Informe de Autotronica duoc uc

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a "

Tecnología Del Automóvil-Operación Del Motor. Motor. Trabajo N-4. Unidad E-!"4.

#ntegrante$% &ri$top'er ()nc'e*. Diego E$pino*a.

#n$i!%&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina + $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " T%!no(og)a T%!no(og)a $%( ato./0i(11111111111111111111111111111111111111&&&&Pag& " 2%3ni!i/n 4 5n!i/n $% (o' !o.6on%nt%' $%( 6an%(1111111111 6an%(1111111111111111111& 111111111& 11111Pag&, Mo$(o $% !ontro( %(%!tr/ni!o ECM111111111111111111 ECM11111111111111111111111&&11 11111&&11P*g& P*g& , 7a'ta Pag&8 9*(0(a $% RGE 4 ' '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n 0*(0(a EGR;1111111111111&11& EGR;1111111111111&11&&Pag&< &Pag&< 7a'ta Pag&= '%n'or $% o>ig%no 11111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111 111111111111&111 111&111 Pag&? 7a'ta Pag&++ S%n'or $% 6r%'i/n ab'o(ta $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n MAP;1111111111& Pag&+ Pag&+ 7a'ta Pag&+, In4%!tor $% !o.b'tib(%1111111 !o.b'tib(%11111111111111111 11111111111111111111 11111111111&111 1&111 Pag&+8 7a'ta Pag&+< S%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant% ECT;11111111111111&1111&&P ECT;11111111111111&1111&&Pag&+= ag&+= 7a'ta Pag&+? S%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or TPS;11111111111111111 TPS;111111111111111111&111&& 1&111&& Pag&+ Pag&+ 7a'ta Pag&+ 9*(0(a 'o(%noi$%1111111111111111111111111111111&& 111&&Pag& 7a'ta Pag&" S%n'or 6o'i!i/n $%( !ig%Da( CP;111111111111111111 CP;11111111111111111111&&11111P 11&&11111Pag&, ag&, 7a'ta Pag&8 B)a'1111111111111111111111111111111111111&& 1111&&Pag&< 7a'ta Pag&< Con0%rti$or !ata()ti!o1111111 !ata()ti!o11111111111111111 1111111111111111111 1111111111&& 1&& 11111&&Pag&= 7a'ta Pag&? S%n'or $% go(6%t%o S; 11111111111111111111111111111111&Pag& 7a'ta Pag&"'%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $% air% a'6ira$o ACT 1111111111111111111 11111111111111111111Pag&"+ 1Pag&"+ 7a'ta Pag&" 9*(0(a'1111111111111111111111111111111& 111111111&&Pag&"" 7a'ta P*g&""

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina  $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " Ani((o' $% 6i't/n11111111111111111 6i't/n11111111111111111111111111& 111111111&1111111111 1111111111 Pag&"" 7a'ta Pag&",& 9*(0(a IAC;11111111111111111111111111111&&111111111 Pag&"8& 7a'ta Pag&"8& Prob(%.a' .*' !o.n%' $%( 6an%(1111111111 6an%(11111111111111&11111 1111&11111111&111 111&111 Pag&"<& 7a'ta Pag&"<& Con!('i/n1111111111111111111111111111111111&11111 Pag&"=& 7a'ta Pag&"=& Bib(iogra5)a111111111111111111111111111111111111111&&Pa g&"?& 7a'ta Pag&"?&

Tecnología del automóvil operación del motor.

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina " $% ,-


2%3ni!i/n 4 5n!i/n $% (o' !o.6on%nt%' $%( 6an%(& +& .o$(o $% $% !ontro( !ontro( %(%!tr/ni!o %(%!tr/ni!o ECM;: ECM;: E' n !o.6on% !o.6on%nt% nt% .4 i.6ortan i.6ortant% t% %n %( 5n!iona.i%nto $%( .otor 4 $%( 0%7)!(o %n to$a' '' 5n!ion%'&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina , $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " I.ag%n $% ECM&

La' ECM ti%n%n $i'6o'iti0o' $% '.ini'tro $% %n%rg)a %(%!tr/ni!o ta.biHn ni$a$%' $% 6ro!%'a.i%nto !%ntra( 6o'%%n .%.oria 6ara gar$ar in5or.a!i/n %n ba'% $% 5a((a'  obt%n%r r%5%r%n!ia %n 0a(or%' $% '%n'or%'  a!ta$or%' ti%n%n !ir!ito' $% %ntra$a $% '%n'or 4 !ir!ito' int%rr6tor%' $% 'a(i$a& E%.6(o $% na .%$i!i/n $% ECM %n n 0%7)!(o $% .ar!a For$&

Lo' ./$(o' $% !ontro( '% !o.ni!an !on otro' !ontro(%' %(%!tr/ni!o' .%$iant% n %n(a!% $% $ato' bi$ir%!!iona(%' %n (a .a4or)a $% (o' ECM ti(iza$o' %n (o' !ontro(%' %(%!tr/ni!o' (a' %ntra$a' a'o!ia$a' !on (a ECM $%( .otor 'on !a'a(.%nt% %ntra$a' .o$(a$a' ana(/gi!a' (a' !a(%' o6%ran !on 0o(ta%' $% !orri%nt% !ontina r%5%r%n!ia(%' $% - a 8 0o(t'&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina 8 $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " La ECM .i$% (a' %ntra$a' $% (o' $i'tinto' '%n'or%' 6ro!%'a (a in5or.a!i/n $% !a$a no 4 %nton!%' no' 6ro0%% $% na '%Da( a6ro6ia$a $% 'a(i$a 6ara !ontro(ar (a' 5n!ion%' %'6%!i3!a$a' $%( .otor 4 '%g@n nor.a' $%( 5abri!ant%'  nor.a' int%rna!iona(%' (a' ECM $% (o' .otor%' $% ato./0i(%' .*' antigo' !ont%n)an ./$(o' $% 6%r'ona(i$a$ $% !on%>i/n ato.*ti!a 6ara (a 6rogra.a!i/n $% (o' 0a(or%' $%( .otor !o.o 5a((a' 4 %rror%' r%gi'tra$o' %t!& En (a' ECM .*' a!ta(%' '% ti(iza n .Hto$o $% 6rogra.a!i/n $%no.ina$o FLAS  .%$iant% n 'o5tJar% 4 n %n(a!% $% $ato'  !an$o (a ECM %'ta $%5%!to'a  !on 6rob(%.a'  6%$% o!a'ionarno' K% %( 0%7)!(o 5n!ion% $% .a(a .an%ra  'i.6(%.%nt% %( .otor no t%n$r)a !o.an$o 6ara 6o$%r ini!iar ' arranK% 5n!iona.i%nto; a7ora 6ara 6o$%r 'o(!ionar %'to' 6rob(%.a' n r%%.6(azo to.ar)a no' .into'  4a K% (a ECM %' $% 5*!i( a!!%'o  a7ora (a bi!a!i/n $% (a ECM $%6%n$% $% (a .ar!a 4 %( .o$%(o $%( 0%7)!(o 4a K% no %n to$o' %'t*n %n n 6nto 3o 6%ro %n (a .a4or)a $% (o' 0%7)!(o' (a ECM %'ta bi!ab(% .onta$a $%bao $%( a'i%nto $%( !on$!tor o a!o.6aDant%&

& 0*(0(a $% RGE 4 ' '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n 0*(0(a EGR;: (a t%.6%ratra $% (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n 6%$% '%r !ontro(a$a intro$!i%n$o ga'%' in%rt%' $%ntro $% (a .i'.a !*.ara

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina < $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " %'to' no' $i(4%n (a .%z!(a g%n%ra$a $% air% !o.b'tib(% 4 r%$!% (a t%.6%ratra $% (a .i'.a a7ora (a $i'.in!i/n $% t%.6%ratra %' r%(a!iona$a !on (a $i'.in!i/n $%( o>ig%no !ont%ni$o %n (a .%z!(a $% air% !o.b'tib(% 6ara (o !a( %( 'i't%.a EGR 5% !r%a$o 6ara 6o$%r !ontro(ar 4 .%orar $i!7o 5n!iona.i%nto& I.ag%n $% 0*(0(a EGR !on '' !o.6on%nt%' int%rior%'&

E( 'i't%.a EGR no' !ontro(a (a' %.i'ion%' $% NO> .ant%ni%n$o (a' t%.6%ratra' $% (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n a na t%.6%ratra in5%rior a (a t%.6%ratra a (a !a( '% no' g%n%ra  5or.a (o' NO>  na !anti$a$ 6%K%Da $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% $% n +, !o.o .*>i.o a6ro>i.a$a.%nt% '% intro$!% $%ntro $%( !i!(o $% a$.i'i/n $i(4%n$o (a !arga $% .%z!(a  ta.biHn $i'.in4%n$o %( !ont%ni$o $% o>ig%no 4 6or !on'igi%nt% iga( (a t%.6%ratra & La !anti$a$ $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% K% %' .%z!(a$a !on (a !arga $% a$.i'i/n %' !ontro(a$a 6or (a 0*(0(a EGR %n to$o' (o' 'i't%.a' $% !ar*!t%r $% 5n!iona.i%nto 'i.6(%& I.ag%n 5n!iona.i%nto $% 0*(0(a EGR %n 'o $% r%intro$!ir %( 7.o $% (a !o.b'ti/n 6ara a7orrar !o.b'tib(% 4 a4$ar a( .%$io a.bi%nt%&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina = $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " La' 0*(0(a' EGR nor.a(.%nt% %'t*n .onta$a' 'obr% %( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n o in'ta(a$a' %n otro (gar $%( .otor 4 %'ta' '% %n!%ntran !on%!ta$a' a( 0a!io $% (a a$.i'i/n .%$iant%' !on$!to' o tb%r)a' (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6% 6a'an a (a a$.i'i/n a tra0H' $% (a ba'% $% (a 0*(0(a !an$o '% %n!%ntra abi%rta  a!!iona$a& Can$o (o' .otor%' '% %n!%ntran %n ra(%nt) o %n a!%(%ra!i/n !o.6(%ta %' $%!ir (o' 0a!io $% (a a$.i'i/n 'on .)ni.o'  (a 0*(0(a 6%r.an%!% !%rra$a $rant% (a' !on$i!ion%' $% a!%(%ra!i/n .o$%ra$a 4 %n 0%(o!i$a$ .%$ia  %( 0a!io $% (a a$.i'i/n a.%nta g%n%ran$o na 5%rza .a4or K% (a $%( r%'ort% 4 7a!% K% (a 0*(0(a EGR '% abra  6%r.iti%n$o %( ingr%'o $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% 7a!ia (a a$.i'i/n  (o' 'i't%.a' EGR $% .otor%' $i%'%( '% %n!%ntran !o.6(%ta.%nt% abi%rto' $rant% (a' !on$i!ion%' $% ra(%nt)& I.ag%n $% 0*(0(a EGR r%a( %n n .otor $% For$ Tar' +-; Motor "&- L&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina ? $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " "& '%n'or $% o>ig%no: %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no g%n%ra na '%Da( $% t%n'i/n $% a!%r$o a ' $i5%r%n!ia %n (a !anti$a$ $% o>ig%no $%ntro $% (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6% 4 $% %( air% at.o'5Hri!o ta.biHn %( %(%.%nto $% zir!onio ti%n% na 6art% %>6%'ta a (a !orri%nt% $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% 4 %( otro (a$o abi%rto a (a at.o'5%ra !a$a (a$o ti%n% n %(%!tro$o $% 6(atino ni$o a( %(%.%nto $% $i/>i$o $% zir!onio Ubi!a!i/n $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no&

Sigi%n$o a7ora !on (o' %(%!tro$o' $% 6(atino %((o' !on$!%n (a t%n'i/n g%n%ra$a (a !onta.ina!i/n o !orro'i/n $% (o' %(%!tro$o' $% 6(atino o %(%.%nto' $% !ir!onio r%$!%n (a 'a(i$a $% (a t%n'i/n& Imagen de operación de sensor de oxigeno.

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina  $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " Fn!iona.i%nto $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no: Can$o (a !anti$a$ $% o>ig%no $% (o' ga'%' %' a(ta (a t%n'i/n $% 'a(i$a $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no %' baa& Can$o (a !anti$a$ $% (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6% %' baa (a t%n'i/n $% 'a(i$a $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no %' a(ta& Con!(4%n$o !an$o .a4or '%a (a $i5%r%n!ia %n %( !ont%ni$o $% o>ig%no %ntr% (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6% 4 (a at.o'5%ra .a4or %' (a '%Da( $% t%n'i/n& I.ag%n $% '%n'or $% o>ig%no&

Con %( !ont%ni$o $% o>ig%no& La ECM no' 6%$% $%t%r.inar 'i (a r%(a!i/n $% air%!o.b'tib(% %' ri!a o 6obr% 4 a'ta$a (a .%z!(a $% !o.b'tib(% $% a!%r$o a %((o& Una .%z!(a ri!a !on'.% !a'i to$o %( o>ig%no (o K% no' g%n%rar)a na '%Da( $% t%n'i/n a(ta K% ir)a %n n rango $% -< a +&- 0o(t'& Una .%'!(a 6obr% ti%n% .*' o>ig%no $i'6onib(% $%'6H' $% 7ab%r r%a(iza$o (a !o.b'ti/n $% na .%z!(a ri!a 6or (o K% (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% %' bao -, a -+ 0o(t'& A7ora %n na .%z!(a %'t%Kio.%tri!a $% air%!o.b'tib(% +,=: + %( 0o(ta% $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no '%r* $% a6ro>i.a$a.%nt% $% -,8 0o(t'& R%6r%'%nta!i/n $% (o $%'!rito %n %'ta i.ag%n&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +- $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " 6%K%Do' !a.bio' %n (a r%(a!i/n air%!o.b'tib(% $%'$% %( 6nto %'t%K%o.%tri!o !a.bia $% 5or.a ra$i!a( (a '%Da( $% (a t%n'i/n  %'t% ti6o $% '%n'or $% o>ig%no '% r%3%r% a 0%!%' !o.o n '%n'or $% rango %'tr%!7o  4a K% no 6%$% $%t%!tar (o' 6%K%Do' !a.bio' %n %( !ont%ni$o $%( o $% o>ig%no $% %'!a6% K% '% 6ro$!%n 6or (o' !a.bio' %n (a .%z!(a air%!o.b'tib(%  ta.biHn (a ECM !ontina.%nt% no' agr%ga o Kita !o.b'tib(% 6ro$!i%n$o !i!(o' ri!o'  !i!(o' 6obr%'& Un a0i'o 6ara 'ab%r: 7a4 K% 'ab%r K% %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no %' !o.o n int%rr6tor !a$a 0%z K% (a r%(a!i/n $% air%!o.b'tib(% '% %n!%ntra %n (a %'t%Kio.%tria +,=:+ %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no !a.bia 4a '%a a a(ta o baa K%$a !o.o $%!ir(o %n 6nto n%tra( %n %'% 0a(or& E( '%n'or $% o>ig%no 'o(o no' g%n%ra na '%Da 6r%!i'a !an$o 7a a(!anza$o na t%.6%ratra .)ni.a $% 5n!iona.i%nto $% ,-- gra$o' C%('i' =8- gra$o' Fa7r%n7%it; 6ara 6o$%r !a(%ntar r*6i$a.%nt% %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no 4 6o$%r .ant%n%r(o !a(i%nt% %n !on$i!ion%' $% r%6o'o 4 baa !arga %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no ti%n% n !a(%nta$or in!or6ora$o %( !a( %'ta .an%a$o 6or (a ECM& I.ag%n $% !/.o 0aria %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina ++ $% ,-


Co.o r%0i'ar %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no& a4 .!7)'i.o' 5a!tor%' K% no' 6%$% o!a'ionar n .a( 5n!iona.i%nto $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no 6ara (o !a( %' .4 i.6ortant% ai'(ar 'i %' %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no %n 'i o a(g@n otro 5a!tor K% !a'a %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no a !o.6ortar'% $% na .an%ra anor.a( %' $%!ir in%'tab(%& Un '%n'or $% o>ig%no !onta.ina$o no no' 6ro$!ir* (a' t%n'ion%' !orr%!ta' 4 no '% %n!%n$%r* !orr%!ta.%nt%& A(gno' !o.6on%nt%' K% o!a'ionan K% %( '%n'or no' traba% .a( o no t%nga '%Da( 'on K% 6%$% %'tar !onta.ina$o !on r%5rig%rant% $%( .otor !on n !on'.o %>!%'i0o $% a!%it% a$iti0o' 'a$o' %n (o' '%((o' 4 a$iti0o' %n %( !o.b'tib(% o ga'o(ina& Can$o %( '%n'or no '% %n!%ntra .4 !onta.ina$o '% $i!% K% %( '%n'or %' oo $%bi$o a( ti%.6o K% n%!%'ita 6ara 6o$%r 6a'ar $% ri!o a 6obr% o 0i!%0%r'a %'to no' a5%!tara n%gati0a.%nt% (a' %.i'ion%' 4 6%$% 6ro$!ir 6rob(%.a' $% !on$!!i/n& Ta.biHn .!7o' 5a!tor%' 6%$%n a5%!tar %( 5n!iona.i%nto $%( '%n'or $% o>ig%no !o.o na 5ga $% 0a!)o na 5ga $% EGR (a 6r%'i/n %>!%'i0a $% !o.b'tib(% %t!& Ta.biHn %' .4 i.6ortant% K% %( '%n'or $% o>ig%no 4 (o' !ir!ito' $% !a(%5a!!i/n %(H!tri!a '% %n!%ntr%n %n b%na' !on$i!ion%' 4a K% $%.a'ia$a r%'i't%n!ia abr% 4 !orto' a ti%rra 6ro$!% 5a('a' '%Da(%' $% K% 7bi%ra t%n'i/n& A7ora 6ara 6o$%r giar'% .%or a( 6rob(%.a (o' !/$igo' $% 5a((a' o r%0i'ion%' b*'i!a' a4$aran a %n!ontrar %( 6rob(%.a&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina + $% ,-


,& '%n'or $% 6r%'i/n ab'o(ta MAP;: E( '%n'or MAP '% %n!%ntra %n (a 6art% %>t%rna $%( .otor $%'6H' $% (a .ari6o'a& S ob%ti0o %' %ntr%gar na '%Da( 6ro6or!iona( a (a 6r%'i/n %>i't%nt% %n (a tb%r)a $% a$.i'i/n !on r%'6%!to a (a 6r%'i/n at.o'5Hri!a .i$i%n$o (a 6r%'i/n ab'o(ta %>i't%nt% %n %( !o(%!tor $% a$.i'i/n& Para %((o' g%n%ra na '%Da( K% 6%$% '%r ana(/gi!a o $igita( r%%an$o (a $i5%r%n!ia %ntr% (a 6r%'i/n %n %( int%rior $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n 4 (a at.o'5%ra& La ECU 'a (a in5or.a!i/n $% %'t% '%n'or 6ara !a(!(ar (a !anti$a$ $% !o.b'tib(% a in4%!tar& I.ag%n $% '%n'or $% 6r%'i/n ab'o(ta&

En %( '%n'or $% 6r%'i/n ab'o(ta MAP; '% %n!%ntra n !7i6 $% 'i(i!io .onta$o %n ' int%rior $%ntro $% na !*.ara $% r%5%r%n!ia %n n (a$o $% %'% !7i6 %'ta na 6r%'i/n $% r%5%r%n!ia 4 %'a 6r%'i/n $% r%5%r%n!ia %' o bi%n n 0a!io 6%r5%!to o na 6r%'i/n !a(ibra$a $%6%n$i%n$o $% (a a6(i!a!i/n& Por %( otro (a$o %'t* (a 6r%'i/n a .%$ir 4 %( !7i6 $% 'i(i!io !a.bia ' r%'i't%n!ia !on (o' !a.bio' $% 6r%'i/n !an$o %( !7i6 $% 'i(i!io '% %>iona 6or %( !a.bio $% (a 6r%'i/n ' r%'i't%n!ia %(H!tri!a !a.bia 4 %'% !a.bio %n ' r%'i't%n!ia 7a!% 0ariar (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% %n (a ECM int%r6r%ta %( !a.bio %n %( 0o(ta% !o.o n !a.bio $% 6r%'i/n 4 !a(Ki%r !a.bio %n (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% 'igni3!a K% 7bo n !a.bio %n (a 6r%'i/n&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +" $% ,-


Ta.biHn (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n ti%n% na r%(a!i/n K% 0a $ir%!ta !on (a !arga $%( .otor (a ECM n%!%'ita !ono!%r (a 6r%'i/n %n %( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n 6ara !a(!(ar (a !anti$a$ $% !o.b'tib(% a in4%!tar !an$o %n!%n$%r %( !i(in$ro 4 otra' 5n!ion%' .*'& E( '%n'or MAP '% %n!%ntra $ir%!ta.%nt% %n %( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n o '% !o(o!a %n (a 6art% a(ta %n %( !o.6arti.i%nto $%( .otor 4 '% !on%!ta a( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n !on na .ang%ra $% 0a!)o a7ora %' .4 i.6ortant% K% (a .ang%ra $% 0a!io no t%nga $ob(%!%' 6ara n !orr%!to 5n!iona.i%nto&

E( '%n'or MAP 'a n 0a!io 6%r5%!to !o.o ' 6r%'i/n $% r%5%r%n!ia (a $i5%r%n!ia $% 6r%'i/n %ntr% (a 6r%'i/n $% 0a!)o 4 (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n !a.bia $% (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% %( '%n'or MAP !on0i%rt% (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n %n na '%Da( $% 0o(ta% PIM;& I.ag%n $% 6r%'i/n 0' 0o(ta% $%( '%n'or MAP !on5or.% in!r%.%nta (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% %'!a6% %( 0o(ta% a.%nta&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +, $% ,-


I.ag%n $%( !ir!ito $%( '%n'or MAP %n $on$% (a ECM .i$% %'ta '%Da( $% 0o(ta% %n %( t%r.ina( PIM 4 %'t% '%n'or r%!ib% 80o(t' $% (a ECM 6or (a ()n%a 9C  (a ti%rra 6ara %( '%n'or %' a tra0H' $% n a(a.br% a (a ECM 'a(.%nt% %( t%r.ina( E (a '%Da( PIM '%r* $% 80o(t' 'i %( !ab(% PIM %'ta $%'!on%!ta$o&

La '%Da( $% 0o(ta% $%( '%n'or MAP %' (a .*' a(ta !an$o (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n %' %( .a4or ((a0% $% 6o'i!i/n ON %( .otor a6aga$o o !an$o (a .ari6o'a '% abr% r%6%ntina.%nt%; (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% $%( '%n'or MAP %' (a .*' baa !an$o (a 6r%'i/n $%( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n %' %( .*' bao %n $%'a!%(%ra!i/n !on a!%(%ra$or !%rra$o& 2iagno'ti!o $%( '%n'or MAP& E( '%n'or MAP no' 6%$% o!a'ionar 0ario' 6rob(%.a' %n %( 0%7)!(o 4a K% %' no $% (o' '%n'or%' .*' i.6ortant% 6ara (a in4%!!i/n $% !o.b'tib(% 4 %( ti%.6o $% %n!%n$i$o&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +8 $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " R%0i'ar $% .an%ra 0i'a( %( '%n'or (a' !on%>ion%' 4 (a' .ang%ra' $% 0a!)o ta.biHn (a .ang%ra $% a'6ira!i/n $%b% %'tar (ibr% $% tor!%$ra' 5ga' ob'tr!!ion%' 4 !on%!ta$a %n ' 6%rto !orr%!to& E( 9C %( !ab(% $% 9C no' $%b% '.ini'trar a6ro>i.a$a.%nt% 8 0o(t' a( '%n'or MAP %( !ab(% ti%rra $% E no $%b% t%n%r ningna r%'i't%n!ia& Para (a !a(ibra!i/n $%( '%n'or 4 ' $%'%.6%Do '% !o.6r%ba a6(i!an$o $i'tinta' 6r%'ion%' 4 .i$i%n$o 4 !o.6aran$o (a !a)$a $% 0o(ta% !ontra (a %'6%!i3!a!i/n (a !a)$a $% 0o(ta% '% !a(!(a r%'tan$o %( 0o(ta% $% PIM $% (a t%n'i/n 9C&

8& in4%!tor $% !o.b'tib(%: In4%!tor $% !o.b'tib(%: %' %( %n!arga$o $% 6(0%rizar %n 5or.a $% a%ro'o( (a ga'o(ina 6ro!%$%nt% $% (a ()n%a $% 6r%'i/n $%ntro $%( !on$!to $% a$.i'i/n %' %n %'%n!ia n r%3na$a %(%!tro0*(0(a !a6az $% abrir'% 4 !%rrar'% .!7o' .i((on%' $% 0%!%' 'in %'!a6% $% !o.b'tib(% 4 K% r%a!!iona .4 r*6i$a.%nt% a( 6('o %(H!tri!o K% (o a!!iona& En %( $ibo K% a6ar%!% abao '% 6%$% r%6r%'%ntar n .otor $% 6i'ton%' $rant% (a !arr%ra $% a$.i'i/n& En (a !a( 7a4 K% ob'%r0ar (a 0*(0(a $% a$.i'i/n K% %'t* abi%rta 4 %( 6i't/n %n (a !arr%ra $% $%'!%n'o ingr%'an$o %( air%& I.ag%n $% in4%!tor $% !o.b'tib(% %n ' 5n!iona.i%nto&

P%'to %n %( !a.ino $% (a %ntra$a $% air% '% %n!%ntra %( in4%!tor $% !o.b'tib(% K% no %' .*' K% na 6%K%Da %(%!tro0*(0(a K% !an$o r%!ib% (a '%Da( %(H!tri!a a tra0H' $%(

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +< $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " !ab(% $% a(i.%nta!i/n '% abr% $%an$o 6a'ar $% .an%ra ato.atiza$a !o.o n a%ro'o( (a ga'o(ina a 6r%'i/n K% %' arra'tra$a a( int%rior $%( !i(in$ro 6or (a !orri%nt% $% air%& E( ti%.6o $% a6%rtra $%( in4%!tor a') !o.o (a 6r%'i/n %n (a K% '% %n!%ntra (a ga'o(ina $%t%r.ina (a !anti$a$ a in4%!tar %'o' $o' 5a!tor%' 6r%'i/n 4 ti%.6o $% a6%rtra a') !o.o %( .o.%nto %n K% '% r%a(iza 'on (o' K% 7a4 K% !ontro(ar !on 6r%!i'i/n 6ara 6o$%r obt%n%r na .%z!(a /6ti.a 6ara %( .otor& E( trabao $% (o' in4%!tor%' %' na .ara0i((a $% (a t%!no(og)a t%ni%n$o %n !%nta K%: Can$o n 6%K%Do .otor 5n!iona %n ra(%nt) %( 0o(.%n $% (a ga'o(ina in4%!ta$a %Ki0a(% a na !ab%za $% a(3(%r 4 (o 7a!% !on .!7)'i.a 6r%!i'i/n& E( ti%.6o K% ti%n% 6ara in4%!tar (a ga'o(ina !an$o %( .otor gira a na' ,--- RPM $% 'o(o ---"=8 '%gn$o' %' $%!ir a(go .*' $% " .i(H'i.a' $% '%gn$o' %n %'% ti%.6o $%b% abrir'% 4 !%rrar'% !on .!7a %>a!tit$&

Una i.ag%n $% n in4%!tor r%a(&

A') '% 0% n in4%!tor $% ga'o(ina r%a( %n K% 6%$% 0%r'% na bobina %(H!tri!a K% !an$o '% %n%rgiza (%0anta (a ar.a$ra K% no' 'b% (a aga 4 $%a abi%rto %( 6a'o $% !o.b'tib(% a (a tob%ra 6or $on$% 'a(% 6(0%riza$o na 0%z K% t%r.ina (a '%Da( %(H!tri!a

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina += $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " (a 6ro6ia 6r%'i/n $%( !o.b'tib(% no' %.6a (a ar.a$ra K% 5n!iona !o.o n 6i't/n 4 a6ri%ta (a aga !ontra %( a'i%nto !%rran$o (a 'a(i$a !o.6(%ta.%nt%& R%g(a$or $% 6r%'i/n: %( r%g(a$or $% 6r%'i/n .anti%n% %( !o.b'tib(% !o.o '% $i!% bao 6r%'i/n %n %( !ir!ito $% a(i.%nta!i/n in!('o %n (a' 0*(0(a' $% in4%!!i/n '% %n!%ntra in'ta(a$o %n %( tbo $i'tribi$or o %n %( !ir!ito nto !on (a bo.ba %' n r%g(a$or !on o $% r%torno K% no' garantiza 6r%'i/n ni5or.% 4 !on'tant% %n %( !ir!ito $% !o.b'tib(% (o K% 6%r.it% K% %( .otor t%nga n 5n!iona.i%nto 6%r5%!to %n to$o' (o' r%g).%n%' $% r%0o(!i/n& % '!%$% !an$o '% 'obr%6a'a (a 6r%'i/n %( r%g(a$or a!t@a a6(i!an$o na (ib%ra!i/n %n %( !ir!ito $% r%torno 4 %( !o.b'tib(% r%'tant% r%torna a( tanK% 'in 6r%'i/n& E't% $%b% '%r r%0i'a$o $%ta((a$a.%nt% 6or %( .%!*ni!o a !argo $% r%0i'i/n 4 .ant%n!i/n r%%.6(azan$o 'i 5%'% n%!%'ario $% (o !ontrario a( %'tar 5n!ionan$o .a( o in%'tab(%.%nt% %( .otor t%n$r* ' r%n$i.i%nto !o.6ro.%ti$o&

<& '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant% ECT;: %( '%n'or ECT r%'6on$% a (o' !a.bio' $% t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant% $%( .otor .%$iant% (a .%$i!i/n $% (a t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant% $%( .otor a (o !a( $% %'ta 5or.a (a ECM !ono!% (a t%.6%ratra .%$ia $%( .otor a7ora %( '%n'or ECT '%(% t%n%r ' bi!a!i/n %n n !a'o $%( r%5rig%rant% ant%' $%( t%r.o'tato %( ECT '% !on%!ta a (a t%r.ina( T %n (a ECM& E( '%n'or ECT %' .4 i.6ortant% 6ara .!7a' 5n!ion%' $% (a ECM !o.o (a in4%!!i/n $%( !o.b'tib(%  (o' ti%.6o' $% %n!%n$i$o 'in!roniza!i/n 0ariab(% $% 0*(0(a' !a.bio' $% tran'.i'i/n %t!& A7ora 'i%.6r% '% $%b% 0%ri3!ar K% %( .otor %'t% trabaan$o a (a t%.6%ratra $% 5n!iona.i%nto nor.a( 4 K% %( '%n'or ECT %n0iH na '%Da( 6r%!i'a $% t%.6%ratra a (a ECM& A 6%'ar K% (o' '%n'or%' .i$an !o'a' $i5%r%nt%' to$o' o6%ran $% (a .i'.a .an%ra $% (a '%Da( $% 0o(ta% $%( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra (a PCM 'ab% (a t%.6%ratra a .%$i$a K% (a t%.6%ratra $%( '%n'or '% !a(i%nt% (a '%Da( $% t%n'i/n $i'.in4% (a $i'.in!i/n $% (a t%n'i/n %' !a'a$a 6or (a $i'.in!i/n $% (a r%'i't%n!ia 4 %( !a.bio %n (a r%'i't%n!ia 7a!% K% (a '%Da( $% t%n'i/n !aiga& E( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra '% !on%!ta %n '%ri% a na r%'i't%n!ia $% 0a(or 3a %( ECM '.ini'tra 8 0o(t' 6ara %( !ir!ito 4 no' .i$% (a 0aria!i/n $% 0o(ta% %ntr% (a r%'i't%n!ia $% 0a(or 3o 4 %( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra& Can$o %( '%n'or '% %n!%ntra 5rio (a r%'i't%n!ia $%( '%n'or %' a(ta 4 (a '%Da( $% t%n'i/n %' a(ta a .%$i$a K% %( '%n'or '% !a(i%nta  (a r%'i't%n!ia '% $i'.in4% 4 $i'.in4% (a t%n'i/n

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina +? $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " $% (a '%Da(  %( ECM 6%$% $%t%r.inar (a t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant%  air% $% a$.i'i/n o $% (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6%& A7ora %( !ab(% ti%rra $% (o' '%n'or%' $% t%.6%ratra %'ta 'i%.6r% !on%!ta$o a (a ECU g%n%ra(.%nt% %n %( t%r.ina( E 4 %'to' '%n'or%' '% !(a'i3!an !o.o t%r.i'tor%'& S%n'or ECT i.ag%n $% ' !ir!ito&

2iagno'ti!o $%( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra& Pro!%$i.i%nto' 6ara 6robar %( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra: S% (%' 6r%ba: Q!ir!ito' abi%rto'& Q!orto !ir!ito'& QT%n'i/n& Qr%'i't%n!ia $%( '%n'or& Un !ir!ito abi%rto $% a(ta r%'i't%n!ia; (%%r* (a t%.6%ratra .*' 5r)a 6o'ib(%& Un !ir!ito !orto $% baa r%'i't%n!ia; (%%r* (a t%.6%ratra .*' a(ta 6o'ib(%& A7ora !on %( $iagno'ti!o %' ai'(ar % i$%nti3!ar %( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $%( !ir!ito 4 (a ECM& A(ta r%'i't%n!ia %n %( !ir!ito $% t%.6%ratra 7ar* K% (a ECM no' $%t%!t% na t%.6%ratra .*' 5r)a $% (o K% r%a(.%nt% %' !o.o 6or %%.6(o: E( .otor '% 0a !a(%ntan$o (a r%'i't%n!ia $% (a ECT $i'.in4% 6%ro na r%'i't%n!ia no $%'%a$a a$i!iona( %n %( !ir!ito 6ro$!ir* na !a)$a $% t%n'i/n .a4or 4 (o .*' 6robab(% %' K% %'to '% not% !an$o %( .otor ((%g% a ' t%.6%ratra $% 5n!iona.i%nto nor.a(& R%'i't%n!ia a$i!iona( %n (a t%.6%ratra .*' a(ta 6%$% !a'ar K% (a ECM $%t%!t% (a t%.6%ratra $%( .otor %' $% a6ro>i.a$a.%nt% $% - gra$o' Fa7r%n7%it .*' 5r)a K% (a t%.6%ratra r%a( 4 %'to' no' 7ar* K% %( .otor t%nga n 6obr% r%n$i.i%nto a5%!tara (a %!ono.)a $% !o.b'tib(% 4 6o'ib(%.%nt% %( 'obr%!a(%nta.i%nto $%( .otor&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina + $% ,-


I.ag%n $% 6r%ba $% n '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra gra3!a$o&

=& '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or TPS;: %( '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or TPS %' n 6ot%n!i/.%tro n r%'i'tor 0ariab(% !on 0aria$o' .o$%(o' & La ECM '.ini'tra %( 0o(ta% 4 ti%rra a( '%n'or a (o !a( %( '%n'or ti%n% na 6i%za $% ti6o rotati0o o $% ti6o (in%a( 4 'i %'t* 6%'to %n %( .otor (a 6i%za 0i%n% a!o6(a$a a( a!%(%ra$or $% .an%ra K% '% .%0an nto'& E( '%n'or no' %n0)a na '%Da( $% 0o(ta% a (a ECM in$i!an$o (a 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or 4 (a '%Da( '% a.%nta !an$o '% abr% %( a!%(%ra$or& La ECU 'a (a 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or 6ara 6o$%r $%t%r.inar %( %'ta$o $% o6%ra!i/n& N%tro a!%(%ra$or !%rra$o; !r!%ro 6ar!ia(.%nt% %n n%tro; o a!%(%ra!i/n int%n'a a!%(%ra$or .4 abi%rto; 4 %nton!%' 6%$% !ontro(ar a$%!a$a.%nt% (a' .%z!(a' $% air%!o.b'tib(% a0an!% $%( %n!%n$i$o 0%(o!i$a$ %n n%tro %t!& 2%'!ri6!i/n $%( '%n'or TPS: %' n 6ot%n!i/.%tro K% (% %n0)a a (a ECM na '%Da(  (a !a( (% in$i!a %n KH 6o'i!i/n '% %n!%ntra (a .ari6o'a $% a!%(%ra!i/n& I.ag%n $% '%n'or TPS&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina - $% ,-


E( '%n'or TPS !%nta !on n !on%!tor $% " t%r.ina(%'& Lo' !a(%' 'on (o' 'igi%nt%' a no.brar&  89  S%Da(  Ti%rra Lo' !a(%' '% 6%$%n 0%r %n (a i.ag%n&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina + $% ,-


Nor.a(.%nt% (o' t%r.ina(%' $% (o' %>tr%.o' 'on %( 0o(ta% $% a(i.%nta!i/n 4 (a ti%rra 4 %( t%r.ina( $%( !%ntro %' (a '%Da( $% r%5%r%n!ia& E( 0o(ta% $% a(i.%nta!i/n $%( '%n'or %' 6or (o g%n%ra( $% no' 80o(t' 6ara !a(Ki%r .ar!a $% 0%7)!(o& S bi!a!i/n t)6i!a $%( '%n'or TPS '% %n!%ntra g%n%ra(.%nt% 'obr% %( %>t%rior $%( ar.az/n $%( a!%(%ra$or 4 !on%!ta$o a( %% $%( a!%(%ra$or& I.ag%n $on$% '% 6%$% 0%r ' bi!a!i/n g%n%ra( %n %( .otor&

S)nto.a' $% 5a((a' $%( '%n'or& Can$o %( .otor no' $a a(g@n ')nto.a $% .a( 5n!iona.i%nto 6ara $ar $%$!!i/n K% %' 6rob(%.a $%( TPS 7a4 K% 0%r %'to' ')nto.a' $% 5a((a& Q.ar!7a .)ni.a $% .an%ra in%'tab(%& Q'% %n!i%n$% %( !7%! %ngin%& Qa(on%o $%( .otor& Q6Hr$i$a $% 6ot%n!ia&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina  $% ,-


C/$igo' $%( '!ann%r & Can$o no' 5a((a %( '%n'or TPS %( '!ann%r no' r%6orta (o 'igi%nt%& C/$igo OB2 (( $%'!ri6!i/n P-+ 9o(ta% bao $%( '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or TPS;& P-+" A& 9o(ta% a(to $%( '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( a!%(%ra$or TPS; P+8 No ((%ga 8&-9 REF a( '%n'or TPS& Nota: E'to' !/$igo' 6%rt%n%!%n a (o' 0%7)!(o' C7r4'(%r N%/n Q Strat' RT Q Cirr'& R%0i'i/n 4 .ant%ni.i%nto $%( '%n'or TPS& R%0i'ar(o !a$a -&--- . (o 'igi%nt%& % %( !ab(%a$o no %'tH $%5%!to'o abi%rto o %n !orto !ir!ito 4 %n !a'o n%!%'ario r%.6(azar(o& % %( arnH' no '% %n!%ntr% K%bra$o o>i$a$o o '(5ata$o 4 %n !a'o n%!%'ario r%%.6(azar(o& I.ag%n $% !/.o %%r!%r (a r%0i'i/n $%( '%n'or TPS %n $i'tinta' .ar!a' $% 0%7)!(o'&

?& 0*(0(a 'o(%noi$%: La 0*(0(a $% 'o(%noi$% %' n $i'6o'iti0o K% o6%ra %(H!tri!a.%nt% 4 %' ti(iza$o 6ara !ontro(ar %( o $% ()Ki$o' o ga'%' %n 6o'i!i/n !o.6(%ta.%nt% abi%rta o !o.6(%ta.%nt% !%rra$a& La 0*(0(a $% 'o(%noi$% 6%$% 'ar'% 6ara !ontro(ar %( o $% .!7o' i$o' $i5%r%nt%' $*n$o(% (a $%bi$a !on'i$%ra!i/n a (a' 6r%'ion%' 4 t%.6%ratra' in0o(!ra$a' (a 0i'!o'i$a$ $%( i$o 4 (a a$a6tabi(i$a$ $% (o' .at%ria(%' 'a$o' %n (a !on'tr!!i/n $% (a 0*(0(a&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina " $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " Una 0*(0(a $% 'o(%noi$% !on'i't% $% $o' 6art%' a!!ionant%' $i5%r%nt%' 6%ro int%gra(%' (a' !a(%' 'on: Un 'o(%noi$% bobina %(H!tri!a; E( !%r6o $% (a 0*(0(a& I.ag%n $% 0*(0(a 'o(%noi$% $% !ar*!t%r g%n%ra(&

La 0*(0(a $% 'o(%noi$% %' na 0*(0(a K% '% !i%rra 6or gra0%$a$ 6or 6r%'i/n o 6or (a a!!i/n $% n r%'ort% 4 %' abi%rta 6or %( .o0i.i%nto $% n H.bo(o o6%ra$o 6or (a a!!i/n .agnHti!a $% na bobina %n%rgiza$a %(H!tri!a.%nt% o a( r%0H'&

E>i't%n na a.6(ia 0ari%$a$ $% ti6o' $% 0*(0(a' 'o(%noi$% (o' !a(%' '% 6%$%n $i0i$ir $% a!%r$o a ' a6(i!a!i/n ' !on'tr!!i/n 4 ' 5or.a& La' 0*(0(a' 'o(%noi$% 6%$%n $i0i$ir'% $% .an%ra g%n%ra( %n $o' ti6o': 2% a!!i/n $ir%!ta

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina , $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " O6%ra$a' 6or 6i(oto& Ta.biHn Por ' 5or.a 7a4 tr%' ti6o' $% 0*(0(a' 'o(%noi$% $% 'o !o.@n: Q 2% $o' 0)a' Q 2% tr%' 0)a' Q 2% !atro 0)a' o r%0%r'ib(%'& I.ag%n $% ti6o' $% 0*(0(a' 'o(%noi$%'&

& '%n'or 6o'i!i/n $%( !ig%Da( CP;: %' n '%n'or $% %5%!to 7a(( K% no' !a6ta %( n.%ro 4 '%!%n!ia' $% (a' ranra' K% %'t*n %n %( 6(ato $%( !on0%rti$or $% tor'i/n $%t%!tan$o $% %'a .an%ra (a 0%(o!i$a$ $%( .otor 4 nto !on %( $ato $%( '%n'or $%( *rbo( $% (%0a' CMP; (a ECU biK% (a 6o'i!i/n $%( 6i't/n %n !a$a !i(in$ro 4 (a g%n%ra!i/n $% !7i'6a % in4%!!i/n 6%$a '%r 'in!roniza$a %n %( .o.%nto %n K% %( 6i't/n %'t% %n ' !arr%ra $% !o.6r%'i/n  %n a(gno' !a'o' 'i %( .otor ti%n% $i'tribi$or %( '%n'or CP %'t* bi!a$o $%ntro $% %( 4 %n

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina 8 $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " !a'o !ontrario %( '%n'or %'t* (o!a(iza$o atr*' $%( .otor $%( (a$o $%r%!7o %n (a 6art% in5%rior $%( .onob(o! %n $ir%!!i/n $% (a !r%.a((%ra & I.ag%n $% bi!a!i/n '%n'or CP&

E( '%n'or CP S%n'or $% Po'i!i/n $%( Cig%Da(; ti%n% n i.*n 6%r.an%nt% K% in$!% n !a.6o .agnHti!o a tra0H' $%( !a( '% (% a6(i!a na !orri%nt% $% 80o(t' %'t% !a.6o .agnHti!o 4 %'ta !orri%nt% 'on int%rr.6i$a' !a$a 0%z K% n $i%nt% $%( 0o(ant% $%( !ig%Da( 6a'a !%r!a $%( i.*n $%( '%n'or %nton!%' (a '%Da( $% 80 %' int%rr.6i$a 0aria' 0%!%' (o K% g%n%ra na '%Da( $% 5r%!%n!ia K% 0a $% (o' - 0o(t' a (o' 8 0o(t' 4 %'ta '%Da( $% 5r%!%n!ia (a int%r6r%ta (a ECU !o.o (a' r%0o(!ion%' $%( 0o(ant% 4 6or %n$% (a 6o'i!i/n $% (o' 6i'ton%'& Can$o %( '%n'or 6o'i!i/n $%( !ig%Da( CP; %' $% ti6o 5oto%(H!tri!o ti%n%n na 6(a!a rotor 4 n !ir!ito g%n%ra$or $% on$a'& La 6(a!a $%( rotor ti%n% "<- ranra' 6ara '%Da(%' $% + 4 , ranra' 6ara '%Da(%' $% +?-& Lo' $io$o' %.i'or%' $% (z L&E&2&; 4 (o' 5oto$io$o' %'t*n a(oa$o' %n n !ir!ito g%n%ra$or $% on$a' Can$o (a 6(a!a $%( rotor 6a'a 6or %( %'6a!io %ntr% %( LE2 4 %( 5oto$io$o (a' ranra' $% (a 6(a!a rotor !ortan !ontina.%nt% (a (z tra'.iti$a $%( LE2 a( 5oto$io$o& E'ta o6%ra!i/n g%n%ra n 0o(ta% a(t%rno %( !a( !on0i%rt% %n 6('o' $% !ort% 4 !i%rr% %n %( !ir!ito 5or.a$or $% on$a' g%n%ran$o na '%Da( $% 5r%!%n!ia K% 0a $% (o' - 0o(t' a (o' 8 0o(t' 4 a (a 0%z %' %n0ia$a a (a ECU&

2%'!ri6!i/n $%( '%n'or CP

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina < $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " E( '%n'or CP %' n $i'6o'iti0o $% %5%!to a(( K% r%gi'tra (a 0%(o!i$a$ $%( .otor 4 (a 6o'i!i/n $%( !ig%Da(& La !o.6ta$ora ti(iza %'ta in5or.a!i/n 6ara $%t%r.inar %( 6('o $% in4%!!i/n 4 (a 'in!roniza!i/n $% (a !7i'6a& Ubi!a!i/n $%( '%n'or CP& Si %( .otor ti%n% $i'tribi$or %nton!%' %( '%n'or CP %'t* bi!a$o $%ntro $% H( %n !a'o !ontrario %'t* (o!a(iza$o %n (a 6art% in5%rior $%( .onob(o! %n $ir%!!i/n $% (a !r%.a((%ra& I.*g%n%' '%n'or CP&

E( '%n'or CMP '%n'or $% 6o'i!i/n $%( *rbo( $% (%0a'; %' n $i'6o'iti0o $% %5%!to a(( K% (%% (a' ranra' 7%!7a' %n %( %ngran% $%( %% $% (%0a' 6ara K% (a !o.6ta$ora i$%nti3K% (a 6o'i!i/n $% (a' 0*(0(a' 4 'in!roni!% (a a!ti0a!i/n '%!%n!ia( $% (o' in4%!tor%'& La ECU 'a (o' $ato' $% (o' '%n'or%' CP 4 CMP 6ara $%t%r.inar (a 'in!roniza!i/n $% (a !7i'6a 4 $% (o' in4%!tor%'& E't% '%n'or g%n%ra(.%nt% '% (o!a(iza %n %( %>tr%.o $% (a !ab%za $%( .otor 4 %' ti(iza$o %n 0%7)!(o' $% %n!%n$i$o !o.6tariza$o 'in $i'tribi$or 4 !on 'i't%.a 5%( In%!ti/n& E( '%n'or CP 4 CMP 6%$%n t%n%r  t%r.ina(%' na '%Da( $% r%5%r%n!ia REF 4 n 0o(ta% $% a(i.%nta!i/n 4 (a ti%rra %' %( !%r6o $%( '%n'or; o " 6nta' na '%Da( $% r%5%r%n!ia %( 0o(ta% $% a(i.%nta!i/n 4 (a ti%rra;& Can$o %( '%n'or CP 4o %( '%n'or CMP 5a((an 6ro0o!an K% %( 0%7)!(o no %n!i%n$a %n!%n$i%n$o in.%$iata.%nt% (a (z t%'tigo $% C7%! Engin% 4a K% (a ECU no 6%$% $%t%r.inar (a 6o'i!i/n $% (o' 6i'ton%' ni (a 6o'i!i/n $% (a' 0*(0(a' 4 6or (o tanto no 'abr* !an$o .an$ar (a !7i'6a 4 %( 6('o $% in4%!!i/n 4a K% 'i %( 0%7)!(o !ontina !on %( 6ro!%'o $% %n!%n$i$o (a' !ab%za' $%( 6i't/n (a' bi%(a' %( !ig%Da( 4 (a' 0*(0(a' '% !o(a6'aran (o K% 6%r$i!ar)a gra0%.%nt% a( .otor&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina = $% ,-


+-& B)a' La b)a $%'%.6%Da %( 6a6%( 5n$a.%nta( %n %( 'i't%.a $% %n!%n$i$o $%( .otor& E' %( %n!arga$o $% %n!%n$%r (a .%z!(a $%ntro $% (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n %( !a( g%n%ra (a !7i'6a 6ara (a 5a'% $% %>6(o'i/n $%( V!i!(o ottoW& S' !o.6on%nt%' 'on (a' 'igi%nt%':

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina ? $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " ++& !on0%rti$or !ata()ti!o: %' n $i'6o'iti0o K% 5or.a 6art% $%( 'i't%.a $% !ontro( $% %.i'ion%' $%( 0%7)!(o no' a4$a a $i'.inir !a'i a !%ro (o' %(%.%nto' no!i0o' $% (o' ga'%' $% %'!a6% $% n 0%7)!(o& S% !o.6on%n $% n 6ana( 6r%5%r%nt%.%nt% 7%!7o $% !%r*.i!a !on in!r'ta!ion%' $% 6art)!(a' $% .%ta(%' 6r%!io'o' !o.o %( 6(atino 6a(a$io 4 ro$io (a' %.i'ion%' !onta.inant%' r%a!!ionan !on (o' .%ta(%' 6r%!io'o' 4 %( !a(or tran'5or.*n$o'% a ') .i'.o' %n aga bi/>i$o $% !arbono 4 otro' !o.6%'to' ino5%n'i0o' E( !ata(iza$or r%Ki%r% $% !a(or $% !o.b'ti/n a6ro>i.a$o a <- gra$o' C%('i' 6ara 6o$%r a!ti0ar'% o $%'a!ti0ar'% 4 a tra0H' $% (a' r%a!!ion%' K).i!a' K% '% 6ro$!%n %n ' int%rior aDa$%n !a(or a( 'i't%.a $% %'!a6%& I.ag%n $% !on0%rti$or !ata()ti!o %n ' trabao&

Co.o '% r%$!%n o $i'.in4%n (o' !onta.inant%' %n n !on0%rti$or !ata()ti!o& En (o' 0%7)!(o' .o$%rno' %'t*n %Ki6a$o' !on !on0%rti$or%' !ata()ti!o' $% tr%' 0)a' 7a!i%n$o r%5%r%n!ia a (o' tr%' !onta.inant%' K% $%b% r%$!ir  CO  C 4 NOX ; %( !on0%rti$or 'a $o' ti6o' $% !ata(iza$or%' no $% r%$!!i/n 4 otro $% o>i$a!i/n a.bo' !on'i't%n $% na %'tr!tra !%r*.i!a !bi%rta !on .%ta( nor.a(.%nt% 6(atino ro$io 4 6a(a$io  (a i$%a %' !r%ar na %'tr!tra K% %>6onga a( .*>i.o (a '6%r3!i% $%( !ata(iza$or !ontra %( o $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% $i'.in4%n$o ta.biHn (a !anti$a$ $% !ata(iza$or r%K%ri$o 4a K% %' .4 !o'to'o&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina  $% ,-


I.ag%n $% !on0%rti$or !ata()ti!o %n ' int%rior 4 !o.o %' (a !o.6o'i!i/n $% '' .at%ria(%' 6ara $i'.inir (o' ni0%(%' $% CO  C 4 NOX &

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "- $% ,-


+&'%n'or $% go(6%t%o S;: %( '%n'or $% go(6%t%o S %' na 6i%za $% .at%ria( 6i%zo %(H!tri!o %( !a( 0a .onta$o %n n ar.az/n $% .%ta( 4 '% bi!a %n (a 6art% baa $%( 6(%no $% a$.i'i/n in5or.an$o %( ni0%( $% 6i'ton%o $%( .otor & Si %>i't% .!7o 6i'ton%o %' $aDino a( .otor 4a K% in$i!a K% %( ti%.6o %'t* .4 a$%(anta$o %' i.6ortant% K% %( a0an!% '%a r%tar$a$o 7a'ta K% $%'a6ar%z!a %( 6i'ton%o 6ara K% %( .otor 5n!ion% (o .%or 6o'ib(% 4 'in $aDo' .%!*ni!o' 4 %( '%n'or S ti%n% g%n%ra(.%nt% n !on%!tor $% + a  !ab(%'&

2%'!ri6!i/n $%( '%n'or S E( '%n'or S 'ir0% 6ara $%t%!tar (a %>6(o'i/n o $%tona!i/n K% %>i't% %n (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n %n0ian$o na '%Da( a (a !o.6ta$ora 6ara a'tar %( ti%.6o $% %n!%n$i$o& I.ag%n $%( '%n'or $% go(6%t%o S; %n ' 5or.a r%a(&

Ubi!a!i/n t)6i!a E( '%n'or S g%n%ra(.%nt% '% %n!%ntra %nro'!a$o %n %( .onob(o! 4 %n (o' 0%7)!(o' C7r4'(%r '% %n!%ntra %n %( M@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n 4a K% %' n .o$%(o $% 0%7)!(o K% !%nta !on !on%>ion%' .*' in$%6%n$i%nt%' no r%%a$a' !o.o %n (a .a4or)a $% (a' .ar!a'&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "+ $% ,-


I.ag%n $% bi!a!i/n '%n'or $% go(6%t%o S; %n %( .otor&

S)nto.a' $% 5a((a' %n %( '%n'or S & Can$o %( '%n'or S 5a((a 6ro0o!a (o 'igi%nt%:  E>6(o'ion%' a( a!%(%rar  Mar!7a .)ni.a in%'tab(%  PHr$i$a $% 6ot%n!ia  6i'ton%o  Pr%n$% (a (z C7%! Engin%  A(to !on'.o $% !o.b'tib(%&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina " $% ,-


+"& '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $% air% a'6ira$o ACT: %' no $% (o' '%n'or%' .4 i.6ortant%' 4a K% a( t%n%r 6rob(%.a' o 5a((a' no' 6%$%n g%n%rar tiron%o' 'obr% to$o %n !(i.a' 5r)o' a (o !a( ta.biHn (a ECU (o 'a 6ara 6o$%r !o.6robar (a ra!iona(i$a$ $% (a' .%$i$a' !on5ront*n$o(o !on %( CTS 4a K% 6or %%.6(o a.bo' '%n'or%' no' $%b%r)an 6ro$!ir (a .i'.a t%n'i/n $% 'a(i$a %n n .otor 5rio& I.ag%n $% '%n'or ACT&

Ubi!a!i/n $%( '%n'or ACT: '% %n!%ntra %n %( $!to $% 6(*'ti!o $% (a a$.i'i/n $%( air% o 5or.an$o n 'o(o !%r6o !on %( '%n'or MAF 6%$% %'tar ta.biHn %n %( 3(tro $% air% o 5%ra $%( ant%' $%( !%r6o $% a!%(%ra!i/n& Ti6o $% '%n'or: %' n t%r.i'tor& S 5n!iona.i%nto: no' .i$% (a t%.6%ratra $%( air% %n %( .@(ti6(% $% a$.i'i/n (a r%'i't%n!ia $%( '%n'or !a.bia a( 'bir (a t%.6%ratra (a ECU r%!ib% %'t% !a.bio .%$iant% na '%Da( 4 a'ta (a $ra!i/n $%( 6('o $%( in4%!tor 4 (a .%z!(a $%( !o.b'tib(%& Mi$i%n$o (a t%.6%ratra $%( air% $% a$.i'i/n %' 6o'ib(% $%t%r.inar !on %>a!tit$ (a .a'a $% air% K% %' a'6ira$a a$%.*' $% %((o %' 6o'ib(% a$a6tar (o' 0a(or%' t%/ri!o' 6ara (o' !ir!ito' r%g(a$or%' a (a t%.6%ratra $%( air% !o.o 6or %%.6(o (a r%troa(i.%nta!i/n $% ga'%' $% %'!a6% 4 (a r%g(a!i/n $% (a 6r%'i/n $% 'obr%a(i.%nta!i/n 4 %( .arg%n $% t%.6%ratra '% 'it@a %n %( rango $% Q,-C a +- C&

S' S)nto.a' $% 5a((a' 'on: La (z V!7%! %ngin% W '% %n!i%n$% !ontina.%nt%& E( ato./0i( 4 %( .otor '% !o.6(i!an a( %n!%n$%r g%n%ran$o n ra(%nt) in%'tab(%& Bao r%n$i.i%nto 4 ga'to %>!%'i0o $% !o.b'tib(%& In!r%.%nto $% %.i'ion%' !onta.inant%'&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "" $% ,-


Ubi!a!i/n $% '%n'or ACT %n %( .otor&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina ", $% ,-


+,& 9*(0(a': Son (o' %n!arga$o' %n (a a6%rtra 4 !i%rr% %n (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n $on$% ingr%'a o>)g%no 4 !o.b'tib(% 4 %>6('a (o' ga'%' $%'6H' $% 7ab%r !.6(i$o %( !i!(o $% igni!i/n gra!ia' a (a a4$a $% (o' !a.on%' $%( *rbo( $% (%0a'&

+8& Ani((o' $%( 6i't/n: Lo' ani((o' $% 6i't/n %'t*n $i'%Da$o' 6ara .ant%n%r (a 6r%'i/n $%( !i(in$ro 4 (a !o.b'ti/n $% n ato./0i(& E'to %0ita K% !a(Ki%r a!%it% 6%n%tr% %n (a !*.ara $% !o.b'ti/n& Lo' ani((o' $% 6i't/n 5n!ionan %n !o.bina!i/n !on (a' g)a' 4 '%((o' $% (a 0*(0(a 6ara !ontro(ar !a(Ki%ra $% (o' !a.bio' tHr.i!o' $%( .otor& Conti%n%n tr%' ani((o' $i5%r%nt%' 4 to$o' %gan n 6a6%( i.6ortant% %n 7a!%r 5n!ionar %( .otor $%( 0%7)!(o& Ani((o '6%rior E( ani((o '6%rior $% !o.6r%'i/n a4$a a 7a!%r K% (o' ani((o' $% 6i't/n 5n!ion%n 6orK% $rant% %( 6ro!%'o $% !o.b'ti/n no 6%r.it%n K% '% 6i%r$a ningna 6r%'i/n& E( ani((o $% !o.6r%'i/n .anti%n% !a(Ki%r a.%nto $% 6r%'i/n !an$o %( 6i't/n %n %( .otor '% abr% 6a'o a (a 6art% '6%rior $%( r%!orri$o& Una .%z!(a %' %n!%n$i$a !an$o %( 6i't/n ((%ga a (a 6art% '6%rior 4 (a 6r%'i/n '% %(%0a 6ara tra%r %( 6i't/n $% n%0o 7a!ia abao& Lo' ani((o' $% 6i't/n 'on !a6a!%' $% !ontro(ar %'ta 6r%'i/n 4a K% %( ani((o '6%rior a!t@a !o.o na barr%ra 4 tran'3%r% !a(Ki%r !a(or a tra0H' $% (a 6ar%$ $%( !i(in$ro S%gn$o ani((o E( '%gn$o ani((o o $% !o.6r%'i/n '%!n$aria %'t* $i'%Da$o $% .an%ra 'i.i(ar a( ani((o '6%rior& P%r.it% K% (o' ga'%' !a(i%nt%' 6%n%tr%n %n %( a!%it% $%( !*rt%r a tra0H' $% (a 6ar%$ $%( !i(in$ro& Can$o %'to '!%$% %' ((a.a$o go(6% 4 a4$a a

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "8 $% ,-

INGENIERIA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ Y AUTOTRÓNICA PROF: Santiago Boza Laboratorio Atotroni!a " .%z!(ar %( a!%it% !on (a' 6art)!(a' $% !arb/n& E'to a.%nta %( ni0%( $% *!i$o 4 7a!% %( a!%it% .*' !a(i%nt% 4 .*' r*6i$o %( 6ro!%'o $% o>i$a!i/n& E'to 6ro0o!a na $%'a!%(%ra!i/n $%( a!%it% $% (bri!a!i/n 4 %0ita K% (a' 6art)!(a' $% !arbono '%an ti(iza$a' 5%ra $% (a' 6art%' $%( .otor& E( '%gn$o ani((o %' ta.biHn !ono!i$o !o.o %( ani((o ra'!a$or $% a!%it% (o K% %5%!ti0a.%nt% .ini.iza !a(Ki%r a!%it% a!.(*n$o'% %ntr% %( ani((o $% !o.6r%'i/n 4 %( $% a!%it%& Ani((o a!%it%ro Lo' ani((o' $% a!%it% 5n!ionan !on %( 6i't/n %n %( .otor 6ara (bri!ar (a' 6ar%$%' $% (o' !i(in$ro' (o' 6i'ton%' (o' ani((o' 4 (o' 6a'a$or%' $% .D%!a 'in %ntrar %n %( 6ro!%'o $% !o.b'ti/n& Lo' ani((o' $% a!%it% a4$an a( !ontro( $% (a t%.6%ratra 4a K% %n5r)an %( 6i't/n $irigi%n$o %( a!%it% a tra0H' $% H(&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "< $% ,-


+=& 0*(0(a IAC: La 0*(0(a IAC I$(% Air Contro(; '% %n!arga $% 6ro6or!ionar %( air% n%!%'ario 6ara %( 5n!iona.i%nto %n .ar!7a (%nta& E'tan$o %( .otor %n .ar!7a (%nta (a !anti$a$ $% air% K% 6a'a 6or (a .ari6o'a $% a!%(%ra!i/n %' .4 6o!o 4 (a 0*(0(a IAC 6ro6or!iona %( r%'to $%( air% 6or n !on$!to& E( rotor ti%n% ro'!a %n ' int%rior 4 %( 0*'tago $% (a 0*(0(a '% %nro'!a %n %( rotor& Si %( rotor gira %n n '%nti$o %( 0*'tago 'a($r* !%rran$o %( o $%( air% 4 'i gira %n %( otro '%nti$o %( 0*'tago '% r%tra%r* a.%ntan$o %( o& Ti%n% , t%r.ina(%' !on%!ta$a' a( ECM 6ara K% H't% !ontro(% %( .otor $% (a IAC $%6%n$i%n$o $% (a !anti$a$ $% air% K% n%!%'it% 6ara (a .ar!7a (%nta a.%ntan$o o r%'tringi%n$o %( o $%( air%& Lo' %.bobina$o' $%( .otor $% (a IAC no $%b%n t%n%r .%no' $% - O7.io' 4a K% 'i ti%n%n .%no' '% $%t%riora %( ECM&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "= $% ,-


Prob(%.a' $% $iagn/'ti!o .*' !o.n%' %n %( 6an%(& +& Uno $% (o' 6rob(%.a' K% .*' !o.@n no' '!%$)a %' 5a(ta $% 6ot%n!ia K%.a $%.a'ia$o !o.b'tib(% 4 r%g(a br'!a.%nt%& A (o !a( r%0i'*ba.o' %( '%n'or $% t%.6%ratra $%( r%5rig%rant%; .i$i%n$o (a t%n'i/n %n (o' born%' $%( '%n'or K% no' $aba - 0o(t';  $%'6H' .%$ir (a r%'i't%n!ia $%( '%n'or !orto !ir!ito; a (o K% ((%g*ba.o' a !on!(ir K% '% $%b)a !a.biar %( '%n'or K% g%n%raba !orto !ir!ito 4 r%0i'ar %( !orr%!to 5n!iona.i%nto $%( 'i't%.a $% r%5rig%ra!i/n& & Fa(ta 6ot%n!ia ni0%( $% NOX a(to %n %'% 6rob(%.a r%0i'a.o' (a 6(0%riza!i/n 6ar!ia( $%'6H' .%$ia.o' (a t%n'i/n $% %ntra$a a (o' in4%!tor%' + 0o(t';  $%'6H' '%g)a.o' !on r%0i'ar (a '%Da( $% (a ECM a (o' in4%!tor%' K% %'taba bi%n  $%'6H' .%$ia.o' (a 6r%'i/n $% !o.b'tib(% %n 6an%( 4 %'taba bi%n  a (o K% !on!()a.o' K% (a 6r%'i/n 4 (a '%Da( 'on (a' nor.a(%'  4a r%0i'an$o to$o (o K% 0i.o' !on!()a.o' K% %( in4%!tor %'taba obtra$o '% $%b)a (i.6iar o !a.biar& "& E' $i5)!i( 6o$%r $ar arranK% a( .otor (% 5a(ta 6ot%n!ia 4 ' $%'%.6%Do %' 6obr% (a' r%0i'ion%' K% 7a!%.o' 0%ri3!ar (o' a't%' $% a0an!% $% %n!%n$i$o (o' !a(%' %ran nor.a(%' .%$ia.o' (a 'a(i$a $%( '%n'or MAP %( !a( %ra bao '%g)a.o' !on .%$ir (a 'a(i$a $%( '%n'or MAP %( !a( %ra a(to $%*n$ono' 4a 'abi%n$o K% %( '%n'or %'taba %n !orto !ir!ito ((%gan$o a $%!i$ir KH '% $%b% r%%.6(azar %( '%n'or MAP 4 0%ri3!ar %( 'i't%.a n%0a.%nt%& ,& 2i5)!i( $ar arranK% a( .otor r%0i'ar arranK% 4 to$a' (a' !7i'6a' $% !a$a b)a $% !a$a !i(in$ro $%( .otor a (o !a( to$a' (a' b)a' %'taban bi%n $%'6H' r%0i'*ba.o' (o' !ab(%' !on%>i/n a !a$a b)a $%t%!tan$o K% %( !ab(%  %'taba $aDa$o %nton!%' r%%.6(az*ba.o' %( !ab(% $%( !i(in$ro  4 r%0i'an$o K% '% 7a4an $%'a6ar%!i$o (o' 6rob(%.a' $% %n!%n$i$o& 8& E( ato 7a 6%r$i$o 6ot%n!ia r%0i'a.o' %( $ar arranK% a( .otor 4 0%ri3!ar (a 6(0%riza!i/n $%( in4%!tor K% '% %n!ontraba %n b%n %'ta$o 'igi%n$o .%$ia.o' (a 'a(i$a $%( '%n'or TPS K% %ra - 0o(t' $%'6H' .%$ia.o' (a %ntra$a $%( '%n'or TPS K% %ra $% , a 8 0o(t' a6ro>i.a$a.%nt% $%'6H' .%$ia.o' (a r%'i't%n!ia $%( '%n'or TPS K% no' $*ba.o' !%nta K% %'taba 7a!i%n$o !orto !ir!ito r%%.6(azan$o %( '%n'or TPS $%( 6an%( 4 0%ri3!an$o %( 0a(or nor.a(

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina "? $% ,-


Con!('i/n& En !on!('i/n no'otro' 7%.o' 6o$i$o abar!ar $% na .an%ra .*' %>a!ta 4 6r%!i'a !o.o ((%gar a na 7i6/t%'i' $% 6o'ib(%' 5a((a' %n %( .otor $% a!%r$o a (o' ')nto.a' K% 6r%'%nt% %%r!i%n$o (a' .%$i!ion%' !o.6ara!ion%' ''tit!i/n 'i %' r%K%ri$o $% a(g@n !o.6on%nt% 'i.(an$o (o' 6rob(%.a' %n 0i$a r%a( K% 6%$% '5rir !a(Ki%r 0%7)!(o& A$Kiri%n$o no'otro' n%0a' ba'%' $% !/.o .ani6(ar ')nto.a' 4 'ab%r (a 5n!i/n $% !a$a $i'6o'iti0o 4a '%an '%n'or%' a!ta$or%' !on%>ion%' 4 0aria!ion%' $% t%.6%ratra& L(%gan$o a no'otro' .i'.o' $%!ir K% 5% na gran ba'% 6ara n%'tra 5or.a!i/n 6ro5%'iona( 6ara r%'o(0%r 6rob(%.a' 5tro' K% '% no' 6%$an a6ar%!%r %n n%'tra 6r*!ti!a 4 trabao a 5tro $%.o'tran$o (a' 7abi(i$a$%' !ono!i.i%nto' .an%ra' $% 'ar (a (/gi!a (o' 6ro!%'o' $% 5n!iona.i%nto 'o' 4 a6(i!a!i/n $% in'tr.%nto' a$%!a$o' 6ara r%'o(0%r (o' 6rob(%.a'&

E'!%(a $% Ing%ni%r)a P*gina " $% ,-

Informe de Autotronica duoc uc

Recommend Documents