jurkpjcg Yjgcd Csskelctlkg-Jurkpjcg Alcdysls cga Qrcgsp Qrcgspdcgt dcgt Csskelctlkg. Mklgt Jurkpjcg Djcouj Coclgst Ynjuhctlsh cga Jurkpjcg Yjgcd Csskelctlkg-Jurkpjcg Alcdysls cga Qrcgspdcgt Csskelctlkg (JZDCY/JYC-JAQC) rjekhhjgac tlkgs bkr tnj hcgcojhjgt kb caudt cga pcjalctrle dupus gjpnrltls. Cgg Ynjuh Als. 96390 ?3=3??3->9.
