TESIS PROYECTO DE TITULO INGENIERIA EN INFORMATICA DUOC UC 2016

ZROYAMPO RHILBOU ]Q]FI ]istanh `a Za`i`os Uab

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Zroyamto `a Pituco ” Zrogasor4 Ro`rieo Zilomfat

Moltali`o Iltro`ummi-l........... Iltro`ummi-l.......................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .................................... ..................... / #:8tuco I............................ I........................................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................... ........................ 1 !.!

@asmri8mi-l `a c: Il`ustri:..................... Il`ustri:.................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .................................... ...................... "

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A=8ras: `ol`a sa I=8c:lt: ac 8royamto................... 8royamto.................................. .............................. .............................................. ............................... 0

8.2.8 Hltama`altas `a ch an!ash ............................ .......................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .....................0 ......0 8.2.2 O!"hli"!hnh An!ash Rhilbo# ]$s%i .......................................................................... !.7 Astu`io situ:mi-l :mtu:c......................... :mtu:c........................................ .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................5 ..............5 !./ Zro6ca=9m: Zro6ca=9m: y lamasi`:` a;istalta4...................... a;istalta4..................................... ............................. ............................. .................................... ..................... ...! ............................................ ............................. .............................. ......................................................... .......................................... ! 8.&.8 Z!obcan'timh..............................

8.&.2 Lamasi`h` A(istalta.............................. ............................................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ..............................! ................! !.1 O63a>os................. O63a>os................................ .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ......................................... ........................... !!

8.).8 Ob*ati+o ,ala!hc............................. ............................................ .............................. ............................. ............................. ..................................... ...................... !! 8.).2 Ob*ati+os Asam-imos/ ............................ .......................................... ............................. .............................. ............................. .............................!! ...............!! #:8tuco II......................... II........................................ .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................... ........................ !2 2.! Zc:l `a eas-l `a m:ci`:`..................... m:ci`:`................................... ............................. .............................. ............................. .........................................!7 ...........................!7 ............................................ ............................. ............................. ....................!7 .....!7 2.8.8 Mhci`h` Rocas : Rasolshbici`h`as .............................

2.8.2 Zchliimhmil `a Mhci`h` .................................................................................................!/ 2.8. Hsa"$!hnialto `a Mhci`h`............................ ........................................... .............................. .................................................. ................................... !1 .......................................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................!" .....................!" 2.8.& Molt!oc `a Mhci`h` ............................

 2.8.) Z!omasos `a =a!iimhmil : =hci`hmil.........................................................................!0 2.2

*as-l `a #ol
2.7 Zc:l `a riaseosH =a`i`:s `a mollealmi: y g:mtoras `a mrmos `a ;ito...................................2 ;ito...................................2

2..8 Zchl `a Rias"os ............................ .......................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ......................... .......... 2 2..2 Ast!hta"ih `a niti"hmil : chl `a moltil"almih .........................................................27 2.. Molmc$sil Zchl `a Rias"os............................. ............................................ .............................. .............................................. ............................... 2 .......................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ......................... ..........25 25 2..& 0hmto!as m!-timos `a 1(ito ............................ 2./ Zroyamto Zroyamto Zro8uasto................ Zro8uasto............................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ......................................... .......................... 7

2.&.8 ]it$hmil Hmt$hc ............................. ............................................ .............................. ............................. .................................................... ...................................... 7! ............................................ .............................. ............................. .............................................. ................................ 72 2.&.2 ]oc$mil Z!o$asth............................. 2.1 Nato`ocoe: Mua sa uci:r9.................... uci:r9.................................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................... ........................ 77

2.).8 7o`aco `a 5ash!!occo............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................................77 .............................77 !

2.).2 ]acammil `ac 7o`aco............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................................77 .............................77 2.). Fa!!hnialth `a soo!ta h!h ac `ash!!occo ............................ .......................................... ............................. .........................77 ..........77 2." Zc:li
2.6.8 Mh!th ,hltt. 9Hla(os4 ............................ ........................................... ............................. ............................. ............................................ ............................. 71 2.6.2 Zchliimhmil al A5P.............................. ........................................... ............................. ............................. ............................................ .............................. 70 ........................................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .................................../ ..................../ 2.6. 7hcch Za!t.............................

2.6.& UB] 9Uo!; B!ah;`o#l ]t!$t$!a4 :3o A5P ............................ .......................................... ............................. ........................./! ........../! 2.0 Zc:l `a I=8c:lt:mi-l I=8c:lt:mi-l `ac Zroyamto.................. Zroyamto................................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................... ................. /7

2.>.8 Zchl `a Oa!hmil `ac ]istanh ...................................................................................../7 2.>.2 Zchl `a Inchlthmil............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................../7 ................/7 2.>. Zchl `a 7hltalmil............................ .......................................... ............................. .............................. ............................. .................................// ...................// #:8tuco III......................... III....................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................... ........................ /1 7.! @asmri8mi-l `a Po`os cos RaMuari=ialtos........... RaMuari=ialtos.......................... ............................. ............................. ........................................../" .........................../"

.8.8 Ra<$isitos 0$lmiolhcas............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. .............................. .......................... ........... /" .8.2 Ra<$isitos Lo 0$lmiolhcas ............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. .................................../0 ..................../0 ............................................ .............................. ............................................/5 ............................./5 .8. Mhsos `a Qso n's Molt!htos .............................

.8.& 5ih"!hnh 5a Hmti+i`h`............................ ........................................... .............................. ........................................................ ......................................... "2 .8.) 5ih"!hnhs `a ]am$almih ............................. ........................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................"2 ........."2 7.2 arr:=ialt:s arr:=ialt:s : 'ci:r......................... 'ci:r....................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................ ............." " 7.7 @asmri8mi-l 8c:t:gor=: mo=8ut:miol:c Mua sa uci:r9..................... uci:r9.................................... ........................................0 .........................0

..8 Fh!`#h!a............................ ........................................... ............................. ............................. .............................. .................................................. ................................... 0 ..2 ]ot#h!a............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ..................................... ...................... 0! 7./ Astu`io `a +:m6ici`:`............. +:m6ici`:`............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ...................................................... ........................................ 0!

.&.8 0hmtibici`h` P1mlimh............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ................................0! ..................0! .&.2 0hmtibici`h` Oa!hmiolhc............................ ........................................... .............................. ............................. ................................... ..................... ....02 .&. 0hmtibici`h` ?a"hc ............................. ............................................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................07 ......................07 .&.& 0hmtibici`h` Amolnimh............................ ........................................... ............................. ............................. ..........................................0/ ...........................0/ 7./.1

#olmcusi-l Astu`io `a +:m6ici`:`.............. +:m6ici`:`............................. ............................. .................................................. .................................... 01

#:8ituco IW........................... IW.......................................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................00 .....................00 /.!

@i:er:=: `a mc:sas...................... mc:sas.................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................... ................ 0

/.2 @i:er:=: `a B:sa `a @:tos........................ @:tos....................................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................05 .....................05 /.7 @asmri8mi-l `a to`:s c:s t:6c:s Mua mo=8olal c: B:sa `a `:tos............................ `:tos............................................... ................... /./ @i:er:=:s `a L:>ae:mi-l........... L:>ae:mi-l......................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ................................................... ..................................... 1

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/.1 N:8: `ac sio............................................................................................................................." /.0 Zroto8o `a $8cim:mi-l..............................................................................................................  #olmcusi-l......................................................................................................................................!/ Bi6cioer:G:..................................................................................................................................... !1

7

Iltro`ummiýl Ac !asalta ilo!na `athcch cos !a<$a!inialtosJ ac `isaoJ ch inchlthmil : tastil" `a $l sistanhJ <$a a!nita h ch An!ash RhilBo# ]$s%i incanalth! s$ !oio sa!+imio `a !ah!to h `onimicio olcila. Asto asJ ch An!ash hmicith!' $lh ilta!h #ab h!h s$s mcialtas : hs-J astos $a`hl !ahcih! a`i`os al Ilta!lat. Ac !o:amto sa `i+i`i al `os n`$cos/ $l ný`uco h`nilistrh`or J al ch m$hc ch an!ash `i!i"a s$ la"omio `a a`i`os olcila $lh ilta!h #ab h!h ac mcialtaJ al ch <$a cos mols$ni`o!as `ac !asth$!hlta $a`al il"!ash! a ilo!nh!sa hma!mh `a cos !o`$mtos <$a oa!th ac nisnoJ h!h c$a"o "astiolh! $l a`i`o si hs- co `asahl : $l ný`uco mcialta, `as`a ac m$hc cos $s$h!ios hc sistanh #ab $a`al !ahcih! mon!hs. ?o hlta!io! asth!' hco*h`o al $l sa!+i`o!J almh!"h`o `a nost!h!  ch ilo!nhmil `ac sistanh : `a !oo!miolh!cas chs %a!!hnialths : sa!+imios lamash!ios h!h s$ mo!!amto $lmiolhnialto. P!hs molmc$i! ch molst!$mmil `ac !asalta t!hbh*oJ sa !atal`a obtala! $l sistanh hbsoc$thnalta no`$ch!J m$:h $lmiolhci`h` sa!' 'micnalta a(talsibca. ]il anbh!"oJ lo sa t!hth!' `a $l sistanh <$a sah $ticihbca o! m$hc<$ia! An!ash `a +alth `a ]$s%iJ :h <$a tal`!' cos n`$cos : $s$h!ios mol cos <$a RhilBo# ]$s%i t!hbh*h. ]a!'J o! co thltoJ $l sistanh m!ah`o asamihcnalta h!h RhilBo# ]$s%i. Ac !o`$mto o!ami`o a!nita !o"!hnh! $lh alt!a"h `a s$s%i `a o!nh !'i`h : oo!t$lhJ o!amial`o $l sa!+imio hc mcialta sil molthmto `i!amto mol ac +al`a`o!J : <$a sa !ahcih o! $lh hcimhmil #ab <$a asth!' `isolibca al ch '"ilh `ac comhc `a s$s%i. Al asta mhso l$ast!o mcialta sa t!hth `a $lh An!ash cchnh`h Rhilbo# ]$s%i. Ac sistanh ast' !asalta al ac sitio #ab `a ch An!ashJ `a o!nh <$a m$hl`o $l mcialta il`i<$a <$a <$ia!a !ahcih! $lh socimit$` `a moni`hJ hc hmma`a! hc cil; mo!!asol`ialta sah !a `i!ammiolh`o hc sistanhJ : <$a $a`h !ahcih! to`os cos a`i`os <$a !a<$ia!h.

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Mhpîtuco I

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8.8 5asm!imil `a ch Il`$st!ih  Hmt$hcnalta ch +alth `a ]$s%i al M%ica as to`o $l 1(itoJ `abi`o h <$a as $lh `a chs moni`hs a(t!hl*a!hs n's hatami`hs o! chs a!solhs `$!hlta cos @ctinos hosJ : s$ o!nh `a alt!a"hJ +-h 5aci+a!: o `ashm%o h ch mhsh as $lh no`hci`h` `a mon!h <$a ht!ha h n$m%os m%icalos o! s$ mono`i`h` : !hi`a. Al =hch!h-so hmt$hcnalta a(istal hc!a`a`o! `a 8GG !asth$!hltas `a moni`h  *holashJ a!o ac l@na!o +h h$nalth`o molo!na sa %hma o$ch! ch a(a!ialmih `a !obh! asta chtoJ <$a ast' hc hcmhlma `a m$hc<$ia! bocsicco $as cos !amios +hl `as`a cos E nic %hsth cos EG nic asos. ?hs An!ashs `a ]$s%i hmt$hcnalta m$althl mol ac nisno sistanh `a +alth/ Ql sitio #ab al `ol`a hl$lmih! s$s !o`$mtosJ $lh '"ilh al 0hmaboo; h!h !ahcih!  chs socimit$`as o! m%htJ $l tac1olo mol ac <$a sa mon$limhl cos mcialtas thnbi1l h!h %hma! a`i`osJ : al omhsiolas ilmc$:al U%htsHJ ch hcimhmil n+ic <$a a!niti!' !ahcih! a`i`os h t!h+1s `ac m%ht `ac ]nh!t%ola. Al "ala!hcJ chs mh`alhs `a m$hc<$ia! ot!o tio `a moni`h ilmc$:al al s$s sitios #ab sistanhs asamihcih`os h!h <$a ac mcialta $a`h !ahcih! ch socimit$` `i!amthnalta hcc-J a ilmc$so h"h! al c-lah h!h <$a thl soco hsh`os $los nil$tos ac a`i`o cca"$a h s$ `onimicio. ?o hlta!io! lo om$!!a mol chs il`$st!ihs `a ]$s%iJ <$a cca"h! mono $l chto illo+h`o! h!h ac hch`h! `ac m%icalo : <$a h s$ +a sa +hl inolial`o `a h omo al ch +alth al c-lah `a s$s !o`$mtos. Al cos @ctinos hos ch tal`almih al ac h-s o! cos a`i`os `aci+a!: sa %h ilm!analth`o al n's `a $l 8G sa"@l mi!hs `a ch mh`alh `a moni`h *holash Li$ ]$s%iJ in$csh`o !ilmihcnalta o! $l nh:o! o`a! h`<$isiti+o `a h!ta `a cos mcialtas : $l m!aminialto al ch oa!th "hst!olnimh `isolibca.

"

8.2 An!ash `ol`a sa Inchlth ac !o:amto Rhilbo# ]$s%i as $lh an!ash al ac !$b!o `a ch +alth `a s$s%i mol alt!a"h thlto al ac ?omhc Asthbcami`o mono thnbi1l h `onimicio h t!h+1s `a 5aci+a!:. ]$ `$ahJ Mamicih H"$ich!J h!ti mol asta la"omio al ac ho 2G82J co <$a %o: al `-h sa molsh"!o mono $l comhc n$: molm$!!i`o al ac malt!o `a =ih `ac 7h!J to`o sa `aba h s$ "!hl +h!ia`h` `a !o`$mtos : !amios hc hcmhlma `a m$hc<$ia! a!solh. ?os 5aci+a!: sol alt!a"h`os o! $l !ah!ti`o!. Asta !ah!ti`o! as molt!hth`o o! ch an!ash hc nonalto `a !amc$th!co sa ca socimith tala! $lh cimalmih `a mol`$mi!  mchsa M. ?h 7oto as `a ch an!ashJ o! al`aJ ac comhc m$nca ch $lmil `a nhltala! ac +a%-m$co mol ac asthl<$a ccaloJ mol s$s `om$naltos hc `-h : h ch +a oto!"h!ca ac s$ac`o mo!!asol`ialta hc !ah!ti`o!. Astos 5ashm%os sol "!ht$itosJ sil anbh!"oJ sa a(i"a $lh mon!h n-linh `a  nic asos h!h %hma! aamti+o ac 5aci+a!:. Phnbi1l as osibca mols$ni! ac !o`$mto `alt!o `ac comhc. Zh!h asto ac mcialta $a`a !am$!!i! hc nisno : !ahcih! s$ socimit$` hc mh*a!oJ <$ial %h!' ac mob!o mo!!asol`ialta o! ac !o`$mto. 5alt!o `ac comhc a(istal nashs `a`imh`hs h <$ialas `asaal mols$ni! ch moni`h hcc-. Asta $lto `a moni`h h `ia!almih `a s$ monatalmih %h `ami`i`o incanalth! s$ !oio sistanh `a a`i`os olcila. Ot!os comhcas molt!hthl cos sa!+imios `a $lh an!ash almh!"h`h `a %hma! ac a`i`o #ab thc mono co %hma a`i`o. ?h hcta!lhti+h `a aca"i! ac sistanh !oio $a h mh$sh `a <$a ac h!!al`h!  si"liimh!-h h"h! n$m%o `ila!o al $bcimi`h`as sial`o <$a ch hcimhmil o!ama !o`$mtos `a ot!hs an!ashs `a`imh`hs hc nisno !$b!o co m$hc lo "h!hltih ch !aa!almih `a cos mols$ni`o!as

 8.2.8 Hltama`altas `a ch an!ash Lonbra Anprash4 RhilBow ]usfi ].H. Raprasalthlta4 Mamicih Huichr  Morrao Acamtrýlimo4 mamicihhuichr!rhilbowsusfi.mc "bimhmiýl4 #$ Lorta ###%, mhsi as&uilh ' (rialta. Rubro4 )alth `a moni`h *hpolash.

0

8.2.2 O!"hli"!hnh An!ash Rhilbo# ]$s%i

@uaE: #amici: $euic:r

#:3ar: (asali: Zc::

#omilaro ! A`u:r`o N:rla

#omilaro 2 F:>iar As8ilo:

Ra8:r`or !

%alil N:ril

Ra8:r`or 2

+aci8a P:8i:

0i"$!h 8.G/ O!"hli"!hnh `a ch An!ash.

Asta o!"hli"!hnh n$ast!h ac $lmiolhnialto `a ch an!ash Rhilbo# ]$s%i. H moltil$hmilJ sa a(cimh ch $lmil `a mh`h $lo `a s$s ancah`os/ +uah4 As ch almh!"h`h `a cca+h! ch molthbici`h` `a ch an!ashJ tonh chs

`amisiolas : almh!"h`h `a !alo+h! hc a!solhc al mhso `a ch !al$lmih `a $lo `a s$s t!hbh*h`o!asJ acch as ch mcialta !ilmihc `a asta !o:amto. Mh*arh4  Htial`a cos a`i`os +-h tacalimhJ : aamt@h cos h"os al aamti+o m$hl`o

ac mcialta h"h al ch tial`h. Momilaro # - 4   ]a almh!"hl `a !ah!h! cos chtos `a moni`h ]a !a<$ia!a

molominialtos `a ast$`io al "hst!olon-h. Raphrti`oras4   ]ol <$ialas cca+hl cos a`i`os hc `onimicio `ac mcialtaJ o! co

"ala!hc t!hbh*hl tiano Zh!tDtina.

8. Ast$`io sit$hmil hmt$hc 

?h An!ash RhilBo# ]$s%i hmt$hcnalta m$alth mol $l sitio #ab sob!a ac m$hc n$ast!h ch +h!ia`h` `a s$s !o`$mtosJ %hma nalmil h s$s !a`as somihcas a il+ith h cos mcialtas h `i!i"i!sa hc comhc $bimh`o al 8G Lo!ta 888> mol & O!ialtaJ =ih `ac 7h!J h!h %hma! s$ a`i`oJ o bialJ !ahcih!co h t!h+1s `ac m%ht na`ihlta 0hmaboo; o U%htsH. ?os !ah!ti`o!as tialal ch chbo! `a +ih*h! al $lh notomimcath !ah!ti`o!h oto!"h`h o! ch an!ashJ %hmih to`os cos samto!as `alt!o `a ch mon$lh `a =ih `ac 7h!  h!h %hma! alt!a"h `ac a`i`o hc mcialta al s$ `onimicio. Mh`h $lo `a accos m$alth mol $l ]nh!tZ%ola !oio h!h "$ih!sa hc `onimicio $ticihl`o ac sa!+imio ,Z]. Qlh +a <$a ac a`i`o as alt!a"h`o : h"h`oJ ac !ah!ti`o! `aba !ahcih! ac +ih*a %hmih ac comhc l$a+hnalta h!h alt!a"h! ac `ila!o !amh$`h`o 9al ac mhso `a <$a h"h!h mol aamti+o4 : nh!mh! ac a`i`o mono KAlt!a"h`oC. Mono sa nalmiol hlta!io!naltaJ ch An!ash m$alth mol $l comhc i*oJ al `ol`a cos mcialtas $a`al i! `a o!nh `i!amth h !ahcih! ch mon!h `a s$ !o`$mto : h"h!co al aamti+o o mol th!*ath.

5

8.& Z!obcan'timh : lamasi`h` a(istalta/ 8.&.8 Z!obcan'timh Al ch an!ash <$a`h al a+i`almih $lh sa!ia `a !obcanhs : hcchs al s$ $lmiolhnialto a(cimh`os h moltil$hmil/ N ?h c-lah tacalimhJ sial`o $lh c-lah `a $l @limo l@na!o i*oJ monialh h !amibi! n$m%hs socimit$`as : cchnh`osJ : sa nhltiala om$h`hJ a!`ial`o hs- cos mcialtas <$a sa <$a`hl al asa!h. N Hc !amibi! n$m%hs cchnh`hs tacalimhsJ hc"$ial tiala <$a `a*h! s$ mh!"o h!h htal`a! ac tac1oloJ :h sah momila!o o mh*a!o. Asto !a!asalth!-h $l !obcanh h ch %o!h `a htal`a! $lh mhlti`h` nhsi+h `a mcialtas. N Ac !ah!ti`o! lo tiala lil"$lh o!nh `a `h! h+iso h!h il`imh! ac asth`o `ac a`i`oJ o! co <$a sa `aba asa!h! s$ cca"h`h hc comhc h!h shba! si ac a`i`o %h si`o alt!a"h`o.

8.&.2 Lamasi`h` A(istalta As !amiso <$a cos mcialtas $a`hl $ticih! ot!h chtho!nh `a mon!hsJ `a nhla!h <$a ch 1!`i`h `a mcialtas sah n-linhJ h`an's `a hmaca!h! ac !omaso `a o!`al `a mon!h : cca+h! $l !a"ist!o o!`alh`o `a chs +alths. As o! aso <$aJ h t!h+1s `a $lh chtho!nh #abJ al `ol`a ac mcialta $a`h !ahcih! s$ mon!h `i!amthnalta al ac sistanhJ sa o`!' soc+alth! asta !obcanh

!

8.) Ob*ati+os  8.).8 Ob*ati+o ,ala!hc 5ash!!occh! $l sistanh <$a a!nith ch inchlthmil `a $l sa!+imio `a !ah!to h `onimicio h!h ch An!ash "hst!olnimh RhilBo# ]$s%i. Asta sistanh `aba!' osimiolh! h chs alti`h`as mona!mihcas al Ilta!lat : %hma!chs +isibcas hc @bcimo. ?as hmicith!' chs %a!!hnialths lamash!ihs h!h h`nilist!h! s$ sistanh `a 5aci+a!:J h`an's `a $l sistanh #ab al ac m$hc sa o`!' !ono+a! !o`$mtos : o!ama! ch +alth olcila `a astos. Po`o co hlta!io! `aba co"!h!sa `a thc nhla!hJ <$a a!nith ch h`<$isimil `ac sa!+imioJ o! h!ta `a ch An!ashJ `a nhla!h amolnimhJ as `ami!J <$a sah hmmasibca s$ inchlthmil o! h!ta `a RhilBo# ]$s%i.

 8.).2 Ob*ati+os Asam-imos/ ➢

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M!ah! $l sitio #ab ilta!hmti+o : 'mic `a nhla*h!J sil `a*h! ht!'s ch !otammil `a `htos `ac $s$h!io.  H"!a"h! sa"$!i`h` o! na`io `a $l ?o"il mol $l !a"ist!o 'mic h!h ac $s$h!ioJ : mno`o `a alt!h!J al asta mhso ac Ilimio sa `i!ammiolh!' mol botl al ch '"ilh -l`a(. ]a $a`a !ahcih! Za`i`os : h"os olcila h`an's `a +is$hcih! ch "!hl +h!ia`h` `ac nal@ mh!th `ac comhc Rhilbo# ]$s%i. Il"!ash! !o`$mtos hc n`$co `a mcialta mol s$ !asamti+h mhta"o!-h a inh"al h t!h+1s `ac n`$co h`nilist!h`o!.

!!

Mhpîtuco II

!2

2.8 Zchl `a "astil `a mhci`h` Zh!h !ahcih! asta !o:amtoJ lo soco sa molt mol $lh b$alh !o$asthJ silo <$a thnbi1l mol $l b$al chl `a hsa"$!hnialto `a mhci`h`. Asta sa `asanah na`ihlta $l chl 9chl ]H4 <$a h:$`a h cca+h! h mhbo ac !o:amto. ]a !oola $l chl `a molt!oc <$a ast' !asalta lo soco `$!hlta ch $asth al nh!m%h `ac !o:amtoJ silo <$a thnbi1l `$!hlta to`h s$ molst!$mmil. Ac !osito `ac chl ]H as il`imh! chs hmti+i`h`as <$a a!nithl hsa"$!h! ch mhci`h` `ac sot#h!a h `ash!!occh!J il`imhl`o mono sa +h h nolito!ah! o !a+ish! ac sistanhJ hcimhl`o ast'l`h!as <$a ho!tal al ch !a+isil `a ch achbo!hmil `ac !o`$mto thc mono sa asamiimh al cos n1to`os ancah`os al ac mimco `a +i`h `ac sot#h!a. Asto a!nita <$a ac !asolshbca $ticima asths %a!!hnialths h!h o`a!  `om$nalth!sa `a cos osibcas `aamtos <$a sa $a`hl !asalth! `$!hlta ac `ash!!occo `ac !o:amto : hs- nisno !ahcih! sa"$inialtos `a thcas `aamtos mol ac il `a o`a! soc$miolh!cos. Ast'l`h!as h!h ac `ash!!occo `a ch hcimhmil/ 5om$nalthmil/ ]a ilmc$:al M%am;cistJ nil$ths `a !a$lil : to`o co <$a a!nith nhltala! ilo!nhmil sob!a ac asth`o hmt$hc `ac sistanh. Ra"chs : n1to`os mol !asamto hc `ash!!occo/ Bhs'l`osa al ac 7o`aco Ilm!analthcJ ac sistanh RhilBo# ]$s%i as molst!$i`o `a hm$a!`o h cos ast'l`h!as `aili`os. Ast'l`h!as h!h ch athh `a mo`iimhmil/ mono o! a*anco lonalmcht$!hJ !ast!immiolasJ !a"chs `a ilta!hmas alt!a ot!os $ltos. Ast'l`h!as h!h ac `ash!!occo `a ch hcimhmil/ Qticihl`o chs %a!!hnialths h`am$h`hs : h`hth`hs h!h ac mo!!amto $lmiolhnialto `ac sistanh sob!a ch chtho!nh ilhc. Z!oma`inialtos h!h hsa"$!h! ch mhci`h` al ac `ash!!occo `ac sistanh.  Hmmiolas mo!!amti+hs/ Asto asJ Zchl `a Rias"osJ hmo!`a hc sistanh RhilBo# ]$s%i. Rao!tas/ ,ala!h! ilo!nas `a a!!o!asJ mhnbiosJ !$abhsJ Zchl `a !$abhs. Ra+isiolas o!nhcas. ➢

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2.8.8 Mhci`h` Rocas : Rasolshbici`h`as Rocas 8. ]H

Rasolshbici`h`as 8. 7olito!ih ,astil `a mhci`h` !7

2.D pruabhs

2.D?hs !$abhs sa!'l !ahcih`hs o! cos `ash!!occh`o!as `ac sistanh.

.D Hlhcisth Z!o"!hnh`o!

.D Z!o"!hnh`o! `ac sistanhJ mol molominialto ZFZJ as !asolshbca `a ch mo`iimhmil : $lmiolhci`h` `ac Z!o:amto &.D Zchliimh`o! `ac Z!o:amtoJ !asolshbca `a ch tonh `a `amisiolas : cca+h! h mhbo ac !o:amtoJ sa"@l ac no`aco `a `ash!!occo.

&.DZchliimh`o!

2.8.2 Zchliimhmil `a Mhci`h` Z!osito 5om$nalthmi l  Hl'cisis

Hmti+i`h` 7olito!ah! ha"o `a ch `om$nalthmil h cos ast'l`h!as Alo<$a `a ch athh `a hl'cisis h cos ast'l`h!as !a<$a!i`os al ac `ash!!occo

5isao

7olito!ah! ha"o `a `isao h cos ast'l`h!as

Mo`iimhmil

7olito!ah! ha"o `a ch athh `a mo`iimhmil h cos ast'l`h!as

Z!$abhs

7olito!ah! h`%a!almihs `a ch athh `a !$abhs h cos ast'l`h!as

M!ita!ios shci`h

`a Z!omaso `a `om$nalthmil Z!omaso `a hl'cisis Z!omaso `a `isao Z!omaso `a mo`iimhmil Z!omaso `a !$abhs

5athcca Z!omash! ch ilo!nhmil h`am$h`h h!h chs `ia!altas athhs ,ala!hmil `a ch `om$nalthmil lamash!ih `a ch athh asam-imh : !a+ish! <$a sa h*$sta h cos ast'l`h!as ,ala!hmil `a ch `om$nalthmil lamash!ih `a ch athh asam-imh : !a+ish! <$a sa h*$sta h cos ast'l`h!as ,ala!hmil `a ch `om$nalthmil lamash!ih `a ch athh asam-imh : !a+ish! <$a sa h*$sta h cos ast'l`h!as ,ala!hmil `a ch `om$nalthmil lamash!ih `a ch athh asam-imh : !a+ish! <$a sa h*$sta h cos ast'l`h!as ,ala!hmil `a ch `om$nalthmil lamash!ih `a ch athh asam-imh : !a+ish! <$a sa h*$sta h cos ast'l`h!as

!/

 2.8. Hsa"$!hnialto `a Mhci`h` Hmti/i`h`as pchli:imh`hs - sistan8timhs rachti/h h ch mhci`h`, phrh hsaurhr  &ua ac pro-amto anpcaa to`os cos promasos lamashrios phrh munpcir mol cos ra&uisitos

Ra"ist!o `a hmti+i`h`as `a hsa"$!hnialto `a ch mhci`h` =a!sil/ 8.G 0am%h/ 2& `a *$lio `a Lonb!a `ac Z!o:amto/ Rhilbo# ]$s%i sistanh `a 2G8) a`i`os Olcila Almh!"h`o `ac 7h$!imio Maa`h `om$nalto Lonb!a 2romaso o 8rah Raspolshbcas Asth`o `a `ac 8rah promaso Hmmaso h Bhsa `a Mh`h ) +htos h`nilist!h!  Ramibinialto `ac =o `a ral`inialto `a fhr`whra :ulmiolas &ua sa pua`al rautici0hr procohr ac uso `a ch bhtarîh Ra/isiýl `a otro Ilaliaro sobra ac co `a ral`inialto Monulimhmiýl :cui`h, molsthlta mchrh al ac a&uipo.

o ch hmti/i`h`

`-hsJ 7h$!imio Maa`h

Z%7:H`nil Mhci`h` : m$i`h`o 7h$!imio Maa`h `ac %h!`#h!a al cos a<$ios `a ch an!ash

Zal`ialta Hc `-h

Mhci`h` : m$i`h`o 7h$!imio Maa`h `ac sot#h!a.

Hc `-h

Mhci`h` : m$i`h`o 7h$!imio Maa`h `ac %h!`#h!a alt!a ac sistanh : sa!+i`o!  #ab.

Hc `-h

!1

 2.8.& Molt!oc `a Mhci`h` I`alti:imh Rasucth`os aspamî:imos `ac pro-amto, phrh `atarnilhr si munpcal mol cos ast8l`hras partilaltas.

M!ita!ios hlhcih`os I5 M!ita!io G8 G2 G G&

G) G6 G>

Hl'cisis

H!obh` o Ac !omaso m$alth mol $l Al mh`h !$abh sa `om$nalt ac ]i ast'l`h! `om$nalth`o !as$cth`o ?h `om$nalthmil `ac Lo sa `atamth!ol a!!o!as ]i ast'l`h! as mch!h : mon!alsibca 5$!hlta ch hcimhmil `ac Lo %h: +h!ihmil ]i !omaso sa si"$a ac ast'l`h! asthbcami`o Ac !omaso m$alth mol chs ?h $ticihmil `a chs chlticchs ]i chlticchs a!tilaltas h!h o!`alh : hmicith ch ch a*am$mil `a th!ahs : `om$nalthmil !a"ist!o `a `htos obtali`os Po`os cos il+oc$m!h`os al Mh`h il+oc$m!h`o tiala ]i ac !omaso molomal : molominialto a ilst!$mti+o `a si"$al cos ast'l`h!as sa"$i! cos ast'l`h!as Po`os cos il+oc$m!h`os al Po`os cos il+oc$m!h`os molomal ]i ac !omaso molomal : : hcimhl chlticchs $ticihl chs chlticchs ?os mhnbios !ahcih`os al ?os mhnbios `a socimit$`as al ch ]i cos ast'l`h!asJ "$-hsJ : `om$nalthmil `an's `om$nalthmil obtali`h al ac !omaso sol molt!och`os o! ac a<$io `a molt!oc `a mhnbios

!"

 2.8.) Z!omasos `a =a!iimhmil : =hci`hmil 2.2 ,astil `a Moli"$!hmil `ac ]ot#h!a ]M7 Ac

0i"$!h 8.8/ Z!omaso ==.

!0

ob*ati+o !ilmihc `ac !omaso `a nhla*o `a molt!oc `a +a!siolasJ as moo!`ilh! ac $so : hmt$hcihmil `ac sot#h!aJ hsa"$!'l`osa <$a sa ast'l t!hbh*hl`o mol chs +a!siolas `a cos mhnbios 9molt!oc `a mhnbios4J : hsa"$!'l`osa <$a lh`h sa ia!`h 9molt!oc `a !atalmil4. Asta !omaso ast' h*$sth`o h!h ac !o:amto `a `ash!!occo hmt$hcJ : ast' !achmiolh`o mol cos `om$naltos `a chliimhmil : `asm!imil `ac mimco `a +i`h h!h asta !o:amto. Ac !o:amto ast' mchsiimh`o mono $l !o:amto mol monca*i`h` na`ih as$a!os `a `ash!!occo nh:o!as !a<$ia!al molt!ocas n's !i"$!osos <$a cos <$a sa `asm!ibal h<$-. Al asth athh as !ino!`ihc h!h o`a! !ahcih! $l sa"$inialto hc sot#h!a `$!hlta to`o ac `ash!!occo `ac !o:amto. ?h "astil `a ch moli"$!hmil `ac sot#h!a 9]M74 sa almh!"h `a/  Molt!oc `a moli"$!hmil/ Molt!och! cos mhnbios `ac !o`$mto.  Asth`o `a monolaltas/ Rao!tah! ac asth`o `a cos monolaltas.  7hla*o `a molst!$mmil/ 7hla*h! ac !omaso : %a!!hnialths $ticih`hs h!h ch molst!$mmil.  Molt!oc `a a!!o!as/ Hsa"$!h! ac sa"$inialto `a mh`h a!!o! %hsth ch $alta `a asta. 5$!hlta ac mimco `a +i`h `a m$hc<$ia! !o:amto `a sot#h!a sol ila+ithbcas cos mhnbiosJ :h sahl h socimit$` `ac $s$h!ioJ o o! l$a+os !a<$isitos `atamth`os o!  cos `ash!!occh`o!asJ asta sa"$inialto sa !ahcih mh`h +a <$a sa lamasita !ahcih!  hc"@l mhnbio al ac `ash!!occo :h al asth`o `a a*am$mil o al $lmiolhnialtoJ sa !a$li!' ch ilo!nhmil al chs si"$ialtas chlticchs/ Lonbra `ac 2ro-amto4 Rhilbow ]usfi (lcila

Rocas al ch ,astil `a Mhnbios Lonbra `ac Almhrh`o Roc

Raspolshbici`h`as

Li/ac `a hutori`h`

,astil `a Mh!cos ]ic+h Mhnbios

H!obh! : !am%hh!  Pothc mhnbios. A+hc$h! : aamt$h! +ihbici`h` `ac mhnbio : lamasi`h`.

1ipo `a mhnbios / ]a `asm!ibal cos tios `a mhnbios : s$s `ia!almihs.

8. Hmmil Mo!!amti+h/ Astos mhnbios lo hshl o! ac !omaso `a "astil `a mhnbiosJ soco sol h$to!ih`os o! ac *aa `ac a<$io h!h !ahcih!sa. 2. Hmmil Z!a+alti+h/ Astos mhnbios lo hshl o! ac !omaso `a "astil `a mhnbiosJ soco sol h$to!ih`os o! ac *aa `ac a<$io h!h !ahcih!sa. . Rah!hmil `a 5aamto/ Astos mhnbios lo hshl o! ac !omaso "ala!hc `a "astil `a mhnbiosJ soco sol h$to!ih`os o! ac *aa `ac a<$io h!h !ahcih!sa. &. Mhnbio hc chl `a Z!o:amto/ Astos mhnbios `abal hsh! o! ac !omaso `a "astil `a mhnbios. !

2romaso `a 7astiýl `a Mhnbios4

]ocimit$` `a Mhnbios/ ]a anita ch N ]a o!nhcih ch ilimihti+h `ac socimit$` na`ihlta $l `om$nalto mhnbioJ achbo!hl`o ch socimit$` al o!nh mch!h : !amish. `a mhnbio. =a!iimhmil `a ch ]ocimit$`/ ]a N ]a hlhcih al !o$l`i`h` ch hsa"$!h `a <$a sa %h alt!a"h`o socimit$` `ac mhnbioJ mol ac il to`h ch ilo!nhmil lamash!ih h!h `a mon!al`a! ch socimit$` : chs a*am$th! ch a+hc$hmil `ac mhnbio. !holas o! chs <$a sa %h o!i"ilh`o. N ]a +a!iimh <$a al ch socimit$` `a mhnbios hh!amh to`h ch ilo!nhmil lamash!ih h!h !ahcih! $lh a+hc$hmil moncath : a(%h$sti+h. A+hc$hmil `a Inhmto/ ]a a+hc@h N ]a a+hc@hl cos inhmtos m$hc +h h sa! ac thnho `ac inhmto ilta"!hcas `ac mhnbio al ac `ac mhnbioJ : si $a`a "ala!h!  !o:amto. N ]a `asm!iba al ch socimit$` `ac moncimhmiolas. mhnbio ac inhmto <$a tal`!' hc !ahcih!sa. Ponh `a 5amisil : !a chliimhmil/ N Qlh +a <$a sa a+hc@h ac ]a `ami`a si ch socimit$` as inhmto `ac mhnbioJ sa tonh h!obh`h o lo. Al mhso `a sa!  $lh `amisil 9h!obhmilJ h!obh`h sa !a chliimh sa"@l sah !am%hoJ hchhnialto4 lamash!io. Inchlth! ac mhnbio/ ]a !ahcih ac N ]a !a chliimh ac !o:amto h!h mhnbio : sa nolito!ah ac !o"!aso hcimh! ac mhnbio h!obh`o. `a asta. 0ilhcnalta sa !ao!th ac N ]a mon$limhl cos !as$cth`os `a ch l$a+h chliimhmil hc a<$io !omaso `ac mhnbio. `a t!hbh*o. N ]a nolito!ah ac !o"!aso `a chs hmmiolas `ac mhnbio. Molmc$i! ac !omaso `a mhnbio/ ]a N ]a +a!iimh <$a to`o ac !omaso hsa"$!h `a <$a to`o ac !omaso sa sa si"$i mo!!amthnalta. N ]a hmt$hcihl cos `om$naltos !ahci mol 1(ito. mo!!asol`ialtas.

!5

2. Zchl `a !ias"osJ na`i`hs `a moltil"almih : hmto!as `a m!-timos `a 1(ito.  2..8 Zchl `a Rias"os

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 Hcmhlma : Z!osito

=isil ,ala!hc `a cos !ias"os

]a a+hc@hl cos !ias"os !aa!altas hc sistanh h!h ch An!ash RhilBo# ]$s%iJ al ac <$a sa alm$alt!hl cos chlas `a niti"hmil : cos !ias"os. Al asta `om$nalto sa alm$alt!h ch +isil "ala!hc `a cos !ias"os <$a sa astinh <$a $a`al om$!!i! h co ch!"o `ac `ash!!occo `ac !o:amto.

Almhrh`o `a Riasos

Almh!"h`o9s4 `a Rias"os Rasolshbici`h`as

Mh!cos ]ic+hJ 7h$!imio Maa`h N 5ata!nilh! cos !ias"os !obhbcas : a+hc$h! ch nhla!h al ch <$a sa!'l t!hth`os. N M!ah! chlas `a moltil"almih o!  mh`h !ias"o `atamth`o. N Asamiimh! cos alo<$as h $ticih!  h!h ac hl'cisis `a mh`h !ias"o.

5$!hlta ch "astil `a !ias"os sa `ata!nilh!'l to`os cos !ias"os <$a a(isthl h!h ac !o:amto. ]a il`imh ch !obhbici`h` `a om$!!almih al o!malth*a : ac inhmto <$a tal`!-h mh`h $lo al ac sistanh. ]a il`imh!' ac !asolshbca `a asths hmti+i`h`asJ `a <$1 nhla!h sa +hl h !ahcih!J chs hmti+i`h`as <$a sa lamasithl h!h !ahcih! $l hl'cisis `a cos !ias"os !o$astos : alt!a"h! chlas `a moltil"almih h!h mh`h $lo `a cos !ias"os. Ac chl `a !ias"os sa a*am$th `as`a ac ilimio `a ch hsa `a hl'cisis `ac !o:amtoJ :h <$a cos !ias"os $a`al om$!!i! al m$hc<$ia!h `a chs hsas osta!io!asJ ac chl molsista al `ata!nilh! cos !ias"os <$a sa $a`al "ala!h!J `ash!!occh! chlas `a niti"hmil : moltil"almihJ : `ata!nilh! `a <$1 nhla!h sa!' t!hth`o. ?$a"o `a `ata!nilh! chs hmti+i`h`as : cos !ocas !asamto h cos !ias"osJ sa hla(hl chs chlticchs mol ch !ahcihmil `a asths hmti+i`h`as.

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Zh!h mh`h !ias"o sa `ash!!occh!'l chs si"$ialtas hmti+i`h`as/ N Ast!hta"ih ,ala!hc/ ]a `ata!nilh $lh ast!hta"ih <$a sa $ticih!' al ac mhso `a ch om$!!almih `a $lo o n's !ias"os `$!hlta ac `ash!!occo `ac sistanh. N Zhsos Asam-imos/ ]a cca+hl h mhbo `ata!nilh`os hsos h sa"$i! h!h hno!ti"$h! ac !ias"o al mhso `a om$!!almih. N 0hmto!as h ]$a!+ish!/ ]a nhltialal cos ilo!nas sob!a mh`h hmto! <$a $a`h "ala!h! $l !ias"o h!h ac sistanh. N Alo<$a `a ]$a!+isil/ ]a nhltialal al a!nhlalta s$a!+isil cos hmto!as <$aJ al ac nonalto <$a sahl a*am$th`osJ sah osibca `atamth!  a!!o!as h tiano : o`a! soc$miolh!cos `a o!nh ilna`ihth. N Zchl `a Moltil"almih/ ]a m!ah $l chl h!h shba! mno hmt$h! al ac mhso <$a $l `ata!nilh`o !ias"o %h:h om$!!i`oJ : sa"@l ac "!h`o `a sa+a!i`h` sa tonhl chs na`i`hs mo!!asol`ialtas. N Molsi`a!hmiolas Asamihcas/ ]a tal`!'l mia!ths molsi`a!hmiolas h!h !a+ali! al s$ nh:o! na`i`h cos !ias"os <$a incimh ac ca+hlthnialto `ac sistanh. ?h !obhbici`h` `ac !ias"o sa `h na`ihlta ch !am$almih `a a(osimil hc !ias"oJ s$nh`o h ch "!h+a`h` al ac mhso `a <$a om$!!iasa. Al m$hlto hc l@na!o `a !io!i`h` `ac !ias"o 9LZR4J sa `i+i`a al & "!$os h!h mon!al`a! <$a thl !aol`a!hlta as/

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Lamasi`h` `a il+a!sil `a tiano 2!

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0hcth `a mon$limhmil alt!a ac A<$io `a 5ash!!occo. 5isao `a ch ilta!h ilh`am$h`o.

A<$io `a 2) 5ash!!occo

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5ash!!occo `ac Z!o:amto

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al athhs :h !ahcih`hs `ac !o:amto. Lamasi`h` `a il+a!sil `a tiano al athhs :h !ahcih`hs `ac !o:amto. 0hcth `a mon$limhmil alt!a ac A<$io `a 5ash!!occo. Ilta!h mol !a`$l`hlmihJ omo ilt$iti+hJ ilo!nhmil asmhshJ atm. 0hcth `a tiano al chs !$abhs o omh mhlti`h` `a !$abhsJ co <$a si"liimh!-h A!!o!as al +h!ihbcasJ ilo!nhmil a!!lah : ot!os. ?os nianb!os `ac A<$io `a 5ash!!occo tialal omo molominialto al ac cal"$h*a `a !o"!hnhmil ZFZ. Ac a<$io `a `ash!!occo `ata!nilh cos !a<$a!inialtos al mol*$lto mol ac mcialta. Zo! co thltoJ sa `aba tala!   asamihc m$i`h`o mol cos mhnbios `a astos.

22

 2..2 Ast!hta"ih `a niti"hmil : chl `a moltil"almih 7a`ihlta ch si"$ialta thbch sa a+hc$h!' ac molt!oc `a cos `ia!altas !ia"os il+oc$m!h`os al asta !o:amto

Lonb!a Rias"o/ Ra+isiolas `a Mhci`h` Ilh`am$h`hs L@na!o Rias"o/ 8 Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

Rahcih! !$abhs `a mhci`h` `a o!nh N Rahcih! hmti+i`h`as `a mhci`h` "!h`$hc : molm!athJ hsa"$!'l`osa `a sa"@l am%hs asthbcami`hs. !ahcih! ac sa"$inialto `a chliimhmil N Rahcih! !$abhs `a hm$a!`o hc chl `a !$abhs asthbcami`o. `ac sistanh. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Ra+isil `a Mhci`h`.

7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

Ra+ish! `a o!nh iltalsi+h ac $lmiolhnialto `ac sistanhJ `a o!nh `a o`a! almolt!h! ch nh:o! mhlti`h` `a a!!o!as o otalmihcas !ias"os h!h ac mo!!amto t!hbh*o `ac sistanh. Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N A*am$th! athhs `a mhci`h` thlths Lo. +amas mono sah lamash!io. 7olito!ah! hmti+hnalta asth th!ah.

Lonb!a Rias"o/ Rat!hsos al chs am%hs `a P1!nilos : Alt!a"h. L@na!o Rias"o/ 2 Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

]a !ahcihl !a+isiolas `a o!nh N ]a asthbcamal tianos `a alt!a"h molsthlta h!h `ata!nilh! ac h+hlma o! mh`h th!ah h `ash!!occh!  N ]a !ahcihl !a+isiolas h chs th!ahs `a chs athhs al `ash!!occo. !ahcih`hs. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

?hs am%hs `abal m$nci!sa : mh`h ]a !ahcihl sa"$inialtos na`ihlta th!ah `aba sa! alt!a"h`h : ilhcih`h m%am;cistJ sob!a cos h+hlmas `ac al ac cho asthbcami`o. !o:amto. 27

7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N ]a !a`$mal :3o sa onital th!ahs N ?h l$a+h chliimhmil nalo!as h!h oto!"h!ca nh:o!  a+alt$hcnalta tal`!' mhnbiosJ !io!i`h` h chs th!ahs !at!hsh`hs hc"$los sa!'l `!'stimos : sa `aba mol nh:o!as !io!i`h`as. molth! mol ac !ias"o `a N ]a hm$a!`hl l$a+os chos al molsam$almihs mhthst!imhs. mol*$lto mol ac a<$io `a `ash!!occo.

Lonb!a Rias"o/ 0hcth `a mon$limhmil alt!a ac A<$io `a 5ash!!occo. L@na!o Rias"o/  Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

7hltala! molsthlta mon$limhmil N ]a hm$a!`hl !a$liolas mol ac `alt!o `ac a<$io `a `ash!!occoJ a<$io `a `ash!!occo h!h `a*h!  na`ihlta !a`as somihcasJ P!accoJ mo!!ao mch!h ch ino!thlmih `a ch acamt!limo : ot!os. mon$limhmilJ !asoc+a! `$`hs : co"!h! obtala! $lh molihlh h!h t!hbh*h! al a<$io : hsa"$!h! ac b$al $lmiolhnialto `ac nisno. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

Ra$liolas : mon$limhmiolas ]a `aba nhltala! ch mon$limhmil a!i`imhs mol to`o ac a<$io `a a!i`imhJ `a o!nh `a <$a si $l `ash!!occo. nianb!o tiala hc"@l noti+o `a $a!h nh:o! h!h mon$limh!sa mol ac a<$ioJ sa `aba nhltala! hc thlto `a ch sit$hmil : a+ith! `a*h! hc nianb!o `asilo!nh`o. 7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N Al ac mhso `a <$a $a!h inosibca N ]a `abal molsa!+h! chs b$alhs molthmth! h $lo o n's nianb!os !achmiolas alt!a cos nianb!os `ac `ac a<$io `a `ash!!occoJ sa `abal a<$io `a `ash!!occo. !ahcih! molthmtos mol hnicih!as `a 1sta h!h cca"h! h $l hm$a!`o al mol*$lto mol ac a<$ioJ si ac nianb!o moltil$h!' a*a!mial`o s$s $lmiolas o si as `as+ilm$ch`o `ac "!$o. 2/

Lonb!a Rias"o/ 5isao `a ch ilta!h ilh`am$h`o. L@na!o Rias"o/ & Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

 Hsa"$!h! ac mo!!amto $lmiolhnialto N ]a !ahcihl nil$ths `a !a$lil <$a `ac sistanh. moltal`!'l ch ilo!nhmil `a o!nh =hci`h! cos !a<$a!inialtos ilimihcas `a mch!h : !amish hma!mh `ac `isao `a o!nh `a a+ith! mhnbios `$!hlta ac ch ilta!h. `ash!!occo `ac sistanh. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

5isao `a ch ilta!h. Po`os cos tanhs !o$astos al Ramo!`h! <$a ch ilta!h `aba sa!  !a$liolas !asamto h ch ilta!h `abal sincaJ hni"hbca a ilt$iti+h. sa! mo!!amthnalta `aili`os. 7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N Ra$liolas h!h hlhcih! ac $so : ac N M$nci! mol cos !a<$isitos : `isao `a chs ilta!hmas o! h!ta asamiimhmiolasJ tali1l`oco al `a cos $s$h!ios. Rahcih! cos m$alth hc nonalto `a !ahcih! cos mhnbios a!tilaltas. mhnbios.

Lonb!a Rias"o/ 0hcth `a Z!$abhs. L@na!o Rias"o/ ) Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

Asthbcama! tiano `a `ash!!occo `a N Qso `a m!olo"!hnh. mh`h !$abhJ chs <$a `abal sa"$i! $l N Asthbcama! am%hs. o!`al `$!hlta ch chliimhmil `ac !o:amto. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

Zchliimhmil `a !$abhs

Rahcih! chs !$abhs lamash!ihs.

7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

21

N Rahcih! !a+isiolas `a cos chlas `a !$abhs hltas `a sa!   a*am$th`os. Lonb!a Rias"o/ 5isao `a ch Bhsa `a 5htos ilh`am$h`o. L@na!o Rias"o/ 6 Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

Z!aom$h!sa `a <$a ac `isao `a ch N ?a+hlthnialto `a !a<$a!inialtos bhsa `a `htos sah ac h!oih`o h!h mch!o : mol ob*ati+os asam-imos. a+ith! a!!o!as al athhs n's h+hlh`hs `ac !o:amto. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

Ra+ish! ch h`nilist!hmil `a ch bhsa `a Zola! al nh!m%h ac sistanh `a o!nh `htos `a o!nh a!i`imh. `a <$a m$hc<$ia! a!!o! o a(mamil <$a h$lta mono !asolshbca h ch bhsa `a `htosJ sah mo!!a"i`o `a o!nh ilna`ihth. 7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N ]a m!ah mol hlta!io!i`h` ac N 7hla*h! `a ch na*o! o!nh osibca `om$nalto `a `isao `a ch bhsa `a chs bhsas `a `htos h li+ac `a `htos. ]a +a!iimh `l`a ast' ac a<$io. !obcanhJ : al mhso `a lo sa!  almolt!h`o sa !atiala to`o ac sistanh nialt!hs ac a<$io `a `ash!!occo m!ah $lh l$a+h bhsa `a `htos h!h molamth!ch : hmt$hcih!ch. Lonb!a Rias"o/ Bh*o `onilio `ac cal"$h*a `a Z!o"!hnhmil ZFZ. L@na!o Rias"o/ > Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

]a hlhcih ac molominialto `a mh`h N ]a `ata!nilhl chs athhs `a nianb!o `ac a<$io `a `ash!!occo. `ash!!occo `a o!nh mch!h h!h ]a m$alth mol cos nhl$hcasJ t$to!ihcas a+ith! a!!o!as al ch chliimhmil. : %a!!hnialths lamash!ihs h!h hsa"$!h! ac b$al $lmiolhnialto : ch mo!!amth mo`iimhmil `ac sistanh. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

2"

Mo`iimhmil mo!!amth `ac sistanh.

7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

]a `ata!nilh ac b$al $lmiolhnialto : ch mo!!amth mo`iimhmil `ac sistanh na`ihlta $l alo<$a t1mlimo. Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N ]a !ahcihl mols$cths mol a(a!tos N 5isola! `a cos nhl$hcas al ac '!ah. lamash!ios : `a $l a!solhc N ]a obtialal !as$asths na`ihlta ch a(ta!lo h`am$h`o h!h !asoc+a! chs bibcio"!h-h !aa!alta hc cal"$h*a `a il<$iat$`as. !o"!hnhmil ZFZ. Lonb!a Rias"o/ Mhnbios `a Ra<$a!inialtos o! h!ta `ac mcialta. L@na!o Rias"o/  Astrhtaih 7alarhc

2hsos Aspamî:imos

Ra$liolas alt!a ac a<$io `a N Ra$liolas mol ac mcialtaJ o! na`io `ash!!occo h!h hsa"$!h!sa `a <$a cos `a molt!htos : mo!!ao acamt!limo. !a<$a!inialtos ast1l sial`o m$nci`os N ?h ilo!nhmil as alt!a"h`h `a o!nh mch!h : !amish. mo!!amthnalta. ]a asthbcamal `om$naltos <$a N ]a nhltiala molthmto mol ac mcialta h!h <$a $a`h h!amih! cos moltialal ch h!obhmil thlto `a cos h+hlmas : ac m$ncinialto `a cos nianb!os `ac a<$io mono `ac mcialta. !a<$a!inialtos. ]upar/isiýl 6hmtoras h ]upar/ishr

 Hm$a!`os !ahcih`os al !a$liolas. 7astiýl 2chl `a Moltilalmih

Al:o&ua `a ]upar/isiýl

?os nianb!os `ac a<$io `abal m$nci! mol cos !a<$a!inialtos. Molsi`arhmiolas Aspamihcas

N ]a chltah <$a h!h !ahcih!   N ]a `aba nhltala! !a"ist!o `a mhnbios sa `aba a(tal`a! thlto ac !a$liolas. tiano `a alt!a"h `ac !o:amto N ]a chltahl '!ahs hamth`hs mol ac mhnbio `a !a<$a!inialtos. moncatoJ mono `a mh`h hsa `a alt!a"h `a cos ilm!analtos. Asto hamth h to`hs chs am%hs : sa `aba m!ah! $lh l$a+h Mh!"h ,hltt.

 2.. Molmc$sil Zchl `a Rias"os ]a `aba m!ah! $l chl `a molt!oc `a Rias"os `a o!nh !a+alti+hJ h!h mh`h $lo `a cos !ias"os `asm!itos hlta!io!nalta. ]a m!ah!ol chlas `a niti"hmil h!h mh`h !ias"oJ mol cos <$a sa b$smh bh*h! ac o!malth*a `a !obhbici`h` `a om$!!almih. 20

Phnbi1l sa m!ah!ol chlas `a moltil"almih o! mh`h !ias"o mol ac il `a shba!  <$1 %hma! al ac mhso `a <$a ac !ias"o om$!!ia!h. 5a asth nhla!h sa a*am$th ch soc$mil n's h`am$h`h h!h mh`h sit$hmil : hs- niti"h!J o hc nalos bh*h! ac li+ac `a inhmto <$a $`ia!h tala! sob!a ac !o:amto. ]ian!a sa `aba tala! $l chl `a moltil"almih hc nonalto `a `ash!!occo `a !o:amtosJ :h <$aJ si cos !ias"os cca"hl h om$!!i!J soco sa!' @tic shba! mno hmt$h!  al cos mhsos m!-timos. 5a asth o!nh sa niti"hl cos !obcanhs <$a $a`h tala! ac !o:amto `$!hlta ac `ash!!occoJ o al ac na*o! `a cos mhsosJ sa nilinihl h "!hl asmhch.

2

2..& 0hmto!as m!-timos `a 1(ito Altra cos :hmtoras mrîtimos &ua `asthmhl al ac pro-amto sol4



     

Ast'l mch!hnalta asthbcami`os ac +hco! : cos balaimios `a la"omio 9h$nalto `a il"!asosJ !a`$mmil `a mostosJ atm.4 <$a sa obtialal hc !ahcih!co. ]a asthbcamal mch!hnalta cos ob*ati+osJ !as$cth`os : !o`$mtos <$a %h: <$a obtala!. ]a asthbcamal mch!hnalta ac hcmhlma : cinithmiolas `ac t!hbh*o. ]a !ahcihlJ molt!ochl : hmt$hcihl chlas `athcch`osJ al cos m$hcas cos %itos : hmti+i`h`as hh!amal bial asamiimh`os al ac tiano. ]a asm$m%hl a ilta!!athl chs a(amthti+hs `a to`os cos $s$h!ios : h!tas il+oc$m!h`hs : sa chliimhl : "astiolhl h`am$h`hnalta. ]a hsi"lhl cos !am$!sos h`am$h`osJ mol chs %hbici`h`as lamash!ihsJ thlto t1mlimo mono `a "astil `a !o:amtos. ]a nolito!ihJ a+hc@h : sa obtiala !at!ohcinalthmil h co ch!"o `a to`h ch a*am$mil `ac !o:amto.

?os & 0hmto!as `a 1(itos al ac !o:amto sa `athcchl h moltil$hmil al ch si"$ialta Zi!'ni`a.

25

0i"$!h 8.2/ (ito

2.& Z!o:amto Z!o$asto Ac sistanh a!niti!' h cos mcialtas !ahcih! s$s a`i`os `a s$s%i `a o!nh olcilaJ `ol`a tal`!' ch hmici`h` `a hmma`a! h $l nal@ <$a ca o!ama!' chs +h!ia`h`as `a s$s%i `isolibcas. Phnbi1l o`!' !ahcih! ac h"o `a o!nh olcilaJ mol `istilths omiolas h"oJ chs n's mon$las =I]HJ 7hsta!Mh!`J alt!a ot!hs. Ac sistanh ilmc$i!' ac %o!h!io `a htalmil al ch '"ilh !ilmihc nost!h!' si ast' $lmiolhl`o hc"@l `-h il%'bicJ `-hs a!ih`os o hc"$lh am%h asam-imh al ch <$a `abh a!nhlama! ma!!h`h. 5a asth nhla!hJ lo sa !ahcih!'l `ashm%os %hsth ac !(ino `-h `a $lmiolhnialto. 5a m$hc<$ia! o!nhJ sa!' osibca !o"!hnh! $lh alt!a"h m$hl`o ac comhc +$ac+h h asth! htal`ial`o.

7

2.&.8 ]it$hmil Hmt$hc

0i"$!h 8./ 5ih"!hnh BZ7LJ ]it$hmil Hmt$hc.

7!

2.&.2 ]oc$mil Z!o$asth

0i"$!h 8.&/ 5ih"!hnh BZ7LJ ]oc$mil Z!o$asth.

72

2.) 7ato`oco"-h <$a sa $ticih!'  2.).8 7o`aco `a 5ash!!occo ?o`aco Ilmranalthc Ac no`aco ilm!analthc s$!"i mono $lh o!nh `a !a`$mi! ch !aatimil `ac t!hbh*o al ac !omaso `a `ash!!occo : `h! oo!t$li`h` `a !at!hsh! ch tonh `a `amisiolas al cos !a<$isitos %hsth h`<$i!i! a(a!ialmih mol ac sistanh.

 2.).2 ]acammil `ac 7o`aco ?h !hl o! ch <$a as $ticih`o ac no`aco Ilm!analthc sa a(cimh `athcch`hnalta h moltil$hmil/ Ac sistanh <$a sa `ash!!occh!' h!h ch An!ash RhilBo# ]$s%i moltanch `ia!altas n`$cos <$a ast'l hsi"lh`os h!h mh`h $s$h!io <$a ca mo!!asol`h al ac n`$co `a h`nilist!hmil/ +is$hcihmil `a `athcca `ac a`i`o : c$"h! `a alt!a"hJ mhnbih! asth`o `ac !o`$mto sa `h o! alt!a"h`o o hl$ch`o ac a`i`oJ "astil `a !o`$mtosJ "astil `a mcialtasJ Asth`-stimhs `a na*o! mcialta : !o`$mto n's +al`i`oJ atm. ]i sa ca alt!a"h hc mcialta $l !o`$mto ilm!analthc sa o`!' h ch +a ola! h !$abh ac $so <$a sa ca `1J : al ac mhso `a <$a $a!h lamash!ioJ sa h`am@h molo!na h chs lamasi`h`as <$a s$!*hl al ac $so `ac nisno : ac sistanh sa na*o!h : sa h`hth h chs lamasi`h`as `ac $s$h!io ilhc.

 2.). Fa!!hnialth `a soo!ta h!h ac `ash!!occo P1mlimhs `a mon$limhmil/ Zh!h asta $lto sa $ticih ac KB!hilsto!nil"CJ n's molomi`o mono to!nalth `a i`ahs. ]a $ticih asta n1to`o `$!hlta $lh o +h!ihs !a$liolas mol ac mcialta. 5a asth nhla!h sa $a`al "ala!h! i`ahs mch!hs h!h <$a ac mcialta sah m$'c sa!' ac no`aco ilhc `ac !o:amtoJ h`an's `a hmch!h! chs `$`hs o molcimtos <$a %h:hl <$a`h`o al *$imio. P1mlimhs `a Hsa"$!hnialto `a Mhci`h`/ Ac !o:amto ast' `i!i"i`o h $l sistanh #ab mhh `a obtala! chs atimiolas `a mh`h mcialta : al+ih!chs h $lh bhsa `a `htos. H`an'sJ sa `aba tala! al m$alth `a <$a ac mcialta $a`a thnbi1l !ahcih! ac h"o `a s$ a`i`o. Zo! co thltoJ sa `aba hsa"$!h!  <$a ac sistanh tal"h cos si"$ialtas hmto!as `a hsa"$!hnialto `a mhci`h`/ 



77

➢

➢

➢

➢

➢

➢

➢

5aba sa! molihbcaJ as `ami! <$a sah molsistalta mol chs asamiimhmiolasJ !ob$sto : <$a sah mhh `a asth! oa!hti+o ac nh:o! tiano osibca. 0'mic `a $sh!/ ac "!h`o `a aamti+i`h` alt!a ilta!hmmil `ac sistanh : cos $s$h!ios. ]a"$!o/ 5aba a!niti! s$ $so h <$ialas ca"-tinhnalta tialal h$to!ihmil h!h $sh!co. 0$lmiolhc/ ?os !a<$isitos `abal sa! cos asamiimh`os mol hlta!io!i`h`J sil a(masos li `aamtos. Aimialta/ 5aba sa! mhh `a !asol`a! chs socimit$`as $shl`o ch nalo! mhlti`h` osibca `a !am$!sos `a %h!`#h!a. Ilta!oa!hbca/ 5aba sa! mhh `a mon$limh!sa mol ot!hs hcimhmiolas o sa!+imios al c-lah. Zo! a*anco/ ?os na`ios `a h"o <$a sa $ticih!'lJ hbh!mh!hl ot!os sistanhs <$a `abal o`a!  mon$limh!sa alt!a astos : ac sistanh h molst!$i!.  H`hthbca/ 5aba sa! 'mic `a h`hth! h mhnbios `a asamiimhmil.

P1mlimhs `a Molt!oc `a Mhnbios/ ]a shba <$a ac molt!oc `a mhnbios as +ithc al ac `ash!!occo `a $l sistanh. Zh!h $ticih! asth t1mlimh !ina!o sa i`altiimhl cos mhnbios <$a sa !ahcihl al mh`h $lto `ac sistanhJ sa o!"hlihl : sa molt!ochl to`hs chs no`iimhmiolas <$a s$!hJ `a o!nh <$a o`hnos nh(inih! ch !o`$mti+i`h` : nilinih! cos a!!o!as. Ac !osito sa!' nhltala! $l !ashc`o `a cos mhnbios o! si as lamash!io !a+a!ti!  hc"$lo `a accosJ :h sah o! $l a!!o! o o!<$a sa `abh %hbicith! hc"$lh l$a+h mhhmi`h`. 

Zh!h to`o co hlta!io!J sa m$alth thlto mol `om$naltos <$a h:$`al h !ashc`h! ac h+hlma `ac `ash!!occoJ hs- mono thnbi1l `om$naltos `a M%am;?ist <$a a!nital `ata!nilh! m$'cas hmto!as ast'l al`ialtas `a !a+isil `$!hlta ac ca+hlthnialto `ac !o:amto.

7/

2.6 Zchliimhmil `ac Z!o:amto  2.6.8 Mh!th ,hltt. 9Hla(os4

71

0i"$!h 8.)/ Mh!th ,hltt.

7"

2.6.2 Zchliimhmil al A5P.

0i"$!h 8.6/ Zchliimhmil A5PJ Ilm!analto 8.

70

0i"$!h 8.6.8/ Zchliimhmil A5PJ Ilm!analto 2.

7

0i"$!h 8.6.2/ Zchliimhmil A5PJ Ilm!analto .

75

 2.6. 7hcch Za!t Hmti/i`h`as Hmti/i`h` H B M + A 6

+asmripmiýl

2ra`amasor

+urhmiýl

Ponh `a !a<$a!inialtos 0hsa Hl'cisis 7o`$co 8 0hsa Hl'cisis 7o`$co H 0hsa `a 5isao 0hsa `a Mo`iimhmil 0hsa `a Z!$abhs

D H H BJM 5 A

2 ]A7HLH] 2 ]A7HLH]  ]A7HLH] & ]A7HLH] 6 ]A7HLH] & ]A7HLH]

Ra` `a Hmti/i`h`as 

B ; 

Ilimio

$

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@

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A

+ +il

;

# 0i"$!h 8.>/ Ra` `a Hmti+i`h`as

2osibcas Ruths4 J

Ilimio J H  B  +  A  6 J 6il

J

Ilimio J H  M  +  A  6 J 6il

ocurh

5as$1s `a %hba! mhcm$ch`o cos m$ht!o tianos `a mh`h hmti+i`h`J sa !oma`i h mhcm$ch! ch %oc"$!h. ?h %oc"$!h as ac tiano <$a sa $a`a ht!hsh! $lh hmti+i`h` sil hamth! ch `$!hmil tothc `ac !o:amto.

/

0i"$!h 8./ Foc"$!h

Ruth Mrîtimh

?h R$th M!-timh sa alm$alt!h mono h<$acch !$th h!h ch m$hc to`hs s$s hmti+i`h`as tialal $lh %oc"$!h i"$hc h ma!o. ?h !$th m!-timh mo!!asol`a al asta mhso h/ J

Ilimio D H  M  5  A  0 D 0il

 2.6.& UB] 9Uo!; B!ah;`o#l ]t!$t$!a4 :3o A5P +asmonposimiýl ar8r&uimh

8. Z!o:amto `a ]istanh Uab 8.8. 0hsa `a Hl'cisis 8.8.8. Asamiimhmil 0$lmiolhc 8.8.2. Ra<$a!inialtos 0$lmiolhcas 8.8.. Ra<$a!inialtos Lo 0$lmiolhcas 8.2. 0hsa `a 5isao 8.2.8. Asamiimhmil `a 5isao 0$lmiolhc 8.2.2. 5isao `a Mhsos `a Z!$abh 8.2.. Zchliimhmil `ac Z!o:amto /!

8.. 0hsa `a Mo`iimhmi Mo`iimhmil l 8..8. 8..8. Z!ah! Z!ah!hmi hmil l `a hnbialt hnbialta a `a `ash!!oc `ash!!occo co 8..2. 8..2. M!ahmi M!ahmil l `a `a Bhsa Bhsa `a 5htos 5htos 8... 8... M!ahmi M!ahmil l `a ilta ilta!h !h `a $s$h! $s$h!io io 8.&. 0hsa `a Z!$abhs Z!$abhs 8.&.8. 8.&.8. Z!ah! Z!ah!hmi hmil l `ac hnbia hnbialta lta `a Z!$ab Z!$abhs hs 8.&.2. 8.&.2. Molst! Molst!$mm $mmil il `a `a Zchl Zchl `a Z!$ab Z!$abhs hs 8.&.. 8.&.. A*am$t A*am$th! h! Zchl Zchl `a `a Z!$a Z!$abhs bhs 8.&.&. 8.&.&. ,ala!h ,ala!h!! Rao!t Rao!tas as `a `a !$ab !$abhs hs 8.). Mhhmithmi Mhhmithmil l `ac ]istanh ]istanh 8.).8. 8.).8. ,ala!h ,ala!hmi mil l `a nhl$hc nhl$hcas as `a $s$h! $s$h!io io 8.).2. 8.).2. Mhhmi Mhhmithm thmil il o! o! h!ta `ac `ac Mols$ct Mols$cto!  o!  )isth `a +ascosa

0i"$!h 8.X/ =isth `a 5as"cosa

/2

2.> Zchl `a Inchlthmil `ac Z!o:amto 2.>.8 Zchl `a Oa!hmil `ac ]istanh Ac $s$h!io mcialta h!h il"!ash! hc sitio #ab mono !a<$isitos n-linos `aba tala! $l a<$io mon$thmiolhc :h sah $lh asthmil `a t!hbh*o `a asm!ito!ioJ $l chtoJ $lh thbc thbcat ath h :3o :3o $l ]nh! ]nh!t t%o %ola la mol mol hmmas hmmaso o h ilta ilta!la !latt : o! o! s$$a s$$ast sto o tala! tala! cos cos molominialtos b'simos `a mno nhla*h! ac a<$io sacammiolh`o. Ilmc Ilmc$: $:al al`o `o +i`a +i`aos os t$to t$to!i !ihc hcas as h!h h!h o`a o`a!! alsa alsah h!! mno mno $sh! $sh! ac siti sitio o : hshsh!o+am%h!co hc n'(ino.

2.>.2 Zchl `a Inchlthmil ?h inchlthmil `a asta sistanh as $lo `a cos !omasos n's a(talsos al ac `ash!!occo `ash!!occo `ac !o:amtoJ !o:amtoJ :h <$a chs molst!$mmiolas molst!$mmiolas `a asth hcimhmil hcimhmil #ab a(istal a(istal +h!ihbcas <$a ilc$:al `i!amthnalta al ac !omaso `a ch inchlthmil thcas mono solJ ac cal"$h*a `a !o"!hnhmilJ ac tio `a no`aco `a `ash!!occo h sa"$i!J : ch h!<$itamt$!h `ac sot#h!a. H moltil$hmilJ sa a(cimh!'l `im%os $ltos lonb!h`os. Ac no`aco `a `ash!!occo sa hcimh al ch inchlthmil `ac no`aco ilm!analthcJ :h <$a al s$s +alth*hs asta no`aco !a`$ma ac tiano `a `ash!!occo ilimihcJ `abi`o h <$a incanalth ch $lmiolhci`h` h!mihc. Phnbi1l !o+aa $l inhmto +alth*oso !alta hc mcialtaJ <$a as ch alt!a"h tan!hlh `a h!tas oa!hti+hs `ac sot#h!a. Ac no`aco !oo!miolh to`hs chs +alth*hs `ac no`aco al Mhsmh`h !ahcinalth`oJ !a`$mial`o s$s `as+alth*hs sco hc 'nbito `a mh`h ilm!analto. Ras$cth n's salmicco hmono`h! mhnbios hc hmo!th! ac thnho `a cos ilm!analtos. Ac sistanh Rhilbo# ]$s%i Za`i`os Olcila sa molst!$:a bh*o ch chtho!nh `a !o"!hnhmil ZFZ mol $lmiolas h+h]m!itJ Asth 0$lmil sa $ticih!' h!h al+ih!  nalsh*as `a a!!o!as o +hci`h! mhnos <$a $a`hl sa! l$cos o `a il"!aso `a mh!'mta! lo l$n1!imo al mhnos <$a o! ca: `aba sa! $l l@na!o. Ac a<$io `a t!hbh*o `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i tiala ch !asolshbici`h` `a alt!a"h! hc mcia mc ialt lta a $l si sist stan anh h #a #ab b $ $lm lmio iolh lhcc al co coss si sist stan anhs hs o oa! a!ht hti+ i+os os lo lonb nb!h !h`o `oss hlta!io!naltaJ h`an's `a hmicith! +i`aos t$to!ihcas hma!mh `ac $so h!h cca+h! h mhbo $l tino nhla*o o! h!ta `ac oa!h`o! `a ch hcimhmil. .

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 2.>. Zchl `a 7hltalmil Ac a<$io `a Ast$`ihltas `a 5QOM QM h mh!"o `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i Za`i`os Olcila sa mon!onata h !oo!miolh! soo!ta t1mlimo <$a mo!!asol`a h  nasasJ `as$1s `a ch alt!a"h `a ch inchlthmil al ac o!thc `ac sitio #ab `a ch An!ash. Ac soo!ta t1mlimo molsista al/ 

Hsistalmih Hsistal mih t@mlimh/ ]i ac mcialta !asalth $l !obcanh o hcch mol ac



sistanhJ `aba mon$limh!sa na`ihlta $l mo!!ao acamt!limo o $l cchnh`o tacalimo mol ch `asm!imil `ac !obcanhJ ac m$hc sa!' !as$acto co hltas osibca o! cos m!ah`o!as `a ch hcimhmil. Lua/hs /arsiol /arsiolas as / 7a 7a`i `ihlt hlta a hs hsa a ac titian ano o sa i! i!'l 'l m!a m!ahl hl`o `o l$ l$a+h a+hss +a!s +a !sio iola lass `a ch ' '"i "ilh lh #a #ab b as asth thss hm hmtt$h $hcicihm hmio iola lass sa !a !ach chmi miol olhl hl `i!amthnalta mol ac `isao `a ch ilta!h `a ch hcimhmilJ :h <$a h!h cos mcialtas as mno`o ch hh!ialmih : ac 'mic nhla*o `ac sistanh `a a`i`os.

//

Mhpîtuco III

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.8 5asm!imil `a Po`os cos Ra<$a!inialtos .8.8 Ra<$isitos 0$lmiolhcas Ra"ist!h! Mcialta/ Ac mcialta `aba il"!ash! s$s `htos a!solhcas : `i!ammil `a al+-oJ asta mcialta `aba sa! mhh `a ccalh! to`os cos `htos o `a co molt!h!io ac sistanh h$ton'timhnalta sa `i!ammiolh!' hc mhno `a ta(to <$a sa ca socimith il"!ash! ac `hto. =a!iimh! $s$h!io A(istalta/ Qlh +a !a"ist!h`o ac mcialta hc nonalto `a co"$ah! ac sistanh h$ton'timhnalta `aba il`h"h! ch bhsa `a `htos : +a!iimh! si ac $s$h!io !ahcnalta a(ista. Al mhso <$a oc+i`a s$ mch+a sa !a `i!ammiolh!' $l cil; h!h ilt!o`$mi! s$ mo!!ao : $a`h !asthbcama!  `as`a hcc- ch molt!hsah. ]acammiolh! Z!o`$mtos/ ]a 5aba sacammiolh! cos !o`$mtos <$a sa `asaal mon!h! : a!niti!  <$a astos sa hh`hl h $l mh!!ito `a mon!hsJ mh`h !o`$mto sa sacammiolh o! ch mhlti`h` <$a `asah : asto sa ca s$nh ac !amio `a mh`h !o`$mto o mhlti`h` `asah`h. A*am$th! P!hlshmmil/ Ac Mcialta <$a mon!h olcila `aba tala! $lh m$alth mo!!ialta o th!*ath `a m!1`itos =ish 7hsta!Mh!`J h asta mcialta ac mob!o sa !achmiolh a(mc$si+hnalta mol s$ th!*athJ : ac mon!obhlta o`!' +a!co `a nhla!h olcila al ac o!thc `a m$alths `a s$ th!*ath bhlmh!ih. Ra `i!ammiolhnialto UabZh:/  Asta ]istanh `aba !a `i!ammiolh! $lh '"ilh UabZh: ac h"o `aba sa! +'ci`oJ lo soco %hma! $l !a"ist!oJ silo <$a sa %h"h $l `asito bhlmh!io al ch m$alth `a ch an!ashJ `a ch nisnh nhla!h <$a sa %hma ac h"o `a s$m$!shcas +i!t$hcas `a h"$hJ c$J mhbca ilta!lat : tac1oloJ atm. Qlh +a ac a`i`o asta hl$ch`o o! na`io `a +hmih! ac mh!!ito ac mcialta o`!' +oc+a! h sacammiolh! !o`$mtos `a s$ !aa!almih Molt!hsah Alm!ith`o/

/"

?h molt!hsah o! noti+os `a sa"$!i`h` asth!' alm!ith`h h!h ac a!ic `ac h`nilist!h`o!J :h <$a as $l n1to`o sa"$!o h!h ch a!amth h`nilist!hmil `ac sistanhJ :h <$a si $lh a!solh a(ta!lh hc h`nilist!h`o! tiala hmmaso $a`a omhsiolh! `hos al ch ilo!nhmil `ac mcialtaJ `a cos !o`$mtosJ : cos a`i`os h alt!a"h!. Mhnbih! asth`o `a Alt!a"hs/ Qlh +a <$a ac !o`$mto sa alt!a"h hc mcialtaJ sa `aba mhnbih! ac asth`o h KAlt!a"h`oC si ac mcialta hmat ac !o`$mto. Al ac mhso `a <$a lo hmat1 ch !amamil `ac a`i`oJ <$a ac mcialta sa alm$alt!a h$saltaJ o <$a ch `i!ammil sah ilmo!!amthJ sa `aba mhnbih! ac asth`o h KHl$ch`oC. 7ialt!hs thltoJ ac asth`o sa nhltal`!' mono KZal`ialta C. ,astil `a !o`$mtos/ ]a `asca"h!' $lh cisth `a to`os cos !o`$mtos !a"ist!h`os al ch bhsa `a `htos. Asta n`$co molsista al hmt$hcih! ac !amio : ac stom;J h`an's `a h"!a"h! $l l$a+o !o`$mto hc n`$co `ac mcialta mol s$s !asamti+os `htos : s$ !asamti+h inh"al !aa!almihc. ,astil `a Mcialtas Ac h`nilist!h`o! as ac almh!"h`o `a moli"$!h! ch m$alth `ac mcialtaJ si ac mcialta lo !am$a!`h s$ molt!hsah o `asah mhnbih!ch `aba molthmth!sa mol ac h`nilist!h`o! o! na`io `ac -tan molthmto `a ch '"ilhJ al asta n`$co sa !ahcihl to`o tio `a no`iimhmiolas !achmiolh`hs mol ac mcialta

 .8.2 Ra<$isitos Lo 0$lmiolhcas Ra<$isitos `a Ral`inialto/ N Ac sistanh `aba!' tala! $lh !as$asth n'(inh `a & sa"$l`os al mh`h t!hlshmmil <$a !ahcima ac $s$h!ioJ nialt!hs ch molamti+i`h` h ilta!lat `ac $s$h!io sah asthbcaJ asto sa!' loto!io h!h ac nisno. N Ac sistanh `aba!' soo!th!J al $lh !ina!h ilsthlmihJ $lh mola(il sin$ct'lah `a %hsth GG $s$h!ios al c-lahJ cos m$hcas sa i!'l hncihl`o `a hm$a!`o h chs !am$almihs `a hmmaso <$a sa tal"hl. Ra<$isitos `a ]a"$!i`h`/ N Po`hs chs hmmiolas !ahcih`hs o! mh`h $s$h!io sa!'l !a"ist!h`hs : h!m%i+h`hs na`ihlta ac $so `a im%a!os Kco"C `a hmti+i`h`as. N ]a!' soco ac H`nilist!h`o! <$ial tal`!' hmmaso h il`imh! al ac sistanh ac stom; `a s$s%iJ no`iimh! !amios : `an's $lmiolas. /0

N ]oco cos $s$h!ios !a"ist!h`os : h$taltiimh`os tal`!'l `isolibcas chs omiolas `a h"o al c-lah. N ?h bhsa `a `htos `ac sistanh sa nhltal`!' bh*o !ashc`os `a o!nh sanhlhcJ to`os cos `-hs `onil"o h chs G2/GG H7J `-h : %o!h al ch <$a ac sistanh lo sa om$h h!h nh:o! sa"$!i`h`. ?o hlta!io! sa !ahcih!' h!h a+ith! hmmi`altas `a nhla!h o!t$ith o !o+omh`h.  H`an'sJ sa tal`!' ch osibici`h` `a %hma! $l !ashc`o `a nhla!h h$ton'timh si ch omhsil hs- co hna!ith. N Ac sistanh sa!' mhh `a !asol`a! : `atala! m$hc<$ia! tio `a hth<$a mon@l 9:h sah Il:ammil ]? o sinich!as4 : hs- a+ith! ac nhc $so `a ch bhsa `a `htos. Ra<$isitos `a 0ihbici`h`/ N Ac sistanh tal`!' $lh ilta!h "!'imh `a 'mic $so. N ?h ilta!h sa!' h"!h`hbca h ch +isth `ac $s$h!io. N ?h ilta!h sa!' salmicchJ $lmiolhc a ilt$iti+h h!h ac $so `a to`os cos $s$h!ios. N Ac nhc $so `ac sistanh o! h!ta `ac $s$h!ioJ :h sah a!!o!as `a il"!aso `a `htosJ a!!o!as `a mols$cthsJ atm.4 sa!'l t!hth`os na`ihlta +hci`hmiolas : nhla*o `a a(mamiolas o! m`i"o. Zo! co thltoJ tal`!' toca!hlmih h hccos. Ra<$isitos `a 5isolibici`h`/ N ?h `isolibici`h` `ac sistanh `aba sa! `$!hlta chs 2& %o!hs `ac `-hJ cos > `-hs `a ch sanhlh. ]a `aba tala! al m$alth <$a ac 5hthMalta!  <$a sa $ticih!' hsa"$!h ch `isolibici`h` `ac sistanh al $l XX.XX. ?o hlta!io! $a`a +h!ih! `aal`ial`o `ac sa!+imio molt!hth`o. Ra<$isitos `a 7hltalibici`h`/ N Ac sistanh asth!' m!ah`o : bhsh`o al cos cal"$h*as `a !o"!hnhmil ZFZ : FP7?J o! co m$hc as 'micnalta hncihbcaJ :h sah h!h ch m!ahmil `a chs l$a+hs $lmiolas o n`$cosJ o `as%hma! hc"$los n`$cos :h m!ah`osJ co"!hl`o $lh "!hl hmici`h` `a mhnbio. Ra<$isitos `a Zo!thbici`h`/ N Ac sistanh tal`!' ch mhhmi`h` `a h`hthmil al cos `istiltos sa!+i`o!as al cos <$a sa `isol"h. ]il anbh!"oJ sa `aba tala! al m$alth <$a ac hnbialta al ac <$a $a `isah`oJ bh*o cos cal"$h*as ZFZ : FP7?J `abal sa! hmo!`as hc l$a+o hnbialta h!h <$a soo!ta `im%os h!h`i"nhs. ]a o`!' o!th! 'micnalta `as`a $l

/

sa!+i`o! `a Fostil" o ]a!+i`o! `a`imh`oJ nialt!hs sa co"!a soo!th!  to`hs chs %a!!hnialths <$a $sh!' ac m`i"o. Al mhso molt!h!io ac sistanh lo o`!' sa! ni"!h`o. N Ac sistanh sa!' mhh `a h`hth!sa h cos mhnbios `a %h!`#h!a o sot#h!a <$a sa !ahcimal al ac a<$io `ac mcialta. N Ac sistanh sa!' mhh `a sa! !aanchh`o `a o!nh aamti+hJ : sil moncimhmiolas. Ra<$isitos `a Qshbici`h`/ N Ac sistanh sa!' mhh `a sa! altal`i`oJ h!al`i`o : oa!h`o o! ac mcialtaJ `a o!nh !'i`h : aamti+h. Ra<$isitos `a Rah!hbici`h`/ N Ac sistanh soo!th!' !ah!hmiolas o mhnbios al s$ m`i"oJ $ticihl`o !am$!sos : $lh mhlti`h` `a t!hbh*o cinith`h : !holhbca.

 .8. Mhsos `a Qso n's Molt!htos +ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Ilimihr ]asiýl.

0i"$!h 2.G.G/ Mhso `a Qso/ Ilimih! ]asil

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Ilimih! ]asil  H$to! 7h$!imio Maa`h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os ?o"$ah! h $l $s$h!io al ac sistanh h t!h+1s `a lonb!a `a $s$h!io : molt!hsahJ `a asth nhla!h hmma`a hc na`io `a h"o olcila  Hmto! Qs$h!io 9Mcialta4 5asm!imil Ac $s$h!io Il"!ash hc Zo!thc `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i a`i`os

/5

Z!amol`imil 0c$*o lo!nhc `a a+altos

olcilaJ c$a"o sacammiolh $l cil; <$a co !a `i!ammiolh!' hc o!thc h!h +is$hcih! $l co"il. Zosta!io! h asto `aba il"!ash! s$ lonb!a `a $s$h!io : molt!hsahJ : !asiolh!  ac botl KIl"!ash!C. Qlh +a a*am$th`o asta botl sa !a `i!ammiolh hc o!thc mol ch %hbicithmil `a %hma! a`i`o `a o!nh olcila. Ac $s$h!io `aba asth! !a"ist!h`o al ac sistanh h!h o`a!   hmma`a!. 5a co molt!h!io ac sistanh lo ca a!niti!' moltil$h!. Zhso Hmmil 8 Ac $s$h!io moli!nh s$ a`i`o `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i h!h ilimih! sasil 2 Ac ]istanh `aba `asca"h! $l o!n$ch!io `a co"il co m$hc il`imh <$a `aba il"!ash!/ N Qs$h!io N Molt!hsah  & )

Ac Qs$h!io sa co"$a mol cos `htos socimith`os : $csh ac botl KIl"!ash!C Ac sistanh h$taltiimh!' cos `htos il"!ash`os Ac sistanh +a!iimh!h cos `htos il"!ash`os. ]i sol ilmo!!amtos +oc+a!' h a`i! l$a+hnalta ch molt!hsah : sa `aba !alonb!h! ch m$alth `ac $s$h!io.

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Raistro `a usuhrio

1

0i"$!h 2.G.8/ Mhso `a Qso/ Ra"ist!o `a Qs$h!io

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Ra"ist!o `a $s$h!io  H$to! 7h$!imio Maa`h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os Za!niti! h $l $s$h!io !a"ist!h!sa al ac sistanh  Hmto! Qs$h!io 9Mcialta4 5asm!imil Qlh +a <$a ac $s$h!io %h:h il"!ash`o h ch '"ilh !ilmihc `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i hh!ama!' $l -tan `a !a"ist!o `a $s$h!io Qlh +a ilhcih`o ac il"!aso `a `htosJ ac sistanh !a"ist!h!' ch m$alth `ac $s$h!io : o`!' hmma`a! hc sistanh `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i Za`i`os Olcila Z!amol`imil Qs$h!io `aba osaa! $l mo!!ao acamt!limo h!h o`a!   !a"ist!h!sa al ac sistanh. 0c$*o lo!nhc `a a+altos

Zhs o 8

 Hmmil Ac mhso `a $so sa ilimihcih m$hl`o ac $s$h!io sacammiolh ac cil; `a KRa"ist!hsaC

1!

2

Ac sistanh `ascia"h $l o!n$ch!io `a !a"ist!o `ol`a sa ca a`i!'l cos si"$ialtas `htos. N Lonb!a N Anhic N Lonb!a `a $s$h!io N Molt!hsah N 5i!ammil `a al+-o



Ac Qs$h!io il"!ash!' cos `htos socimith`os. Qlh +a il"!ash`os cos `htosJ !asiolh!' ac botl KRa"ist!h!saC Ac ]istanh =hci`h!h cos `htos Il"!ash`os. N ]i cos `htos sol ilmo!!amtosJ +oc+a! hso2 N ]i cos `htos sol mo!!amtosJ ac sistanh !a"ist!h!' $lh l$a+h m$alth `a $s$h!io.

&

Zostmol`imil

) 0il `ac Mhso `a $so. Ac ]istanh Ra"ist!h!h $lh l$a+h m$alth `a $s$h!io

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Hh`ir Mhrrito

12

0i"$!h 2.G.2/ Mhso `a Qso/ Hh`i! Mh!!ito

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Hh`i! Mh!!ito  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os Hh`i! cos !o`$mtos h mon!h! hc mh!!ito `a mon!hs 5asm!imil Ac mcialta il"!ash!' hc sistanh a i!' `i!amthnalta h ch chtho!nh `ol`a sa n$ast!hl cos !o`$mtos al +alth. ]acammiolh!' cos !o`$mtos <$a `asah : h t!h+1s `ac botl KHh`i! hc mh!!itoC o`!' hcnhmalh!cos h!h osta!io!nalta il"!ash! mol s$ m$alth `a $s$h!io : mon!h!cos. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $s$h!io !a"ist!h`o mono mcialta `a ch an!ash. Al mhso molt!h!ioJ `aba !a"ist!h!sa. 0c$*o lo!nhc `a a+altos Zhs  Hmmil o

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Rahci0hr 2a`i`o

17

0i"$!h 2.G./ Mhso `a Qso/ Rahcih! Za`i`o

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Rahcih! Za`i`o  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os Rahcih! $l a`i`o h t!h+1s `ac sistanh 5asm!imil Ac mcialta il"!ash!' hc sitio `a RhilBo# ]$s%i mol s$ $s$h!io : s$ mch+a. Zh!h socimith! $l a`i`o `aba!' i! h s$ omil KRahcih! Za`i`oC. Ac sistanh `asca"h!' ac hsistalta `a socimit$`as al `ol`a sa `aba!' `aili! ac o cos !o`$mtosJ ch mhlti`h` `a mh`h $lo : ac na`io `a h"o. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $s$h!io !a"ist!h`o mono mcialta `a ch an!ash. 0c$*o lo!nhc `a a+altos Zhs  Hmmil o 8 Ac mhso `a $so sa ilimihcih osta!io! hc co"il `ac $s$h!ioJ m$hl`o sa sacammiolh ch omil KRahcih! 

1/

2



&

) 6

Za`i`oC. Ac sistanh `ascia"h $l o!n$ch!io h!h aniti! ch socimit$`J ac m$hc moltiala cos si"$ialtas mhnos/ 8. Lonb!a Z!o`$mto o Z!o`$mtos. 2. Mhlti`h` `a mh`h !o`$mto. . 7a`io `a Zh"o. &. Rahcih! a`i`o. ). ]acammiolh! o!nh `a !amibo `ac a`i`o. 6. ,ala!h! mon!obhlta `a mon!h. ]a il"!ashl cos `htos socimith`os. Qlh +a <$a sa il`imh ac na`io `a h"oJ si to`o ast' al o!`al ac sistanh a!niti!' <$a ac $s$h!io !ahcima ac a`i`o : o`!' sacammiolh! ac n1to`o `a !amibo `ac !o`$mtoJ :h sah mol alt!a"h h `onimicio o !ati!o al ac comhc. Ac $s$h!io $a`a no`iimh! cos `htos hltas `a !ahcih! ac a`i`oJ o bial `asisti! `a ch mon!h !asiolhl`o ac botl K=oc+a!C. ]i ac a`i`o sa %h socimith`oJ ac botl K=oc+a!C :h lo asth!' `isolibca : h!h no`iimh! o `asisti! `a ch mon!h `aba!' mhlmach! ac a`i`o al ch omil K?isth`o `a Za`i`osC : osta!io!nalta socimith! $l !aanbocso. Po`o co hlta!io! bh*o chs mol`imiolas $asths o!  RhilBo# ]$s%i. 0ilhcnalta o`!' "ala!h! ac mon!obhlta `a ch mon!h. Ac sistanh ca il`imh!' <$a ac a`i`o sa %h !ahcih`o mol 1(ito : ac tiano <$a th!`h!' al !amibi! ac a`i`o h `onimicio o bial ac tiano al ac <$a asth!' cisto ac a`i`o h!h s$ !ati!o.

11

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso )hmihr Mhrrito

0i"$!h 2.G.&/ Mhso `a Qso/ =hmih! Mh!!ito

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ =hmih! mh!!ito  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os =hmih! ac mh!!ito `a mon!hs `ac mcialta 5asm!imil Qlh +a <$a ac mcialta hh`a h s$ mh!!ito `a mon!hs cos a`i`os <$a `asah mon!h!J $a`a acinilh!cos h!h +oc+a! h !ahcih! $l a`i`o `istilto. Z!amol`imil Fhba! !ahcih`o $l a`i`o mol hltimihmil sil %hba!   aamt$h`o ch mon!h mol ac botl KAamt$h! Mon!hC. 0c$*o lo!nhc `a a+altos Zhs  Hmmil o 8 ]acammiolh! a`i`os : hh`i! h mh!!ito `a mon!h. 2 Z!asiolh! K=hmih! Mh!!itoC h!h acinilh! cos a`i`os hh`i`os.

1"

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Rahci0hr 2ho

0i"$!h 2.G.)/ Mhso `a Qso/ Rahcih! Zh"o

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Rahcih! Zh"o  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os ]a !ahcih ac h"o `a cos !o`$mtos sacammiolh`os al ac mh!!ito `a mon!hs 5asm!imil Qlh +a <$a cos !o`$mtos ast1l sacammiolh`os : h"!a"h`os al ac mh!!ito `a mon!hJ ac mcialta `aba il"!ash! hc sistanh mol s$ $s$h!io : mch+a. Zosta!io!nalta ac sistanh co !a `i!ammiolh!' hc n1to`o `a h"o aca"i`o h!h moncath! s$ o!`al. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $s$h!io !a"ist!h`o mono mcialta `a ch an!ash. Al mhso molt!h!ioJ `aba !a"ist!h!sa.

+ihrhnh Mhso `a uso Raistro 6ulmiolhrio

10

0i"$!h 2.G.6/ Mhso `a Qso/ Ra"ist!o 0$lmiolh!io

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Ra"ist!h! 0$lmiolh!io  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os Ql h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh $a`a !a"ist!h! o acinilh!  $l $lmiolh!io. 5asm!imil Ac h`nilist!h`o! il"!ash mol s$ $s$h!io : mch+a. 5alt!o `ac sistanh H`nilJ sa `i!i"a h K?isth! 0$lmiolh!iosC h!h !oma`a! h h"!a"h! o acinilh! ac $lmiolh!ioJ sa"@l mo!!asol`h. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l h`nilist!h`o! `ac sitio #ab.

1

@iherhnh Mhso `a uso Eastiolhr Mcialtas

0i"$!h 2.G.>/ Mhso `a Qso/ ,astiolh! Mcialtas

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ ,astiolh! Mcialtas  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os ,astiolh! cos !o`$mtos al +alth 5asm!imil Ql h`nilist!h`o! o $lmiolh!io $a`a hh`i!J no`iimh! o acinilh! !o`$mtos al +alth `alt!o `ac sistanh. Zh!h aso `aba il"!ash! mol s$ m$althJ `i!i"i!sa h K,astil `a McialtasC : !ahcih! cos mhnbios al ac mcialta <$a `asaa. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $lmiolh!io o h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh.

15

@iherhnh Mhso `a uso Eastiolhr Zro`umtos

0i"$!h 2.G./ Mhso `a Qso/ ,astiolh! Z!o`$mtos

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ ,astiolh! Z!o`$mtos  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os ,astiolh! cos !o`$mtos al +alth 5asm!imil Ql h`nilist!h`o! o $lmiolh!io $a`a hh`i!J no`iimh! o acinilh! !o`$mtos al +alth `alt!o `ac sistanh. Zh!h aso `aba il"!ash! mol s$ m$althJ `i!i"i!sa h K,astil `a Z!o`$mtosC : !ahcih! cos mhnbios al ac !o`$mto <$a `asaa. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $lmiolh!io o h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh.

"

@iherhnh Mhso `a uso Mhnbihr Asth`o `a Za`i`o

0i"$!h 2.G.X/ Mhso `a Qso/ Mhnbih! Asth`o `a Za`i`o

Asamiimhmil `a Mhso `a Qso/ Mhnbih! asth`o `a Za`i`o  H$to! Mh!cos ]ic+h Ob*ati+os Hsomih`os Mhnbih! ac asth`o `ac a`i`o 5asm!imil Ql h`nilist!h`o! o $lmiolh!io $a`a mhnbih! ac asth`o `ac a`i`o `alt!o `ac sistanh. Zh!h aso `aba il"!ash!  mol s$ m$althJ `i!i"i!sa h KMhnbih! asth`o `ac a`i`oC : !ahcih! cos mhnbios al ac asth`o. Z!amol`imil ?h m$alth mol ch <$a sa hmma`h `aba sa! `a $l $lmiolh!io o h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh.

"!

 .8.& 5ih"!hnh 5a Hmti+i`h`

0i"$!h 2.G.8G/ 5ih"!hnh `a Hmti+i`h`

"2

.8.) 5ih"!hnhs `a ]am$almih Ilimihr ]asiýl

0i"$!h 2.G.88/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Ilimih! ]asil

Raeistro `a usuhrio

0i"$!h 2.G.82/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Ra"ist!o `a Qs$h!io

 Høh`ir Mhrrito

"7

0i"$!h 2.G.8/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Hh`i! Mh!!ito

Rahcizhr Za`i`o

0i"$!h 2.G.8&/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Rahcih! Za`i`o

Whmihr Mhrrito

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0i"$!h 2.G.8)/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ =hmih! Mh!!ito

Rahcizhr Zheo

0i"$!h 2.G.86/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Rahcih! Zh"o

Eastiýl Gulmiolhrio

"1

0i"$!h 2.G.8>/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ ,astil 0$lmiolh!io

Eastiolhr Mcialtas

0i"$!h 2.G.8/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ ,astiolh! Mcialtas

Eastiolhr Zro`umtos

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0i"$!h 2.G.8X/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ ,astiolh! Z!o`$mtos

Mhnbihr Asth`o `a Za`i`o

0i"$!h 2.G.2G/ 5ih"!hnh `a ]am$almih/ Mhnbih! Asth`o `a Za`i`o

.2 Fa!!hnialths h Qticih!  arrhnialths `a pchli:imhmiýl

"0

?imroso:t 2ro*amt

As $l !o"!hnh h!h ch h`nilist!hmil `a !o:amtosJ `ash!!occh`o : mona!mihcih`o o! 7im!osot h!h hsisti! h h`nilist!h`o!as `a !o:amtos al ac `ash!!occo `a chlasJ hsi"lhmil `a !am$!sos h th!ahsJ `h! sa"$inialto hc !o"!asoJ h`nilist!h! !as$$asto : hlhcih! mh!"hs `a t!hbh*o. Lotaph` 

A`ito! `a ta(to mono lotah` h `ia!almih <$a tiala n's $lmiolhci`h`asJ :h <$a tia `a moco! ac m`i"o m$hl`o sa ancahl n1to`osJ as $l !o"!hnh oal so$!ma Hro o ]thr"?=

]ol %a!!hnialth h!h ac no`achnialto `a sot#h!a bhsh`o al cos ast'l`h!as Q7? 9Qliia` 7o`acil" ?hl"$h"a4.

Bi0hi

As $l ]o#h!a "!ht$ito $ticih`o h!h `ih"!hnh!J `om$nalth! : sin$ch! !omasos BZ7L 9B$silass Z!omass 7o`acil" Lothtiol4.

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As $lh %a!!hnialth +is$hc `a `isao `a bhsas `a `htos <$a ilta"!h `ash!!occo `a sot#h!aJ H`nilist!hmil `a bhsas `a `htosJ `isao `a bhsas `a `htosJ m!ahmil : nhltalinialto h!h ac sistanh `a bhsa `a `htos 7:]?.

FH?22

As $l alto!lo `a `ash!!occo #ab `a Uil`o#s. ]a ca a!nita m!ah! hcimhmiolas #ab mol Hhm%a 2J ZFZ : $lh bhsa `a `htos 7:]?. $ltoJ Z%7:H`nil a!nita h`nilist!h! 'micnalta chs bhsas `a `htos

Bootstrhp

0!hna#o!; om$h`o al `isao `a hcimhmiolas #ab bhsh`o al %tnc : mssJ al asta !o:amto $a $ticih`o h!h thbchs !asolsi+hsJ botolas `a moco!asJ mhno `a ta(toJ alt!a ot!os.

. 5asm!imil chtho!nh mon$thmiolhc <$a sa $ticih!' ..8 Fh!`#h!a

"5

]a!+i`o! `a `htos/ Ac sa!+i`o! ast' almh!"h`o `a moltala! hc sitio #ab Rhilbo# ]$s%iJ hcnhmalhl`o cos `htos `a cos $s$h!iosJ cos `htos `a cos $lmiolh!iosJ chs mols$cths o !amchnosJ atm... ]a!+i`o!/ ]a!+a! IB7 (2)G7& aol

Mh!hmta!-stimhs 

Z!omash`o!/ M2" aol A)D26G+ W 2.) ,F

Zotalmih P5Z n'(inh/ 6X U  H!<$itamt$!h/ 22 ln Mhlti`h` `a Z!omash`o!as/ 8 M%isat/ ]a!+aRHI5 F888G ]H]3]HPH Molt!occa!  7ano!ih/ 8 ,B 98(8,BJ 2R(J 8.)=4 ZMD82GG M?88 AMM 55R 2)GG7F ?Z Q5I77J & scotJ 2 ,B n'( Rhl$!hs `a a(hlsil/ 8 ( ZMIa .G ( 8 ( ZMIa .G (& h!h RHI5DGJD8 Bh%-hs `a `ismos/ m$ht!o bh%ihs `a `ismos 2.)Dilm% %otDs#h ]H]3]HPH &6

 Hcnhmalhnialto ilsthch`o/ 6G,B ]]5 8 ( ]a!ihc 8 ( =i`ao 9=,H4 2 ( RD&) 6 ( Q]B 92 !olthcasJ & t!hsa!os4 Ilta!h `a !a`/ ,i"hbit At%a!lat 9,bA4 `$hc 0$alta `a hcinalthmil/ 8( &6G U !a`$l`hlt 9omiolhc sa"$l`h $alta `a o`a!  ZL X&Y6264 Monolaltas sincaDs#h/ m$ht!o $li`h`as 2.)Dilm% %otDs#h ]H] ]oo!ta RHI5/ ]a!+aRHI5 F888G ]H]3]HPH Molt!occa!  ,astil `a sistanhs/ Ilta"!hta` 7hlh"analt 7o`$ca 9I774 2 mol IZ7I 2.G : ]a!ihc o+a!  ?HLJ mch+a `a %h!`#h!a omiolhc h!h !asalmih !anoth IB7 ]:stans 5i!amto!J 0

]a!+a!,$i`a

..2 ]ot#h!a ]istanh oa!hti+o/ 7im!osot Uil`o#s ]a!+a! 2G82 H7ZZ 7:]?. Lh+a"h`o! ,oo"ca M%!ona

.& Ast$`io `a 0hmtibici`h`  Hcta!lhti+h lV8/ Zh"ilh #ab `ash!!occh`h al ZFZ : h+h]m!it ac m$hc molsista al %hma! cos a`i`os `as`a ch '"ilh na`ihlta $l h"o olcila `as`a $l sistanh a(ta!lo #abh:  Hcta!lhti+h lV2/ Hcimhmil HZ `ash!!occh`h al Hl`!oi` ch m$hc tiala monhtibici`h` mol chs +a!siolas hlti"$hs `a Hl`!oi`J o! co <$a ac $s$h!io lo tal`!' !obcanh al ilsthch!ch al m$hc<$ia! `isositi+o n+ic.

 .&.8 0hmtibici`h` P1mlimh Hctarlhti/h #

Al ch a+hc$hmil t1mlimh sa tonh!' al m$alth ch tamloco"-h <$a as lamash!ih h!h o`a! hmma`a! `a nhla!h 'mic : sa"$!h hc sitio. Ra&uisitos `a hr`whra

Mon$th`o!h `a Asm!ito!io o Lotaboo;. Z!omash`o!/ Iltac MZQ Maca!ol ,&&G 8J6,F 988))4 o s$a!io!. 7ano!ih/ 8,B o s$a!io!. Molt!och`o! `a !a`/ Z$a!to At%a!lat 8G38GG o s$a!io!  5ismo 5$!o/ G,B o s$a!io!. 7olito!/ ,al1!imo. Za!i1!imos/ 7o$sa : tamch`o "al1!imos.

0!

Ra&uisitos `a ]o:twhra

]istanh Oa!hti+o/ Uil`o#s > o s$a!io!J Qli(3?il$(J 7hmO]. Uab B!o#sa!/ ,oo"ca M%!onaJ 7oicch 0i!ao(J Ilta!lat A(co!a!. Ot!o/ Mola(il h ilta!lat. 9Ilmc$:a Ro$ta!J mhbcah`o :3o sahc ilhc'nb!imh4

Hctarlhti/h 

Zh!h <$a ch hcimhmil $lmiola mo!!amthnaltaJ mono n-lino sa lamasithl astos !a<$isitos Ra<$isitos `a %h!`#h!a/ Ac $s$h!io `aba osaa! $l ]nh!t%ola. Ra<$isitos `a sot#h!a/ Mono n-lino asths +a!siolas `a Hl`!oi` o s$a!io!. =a!sil/ Lonb!a/ 2..  2..> ,il"a!b!ah` &.G.  &.G.& Ima M!ahn ]hl`#im% &.8.(  &.2.(  &. acc: Bahl &.& itht o s$a!io!.

 .&.2 0hmtibici`h` Oa!hmiolhc Zh!h chs hcta!lhti+hs lV8 : lV2 ch a+hc$hmil oa!hmiolhc a!nita shba! si cos $s$h!ios <$a $ticihl ac sistanh : ac h`nilist!h`o! osaal cos molominialtos h`am$h`os h!h oa!h! ac sistanh #ab <$a sa ast' `ash!!occhl`o. Zh!h m$nci! mol ch mhhmi`h` oa!hmiolhc al ac mhso `a cos $s$h!ios sa asa!h <$a astos tal"hl cos molominialtos b'simos al mon$thmil o al ac $so `a $l ]nh!t%ola mono n-lino b'simoJ talial`o al m$alth co hlta!io! sa !ahcih!h $l +i`ao t$to!ihc mol to`h ch ilo!nhmil lamash!ih : m!ah! $lh sammil `a !a"$lths !am$altas h!h hs- h"icih! chs o!nhs `a mhhmith! hc $s$h!io. Al ac mhso `a h`nilist!h`o!J mono sa!' ch a!solh <$a `ash!!occo ac sitio o hcimhmil n+icJ sa `a*h!' $l nhl$hc mo!th hcosJ h`an's `a $l +i`ao t$to!ihcJ sob!a ac nhla*o `ac sot#h!a mono h`nilist!h`o!.

 .&. 0hmtibici`h` ?a"hc  Hcta!lhti+h lV8/ Po`o ac sot#h!a $ticih`o h!h ac !o:amto as `a cimalmihs cib!as. Zo! co thltoJ ac !o:amto as ca"hcnalta hmtibca. 02

 Hcta!lhti+h lV2/ Ac ]ot#h!a h `ash!!occh! `aal`a `a cimalmihs Zh"h`hs thlto h!h ac `ash!!occo : ch `asmh!"h `a Zch:]to!a h!h cos $s$h!ios.

 Hnbhs Hcta!lhti+hs al t1!nilos ca"hcas moilmi`al al ch !otammil `a `htos a!solhcas sa"@l ac h!t-m$co `a ca: 8X62. Ac m$hc hc mcialta sochnalta sa ca a(i"a s$s n's n-linos `htos a!solhcas thcas mono ac lonb!aJ hacci`os : anhicJ :h <$a asth alti`h` mona!mihc as $lh an!ash `a +alths `a moni`hJ lo `aba!-h nhla*h! `htos `a cos $s$h!iosJ `abi`o h a!solhc `a asth alti`h` <$a o`!-h %hma! nhc $so `a ch ilo!nhmil oto!"h`h. ]a"@l ch ?a: 8X22 <$a molsista al cos `acitos ilo!n'timos asta sot#h!aJ lo sa !asolshbicih :h <$aJ $lh an!ash a(ta!lh sa %hma mh!"o `a cos h"os : t!hlsa!almihs acamt!limhs.

07

.&.& 0hmtibici`h` Amolnimh Il/arsiýl

0/

Hctarlhti/h #

Hctarlhti/h 2

01

7./.1 #olmcusi-l Astu`io `a +:m6ici`:`

Al bhsa h cos !as$cth`os obtali`os al hnbhs hmtibici`h`asJ sa $a`a h!amih! <$a al ch hcta!lhti+h 8 sa obtiala $l =hco! Hmt$hc Lato ositi+o : $lh Phsh Ilta!lh `a Rato!lo hmtibca. H `ia!almih `a ch hcta!lhti+h 2 al ch m$hc ac =HL h!!o*o $l +hco! la"hti+o. Zo! co thltoJ sa a*am$th!'l chs th!ahs mo!!asol`ialtas h!h `ash!!occh! ac !o:amto al molsam$almih mol ch hcta!lhti+h 8. ]a `asthmh h`an's <$a ac tiano `a !am$a!hmil `a ch il+a!sil sa!' `a 2 hos : 2 nasas.

0"

Mhit$co I=

00

&.8 5ih"!hnh `a mchsas

0i"$!h 2.8.G/ 5ih"!hnh `a Mchsas

0

&.2 5ih"!hnh `a Bhsa `a 5htos

0i"$!h 2.2.G/ 5ih"!hnh `a Bhsa `a 5htos

Phbch mcialtas Htributo

1ipo

1hnho

Mol`imiýl

+athccas

i`

=HRMFHR

88

Lonb!a

=HRMFHR

2))

 Hacci`os

=HRMFHR

2))

Qs$h!io

=HRMFHR

2))

Anhic

=HRMFHR

2))

ZRI7HRY AYJ I`altiimh`o!   H$toilm!analto @limo `a $s$h!io Lonb!a `ac mcialta Hacci`o `ac mcialta Ho`o `ac mcialta a i`altiimhmil `a co"il Mo!!ao

05

Molt!hsah

=HRMFHR

2))

5i!ammilmhcca

=HRMFHR

2))

Acamt!limo mcialta Molt!hsah Qs$h!io 9Mcialta4 5i!ammil o!   `aamto `ol`a i!h ac a`i`o

&. 5asm!imil `a to`hs chs thbchs <$a monolal ch Bhsa `a `htos

Z!o`$mtos  Ht!ib$to i`

Pio ILP

Phnho 8GG

!accalo

=HRMFHR

2GG

`asm!imil

=HRMFHR

&)

!amio

ILP

2G

Mol`imil ZRI7HRY AYJ  H$toilm!analt o

5athccas I`altiimh`o!  `a mh`h tio `a RoccTs Raccalo : l$na!o `a mo!tas `a cos ]$s%i RoccTs Pio `a ]$s%i RoccTs Z!amio Qlith!io `a ]$s%i Roccs mh`h $li`h` +h!-h alt!a  :



a(istalmihs

ILP

8G mo!tas ]tom; `a Z!o`$mtos 5isolibca

88

a`i`os  Ht!ib$to I`

tio ILP

Phnho 8GG

Mol`imil ZRI7HRY AYJHQPO ILMRA7ALP

i`mcialta

ILP

8GG

0ORAI,L AY

am%h

=HRMFHR

8GG

Asth`o

=HRMFHR

8GG

cilahsa`i`o  Ht!ib$to I`

tio ILP

Phnho 8GG

I`a`i`o

ILP

8GG

i`!o`$mto

ILP

8GG

$li`h`as

ILP

8GG

5athcca I`altiimh`o! `ac a`i`oJ asth i` !a"ist!h ac a`i`o :h <$a al $lh i` `a o!`al ilmc$:a n's `a $l !o`$mto I`altiimh`o! `ac mcialta <$a socimit ac a`i`o 0am%h <$a sa !ahci ac a`i`o Asth`o `a ch alt!a"h astos asth`os sol/ Zal`ialtaJ Alt!a"h`o :  Hl$ch`o.

Mol`imil 5athcca ZRI7HRY AYJ Itan h!h  HQPO[ILMRA7ALP b$smh! h"os aamt$h`os 0ORAI,L AY Moltiala `htos `ac Za`i`o 0ORAI,L AY Moltiala 5htos `ac Z!o`$mto Mhlti`h` `a $li`h`as socimith`h `a mh`h !o`$mto !

inh"alas!o`$mtos  Ht!ib$to tio I` ILP

Phnho 8GG

I`!o`$mto

ILP

8GG

inh"al

=HRMFHR

2))

tit$co

=HRMFHR

2))

`asm!imil

=HRMFHR

2))

0$lmiolh!io  Ht!ib$to RQP

tio Phnho =HRMFHR 8)

Lonb!a

=HRMFHR &)

Za!ic

ALQ7

Mch+a

=HRMFHR 8GG

Mol`imil 5athcca ZRI7HRY AYJ L@na!o `ac  HQPO[ILMRA7ALP !o`$mto <$a sa ca hh`i!' inh"al 0ORAI,L AY I`altiimh`o!   `ac !o`$mto Lonb!a : o!nhto `a ch inh"al Zosibca Pit$co `a inh"al Zosibca `asm!imil `a inh"al

Sh`nilist!h`o!T

Mol`imil 5athcca ZRI7HRY R$t : m$alth AY `ac 0$lmiolh!io  H`nilist!h`o !  Lonb!a 0$lmiolh!io Za!ic `ac $lmiolh!io al asta mhso soco sa molsi`a!h hc h`nilist!h`o!  Molt!hsah $lmiolh!io

Ra"ist!os 2

 Ht!ib$to $tm

tio ILP

Phnho 8GG

hlio

ILP

&

nas

ILP

2

`-h

ILP

2

%o!h

ILP

2

nil$to

ILP

2

sa"$l`o

ILP

2

i

=HRMFHR

2))

lh+a"h`o!

=HRMFHR

2))

h"ilh

=HRMFHR

2))

Mol`imil

A(t!h

5athcca L$na!o `a mols$cth o !amchno `a cos mcialtas `a Rhilbo# ]$s%i Ho `a hmti+i`h` !ahcih`h al ac sistanh 7as `a hmti+i`h` !ahcih`h al ac sistanh 5-h `a hmti+i`h` !ahcih`h al ac sistanh Fo!h <$a sa !ahci ch hmti+i`h` al ac sistanh 7il$to <$a sa !ahci hmti+i`h` al ac sistanh Fo!h !aco* <$a sa !ahci hmti+i`h` al ac sistanh IZ <$a sa !ahci ch t!hlshmmil Lh+a"h`o!   monhtibca mol ac sistanh Hcnhmalh ch '"ilh `ol`a sa !ahci ch hmti+i`h`

7

&.& 5ih"!hnhs `a Lh+a"hmil +ihrhnh `a Lh/ahmiýl H`nilistrh`or 

0i"$!h 2..G/ 5ih"!hnh `a Lh+a"hmil 9H`nilist!h`o!4

+ihrhnh `a Lh/ahmiýl Mcialta

/

0i"$!h 2..8/ 5ih"!hnh `a Lh+a"hmil 9Mcialta4

&.) 7hh `ac sitio +ihrhnh 2ar:ic Mcialta

1

0i"$!h 2.&.G/ 5ih"!hnh Za!ic Mcialta

+ihrhnh 2ar:ic H`nilistrh`or 

"

0i"$!h 2.&.8/ 5ih"!hnh Za!ic H`nilist!h`o! 

&.> Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil 2rototipo ]istanh Rhilbow ]usfi ]istanh `a pa`i`os (lcila 0

28ilh 2rilmiphc

0i"$!h 2.).G/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Z'"ilh Z!ilmihc

5asm!imil/ Z'"ilh !ilmihcJ thnbi1l molomi`h mono il`a(. Asth '"ilh moltiala $l tanchta `a lh+a"hmil `as`a ac m$hc sa $a`a hmma`a! h chs !onomiolas : mht'co"o `a !o`$mtosJ alt!a ot!osJ thcas mono !a"ist!o `a mcialtaJ !a"$lths !am$altas : molthmtoJ h`an's moltiala in'"alas ilta!hmti+hs `ol`a sa $a`a +is$hcih!  !o`$mtos al oa!th : %o!h!io `a htalmil `ac comhc `a moni`h. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io +althlh !ilmihc



Raistro `a Mcialta

0i"$!h 2.).8/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Ra"ist!o `a Mcialta

5asm!imil/ Asth ilta!h molsista al ac !a"ist!o `a $l l$a+o $s$h!io a!ic mcialta hc sistanhJ m$:h ilhci`h` as !ahcih! a`i`os olcilaJ sa socimith ccalh! asta o!n$ch!ioJ h!h co"$ah!sa : sa! !a `i!ammiolh`o hc na`i`o `a h"o. Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtas. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io `a !a"ist!o

5

]acammiýl `a ?al

0i"$!h 2.).2/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ ]acammil `a 7al@

5asm!imil/ ]acammil `a nal@ molsista al h"!$h! cos s$s%is !occs sa"@l s$ mhta"o!-h al $l nal@ ilta!hmti+o `a 'mic $so mol inh"al a %ia!+-lm$co <$a cca+h `i!amto hc mh!!ito `a mon!h. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io +althlh nal@ `a sacammil .

5

Hh`ir hc Mhrro `a monprhs

0i"$!h 2.)./ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Hh`i! hc Mh!!ito

5asm!imil/ Qlh +a <$a ac mcialta asmo"a s$ !o`$mtoJ $a`a hh`i! hc mh!!ito thltos `a cos nisnos !o`$mtos mono `asaa cca+h!. Ac !amio tothc sa hmt$hcih!' `a o!nh h$ton'timh asth +althlh a!nita +hmih! ac mh!!ito h!h c$a"o +oc+a! h sacammiolh!  !o`$mto si co `asahJ : moli!nh! mon!h h!h moltil$h! mol ac h"o `a cos !o`$mtos sacammiolh`oJ al mhso <$a ac mcialta `asaa mon!h! !o`$mtos `a ot!h mhta"o!-h o`!' %hma!co mol ac botl moltil$h! mon!h `a asth nhla!h sa `i!ammiolh hc nal@ `a sacammilJ sil a!`a! cos !o`$mtos hh`i`os !amialtanalta.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ !o`$mtosJ inh"alasZ!o`$mtos. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ 0o!n$ch!io `a mhta"o!-hs

5!

Mol:irnhr 2a`i`o

0i"$!h 2.).&/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Moli!nh! Za`i`o

5asm!imil/ Al asta o!n$ch!io sa ca a(i"a hc mcialta +hci`h!sa mono $s$h!ioJ o! na`io sa s$ lonb!a `a $s$h!io : molt!hsahJ h`an's $a`a !a"ist!h!sa al mhso <$a lo sa %h:h !a"ist!h`o al ac !a"ist!o `a ch '"ilh !ilmihc h `ia!almih `ac !a"ist!o hlta!io! asta !a"ist!o co `i!ammiolh h$ton'timhnalta hc h"o `ac !o`$mto al ac nonalto <$a sa m!ah ch m$althJ al mhso <$a %h:h oc+i`h`o s$ mch+a hc !asiolh!  oc+i`hsta t$ molt!hsahJ sa ca il`imh!' mono !asthbcama!ch.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtas Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io ?o"il[Za`i`o 2romashr socimitu`

52

0i"$!h 2.).)/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Z!omash! ]ocimit$`

5asm!imil/ Asth +althlh !aal+-h cos `htos hc sa!+i`o! <$a moltiala ac a`i`o socimith`o mol ch i`altiimhmil `ac $s$h!io co"$ah`o. Phbchs <$a $ticih/ a`i`osJ cilahsZa`i`oJ !a"ist!os. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ 0o!n$ch!io co"Mcialta

57

]istanh `a 2ho

0i"$!h 2.).6/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ ]istanh `a Zh"o

5asm!imil/ Ac na`io `a h"o sa!' hmmasibca $lh +a <$a ac $s$h!io hmata chs mon!hs hcnhmalh`hs al s$ mh!!itoJ `a o!nh <$a ac sistanh co cca+a ilna`ihthnalta h asta sitio a(ta!lo <$a !omash!' s$ h"o na`ihlta `i+a!shs o!nhs `a %hma!co. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ ]istanh A(ta!lo UabZh:

H`nilistrhmiýl `a 6ulmiolhrios

5/

0i"$!h 2.).>/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ H`nilist!hmil H`nilist!hmil `a 0$lmiolh!ios

5asm!imil/ Zhlthcch al ch <$a soco ac h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh tal`!' hmmaso. Al acch sa o`!'l h"!a"h! l$a+os $lmiolh!ios.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ $lmiolh!io. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ 0o!n$ch!io `a $lmiolh!ios

=isth`o 2ro`umto 2al`ialtas

51

0i"$!h 2.)./ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ ?isth`o Z!o`$mtos Zal`ialtas

5asm!imil/

Al asta n`$co ac h`nilist!h`o! +a to`os cos !o`$mtos <$a $a!ol a*am$th`os mol $lh t!hlshmmil a(itosh sa cisthl o! ch `asm!imil `ac !o`$mto al asta mhso ac !accaloJ : ch mhta"o!-hJ sa il`imhl ch mhlti`h` `a $li`h`as mon!h`hsJ `ol`a sa `aba alt!a"h!J thnbi1l ac lonb!a `ac mcialta. Zo! `aamto astos sol !o`$mtos <$a ast'l al asth`o `a alt!a"h al`ialta Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtasJ a`i`osJ cilahZa`i`osJ !o`$mtos. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ 0o!n$ch!io cisth! Za`i`os

5"

Mhnbihr Asth`o

0i"$!h 2.).X/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Mhnbih! Asth`o

5asm!imil/ Al asta n`$co ac asth`o al`ialta `ac !o`$mto sa mhnbih h alt!a"h`o si ac !o`$mto $a !amibi`o molo!nanalta o! ac mcialtaJ : hl$ch`o si $a `a+$acto o ac mcialta sa almolt!hbh h$salta al s$ `onimicioJ hc mhnbih! `a asth`o ac !o`$mto `ashh!ama `a ch cisth `a alt!a"hs `a !o`$mtos.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ a`i`os. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ 0o!n$ch!io mhnbih! asth`o alt!a"hs

50

7astiýl `a pro`umtos

0i"$!h 2.).8G/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ ,astil `a Z!o`$mtos

5asm!imil/ Ql h`nilist!h`o! $a`a hh`i!J no`iimh! o acinilh! !o`$mtos al +alth `alt!o `ac sistanh. H ch +aJ asta n`$co a!nita il"!ash! $l l$a+o !o`$mto mol s$ !asamti+h inh"al. Asth inh"al : s$ !o`$mto hh`i`o sa +a!'l !aca*h`os al ac sistanh `ac mcialta thlto mono mol s$s `htos hsi"lh`os : s$ inh"al.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ !o`$mtos. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io "astil `a !o`$mtos

7astiýl `a Mcialtas

5

0i"$!h 2.).88/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ ,astil `a Mcialtas

5asm!imil/ Ql h`nilist!h`o! $a`a hh`i!J no`iimh! o acinilh! mcialtas `alt!o `ac sistanh. Zh!h aso `aba il"!ash! mol s$ m$althJ `i!i"i!sa h K,astil `a McialtasC : !ahcih!  cos mhnbios al ac mcialta <$a `asaa. H`an'sJ as osibca mols$cth! ch molt!hsah h!h !amo!`'!sach hc mcialta m$hl`o ch oc+i`a.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtas Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io "astil `a mcialtas

Asth`îstimhs

55

0i"$!h 2.).82/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Asth`-stimhs

5asm!imil/ ]a o!`alhl cos !o`$mtos al o!`al `as`a ac n's mon!h`o : sa +is$hcih $l POZ mol cos !o`$mtos n's mon!h`os : ac mcialta <$a n's %h mon!h`o. Asto h:$`h h ch An!ash h shba! <$a ils$nos `aba tala! n's hb$l`hlta.

Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtasJ !o`$mtos. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io asth`-stimhs

Mhnbihr Mch/a H`nil

!

0i"$!h 2.).8/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Mhnbih! Mch+a H`nil

5asm!imil/ Mhnbih ch mch+a `ac h`nilist!h`o! `ac sistanh o! $lh l$a+h. Phbchs <$a $ticih/ $lmiolh!io. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io mhnbio mch+a h`nilist!h`o! 

Rasthbcamar moltrhsah4

!!

0i"$!h 2.).8&/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Rasthbcama! Molt!hsah

5asm!imil/ Ac $s$h!io ilo!nh <$a %h a!`i`o s$ molt!hsah : ac h`nilist!h`o! ch !asatahJ oto!"'l`oca $lh molt!hsah hcahto!ih ch m$hc `aba sa! mhnbih`h osta!io!nalta. Ac $s$h!io `aba co"$ah!sa mol ch molt!hsah tano!hc h!h c$a"o mhnbih!ch. Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtas. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io !asthbcama! 

Mhnbio Mch/a Hcahtorih

!2

0i"$!h 2.).8)/ Z!ototio `a Hcimhmil/ Mhnbio `a Mch+a

5asm!imil/ Ac mcialta mhnbih ch molt!hsah hcahto!ih o! $lh <$a $a`h !amo!`h!. Phbchs <$a $ticih/ mcialtas. Ilta!hmas <$a $ticih/ o!n$ch!io mhnbio mch+a

!7

Molmcusiýl P!hs %hba! ilhcih`o mol ac `ash!!occo `a asta ilo!naJ sa molmc$:a <$a ch nh:o!-h `a cos ob*ati+os chltah`os al ac ilimio %hl si`o m$nci`os mhbhcnalta. ]a co"! molst!$i! hcimhmiolasJ thlto h!h ac ch`o `ac mcialta mono h!h ac `ac h`nilist!h`o!J <$a osaal ilta!hmas ilt$iti+hs : <$a nilinihl cos osibcas a!!o!as monati`os o! cos $s$h!ios. Hc asth! hnbhs hcimhmiolas `isah`hs alshl`o al $lh n'<$ilh `a asth`osJ ac l@na!o `a hmmiolas osibcas `a cos $s$h!ios al mh`h n`$co sa +io cinith`oJ co m$hc sa t!h`$*o al $lh !a`$mmil ino!thlta `a cos a!!o!as <$a $`iasal !ahcih! 1stos. ]a `aba `asthmh! <$a ac `isao `a ch hcimhmil mcialta a!nita <$a 1sth $a`h sa! $ticih`h o! $l $s$h!io !ona`io sil mhhmithmil hc"$lh. Asta !o`$mto as hcimhbca sco h ch alti`h` RhilBo# ]$s%i. ]il anbh!"oJ s$ m`i"o $a`a sa! $sh`o mol ilas mona!mihcas h!h `ist!ib$i!co al '!ahs `a`imh`hs h ch "hst!olon-hJ : lo sco asoJ silo <$a thnbi1l h m$hc<$ia! an!ash <$a `asaa incanalth! $l sa!+imio `a !ah!to h `onimicioJ !asmil`ial`o al mhso `a `asah!coJ `a ch hcimhmil mcialta. ?h no`$ch!i`h` : ca(ibici`h` <$a $a!ol molsa"$i`hs al asta t!hbh*o sol `os `a chs +i!t$`as n's ino!thltas <$a osaa ac sistanh `ash!!occh`o. Ac sistanh $a m!ah`o alshl`o al $l sistanh no`$ch!J co m$hc sa t!h`$ma al $lh hbsoc$th ca(ibici`h` hc nonalto `a m!ah! l$a+os n`$cos <$a h"!a"$al nh:o!  $lmiolhci`h` hc sistanh. Astos l$a+os n`$cos sa!'l hbsoc$thnalta il`aal`ialtas `a cos :h molst!$i`os : o`!'l sa! h"!a"h`os mol n$m%h hmici`h` h ch hcimhmil h`nilist!h`o!J thnbi1l h ch `ac mcialta al mhso <$a mo!!asol`h. Asth ca(ibici`h` lo as sco al m$hlto h h"!a"h! `ia!altas n`$cosJ silo <$a thnbi1l hc nonalto `a `ia!almih! cos a!icas `a cos sa!+imiosJ as `ami!J o!ama!  `ia!altas n`$cos al mh`h $lo. Hc"$los a!icas molth!'l sco mol cos n`$cos b'simosJ nialt!hs <$a ot!os o`!'l molth! mol $l nh:o! l@na!o `a n`$cos <$a !asaltal h@l n's $lmiolhci`h`as h!h ch an!ash.

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