1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION Rationale All population groups have a need for a greener environment to meet the long existence in the earth. The societies today seem to be more mindful of their activities and choices as the earth face a lot of environmental issues. From New York, to London down to Tokyo people are looking for ways to help preserve Mother Earth. The global market and the consumers with the current era of environmental consciousness, see the ―green marketing‖ as becoming an important trend. The question of who’s to blame for the alarming changes in our surroundings should not be the major concern. What matters most now is the collective effort of the people to benefit the once unpolluted nature. Tanya Hu, author of the planet ark book, ―Greemology: How to live well, be green and make a difference‖, said that even small changes can make a big impact on the environment. The famous saying ―big surprises comes from small packages‖ never fail to remind us that the simple things we do could make a difference. From segregation to recycling, these are common and small acts that could contribute to the betterment of our environment. The tendency of every living thing is to grow and prosper. However, we put this aside and let the earth die. Inch by inch we try to make a difference by destroying where we are actually living. We burn plastic, we pollute every body of water, and we do the wrong thing instead of the right one. And so reality hit us. The neglect of the environment now brings its wrath upon the populace such as devastating floods caused by the rapid proliferation of plastic materials which clog the different waterways.
2 The researchers wanted to know how the local government tries to resolve such issue and hence have come to know of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance. The Provincial Ordinance No. 2011-3 banning the use of plastic bags, polystyrene, and other synthetic packaging materials took effect last June 1, 2011 in the entire province of Albay. It was the start of the slogan ―Green Albay‖. Respectively, Executive Order No. 18 series of 2012, Legazpi City’s localize version of the Provincial Ordinance, was implemented last July 12, 2012. Such implementation of an ordinance conveys to people that better we act now before everything is else is far too late for the human race and Mother Nature. The implementation of the said ordinance enthused the researchers to conduct the study entitled, ―Assessment of the Rate of Awareness and Adaption of Residents of Selected Barangays in Legazpi City on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance.‖ The researchers deem that the conduct of the study will be of importance to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the ordinance and that the intended outcome of the study will be of help to the local government of Legazpi City as a form of feedback to the result of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance’s implementation. Specifically, the researchers believe that the results of this study will be of much help to the following: ANIMAL KINGDOM. Plastic bags kill animals. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food; the toxic materials remain intact that it kills them. With less plastic there will be less threat to the kingdom animalia. COMMUNITY. The study will basically help the society become aware of the ordinance that contributes to the preservation of the Mother Earth. This will also give each of the society a healthy place to live in.
3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT. With this study the government will be helped by the evaluation of the anti-plastic adaption. This will help them supervise the ordinance that may contribute to the Green Albay. STUDENT. As early as possible, the study will help the youth become a part of changing the world to a better one. This will also help them take action of the world’s full of plastic bags and reduce them by this ordinance. ECOSYSTEM. The bottom line of this study is to help the ecosystem. It is our primary responsibility to preserve our environment for the future generations. It is of course with the aid of the human activity to maintain what has been started by the first people that went green. All we have to do is to follow them. ESTABLISHMENTS. The study will further evaluate the major establishments in Legazpi City at what rate do they adjust to the anti-plastic ordinance. NEIGHBORING PROVINCES. The study will help Legazpi City become a role model to their neighboring province since it is the first province in Region V to implement the ordinance. This will then spread to the entire Philippines to have a one movement for a cause. FUTURE RESEARCHERS. This study will serve as a guide to the upcoming student that will have the same nature and scope as of the present study. MANAGEMENT FIELD. The study will also help the management field as to identifying the program evaluation of the government and to further see the effects of the implementation of the program.
4 Statement of the Problem This study will aim to determine the rate of awareness and adaption of residents of selected barangays in Legazpi City regarding the implementation of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of: a) Civil Status b) Age c) Sex d) Barangay e) Monthly Income f) Occupation g) Educational Attainment 2. What is the level of awareness and adaption on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance of the residents in the selected barangays of Legazpi City? 3. What is the relationship of the profile of the respondents to their level of
awareness and adaption on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance? 4. What are the problems/difficulties encountered by the residents with the implementation of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance? 5. What are the residents’ recommendations to remedy the problems they
encounter with the implementation of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance?
5 Background Many studies and literatures, both local and foreign were considered important in understanding the awareness and adaption of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance which is the subject of the study.
Related Non-Research Works
Waste management has become a huge problem in the Philippines. Many landfills are filled to its capacity and forced to close. Take for example the one we have in Peñafrancia in Daraga. There is always a clamor for new landfill sites as the number of garbage continues to grow. The country’s recycling rates are low and cannot compete with the enormous amounts of waste discarded by Filipinos each day.
Based on The Garbage Book of Asian Development Bank published in 2004, in the next thirty years, Metro Manila is projected to generate over seventy million tons of solid waste.
Notice that whenever you go to the grocery store the bagger puts all your groceries inside a plastic bag and the next thing you know you are throwing it away in the garbage can. In a research conducted, an individual using plastic carrier bag in a grocery only uses it in about twelve minutes. Because the instance he unload his things from the bag it goes nowhere but in the garbage can. The discarded plastic bag will most probably end up in a landfill. That single plastic bag used only once may take between five hundred to one thousand years before it breaks down.
6 The anti-plastic ordinance or Sangguniang Panlalawigan (SP) Ordinance 2011-3 was passed and signed by Albay governor Joey Salceda last February 21, 2011, prohibiting the use of plastic bags, polystyrene, and other synthetic fabrics as packaging materials for goods sold by supermarkets, groceries, stores, and other commercial establishments in Albay.
Almost one year now and the effect can be viewed day by day. As typhoon comes back and forth to the Philippines we can notice that Bicol region is, shall we say, avoided by it. Is it just a mere luck or is it because of the strong faith the Bicolanoes have for our Lord? And who knows next day we may be living in a place with fresh air, cleaner environment. Just who knows?
Furthermore, the ordinance carries a fine ranging from P1,000 to P5,000 including the cancellation of the business permit.
Albay Gov. Joey Salceda said the adaption of an anti-plastic ordinance came on the heels of flooding that hit the city and the towns of Polangui, Oas, and Libon which are considered as the flood plains of the province.
He said that the flooding problem may be attributed to the proliferation of plastic materials that clog river channels, canals, drainage system, and other waterways.
Environmentalists claim that the use of plastic bags and other synthetic materials, though they are one of the modern conveniences, are responsible for causing pollution and harmful effects to the environment.
7 That is why it is visible that colorful eco-friendly bags are now displayed for sale while some are given free by supermarkets, groceries, and other commercial establishment after the ban on the use of plastic bags took effect and went on full throttle this month in the entire province of Albay.
Board Member Arnold Embestro, the Committee on Environment chairperson of Legazpi City said ―we appealed to the public to use or bring along during their shopping alternative bags made of paper, cloth, abaca, buri, and other recyclable and environment-friendly materials‖, this bags are their alternative to the usual plastic bags.
Legazpi City is made up of 70 barangays with 182,201 inhabitants according to the 2010 census making it the largest city in the region. In a place as big as this we might don’t want to imagine what would happen if the city will be dumped by tons and tons of plastic bags.
Another milestone environment ordinance signed by Salceda this month was the Albay Smoke Free Ordinance, authored by Provincial Board Members Herbert Borja and Niel Montallana. Salceda signed Provincial Ordinance 10-2012, otherwise known as ―An ordinance regulating the use, sale, distribution and advertisement of cigarettes and other tabacco products, imposing penalties therefore in the province of Albay.‖
The bottom line is both Ordinances measure aims to protect and promote the right to health of the people and to the betterment of the environment. Both are for greener Legazpi City.
8 The anti-plastic-bag movement scored its first big victory in 2002 in other countries, when officials in Bangladesh banned them because they were found to be clogging storm drains and causing floods. That same year, Ireland tried to stem its litter problem by imposing a tax on plastic bags, leading to a dramatic reduction in their use. As people began to realize just how many plastic bags were out there—and how uniquely suited they were to fly through the air, float out to sea, and sit in landfills for centuries—the movement gained momentum. Bans and tax programs were implemented around the world over the course of the following decade, including in Asia, Europe, and Africa. In 2007, San Francisco became the first American city to enact a ban; it was followed shortly thereafter by Los Angeles and, earlier this year, by Seattle. Los Angeles is becoming the nation's largest city to ban plastic bags at grocery stores in an increasingly widespread move to conserve the environment. Los Angeles, with nearly 4 million residents, will be the nation's largest city to ban carry-out plastic bags, said Enrique Zaldivar, director of the city's Bureau of Sanitation. The city uses 2.7 billion single-use bags a year. "It's important to conserve the environment. The reusable bag will do that," said Enrique Zaldivar, director of the city's Bureau of Sanitation. On the Philippines hand as of September 1, 2012, Quezon City becomes the latest city within Metro Manila to implement new rules related to the use of plastic bags. While other cities have implemented ordinances that outright ban plastic bags, the QC measure is a bit more innovative since it goes down a different path.
9 First, the simpler ordinance is SP-2130, which requires all business establishments that use plastic bags to have clear and prominent signage encouraging shoppers to bring their own reusable bags. The ordinance also requires that people who use reusable bags should be eligible for some sort of a redeemable points system and should be allocated a priority lane for checkout. Those plastic bags that do not have holes, handles or drawstrings such as those used to wrap fresh produce are exempt from the fee. The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), on the other hand expects the seventeen local government units of Metro Manila to ban the use of plastics and styrofoam in packaging and handling of food and non-food items in all establishments, markets and sari-sari stores by 2013. Local government units have less than a year to fully adhere to this metro-wide plastic ban.
"I expect next year all the seventeen LGUs (sixteen cities and the lone municipality of Pateros) would implement a similar ban. Right now, after Muntinlupa, Las Pinas followed suit in imposing the ban on plastics. Makati made a similar announcement, though the city’s total ban takes effect next year yet. Similar moves are under way in Taguig and Quezon City," MMDA chairman Francis Tolentino said.
Some cities and municipalities outside Metro Manila have already begun their own ―no plastic‖ campaign including Los Baños in Laguna, Carmona in Cavite, Sta. Barbara in Iloilo and Lucban in Quezon.
10 Los Baños, Laguna, has prohibited the use of plastic bags for dry goods and use of Styrofoam since June 2, 2008 in compliance with Municipal Ordinance 2008-752. Los Baños has also regulated the use of plastic bags for wet goods. Compliance to the ordinance is strictly enforced and violators face corresponding penalties. When you go to Los Baños, it’s common to see people carrying brown bags or reusable fabric bags. The cooperation of the residents is a great factor to the success of the ―plastic-less‖ endeavor. Los Baños has become a good example for solid waste management.
Based on Manila Bulletin online, six months after the plastic bag and Styrofoam ban implemented in Muntinlupa, the city government has observed lesser flooding and decreased volume of collected garbage. Let’s now take action and begin the anti-plastic ordinance in ourselves. Let us not wait for the grass to grow. Let us not wait for our local municipality to implement a plastic ban policy for even at our own cost we can practice it. Let us contribute in our own little ways to save the planet.
Related Studies ―Implementation of
Ordinance in Support of Climate Change Mitigation,‖ an
undergraduate thesis by Quisam et. al. (2009), attempted to determine the ordinances implemented by selected municipalities in the province of Albay in support of climate change mitigation and found out that two of their four selected municipalities almost has
11 no ordinance with respect to their study. Hence, the four municipalities should completely fulfill the requirements of environmental protection in order to mitigate and best adapt to the changing climate.
The study of Peñalosa (2003) stated that, several problems encountered by the barangay officials in the implementation of the ordinance are: specific in sufficient guidance of the parents among children and lack of funds to be used in the realization of the ordinances. The study concluded that population, geographical condition and living conditions are factors to be considered by barangay officials in the extent of implementation of the ordinances. Nuñez (2009), in her study ― Solid Waste Management in the Households of Selected Barangays of Legazpi City: An Analysis‖ shared that majority or 69% of the respondents regularly performs planning and controlling procedure of waste management. A study conducted by Estonato and Paje entitled ―Study on the Legazpi City Ordinance Adopting the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management System‖ stress out that the effectiveness of the ordinance in terms of reducing the cost of collection and disposal of solid waste cannot be determined due to the lack of data. It is obviously stated that in terms of social awareness and support in the implementation of the ordinance there had been no problem. Ables (2008), in her undergraduate thesis study, ―The Implementation of the Legazpi City Smoke-Free Ordinance‖ concluded that the city government has
12 manifested a strong political will to regulate smoking in the city of Legazpi through a combination of positive and negative motivational approaches. It is further said that the respondents viewed that the ordinance is very relevant to community development and is in adherence to human rights.
According to Gevera (2006) studies shows that paper recycling saves up to 54% in energy use, plastic recycling saves petroleum and landfill space, aluminum recycling reduces water pollution by up to 70%, car battery recycling lead and battery electrolyte from pollution. In an undergraduate thesis study entitled, ―Assessment of the Clean Bicol Rivers: Salog River Program of Sorsogon City by Kekim (2008) found out that the Clean Bicol River: Salog is a continuous action of the City Government of Sorsogon as part of the Salog River Management and Rehabilitation Plan. However, some of the activities under the project are not sustained by the existing program and only on its startup stage. Advincula (1999) studied the ―Factors in the Effectiveness
of Clean Green
Program as Perceived by Residents of Bulan Sorsogon‖. He then stressed out that the Sannguniang Bayan is concerned with the protection of natural resources putting it on a higher scheme of priorities. They created varied ordinances and resolutions pertaining to environmental issues. This research wanted to learn the how-to’s of the Legazpi Local Government Unit (LGU) with respect to the ordinances in relation to Solid Waste Management.
13 Camacho, et.al. in their study ―Assessment of the City Ordinance issued by the City of Legazpi Regarding the Adaption of Certain Measure to the Environment,‖ aim to assess the ordinances issued by Legazpi City regarding the adaption of certain measures to safeguard the environment.
Camacho et.al. found out that there are three existing ordinances in terms of destructive methods of fishing and one to the prohibition of polluting the soil and waterways with toxic wastes and two were gathered in terms of black smoke emission. On the other hand, the study still reveals the problems encountered in the implementation of each ordinances.
It is therefore concluded by Camacho et.al. in their study that dissemination and motivation campaign in support to ordinances should be more intensified to help the public’s awareness as to what they ought to do to help preserve the planet. It is also advised in their study that supervision of the existing programs and projects should be undertaken to determine the relation to the objectives to the ordinances. In addition to the study, the ordinances should start at home. The public must give more attention to environmental issue and be more concern and participate in saving the environment. ―Waging on ecological wars calls for some draconian measures. They have been deaf anyway to appeals and reminders on not to destroy the environment. This time, the spirited campaign to flex some muscles and show some guts on its ultimatum,‖ Camacho et.al. 2009.
14 Synthesis This study will tackle on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance implemented by the Local Government of Legazpi City. The related and unrelated studies gathered provided the researchers helpful insights and knowledge for the present study. The related studies focus on the different ordinances such as the Solid Waste Management and the ordinances on Prohibition of Polluting the Waterways which are implemented in relation to Environmental Issues of a specific barangay(s), Municipality or City. Furthermore, the related studies discuss about how proper implementation of the ordinances affects the awareness and compliance of the different constituents of the barangay(s), Municipality or City. The studies of Camacho et.al, Peñalosa and Ables are somehow related to the present study since it tackled or talked about the compliance of the residents on the ordinances implemented by the Local Government as well as the Barangay officials. But the previous studies are different to the present study since their focus is on the different ordinances like the Solid Waste Management and Smoke-Free Ordinance. While the present study focuses on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance of the Legazpi City. Moreover, the related studies where in some manner bear significance to the study conducted because it deals with the level of effectiveness of the enacted ordinances and the level of awareness of the residents of some barangays and municipality in accordance to the implemented ordinances.
15 Gap to Be Bridged by the Study From the related and unrelated studies gathered and analyzed, it appeared that none of these were exactly the same as the present study. Although the problems of some studies have slight similarities from the present study, the focus of the present study is on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance of the City of Legazpi and also the assessment of the awareness and adaption of the residents of the selected barangays of Legazpi City on the said ordinance.
Theoretical Framework The theoretical foundation which the researchers will anchor from is the SOAR (Situation, Organization, Activities and Results) peak performance model by Norman R.F. Maier. According to this model, Maier explains that an interaction between the Situation and the Organization leads to Activities that ultimately lead to Results. In relation to the study, with the rampant proliferation of plastic materials that clog river channels, canals, drainage system, and other waterways causing floods to different places in Albay, the local government adopted and implemented Provincial Ordinance No. 2011-3 otherwise known as the Anti – Plastic Ordinance of 2011. In this study, the level of awareness and adaption of the residents will show their support to the government’s advocacy in protecting and preserving the environment. Furthermore, the rate of awareness of the residents can be used to determine the effectiveness of the ordinance if its desired results are achieved.
16
Situation (Proliferation of plastic materials causing floods)
Organization (Local Government of Legazpi City)
Action (Implementation of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance, Awareness and Adaption of the residents)
Results (Effectiveness of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance)
17 Figure 1. Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework The basis for conceptualizing the assessment of the rate of awareness and adaption of the residents of selected barangays in Legazpi City on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance is to determine the effectiveness of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance. The local government tries to resolve the environmental issue concerning the propagation of plastic bags, polystyrene, and other synthetic packaging materials that become nuisance in bodies of water and various waterways through the implementation of Provincial Ordinance No. 2011-3 (Anti-Plastic Ordinance). The level of awareness and adaption of the residents will be used to know how they are affected by the implementation of the ordinance and to determine if there are any problems encountered and the residents’ recommendations in relation to the AntiPlastic Ordinance. As such, this will serve as a form of feedback to the local government in knowing if the desired result of the ordinance is met. Furthermore, that will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Anti-plastic ordinance.
18
Profile of the respondents
Level of awareness and Adaption
Relationship of the respondents’ profile to their level of awareness and Adaption
Problems encountered with the implementation of the ordinance
Recommendations of the residents to the ordinance’s problem during implementation Figure 2. Conceptual Framework
19 Definition of Terms For the better understanding, the following terms are defined conceptually and/or operationally used in the study. Anti-Plastic Ordinance – also known as Sangguniang Panlalawigan (SP) Ordinance 2011-3. It is an ordinance which prohibits supermarkets, groceries, stores, and other commercial establishments to use of plastic bags, polystyrene, and other synthetic fabrics as packaging materials for goods sold. Operationally, this is the ordinance assessed in this study. Awareness – refers to the knowledge or understanding of a subject, issue, or situation. Operationally, this refers to the level of the respondents’ response to the AntiPlastic Ordinance. Implementation – refers to the process of putting a decision or plan into effect. Operationally, this pertains to the process to make the respondents aware of the AntiPlastic Ordinance. Ordinance – refers to a law enacted by a municipal body, such as a city council or county commission (sometimes called county council or county board of supervisors) which govern matters not already covered by state or federal laws. This study follows the same definition. Plastic – it is a synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as polyethylene, PVC, nylon, etc., that can be moulded into shape while soft, and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form. This study follows the same definition. Problem – it refers to a matter that causes worry. In this study, it refers to the difficulties which the residents encountered in the implementation of the ordinance.
20 Profile – it refers to a description of a person, group, or organization that contains all the details that someone needs. In this study, it refers to a set of data portraying the significant features of the respondents. Respondent – it refers to someone who answers questions, especially on a questionnaire. In this study, it refers to the selected barangays of Legazpi City which is the source of data of the researchers.
CHAPTER 2. METHODOLOGY Research Design This study is a quantitative descriptive type of research that will utilize the crosssectional survey design. It is quantitative-descriptive because it shall provide an account of the responses of the participants to Ordinance No. 2011-3 otherwise known as the Anti-Plastic Ordinance using numerical values. Its design is cross-sectional survey because the responses shall be collected at a qualified single point in time with the purpose of describing its identified population, through the sample as to the rate of awareness and adaption of the residents on the Anti-Plastic Ordinance and thus also evaluate the ordinance’s effectiveness.
Sampling Design This study shall employ the simple random sampling design where the sample size shall be computed using the formula for estimating population proportion at a margin of error of 0.07.
21 Population Identity The population of this study shall be the residents of Legazpi City specifically the three chosen barangays of the researchers namely: Barangay 20 – Cabagñan East (Pob.), Barangay. 5 - Sagmin Pob. (Sagpon 2) & Barangay. 3 - Em's Barrio East (Pob.).
Population Size The size of this population according to official records is 3,007. The respondents of the study will be taken from the three barangays in the City of Legazpi with a total population of 3,007. The table below shows the name, population and sample allocation of each barangays. Name of Barangays
Population
Sample Allocation
Barangay 20 – Cabagñan East (Pob.)
854
63 respondents
Barangay 5 - Sagmin Pob. (Sagpon 2)
862
64 respondents
Baranagay 3 - Em's Barrio East (Pob.)
1,291
64 respondents
TOTAL
3,007
191 respondents
Sample Size The study utilized the disproportionate stratified random sampling in determining the sample size. N n = -------------1 + Ne2
22 Where: N = Total population n = Sample size e = margin of error (0.07) 1 = constant Solution: N n = -------------1 + Ne2
3,007 n = --------------------1 + 3,007 (0.072)
3,007 n = --------------------15.7343 n = 191.1111394 ~ 191
Sample Elements Selection The sample elements shall be selected using a computer program for the selection of random numbers where each number represented a specific population element in a sampling frame.
23 Research Strategy This research shall employ survey as its research strategy. The researchers will gather data through administration of questionnaires to the participants/respondents. Similarly, this research shall also use documentary analysis in order to determine features of the program available on records or file.
Instrumentation This study shall be developing and employing a questionnaire reflecting the items taken from the specific problems together with the measures or indicators of the problem variables/concepts. The researchers shall utilize research instruments through the key informant or interview guide and questionnaires for selected respondents.
Data Collection Procedure The data gathering shall involve the list of procedures below. 1. The researchers will give a formal letter to the Mayor of the City of Legazpi to conduct the study. 2. The researchers will request a copy of the Anti-Plastic Ordinance and related articles from the Mayor’s secretary and also a list of the barangays in Legazpi City with their respective population. 3. The researchers will give a formal letter to the barangay captain of the selected barangays asking for permission to conduct a survey to its residents. 4. The questionnaire to be used by the researchers as the research instrument will be developed.
24 5. The research questionnaires will be distributed to the respondents from the three selected barangays of Legazpi City and to the Office of the City Environment and Natural Resources and Office of the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources. 6. The researchers will retrieve the questionnaires from the respondents and will
tally each answer for analysis.
Data Analysis Tools The study will use the quantitative frequency count/measure, percentage and ranking in analyzing the data. The percentage will be used to determine the extent of the implementation of the ordinances. Below is the formula: F P = --------------- X 100 N Where: P = percentage F = frequency N = number of respondents 100 = constant
25 Work and Financial Plan The work-and-financial plan of this proposal is reflected in the table below Objective Preparation of proposal
Proposal defense
Submission of modified proposal
Conduct of research/ addressing the research problems
Expected output Thesis proposal
Activity Preparation of thesis proposal
Problem 2
Required input Related Researches and Studies
Manuscript s for proposal defense Modified proposal ready for conduct
Preparation and Last week Letters for the distribution of of January Panelist manuscripts for 2013 proposal defense Preparation of 2nd week of Modified thesis proposal February proposal following the 2013 recommendation s of the panel Letters for the Received Asking One (1) permission to the Municipal and Letters and Month Municipal and Barangay Data ready Barangay Offices officials to be After the to conduct nd analyzed. end of 2 surveys and semester Transportation interviews for (S.Y 2012data collection. Survey 2013) Distribution of questionnaires and conducting interviews to the respondents.
Problem 1
Duration and date(s) 4 weeks
Raw, processed, and analyzed data written in required report form Raw, processed, and analyzed data written in required
Analyzing the data collected mainly those related to Problem 1.
Analyzing the data collected mainly those related to Problem 2.
Expected cost, P P250.00
P100.00
P200.00
P1,000.00
questionnaires
April-May of 2013 Two (2) weeks
Two (2) weeks
Data collected from the respondents Needed materials for encoding and analyzing the data
P150.00
Data collected from the respondents Needed materials for encoding and analyzing the data
P150.00
26
Problem 3
Problem 4
Problem 5
Final defense
report form Raw, processed, and analyzed data written in required report form Raw, processed, and analyzed data written in required report form Raw, processed, and analyzed data written in required report form Manuscript s for oral defense
Submission of modified final manuscript
Modified final manuscript
Total
XXXXXXX
Analyzing the data collected mainly those related to Problem 3.
Two (2) weeks
Data collected from the respondents Needed materials for encoding and analyzing the data
P150.00
Analyzing the data collected mainly those related to Problem 4.
Two (2) weeks
Data collected from the respondents Needed materials for encoding and analyzing the data
P150.00
Analyzing the data collected mainly those related to Problem 5.
Two (2) weeks
Data collected from the respondents Needed materials for encoding and analyzing the data
P150.00
Preparation and distribution of manuscripts for Final defense
2nd week of September 2013
Needed Materials for the Final Defense such as Snacks, and Visual aid
P400.00
Revising the manuscript according to the recommendation s of the panel XXXXXXXX
1st week of December 2013
Modified manuscript
P300.00
XXXX
XXXXXXXX
P3,000.00
27 WORKS CITED
Belir, J.E.A. (2009). Compliance of the Residents of Barangay 4 Sagpon of Legazpi City to the Ordinance on the Prohibition on Polluting the Waterways with Garbage and Burning. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Bicol University College of Business, Economics and Management.
Blanchard, K.H. et. al. (2001). Management of Organizational Behavior Leading Human Resources (8th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, p. 80.
Camacho, et. al. (2009). Assessment of the City Ordinances Issued by the City of Legazpi Regarding the Adaption of Certain Measures to Safeguard the Environment. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Bicol University College of Business, Economics and Management.
Loterte, M. A. (2012, June 4). Albay Anti-Plastic Ordinance takes effect this June. [Online]. Available: http://www.pia.gov.ph/news/index.php?article=771338772165 [2012.December 11].
Marinda, J. N. (2011). Solid Waste Management Practices in the Selected Barangays of Legazpi City. College of Social Science and Philosophy, Department of Sociology Daraga, Albay.
Neyfakh, Leon. (2012, November 25). The Plastic Bag Wars. [Online]. Available: http://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2012/11/25/the-plastic-bagwars/qFW5setLb3E4EEIk24uXHO/story.html [2012, December 11]. San Francisco’s Epic Failure. [Online]. Available: http://savetheplasticbag.com/ [2012, December 10].
The Anti-Plastic Bag Movement Just Scored Its Biggest Victory Yet. (2012, May 25). [Online]. Available: http://www.businessinsider.com/los-angelese-ban-plasticbags-2012-5 [2012, December 10].
Quisam, N.L. et al. (2009). Implementation of Ordinances in Support of Climate Change Mitigation. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Bicol University College of Business, Economics and Management.
28
Yapchiongco, M. R. R. (2012, March 29). Metro-wide Plastic Ban set for 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.thepoc.net/thepoc-features/buhay-pinoy/buhay-pinoyfeatures/15507-metro-wide-plastic-ban-set-for-2013.html [2012, December 10].
29 APPENDICES Appendix A. Letter for Mayor Geraldine Rosal Appendix B. Letter for the Barangay Chairperson of the selected barangays Appendix C. Survey Questionnaire for the Residents Appendix D. Interview Guide for the Key Informants Appendix E. Copy of City Ordinance (Executive Order No. 18 s. 2012)
