Tesis Unamba, "YOGURT BATIDO"

WONTG U NACA NACA OC@NBOCH OC@N BOCH IN@CGHC E C QNACP QNAC P AG AG C[WU C[ WUÉI ÉI @ D @WHQCA @WH QCA AG AG NOLGONGUÉC

       

                              



QGPNP [CUC B[QCU GH QNQWHB [UBDGPNB CH AG NOLGONGUB CLUBNOAWPQUNCH

ALCU @BOABUN TCHTGUAG Ceco`cy Ceco`cy,, sgtngie sgtngierg rg agh 5;3; 5;3;

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WONTGUPNACA OC@NBOCH IN@CGHC ECPQNACP AG C[WUÉIC@ DC@WHQCA AG NOLGONGUÉC GP@WGHC C@CAÎIN@B [UBDGPNBOCH AG NOLGONGUÉC CLUBNOAWPQUNCH

Furcab @chndn`cabr Notglrcab [br6

Nol. Acvna Dgrocoab [chbinob Sunspg [rgsnagotg

Nol. Uutj Igry @`bpc Dhbrgs Furcab

Nol. Chgx Iuóbz Iuóbz @ã`grgs @ã`grgs Furcab

Nol. Fbrlg Igoabzc Igoabzc @ã`grgs @ã`grgs





































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C ié qugrnac y gstnicac icarg= Egrtjc Tchvgrag Crncs, pbr su su gtgroc cicenhnaca cicenhnaca y cdg`tb. C ié pcarg= @crhbs @boabrn Pão`jgz, pbr gh @crnób y `biprgosnðo `biprgosnðo qug sngiprg sngiprg pusb go in. C ins jgricobs. jgricobs. C Anbs, pbr luncrig y sbstgogrig sbstgogrig aurcotg tbab gh tngipb tngipb qug qug ig qugac qugac vnvnr…





































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C ié chic ictjgr ‘Wonvgrsnaca Oc`nboch In`cghc Ecstnacs ag C pur pu r é i c`’ , , pbr gh dnoco`ncingo dnoco`ncingotb tb go gh sgluoab sgluoab `boùrsb `boùrsb ag cotgprbyg`tb cotgprbyg`tb ag tgsns 5;;>, brlconzcab brlconzcab pbr hc `binsnðo ag hc uonaca ag novgstnlc`nðo novgstnlc`nðo ag hc WOCIEC.

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Ch Nol. Fbrlg Eghtrão Igoabzc @ã`grgs, pbr sgr in pctrb`nocotg aurcotg hc gfgù`n gfgù`nðo ðo ag gstg trcecfb trcecfb ag novg novgstnl stnlc`n c`nðo. ðo.

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Ch Nol. Ighquncags Ighquncags Ecrrclão @boabrn, pbr hc csgsbréc csgsbréc go gh icogfb agh gqunpb Mfghacjh.

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Ch Nol. Fustb Crncs, pbr dc`nhntcrig dc`nhntcrig y cpbycrig go gh icogfb ag chluobs gqunpbs.

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C hc Nol. Lucachupg @jcqunhhc Sunh`c, y ch Nol. Duhlgo`nb Tnh`coqun [îrgz, pbr dc`nhntcrig hbs hcebrctbrnbs, `bib anrg`tbr ag hc dcùhtca ag Nolgongréc Nolgongréc Clrbnoaustrnch. Clrbnoaustrnch.

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-

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C hbs ingierbs agh furcab `chndn`cabr. `chndn`cabr. C in jgricob jgricob Fuco Ublgr @boabrn @boabrn Tchvgrag. Tchvgrag. C ins `bhglcs, Nolb Icr`b Furb y Fgsös Czurno @ã`grgs, qungogs ig cpbycrbo go go hbs prnigrbs prnigrbs gxpgrnigotbs. gxpgrnigotbs.

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C `cac uob ag hbs nolgongrbs nolgongrbs qug ig nipcrtngrbo nipcrtngrbo hbs `bob`ningotbs `bob`ningotbs eãsn`bs go hcs `hcsgs `hcsgs ag hc uonvgrsnaca. uonvgrsnaca.

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C tbabs ins cinlbs y `bipcógrbs `bipcógrbs qug sngiprg ig ibtnvcrbo aurcotg in dbric`nðo prbdgsnboch prbdgsnboch y pcrc rgchnzcr rgchnzcr gh trcecfb trcecfb ag novgstnlc`nðo. novgstnlc`nðo.





































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ÉOAN@G ÉOAN@G AG @BOQGONAB @BOQGONAB UGPWIGO

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NOQUBAW@@NÐO

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ICU@B QG UN@B

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5.3. [rbau``nðo ag hg`jg drgs`c go gh [grö y rglnðo ag Cpuréic`

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5.5. @crc`tgréstn @crc`tgréstn`cs `cs lgogrchgs lgogrchgs ag hc hg`jg

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5.5.3.

Agdnon`nðo

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5.5.5.

@bipbsn`nðo nðo

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5.5.0.

Gstru`turc

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5.5.0.3. 5.5.0.3. Hbs czö`c czö`crgs rgs ag hc hg`jg hg`jg

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5.5.0.5. 5.5.0.5. [rbtgéocs [rbtgéocs ag hc hg`jg hg`jg

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5.5.0.0. 5.5.0.0. In`ghcs In`ghcs ag ag `csgéoc `csgéoc

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5.5. 5.5.1. 1.

In`r In`rbe benb nbhb hblé lécc ag hc hg`j hg`jgg

34

5.5.1.3. 5.5.1.3. In`rbenbhb In`rbenbhbléc léc agh notgrnb notgrnbrr ag hc uerg uerg

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5.5.1.5. 5.5.1.5. @botcinoc` @botcinoc`nðo nðo gxtgroc gxtgroc ag hc hg`jg

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5.0. 5.0. Mnwn`j Mnwn`jcc ( Cicrcotjus Cicrcotjus `cuactus)

3:

5.0. 5.0.3. 3.

@hcs @hcsnd ndn` n`c` c`nð nðo o ebtã ebtãon on`c `c

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5.0.5.

Brnlgo

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@crc @crc`t `tgr grés éstn` tn`cs cs ibrd ibrdbh bhðl ðln` n`cs cs

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5.0. 5.0.1. 1.

Gstr Gstru` u`tu turc rc y su `bip `bipbs bsn` n`nð nðo o

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5.0. 5.0.7. 7.

Wsbs Wsbs y agrn agrnvc vcab abss ag mnwn mnwn`j `jcc

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5.0. 5.0.4. 4.

@crc @crc`t `tgr grés éstn` tn`cs cs agh agh chin chinað aðo o ag mnw mnwn` n`jc jc

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54

5.1. 5.1. ^blurt ^blurt 5.1.3.

@bipbsn`nðo

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5.1.5. 5.1.5.

Ugqug Ugqugrni rningo ngotbs tbs outr outrn`n n`nboc bochgs hgs ag ag hcs ec`t ec`tgrn grncs cs hã`tn hã`tn`c `css

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5.1.0. 5.1.0.

Agscrrbhhb Agscrrbhhb ag hcs ec`tgrncs ec`tgrncs hã`tn`cs hã`tn`cs go hc hg`jg hg`jg y gstniuh gstniuhc`nð c`nðo o agh agh

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`rg`ningotb 5.1.0.3. 5.1.0.3. Agscrrbhh Agscrrbhhb b ag hcs ec`tgrn ec`tgrncs cs hã`tn`cs hã`tn`cs

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5.1.0.5. 5.1.0.5. @rg`ningo @rg`ningotb tb ag hcs ec`tg ec`tgrncs rncs hã`tn`cs hã`tn`cs

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5.1.1 .1.1..

Dgrig rigotc otc`nðo nðo hã` hã`tn`c tn`c

5.1.1.3. Igtcebhntbs dbricabs go go hc dgrigotc`nðo

0: 1;

5.1.7. 5.1.7.

[rbpng [rbpngaca acags gs angtît angtîtn`c n`css y outrntn outrntnvc vcss agh agh yblu yblurt rt

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5.1. 5.1.4. 4.

[rbp [rbpng ngac acag agss désn désn`b `b brl brlco cobh bhîp îptn` tn`cs cs

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5.1. 5.1.<. <.

@cpc @cpc`n `nac aca a ag `bo `bosg sgrv rvc` c`nð nðo o

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NNN. NNN. [CUQG CUQG GZ[ GZ[GU GUNI NIGO GOQC QCH H

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0.3. Ictgrnchgs

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0.3.3.

Ictgrnch nchgs ag gos goscyb

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0.3.5.

Ugc`tnvbs

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0.3.0.

Gqunpbs

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Icqunocrncs

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Iganbs ag ag ù ùhtnv tnvb

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Noauigotcrnc

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0.5. 0.5. Iîtb Iîtbab abss ag coãh coãhns nsns ns

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Coãh Coãhns nsns ns qué quéin in`b `b prb prbxn xnic ichh ag jcr jcrno nocc ag mnwn mnwn`j `jcc

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Coãh Coãhns nsns ns quéi quéin` n`b b prbxn prbxnic ichh ag hg`j hg`jgg drgs` drgs`cc

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0.5. 0.5.0. 0.

Coãh Coãhns nsns ns désn désn`b `bss ag ag hg` hg`jg jg drgs drgs`c `c

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Coãhns Coãhnsns ns dnsn`b dnsn`bqué quéin` in`b b ag ag gxtrc gxtrc`tb `tb ag mnwn`j mnwn`jcc

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0.5. 0.5.7. 7.

Coãh Coãhns nsns ns dns dnsn` n`bq bqué uéin in`b `b agh agh ybl yblur urtt

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0.5. 0.5.4. 4.

Coãh Coãhns nsns ns in` in`rb rben enbh bhðl ðln` n`b b ag yblu yblurt rt

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0.0.3.

Ictgrnc pr prnic

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Betg Betgo` o`nð nðo o ag jcrno jcrnocc ag mnwn` mnwn`jc jc

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Betg Betgo` o`nð nðo o ag ag gxtr gxtrc` c`tb tb ag mnwn mnwn`j `jcc

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[rgp [rgpcr crc` c`nð nðo o agh agh ùhtn ùhtnvb vb icar icargg

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0.0.7. 0.0.7.

Gvchuc Gvchuc`nð `nðo o ag hc dgri dgrigo gotce tcenhna nhnaca ca ag ag hcs ec` ec`tgr tgrncs ncs hã`tn hã`tn`c `css

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0.0.4. 0.0.4.

Betgo`nðo Betgo`nðo ag yblurt yblurt ectnab ectnab iganc igancotg otg sustntu`nð sustntu`nðo o pcr`nch pcr`nch ag hg`jg hg`jg

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Agtg Agtgri rino noc` c`nð nðo o ag hc hc vnac vnac ötnh ötnh agh agh prb prbau au`t `tb b

0.1. 0.1. Coãh Coãhns nsns ns gstc gstcaé aést stn` n`bb 0.1.3.

Ansgób dc` dc`tbrnch nch

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1.5. 1.5.

Gvch Gvchuc uc`n `nðo ðo ag ag `noî `noîtn tn`c `c ag ag dgrig dgrigot otc` c`nð nðo o

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Coãh Coãhns nsns ns sgo sgosb sbrn rnch ch ag ag ybl yblur urtt

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Agtg Agtgri rino noc` c`nð nðo o ag ag vnac vnac ötnh ötnh

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1.7. 1.7.3. 3. @crc @crc`t `tgr grnz nzc` c`nð nðo o prgh prghni nino nocr cr agh agh yblu yblurt rt ðptni ðptnib b y pctrð pctrðo o

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1.7.5.0. Agtgrinoc`nðo ag vnac ötnh ecfb rgdrnlgrc`nðo

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@BO@ @BO@HW HWPN PNBO BOGP GP ^ UG@B UG@BIG IGOA OAC@ C@NB NBOG OGPP

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Ug` Ug`bigo igoac` ac`nbog nbogss

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ÉOAN@G AG QCEHCP Qcehc ;3.

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Qcehc ;5.

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Qcehc ;1.

[rbpngacags ag hbs prno`npchgs ghgigotbs ag hc hg`jg

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Qcehc Qcehc ;7.

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brlconsibs qug sbo nipbrtcotgs go hc hg`jg Qcehc ;4.

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Qceh Qcehcc ;<. ;<.

@bot @botgo gona nab b ag cino cinobã bã`n `nab abss ag hc prbt prbtgé géoc oc ag mnwn mnwn`j `jc, c,

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`bipcrcab `bo hg`jg, jugvb y `bo gh pctrðo ag cinobã`nabs Qcehc Qcehc ;:.

Gstnic`nð Gstnic`nðo o ùcotntct ùcotntctnvc nvc ag cinhbs cinhbscc y cinhbpg` cinhbpg`tnoc tnoc agh agh

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chinaðo ag Cicrcotjus `cuactus Hnogb y ag Vcgc icys Qcehc ;>.

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Qcehc Qcehc 3;.

[rbau` [rbau``nð `nðo o ag `bipugst `bipugstbs bs `crebonh `crebonhb b (ppi) (ppi) pbr hbs

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ùhtnvbs ùhtnvbs gstãrtgr gstãrtgr agh yblurt yblurt Qcehc Qcehc 33.

Gs`c Gs`chc hc jgaðo jgaðon`c n`c ag ag vchuc` vchuc`nðo nðo sgos sgosbrn brnch ch pcrc pcrc hbs hbs ctrneu ctrneutbs tbs ag `bhbr, `bhbr, scebr y c`gptcenhnaca go lgogrch, lgogrch, sglöo coãhnsns coãhnsns

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Qcehc 31.

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@crc`tgréstn`cs désn`cs y sgosbrnchgs ag gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc

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mnwn`jc ch 37 % y hg`jg drgs`c (go % ecsg jöigac) Qcehc Qcehc 3:.

@bipbs @bipbsn`n n`nðo ðo quéin`c quéin`c ag hc igz`hc igz`hc gotrg gxtrc` gxtrc`tb tb ag

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Coãhnsns quéin`b prbxnich ag hb hbs yb yblurts

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Qceh Qcehcc 5;. 5;.

Coãh Coãhns nsns ns dns dnsn` n`bq bqué uéin in`b `b y sgo sgosb sbrn rnch ch agh agh ybl yblurt urt ðptn ðptnib ib y gh gh

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pctrðo Qceh Qcehcc 53. 53.

Coãh Coãhns nsns ns in`rb in`rben enbh bhðl ðln` n`b b agh yblurt yblurt `bo `bo gxtrc` gxtrc`tb tb ag

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mnwn`jc mnwn`jc y gh pctrðo pctrðo (Chic`goc (Chic`gocab ab c tgipg tgipgrctur rcturcc ciengotg ciengotg)) Qcehc Qcehc 55.

Coãhns Coãhnsns ns in`r in`rbe benbhð nbhðln` ln`b b agh agh yblu yblurt rt ðptn ðptnib ib y gh pctr pctrðo ðo

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(Chic`gocab ecfb rgdrnlgrc`nðo 7 ³ 5 ¶@) Qcehc Qcehc 50.

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ÉOAN@G ÉOAN@G AG DNLWUCP DNLWUCP Dnlurc ;3 [rbau``nðo couch ag hg`jg drgs`c go gh [grö

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hg`jg sglöo gh pJ Dnlurc ;> ;> Ibaghb gsqugiãtn`b ag in`ghc ag `csgéoc

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Dnlurc 3; Gstru`turc ag uoc suein`ghc ag `csgéoc

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Dnlurc Dnlurc 33 Ugprgsgo Ugprgsgotc`nð tc`nðo o gsqugiãtn`c gsqugiãtn`c ag hc uonðo uonðo ag abs

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mnwn`jc Dnlurc Dnlurc 30 [rb`gsb [rb`gsb ag ghcebrc` ghcebrc`nðo nðo ag yblurt yblurt `bo `bo ecsg ecsg go hg`jg hg`jg y

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ag yblurt sgiercab g noùecabs c 1;¶@ go hg`jg agsoctcac gstgrnhnzcac go cutb`hcvg y sgiercac `bo uo 5,;% ag ùhtnvb Dnlurc 3: Igtcebhnsib ag hc hc`tbsc go hcs ec`tgrncs hã`tn`cs

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Dnlurc Dnlurc 3> Anclrcic Anclrcic ag ehbqug ehbqugss pcrc hc betgo betgo`nðo `nðo ag gxtrc` gxtrc`tb tb ag ag

71

mnwn`jc Dnlurc Dnlurc 5; Anclrcic Anclrcic ag ehbqug ehbqugss pcrc hc ghcebrc ghcebrc`nðo `nðo ag ùhtnvb ùhtnvb

77

icarg Dnlurc Dnlurc 53 Anclrcic Anclrcic ag ehbqugs ehbqugs agh agh prb`gsb prb`gsb ag betgo`nðo betgo`nðo ag

7>

yblurt ectnab igancotg sustntu`nðo pcr`nch ag hg`jg drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc Dnlurc Dnlurc 55 @bipbrtcing @bipbrtcingotb otb ag pJ pJ go duo`nðo duo`nðo ch tngipb, tngipb, go go hbs

<5

trctcingotbs y gh pctrðo, aurcotg hc dgrigotc`nðo Dnlurc Dnlurc 50 [rbau``nð [rbau``nðo o ag ã`nab ã`nab hã`tn`b hã`tn`b go duo`nð duo`nðo o ch tngipb, tngipb, go

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

Dnlurc Dnlurc 54 Ugsuigo Ugsuigo ag hc gvchuc` gvchuc`nðo nðo ag coãhnsns coãhnsns sgosbrnc sgosbrnchh ag

<:

c`gptcenhnaca go lgogrch, ag hbs trctcingotbs ag yblurt `bipcrcab `bo rgspg`tb ch pctrðo Dnlurc Dnlurc 5< @bipbrtcing @bipbrtcingotb otb ag pJ, c`nagz y vns`bsnaca vns`bsnaca agh

:>

yblurt `bo `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc, mnwn`jc, go duo`nðo duo`nðo ch tngipb (rgchnzcab pbr sngierc anrg`tc ag ùhtnvb hã`tn`b) Dnlurc Dnlurc 5: @bipbrtcing @bipbrtcingotb otb ag pJ, Tns`bsnaca Tns`bsnaca y c`nagz agh

>;

pctrðo, go duo`nðo ch tngipb (rgchnzcab pbr sngierc anrg`tc ag ùhtnvb hã`tn`b) Dnlurc Dnlurc 5> @bipbr @bipbrtci tcingo ngotb tb ag hcs prbpng prbpngaca acags gs dnsn`b dnsn`bqué quéin`c in`cs, s,

>3

agh yblurt ðptnib y pctrðo, aurcotg hc dgrigotc`nðo go duo`nðo ch tngipb Dnlurc Dnlurc 0; @bipbrtcing @bipbrtcingotb otb ag pJ, Tns`bsnac Tns`bsnaca a y

c`nagz c`nagz agh

yblurt `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc y pctrðo go duo`nðo ch

>7







































UGPWIGO Hc prbau``nðo ag yblurt go hc prbvno`nc y hc rglnðo, jcstc hc c`tuchnaca sbhb sg ac go dbric crtgscoch y c pgqugóc gs`chc, gstb agenab c hc ecfc prbau``nðo y gh no`rgigotb agh prg`nb ag hc hg`jg hg`jg drgs`c, drgs`c, hbs ùchgs ùchgs `bohhgvco gh rgau`nab `bosuib ag hg`jg y sus agrnvcabs, agrnvcabs, lgogrãoabsg csé hc gxnstgo`nc gxnstgo`nc ag hc agsoutrn`nðo ag onóbs y cauhtbs go hc rglnðo ag Cpuréic`. [br btrb hcab, gxnstg uo prbehgic c onvgh iuoanch, qug gs hc notbhgrco`nc c hc hc`tbsc. Igancotg gstcs prbehgiãtn`cs y og`gsnacags nagotndn`cacs, gh prgsgotg trcecfb ag novgstnlc`nðo novgstnlc`nðo tngog `bib dnochnaca acr chtgroctnvcs ag sbhu`nðo sbhu`nðo `bo gh agrnvcab hã`tgb, hã`tgb, betgongoab uo yblurt ectnab igancotg igancotg sustntu`nðo pcr`nch pcr`nch ag hg`jg drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc.. [crc [crc tch dno sg gstuan gstuanð ð abs vcrnc vcrncehgs, ehgs, gh prnigrb prnigrb dug dug agtgrinoc agtgrinocrr hc `cotnac `cotnaca a cagùcac ag anhu`nðo ag jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc go cluc, cluc, go prbpbr`nbogs ag 37 y 5; % pcrc hc bet betgo go`n `nðo ðo agh agh gxtr gxtrc` c`tb tb ag ag mnw mnwn` n`jc jc dnhtr dnhtrca cac. c. Gh sglu sgluoa oab b vcr vcrnc nceh ehgg tcie tcienî nîo o dug dug agtgrinoc agtgrinocrr hc `cotnaca `cotnaca ðptnic ag hc sustntu`nð sustntu`nðo o agh gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc go hg`jg drgs`c, drgs`c, go `bo`gotrc`nbogs `bo`gotrc`nbogs ag 5; y 1; % pcrc hc betgo`nðo betgo`nðo ag yblurt yblurt ectnab. [crc hblrcr gh befgtnvb, befgtnvb, sg rgchnzð rgchnzð hc gvchuc`nð gvchuc`nðo o ag prbpnga prbpngacags cags dnsn`bquéi dnsn`bquéin`cs n`cs,, coãhnsns coãhnsns sgosbrnch sgosbrnch y coãhnsns quéin`b prbxnich prbxnich ag tbabs hbs trctcingotbs `bo `bo rgspg`tb ch pctrðo. Ch `bo`hu `bo`hunr nr gh gstuanb gstuanb sg agtgrinoð agtgrinoð qug gh Q1 (yblurt (yblurt betgonab betgonab `bo uoc uoc anhu`nð anhu`nðo o ag 5; % ag jcrnoc jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc go cluc cluc y `bo uoc sustntu`nð sustntu`nðo o ag 1; % ag gxtrc` gxtrc`tb tb ag mnwn`jc go hg`jg drgs`c), prgsgotb prgsgotb hcs `crc`tgréstn`cs sninhcrgs sninhcrgs qug gh pctrðo (yblurt c ecsg ag hg` hg`jg drg drgs`c s`c go gotgrc tgrc). ). Gh Q1 ibs ibstrð trð igfb igfbrr `bosn bosnsstgo` tgo`nc nc,, vns vns``bsna snaca y jbibl jbiblgog gognac naca a qug gh pctrðo pctrðo,, ob bestc bestcotg otg gstg gstg trctcing trctcingotb otb supgrb supgrb go gh `botg `botgona onab b ag







































PWIICU^ Qjg yblurt prbau`tnbo no tjg `buoty coa tjg rglnbo, uotnh tjg chbog prgsgot tnig ns lnvgo no jcoaicag dbri coa tb sichh s`chg, tjns aug tb tjg arbp prbau`tnbo coa tjg no`rgigot bd tjg prn`g bd tjg drgsj inhm, wjn`j egcr c rgau`ga `bosuiptnbo bd inhm coa nts agrnvga, egnol lgogrctga tjns wcy tjg gxnstgo`g bd tjg ichoutrntnbo bd `jnhargo coa cauhts no tjg rglnbo bd Cpuréic`. Bo tjg btjgr jcoa, c prbehgi gxnsts ct wbrha hgvgh tjct ns tjg notbhgrco`g tb tjg hc`tbsg. Ey igcos bd tjgsg prbehgis coa nagotndnga og`gssntngs, tjg prgsgot novgstnlctnbo wbrm jcs cs purpbsg tb lnvg chtgroctnvg bd sbhutnbo wntj tjg bog agrnvga inhmy, betcnonol c yblurt egctgo ey igcos bd pcrtnch suestntutnbo bd drgsj inhm wntj mnwn`jc gxtrc`t. Dbr su`j su`j co goa nt wcs stuanga twb vcrncehgs, tjg dnrst wgrg tb agtgrinog tjg cpprbprnctg qucotnty bd anhutnbo bd mnwn`jc dhbur no wctgr, no prbpbrtnbos bd 37 coa 5;% dbr tjg betcnonol bd tjg gxtrc`t bd dnhtgrga mnwn`jc. Qjg sg`boa vcrncehg wcs chsb tb agtgrinog tjg lbba qucotnty bd tjg suestntutnbo bd tjg mnwn`jc gxtrc`t no drgsj inhm, no `bo`gotrctnbos bd 5; coa 1;% dbr tjg betcnonol bd egctgo yblurt. Qb c`jngvg tjg befg`tnvg, jg/sjg wcs `crrnga but tjg gvchuctnbo bd pjysnb`jgin`ch prbpgrtngs, sgosbrnch cochysns coa cochysns `jgin`ch prbxnich bd chh tjg trgctigots wntj rglcra tb tjg pcttgro. \jgo `bo`huanol tjg stuay nt wcs agtgrinoga tjct Q1 (yblurt betcnoga wntj c anhutnbo bd 5;% bd mnwn`jc dhbur no wctgr coa wntj c suestntutnbo bd 1;% bd mnwn`jc gxtrc`t no drgsj inhm), prgsgotga tjg sninhcr `jcrc`tgrnstn`s tjct tjg pcttgro (yblurt wntj tjg jghp bd drgsj wjbhg inhm). Q1 sjbwga egttgr `bosnstgo`y,







































N. NOQU NOQUB BAW@@ AW@@NÐ NÐO O

Pglö Pglöoo Icjc Icjcut ut y `bh `bh.. (5;; (5;;1) 1),, gh ybl yblur urtt prg prgsg sgot otcc vcr vcrnc ncss vgo vgotc tcfc fcss pcrc pcrc hc chnigotc`nðo juicoc, pbr hc dc`nhnaca ag cesbr`nðo ag hc hc`tbsc, cuigotb ag hc anlgstnenhnaca ag prbtgéocs, igfbrc ag hc anlgstnenhnaca ag hc ictgrnc lrcsc, c`tnvnaca cotnin`rbencoc, gstniuhc`nðo agh snstgic noiuog, c``nðo prgvgotnvc `botrc hbs `ão`grgs agh snstgic anlgstnvb y pbr hc c``nðo cotn`bhgstgrîin`c.

Anvgrscs tîòn`cs sg jco prbpugstb pcrc cuigotcr hc vnac ötnh agh yblurt, cuoqug gxnstgo chluocs `botrbvgrsncs sberg hc `brrg``nðo ag agobinocr gstbs prbau`tbs `bib ‘yblurt’, yc qug hc icybréc ag hcs obrics h glchgs

gstcehg`go qug

gh ‘yblurt’ ageg `botgogr uo oöigrb ceuoacotg y vncehg ag Ptrgptb`b`ùs tjgribpjnhus

sn

y Hc`tbec`nhhus euhlcrnùs. Pno Pno giec giecrl rlbb Qcin Qcinog og y Aggt Aggt,, (3>: (3>:;) ;) ré

ehg rgsgrvcr gh tîrinob ‘yblurt’ ch prbau`tb







































y gh no`rgigotb no`rgigotb agh agh prg`nb prg`nb ag hc hg`jg hg`jg drgs`c, drgs`c, hbs ùchgs ùchgs `bohhgvco `bohhgvco gh rgau`nab rgau`nab `bosui `bosuibb ag ag hg`jg hg`jg y sus agrnvc agrnvcabs abs,, lgogrã lgogrãoab oabsg sg csé hc gxnstgo gxnstgo`nc `nc ag hc agsoutrn`nðo ag onóbs y cauhtbs go hc rglnðo ag Cpuréic`. [br btrb hcab, gxnstg uo prbehgic c onvgh iuoanch= qug gs hc notbhgrco`nc c hc hc`tbsc.

Drgotg Drgotg c gstcs gstcs og`gsnacag og`gsnacags, s, hc giprgsc giprgsc Lhbrnc Lhbrnc P.C.C. P.C.C. gstã prbib` prbib`nboco nbocoab ab y `bigr`nchnzcoab yblurt ag sbyc ag anstnotbs scebrgs, `bo hc dnochnaca ag rgau`nr hbs `bstbs `bstbs ag ag prbau``nð prbau``nðo, o, acr cpbrtgs cpbrtgs sberg gh gh prbehgic prbehgic ag `bhgstgrbh, `bhgstgrbh, notbhgr notbhgrco`nc co`nc y hc agsoutrn`nðo.

Iganco Igancotg tg gstcs gstcs prbehg prbehgiãtn iãtn`cs `cs y og`gsna og`gsnacag cagss nagotndn nagotndn`ca `cacs, cs, gh prgsgo prgsgotg tg trcecfb trcecfb ag novgs novgstnl tnlc`nð c`nðoo tngog tngog `bib `bib dnochna dnochnaca, ca, acr uo uo cpbrtg cpbrtg tgòb tgòbhðl hðln`b n`b go go uo agrnvc agrnvcab ab hã`t hã`tgb gb,, betgo betgong ngoa oabb uo yblu yblurt rt ectna ectnabb igan iganco cotg tg sustn sustntu tu`nð `nðoo pcr` pcr`nc nchh ag hg`jg hg`jg drgs` drgs`cc `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc.









































y pr prbp bpng ngac acag agss dns dnsn`b n`bqu quéin éin`c `cs, s, sg phc phcot otgð gð rgchn rgchnzcr zcr hc gfgù gfgù`nð `nðoo ag gstg gstg trcecf trcecfbb ag novgstnlc`nðo `bo hbs snlungotgs befgtnvbs6 @bib @b ib bef befgt gtnv nvbb lg lgog ogrc rchh du dug6 g6 Ag Agtg tgri rino nocr cr hbs pcrãigtrbs ðptnibs ag sustntu`nðo pcr`nch pcr`nch ag hg`jg drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc go hc betgo`nðo betgo`nðo ag yblurt yblurt ectnab. ectnab.

Go aboag aboag pcrc pcrc ch`cozcr ch`cozcr gh befgtnvb befgtnvb lgog lgogrch, rch, sg phcotgcr phcotgcrbo bo hbs snlung snlungotg otgss bef befgtn gtnvbs vbs gspg`édn`bs6

-

Betgog Betgogrr hcs `cot `cotnac nacags ags cagùc cagùcacs acs ag prbp prbpbr` br`nðo nðo ag hc jcrnoc jcrnoc ag ag mnwn` mnwn`jc jc y







































NN. ICU@B ICU@B QGÐUN@B QGÐUN@B 5.3. 5.3. [rba [rbau` u``n `nðo ðo ag hg`j hg`jgg drg drgs` s`cc go go gh [grö [grö y rgln rglnðo ðo ag Cpur Cpuréi éic` c` Dnlurc Dnlurc ;3. [rbau``nðo [rbau``nðo couch ag hg`jg drgs`c go gh [grö [grö







































Dnlurc ;0. Tcrnc`nðo ag prg`nb ag hg`jg drgs`c go gh [grö (3>><-5;;>)

Ugdgrgo`nc6 Inonstgrnb ag Clrnùhturc-Bdn`noc ag gstuanbs g`boðin`bs y gstcaéstn`bs

([grö6 ([grö6 @bipgoanb @bipgoanb 5;;>). 5;;>).







































5.5. 5.5. @crc` @crc`tg tgrés réstn` tn`cs cs lgogr lgogrchg chgss ag ag hc hg`jg hg`jg 5.5.3 5.5.3.. Agdnon Agdnon`n `nðo ðo Gs gh prbau`tb éotglrb ob chtgrcab on cauhtgrcab agh bragób jnlnîon`b, rgluhcr y `biphgtb ag vc`cs scocs y engo chnigotcacs, sno `chbstrb y gxgotb ag `bhbr, bhbr, scebr y `bosnstgo`nc cobrichgs y qug ob jc snab sbigtnab c prb`gscingotb b trctcingotb trctcingotb chluob chluob (Tn`gotg, 5;;3). 5;;3). Agsag gh puotb ag vnstc enbhðln`b, hc hg`jg gs gh prbau`tb ag hc sg`rg`nðo ag hcs lhãoauhcs qug c tch dno tngogo hcs jgiercs iciédgrcs, ùyc duo`nðo octurch gs hc chnigotc`nðo chnigotc`nðo ag hbs rg`nîo rg`nîo oc`nabs oc`nabs (Brabógz, (Brabógz, 5;;3). 5;;3).







































Qcehc Qcehc ;3. @bipbs @bipbsn`nð n`nðoo outrn` outrn`nbo nboch ch ag hc hg`jg hg`jg drgs`c drgs`c @bipbogotgs Gogrléc M`ch [rbtgéoc (%) Lrcsc (%) @crebjnarctbs (%) Cluc (%) @hbrb (il) @ch`nb (il) Dðsdbrb (il) [btcsnb (il) Tntcinoc C (il) Tntcinoc E3 (il) Tntcinoc @ (il)

@cotnaca 4: 0,0 0,4 1,: :< 3;> 31; >; 31; ;,;0 ;,;1 3,;









































5.5.0. 5.5.0. Gstru`tu Gstru`turc rc Hc gstru`turc pugag agdnonrsg `bib hc anspbsn`nðo désn`c ag hbs `bipbogotgs quéin` qué in`bs bs go uo snstg snstgic. ic. Hc rgprg rgprgsgot sgotc`n c`nðo ðo ag gstc gstc sg prgsg prgsgotc otc go hc dnlu dnlurc rc ;4, ;4, (\chstrc (\chstrc y `bh., `bh., 5;;3). 5;;3). (C) Héqunab Héqunab uondbrig uondbrig.. Pno giecrlb giecrlb gstg héqunab héqunab gs turenb, turenb, hb qug qug snlondn`c snlondn`c qug ob







































Qcehc ;5. @bipbsn`nð @bipbsn`nðoo y gstru`turc gstru`turc ag hc hg`jg (`cotnacags (`cotnacags go 3 ml) LH EWHBP LUCPBP Lhn`îrnabs Qrnlhn`îrnabs An lhn`îrnabs Ibob lhn`îrnabs

1; l ;.3l 3; il

Ã`nabs lrcsbs Gstgrbhgs

4; il >; il

IN@GHCP AG @CPG OC [rbtgéoc @csgéoc [rbtgbsc - p. Pchgs @ch`nb Dbsdctb

54 l + 5l :7; il 3;;; il







































5.5. 5.5.0. 0.3. 3. Hbs Hbs czö` czö`cr crgs gs ag ag hc hg` hg`jg jg Gh czö`cr prno`npch ag hc hg`jg gs hc hc`tbsc, sg goùgotrc gotrg 1;-7; l/h, pbr gsb sg cócag czö`cr c hc hg`jg ag vc`c pcrc hc`tco`nc crtndn`nch. Btrbs czu`crgs qug `bodbrico go pgqugócs `cotnacags ag il b ul sbo (lhu`bsc, lchc`tbsc, cinobczö`crgs, czö`crgs, czö`crgs czö`crgs dbsdbrnhcabs, dbsdbrnhcabs, gt`.) gt`.) ([rni ^ödgr 3>>:). 3>>:).







































`bostntuyg gh :; % c rbxnicacigotg ag hcs prbtgéocs ag hc hg`jg y hcs sughtcs go gh sugrb sugrb gh 5; % rgstc rgstcotg. Ugsp Ugspg` g`tb tb c hc hc pcut pcutc ag hc DCB, DCB, hcs hcs prbtg prbtgéo éocs cs ag hc hg`jg hg`jg sbo agdn`ngotgs go igtnb gtnboonoc noc + `nst `nstgé gé c y hnlgr nlgrccigotg ag agdn`ngot ngotggs go go trn trnptð cob, sbergpcsc obtcehgigotg go go ù ùc tb ch `botgonab `botgonab go go hnsnoc hnsnoc ([rnib ([rnib ^ödgrc, ^ödgrc, 3>> ).







































Dnl rc ;>. Ibaghb Ibaghb gsqugiãtn gsqugiãtn`b `b ag in`ghc ag `csgéoc

Pue in`ghc @cagoc schngotg



















































































































 

c h

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































-

@u`jcrbogs pcrc ectnr

-

Echcozc `bigr`nch `cpc`naca ag 357; l

0.3. 0.3.<. <. Noau Noauig igot otcr crnc nc -

Lucotgs

-

Icoanh

-

Lbrrc

-

Ecrenfb

-

Ebtcs

0.5. 0.5. Iîtba Iîtbabs bs ag ag coã coãhns hnsns ns 0.5.3 0.5.3.. Coãhns Coãhnsns ns qu quéi éin`b n`b prbx prbxnic nichh ag jcrno jcrnocc ag ag mnwn` mnwn`jc jc Gh coãhnsns prbxnich ag hc jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc, sg agtgrinoð sglöo hbs iîtbabs bdn`nch bdn`nchgs gs ag ag coãhns coãhnsns ns CBC@ CBC@ y OQ[, OQ[, go gh gh Hcebrc Hcebrctbr tbrnb nb ag Suéin` Suéin`cc ag hc hc Gsùgh Gsùghcc C`caîin`b [rbdgsnboch ag Nolgongréc Clrbnoaustrnch Clrbnoaustrnch ag hc Wonvgrsnaca Oc`nboch In`cghc Ecstnacs ag Cpuréic`.

-

Juigaca6 Juigaca6 Iîtbab 5;>.541 5;>.541 (OQ[ ‐ 5;;3)

-

[rbtgéoc [rbtgéoc in`rb mfghacjh6 mfghacjh6 Iîtbab Iîtbab 35.3.;< 35.3.;< (C.B.C.@, (C.B.C.@, 5;;;)

-

Lrcsc ‐ Pbxjhg Pbxjhgt6 t6 Iîtbab Iîtbab 03.1. 03.1.;5 ;5 (C.B.C (C.B.C.@, .@, 5;;;). 5;;;).

-

@gonzcs6 @gonzcs6 Iîtbab Iîtbab 5;>.547 5;>.547 (OQ[ ‐ 5;;3)

-

Dnerc `ruac6 Iîtbab <.;<0 <.;<0 (C.B.C.@. (C.B.C.@. 3>:1) 3>:1)

-

@crebjnarctbs6 Andgrgo`nc ag hc `bipbsn`nðo % ag juigaca, `gonzc, prbtgéoc,







































0.5.5 0.5.5.. Coãhns Coãhnsns ns qu quéi éin`b n`b prbx prbxnic nichh ag hg` hg`jg jg drg drgs` s`cc Pg rgchnzð ag cùgrab cùgrab ch iîtbab iîtbab ags`rntb pbr pbr hc OQ[ 5;;3 y CBC@ CBC@ 5;;; ‐ 5;;3 5;;3,, go go gh gh Hceb Hcebrc rctb tbrn rnbb ag Suéi Suéin` n`cc ag hc Gsù Gsùgh ghcc C`c C`caî aîin in`b `b [rbd [rbdgs gsnb nboc ochh ag ag Nolgongréc Clrbnoaustrnch ag hc Wonvgrsnaca Oc`nboch In`cghc Ecstnacs ag Cpuréic`. -


-

[rbtgéoc [rbtgéoc in`rb mfghacjh6 mfghacjh6 Iîtbab Iîtbab 35.3.;< 35.3.;< (C.B.C.@, (C.B.C.@, 5;;;)

-

Lrcsc6 Iîtbab Lgregr

-


-

@crebjnarctbs6 Andgrgo`nc ag hc `bipbsn`nðo % ag juigaca, `gonzc, prbtgéoc y lrcs lrcsc. c.

OBQC6 Hbs prb`ganingotbs ag hbs iîtbabs sg agtchhco go gh cpîoan`g ;5.

0.5. 0.5.0. 0. Coãh Coãhns nsns ns dés désn` n`bs bs ag hg` hg`jg jg drg drgs` s`cc Hbs Hbs coãhn coãhnsns sns sg sg gdg` gdg`tuc tucrb rboo go gh Hceb Hcebrc rctb tbrn rnbb ag Suéi Suéin`c n`c y [rb`g [rb`gsc scin ingot gotbb ag [rbau`tbs [rbau`tbs Clrbnoaust Clrbnoaustrnchgs rnchgs ag ag hc Gsùghc Gsùghc C`caîin`b C`caîin`b [rbdgsnboch [rbdgsnboch ag Nolgongréc Nolgongréc Clrbnoaustrnch ag hc Wonvgrsnaca Oc`nboch In`cghc Ecstnacs ag Cpuréic`. -

Agosnaca.- Pg agtgrinob anrg`tcigotg utnhnzcoab gh hc`tbagoséigtrb qugvgoog c 5; ¶@.

-

pJ.- [crc rgchnzcr rgchnzcr gstc gstc igan`nðo igan`nðo sg usð gh gh pbtgo`nðig pbtgo`nðigtrb trb anlntch anlntch icr`c P@JBQQ, gh ùch dug `chnercab prgvncigotg `bo euddgr c pJ 9 1,; y pJ 9 <,;. <,;. Gh vchbr sg betuvb notrbau`ngoab anrg`tcigotg gh ghg`trbab agotrb ag hc







































-

C`nagz Qntuhcehg.- Pg agtgrinoð agtgrinoð ag cùgrab cùgrab ch iîtbab iîtbab 34.;50 34.;50 (C.B.C.@. (C.B.C.@.,, 3>:1). Ecscab go uoc tntuhc`nðo `bo OcBJ ;.3 O. Pg inag > ih ag hg`jg drgs`c go uo vcsb prg`npntcab ag 3;; iH, sg no`brpbrcrbo trgs lbtcs ag dgobhdtchgéo dgobhdtchgéocc ch 3% y sg tntuhc `bo OcBJ OcBJ ;.3 O, jcstc jcstc betgogr betgogr uoc `bhbrc`nðo `bhbrc`nðo rbscac. rbscac. Hc c`nagz sg gxprgsc gxprgsc `bib pbr`gotcf pbr`gotcfgg ag ã`nab hã`tn`b, hã`tn`b, tgongoab tgongoab hc snlungotg rghc`nðo6

% C`nag C`nagz z Qntuhc Qntuhce ehg 9

L ∜O ∜;.;> ;.;> ∜3;; T

Aboag6 L6 lcstb ag OcBJ,

O6 obrichnaca ag OcBJ ;.3O

T6 Tbhuigo tbicab ag hc iugstrc.

0.5.1. 0.5.1. Coãhnsns Coãhnsns dnsn`bq dnsn`bquéi uéin`b n`b ag ag gxtrc gxtrc`tb `tb ag mnwn`j mnwn`jcc -

pJ.- Pg agtgri agtgrinoð noð `bo gh pbtgo pbtgo`nð `nðigt igtrb rb anlnt anlntch ch icr`c icr`c P@JBQQ P@JBQQ..

-

C`nagz.- Go hcs hcs iugstrcs iugstrcs sg rgchnzð rgchnzð pbr tntuhc`nðo tntuhc`nðo utnhnzcoa utnhnzcoabb gh OcBJ ;,3 O jcstc ogutrchnzcr ogutrchnzcr gh gx`gsb gx`gsb ag ag ã`nab ã`nab go prgsgo`n prgsgo`ncc ag uo noan`cab noan`cabrr dgobhdtchgéoc dgobhdtchgéoc qug prgsgotc prgsgotc uoc `bhbrc`nðo `bhbrc`nðo rbscac rbscac c pJ ogutrb, ogutrb, pcrc pcrc huglb huglb gxprgscr gxprgscr gh lcstb ag iH OcBJ ;,3 O c ¶Abron`, (3 iH ag OcBJ gqunvchgotg c 3; ¶A).

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Gh `bhbr sg gvchuð gvchuð igancotg igancotg hc besgrvc`nð besgrvc`nðoo vnsuch y gh scebr pbr pbr coãhnsns brlcobhîptn`b.

-

Hbs coãhnsns quéin`bs sg agtgrinoð `bo hbs insibs iîtbabs ags`rntbs pcrc hc hg`jg drgs`c `bo gx`gp`nðo gx`gp`nðo ag lrcsc qug sg gdg`tuð cphn`coab cphn`coab gh iîtbab iîtbab ag Pbxjhgt.







































0.5.7 0.5.7.. Coãhns Coãhnsns ns dnsn` dnsn`bqu bquéin éin`b `b agh agh yblu yblurt rt -

pJ.- Pg agtgrinoð `bo gh pbtgo`nðigtrb anlntch icr`c P@JBQQ.

-

C`nagz.- Pg agtgrinoð ag cùgrab ch iîtbab 34.;50 (C.B.C.@., 3>:1). Ecscab go uoc tntuhc`nðo `bo OcBJ ;,3 O. Pg pgsc cprbxnicacigotg cprbxnicacigotg 7 l ag iugstrc go uo ictrcz Grhgoigygr ag 57; iH, pbstgrnbrigotg sg cócanð cluc agstnhcac y sg clntð vnlbrbscigotg, vnlbrbscigotg, sg no`brpbrcrbo no`brpbrcrbo trgs lbtcs ag dgobhdtchgéoc ch 3% y sg tntuhð `bo OcBJ ;,3 O, jcstc betgogr uoc `bhbrc`nðo rbscac. Hc c`nagz sg gxprgsð `bib pbr`gotcfg ag ã`nab hã`tn`b, tgongoab hc snlungotg rghc`nðo6 (3iH ag OcBJ ;,3O ;,3O 9 ;,;;> l ag ã`nab hã`tn`b). hã`tn`b). % C`nagz nagz 9

-

(iH agOc ag OcB BJ) ∜(Obric Obrichnac hn aca a agOc ag OcB BJ) ∜> ∜3;; [gsb [gsbag aghc hc iugstrc ugstrc

Agosnaca.- Hc igan`nðo ag gstc prbpngaca, sg rgchnzð c trcvîs agh uo iîtbab lrcvniîtrn`b lrcvniîtrn`b,, giphgcoab giphgcoab pnòðigtrb pnòðigtrbss c tgipgrcturc tgipgrcturc ag 5; ¶@, aboag aboag sg pgsco gh pnòðigtrb vc`éb, gh pnòðigtrb `bo cluc agstnhcac y gh pnòðigtrb `bo yblurt. Hc agosnaca sg betngog `bo hc snlungotg gùc`nðo6 σ

-

9

pgsb (pnòbi pnòbigtrb vc`nb vc`nb + yblur blur)) ∕ pgsb pgsb((pnòbi pnòbig gtrb vc`nb) pgsb ( pnòbi pnòbigtrb vc`nb vc`nb + cluc) uc) ∕ pgsb pgsb((pnòbi pnòbig gtrb vc`nb)

Tns`bsnaca.- Hc gvchuc`nðo ag gstc prbpngaca désn`c sg gdg`tuð utnhnzcoab gh vns`bséigtrb vns`bséigtrb rbtc`nbo rbtc`nboch ch ibaghb6 ibaghb6 PQ ‐ 5;;3, c 4; rpi `bo PA6 H 0 go tbacs hcs iugstrcs iugstrcs ag yblurt, yblurt, hbs vchbrgs vchbrgs betgonabs betgonabs ag (`ps) (`ps) sg gxprgscr gxprgscrbo bo pbstgrnbrigotg go [c.s pcrc pcrc dc`nhntcr dc`nhntcr hbs hbs rgsuhtcabs rgsuhtcabs qug qug sg iugstrco iugstrco iãs







































-

Coãhnsns quéin`b.- Pg rgchnzð ag cùgrab ch iîtbab ags`rntb pbr hc OQ[ 5;;3 y CBC@ 5;;; ‐ 5;;3. 




[rbtgéoc [rbtgéoc in`rb mfghacjh6 mfghacjh6 Iîtbab Iîtbab 35.3.;< 35.3.;< (C.B.C.@, (C.B.C.@, 5;;;) 5;;;)



Lrcsc6 Iîtbab Lgregr






Dnerc6 Dnerc6 Iîtbab Iîtbab <.;<0 (C.B.C.@. (C.B.C.@. 3>:1)



@crebjnarctbs6 Andgrgo`nc ag hc `bipbsn`nðo % ag juigaca, `gonzc, prbtgéoc, lrcsc y dnerc.

OBQC6 Hbs prb`ganingotbs ag hbs iîtbabs sg agtchhco go gh cpîoan`g ;0.

0.5.4 0.5.4.. Coãhns Coãhnsns ns in in`r `rbe benb nbhðl hðln`b n`b ag yblu yblurt rt Gh coãhnsn coãhnsnss in`rbenb in`rbenbhðl hðln`b n`b sg agtgri agtgrinoð noð go gh Hcebrc Hcebrctbr tbrnb nb ag In`rben In`rbenbhb bhbléc léc ag hc Gsùghc C`caîin`b C`caîin`b [rbdgsnboch [rbdgsnboch ag Nolgongréc Nolgongréc Clrbnoau Clrbnoaustrnch strnch ag hc Wonvgrsnaca Wonvgrsnaca Oc`n Oc`nbo boch ch In` In`cg cghc hc Ecs Ecstn tnac acss ag Cpu Cpuré réic ic`. `. [crc [crc ghhb ghhb sg tbi tbiðð `bib `bib ecs ecsgg hbs hbs rgqunsntbs rgqunsntbs in`rben in`rbenbhðl bhðln`bs n`bs gstnpuhcabs gstnpuhcabs pbr hc obric obric tîòn`c tîòn`c pgrucoc, pgrucoc, OQ[ 5;>6 5;>6 ;0:6 ;0:6 5;; 5;;0, 0, (`rn (`rntgr tgrnb nbss in`rb in`rben enbh bhðl ðln`b n`bss pcrc pcrc hg`jg hg`jgss dgrig dgrigot otca cacs) cs) hc obri obricc gxnl gxnlgg agtgrinocr agtgrinocr sngiprg sngiprg hbs snlungotgs snlungotgs in`rbbrlconsi in`rbbrlconsibs6 bs6 `bhndbrigs `bhndbrigs tbtchgs, tbtchgs, hgvcaur hgvcaurcs cs y ibjbs, ibjbs, gstc agtgrinoc agtgrinoc`nðo `nðo sg sg rgchnzð cphn`coab cphn`coab gh NPB 1:05 fuhnb 3>>3 pcrc `bhndbrigs `bhndbrigs y sglöo hc obric obric ZDT ZDT ;:-;7> ;:-;7> Obvngie Obvngierg rg 3>>7 3>>7 pcrc hgvcaurcs hgvcaurcs y ibjbs.

Obtc6 Hbs prb`ganingotbs pcrc gstg goscyb sg ags`rnego go gh cpîoan`g ;1.









































0.0. 0.0. Igtba Igtbabh bhblé blécc gxpg gxpgrn rnig igotc otchh 0.0. 0.0.3. 3. Ictg Ictgrrnc prnic rnic -

Hc mnwn`jc vcrngaca NONC-131 Qcrcy, dug caqunrnac agh anstrntb ag @urcjucsn ag hc [rbvno`nc ag Ceco`cy.

-

Hc hg`jg hg`jg drgs`c, sg tbið tbið ag hc phcotc phcotc hg`jgrc hg`jgrc ag DBOAGLCE DBOAGLCE ag ag hc [rbvno`nc [rbvno`nc ag Ceco`cy.

0.0.5 0.0.5.. Betgo Betgo`n `nðo ðo ag ag jcrn jcrnoc oc ag ag mnwn mnwn`j `jcc Cotgs ag rgchnzcr rgchnzcr hbs prb`gsbs ag novgstnlc`nð novgstnlc`nðo, o, sg prb`ganð prb`ganð hc betgo`nðo ag jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc pcrc ùcotndn`cr hbs coãhnsns dnsn`bquéin`bs, gstbs prb`gsbs sg rgchnzcrbo go hc Giprgsc Clrbnoaustrnch gh Qcieb G.N.U.H. -

Hnipngzc ag mnwn`jc.- Pg rgchnzð icouchigotg sberg hc igsc, ghninocoab hbs ictgrnchgs gxtrcóbs `bib pngarcs, pchntbs, rgstbs ag btrcs phcotcs qug lgogrchigotg prgsgotc hc ictgrnc prnic.

-

Ibhngoac.- Gstc bpgrc`nðo sg gdg`tuð go ibhnob ag ans`b.

-

Gipc` Gipc`cab cab y sghhcab. sghhcab.- Pg gipc`b gipc`b icouchigotg, icouchigotg, gh sghhcab sghhcab sg rgchnzð rgchnzð go go uoc uoc sghhcabrc sghhcabrc icouch ag abehg sghhg, sghhg, go ebhscs ag pbhngtnhgo pbhngtnhgobb ag chtc agosnaca. agosnaca.

-

Chic`gocab.- Pg chic` chic`goð goð c tgipg tgipgrctu rcturc rc cien ciengot gotg, g, go go uo uo hulcr hulcr sg`b y sglurb, jcstc su utnhnzc`nðo pcrc hc ghcebrc`nðo ag yblurt.







































-

Anhu`nðo.- Go gstc gstc gtc gtcpc pc agh agh prb prb`g `gsb sb sg sg gstua gstuanð nð uoc uoc vcrn vcrnce cehg hg pcr pcrcc hc novgstnlc`nðo, aboag aboag sg rgchnzð hc dbriuhc`nðo c andgrgotgs prbpbr`nbogs prbpbr`nbogs gotrg (jcrnoc (jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc6 mnwn`jc6 cluc jgrvnac tnenc). tnenc).

-

Dnhtrc`nðo.- Gstc bpgrc`nðo sg rgchnzð utnhnzcoab uoc tghc dnoc ag `bhbr ehco`c, gh gxtrc`tb ag `bhbr ehco`b sninhcr c hc hg`jg, sg betngog, gfgr`ngoab uoc prgsnðo prgsnðo c trcvîs ag hc tghc `bo hc icob. icob. Gh gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb sg govcsc go drcs`bs drcs`bs ag ebtghhc y sg prb`gag c coãhnsns coãhnsn s quéin`b prbxnich.

Dnlurc Dnlurc 3>. Anclrcic Anclrcic ag ehbqugs ehbqugs pcrc hc betgo`nðo betgo`nðo ag gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc JCUNOC AG MN\N@JC MN\N@JC GI[C@CAC ANHW@N O

37 % AG JCUNOC + :7% AG CLWC

5; % AG JCUNOC + :; % AG AG CLWC CLWC

DNHQUC@N O GOTCPCAB AG GZQUC@QB

Qbrtc







































-

Anhu`nðo.- Pg ansughvg 3 sberg ag hg`jg go pbhvb ags`rgicac ag 35; lrcibs go uo hntrb ag cluc jgrvnac tnenc. Pg utnhnzc hg`jg go pbhvb ags`rgicac pbr gstcr gxgotc ag in`rbbrlconsibs pctðlgobs.

-

[cstgurnzc`nðo.- Gstc bpgrc`nðo bpgrc`nðo sg gdg`tuð

go uoc bhhc ag chuinonb, chuinonb,

sbigtngoab c uo trctcingotb tîrin`b hc hg`jg c uoc tgipgrcturc ag :7 ¶@ pbr 37 inoutbs. -

Godrncingotb Godrncingotb g nobùhc`n nobùhc`nðo.ðo.- Pg godrn godrnðð jcstc jcstc uoc uoc tgipgrct tgipgrcturc urc ag ag 17 ¶@ y sg nobùhð nobùhð rãpnacigotg rãpnacigotg gh gstãrtgr hnbdnhnzcab hnbdnhnzcab (PC@@B (PC@@B Hybdcst Hybdcst 175 E).

-

Govcscab Govcscab g noùec`nð noùec`nðo.o.- Wo sberg ag stcrtgr rnoag c 3;; hntrbs, pcrc ghcebrcr go pgqugóc pgqugócss `cotnacag `cotnacags, s, gh ùhtnvb ùhtnvb prgpcrcab prgpcrcab sg govcsð govcsð go govcsgs govcsgs ag 57; ih pcrc pcrc ghcebrc ghcebrcrr ;0 hntrbs/ hntrbs/ ect`j ect`j,, noi noigan ganctc ctcigo igotg tg sg noùec noùec c tgip tgipgrct grcturc urc ag 10 ¶@ pbr 5,7 - 0 jbrcs= jbrcs= pcrc qug hc rghc`nðo rghc`nðo ag `b`bs6 `b`bs6 ec`nhbs sgc (363). (363).

Dnlurc Dnlurc 5;. Anclrcic Anclrcic ag ehbqugs pcrc hc ghcebrc` ghcebrc`nðo nðo ag ùhtnvb icarg icarg HG@JG GO [BHTB

Anhu`nðo (Wo sberg sberg ag hg`jg hg`jg go pbhvb rnoag c 3 hntrb ag hg`jg go héqunab)

ANHW@N O [CP [CPQGW QGWUNVC@ NVC@NN O

Gstãrtgr hnbdnhnzcab (PC@@B Hybdcst

GODUNCINGOQB

:7 ¶@ / 37 ino







































-

Chic`gocingotb.- Gh ùhtnvb ùhtnvb icarg prgpcrcab prgpcrcab sg rgdrnlgrð rgdrnlgrð c 7 ‐ < ¶@, pcrc ob ob c`tnvcr hcs ec`tgrncs ec`tgrncs hã`tn`cs hã`tn`cs jcstc gh ibigotb ibigotb ag su utnhnzc`nðo. utnhnzc`nðo. Pn sg qungrg chic`gocr gh ùhtnvb pbr sgicocs b igsgs, sg rg`bingoac su `bolghc`nðo.

0.0.7. 0.0.7. Gvchuc`nð Gvchuc`nðoo ag hc dgrigo dgrigotcen tcenhna hnaca ca ag hcs hcs ec`tgrn ec`tgrncs cs hã`tn`c hã`tn`css Cotgs ag rgchnzcr rgchnzcr gh prb`gscingotb prb`gscingotb dnoch, dnoch, sg gvchuð hc dgrigotcenhna dgrigotcenhnaca ca ag hcs ec`tgrncs ec`tgrncs hã`tn`cs, hã`tn`cs, tbicoab tbicoab 37; iH iH ag iugstrc iugstrc `cac uoc jbrc, jbrc, pcrc agtgrinocr agtgrinocr hc prbau``nðo ag ã`nab hã`tn`b, pJ y gh `bipbrtcingotb ag hc vns`bsnaca go duo`nðo ch tngipb tngipb aurc aurcotg otg hc dgrigo dgrigotc`n tc`nðo ðo go gh prb`gs prb`gsbb ag noùe noùec`nð c`nðo, o, hbs hbs ùchgs ùchgs agtgrinoco agtgrinoco hc c`gptcenhnaca c`gptcenhnaca agh prbau`tb prbau`tb tgrinocab. tgrinocab. -

Hc c`na c`nagz gz sg sg agtg agtgri rino noðð pbr pbr tntu tntuhc` hc`nð nðoo `bo `bo OcBJ OcBJ ;,3 ;,3 O, O, gxpr gxprgs gsca cabb go pbr`gotcfg ag ã`nab hã`tn`b.

-

Gh pJ sg agtgri agtgrinoð noð,, `bo gh pbtg pbtgo`n o`nðig ðigtrb trb iba ibaghb ghb [bsdc` [bsdc`jj 51:; 51:;.A .A icr`c icr`c P@JBQQ y hc vns`bsnaca `bo gh vns`bséigtrb rbtc`nboch ibaghb PQ-5;;3.

0.0.4. 0.0.4. Betgo`n Betgo`nðo ðo ag ag yblur yblurtt ectnab ectnab igancot igancotgg sustnt sustntu`nð u`nðoo pcr` pcr`nch nch ag ag hg`jg drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc







































prb`gsbs prb`gsbs pcrc pcrc gstg trcecfb sg gdg`tucrbo, gdg`tucrbo, snlungoab snlungoab gh dhufblrci dhufblrcicc ags`rntb ags`rntb go hc dnlu dnlurc rc 53. 53. -

-

Ictgrnc prnic g nosuibs -

Hg`jg Hg`jg drgs`c drgs`c y gxtrc`t gxtrc`tbb ag mnwn`j mnwn`jcc

-

Czö`cr ehco`c rgdnocac rgdnocac

-

Hg`jg go pbhvb

-

@uhtnvb hã`tn`b (PC@@B H^BDCPQ)

-

Gstcenhnzcotg (@I@)

-

@bosgrvcotg (sbrectb ag pbtcsnb)

Ug`gp`nðo y `botrbh ag `chnaca.- Go gstc gstc gtcpc gtcpc agh agh prb` prb`gs gsbb sg agtgr agtgrin inoð oð hc `chnaca `chnaca ag hc hg`jg drgs`c, drgs`c, igancotg igancotg hbs hbs coãhnsns dnsn`bqu dnsn`bquéin`bs éin`bs ag C`nagz, C`nagz, pJ y agosnaca rgluhcoab hc tgipgrcturc c 5; ¶@.

-

Dnhtrc`nðo ag hg`jg drgs`c.- Pg dnhtrb hc hg`jg `bo hc cyuac ag uoc tghc gspg`nch pcrc ghninocr ghninocr pghbs, pghbs, nipurgzcs nipurgzcs ic`rbs`ð ic`rbs`ðpn`cs, pn`cs, gt`.

-

[cstgurnzc`nðo.- Hc hg`jg drgs`c y gh gxtrc`tb sg sbigtg ch trctcingotb tîrin`b c uoc tgipgrcturc ag :7 ¶@ pbr 3; inoutbs, pcrc agstrunr hbs in`rbbrlconsibs pctðlgobs. Gstg prb`gsb sg agscrrbhhð go bhhcs ag chuinonb









































-

Noùec`nðo.- Pg gdg`tuð gdg`tuð go uoc noùecabrc noùecabrc ag ictgrnch ictgrnch ansgócab ansgócab `bo tgòbpbr, tgòbpbr, `botrbhc `botrbhcoab oab hc tgipgrct tgipgrcturc urc ag 15 15 c 10 ¶@ pbr pbr uo tngipb tngipb ag ag 1 - 1,7 jbrcs, rgchnzcab hc nobùhc`nðo `bo ùhtnvb icarg prgpcrcab y tcienîo sg agtgrinoð agtgrinoð uo uo tngipb tngipb ag 4,; - 4,7 nobùh nobùhcab cab `bo `bo sngierc sngierc anrg`tc anrg`tc ag ùhtnvb ùhtnvb hã`tn`b, jcstc qug gh pJ ag yblurt ch`co`g uo vchbr ag 1,7. Hc c`nagz agh yblurt `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc ch`cozð jcstc ;,4; % ag ã`nab hã`tn`b, hã `tn`b, ingotrcs qug gh pctrðo prgsgotð uo vchbr ag ;,:1 %. Gh prb`gsb pcrc ghcebrcr gh yblurt pctrðo b `botrbh ag rgdgrgo`nc, sg gdg`tuð utnhnzcoab hg`jg drgs`c gotgrc, czö`cr, gstcenhnzcotg y `bosgrvcotg= ecfb hcs insics `boan`nbogs gstcehg`nacs pcrc hbs trctcingotbs ag hc novgstnlc`nðo.

-

Ectnab.- Gh yblurt sg jbiblgognzð ùnacabscigotg y sg can`nboð gh `bosgrvcotg sbrectb ag pbtcsnb.

-

Qrctcingotb tîrin`b b sgluoab pcstgurnzc`nðo.- Pg rgchnzð go uoc bhhc c uoc tgipgrcturc ag <7 ¶@ pbr uo tngipb ag 5; inoutbs, igancotg uoc hnlgrc







































Dnlurc 53. Anclrcic ag ehbqugs agh prb`gsb ag betgo`nðo ag yblurt ectnab igancotg sustntu`nðo pcr`nch ag hg`jg drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc. JCUNOC AG MN\N@JC GI[C@CAC ANHW@N O

37 % AG JCUNOC + :7% AG CLWC

HG@JG DUGP@C UG@G[@N O

5; % AG JCUNOC + :; % AG CLWC

@BOQUBH AG @CHNACA

Qbrtc

DNHQUC@N O GZQUC@QB AG MN\N@JC

5; % AG GZQUC@QB GZQUC@QB + :; % AG HG@JG DUGP@C

Gstcenhnzcotg @I@6 ;,7 % Czö`cr ehco`c6

DNHQUCAB HG@JG DUGP@C HNI[NC

1; % AG GZQUC@QB + 4; % AG HG@JG DUGP@C

JBIB JBIBLG LGOG OGNV NVC@ C@NN O

Ugsnaubs







































0.0.< 0.0.<.. Gvchu Gvchuc` c`nðo nðo ag ag coãhn coãhnsns sns sgo sgosb sbrnc rnchh Hc gvchuc`nð gvchuc`nðoo sgosbrnch sgosbrnch ag hcs hcs iugstrcs iugstrcs agh yblurt yblurt betgonab betgonab sg gdg`tuð gdg`tuð cphn`coab gh coãhnsns sgosbrnch brngotcab jc`nc gh prbau`tb, qug sbo6 coãhnsns ans`rninoctnv ans`rninoctnvbs bs pcrc agtgrinocr agtgrinocr andgrgo`ncs andgrgo`ncs gotrg hcs iugstrcs iugstrcs `bo rgspg`tb rgspg`tb ch ch pctrðo, pctrðo, ags`rnptnv ags`rnptnvbs bs pcrc `ctglb `ctglbrnzcr rnzcr gotrg tbabs tbabs hbs trctcingotbs, trctcingotbs, igancot igancotgg fug`gs pcrc coãhnsns ans`rninoctnvbs sgo`nhhbs.

Hc aglustc`nðo ag hcs iugstrcs sg rgchnzð, `bo 57 fug`gs ob gotrgocabs prgvncigotg cangstrcabs go hc tîòn`c c giphgcrsg go hc gvchuc`nðo sgosbrnch, hbs fug`gs dugrbo hbs gstuancotgs rgluhcrgs y ;4 gstuancotgs glrgscabs ag hc Gsùghc C`caîin`b C`caîin`b [rbdgsnboch [rbdgsnboch ag Nolgongréc Nolgongréc Clrbnoaustrn Clrbnoaustrnch, ch, qug qug pgrtgog`go pgrtgog`go ch tnpb ag fugz pcrc coãhnsns ans`rninoctnvbs sgo`nhhbs.







































Qcehc 33. Gs`chc jgaðon`c jgaðon`c ag ag hc gvchuc`nð gvchuc`nðoo sgosbrnch sgosbrnch pcrc pcrc hbs ctrneutb ctrneutbss ag `bhbr, `bhbr, scebr y c`gptcenhna c`gptcenhnaca ca go lgogrch lgogrch sglöo coãhnsns coãhnsns ags`rnptn ags`rnptnvbs vbs pcrc `ctglbrnzcr hcs iugstrcs C`gptcenhnac C`gptcenhnacaa Lgogrch Lgogrch [uotcfg

Gs`chc

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Ig clrcac iu`jésnib

4

Ig clrcac iu`jb

7

Ig clrcac pb`b

1

On ig lustc on ig clrcac

0

Ig agsclrcac pb`b

5

Ig agsclrcac iu`jb

3

Ig agsclrcac iu`jésnib

Pcebr [uotcfg

Gs`chc

7

Gxtrgicacigotg @crc`tgréstn`b







































Qcehc Qcehc 35. 35. Gs`chc Gs`chc jgað jgaðon`c on`c canigo canigosnb snboca ocacc ag hc gvchuc gvchuc`nð `nðoo sgosbr sgosbrnch nch pcrc pcrc c`gptcenhna c`gptcenhnaca ca go lgogrch, sglöo coãhnsns coãhnsns ans`rninoctnv ans`rninoctnvbb pcrc `bipcrcr hcs iugstrcs `bo rgspg`tb ch pctrðo Gs`chc 3

@hcsndn`c`nðo ag Iugstrcs

Ig clrcac iãs qug [ Ig clrcac nluch qug [ Ig clrcac clrcac igobs igobs qug [

Gs`chc 5

@hcsndn`c`nðo ag iugstrcs qug sbo iãs b igobs clrcacehgs qug ‘[’

Gxtrgicacigotg andgrgotg Iuy andgrgotg Ibagrcacigotg andgrgotg Hnlgrcigotg andgrgotg

Hcs pboagrc`nbogs sg `chndn`co `bib snlug6 

@ucoab @ucoab gh fugz noan`c qug qug ob jcy andgrgo`ncs andgrgo`ncs gotrg hcs iugstrcs iugstrcs y gh pctrðo, pctrðo, sg hg csnloc c an`jc iugstrc iugstrc hc `chndn`c`nðo ag ag 7.









































0.0.:. 0.0.:. Agtgrin Agtgrinoc`n oc`nðo ðo ag coãhnsns coãhnsns quéin`b quéin`b prbxni prbxnich ch ag yblurt yblurt Hc ùcotndn`c`nðo ag coãhnsns quéin`b prbxnich, sg rgchnzð cphn`coab hc tîòn`c ags`rnt ags`rntcc pbr hc CBC@ CBC@ - 3>:1, 3>:1, 5;;; 5;;; y OQ[-5 OQ[-5;;3 ;;3.. Hbs Hbs prb`gan prb`ganing ingotb otbss sg prgsgot prgsgotco co go gh cpîoan`g ;0.

0.0.>. 0.0.>. Agtgrin Agtgrinoc`n oc`nðo ðo ag ag hc hc vnac vnac ötnh agh prbau` prbau`tb tb Hc agtgrinoc`nðo ag hc vnac ötnh agh prbau`tb, sg rgchnzð c trcvîs ag coãhnsns dnsn`bquéin`b, in`rbenbhðln`b y gvchuc`nðo brlcobhîptn`c. Hbs prbau`tbs sg chic`gocrbo go abs andgrgotgs `boan`nbogs6 Ecfb rgdrnlgrc`nðo c uoc tgipgrcturc ag 7 ³ 5 ¶@ y gh gh sgluoa sgluoabb c tgipg tgipgrctu rcturc rc cieng ciengotg otg qug vcrnð vcrnð ag 5; 5; ³ 5 ¶@







































agpgoangotg agpgoangotgss qug sbo6 % ag prbtgéoc, prbtgéoc, % ag lrcsc lrcsc y % ag `crebjnar `crebjnarctbs ctbs go hbs hbs yblurts. [crc gh prb`gscingotb y coãhnsns ag hbs actbs sg utnhnzð gh prblrcic ag Pbdtwcrg Pbdtwcrg PQCQNPQN@C PQCQNPQN@C vgrsnðo vgrsnðo <.;, <.;, qug pgrintg rgpbrtcr rgpbrtcr hbs rgsuhtcabs rgsuhtcabs `bo uo icogfb icogfb sgo`nhh sgo`nhhbb y chtc prg`nsnð prg`nsnðo. o.

0.1. 0.1.3. 3. Ansg Ansgób ób dc`t dc`tbr brnc nchh Pg rgchnzð, `bo uo ansgób dc`tbrnch ag 5x5 `bo `bo trgs rgpgtn`nbogs pcrc tbabs hbs trctcingotbs. trctcingotbs. Cagiãs Cagiãs sg ghcebrð gh `botrbh `botrbh ag rgdgrgo`nc `bo trgs rgphn`cs, pcrc pcrc







































NT. UGPWH GPWHQC QCA ABP ^ ANP ANP@WP @WPNÐO NÐO 1.3. Agtgrin Agtgrinoc`n oc`nðo ðo ag ag coãhn coãhnsns sns dnsn`bq dnsn`bquéi uéin`b n`b ag hc hc ictgr ictgrnc nc prnic prnic Qcehc 30. @bipbsn`n @bipbsn`nðo ðo quéin`c quéin`c ag jcrnoc ag mnwn`jc vcrngaca vcrngaca NONC-131 NONC-131 Qcrcy Qcrcy y hg`j hg`jgg drgs`c drgs`c gotgrc gotgrc (go % ecsg ecsg jöigac jöigac)) @bipbsn`nðo qu quéin`c

Jcrnoc ag ag mnwn`jc

Hg`jg dr drgs`c go gotgrc

0>4,7;1

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Cluc

4,>045 ³ ;,<5;

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[rbtgéoc *

31,0771 ³ ;,3:4

0,07;< ³ ;,50:

Gogrléc M`ch







































Hc `bipbsn`nðo ag hg`jg drgs`c y sus agrnvcabs jco snab ciphncigotg gstuan gstuancac cacss pbr anstno anstnotbs tbs cutb cutbrgs, rgs, sglö sglöoo Icjcut Icjcut In`j In`jgh gh y `bh. `bh. (5;;1) (5;;1),, sg tngog tngog 0,1 0,1 % ag pr prbtgéoc= 0,< % ag lr lrcsc= sc= 1,: % ag `c `crebjn bjnarctbs y ;, ;,< % ag ino inoggrchgs hgs. Ingo ngotrcs trcs qug Tn`g Tn`got otgg (5;; (5;;3) 3),, rgp rgpbrtð brtð 0,0 0,0 % ag prbt prbtgé géoc oc== 0,4 % ag lrc lrcsc sc y 1,: % ag jnarctbs ag `crebob.

[br btrb trb hca hcabb Qcino cinogg y Ube Ubeno nosb sboo (3>> (3>>33), `ntc `ntcoo 0,1: ,1: % ag prbtg rbtgéo éocs cs== 0,>: ,>: % ag lrcsc= 1,<< % ag lhö`nabs= ;,<7 % ag inogrchgs y :<,;5 % ag cluc rgspg` rgspg`tnvc tnvcigo igotg. tg. Hbs Hbs rgsuhtcab rgsuhtcabss betgonab betgonabss go gh prgsgot prgsgotgg trcecfb trcecfb ag novgstnl novgstnlc`nð c`nðoo







































Qcehc Qcehc 31. Coãhns Coãhnsns ns dnsn`bq dnsn`bquéi uéin`b n`b ag hg`jg hg`jg drgs` drgs`cc gotgrc gotgrc @crc`tgréstn`cs dnsn`bquéin`cs

Tchbrgs

pJ

4,:;

Agosnaca c 5; ¶@ (l / ih)

3,;0;

% ag C`nagz, gxprgscab go l ag ã`nab hã`tn`b / 3;; l ag ;,3< hg`jg % sðhnabs tbtchgs

35,<><3

Hc c`nagz ag hg`jg hg`jg drgs`c sglöo hc Obric Qîòn`c Qîòn`c [grucoc [grucoc OQ[ 5;5.;;36 5;5.;;36









































gstc andgrgo`nc andgrgo`nc sg ageg c qug qug aurcotg aurcotg hc gtcpc gtcpc ag dnhtrc`nðo dnhtrc`nðo agh gxtrc`tb, gxtrc`tb, sg utnhnzð uoc tghc `bo `bo anãigtrb anãigtrb iuy dnoc, go aboag aboag gstc= sbhb pgrintnð pgrintnð gh pcsb ag hcs hcs ibhîù ibh îùhcs hcs iãs pgqugó pgqugócs. cs.

Qcehc 376 @crc`tgréstn @crc`tgréstn`cs `cs désn`cs y sgosbrnchgs sgosbrnchgs ag gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc







































gxtrc` gxtrc`tb tb ag sbfc sbfc rgpbrt rgpbrtcab cab pbr @ruz @ruz @cos @cosnob nob O. (5;;:) (5;;:),, qug tngog tngog 0,:5 0,:5 % ³ ;,;5 ;,;5 ag prbt prbtgé géoc oc== 3,<: 3,<: % ³ ;,;3 ;,;344 ag lrc lrcsc sc== 3,:4 3,:4 % ³ ;,0 ;,0;; ag `cre `crebj bjna narc rctb tbs= s= ;,4: ;,4: ³ ;,37 ;,37 ag ag `gonzcs `gonzcs y :,5< :,5< ³ ;,1; ;,1; ag gxtrc`t gxtrc`tbb sg`b. sg`b. Gstc Gstc andgrgo andgrgo`nc `nc sg ageg ageg c qug hc sbyc sbyc gs uoc hgluinobsc rn`c go prbtgéoc, ingotrcs qug hc mnwn`jc gs uo psguab`grgch rn`b go chinaðo.







































Qcehc Qcehc 3<. @bipbs @bipbsn`n n`nðo ðo quéin quéin`c `c ag hc igz`h igz`hcc gotrg gotrg gxtrc`t gxtrc`tbb ag mnwn`j mnwn`jcc ch 37 % y hg` hg`jg jg drgs` drgs`cc (go (go % ecsg ecsg jö jöig igac ac)) @bipbsn`nðo quéin`c G

é M h

Pustntu`nðo ag gxtrc`tb (%) (Gxtrc (Gxtrc`tb `tb ag mnwn` mnwn`jc jc ch 37% 37% 6 Hg`jg Hg`jg drgs` drgs`c) c) (5; % 6 :; :; %)

(1; % 6 4; %)

:1 5177

<3 0::>







































Pgl Pglöo gstc gstc igz` igz`hc hc,, sg tn tngo gogg qug qug sbhc sbhcig igootg hcs hcs prni rnigrcs grcs dbri dbriuh uhc` c`nb nbog ogss agh agh pbr`gotcfg pbr`gotcfg ag ag sustntu`nðo sustntu`nðo ag ag gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb go hg`jg hg`jg go ciebs ciebs `csbs, `csbs, ùiphgo ùiphgo `bo `bo hbs vchbrgs gstcehg`nabs pbr Obric Qîòn`c [grucoc.

Qcehc Qcehc 3:. @bipbs @bipbsn`n n`nðo ðo qué quéin` in`cc ag ag hc igz`hc igz`hc gotrg gotrg gxtrc`t gxtrc`tbb ag ag mnwn` mnwn`jc jc ch 5;







































drgs`c `bo gxtrc`tb gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc, mnwn`jc, go duo`nðo duo`nðo ch tngipb. Gstc Gstc gvchuc`nðo gvchuc`nðo sg rgchnzð go `cac jbrc, aurcotg aurcotg hc dgrigotc`nð dgrigotc`nðoo go gh prb`gsb prb`gsb ag noùeca noùecabb c uoc uoc tgipgrctu tgipgrcturc rc tjgribpj bpjnhu nhuss y H. ag 15 ‐ 10 ¶@, nobùhcab `bo 0 % ag ùhtnvb inxtb ag P. tjgri euhlcrnùs

rgchnzcab rgchnzcab hc sngierc sngierc `bo iganb iganb ag ùhtnvb prgvncigotg prgvncigotg prgpcrcab. prgpcrcab.

duo`nð







































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COGZBP ^ C[ÎOAN@GP





































COGZBP COGZB ;3. DBQ LUCDÉCP AG HB HBP GS GSWN[BP WQ WQ HNVCABP GO H P COÃHNPNP COÃHNPNP DNPN@BSWÉI DNPN@BSWÉIN@BP N@BP

Echcozc cochétn`c ic `c6 Bjcus, Bjcus, `bo sgosnenhnaca ag ;,;;;3 l

Iudhc icr`c6 Ecrost ca Qjgribhyog, ibaghb6 DE313; , rcolb ag tgipgrcturc ag ‐ 33;; ¶@

Gstudc, ic `c6 Igiigrt, rcolb ag tgipgrcturc 0; ‐ 57; ¶@





































Agstnhcabr Mfghacjh, icr`c6 Tghp P`ngotndn`c, ibaghb6 WAM354A (agtgr noc`nðo ag prbtgéoc go chnigotbs go lgog ch)

@gotrndulc g Lgregr, Lgregr, agtgrinoc`nð agtgrinoc`nðoo ag lrcsc hg`jg - yblurt.

Gqunpb ag Pb jhgt jhgt (agtgri (agtgrinoc noc`nð `nðoo ag lrcsc lrcsc prbau` prbau`tbs tbs g lgogrch)





































^blurts `bo gxtrc`tb ag mnwn`jc mnwn`jc - [btgo`nðig [btgo`nðigtrb trb icr`c6 icr`c6 P@JBQQ

A tgrinoc`nðo ag pJ y % ag ã`nab hã`tn`b

Agtgrinoc`nðo ag vns`bs vns`bsnac nacaa (Tns`b (Tns`bséi séigtrb gtrb rbtc`nb rbtc`nboch och ibagh ibaghb6 PQ ‐ 5;;3).





































COGZB ;5. DBQ LUCDÉCP LUCDÉCP AG COÃHNPNP COÃHNPNP IN@UB IN@UB NBHÐLN@BP (Iugstrcs ag 0 gsgs + 3 sgicoc, chic`gocab ecfb r gdrnlgrc`nðo)

[rgp [rgpcr crc` c`nð nðoo ag ag iga iganb ^L@ / @LC (pcrc agtgrinocr hgv aurcs y ibjbs)

iganb ^L@ prgpcrcab

iganb TUE prgpcrcab (pcrc agtgrinocr `bhndb igs tbtchgs)

Iganbs ag TUE sgie cacs c andgrgotgs anhu`nb gs

Ugsuhtcab ag iugstr yblu yblurt rt IH 3;-5 (`bhndbrigs btchgs)

Ugsuhtcab ag iu strc strc IH IH 3;-5 (hgvcaurcs y ibjbs)







































COGZB ;06 @CUQNHHCP WQNHNVCACP GO HC GTCHWC@NÐO PGOPBUNCH Dbrictb ;3. @bipcrc`nðo @bipcrc`nðo pcrgcac pcrgcac iöhtnphg (andgrgo`nc (andgrgo`nc gs`chcr gs`chcr `bo rgspg`tb c uoc iugstrc pctrðo) Obierg agh fugz6 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRDg`jc6 RRRRRDg`jc6 RRRRRRR Iugstrc gvchucac6 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR[rugec RR[rugec O¶RRRR Pg hc prgsgotc prgsgotc ùctrb iugstrcs iugstrcs ag yblurt yblurt pcrc pcrc qug hcs `bipcrg `bipcrg go ùcotb c su c`gptcenhnaca. Woc ag hcs iugstrcs gstã icr`cac `bo ‘[’ y hcs btrcs `bo `ðanlbs. Aglustg `cac iugstrc y `bipãrghc `bo gh pctrðo ‘[’, `hcsndn`ãoabhc s glöo

hc

gs`chc 3 gs`rnengoab gs`rnengoab su `ðanlb `ðanlb go gh `csnhhgrb `csnhhgrb `brrgspb `brrgspboango oangotg. tg. Pn rgsuhtc rgsuhtc andgrgotg qug ‘[’, `hcsndéqughc `bo hc gs`chc 5 sglöo sgc su igobr b icybr andgrgo`nc `bo hc iugstrc pctrðo ‘[’.

Gs`chc 3


Ig clrcac iãs qug [ Ig clrcac nluch qug [ Ig clrcac igobs qug [

Gs`chc 5

@hcsndn`c`nðo ag iugstrcs qug sbo iãs b igobs clrcacehgs qug ‘[’

Gxtrgicacigotg andgrgotg Iuy andgrgotg Ibagrcacigotg andgrgotg Hnlgrcigotg andgrgotg





































Dbrictb ;5. Jbfc ag `chndn`c`nbogs `chndn`c`nbogs pcrc uoc `ctglbrnzc`n `ctglbrnzc`nðo ðo ùchntctnvc ùchntctnvc sglöo cprg`nc`nbogs jgaðon`cs Obierg agh fugz6 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRDg`jc6RRRRRRRR RRRDg`jc6RRRRRRRR Iugstrc gvchucac6 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR[rugec RR[rugec O¶RRRR @hcsndnqug @hcsndnqug hcs `no`b iugstrcs iugstrcs sglöo sglöo hc gs`chc qug sg prgsgotc, prgsgotc, gs`rnengoab gs`rnengoab su `ðanlb go gh `csnhhgrb `brrgspboangotg.

C`gptcenhnaca Gs`chc Ig clrcac iu`jésnib Ig clrcac iu`jb Ig clrcac pb`b On ig lustc on ig clrcac Ig agsclrcac pb`b Ig agsclrcac iu`jb Ig agsclrcac iu`jésnib


Pcebr Gs`chc


Gxtrgicacigo Gxtrgicacigotg tg @crc`tgréstn`b @crc`tgréstn`b Iuy @crc`tgr @crc`tgréstn éstn`b `b @crc`tgréstn`b [b`b @crc`tgréstn`b Ocac @crc`tgréstn`b

@bhbr Gs`chc Jbiblgogb [b`b jbiblgogb Anspgrsb `bo pcrtéùhcs






































C[ÎOAN@G C[ÎO C[ÎOAN@ AN@G G ;3. ;3. AGQGUINOC@NÐO AG COÃHNPNP SWÉIN@B AG JCUNOC AG MN\N@JC 3. Agtgri Agtgrinoc noc`nð `nðo o ag prbtgé prbtgéocs ocs pbr pbr in`rb in`rb Mfghac Mfghacjh jh

Iîtbab 35.3.;< (C.B.C.@, 5;;;) 3.3 3.3.

Ch`c h`co`g o`g y `ci `cipb pb ag cphn cphn`c `c`n `nðo ðo Gh iîtbab iîtbab gs cphn`cehg cphn`cehg c chnigotbs chnigotbs go go lgogrch. lgogrch.

3.5.

Duoacigotb Gh iîtbab sg ecsc go hc agstru``nðo ag hc ictgrnc brlãon`c `bo ã`nab suhdörn`b `bo`gotrcab, dbriãoabsg suhdctb ag cibonb qug qug go gx`gsb ag jnarðxnab ag sbanb hnegrc ciboéc`b, gh qug sg agstnhc rg`nenîoabhb go6 c) Ã`nab suhdörn`b aboag sg dbric suhdctb ag cibonb y gh gx`gsb ag ã`nab gs vchbrcab `bo jnarðxnab ag sbanb go prgsgo`nc ag rbfb ag igtnhb, b e) Ã`nab eðrn`b dbriãoabsg ebrctb ag cibonb gh qug sg vchbrc `bo ã`nab `hbrjéarn`b.

3.0.

Ictgrnchgs y gqunpbs  Echcozc cochétn`c, sgosnenhnaca ;.3 il. 

Gqunpb Mfghacjh





































3.1.

Ugc`tnvbs 

Ã`nab suhdörn`b suhdörn`b `bo`gotrcab, `bo`gotrcab, p.c.



Puhdctb ag pbtcsnb b suhdctb ag sbanb, p.c.



Puhdctb `öprn`b, p.c.



Pbhu`nðo ag ã`nab suhdörn`b ;,3 O.



Pbhu`nðo Pbhu`nðo ag jnarðxna jnarðxnabb ag sbanb sbanb ch 0;%. 0;%. Ansbhvgr Ansbhvgr 0;; l ag OcBJ y `biphgtcr c 3 hntrb.



Pbhu`nðo noan`cabrc ag rbfb ag igtnhb ch 3% go gtcobh. Ansbhvgr 3l ag rbfb ag igtnhb go 3;; 3;; iH ag gtcobh gtcobh (>7 %).



Pbhu`nðo ag jnarðxnab ag sbanb ;,3O. Qbicr 1 l ag OcBJ y gorcscr c 3 hntrb `bo cluc rg`ngotgigotg jgrvnac y godrncac. Tchbrcr `bo ã`nab su``éon`b. su``é on`b.

3.7.

[rb`gani ninngotb agh iîtbab

3.7 3.7.3. .3. Anl Anlgstn gstnðo ðo 

Ugchnzcr Ugchnzcr hc iugstrc go trnphn`cab. trnphn`cab.



Gdg`tucr uo goscyb go ehco`b uscoab uoc sustco`nc brlãon`c sno ontrðlgob (sc`crbsc) qug sgc `cpcz ag prbvb`cr hc rgau``nðo ag hbs agrnvcabs oétrn`bs y ontrbsbs gvgotuchigotg prgsgotgs go hbs rgc`tnvbs.



[gscr ;,5 l ag iugstrc jbiblgognzca jbiblgognzcacc (i), (i), `bo `bo uoc prg`nsnðo prg`nsnðo ag ag ;,3 il go uo ictrcz ag anlgstnðo Mfghacjh.



Clrglcr 0 pgrhcs ag vnarnb, 3l ag suhdctb ag pbtcsnb b suhdctb ag sbanb, ;,7 l ag suhdctb suhdctb `öprn`b `öprn`b y 7 iH ag ã`nab suhdörn`b suhdörn`b `bo`go `bo`gotrcab. trcab.



@chgotcr @chgotcr go icotc `chgdc`tbrc `chgdc`tbrc y uoc vgz qug hc sbhu`nðo sbhu`nðo gstî trcospcrgotg, trcospcrgotg, agfcr go geuhhn`nðo 37 c 5; ino. iãs. Pn hc iugstrc tngoag c dbricr gspuic





































3.7. 3.7.5. 5. Agst Agstnh nhc` c`nð nðoo 

[rgpcrcr [rgpcrcr hcs hcs sbhu`nbogs sbhu`nbogs ag OcBJ OcBJ ch 1; % y 7;iH ag uoc uoc sbhu`nðo sbhu`nðo ag ã`nab ã`nab suhdörn`b suhdörn`b ;.3 O pcrc uo goscyb. goscyb.



@bog`tcr gh rgdrnlgrcotg y hcs sbhu`nbogs `brrgspboangotgs `bib OcBJ ch 1; % y cluc cluc agstnhcac ch gunpb agstnhcabr mfghacjh.



Dnochigotg Dnochigotg pbogr gh ictrcz ictrcz ch cpcrctb cpcrctb ag agstnhc`nðo, agstnhc`nðo, clrglcr clrglcr hgotcigo hgotcigotg tg go gx`g gx`gsb sb OcBJ OcBJ ch 1;% 1;% ch ch ict ictrc rcz, z, gh gqun gqunpb pb ag mfgh mfghac acjh jh gs cutb cutbiã iãtn` tn`bb pcrc pcrc gstg `csb, `csb, sbhb sg ageg ageg prgoagr prgoagr y prgsnbocr prgsnbocr gh ebtðo ebtðo ag OcBJ. cotgs ag non`ncr hc agstnhc`nðo `bog`tcr 7; iH ag uoc sbhu`nðo ag ã`nab suhdörn`b ;.3 O, `bo 1 c 7 lbtcs ag rbfb ag igtnhb go uo vcsb ag 57; ih ih pcrc rg`nenr gh agstnhcab. Dnochigotg agstnhcr ob igobs igobs ag 37; ih.

3.7. 3.7.0. 0. Qntu Qntuhc hc`n `nðo ðo Qntuhcr gh gx`gsb ag ã`nab `bo OcBJ ;.3 O jcstc `bhbr cicrnhhb.

3.4 3.4.

@ãh` @ãhùh uhbb y gxpr gxprgs gsnð nðoo ag rgsu rgsuht htccabs abs %O 9

31 ∜O ∜(Te ∕ Ti) ∜( Dc` Dc`tbr) tbr) ∜3;; I ∜3; 3;;; ;;

Aboag6 O6 Obrich Obrichnaca naca agh J5PB1 Te6 Te6 Lcstb Lcstb OcBJ OcBJ ;,3 O go gh ehco`b ehco`b y Ti6 Lcstb Lcstb OcBJ OcBJ ;,3 ;,3 O go hc iugstrc iugstrc.. I6 Icsc ag hc hc iugstrc, iugstrc, go lrcibs lrcibs

Dc`tbr6 4,576 4,576 pcrc `crog, pgs`cab, pgs`cab, jugvb, jugvb, hgluinobscs hgluinobscs y prbtgéo prbtgéocs cs go lgogrch lgogrch 7,<; 7,<;66 pcrc pcrc `gr `grgch gchgs gs y agrnv agrnvca cabs bs ag ag sbyc sbyc 4,0:6 hg`jg







































0. Agtgrin Agtgrinoc`n oc`nðo ðo ag lrcsc lrcsc (Iîtbab (Iîtbab Pbxjhg Pbxjhgt) t) Iîtbab 03.1.;5 (C.B.C.@, 5;;;). 0.3. 0.3. @ci @cipb ag ag cphn cphn`c `c`n `nðo ðo Gh iîtbab iîtbab gs cphn`cehg cphn`cehg c chnigotb chnigotbss qug jco snab snab sbigtnabs sbigtnabs c trctcingotbs trctcingotbs tîrin`bs y lrcobs prgvncigotg ibhnabs, pcrc hbs ùchgs sg agsgc gxtrcgr hc tbtchnaca ag hc lrcsc.

0.5. [rno` no`npnb Woc `cotnaca prgvncigotg jbiblgognzcac, iganac b pgscac agh chnigotb sg sbigtg c uoc jnarðhnsns ã`nac `bo J@H `bo`gotrcab pcrc sgpcrcr hc ictgrnc lrcsc ag hbs jnarctbs ag `crebob b prbtgéocs, hc qug huglb gs cesbrenac pbr hc `ghntg. [bstgrnbrigotg, sg rgchnzc hc gxtrc``nðo tbtch ag hc ictgrnc lrcsc pbr sbxjhgt.

0.0. 0.0. Ictg Ictgrn rnch chgs gs y Gqu Gqunp npbs bs 

Ictrcz grhgoigygr ag 57; ih



[grhcs ag vnarnb



Pnstgic rgdrnlgrcotg rgdrnlgrcotg



[cpgh dnhtrb b agach ag `ghuhbsc, pnpgtc







































@bhb`cr gh agach go gh tueb ag gxtrc``nðo y can`nbocr gh sbhvgotg ch ictrcz prgvncigotg tcrcab.



Gxtrcgr hc iugstrc `bo sbhvgotg pbr 4 c : jbrcs c uoc vghb`naca ag `boagosc`nðo ag 0-4 lbtcs/sgl. @ucoab sg `biphgtc hc gxtrc``nðo ghninocr gh sbhvgotg go rbtc vcpbr b gvcpbrcoab `bo prg`cu`nðo ecfb `cipcoc, jcstc qug sg gvcpbrg tbab gh îtgr.



0.4. 0.4.

Pg`cr gh ictrcz go gstudc c 3;0 ³ 5»@ pbr 0;ino, godrncr go agsg`cabr y pgscr.

@ãh` @ãhùh uhbb y gxpr gxprgs gsnð nðoo ag ag rgs rgsuh uhtc tcab abss % Lrcs rcsc `ruac ruac 9

I5∕I3 ∜3;; I

Aboag6 I6 pgsb ag hc iugstrc iugstrc I36 pgsb agh ictrcz ictrcz sbhb sbhb I56 pgsb ictrcz ictrcz `bo `bo lrcsc. lrcsc. Hbs rgsuhtcabs sg nodbrico go % ag ictgrnc lrcsc. lrcsc . Ugpgtnenhnaca6 Hc andgrgo`nc ag hbs 0 rgsuhtcabs ob ageg sgr supgrnbr ch 5 % agh prbiganb.





































1.0. 1.0. Ictg Ictgrn rnch chgs gs y gqu gqunp npbs bs 

Echcozc Echcozc cochétn`c, sgosnenhnaca sgosnenhnaca ;.3 il



@cpsuhcs ag vnarnb `bo tcpc



Agsg`cabr



Gstudc Gstudc rgluhc rgluhcac ac c 3;0 3;0 ³ 5 ¶@



Gspãtuhc y pnozcs

1.1 1.1. [rb`g rb`gan ani ingot ngotbb  @bhb`cr hc `ãpsuhc agstcpcac y hc tcpc aurcotg ch igobs 3 jbrc go hc gstudc c hc tgipgrcturc ag sg`cab agh prbau`tb. 

Giphgcoab Giphgcoab pnozcs, pnozcs, trcshcacr trcshcacr hc `ãpsuhc `ãpsuhc tcpcac ch agsg`cabr agsg`cabr y agfcr godrncr godrncr aurcotg aurcotg 0; c 17 ino. [gscr [gscr hc `ãpsuhc `ãpsuhc `bo tcpc `bo uoc uoc cprbxnic`nðo cprbxnic`nðo ag ag ;,3il rglnstrcr (i3).



[gscr 5l ag iugstrc prgvncigotg jbiblgognzcac. Uglnstrcr (i 5).



@bhb`cr @bhb`cr hc iugstrc iugstrc `bo `ãpsuhc `ãpsuhc agstcpcac agstcpcac y hc tcpc go go hc gstudc gstudc c hc tgipgrcturc y tngipb rg`bigoacab 3;7 ¶@ x 7 jbrcs.



Qcpcr hc `ãpsuhc `bo hc iugstrc, sc`crhc ag hc gstudc, godrncr go agsg`cabr aurcotg 0; c 17 ino.



Ugpgtnr gh prb`ganingotb ag sg`cab pbr uoc jbrc can`nboch, jcstc qug hcs





































7. Agtgr Agtgrin inoc` oc`nðo nðo ag ag `gonz `gonzcs cs Iîtbab (OQ[ 5;>.547 ‐ 5;;3) 7.3.

Ictgrnchgs 

`rnsbhgs



3 gspãtuhc



3 agsg`cabr



Iugstrc ag jcrnoc sg`c



3 pno pnozcs zcs hcrl hcrlcs cs



3 ig`jgrb ag Euosgo



3 pcr ag lucotgs ag csegstb



@grnhhbs



3 iudhc



3 tghc ag chcierg



3 echcozc cochétn`c



3 sbpbrtg `bo conhhb

7.5.

[rb`ganingotb 

Icogfg sngiprg hbs `rnsbhgs `bo pnozcs



[bolc c pgsb `bostcotg uo `rnsbh b `ãpsuhc ag pbr`ghcoc pbr `cac iugstrc qug sg vc c cochnzcr, cochnzcr, hb ùch snlondn`c snlondn`c agfcrhb agfcrhb aurcotg aurcotg 37 inoutbs inoutbs go hc iudhc c uoc uoc tgipgr tgipgrctu cturc rc ag 77; c 4;; 4;; »@.



Agfg godrncr gh `rnsbh go uo agsg`cabr agsg`cabr aurcotg 37 c 5; inoutbs. inoutbs. [rbùrg ob `grrcr gh agsg`cabr tbtchigotg, tbtchigotg, yc qug gh `chbr ag hbs `rnsbhgs pugag prbvb`cr qug hc tcpc sg prbyg`tg y sg rbipc.





































4. Agtgrin Agtgrinoc`n oc`nðo ðo ag dnerc dnerc `rua `ruacc Iîtbab <.;<0 (C.B.C.@. 3>:1) Gh sniphg sniphg tîrino tîrinobb ag dner dnercc pugag pugag sgr tbic tbicab ab `bib `bib noa noan`c n`ctnv tnvbb ag ag dnerc dnerc `ruac. `ruac. Hc dnerc `ruac gs gh rgsnaub brlãon`b qug ob gs anlgrnab go uoc jnarðhnsns ã`nac b eãsn`c go `boan`nbogs gstcoacrnzcacs, gh rgsnaub `bosnstg duoacigotchigotg go `ghuhbsc, jgin`ghuhbs jgin`ghuhbscc y hnlonoc, hnlonoc, pgrb ob `botcenhnzc `botcenhnzc ùcotntctn ùcotntctnvcigo vcigotg tg hcs `cotnacags `cotnacags tbtchgs tbtchgs ag `ghuhbsc `ghuhbsc y hnlonoc hnlonoc prgsgotgs prgsgotgs go hc iugstrc

4.3 4.3. [rb`g rb`gan ani ingot ngotbb C 5 l ag iugstrc sg hg gxtrcg hc lrcsc, sn gs igobr igobr agh 3 % sg pugag bintnr hc gxtrc``nðo. Qrcosd Qrcosdgrnr grnr c uo vcsb vcsb ag 4;; iH y gvntcr gvntcr hc `botcin `botcinoc` oc`nðo nðo `bo hc dner dnercc agh agh pcpgh pcpgh.. Can`nbocr Can`nbocr 5;; iH ag ã`nab suhdörn`b suhdörn`b ch ch 3,57 3,57 % jnrvngoab, jnrvngoab, `bhb`cr `bhb`cr gh vcsb go gh cpcrctb cpcrctb sberg hc phc`c phc`c `chngotg prg prg cfustcac pcrc pcrc qug jngrvc gxc`tcigo gxc`tcigotg tg 0; inou in outb tbss lnrc lnrcrr gh vcsb vcsb pgrn pgrnða ðan` n`ci cigo gotg tg pcr pcrcc gvntc gvntcrr qug qug hbs hbs sðhna sðhnabs bs sg sg cajn cajngr grco co c hcs hcs pcrgags, pcrgags, quntcr quntcr gh vcsb vcsb y dnhtrcr c trcvîs trcvîs ag pcpgh, pcpgh, gofucl gofuclcr cr gh vcsb vcsb `bo `bo 7; ‐ <; iH ag cluc jnrvngoab y vgrtgrhc sberg uoc tghc ag chlbaðo, hcvcr gh rgsnaub tcotcs vg`gs `bib sgc og`gscrnb og`gscrnb,, jcstc jcstc qug qug hcs hcs clucs clucs ag hcvcab hcvcab tgolco uo pJ nluch ch agh agh







































C[ÎO C[ÎOAN@ AN@G G ;5. ;5. AGQGUINOC@NÐO AGQGUINOC@NÐ O AG COÃHNPNP SWÉIN@B AG HC HG@JG DUGP@C GOQGUC 3. Agtgri Agtgrinoc noc`nð `nðo o ag juiga juigaca ca

Iîtbab (OQ[ 5;>.541 ‐ 5;;3)

5. Agtg Agtgri rino noc` c`nð nðoo ag ag `go `gonz nzcs cs Iîtbab (OQ[ 5;>.547 ‐ 5;;3) 5.3. 5.3. Qrct Qrctci cing ngot otbb ag ag hc iu iugst gstrc rc [crc hc hc agtgrinoc`nð agtgrinoc`nðoo ag `gonzcs, `gonzcs, go hc hg`jg sg agegrã agegrã rgchnzcr rgchnzcr uo trctcingotb trctcingotb nch, gs ag`nr ag`nr gvcp

y hugl `crebonzcr `crebonzcr cotgs cotgs ag notrbau notrbau`nr `nr ch gqunpb gqunpb a





































1.5. 1.5. Ictg Ictgrn rnch ch y cpc cpcrc rctb tbss 

[npgtcs cdbrcacs ag 33 ih.



Absndn`cabr ag îiebhb ag 3; ih pcrc gh ã`nab suhdörn`b.



Ecób ag cluc rgluhceh rgluhcehgg c 47¶@.



@gotrédulc Lgregr.



Eutnrðigtrbs brnlnoch Lgregr.



Qcpbogs ag `cu`jb.



@gotrndulc ag lgregr



Gipufcabr igtãhn`b.

1.0. Ugc`tnvbs  C`nab Puhdörn`b >;->3% sglöo Lgregr UG 

Ch`bjbh nsb-Ciéhn`b sglöo Lgregr igz`hc ag nsðigrbs UG





































C[ÎOAN@G ;0. AGQGUINOC@NÐO AG COÃHNPNP COÃHNPNP SWÉIN@B AGH ^BLWUQ 3. Agtgr Agtgrin inoc` oc`nðo nðo ag ag juigac juigacaa Iîtbab (OQ[ 5;>.541 ‐ 5;;3)

5. Agtg Agtgri rino noc` c`nð nðoo ag ag `go `gonz nzcs cs Iîtbab (OQ[ 5;>.547 ‐ 5;;3)

5.3. 5.3. [rgp [rgpcr crc` c`nð nðoo ag ag hc hc iug iugstr strcc [crc hc agtgrinoc`nðo ag `gonzcs, go gh yblurt sg agegrã rgchnzcr uo trctcingotb gspg`nch gspg`nch sninhcr c hc hg`jg drgs`c, gs ag`nr ag`nr gvcpbrcr gvcpbrcr y huglb `crebonzcr `crebonzcr cotgs ag notrbau`nr ch gqunpb ag iudhc, hbs pcsbs ag bpgrc`nðo y `ãhùhb, sbo hcs insics





































4. Agtgr Agtgrin inoc` oc`nðo nðo ag lrcs lrcscc (Iîtbab C`nab-Eutnrbiîtrn`b, Obric @jning Inonstgrnb ag Clrnùhturc drco`îs ZNTZNT- 0). 0). Ghcebrcab pbr [COUGC@ SWNIN@C, P.C. Iîtbabs bdn`nchgs ag coãhnsns ag

chnigotbs. chnigotbs. Hg`jg y prbau`tbs prbau`tbs hã`tgbs. hã`tgbs. 5;;>. [ãl. 330. 4.3. 4.3. [rgpc rgpcrc rc`n `nðo ðo ag hc iugst ugstrc rc Agotrb ag uo drcs`b cdbrcab, pgscr `bo prg`nsnðo cprbxnicac ag 5 il, chrgagabr ag 7; l ag ag iugstrc iugstrc prgpcrcac. prgpcrcac. @biphgtcr @biphgtcr c 3;; 3;; iH `bo Cluc Cluc [C-C@P. [C-C@P. Clntcr Clntcr y prb`gagr c trcosvcscingotbs su`gsnvbs pcrc betgogr hc sbhu`nðo hb iãs jbiblîogc pbsnehg.

4.5 4.5 Agtgr gtgri inoc noc`nð `nðo





































C[ÎOAN@G ;1. 3. AGQ AGQGUI GUINOC NOC@NÐ @NÐO O AG COÃHNPNP COÃHNPNP IN@UBE IN@UBENBH NBHÐLN ÐLN@B @B Pg agtgrinoc hbs in`rbbrlconsibs in`rbbrlconsibs go ud`/l gxnstgotgs go hg`jgs dgrigotcacs pbr pbr hbs snlungotgs iîtbabs.

3.3. Iîtbab Iîtbab jbrnzbotch jbrnzbotch pcrc gh rgùgotb rgùgotb ag hgvcaurcs hgvcaurcs y ibjbs ibjbs [OQ ‐ CH ‐ ;;4 Ecscab go hc obric ZD T ;:-;7> (Obvngierg 3>>7)

c) Agdno dnon`n n`nðo Hgvcaurcs6 Hgvcaurcs6

In`rbbrlconsibs cgrbenbs igsðdnhbs qug, go `no`b aécs, c 57¶@, sg

agscrrbhhco go hc supgrdn`ng agh iganb sbhnab, dbricoab `bhboncs ictgs b ernhhcotgs, prgsgotcoab drgùgotgigotg `botbrob rgluhcr y uoc supgrdn`ng iãs b igobs `bovgxc ùcoab gh goscyb sg rgchnzc sglöo gh snlungotg iîtbab, (vgr dnlurc C).







































g) Gxpr Gxprgs gsnð nðoo ag ag rgs rgsuh uhtc tcab abss 

Agspuîs Agspuîs ag 7 aécs ag noùec`nðo, noùec`nðo, rgtgogr hcs hcs phc`cs qug `botgol `botgolco co uo iãxnib ag 3;; `bhboncs, ch onvgh ag abs anhu`nbogs su`gsnvcs.



@chùhcr gh oöigrb O ag hgvcaurcs y ibjbs pbr inhnhntrb b pbr lrcib `bo hc gxprgsnðo6 ∓





































`) Ugùgotb 

@botcr hcs `bhboncs `crc`tgréstn`cs ag `bhndbrigs (ag anãigtrb ≧ ;.7 ii, ag `bhbr rbfb-vnbhgtc y c vg`gs rbagcacs ag uo jchb ag prg`npntc`nðo) go hcs phc`cs qug `botgol `botgolco co igobs igobs ag 3;; `bhboncs `bhboncs `crc`tgréstn `crc`tgréstn`cs `cs y/b y/b ob `crc`tgréstn`cs.

a) Gxprgs Gxprgsnðo nðo ag rgsuhtc rgsuhtcabs abs





































3ih

Aéc 3

3ih

3ih



Iugstrc hnqunac 3; Anhu`nðo icarg (3; -3)

3;-3 (3;- )

3;-5 ( 3; - )

3;-0 ( 3; - )

3;-1 (3;- )





































Aéc 3

3ih



3ih



Iugstrc hnqunac 3; Anhu`nðo icarg (3; -3)

3;-3 (3;- )

3;-5 ( 3; - )

3;-0 ( 3; - )





































OBUIC QÎ@ON@ C [ G UWC OC

OQ[ 5;5.;>5

C[ÎOAN@G ;7. HG@JG ^ [UBAW@QBP HÃ@QGBP. ^blur ^blur b yblurt Ugqunsntbs 3. BEFGQNTB Gstc obric tîòn`c pgrucoc gstcehg`g hbs rgqunsntbs pcrc gh yblur b yblurt








































OQ[ 5;5.;>5

`botgogr `bhbrcotgs, gauh`brcotgs y scebrnzcotgs qug sg cócago cotgs ag hc






































7. UGSWNPNQB NQBP

OQ[ 5;5.;>5






































7.4 7.4.

Ugq Ugqunsn unsntb tbss in`r in`rbbenbh enbhðl ðln` n`bbs

OQ[ 5;5.;>5






































OQ[ 5;5.;>5

coãhnsns, rgspg`tnvcigotg), agengoab tbicrsg iugstrcs sninhcrgs pcrc hcs

Tesis Unamba, "YOGURT BATIDO"

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