Tema Tema 18: Lectura en EP
TEMA 18: DESARROLLO Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL PROCESO LECTOR EN LA EDUC EDUCAC ACIÓ IÓN N PRIM PRIMAR ARIA IA.. TÉCN TÉCNIC ICAS AS Y ESTR ESTRA ATEGIA EGIAS S DE CO COMP MPRE RESI SIÓN ÓN LECT LECTOR ORA A EN DIFE DIFERE RENT NTES ES SITU SITUAC ACIO IONE NES S DE CO COMU MUNI NICA CACI CIÓN ÓN Y CO CON N DIFERE DIFERENT NTES ES TIPOS TIPOS DE TEXT TEXTOS. OS. LA LECTUR LECTURA: A: PLANES PLANES DE FOMEN FOMENTO TO Y ESTRATEGIAS DE INTERVENCIÓN EDUCATIVA EDUCATIVA..
1. INTR INTRO ODUCCIÓ CCIÓN N 2. DESA ESARROLL ROLLO O Y CAR CARACTERÍ TERÍS STICA TICAS S DEL PROC ROCESO ESO LEC LECTOR TOR EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA a. APRO APROXI XIMA MACI CIÓN ÓN CON CONCE CEPT PTUA UAL L b. FASES FASES DEL PROCESO LECTO-ESCRITOR LECTO-ESCRITOR c. PROCESOS PROCESOS PSICO PSICOLÓGI LÓGICOS COS QUE QUE INTER INTERV VIENEN IENEN EN LA LECTURA LECTURA i. P!c P!c"# "#!# !# $"c $"c"$ "$%i& %i&!# !# ii. ii. P!c P!c"# "#a' a'i"( i"(%! %! )*+i )*+ic! c! iii. iii. P!c P!c"# "#a' a'i"( i"(%! %! #i(% #i(%,c ,c%i %ic! c! i&. i&. P!c"# P!c"#a' a'i"( i"(%! %! #"',(% #"',(%ic! ic! . TRAS TRASTO TORN RNOS OS DE LECT LECTUR URA A i. DISLEXIA 1. D*ici D*ici%# %# "( "( )!# )!# $!c" $!c"#!# #!# $"c"$ $"c"$%i& %i&!# !# 2. D*ici D*ici%# %# "( ") ") "c!(! "c!(!ci' ci'i"( i"(%! %! " $a)a $a)aba ba## /. P!b)" P!b)"'a 'a## c!( ") $!c $!c"#a "#a'i" 'i"(%! (%! #i(%, #i(%,c%i c%ic! c! 0. P!b)" P!b)"'a 'a## "( )a c!'$ c!'$"( "(#i #i(( )"c%! )"c%!a a ". FUNDAM FUNDAMENT ENTAC ACIÓN IÓN LEGAL LEGAL LA LECTURA LECTURA EN EL CURRÍ CURRÍCULO CULO DE DE LA EP /. T3CNIC T3CNICAS AS Y ESTRA ESTRATEGIAS EGIAS DE COMPR COMPRESI ESIÓN ÓN LECTO LECTORA RA EN DIFERE DIFERENTE NTES S SITUACIONES DE COMUNICACIÓN Y CON DIFERENTES TIPOS DE TEXTOS. a. TIPOS TIPOS DE COMPR COMPRENS ENSIÓN IÓN LECTO LECTORA RA b. T3CNICAS Y ESTRATEG ESTRATEGIAS IAS DE COMPRENSIÓN COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA LECTORA i. E#%a%"4 %"4ia# ia# ii. T*c(ica# c. COMPREN PRENS SIÓN IÓN LEC LECTORA TORA EN DIFE IFEREN RENTES TES SITU ITUACIO CIONES DE COMUNICACIÓN Y CON DIFERENTES TIPOS DE TEXTOS i. E(! E(!56 56"" c!'6 c!'6(i (ica ca%i& %i&!! ii. ii. Ti$!# i$!# " %"+% %"+%!# !# 1. C!(%i(6!# 2. Di#c! i#c!((%i(6 %i(6!!# 0. LA LECTUR LECTURA A PLANES PLANES DE FOMEN FOMENTO TO Y ESTRA ESTRAT TEGIAS EGIAS DE INTER INTERV VENCIÓN ENCIÓN EDUCATIVA. a. PLANES PLANES DE FOM FOMENT ENTO O DE DE LA LECTUR LECTURA A b. ESTRATEGIA ESTRATEGIAS S DE INTERVEN INTERVENCIÓN CIÓN EDUCATIV EDUCATIVA A i. Oi"( Oi"(%ac %aci! i!(" ("## 4"(" 4"("a a)"# )"# ii. ii. Oi"( Oi"(%ac %aci! i!(" ("## "#$" "#$"c7 c7i ica# ca# 1. M*%! M*%!!# !# " "(# "(#"8a "8a(9a (9a " )a )a )"c%6 )"c%6a a a. Si(%*%ic! b. A(a)7%ic! c. Mi+%! iii. iii. Ac Ac%i %i&i &ia a" "## $! $! cic) cic)!# !#
Centro de Estudios Ágora
1
Tema Tema 18: Lectura en EP i&. I(%"&"(ci I(%"&"(ci( ( "#$"c7 "#$"c7ica ica "( %a#%!(!# %a#%!(!# " )a )"c%6a )"c%6a CONCLUSIÓN LEGI LEGISL SLAC ACIÓ IÓN N CIT CITADA =I=L =I=LIO IOGR GRAF AFÍA ÍA CIT CITADA =I=LIO =I=LIOGRA GRAFÍA FÍA COMEN COMENTA TADA DA
:. ;. <. >.
INTRODUCCIÓN E) ,"a ,"a " L"(46 L"(46aa Ca#% Ca#%")) "))a(a a(a ? Li%" Li%"a%6 a%6a a "( )a E6ca E6caci ci(( Pi' Pi'ai aiaa a5 a56i" 6i"" " 6( ")i" ")i"&" &" i'$!%a(%" "( )a (6"&a )"4i#)aci( "6ca%i&a@ 56" c!(#i"a 56" ") )"(46a" "# 6( "('"(! "'i("(%"'"(%" #!cia). E( ""c%!@ 6(! " )!# !b"%i&!# ',# i'$!%a(%"# 56" #" a#i4(a a) ,"a "# !'"(%a "( )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# )a c!'$"%"(cia )i(4B7#%ica ? c!'6(ica%i&a " 'a("a 56" #"a( ca$ac"# " i(%"ac%6a "( )!# i&"#!# ,'bi%!# #!cia)"# "( )!# 56" #" &",( i('"#!#. Si bi"( a ab ab)a )a )!# (i8!# a$"("( a$"("( $! i('"# i('"#i( i( ? (! "# ("c"#a ("c"#ai! i! "'$)"a "'$)"a (i(4( (i(4( '*%!! '*%!! "#$"c7ic!@ $aa a$"(" a )"" "# ("c"#ai! 56" #" )" "(#"8" " !'a i(%"(ci!(a) ? "+$)7ci%a. P6"#%! 56" a$"(" a )"" (! "# 6(a ("c"#ia &i%a) (i i(%7(#"ca i(%7(#"ca ") #" 6'a(!@ "56i"" $! %a(%!@ %a(% !@ " 6(a '!%i&aci '!%i& aci(( ? 6(a# ac%i%6"# ac%i %6"# 56" "b"( #" "(#"8aa# "(#"8 aa# ? &i&ia# &i&i a# "( 6( c!(%"+%! "#$"cia). Ta"a 56" a#6'" )a "#c6")a.
DESARROLLO Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL PROCESO LECTOR EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA La )"c%6a c!(#%i%6?" c!(#%i%6?" 6( ")"'"(%! '6? $!"!#! $!"!#! "( ") $!c"#! " "#a!))! "#a!))! ? 'a6aci( 'a6aci( " )!# (i8!#a#. S"4( Fa( S'i% 1HHJ $aa )"" #!( ("c"#aia# !# %i$!# " i(!'aci( 6(a &i#6a) 56" "# a$!%aa $! ") %"+%! ? 6(a (! &i#6a)@ 56" "# a$!%aa $! ") )"c%!. Ka? a)6'(!# a)6'(!# 56" "#cia "#cia(( c!"c c!"c%a' %a'"(% "(%"" $"! $"! (! c!'$" c!'$"(" ("(( )! 56" )""( )""( ? !%!# !%!# 56" "#cia(! 'a) ") %"+%! ca$%a( $""c%a'"(%" #6 c!(%"(i!. D"#cia #i( c!'$"(" #6$!(" #"$aa )! '"c,(ic! ? )! c!'$"(#i&! ? "#%! "# )! 56" "b"'!# "&i%a "( ") $!c"#! " "-a " )a )"c%6a.
APROXIMACIÓN CONCEPTUAL (Colom!" 1##$% L!: E) $i'" i(%"!4a(%" 56" (!# "b"'!# $)a(%"a "# $"ci#a'"(%" "( 56* c!(#i#%" ") ac%! " )"". M6c!# a( #i! )!# i(%"(%!# $! a)" "#$6"#%a@ a#7 Colom!" "c!4" "i(ici!("# %a)"# c!'! %a(#!'a ") '"(#a" "#ci%! "( #!(!!@ "#cia@ %a6ci@ c!'$"("@ i#$!(" " 6( '"i! '"i! " " c!'6(icaci( c!( )!# "',#@ "+%a" ") c!(%"(i! " 6( '"(#a" "#ci%!. E) ac%! " )a )"c%6a "# 6( $!c"#! c!4(i%i&! 56" c!())"&a 6(a i'$)icaci( $! $a%" ") )"c%!@ ?a 56" ") #6"%! a$!%a #6# c!(!ci'i"(%!# $aa i(%"$"%a ? c!'$"(" )a i(!'aci(@ "46)a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
2
Tema Tema 18: Lectura en EP i&. I(%"&"(ci I(%"&"(ci( ( "#$"c7 "#$"c7ica ica "( %a#%!(!# %a#%!(!# " )a )"c%6a )"c%6a CONCLUSIÓN LEGI LEGISL SLAC ACIÓ IÓN N CIT CITADA =I=L =I=LIO IOGR GRAF AFÍA ÍA CIT CITADA =I=LIO =I=LIOGRA GRAFÍA FÍA COMEN COMENTA TADA DA
:. ;. <. >.
INTRODUCCIÓN E) ,"a ,"a " L"(46 L"(46aa Ca#% Ca#%")) "))a(a a(a ? Li%" Li%"a%6 a%6a a "( )a E6ca E6caci ci(( Pi' Pi'ai aiaa a5 a56i" 6i"" " 6( ")i" ")i"&" &" i'$!%a(%" "( )a (6"&a )"4i#)aci( "6ca%i&a@ 56" c!(#i"a 56" ") )"(46a" "# 6( "('"(! "'i("(%"'"(%" #!cia). E( ""c%!@ 6(! " )!# !b"%i&!# ',# i'$!%a(%"# 56" #" a#i4(a a) ,"a "# !'"(%a "( )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# )a c!'$"%"(cia )i(4B7#%ica ? c!'6(ica%i&a " 'a("a 56" #"a( ca$ac"# " i(%"ac%6a "( )!# i&"#!# ,'bi%!# #!cia)"# "( )!# 56" #" &",( i('"#!#. Si bi"( a ab ab)a )a )!# (i8!# a$"("( a$"("( $! i('"# i('"#i( i( ? (! "# ("c"#a ("c"#ai! i! "'$)"a "'$)"a (i(4( (i(4( '*%!! '*%!! "#$"c7ic!@ $aa a$"(" a )"" "# ("c"#ai! 56" #" )" "(#"8" " !'a i(%"(ci!(a) ? "+$)7ci%a. P6"#%! 56" a$"(" a )"" (! "# 6(a ("c"#ia &i%a) (i i(%7(#"ca i(%7(#"ca ") #" 6'a(!@ "56i"" $! %a(%!@ %a(% !@ " 6(a '!%i&aci '!%i& aci(( ? 6(a# ac%i%6"# ac%i %6"# 56" "b"( #" "(#"8aa# "(#"8 aa# ? &i&ia# &i&i a# "( 6( c!(%"+%! "#$"cia). Ta"a 56" a#6'" )a "#c6")a.
DESARROLLO Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL PROCESO LECTOR EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA La )"c%6a c!(#%i%6?" c!(#%i%6?" 6( ")"'"(%! '6? $!"!#! $!"!#! "( ") $!c"#! " "#a!))! "#a!))! ? 'a6aci( 'a6aci( " )!# (i8!#a#. S"4( Fa( S'i% 1HHJ $aa )"" #!( ("c"#aia# !# %i$!# " i(!'aci( 6(a &i#6a) 56" "# a$!%aa $! ") %"+%! ? 6(a (! &i#6a)@ 56" "# a$!%aa $! ") )"c%!. Ka? a)6'(!# a)6'(!# 56" "#cia "#cia(( c!"c c!"c%a' %a'"(% "(%"" $"! $"! (! c!'$" c!'$"(" ("(( )! 56" )""( )""( ? !%!# !%!# 56" "#cia(! 'a) ") %"+%! ca$%a( $""c%a'"(%" #6 c!(%"(i!. D"#cia #i( c!'$"(" #6$!(" #"$aa )! '"c,(ic! ? )! c!'$"(#i&! ? "#%! "# )! 56" "b"'!# "&i%a "( ") $!c"#! " "-a " )a )"c%6a.
APROXIMACIÓN CONCEPTUAL (Colom!" 1##$% L!: E) $i'" i(%"!4a(%" 56" (!# "b"'!# $)a(%"a "# $"ci#a'"(%" "( 56* c!(#i#%" ") ac%! " )"". M6c!# a( #i! )!# i(%"(%!# $! a)" "#$6"#%a@ a#7 Colom!" "c!4" "i(ici!("# %a)"# c!'! %a(#!'a ") '"(#a" "#ci%! "( #!(!!@ "#cia@ %a6ci@ c!'$"("@ i#$!(" " 6( '"i! '"i! " " c!'6(icaci( c!( )!# "',#@ "+%a" ") c!(%"(i! " 6( '"(#a" "#ci%!. E) ac%! " )a )"c%6a "# 6( $!c"#! c!4(i%i&! 56" c!())"&a 6(a i'$)icaci( $! $a%" ") )"c%!@ ?a 56" ") #6"%! a$!%a #6# c!(!ci'i"(%!# $aa i(%"$"%a ? c!'$"(" )a i(!'aci(@ "46)a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
2
Tema Tema 18: Lectura en EP #6 a%"(ci(@ #6 '!%i&aci( ? 4"("a $"46(%a# #!b" )! 56" "#%, )"?"(!. C!(#%i%6?" 6(a ac%i&ia 56" i'$)ica )a %a6cci( % a6cci( " #7'b!)!# ! )"%a# "( $a)aba# ? a#"# c!( #i4(iica! Ta) ? c!'! acaba'!# " #"8a)a )"" #6$!(" %a(#!'a )!# #i4(!# 4,ic!# "( !%!# !(*%ic!#. R")aci!(a "#%!# 4a"'a# ? a#!cia)!# c!( )!# !("'a# a #i! ") !b"%i&! " )a %!%a)ia " )!# '*%!!# $aa "(#"8a a )"". P"#ci(i"(!@ $! a!a@ " c'! ""c%6a "#%a a#!cia a#!ciaci ci(@ (@ "b"'!# #"8a)a )a# c!(ici!("# c!(ici!("# ("c"#aia# ("c"#aia# $aa #6 a$"(i9a" a$"(i9a" ? 56" #6$!("( )!# &!!!')*)+o*. 3#%!# ac"( ")aci( a (!ci!("# "#$acia)"#@ '"'!i9aci(@ a%ic6)aci(@ i%'!@ &!cab6)ai!@
Com&!,-! E(%"("'!# $! c!'$"(#i( ") $!c"#! " a$!$iaci( ") %"+%! 56i"( )"" "b" a#i'i)a )! 56" "#ci%! ")aci!(,(!)! c!( )! 56" ?a #ab" ? %a'bi*( "b" ac!'!a#" a) %"+%! %a(#!'a(! #6# c!(!ci'i"(%!# $"&i!# "( 6(ci( " )a# a$!%aci!("# ") 'i#'!. E# 6( $!c"#! 56" #6$!(" %a(#acci!("# %a(#acci!("# "(%" ") )"c%!@ )"c%!@ ") %"+%! ? ") c!(%"+%!. P!"'!# c!(c)6i c!( 56" a'b!# $!c"#!# "#%,( ")aci!(a!# ? #" c!'$)"'"(%a( L"" "# c!'$"(" 6( %"+%! F""i! ? T"b"!#?@ 1HHHJ )a "#c!iicaci( a " "#%a a) #"&ici! " )a c!'$"(#i(. N! $!"'!# c!'$"(" #i(! )""'!# " !'a ac%i&a a(%ici$a(! i(%"$"%aci!("#@ "c!(!ci"(! #i4(iica!#@ i"(%iica(! 6a#
POR TANTO La )"c%6a "# 6(a ac%i&ia c!'$)"a 56" i(%"4a !# %i$!# " abi)ia"# '6? i""(%"#. P! 6( )a!@ "'!# " i#%i(46i )a# abi)ia"# 56" (!# $"'i%"( "c!(!c" ? a%ib6i 6( #i4(iica! a )a# $a)aba# "#ci%a# 56" a$a"c"( a(%" (6"#%!# !!# E) #"46(! %i$! " abi)ia"# #!( )a# i'$)icaa# "( )!# $!c"#!# " i(%"$"%aci( ! c!'$"(#i( )i(4B7#%ica@ " i(%"&i"("(@ a6(56" 56i9, " i#%i(%! '!!@ %a(%! "( )a c!'$"(#i( " )!# '"(#a"# !a)"# c!'! "( )!# "#ci%!# C6"%!# V"4a@ 1HH>J Ka? 56" #ab" ") #i4(iica! " caa $a)aba@ ? "#%! #!)! #" c!(#i46" "#$6*# " '6ca "icaci(. P"! a"',# " "#%!@ %!a&7a 56"a '6c! $! ac"@ ?a 56" '6ca# &"c"# #" $6"" #ab" ") #i4(iica! " %!a# )a# $a)aba# 56" !'a( 6(a !aci( ? (! #ab" ") #i4(iica! " "#%a "( #6 c!(6(%!. La )"c%6a #!)! "# $!#ib)" c6a(! 6(ci!(a a"c6aa'"(%" 6( b6"( ('"! " !$"aci!("# '"(%a)"#. La )"c%6a a #i! 6(a " )a# c6"#%i!("# ',# i(&"#%i4aa# "( )!# )%i'!# %i"'$!#@ ? #" a $!i! c!'$!ba 56" ") $!c"#! )"c%! "#%, !'a! $! &ai!# '6)!# #"$aab)"#@ caa 6(! " )!# c6a)"# #" "(ca4a " "a)i9a 6(a 6(ci( "#$"c7ica. E#%!# $!c"#!# #!( P!c"#!# $"c"$%i&!#@ P!c"#a'i"(%! )*+ic!@ P!c"#a'i"(%! #i(%,c%ic! ? P!c"#a'i"(%! #"',(%ic!.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
3
Tema 18: Lectura en EP A(%"# " i(icia a) (i8! "( )!# $!c"#!# " )"c%6a a? 56" %"(" "( c6"(%a !# a#$"c%!# i'$!%a(%"# 'a6"9 ? '!%i&aci(. E#%!# !# ac%!"# &a( a "%"'i(a ") *+i%! $!#%"i!. U( aca#! "( )a )"c%6a %i"(" '6c! 56" &" c!( ") *+i%! $!#%"i! "( )a 'a?! $a%" )a# ,"a# c6ic6)a"#. E( )! 56" #" "i"" a 'a6"9@ ") (i8! "b" " %"(" )a a$!$iaa "( %!!# )!# ,'bi%!# " )a $"#!(a)ia@ $i(ci$a)'"(%" "( )"(46a" !a)@ a%"(ci( ? '"'!ia. L4ica'"(%"@ #i ") (i8! (! #ab" ab)a ? (! $6"" !ca)i9a )a a%"(ci( "( 6(a %a"a c!(c"%a@ i7ci)'"(%" $!, a$"(" a )"" c!"c%a'"(%". Ta'bi*( 6"4a( 6( $a$") '6? i'$!%a(%" )a '"'!ia #"(#!ia) ? )a '"'!ia a c!%! $)a9! '"'!ia " %aba!J.
FASES DEL PROCESO LECTOESCRITOR (C+o* V/0" 1##8% S" $6""( "i(i &aia# a#"# 56" #" c!"#$!("( c!( i#%i(%!# '!'"(%!# " )a# !$"aci!("# c!4(i%i&a# 56" i(%"&i"("( "( ") $!c"#! " c!(#%6cci( )"c%!-"#ci%!. Si'b!)i9aci( E( ") '!'"(%! 56" ") (i8! acc"" a) )"(46a" !a)@ #" &a a&a(9a(! "( )a ca$acia " #6#%i%6i !b"%!# i(%"(!# $! #i4(!# $aa 56" $6"a( #" %a(#'i%i!#. P!c! a $!c! &a ")aci!(a(! #i4(iica(%"# ? #i4(iica!# ? a$a"c"( )!# #i4(!#. E) )"(46a" !a)@ )a "#ci%6a ? )a )"c%6a #!( $!c"#!# 56" #" "b"( a " !'a #i'6)%,("a.
F0**: F0* &!&+)20 D" 2 a 0 a8!#. E# 6(a )"c%6a-i"(%iicaci(. C"(%a %!a #6 a%"(ci( "( ") #i4(iica!. P!, )"" 4aaba%!# "(!%a!#@ 4aaba%!# (!'i(a!#@ i46a# ? !'a#@ i"!4a'a#@ $ic%!4a'a# %i"'$! '"%"!!)4ic!@ 7a# " )a #"'a(a@ "#%aci!("#@ 'a%"ia)"# " c!)"4i!J@ $a)aba #6 (!'b"@ )!4!%i$!#@ %6)!# " )a "#c6")a@ 7a# " )a #"'a(aJ@ Si(%a4'a# (!'b" " )a c)a#"#@ (!'b" ") "56i$!@ i"#%a#@ c6"(%!#J@ ? a#"# %abaaa# "( c)a#". C"(%a %!a #6 a%"(ci( "( ") #i4(iica!. L!# #i4(iica(%"# #!( !b"%!# $aa *). Ta# &" 56" "# )! 56" ") a)6'(! $6"" )""@ #" $!$!("( c!'! i(#%6'"(%!# ? %*c(ica#. - A#!ciaci( i'a4"(-$a)aba. - Ca)"(ai!. - N!'i(aci( " "#$aci!# ? %i)"# " )a c)a#". - M6a)"#. - =aaa# " ca%a#. - 6"4!# " !'i(. - =a("a " $a)aba.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
4
Tema 18: Lectura en EP - Lib!#.
F0* 0*o)0+)20om3),0+o!)0 D" c6a%! a8!# a$!+i'aa'"(%" a ci(c! a8!#. N!# "(c!(%a'!# "( 6(a "%a$a i(%6i%i&a@ "( )a 56" #" "a)i9a( 6(a# i(%6ici!("# #i'$)"# 6(a )"c%6a c!'bi(a%!ia ? a#!cia%i&a@ ? 6(a "#ci%6a "( )a 56" #" "a)i9a,( ib6!# i46a%i&!# %"',%ic!#@ "$!6cci( $"c"$%i&!-'!%i9. R"$!6cci( " )a $a)aba '"ia(%" ") a(a)i9a! a6i%i&!. E( "#%a "%a$a "#%ab)"c"( #6 iaci( "( )!# #i4(iica(%"#. E( "#%a a#" )!# i(#%6'"(%!# ? "#%a%"4ia# $6""( #" - Ca)"(ai!. - N!'i(aci( " "#$aci!#@ %i)"# ? (!'a# " c!(&i&"(cia. - I(#%6'"(%!# " )a a#" a(%"i! " a#!ciaci( i'a4"(-$a)aba. - Lib!# " $a)aba#. - Lib!# " )"%a#. - C!(#%6i 6(a $a)aba ica $! ") 'a"#%!. - A $a%i " )a# )"%a# " 6(a $a)aba c!(#%6i 6(a (6"&a. - C!(#%6i (6"&a# $a)aba# $a%i"(! " 6(a ?a c!(#%6ia@ a8ai"(! )"%a#.
F0* 0l4035+)0 D" : a8!# ? '"i! a < a8!#. S" c!(%i(a "( 6(a "%a$a i(%6i%i&a@ $"! "#%a# i(%6ici!("# #!( ?a a%ic6)aa# 6(a )"c%6a a)ab*%ica. E) (i8! "# ca$a9 " 6%i)i9a ") ci4! a)ab*%ic! " )!# a6)%!#. P! $i'"a &"9 ")aci!(a #i4(iica(%" ? #i4(iica!. R"a)i9a )a# 'i#'a# !$"aci!("# )i(4B7#%ic!-!'a)"# 56" 6( )"c%! a6)%!@ a6(56" c!( 6(a #"i" " )i'i%aci!("# "%"'i(aa# $! )!# c!(%"(i!#@ )!# c!(%i("(%"# ? #6 ca"(cia " a6%!(!'7a. E( )!# i(#%6'"(%!# #" "#%aca - Q6" )a )"c%6a #", ") $6(%! " $a%ia " )a# ac%i&ia"# " )a !(aa. - L"c%6a $! 46$!# !'a(! 46$!# " 0 a : (i8!# 56" %"(4a( i""(%"# (i&")"# " )"c%6a@ caa 6(! %"(, 6( )ib! i#%i(%!. E) 'a"#%! $a#a, $! )!# 46$!#. - 6"4!# " )"c%6a i(&"(%a!# ! $!$6"#%!# $! ") 'a"#%!. - R"$"#"(%aci( " acci!("#. - C!'$"(#i( )"c%!a c!'$"(#i( $! )a &i&"(cia a'a%i9aci(@ )"c%6a a'a%i9aa@ )"c%6a 'i'aa@ c!'$"(#i( $! )!# a#4!# "+$"#i&!# )"c%6a !(!'a%!$"i9aaJ@ ?
Centro de Estudios Ágora
5
Tema 18: Lectura en EP c!'$"(#i( " )a "$"#"(%aci( 4,ica ib6! #!b" )"c%6a# "a)i9aa#@ caac%"i9a 6( %"+%!J.
F0* U,)2!*0l D" < a > a8!#. Ya "( "#%a# "a"# ") a)6'(! $6"" )"" ib6!# i46a%i&!#@ $ic%!4a'a#@ !("'a#@ #7)aba#@ $a)aba#@ #i(%a4'a# ? a#"#. Y "( 6(ci( " "#%! #" c!(c"%a( 6(a #"i" " "#%a%"4ia# ? ac%i&ia"#. A#i'i)a! "( )a a#" a(%"i! ") ci4! a)ab*%ic!@ #" i(icia )a 4"("a)i9aci( " )a )"c%6a. E) (i8! #", ca$a9 " i(%"$"%a )!# #i4(!# " $6(%6aci(@ "a)i9a )a# $a6#a#@ a 6(a c!"c%a "(%!(aci(@ %!! a56"))! 56" a a) %"+%! "+$"#i( ? %i"(" 6(ci( c!'6(ica%i&a. P"! a( )a )"c%6a (! #" $6"" 6%i)i9a c!'! "a'i"(%a " %aba!. E) (i8! "b" )"" $! ") $)ac" " )"". I(#%6'"(%!# - L"c%6a $! 46$!#@ $"! #)! "+i#%i"(! !# (i&")"#. - 6"4!# " )"c%6a@ )"c%6a c!'$)"%a@ )"c%6a #a)%"aa@ $i(%a! ? #6ba?a! " $a)aba#@ !'i#i( " $a)aba#@ ib6! " acci!("# - C!'$"(#i( )"c%!a $! )a &i&"(cia a'a%i9aci(@ )"c%6a a'a%i9aa@ )"c%6a 'i'aaJ@ c!'$"(#i( $! )!# a#4!# "+$"#i&!# )"c%6a !(!'a%!$"i9aaJ ? c!'$"(#i( $! )a "$"#"(%aci( 4,ica ib6! #!b" )"c%6a# "a)i9aa#@ ")"cci( " i)6#%aci( $aa caac%"i9a 6( %"+%!@ ")"cci( " 6( %"+%! $aa caac%"i9a 6(a i)6#%aci(J.
PROCESOS PSICOLÓGICOS 6UE INTERVIENEN EN LA LECTURA (C+o* V/0" 1##8% P!o*o* &!&+)2o*: L! $i'"! 56" #" ac" $aa "#cia 6( '"(#a" "# 56" "#%" #"a "c!4i! ? a(a)i9a! $! (6"#%!# #"(%i!#. L!# '"ca(i#'!# $"c"$%i&!# "+%a"( )a i(!'aci( ? )a a)'ac"(a( 6a(%" 6( %i"'$! ba#%a(%" b"&" "( )a '"'!ia ic(ica@ $aa ',# %a" )a $a%" ',# ")"&a(%" " "#a i(!'aci(@ $a#" a )a '"'!ia a c!%! $)a9! ! '"'!ia " %aba!@ 56" "# !(" #" a(a)i9a )a i(!'aci(. La '"'!ia " %aba! "# )a 56" (!# $"'i%" "%"(" ") i(ici! " 6(a !aci( a#%a ))"4a a) i(a) ? "+%a" ") #i4(iica!. U( ""'$)! " "#%! )! %"("'!# a) $"cibi )a )"%a b@ "( )a '"'!ia #"(#!ia) #" 56"a c!( )a (ica i(!'aci( " 56" #!( 6(!# %a9a!# " 6(a "%"'i(aa 'a("a@ )a '"'!ia " %aba! )a a(a)i9a ? )a '"'!ia a )a4! $)a9! "# 56" "#$6*# " #" c!(#6)%aa (!# ic" 56" "# 6(a )"%a " (6"#%! a)ab"%!. M!&i'i"(%!# #ac,ic!# ? iaci!("# a&a) "( 1>><@ "#$6*# " "ica#" a !b#"&a )!# !!# " )!# )"c%!"#@ i! 56" c6a(! 6(a $"#!(a )"" 6( %"+%! #6# !!# a&a(9a( a $"56"8!# #a)%!# ))a'a!# '!&i'i"(%!# #ac,ic!#@ 56" #" a)%"(a( c!( $"i!!# " iaci( "( 56" $"'a("c"( i('&i)"#. L!# $"i!!# " iaci(
Centro de Estudios Ágora
6
Tema 18: Lectura en EP $"'i%"( a) )"c%! $"cibi 6( %!9! ") 'a%"ia) "#ci%! "c!4ia " i(!'aci(J@ ? )!# '!&i'i"(%!# #ac,ic!# )" %a#)aa( a) #i46i"(%" $6(%! ") %"+%!. D" )! a(%"i! #" "6c" 56" )! 56" "a)i9a 6(a $"#!(a a) )"" "# ia 6( %!9! " %"+%!@ ? a c!(%i(6aci(@ c!( 6( '!&i'i"(%! #ac,ic!@ $a#a a) %!9! #i46i"(%"@ ? a#7 #6c"#i&a'"(%". E) %i"'$! " iaci( "# '6c! 'a?!@ a6(56" )a $!$!ci( "$"(" ") )"c%! ? ") %i$! " %"+%!. A '"ia 56" a6'"(%a )a c!'$)"ia ") %"+%!@ i#'i(6?" )a )!(4i%6 " )!# #a)%!# ? a6'"(%a )a 6aci( " )a# iaci!("#. A(,)i#i# &i#6a) Ka? 6(a $"46(%a 6( %a(%! $!)*'ica 56" "( 6(ci( " )a "#$6"#%a 56" )" "'!# 6%i)i9a"'!# 6( '*%!! $aa )a "(#"8a(9a " )a )"c%6a. E#%a $"46(%a "# "# ("c"#ai! i"(%iica )a# )"%a# 56" c!'$!("( )a# $a)aba# ! "c!(!c"'!# )a# $a)aba# 4)!ba)'"(%" a %a&*# " #6# !'a# 4,ica# U(a "#$6"#%a ,$ia $!7a #" ") #6$!(" 56" #i )a# $a)aba# "#%,( !'aa# $! )"%a#@ $aa "c!(!c" 6(a $a)aba#@ %"("'!# 56" i"(%iica $"&ia'"(%" )a# )"%a# 56" )a c!'$!("(@ $"! 6(a #"i" " "+$"i'"(%!# ai'a( 56" "# ',# ,ci) "c!(!c" 6(a )"%a c6a(! "#%a !'a $a%" " 6(a $a)aba 56" c6a(! a$a"c" ai#)aa. C!'! c!(#"c6"(cia " "#%!# "#6)%a!# ic"( 56" )a !'a 4)!ba) " )a# $a)aba# "# #6ici"(%" $aa #6 i"(%iicaci(.
P!o*0m),+o l57)o: M"ia(%" )!# $!c"#!# $"c"$%i&!# #" i"(%iica( )a# )"%a# ? "#$6*# " "#%! a? 56" "(c!(%a ") c!(c"$%! 56" #" a#!cia c!( caa 6(ia )i(4B7#%ica. Paa "a)i9a "#%! i#$!("'!# " !# &7a#@ 6%i)i9a(! )a 6%a &i#6a) ? )a !(!)4ica. aJ R6%a &i#6a) ! )*+ica. U%i)i9a(! "#%a 6%a #" "a)i9a( &aia# !$"aci!("# aJ A(,)i#i# &i#6a). bJ A)'ac*( )*+ic! &i#6a). A567 "# !(" $! c!'$aaci( c!( )a# 6(ia"# a))7 a)'ac"(aa# #" i"(%iica a "#a $a)aba. cJ Si#%"'a #"',(%ic!. E( "#%" #i#%"'a "# !(" a )a 6(ia )*+ica ac%i&aa@ #" )" 6(i, #6 c!"#$!(i"(%" 6(ia " #i4(iica!. E( "#%!# %"# $a#!# (!# 56"a7a'!# #i #!)! 56i#i*a'!# c!'$"(" )a )"c%6a@ $"! #i $"%"("( )"" "( &!9 a)%a@ "(%a( "( 6"4! !%!# $!c"#!#. J A)'ac*( )*+ic! !(!)4ic!@ !(" )a "$"#"(%aci( #"',(%ica ac%i&a, )a c!"#$!(i"(%" "$"#"(%aci( !(!)4ica. "J A)'ac*( " $!(6(ciaci(. La $a)aba "#%, i#$6"#%a $aa #" "'i%ia.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
7
Tema 18: Lectura en EP E#%a 6%a 6(ci!(a c!( $a)aba# 56" ") #6"%! c!(!c" &i#6a)'"(%"@ "# "ci@ )a# $a)aba# 56" !'a( $a%" " #6 &!cab6)ai! &i#6a). P"! (! #i&" $aa )a# $a)aba# "#c!(!cia# (i $aa )a# $#"6!$a)aba#@ $! (! %"(" "$"#"(%aci( )*+ica. Paa )"" "#%a# $#"6!$a)aba# 6%i)i9a'!# !%! $!c"i'i"(%!@ a %a&*# " )a 6%a !(!)4ica. bJ R6%a !(!)4ica. P! "#%a 6%a #" #i46"( )!# #i46i"(%"# $a#!# aJ I"(%iica )a# )"%a# 56" c!'$!("( )a $a)aba "( ") #i#%"'a " a(,)i#i# &i#6a). bJ M"ca(i#'! " c!(&"#i( " 4a"'a a !("'a. -
A(,)i#i# 4a*'ic!.
-
A#i4(aci( " !("'a#.
-
U(i( " !("'a#. A %a&*# " "#%!# %"# $a#!# #" "c6$"a( )!# #!(i!# 56" c!"#$!("( a )a# )"%a#.
cJ L*+ic! a6i%i&!. U(a &"9 "c6$"aa )a $!(6(ciaci( " )a$a)aba@ #" c!(#6)%a "( "#%" a)'ac*( )a "$"#"(%aci( 56" c!"#$!(" a "#!# #!(i!#. Si "# 6(a )"c%6a c!'$"(#i&a@ "#a "$"#"(%aci( ac%i&a ") #i4(iica! c!"#$!(i"(%" "( ") #i#%"'a #"',(%ic!. J A)'ac*( " $!(6(ciaci(@ !(" #" a%ic6)a( )!# #!(i!#. E( ca#%"))a(! $!"'!# )"" %!a# )a# $a)aba# $! )a 6%a !(!)4ica@ ?a 56" %!!# )a# $a)aba# #" a6#%a( a )a# "4)a# 4a"'a-!("'a@ $"! "( !%!# ii!'a# "+i#%"( '6ca# $a)aba# i"46)a"#@ c6?a $!(6(ciaci( (! #" a6#%a a "#a# "4)a#@ ? #!)! #" $!7a )"" #i #" c!(!c" "#$"c7ica'"(%" "#a $a)aba. D" )! a(%"i! #" $6"" #aca "( c)a! 56" ") b6"( )"c%! "# 56" 6%i)i9a c!"c%a'"(%" )a# !# 6%a#.
P!o*0m),+o *),++)o. E) "c!(!ci'i"(%! " )a# $a)aba# "# a)4! ("c"#ai! $aa $!" ))"4a a "(%"(" ") '"(#a" " 6( %"+%! "#ci%!@ $"! )a# $a)aba# ai#)aa# (! %a(#'i%"( (aa@ "( )a ")aci( "(%" "))a# "# !(" #" "(c6"(%a ") '"(#a". E) a46$a'i"(%! c!"c%! " )a# $a)aba# "( 6(a !aci(@ a#7 c!'! )a# i(%"")aci!("# "(%" )!# c!(#%i%6?"(%"#@ #" c!(#i46" 4acia# a 6(a #"i" " c)a&"# $"#"(%"# "( )a !aci(. A)46(a# " )a# ',# i'$!%a(%"# #!( "#%a# aJ O"( " )a )a# $a)aba#. E) !"( " )a# $a)aba# (!# &a a 'aca ") $a$") #i(%,c%ic! " )a !aci(@ $! ""'$)! "( "#%a !aci( L6i# b"# a Ma7a. E) #6"%! " )a acci( " b"#a "# L6i# ? ") !b"%! Ma7a. Y "( "#%a !aci( Ma7a b"# a L6i#@ )!# $a$")"# #" i(&i"%"(. E#%! #6c"" $!56" "( ca#%"))a(!@ #i (! a? (i(46(a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
8
Tema 18: Lectura en EP $"$!#ici( ! i(ica! " )! c!(%ai!@ ") $i'" (!'b" ac" " #6"%! ? ") #"46(! " !b"%!. bJ Pa)aba# 6(ci!(a)"#. E#%a# #!( )!# a%7c6)!#@ c!(6(ci!("#@ $"$!#ici!("#@ "%c.@ 56" 6"4a( 6( $a$") $i(ci$a)'"(%" #i(%,c%ic!. E )!# a%7c6)!# #"8a)a( ") c!'i"(9! " 6( (6"&! #i(%a4'a (!'i(a)@ )a# $"$!#ici!("# " 6( c!'$)"'"(%! cic6(#%a(cia)@ "%c. cJ Si4(iica! " )a# $a)aba#. E#%" a#$"c%! %a'bi*( "# c)a&" $aa c!(!c" c!'! "b"( i i(%"")aci!(aa# )a# $a)aba#. P! ""'$)! "( 6(a !aci( c6?! &"b! "# !'i@ ") #6"%! (! $6"" #" 6( !b"%! i(a(i'a!. J Si4(!# " $6(%6aci(. E( ") )"(46a" "#ci%! #!( )!# 56" 'aca( )!# $a#!# ? )a "(%!(aci( 56" 6%i)i9a'!# "( ") )"(46a" !a). E( )!# %"+%!# #!( i'$!%a(%"# $aa #6 c!'$"(#i(.
P!o*0m),+o *m,+)o. D"#$6*# 56" a "#%ab)"ci! )a ")aci( "(%" )!# i#%i(%!# c!'$!("(%"# " )a !aci(@ ") )"c%! $a#a ?a a) )%i'! $!c"#!@ c!(#i#%"(%" "( "+%a" ") '"(#a" " )a !aci( $aa i(%"4a)! c!( #6# c!(!ci'i"(%!#. S!)! c6a(! a i(%"4a! )a i(!'aci( "( )a '"'!ia #" $6"" "ci 56" a %"'i(a! ") $!c"#! " c!'$"(#i(.
TRASTORNOS DE LECTURA (C+o* V/0" 1##8% La %i$!)!47a " a)6'(!# 56" $6""( $"#"(%a iic6)%a"# "( )a a56i#ici( " )a )"c%6a "# i&"#a ? $6"" ))"&a a c!(6#i!("#. P! 6( )a!@ "(c!(%a'!# )!# (i8!# 56" $! "#%a a"c%a!# $! a)4( %i$! " 'i(6#&a)7a 7#ica ! #"(#!ia) ("c"#i%a( 6(!# #i#%"'a# " "(#"8a(9a ? 6(!# 'a%"ia)"# "#$"cia)'"(%" aa$%a!# a "))!#. E# ") ca#! " )!# (i8!# c!( *ici%# &i#6a)"#@ a6i%i&!#@ '!%ic!#@ 56" (! %i"("( a#!cia!# !%!# %i$!# " 'i(6#&a)7a# !("@ $! )! %a(%!@ (! #" $6"" ab)a " $!b)"'a# "#$"c7ic!# " )"c%6a #i(! " 6(a $a%ic6)aia " "#%" a$"(i9a" "( 6(ci( " )a# caac%"7#%ica# " )!# (i8!#. P! !%!@ "#%a7a( )!# a)6'(!# c!( ca$acia"# c!4(i%i&a# )i'i%aa#@ 56" %i"("( iic6)%a "( )a )"c%6a ? %a'bi*( "( !%!# a$"(i9a"# a"',#@ "#%a7a( )!# (i8!# 56" #6"( "$i&aci( #!ci!c6)%6a)@ b)!56"!# a"c%i&!# ! 56" a( ca"ci! " !$!%6(ia"# " a$"(i9a" a"c6aa#@ 56" %a'$!c! )""( " !'a $%i'a. T!!# "#%!# (i8!# #!( )!# 56" #" "(!'i(a( )"c%!"# "%a#a!#@ 56" %i"("( iic6)%a"# 4"("a)i9aa# " )"(46a" ? $! )! %a(%! (! $6"" c!(#i"a#" 56" %"(4a( 6(a iic6)%a "#$"c7ica " )a )"c%6a. Y $! !%! )a!@ %"("'!# )!# a)6'(!# 56" %i"("( 6(a iic6)%a "#$"c7ica "( ") "c!(!ci'i"(%! " $a)aba# #i( 56" "+i#%a( ca6#a# a$a"(%"#.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
9
Tema 18: Lectura en EP
D)*l7)0. S" $6"" "ci 56" )a i#)"+ia #" "i"" a a56"))a# $"#!(a# 56" %i"("( 6(a iic6)%a "( )!# '"ca(i#'!# "#$"c7ic!# " )a )"c%6a "( a6#"(cia " *ici% i(%")"c%6a). A(%"# " %a%a ',# "#$"c7ica'"(%" )!# %a#%!(!# " )a )"c%6a a? 56" ac" 6(a $i'"a i#%i(ci( "(%" i#)"+ia# a56iia# ? i#)"+ia# "&!)6%i&a#. La# $i'"a# #!( )a# 56" caac%"i9a( a )a# $"#!(a# 56"@ a6(56" $"&ia'"(%" "a( )"c%!"# c!'$"%"(%"#@ a( $"i! "#%a abi)ia c!'! c!(#"c6"(cia " 6(a )"#i( c""ba)@ 'i"(%a# 56" )a# "&!)6%i&a# "(4)!ba( )a# $"#!(a# 56" "+$"i'"(%a( iic6)%a"# "( )a a56i#ici( i(icia) " )a )"c%6a. C!'! "'!# &i#%! "( )!# $6(%!# a(%"i!"#@ )a )"c%6a #" c!'$!(" " i&"#!# $!c"#!#@ $6i"(! "(c!(%a#" ") $!b)"'a "( c6a)56i"a " "))!#. E) %*'i(! i#)"+ia 4"("a)'"(%" #" a$)ica a )!# *ici%# "( ") $!c"#a'i"(%! )*+ic!@ $"! %a'bi*( a? 56" c!(#i"a a )!# $!c"#!# #i(%,c%ic!# ? #"',(%ic! c!'! c!'$!("(%"# "#"(cia)"# " )a )"c%6a.
D54))+* , lo* &!o*o* &!&+)2o*: -
Di#)"+ia# $"i*ica# D6a(%" ba#%a(%"# a8!# #" c"7a 56" )a i#)"+ia #" $!6c7a $!56" 6(a )"#i( a"c%aba a)
c!(%!) " )!# '!&i'i"(%!# !c6)a"#. P"! ',# %a" #" "'!#% 56" ") $!b)"'a (! "i&aba " 6( c!(%!) !c6)!'!%! ',# $!b". U( %aba! " Ti(" 1H:>J a$!?a "#%a c!(c)6#i(@ ?a 56" i(%"(% "(%"(a ") #i#%"'a !c6)!'!%! ? (! "(c!(% (i(46(a '"!7a "( )a )"c%6a. A $"#a " "#ca%a )! a(%"i!@ #i a? #6"%!# 56" a6(56" (! $a"c"( (i(4( *ici% $"c"$%i&!@ #i c!'"(%"( "!"# c!( "#%7'6)!# )i(467#%ic!#. S!( #6"%!# 56" %i"("( iic6)%a"# $aa i"(%iica )"%a# ? $a)aba#@ $"! (! $aa i"(%iica !%a c)a#" " "#%7'6)!#@ i(c)6#! ',# c!'$)"!#. A "#%a# iic6)%a"# "( )a i"(%iicaci( " )!# #i4(!# )i(467#%ic!# #" )a# "(!'i(a( i#)"+ia# $"i*ica#. E( "#%" %i$! " i#)"+ia# $!"'!# i""(cia ca%"4!7a# - Di#)"+ia a%"(ci!(a) #!( #6"%!# i(ca$ac"# " i"(%iica )a# )"%a# c6a(! !'a( $a%" " 6(a $a)aba. - Di#)"+ia &i#6a) ") $!b)"'a $i(ci$a) 56" $"#"(%a( #!( )!# "!"# " %i$! &i#6a)@ c!'! $! ""'$)!@ )"" #!) !(" ic" #a) ! '"#a !(" ic" 'i#a.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
10
Tema 18: Lectura en EP Ka? 56" %"(" '6c! c6ia! "( ") ia4(#%ic! " "#%!# #6"%!#@ %"(i"(! '6? "( c6"(%a #6 c6)%6a@ ?a 56" )!# (i8!# " !i4"( ,ab" $6""( c!'"%" "#%!# "!"# ? (! #" i#)*+ic!#. - Di#)"+ia )"%a a )"%a )!# #6"%!# c!( "#%" %i$! " i#)"+ia@ $aa )"" 6(a $a)aba %i"("( 56" )"" caa 6(a " )a# %"%a# 56" )a c!'$!("(. P! ""'$)!@ )a $a)aba 'a(! 'a(!@ )a )""7a( c!'! '@a@(@!@'a(!.
D54))+* , l !o,o)m),+o - l0* &0l03!0*. E( "#%" $6(%! &a'!# a c"(%a(!# "( )a# i#)"+ia# c"(%a)"#@ 56" #!( $!6cia# "( )a# 6%a# 56" c!("c%a( )!# #i4(!# 4,ic!# c!( ") #i4(iica!. S!( #6"%!# 56" (! %i"("( (i(4( $!b)"'a $"c"$%i&!@ #i"(! #6 ""c6ci( c!( "#%7'6)!# &i#6a)"# (!'a)@ a6(56" #!( i(ca$ac"# " "c!(!c" )a# $a)aba#. E( 6(ci( " c6a) #"a )a 6%a 56" a))a@ )!# #7(%!'a# #",( i#%i(%!# ? #" ab)a, " i#%i(%!# %i$!# " i#)"+ia. aJ Di#)"+ia !(!)4ica S!( #6"%!# 56" %i"("( "%"i!aa )a 6%a !(!)4ica@ ? )! 56" )""( )! ac"( $! )a 6%a &i#6a). L""( bi"( )a# $a)aba# "46)a"# a'i)ia"# ? )a# i"46)a"#. N! $6""( )"" )a# $#"6!$a)aba# (i )a# $a)aba# "#c!(!cia#@ ?a 56" (! $6""( 6%i)i9a ") '"ca(i#'! " c!(&"#i( " 4a"'a# a !("'a# $6""( )"" ca#a $"! (! ca#6J. E"c%! "( )a "c6"(cia )""( $,c%ica'"(%" ") 1 " )a# $a)aba# a'i)ia"#J@ $"! (! " )a )!(4i%6 (i " )a "46)aia " )a# $a)aba#. Ab6(a( )!# "!"# &i#6a)"# "( )a# $#"6!$a)aba# 56" #" $a"c"( a )a# $a)aba#@ c!( ab6(a(%"# )"+ica)i9aci!("# a(%i46! $! a(%i46! $)a?a $! b)a?aJ. E!"# "( )a )"c%6a " $a)aba# $a"cia# i'" $! !'aJ. I46a)'"(%" i()6?"( )!# "!"# '!!)4ic!# ! "i&a%i&!#@ "( )!# 56" 'a(%i"("( )a a79 $"! ca'bia( ") #6i! a(aba $! a(a #a)7a'!# $! #a)i!J. P6""( c!'"%" "!"# "( )a# $a)aba# 6(ci!(a)"# ") $! 6(J@ "( 'a?! $!$!ci( 56" "( )a# " c!(%"(i!.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
11
Tema 18: Lectura en EP bJDi#)"+ia #6$"icia) L""( c!( )a 6%a !(!)4ica@ ? )a 56" "#%, "%"i!aa "# )a &i#6a). P6""( )"" )a# $a)aba# "46)a"#@ 6"#"( ! (! a'i)ia"#@ " i(c)6#! )a# $#"6!$a)aba#@ $"! #"7a( i(ca$ac"# " )"" )a# $a)aba# 56" (! #" a6#%a( a )a# "4)a# " c!(&"#i( 4a"'a a !("'a. cJDi#)"+ia $!6(a C6a(! ") %a#%!(! abaca a'ba# 6%a# ? #" $!6ci,( a'b!# #7(%!'a#.
P!o3lm0* o, l &!o*0m),+o *),++)o: Ka? #6"%!# 56" #!( ca$ac"# " "c!(!c" #i( iic6)%a )a# $a)aba# $"! aca#a( "( !%!# (i&")"# #6$"i!"#. A6(56" a "#%!# #6"%!# (! #" )"# #6")" ))a'a i#)*+ic!#@ %a'bi*( $"#"(%a( %a#%!(!# "( )a )"c%6a. E) $!b)"'a "# 56" )!# (i8!# #!( i(ca$ac"# " c!'bi(a )a# $a)aba# "( )a "#%6c%6a #i(%,c%ica c!"#$!(i"(%". A "#%" $!b)"'a #" )" #6")" ))a'a A4a'a%i#'!@ ? )a# caac%"7#%ica# ',# c!'6("# #!( )a iic6)%a $aa 6#a )a# $a)aba# 6(ci!(a)"#@ !"( " )a# $a)aba# c!"c%a'"(%"@ ai!#@ "%c. C!'! "#6)%a! " "#%" $!b)"'a@ #6 )"(46a" 4"("a)'"(%" "# c!( a#"# c!%a#@ " "#%6c%6a #i(%,c%ica '6? #i'$)" ? #6 )"(46a" $a"c" %")"4,ic!.
P!o3lm0* , l0 om&!,*)9, l+o!0: L!# #6"%!# c!( iic6)%a "( ") c!'$!("(%" #"',(%ic! #!( i(ca$ac"# " "+%a" 6( #i4(iica! " )a )"c%6a ? " "#%ab)"c" c!("+i( "(%" ") '"(#a" 56" "#%a )"?"(! ? #6# c!(!ci'i"(%!#. C!'! ca#! "+%"'! "#%, )a i#)"+ia #"',(%ica@ 56" "# c!'! c6a(! )""'!# "( 6( ii!'a 56" (! c!(!c"'!#. - La# iic6)%a"# ',# c!'6("# "( ") $)a(! #"',(%ic! #!( Diic6)%a"# $aa !'a i"a# #i'$)"# "(%! " 6(a a#". N! ca$%a )a i"a. Diic6)%a"# $aa "#ac%i&a #i4(iica!# (! $"%i("(%"# "( 6( c!(%"+%! a!.
"a)i9a i(""(cia# a(aica#.
!'a 'ac!i"a#.
"46)a ") $!c"#! " c!'$"(#i(.
ba#aa# "( ") c!(!ci'i"(%!.
FUNDAMENTACION LEGAL: LA LECTURA EN EL CURRÍCULO DE LA EP
Centro de Estudios Ágora
12
Tema 18: Lectura en EP La )"c%6a "( EP c!(#%i%6?" 6( b)!56" %"',%ic! c!'$)"%! ? 6( (c)"! " c!(%"(i!# ") c67c6)! " L"(46a Ca#%"))a(a ? Li%"a%6a "( E6caci( Pi'aia "(!'i(a! =)!56" 2 L"" ? "#cibi@ c6?a# !i"(%aci!("# !icia)"# #" "c!4"( "( )!# #i46i"(%"# !c6'"(%!# )"4i#)a%i&!# - LOE@ MEC 2;J ? LECAN@ a% /2@ $i(ci$i!# $"a44ic!# " )a EP in !er"uicio de su tratamiento es!ec#$ico en a%gunas de %as &reas de %a eta!a' %a com!rensi(n %ectora' %a e)!resi(n ora% * escrita' %a comunicaci(n audio+isua%' %as tecno%og#as de %a in$ormaci(n * %a comunicaci(n * %a educaci(n en +a%ores se tra,a"ar&n en todas e%%as5- . $in de $omentar e% /&,ito de %a %ectura se dedicar& un tiem!o diario a %a misma' destinado a% desarro%%o de actuaciones de me"ora de %a com!etencia %ectora * de% $omento de% /&,ito %ector en e% a%umnado' de acuerdo con %o ue esta,%eca %a Conse"er#a de Educaci(n- En %os /orarios de% &rea de %engua caste%%ana * %iteratura de% !rimer cic%o de esta eta!a se inc%uir& un tiem!o es!ec#$ico semana% destinado a ta% $in6- En %a im!artici(n de %as enseanas corres!ondientes a esta eta!a' es!ecia%mente en %as &reas de Lengua caste%%ana * %iteratura' Lenguas e)tran"eras * atem&ticas' se de,er& incidir en en$oues comunicati+os' sociocu%tura%es' $unciona%es * !r&cticos- R"a) D"c"%! 1:1/2; MEC@ 2;J ? D"c"%! :;2< C!(#""7a " E6caci( " Ca(%abiaJ - Ob"%i&!# G"("a)"# " )a "%a$a " E6caci( Pi'aia 56" ac"( """(cia a )a )"c%6a ? a )a c!'$"(#i( "J Conocer * uti%iar de manera a!ro!iada %a %engua caste%%ana * desarro%%ar /&,itos de %ecturaOb"%i&!# G"("a)"# ") "a " L"(46a Ca#%"))a(a ? Li%"a%6a 56" ac"( """(cia a )a )"c%6a ? a )a c!'$"(#i( -
Com!render di$erentes ti!os de discursos' +er,a%es * no +er,a%es' ora%es' escritos e iconogr&$icos' inter!ret&ndo%os con actitud cr#tica' as# como a!%icar %a com!rensi(n e inter!retaci(n de %os mismos' de $orma adecuada' a nue+as situaciones de comunicaci(n en %os di$erentes conte)tos de %a acti+idad socia% * cu%tura%-
-
ti%iar %a %ectura como $uente de !%acer' de in$ormaci(n' de a!rendia"e * de enriuecimiento !ersona%' * a!ro)imarse a o,ras re%e+antes de %a tradici(n %iteraria !ara desarro%%ar /&,itos de %ectura-
-
esarro%%ar %a com!etencia %ectora mediante e% uso adecuado de %as estrategias !ro!ias de %a com!rensi(n' re$%e)i(n' contraste de o!ini(n * uso de %a ma*or di+ersidad !osi,%e de ti!os de te)tos %iterarios * de gneros di+ersos' adecuados en cuanto a tem&tica * com!%e"idad' e iniciarse en %os conocimientos de %as con+enciones es!ec#$icas de% %engua"e %iterario' +a%or&ndo%o-
Centro de Estudios Ágora
13
Tema 18: Lectura en EP
E) %a%a'i"(%! i,c%ic! " )!# c!(!ci'i"(%!# ") 3lo' ;L! < *!)3)! "b" c!(%ib6i a) "#a!))! " )a# Com&+,)0* =*)0*" *&)0lm,+ l0 Com&+,)0 , Com,)0)9,
L),/>?*+)0@ ") )"(46a" "# 6( i(#%6'"(%! " c!'6(icaci(@ !a) ! "#ci%a@ 56" #i&" $aa "$"#"(%a@ i(%"$"%a ? c!'$"(" )a "a)ia@ $aa c!(#%6i ? c!'6(ica ") c!(!ci'i"(%! ? $aa !4a(i9a ? a6%!"46)a ") $"(#a'i"(%!@ )a# "'!ci!("# ? )a c!(6c%a. A)ca(9a $!4"#i&a'"(%" )a c!'$"%"(cia )i(4B7#%ica $"'i%" a) a)6'(a! a6"8a#" " )!# c!(!ci'i"(%!#@ )a# "#%"9a# ? ac%i%6"# 56" )" $"'i%i,( "+$"#a $"(#a'i"(%!#@ "'!ci!("# ? !$i(i!("#@ a#7 c!'! 6%i)i9a ") i,)!4!@ 4"("a i"a#@ "#%6c%6a ") c!(!ci'i"(%!@ a!$%a "ci#i!("# ? i#6%a "#c6ca(!@ )"?"(! ? "+$"#,(!#" !a)'"(%" ! $! "#ci%! . S" "#%ab)"c"( )!# #i46i"(%"# o,+,)-o* $aa ") =lo' . L"" ? "#cibi R"a) D"c"%! 1:1/2; ? D"c"%! :;2
=)!56" 2. L"" ? "#cibi E) a$"(i9a" " )a )"c%6a ? " )a c!'$!#ici(@ $"#"(%a $!4"#i&a'"(%" (i&")"# " c!'$)"ia "( )a $)a(iicaci( ? "#%6c%6aci( " )!# %"+%!# ? 6(a 'a?! i&"#iicaci( "( )!# c!(%"+%!#. M6? "#$"cia)'"(%"@ #" a " c!(#!)ia "( "#%a "%a$a ") !'i(i! " )a# %*c(ica# 4,ica#@ )a ")aci( #!(i!-4a7a@ )a# (!'a# !%!4,ica# c!(&"(ci!(a)"# ? )a i#$!#ici( ") %"+%! "( )a $,4i(a@ %"(i"(! "( c6"(%a 56" )a i(c!$!aci( " )a# %"c(!)!47a# " )a i(!'aci( ? )a c!'6(icaci( (! "b" !b&ia ") a$"(i9a" " )!# 6i'"(%!# " "#ci%6a a6%(!'!# #!cia)'"(%" ")"&a(%"# ? &a)!a!#.
P! )%i'!@ $!"'!# !b#"&a )a "&!)6ci( " )a# "+i4"(cia# "( )a )"c%6a a %a&*# ") a(,)i#i# " )!# ci%"i!# " "&a)6aci( " )!# i""(%"# cic)!# Pi'" cic)! 3- Ca!tar e% sentido g%o,a% de te)tos ora%es de uso /a,itua%' identi$icando %a in$ormaci(n m&s re%e+ante Este criterio /ace re$erencia a %a ca!acidad !ara com!render te)tos ora%es de %a +ida cotidiana' tanto de% au%a como de su entorno m&s !r()imo- e re$iere' en este !rimer cic%o' a %a o,tenci(n de in$ormaciones g%o,a%es o mu* concretas ue %es !ermitan rea%iar tareas o !artici!ar en %a +ida de% au%a- Este criterio uiere e+a%uar' tam,in' si /an desarro%%ado cierta com!etencia !ara re$%e)ionar' de $orma mu* e%ementa%' so,re %os mecanismos de com!rensi(n de %os te)tos * %as $ormas en ue se !roducen %os di$erentes mensa"es4- Loca%iar in$ormaci(n concreta * rea%iar in$erencias directas en %a %ectura de te)tos-
Centro de Estudios Ágora
14
Tema 18: Lectura en EP Con este criterio se !retende e+a%uar %a ca!acidad !ara detectar * entender in$ormaci(n o ideas re%e+antes indicadas e)!%#citamente en %os te)tos in$ormaciones !untua%es en a+isos' notas' in+itaciones' !&ginas e, senci%%as * te)tos esco%ares as# como si !ueden trascender e% signi$icado su!er$icia% !ara e)traer in$erencias directas ,asadas en e% te)to S"46(! cic)! 3- Ca!tar e% sentido de te)tos ora%es de uso /a,itua%' reconociendo %as ideas !rinci!a%es * secundariasCon este criterio se uiere e+a%uar %a com!etencia !ara o,tener' se%eccionar * re%acionar in$ormaci(n re%e+ante !rocedente de situaciones /a,itua%es en e% au%a' ue se !roducen tanto !ara re%acionarse como !ara a!render' * %as ue se dan en e% entorno socia% $ami%ia' radio' T;<- Este criterio uiere e+a%uar' tam,in' si /an desarro%%ado cierta com!etencia !ara re$%e)ionar so,re %os mecanismos de com!rensi(n de %os te)tos * so,re %a uti%idad !ara a!render a a!render ue %a re$%e)i(n so,re %os !rocedimientos uti%iados com!orta4- Loca%iar * recu!erar in$ormaci(n e)!%#cita * rea%iar in$erencias directas en %a %ectura de te)tos- Con este criterio se !retende +a%orar si son ca!aces de detectar * entender in$ormaci(n o ideas re%e+antes e)!%#citas en %os te)tos cartas en e% &m,ito esco%ar' normas de c%ase' reg%as de "uego' noticias' cartas a% director' te)tos esco%ares' as# como trascender e% signi$icado su!er$icia% !ara e)traer in$erencias directas ,asadas en e% te)to: acontecimientos !redeci,%es' deducir e% !ro!(sito de %os te)tos o identi$icar a%gunas genera%iaciones e$ectuadas en e% te)toT"c" cic)! 3- Ca!tar e% sentido de te)tos ora%es' reconociendo %as ideas !rinci!a%es * secundarias e identi$icando ideas' o!iniones * +a%ores no e)!%#citose trata de e+a%uar %a com!etencia !ara o,tener' se%eccionar * re%acionar in$ormaciones !rocedentes de %os medios de comunicaci(n * de% conte)to esco%ar' es!ecia%mente %as de ti!o es!acia%' tem!ora% * de secuencia %(gica =gua%mente !retende e+a%uar si son ca!aces de a!render m&s a%%& de% sentido %itera% de% te)to * de rea%iar deducciones e in$erencias so,re su contenido' de distinguir in$ormaci(n * o!ini(n * de inter!retar a%gunos e%ementos im!%#citos como %a iron#a o e% do,%e sentido- .simismo' se uiere e+a%uar si /an desarro%%ado cierta com!etencia !ara re$%e)ionar so,re %os mecanismos de com!rensi(n de %os te)tos * %a uti%idad !ara a!render a a!render ue com!orta %a re$%e)i(n so,re %os !rocedimientos uti%iados4- Loca%iar * recu!erar in$ormaci(n e)!%#cita * rea%iar in$erencias en %a %ectura de te)tos determinando %os !ro!(sitos !rinci!a%es de stos e inter!retando e% do,%e sentido de a%gunos- Este criterio uiere e+a%uar si son ca!aces de ,uscar' %oca%iar *
Centro de Estudios Ágora
15
Tema 18: Lectura en EP se%eccionar in$ormaci(n o ideas re%e+antes ue a!arecen e)!%#citas en %os te)tos con+ocatorias' !rogramas de acti+idades' !%anes de tra,a"o actuando de modo acorde a %o ue en e%%as se indica> in$ormarse so,re /ec/os !r()imos a su e)!eriencia en %os medios de comunicaci(n' uti%iando %a %ectura r&!ida de titu%ares * entradi%%as !ara antici!ar e% contenido g%o,a%> uti%iar de% su,ra*ado * otras tcnicas !ara determinar %as ideas !rinci!a%es * %as secundarias e)!%#citas en %os te)tos esco%ares- Tam,in se de,e e+a%uar %a ca!acidad !ara trascender e% signi$icado su!er$icia% * e)traer in$erencias directas: inducir acontecimientos !redeci,%es' deducir e% !ro!(sito de %os te)tos o identi$icar a%gunas genera%iaciones- =nc%uso ca!tar e% do,%e sentido o %as iron#as- En %os te)tos %iterarios' se de,e e+a%uar %a identi$icaci(n de% moti+o !rinci!a% de a%gunos !oemas o %a ca!acidad !ara seguir re%atos no %inea%es' * tam,in %a /a,i%idad !ara com!render %as re%aciones entre %os !ersona"es de %as /istorias' cuando no a!arecen e)!%#citos o antici!ar determinados acontecimientos
TÉCNICAS Y ESTRATEGIAS DE COMPRESIÓN LECTORA EN DIFERENTES SITUACIONES DE COMUNICACIÓN Y CON DIFERENTES TIPOS DE TEXTOS. TIPOS DE COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA (Sol5" 1##% L!# i#%i(%!# %i$!# #!( a. Li%"a) "c!(!ci'i"(%! ? "c6"! " )!# "c!# %a) ? c!'! a$a"c"( "( ") %"+%!. b. I(%"$"%a%i&a $!$ia " )!# )"c%!"# ac%i&!#. S6$!(" c!(#%6i ") #i4(iica! "+%a7! ") %"+%!. c. E&a)6a%i&a $!$ia " )"c%!"# "+$"%!#. S6$!(" )a !'aci( " 6ici!# " &a)! ? !$i(i!("# ac"ca " )! 56" #" )"". . A$"cia%i&a $!$ia " )"c%!"# c!(#6'a!#. E# ") 4a! "( 56" a"c%a a) )"c%! ") c!(%"(i! ") %"+%!. D6a(%" )a EP ") a)6'(a! $6"" ))"&a a cab! 6(a c!'$"(#i( )i%"a) " )!# %"+%!#@ ? a) i(a) " "))a@ a)46(!# ?a "#%a7a( ca$aci%a!# $aa "#a!))a 6(a c!'$"(#i( i(%"$"%a%i&a. D"$"(", " )! "+i4"(%" 56" a?a #i! ") (i8!a c!( )a )"c%6a ? c!( )!# i#%i(%!# %i$!# " %"+%!. L! 56" 6( (i8! ac" c6a(! #" "("(%a a 6( %"+%!@ a) i46a) 56" )!# a6)%!# "# F!'6)a i$%"#i# C!'$!ba )a i$%"#i# A&a(9a ! "%!c"" "( )a )"c%6a@ $aa c!(i'a ! ca'bia (6"#%a i"a. P! )! 56" "b"'!# "(#"8a a (6"#%!# a)6'(!# )a# #i46i"(%"# abi)ia"# • • • •
A(%ici$a ") c!(%"(i! L"c%6a i(%"ac%i&a 6a(%" )a )"c%6a $"(#a'!#@ i'a4i(a'!#@ !'6)a'!# $"46(%a# R"ca$i%6)aci( " )! )"7! ")ab!a 6(a "$"#"(%aci( 4)!ba) ") %"+%! A'$)iaci( " )a )"c%6a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
16
Tema 18: Lectura en EP La "&a)6aci( " )a c!'$"(#i( )"c%!a "b" ""i#" a !b"%i&!# ? a )a i(a)ia " )a )"c%6a "# $""ib)" !'6)a $"46(%a# 56" "#%i'6)"( )a ")"+i(@ ") a$"(i9a" "6ci #i4(iica! " 6(a $a)aba $! ") c!(%"+%!@ i"(%iica "c!# ")"&a(%"#J ? #" $6""( ))"&a a cab! ac%i&ia"# " )"c%6a $! $a%" ") $!"#! c!'! )"c%6a "( &!9 a)%a@ )"c%6a " %"+%!# i(c!'$)"%!#@ "c!(#%6i %"+%!# "#!"(a!#J
TÉCNICAS Y ESTRATEGIAS DE COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA E*+!0+/)0* Q6* "#%a%"4ia# "# ("c"#ai! "(#"8a
P!)o!)@0! l0 !4l7)9, < l &,*0m),+o !?+)o" 0*? omo l0 0&l)0)9, -l o,o)m),+o *o3! l 0&!,-)@0 mmo!?*+)o. -
La# %a"a# c"aa# %i"("( '6c! 56" &" c!( ") a$"(i9a" '"c,(ic! acci!("# c!'! c!$ia ! "$"%i (! a( )64a a (i(4( %i$! " a$"(i9a" ")"+i&!.
-
Ta"a# "( %!(! a 6(a )"c%6a o
C!'$"(#i( 4)!ba) i"a $i(ci$a) " i(%"(ci!(a)ia.
o
I(!'aci( "+%a" )a i(!'aci( ") %"+%!.
o
I(%"$"%a "+%a" ") #i4(iica!.
o
R")"+i( #!b" ") c!(%"(i! ")aci( c!( )!# c!(!ci'i"(%!# $"&i!#.
o
R")"+i( #!b" )!# a#$"c%!# !'a)"# "#%6c%6a@ 'aca!"#@ $"#"(%aci(.
o
E&a)6aci( &a)!aci( ? c!(#%6cci( " 6(a !$i(i( ba#aa "( *#%a@ a46'"(%aci(.
P!o&o,! *)+0)o,* - 0&!,-)@0 ' 7)0, l0 &*+0 , m0!B0 - &!o*o* o/,)+)2o* -)2!*o*. -
L"" 6( %"+%! #i4(iica i(%"$"%a)!@ "#cia i(%"(ci!("#@ %"(" 6(a '"%a@ '!&i)i9a "$"#"(%aci!("#.
-
Ta"a# )i4aa# a #i%6aci!("# "a)"#@ c"(%aa# "( )a# #i46i"(%"# acci!("# "c!(!c"@ i#ci'i(a@ a(a)i9a@ a$)ica@ "#!)&"@ )!ca)i9a@ i"(%iica@ c!'$aa.
A,+ ,0 &!o&*+0 - l+!0 l &!o*o !4l7)2o * ,+!0 , +!* &0*o*: -
L0 0,+))&0)9,: Ob"%i&!@ i(%"(ci(. Ti$! " %"+%!@ a6%!. E) %7%6)! (!# ac"ca a )a $"icci( #!b" ") %"'a. L! 56" #ab"'!# i(icia)'"(%". E#%ab)"c"'!# ") %i$! " )"c%6a ? )! 56" &a'!# a ("c"#i%a ac" #"4( ") %"+%! " 56" #" %a%".
Centro de Estudios Ágora
17
Tema 18: Lectura en EP -
M),+!0* lmo*: C!'$!baci( " )a i$%"#i#. N6"&a i(!'aci(. M!iicaci( "( )a !'a " )"c%6a.
-
D*&5* - l!: R"&i#i( " )a ac%i&ia "a)i9aa S" a( c6'$)i! )a# "+$"c%a%i&a# C!'$"(#i( ") %"+%! P!#ib)"# '!iicaci!("# a )a )"c%6a "a)i9aa
T5,)0* Q6* %*c(ica# #" $6""( 6%i)i9a L0* +5,)0* - 0,l)*)*: aci)i%a( )a &i#i( 4)!ba)@ $"'i%"( "#"(%a'a )a "#%6c%6a@ aci)i%a( )a c!'$"(#i(@ )a $!6(i9aci(@ ")aci( "(%" a%!#. S!( i'$"#ci(ib)"# $aa ")ab!a #7(%"#i#. Ka? %"# %i$!# a. D" "a)c" #i%6a "( ") 'a4"( ") %"+%! #i4(!# ! $a)aba# c)a&" 56" "( a)46(a """(cia. b. D" a(,)i#i# "#%6c%6a) a(!%a i(ica!"# " #7(%"#i# $acia) 56" $"'i%" c!'$"(" " 6( 4!)$" " &i#%a ")"'"(%!# "#%6c%6a)"# ") %"+%!. c. S6ba?a! #i&" $aa "#%aca a%!# ? c!(c"$%!# "#"(cia)"# ") %"+%!. D"b" ac"#" "#$6*# " )a $"-)"c%6a ? )"c%6a c!'$)"%a. L0* +5,)0* - *?,+*)*: $"'i%"( )a c!'$!#ici( " 6( %"+%! a $a%i ") a(,)i#i# " #6# $a%"#@ $"#"(%a, #i"'$" 6(a "6cci( " #6 "+%"(#i(. E+i#%"( '6ca# %*c(ica# " "#%a#@ 56" #" caac%"i9a( $! #6 b"&"a ? c!(ci#i( ? $! )a aci)ia " c!'$"(#i(. La# ',# i'$!%a(%"# #!( a. R"#6'"( a#$"c%!# "#"(cia)"# " 6( %"'a. P"#"(%a )a i(!'aci( " !'a $"#!(a) ? c!("(#aa. b. E#56"'a "+$"#i( a %a&*# " 6(a "#%6c%6a b,#ica " i"a# 6(a'"(%a)"# " 6( %"+%!. Ka? ") "#56"'a " ))a&"# ! ") (6'*ic!. c. Ma$a# " c!(%"(i! ! c!(c"$%6a)"# #" $"#"(%a( i#%i(%!# c!(%"(i!# ? )a# ")aci!("# "(%" "))!#. . C6a! #i($%ic! c6a! " !b)" "(%aa@ a )a i956i"a #" #i%a( )!# ")"'"(%!# 56" #" c!'$aa( ? aiba ") !b"%! " "#%6i! ! c!'$aaci(.
T5,)0 - Ro3),*o, S6R: ") "#%6i! #" ))"&a a cab! a %a&*# " )a# : a#"# #i'b!)i9aa# $! )a# i(icia)"# " )!# %*'i(!# i(4)"#"#. La# !# )%i'a# (! )a# "+$!(* ?a 56" i(ci"( "( )a "%"(ci( ? '"'!i9aci(. SW#6&"? &i#i( 4"("a). C!(#"46i i(!'aci( 4)!ba) " c!(%"(i! ") %"'a. QW56"#%i!( $"46(%a. S" a "'!#%a! 56" )a "icacia "$"(" "( b6"(a '"ia " )a ca$acia $aa "(c!(%a "#$6"#%a# a i(%"!4a(%"# ? $aa "))! )!# a)6'(!# #" %i"("( 56" !'6)a $"46(%a# c!( a(%"i!ia.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
18
Tema 18: Lectura en EP /RW"a 1J )"" ") 'a%"ia) " !'a 56" )a# $"46(%a# 56""( c!(%"#%aa#.
L0 *,)0l)@0)9,: i(%"4a a(,)i#i# ? #7(%"#i#. P"%"(" "+%a" i(!'aci( c"(%a) " !'a "ica9 ? ,$ia@ 4"("a i$%"#i# ? b6#ca i(!'aci( "( i#%i(%a# 6"(%"# ? c!'$a%i)a c!( #6# c!'$a8"!#.
COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA EN DIFERENTES SITUACIONES DE COMUNICACIÓN Y CON DIFERENTES TIPOS DE TEXTOS E( ") a$"(i9a" " )a )"(46a "# 6(a'"(%a) ") "#a!))! " 6(a #"i" " c!'$"%"(cia# c!'6(ica%i&a# a %a&*# " )a# c6a)"# (i8!# ? (i8a# 6%i)ic"( )a )"(46a@ %a(%! a (i&") !a) c!'! "#ci%!@ "( #i%6aci!("# "a)"# " )a &ia c!%iia(a. E) (i8! "b", $!(" "( 6"4! 6( c!(6(%! " $!c"#!# ? c!(!ci'i"(%!# )i(4B7#%ic!#@ #!ci!)i(4B7#%ic!#@ "#%a%*4ic!# ? i#c6#i&!# $aa $!6ci ! c!'$"(" i#c6#!# a"c6a!# a )a #i%6aci( ! a) c!(%"+%! " c!'6(icaci( ? a) 4a! " !'a)i9aci( "56"i!. Dica# c!'$"%"(cia# %i"("( 6(a "#%"ca ")aci( c!( )a ca$acia $aa !b#"&a )a# #i%6aci!("# c!'6(ica%i&a# i(a)ia@ $a%ici$a(%"#@ )64a !(" #" $!6c" ") i(%"ca'bi!...J a#7 c!'! $aa "%"'i(a@ " !'a %!a&7a i(%6i%i&a@ #6# caac%"7#%ica# ? $!c"" " 'a("a a"c6aa. E# $! %!! "))! 56" ") c67c6)! " "#%a "%a$a #" a%ic6)a a)""! " 6( "" 56" "# ") 6#! #!cia) " )a )"(46a "( )!# i""(%"# c!(%"+%!# $i&a!# ? $b)ic!#@ a'i)ia"# ? "#c!)a"#. E) 6#! !a) i(!'a) ") 6#! "#$!(%,("! "(%" i(%")!c6%!"# c!( %a%! "c6"(%" ? a'i)iaJ "# !b"%! " !b#"&aci( ? a(,)i#i# c!( ") i( " "c!(!c" )a# (!'a# #!ci!-c!'6(ica%i&a# 56" i4"( ") i(%"ca'bi!@ $aa !b#"&a )a# "#%a%"4ia# 56" $!("( "( 6(ci!(a'i"(%! )!# ab)a(%"# c!( ") i( " )!4a 6(a c!'6(icaci( #a%i#ac%!ia ? $aa "c!(!c" ? ci%ica "#%""!%i$!# ? $"6ici!#@ %a(%! #!cia)"# c!'! #!ci!)i(4B7#%ic!#. E) 6#! !a) !'a) ? ") "#ci%! %i"("( '6c!# a#$"c%!# c!'6("# %"'a $"ia!@ $)a(iicaci( ") c!(%"(i!@ #i(%a+i# ? )*+ic!@ #6"ci( a 6(a (!'a "#%,(a...J ? a? (6'"!#a# #i%6aci!("# " c!'6(icaci( 56" c!'bi(a( &ai!# 6#!# ? $"'i%"( ")aci!(a a'b!# a$"(i9a"# ? a$!?a 6(! "( !%!. E) a$"(i9a" " "#%" (i&") !'a) #" "a)i9a@ !b&ia'"(%"@ "( )a# #i%6aci!("# " i(%"acci( c!'6(ica%i&a 56" !"c" ") c!(%"+%! ") a6)a ? ") c"(%! "#c!)a. L!# '*%!!# ! $!$6"#%a# ba#a!# "( 6( "(!56" c!'6(ica%i&! a$6"#%a( $! )a a56i#ici( ? "#a!))! " c!'$"%"(cia# c!'6(ica%i&a#@ %abaa(! "#" ") c67c6)! "#c!)a " E6caci( Pi'aia@ c!(%"(i!# c!(c"$%6a)"#@ $!c"i'"(%a)"# ? ac%i%6i(a)"# "(%! " 6( c!(%"+%! "( ") 56" ") 6#! ? 'a("! ") )"(46a" #"a #i4(iica%i&!@ 4)!ba) ? 6(ci!(a).
Centro de Estudios Ágora
19
Tema 18: Lectura en EP E) ,4o' om,)0+)2o "( )a "(#"8a(9a " )a )"(46a $a%" " 6(a c!(c"$ci( i(,'ica " )a )"(46a@ "#a)%a ") &a)! ") '"(#a" ? )a ("c"#ia - !0! *)+0)o,* om,)0+)20* "( )a# 56" )a# $"#!(a# $6"a( 6%i)i9a )a )"(46a $aa c!'$"(" ? "+$"#a !$i(i!("#@ i(%""#"#@ 6a#... E#%! #i4(iica c"(%a ") $!c"#! " "(#"8a(9a-a$"(i9a" ") a)6'(a! "( ") a$"(i9a" " 6(a #"i" " "#%"9a# i#c6#i&a#@ c6?! !'i(i! "56i"" " $!c"i'i"(%!# ? c!(!ci'i"(%!# "+$)7ci%!# ac"ca ") 6(ci!(a'i"(%! ") )"(46a" "( %!a# #6# i'"(#i!("# a#7 6( !'i(i! " )!# ")"'"(%!# !'a)"# ? )a# (!'a# #!ci!)i(4B7#%ica# 56" $"#i"( )!# i(%"ca'bi!#. E#%a !i"(%aci( '"%!!)4ica %i"("@ $6"# c!'! o3+)2o &!),)&0l *+)ml0! l *o -l
l,/0 om,)0+)2o 30*,-o* , 0+)2)-0-* ' )m&l)', ,0 om,)0)9, !0l @ ac%i&ia"# 56" #6$!("( ))"&a a cab! %a"a# 56" $!$!ci!(a( 6( 6#! ") ii!'a c!'! #i#%"'a@ $aa )a "+$"#i( ") #i4(iica! ? 6( 6#! ") )"(46a" 56" "# #i4(iica%i&! $aa ") a)6'(! $!'!&i"(! " "#%" '!! ") a$"(i9a". D"#" "#%" "(!56" ") $a$") ") !c"(%" "# i(c!$!a %a"a# ")aci!(aa# c!( )a# ("c"#ia"# c!'6(ica%i&a# " )a &ia "a) " )!# a)6'(!# %"(i"(! "( c6"(%a )a# c!'$"%"(cia# c!'6(ica%i&a# 56" #" "b"( !'"(%a. E#%a# #!( •
C!'$"%"(cia )i(4B7#%ica !'i(i! ") ci4! )i(4B7#%ic!.
•
C!'$"%"(cia #!ci!)i(4B7#%ica ") )"(46a" #" $!6c" "( 6( c!(%"+%! #!cia)@ $! "))!@ ") a)6'(! "b" a$"(" ") 4a! " a"c6aci( c!( 56" #" ic" ! "#cib" a)4!.
•
C!'$"%"(cia i#c6#i&a i'$)ica ") !'i(i! #!b" c'! 6%i)i9a )a# !'a# 4a'a%ica)"# ? )!# #i4(iica!# a#%a c!(#"46i 6( %"+%! 6(iica! bi"( ab)a!@ bi"( "#ci%!.
•
C!'$"%"(cia "#%a%*4ica #" "i"" a) !'i(i! " )a# "#%a%"4ia# " c!'6(icaci( 56" $6""( 6%i)i9a#" $aa #!)6ci!(a iic6)%a"# " i(%"6$ci!("# "( )a c!'6(icaci(.
E( #7(%"#i#@ ") "" " )a "6caci( )i(4B7#%ica "( ") c67c6)! #!( )!# $!c"i'i"(%!# "(ca'i(a!# a) "#a!))! " )a# abi)ia"# " "+$"#i( ? c!'$"(#i( !a) ? "#ci%a@ "( c!(%"+%!# #!cia)"# #i4(iica%i&!# ")aci!(a!# c!( -
La# #i%6aci!("# c!'6(ica%i&a# ") a6)a a&i#!#@ i(#%6cci!("#@ c!(&"#aci!("# ! (aaci!("# " "c!# &i%a)"# ? #"(%i'i"(%!#J ? !%a# #i%6aci!("# c!'6(ica%i&a# abi%6a)"# i(!'aci!("#@ c!(&"#aci!("# "46)a!a# " )a c!(&i&"(cia@ i#c6#i!("# ! i(#%6cci!("#J.
-
La $a%ici$aci( ? c!!$"aci( "( #i%6aci!("# c!'6(ica%i&a# " ")aci( #!cia) "#$"cia)'"(%" )a# "#%i(aa# a a&!"c" )a c!(&i&"(cia "ba%"# ! i)"'a# '!a)"# "#%i(a!# a a&!"c" )a c!(&i&"(ciaJ@ c!( &a)!aci( ? "#$"%! " )a# (!'a# 56"
Centro de Estudios Ágora
20
Tema 18: Lectura en EP i4"( )a i(%"acci( !a) %6(!# " $a)aba@ $a$")"# i&"#!# "( ") i(%"ca'bi!@ %!(! " &!9@ $!#%6a# ? 4"#%!# a"c6a!#J. -
T"+%!# !a)"# $!c""(%"# " )a ai!@ )a %")"&i#i( ! I(%"("% c!( "#$"cia) i(ci"(cia "( )a (!%icia@ )a "(%"&i#%a@ ") "$!%a" i(a(%i) ? )!# "ba%"# ? c!'"(%ai!# " ac%6a)ia@ $aa !b%"(" i(!'aci( 4"("a) #!b" "c!# ? ac!(%"ci'i"(%!# 56" "#6)%"( #i4(iica%i&!# ? i#%i(46i"(! i(!'aci( " !$i(i(.
-
La# i(!'aci!("# a6i!&i#6a)"# $!c""(%"# " i""(%"# #!$!%"#.
-
La $!6cci( " %"+%!# !a)"# $aa a$"(" ? $aa i(!'a#"@ %a(%! )!# $!6ci!# c!( i(a)ia i,c%ica c!'! )!# " 6#! c!%iia(!@ " ca,c%" i(!'a) c!(&"#aci!("# "(%" i46a)"# ? "( ") "56i$! " %aba!J ? " 6( 'a?! 4a! " !'a)i9aci( "+$!#ici!("# " c)a#"@ "(%"&i#%a# ! "ba%"#J.
-
L!# '"i!# " c!'6(icaci( #!cia) c!'! i(#%6'"(%! " a$"(i9a" ? " acc"#! a i(!'aci!("# ? "+$"i"(cia# " !%a# $"#!(a#.
T)&o* - TEXTOS ' &o-mo* +)l)@0! Ta(%! )!# a6)%!# c!'! )!# (i8!# ("c"#i%a'!# "#cibi ? #!b" %!!@ )""@ i""(%"# %i$!# " %"+%!# (!%a#@ )i#%a#@ %6)!#@ ca%")"#@ a4"(a#@ icci!(ai!#@ )ib!#@... T!!# "#%!# %"+%!# $!#""( 6(a# caac%"7#%ica# "i(ia#@ #" "#cib"( ? #" )""( " '!!# "%"'i(a!#@... Y %i"("( 56" #" "(#"8a!# "( )a "#c6")a@ !(" (!# "(c!(%a'!# c!( )!# %"+%!# "(6'"a%i&!#@ i(!'a%i&!#@ )i%"ai!#@ "+$!#i%i&!# ? $"#ci$%i&!# ? " )!# 56" &a'!# a #"8a)a #6# caac%"7#%ica# "+$)ici%a(! #6# 6(ci!("# ? )!# '!")!# 56" $!"'!# 6#a "( ") 'ac! "#c!)a.
TEXTOS CONTINUOS. S!( %"+%!# c!(%i(6!# )!# 56" "#%,( c!'$6"#%!# $! !aci!("# i(c)6ia# "( $,a!# #6c"#i&!# 56" #" a))a( "(%! " "#%6c%6a# ',# a'$)ia# %a)"# c!'! #"cci!("#@ ca$7%6)!#@ "%c. E# "ci@ #" %a%a " %"+%!# 56" $"#"(%a( )a i(!'aci( " !'a #"c6"(ciaa ? $!4"#i&a.
T7+o* o,+),o* NARRATIVO
C0!0+!?*+)0 E( "#%" %i$! " %"+%! )a i(!'aci( ac" """(cia a )a# $!$i"a"# " )!#
Centro de Estudios Ágora
21
Tema 18: Lectura en EP !b"%!# c!( "#$"c%! a) %i"'$!. S6")"( "#$!(" a )a $"46(%a " c6,(! ! "( 56* !"(. G"("a)'"(%" #" c!(#%6?"( "( ba#" a )a c!'bi(aci( " ")"'"(%!# 56" "#a!))a( "c!# "a)"# ! i'a4i(ai!#@ "( "#$aci!# ? %i"'$!# "%"'i(a!#. S6 "#a!))! "#$!(" a (c)"!# %"',%ic!# 56" #" "#a!))a( "( 6(ci( a c!()ic%!#. P!#""( 6( i(ici!@ 6( c)7'a+ ? 6( ci"" ! i(a). P! ""'$)! )!# c6"(%!#@ a(*c!%a#@ ,b6)a#@ )"?"(a#@ "%c. EXPOSITIVO
E( "#%" %i$! " %"+%! )a i(!'aci( #" $"#"(%a "( !'a " c!(c"$%!#@ )!# 'i#'!# 56" #" $"#"(%a( " 'a("a a(a)7%ica. S6 i(a)ia "# bi(a 6(a "+$)icaci( #!b" ") '!! "( 56" #6# ")"'"(%!# c!(#%i%6%i&!# #" i(%"")aci!(a "( 6( %!! !%a! " #"(%i! ? #6")" "#$!(" a )a $"46(%a " c'!. E#%" %i$! " %"+%! #" !4a(i9a "( $,a!# "i(i!# $! i"a# $i(ci$a)"# " i"a# c!'$)"'"(%aia#@ )a# 'i#'a# 56" &a( $!4"#i&a'"(%" "+$)ica(! ? "%a))a(! i(!'aci(. P!"'!# c!(#i"a )!# i(!'"# ? a%7c6)!# aca*'ic!#. Ta'bi*( #" "(c6"(%a( i(c)6i!# a)46(!# %"+%!# $"i!7#%ic!# c!'! )!# a%7c6)!# " ac%6a)ia ? )!# "$!%a"#.
DESCRIPTIVO
E# ") %i$! " %"+%! "( ") 56" )a i(!'aci( ac" """(cia a )a# $!$i"a"# " )!# !b"%!# "( ") "#$aci!. S6 "#%6c%6a #" c!(#!)ia "( )a caac%"i9aci( ? $aa "))! 6%i)i9a )a a"%i&aci( ? )a c!'$aaci( c!'! "c6#!# ',# i'$!%a(%"#. T"("'!# c!'! ""'$)!# )a %!$!4a7a@ ") "%a%!@ "%!$"?a ? )a $!#!$!4a7a.
ARGUMENTATIVO E#%" %i$! " %"+%! $"#"(%a $!$!#ici!("# 56" #" #6#%"(%a( "( )a ")aci( "(%" c!(c"$%!# ? !%a# $!$!#ici!("#. P! #6 (a%6a)"9a "#$!(" a 6(a "#%6c%6a ab"a@ "# "ci@ a $a%i " 6(a $!$!#ici( ))a'aa %"#i# #" "#$"("( 6( c!(6(%! " $!$!#ici!("# "(!'i(aa# a46'"(%!# ? c!(%a-a46'"(%!#. S6 i(a)ia "# "'!#%a%i&a ? $"#6a#i&a $!56" b6#ca( 4"("a !$i(i( a a&! ! "( c!(%a ? "( !%!# ca#!#@ 6( ca'bi! " ac%i%6 ! c!'$!%a'i"(%!. L!# "(#a?!#@
)a#
'!(!4a7a#
?
)a#
"i%!ia)"#@
c!(#%i%6?"(
""'$)!#
"$"#"(%a%i&!#. INSTRUCTIVOS
E#%" %i$! " %"+%! $"#"(%a i(icaci!("# #!b" )! 56" #" "b" ac" "( "%"'i(aa# cic6(#%a(cia#. P6"" "#%6c%6a#" "( ba#" a $!c"i'i"(%!#@ (!'a#@ "4)a#@ 'a(a%!# "%c.@ 56" "#$"ciica( c!'$!%a'i"(%!# 56" #" "b"( a!$%a. C!"#$!("( a "#%" %i$! " %"+%!# )!# 'a(6a)"#@ "4)a'"(%!#@ "c"%a# ? 467a# " $!c"i'i"(%!#.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
22
Tema 18: Lectura en EP DOCUMENTARIO
T"+%! 56" #" ")ab!a c!( )a i(a)ia " (!'a)i9a ? c!(#"&a i(!'aci(.
FUNCIONALES
P! )! 4"("a) $!#""( 6(a "#%6c%6a ! !'a%! "i(i! ? #!( " ca,c%" i(#%i%6ci!(a) ? !'a). P! ""'$)! ") DNI@ )a# $a%ia# " (aci'i"(%!@ ca#a'i"(%! ! "6(ci( %a'bi*( )!# '"'!a(!@ )!# !ici!# ? #!)ici%6"#.
KIPERTEXTO
C!(#%i%6i! $! 6(a #"i" " a4'"(%!# ! "#%6c%6a# %"+%6a)"# &i(c6)aa# "(%" #7@ " %a) '!! 56" )a# 6(ia"# $6"a( )""#" "( i#%i(%! !"(@ "))! $"'i%" 56" ") )"c%! acc"a a i#%i(%a# 6%a# ? !'a# " ac"ca'i"(%! a) c!(%"(i! " )!# 'i#'!#. P! ""'$)! )a# "(cic)!$"ia#@ )!# icci!(ai!# %"',%ic!@ ") $"iic!@ )a# "&i#%a#@ "%c.
TEXTOS DISCONTINUOS .S!( %"+%!# i#c!(%i(6!# a56"))!# 56" (! #i46"( )a "#%6c%6a #"c6"(ciaa ? $!4"#i&a 6a(%" #6 "#a!))! #" %a%a " )i#%a#@ c6a!#@ 4,ic!#@ ia4a'a#@ %ab)a#@ 'a$a#@ "%c. E( "#%!# %"+%!#@ )a i(!'aci( #" $"#"(%a !4a(i9aa@ $"! (! ("c"#aia'"(%" #"c6"(ciaa (i " !'a $!4"#i&a. La c!'$"(#i( " "#%!# %"+%!# "56i"" ") 6#! " "#%a%"4ia# " )"c%6a (! )i("a) 56" $!$icia( )a b#56"a " i(%"$"%aci( " )a i(!'aci( " !'a ',# 4)!ba) " i(%"")aci!(aa.
T7+o* -)*o,+),o* C0!0+!?*+)0* CUADROS Y S!( "$"#"(%aci!("# ic(ica# " a%!#. G"("a)'"(%" #" "'$)"a( "( )a GRFICOS
a46'"(%aci( ci"(%7ica ? %a'bi*( "( $6b)icaci!("# $"i!7#%ica# c!( )a i(a)ia " $"#"(%a &i#6a)'"(%" i(!'aci( $b)ica (6'*ica ? %ab6)a. E)
TA=LAS
%a%a'i"(%! " )!# a%!# ))"&a a )a ")ab!aci( " c!(c)6#i!("#. S!( 'a%ic"# 56" #" !4a(i9a( "( i)a# ? c!)6'(a#. S" ")ab!a( "( ba#" a ci%"i!# $! "))! $!"'!# ai'a 56" !'a( $a%" " 6(a "#%6c%6a
DIAGRAMAS
i(!'a%i&a. E"'$)!# !a# " c,)c6)!@ !'6)ai!#@ $!4a'aci!("#@ "%c. S!( %"+%!# 56" #6")"( ac!'$a8a "#ci$ci!("# %*c(ica# ! a )!# %"+%!# "+$!#i%i&!# ! i(#%6c%i&!#. E# ("c"#ai! i""(cia )!# ia4a'a# " $!c"i'i"(%!# " )!# ia4a'a# " $!c"#! ! " )6!. L!# $i'"!#
MAPAS
"#$!("( a )a $"46(%a c'! #" ac"... @ )!# #"46(!# c'! 6(ci!(a(... S!( %"+%!# i#c!(%i(6!# 56" '6"#%a( )a# ")aci!("# 4"!4,ica# "(%" i#%i(%!# )64a"#. E+i#%"( '6ca# c)a#"# " 'a$a#. E#%,( )!# 'a$a# " ca"%"a@ 56" i(ica( i#%a(cia#@ )!# 'a$a# %"',%ic!# 56" i(ica( )a ")aci( "(%" )64a"#@
FORMULARIOS
a#7 c!'! a)46(a# caac%"7#%ica# #!cia)"# ! 7#ica#. S!( "#%6c%6a# c!( !'a%!# $"ci#!#. S" 6%i)i9a( c!( )a i(a)ia " "4i#%a a%!# $"ci#!#@ i(c)6?"( !'a%!# " "#$6"#%a# ?a c!iica!#. A)46(!#
IMGENES
""'$)!# )a# "(c6"#%a#@ c6"#%i!(ai!# " 'i4aci(@ "%c. C!(#%i%6?"( %"+%!# c!(!'a!# $! #i4(!# '6? &aia!#. L7("a#@ !'a#@ c!)!"#@ %"+%6a# " i)6'i(aci( #!( a)46(!# " "#%!# #i4(!#. T!a i'a4"( "$"#"(%a a9!("# " )a "a)ia ! )a i'a4i(aci( ? #" ")ab!a c!( 6(a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
23
Tema 18: Lectura en EP i&"#ia " i(a)ia"# c!'6(ica%i&a#. A#7 %"("'!# i',4"("# a%7#%ica#@ AFICKES@
$6b)ici%aia#@ aca*'ica#@ "%c. L!# ))a'a!# %"+%!# $6b)ici%ai!# c!(#%i%6?"( 6(a 4a'a " $!#ibi)ia"#. E(
PANCARTAS@
"))!# #" a )a c!'bi(aci( $""c%a "(%" )! )i(4B7#%ic! ? )! (! )i(4B7#%ic!. La
CONVOCATORIAS
i(a)ia " "#%!# %"+%!# "# $"#6a#i&a ? #6# "#56"'a# " ")ab!aci( '6? &aia!#. K!? $! !? )!# "(c!(%a'!# "( 6(a i&"#ia " !'a# ? !'a( $a%" " )!# '"i!# " c!'6(icaci( 'a#i&a. S" "(c6"(%a( "(%! " "#%a c)a#iicaci(
VALES O =ONOS
)a# i(&i%aci!("#@ )!# "56"i'i"(%!#@ )!# a&i#!# ? a&"%"(cia#. S!( %"+%!# 56" c"%iica( ! %"#%i'!(ia( ci"%a# $!#"#i!("# ! #"&ici!#. S!(
CERTIFICADOS
""'$)!# %7$ic!# )a# ac%6a#@ )!# %ic"%@ &a)"#@ "%c. S!( "#ci%!# 56" a6ica( &a)i"9 " ac6"! a c!(%a%!. R"56i""( " )a i'a " $"#!(a# a6%!i9aa# ? #"))!# i(#%i%6ci!(a)"#. P! ""'$)! )a# 4aa(%7a# ? c"%iica!# " "#%6i!#.
LA LECTURA: PLANES DE FOMENTO Y ESTRATEGIAS DE INTERVENCIÓN EDUCATIVA. PLANES DE FOMENTO DE LA LECTURA C!'! "'!# i! #"8a)a(! a )! )a4! " (6"#%! %"'a@ !? "( 7a )a "#c6")a a#6'" c!'! i( $i'!ia) ") !'a )"c%!"# c!'$"%"(%"# "( ") 6#! " )!# i#%i(%!# %i$!# " %"+%!#@ a!$%a(! ac%i%6"# ")"+i&a# ? c7%ica# ? "#$"%a(! ") i(%"*# $! )a )"c%6a c!'! ")"'"(%! " !ci!. Paa "))! )!# c"(%!# ("c"#i%a( )!# "c6#!# ("c"#ai!# ? a#7@ "(%! " (6"#%a c!'6(ia #" "#%ab)"c" ") P)a( " L"c%6a 2:-21@ "( "#$6"#%a a )a (6"&a L"? O4,(ica " E6caci( 56" "( #6 T7%6)! P")i'i(a@ a%7c6)! 2 ?a "c!4" 56" )!# $!""# $b)ic!# $"#%a,( a%"(ci( $i!i%aia a) !'"(%! " )a )"c%6a. E( Ca(%abia ") "(!'i(a! P)a( L"c%! #" a " "ac%a #"4( )a# i"c%ic"# ") D!c6'"(%! Mac! ")ab!a!
$!
)a
C!(#""7a
"
E6caci(
%%$."6ca(%abia."#$)a(Z)"c%!$)a("#$)a()"c%!$)a()"c%! J. Dic! P)a( * -4), c!'! 6( c!(6(%! " ac%6aci!("# "(ca'i(aa# a $!%"(cia ? "#a!))a "( ") a)6'(a! a56"))a# c!'$"%"(cia# ("c"#aia# $aa )a $,c%ica abi%6a) " )a "+$"#i( ? )a c!'$"(#i( )"c%!a. S" c"(%a "( )a )"c%6a c!'! 6(a " )a# "#%"9a# b,#ica# $aa ") "#a!))! $"#!(a) ? #!cia) ") i(i&i6!. N! #" "b" !)&ia@ #i( "'ba4!@ )a "#%"ca ")aci( 56"@ "( "#%" #"(%i!@ "+i#%" "(%" )"c%6a ? "#ci%6a c!'! $!c"#!# i(%")"c%6a)"# c!'$)"!# ? c!'$)"'"(%ai!#@ 56" $!#ibi)i%a( ") "#a!))! " )a# c!'$"%"(cia# ("c"#aia# $aa )a a56i#ici( " )!# a$"(i9a"#.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
24
Tema 18: Lectura en EP D"(%! ") ,'bi%! "#c!)a@ "#$!(" a )!# #i46i"(%"# o3+)2o* n
D"#a!))a "( )!# ci6aa(!# ? ci6aa(a# "( "a "#c!)a %!a# )a# c!'$"%"(cia# b,#ica#
56" )"# $"'i%a( acc"" a )a )"c%6a@ $ac%ica)a " !'a abi%6a) ? i#6%a c!( #6 6#!. n
P!'!&" ") 6(ci!(a'i"(%! " )a# bib)i!%"ca# "#c!)a"# c!'! c"(%!# " "c6#!# $aa
") a$"(i9a" " %!a )a c!'6(ia "6ca%i&a. n
Oi"(%a a) $!"#!a! $aa 56" * $i!ia a) "#a!))! " )a# abi)ia"# )"c%!a# "(
%!a# ? caa 6(a " )a# ,"a# ? $a%ici$" " !'a ac%i&a "( )!# i#%i(%!# c!'"%i!# ") P)a(. n
C!(i46a )a c!'6(ia "6ca%i&a c!'! c!'6(ia " )"c%!"#.
n
F!'"(%a ? "#a!))a )a $6"#%a "( 'aca " =ib)i!%"ca# " !b)" 6#!.
Paa )a c!(#"c6ci( " "#%!# !b"%i&!# #" "b"( $!(" "( 'aca 6(a #"i" " '"ia# 56" ac"( ")aci( a )!# #i46i"(%"# a#$"c%!# n
La )"c%6a c!'! "#$!(#abi)ia " %!a# )a# ,"a# ") c67c6)! ? ") P)a( " L"c%6a
c!(! $a%" ") P!?"c%! E6ca%i&! " )!# c"(%!#. n
La a(i'aci( a )a )"c%6a c!'! c!(%"(i! "#$"c7ic! ") P)a( " )"c%6a.
n
La &iabi)ia ") P)a( " L"c%6a.
n
E) P)a( " L"c%6a c!'! $i!ia ") P)a( R"4i!(a) " F!'aci( P"'a("(%"
") P!"#!a!. n
E) P)a( " L"c%6a c!'! $i!ia " )a "&a)6aci( ") #i#%"'a "6ca%i&!.
n
E) a)6'(a! "# ") $!%a4!(i#%a ") P)a( " L"c%6a c!'! 6#6ai! ? c!'! 4"#%!.
n
E) "#%! " )a c!'6(ia "6ca%i&a $a%ici$a "( ") P)a( " L"c%6a 6%i)i9a(! )!# "c6#!# ")
c"(%! ? c!)ab!a(! c!( )a a$"%6a " )a bib)i!%"ca. n
E) a)6'(a! c!'! "+$"%!.
n
La c!)ab!aci( "(%" )a bib)i!%"ca $b)ica ? )a bib)i!%"ca "#c!)a. E) i'$6)#! a )a# bib)i!%"ca#
" !b)" 6#!. n
E) P)a( " )"c%6a c!'! i(icia%i&a i((!&a!a "( )!# c"(%!#.
n
La c!(#%i%6ci( ") "56i$! " %aba! "#$!(#ab)" " )a bib)i!%"ca "#c!)a "( )!# c"(%!#.
La =ib)i!%"ca "#c!)a "# 6( c"(%! " "c6#!# $aa ") a$"(i9a". n
La !4a(i9aci( ") P)a( "( ") 'ac! " )a a6%!(!'7a $"a44ica " )!# c"(%!#
Ta'bi*( a #6$6"#%! )a c"aci( " )a i46a "( )!# c"(%!# "6ca%i&!# ") C!!i(a! ") P)a( ")aci!(a! c!( )a c!'$"%"(cia )"c%!a ? "#ci%!a T2J.
ESTRATEGIAS DE INTERVENCIÓN EDUCATIVA O!),+0)o,* /,!0l* &0!0 l0 ,*0,@0 - l0 l+!0 (% O!),+0)o,* *&?4)0* &0!0 l0 ,*0,@0 - l0 l+!0
Centro de Estudios Ágora
25
Tema 18: Lectura en EP A(%"# " i(icia )a "(#"8a(9a " )a )"c%6a c!(&i"(" %"(" "( c6"(%a 6(a #"i" " "c!'"(aci!("# 1. Aa$%aci( a) (i8! "( #6 a#$"c%! c!4(i%i&!@ a#7 c!'! "( ") " #6# abi)ia"# c!'6(ica%i&!-)i(467#%ica#. 2. Pa%i " )!# i(%""#"# ? "+$"i"(cia# ") (i8!. /. =6#ca c!(%"(i!# #i4(iica%i&!#. 0. E&i%a c!"4i ! ac" "$"%i a) (i8! c!(%i(6a'"(%". :. Da !$!%6(ia a) (i8! $aa 56" $6"a "+$"#a#". ;. R"!9a )!# *+i%!#. <. A(i'a a )!# 6#!# ") )"(46a". >. Kac" $"46(%a# abi"%a#. H. U%i)i9a %!!# )!# '"i!# $!#ib)"# 4"#%!#@ "+$"#i!("# acia)"#@ c!$!a)"#@ "%c. 1. U%i)i9a "$"#"(%aci!("# &i#6a)"#. 11. U%i)i9a #i%6aci!("# " 6"4!#. 12. E#%ab)"c" c!)ab!aci!("# c!( )a a'i)ia.
M5+o-o* - ,*0,@0 - l0 l+!0 E+i#%"( i#%i(%!# %i$!# " '!")!# ? a )a !a " "ca(%a(!# $! 6(! 6 !%! "'!# " %"(" "( c6"(%a ") %i$! " a)6'(a! 56" %"("'!# ? ") '*%!! 56" a( i(icia! "( EI. Ka? %"# %i$!# " '!")!# 1. M*%!! #i(%*%ic! #" ba#a "( )a c!"#$!("(cia 56" a? "(%" ") #!(i! ? )a 4a7a. E+i#%"( %"# &aia(%"# a. M*%!! a)ab*%ic! #" a 6%i)i9a! 6a(%" '6c! %i"'$! ? "(#"8a a $!(6(cia )a# )"%a# c!'! $a#! $"&i! $aa acc"" a )a )"c%6a. b. M*%!! !(*%ic! $a%" "#" ") !("'a a#!ci,(!)! a #6 "$"#"(%aci( 4,ica ? "+$"#i( 4"#%6a) c!'! a$!?! ! "c6#! '"'!7#%ic!. E#%" '*%!! c!'i"(9a $! '!#%a ") ib6! " )a# )"%a# ") ab"c"ai!@ $i'"! )a# &!ca)"# ? )6"4! )a# c!(#!(a(%"#@ a#!cia(! #6 c!"c%a $!(6(ciaci( c!( ") #!(i! 56" "'i%"(. U(a &"9 56" )!# (i8!#a# ")aci!(a( ") 4a"'a c!( ") #!(i! c!"#$!(i"(%"@ c!'i"(9a ") a$"(i9a" " )a# #7)aba#@ $a)aba# ? a#"# 6( $!c"#! '"ca(ici#%a ? $!c! '!%i&a!. c. M*%!! #i),bic! &aiaci( ") '*%!! !(*%ic! 56" %i"(" c!'! $6(%! " $a%ia )a #7)aba "( )64a ") !("'a. 2. M*%!! a(a)7%ic! ! 4)!ba) $!(" ") ac"(%! "( )a c!'$"(#i( ") %"+%!@ "( ") #i4(iica! " )! 56" #" )"". S" ba#a "( ") $i(ci$i! $#ic!$"a44ic! " 4)!ba)i9aci(@ $!$6"#%! $! D"c!)? ? ") i(%"*# $!$i! " )a "#c6")a N6"&a. a. G)!ba)i9aci( $a%" " 6(ia"# c!( #i4(iica! %"+%!#@ a#"# ! $a)aba#J $aa )6"4! #"4'"(%a)! "( 6(ia"# ',# $"56"8a# ))"4a(! a#7 a )a# )"%a#.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
26
Tema 18: Lectura en EP b. I(%"*# $a%" " )a ("c"#ia 56" %i"(" ") (i8!a $aa c!'6(ica#" c!( )!# "',# a $a%i " #i%6aci!("# 56" )" #!( i(%""#a(%"#@ '!%i&a!a# ? 56" 46aa( ")aci( c!( #6# "+$"i"(cia#. /. M*%!! 'i+%! $a%" " )a c!(%i(6aci( " ")"'"(%!# " )!# !# a(%"i!"#. D"(%! " "#%" '!")! ") '*%!! ',# "+%"(i! "# ") c!(#%6c%i&i#%a 56" $a%" " )a# %"!7a# $ia4"%ia(a# ? " )a# $!$6"#%a# $! F""i! ? T"b"!#? "( 6(a &i#i( c!(#%6c%i&i#%a " i(%"acci!(i#%a " c'! ") (i8!a a56i"" ") c!(!ci'i"(%!. E( "#%" '*%!! $a%i'!# ") )"(46a" !a) $aa ))"4a a) )"(46a" "#ci%!. C!'"(9a'!# c!( ") "c!(!ci'i"(%! " $a)aba# 56" !'a( $a%" ") "(%!(! c!%iia(! ? a( #i! 6%i)i9aa# " !'a #i4(iica%i&a ") $!$i! (!'b"J@ $!56" "( ") $"(#a'i"(%! ") (i8!a (! "+i#%"( )a# #7)aba#@ )!# !("'a# ! )a# 4a7a#@ #i(! )a# $a)aba# c!( #i4(iica!. Pa%" " i(c6)ca a) a)6'(!a ") #"(%i! " )a 6(ci!(a)ia " )a "#ci%6a@ #6 $a$") c!'! '"i! $aa c!'6(ica#". Y %!! "))! '"ia(%" $!$6"#%a# a%ac%i&a# ? i&"%ia# 56" )"# '!%i&"(@ i(%""#"( ? "( )a# 56" #"a( $!%a4!(i#%a#. &" a("+! IJ
A+)2)-0-* &o! )lo* (D?@ - Ul@!!," 1% E( PRIMER CICLO@ "#%! #" %abaa, '"ia(%" •
Ac%i&ia"# ")aci!(aa# c!( )a "acci( " %"+%!# $!$i!# " )a# ")aci!("# i(%"$"#!(a)"#@ c!'! a&i#!# ")ici%aci!("#@ (!%a#@ "%c. $!%"(cia(! )a 6%i)i9aci( " )a "#ci%6a $aa a$"(" ? !4a(i9a )!# $!$i!# c!(!ci'i"(%!# $! $a%" " )!# (i8!#.
•
Ac%i&ia"# ")aci!(aa# c!( )a a$!+i'aci( a )a )i%"a%6a '"ia(%" )a i'i%aci( " 4*("!# c!'! ") c6"(%! ! )a $!"#7a.
E( SEGUNDO CICLO@ #" %abaa, '"ia(%" •
Ac%i&ia"# 56" "+ia( "ac%a@ ""#cibi ? "#6'i i""(%"# %"+%!# #i4(iica%i&!# "( #i%6aci!("# c!%iia(a# ? "#c!)a"# " 'a("a !"(aa ? a"c6aa.
•
Ac%i&ia"# ")aci!(aa# c!( )a "acci( " %"+%!# $!$i!# " )a# ")aci!("# i(%"$"#!(a)"# "( ") a6)a@ c!'! ca%a#@ (!'a# " c!(&i&"(cia@ a&i#!#
•
E( c6a(%! a )a ac%i&ia )i%"aia@ '"ia(%" )a i'i%aci( " $!"'a# ? ")a%!#.
•
S" $!%"(cia, )a abi)ia "( ") 6#! " '"i!# i(!',%ic!# $aa )a ")ab!aci( ? )a $"#"(%aci( " %"+%!#..
E( TERCER CICLO@ #" %abaa, '"ia(%" •
Ac%i&ia"# 56" #6$!(4a( $!(" "( $,c%ica "#%a%"4ia# $aa (aa@ "+$)ica@ "#cibi@
Centro de Estudios Ágora
27
Tema 18: Lectura en EP "#6'i ? "+$!(" !$i(i!("# " i(!'aci!("# "( %"+%!# "#ci%!# ")aci!(a!# c!( #i%6aci!("# c!%iia(a#. •
P!6cci( " %"+%!# $!$i!# " )a# ")aci!("# i([ %"$"#!(a)"# "( ") a6)a.
•
E)ab!aci( " %"+%!# 56" $"'i%"( $!4"#a "( )a a6%!(!'7a $aa a$"(" "#a!))a(! )a a56i#ici( " )a# "#%a%"4ia# $aa ")ab!a "#'"("#@ "#56"'a#@ i(!'"#@ "%c.
•
E) ,'bi%! )i%"ai! '"ia(%" $!"'a# ! ")a%!# ? c!'! "c6#!# )a i'a ! ") i%'!.
I,+!2,)9, *&?4)0 , +!0*+o!,o* - l0 l+!0 (C+o* V/0" 1##8% L!# $!4a'a# " %a%a'i"(%! #",( i#%i(%!# "( 6(ci( ") $!c"#! 56" a?a 56" "c6$"a ? " )a $"#!(a a )a 56" &a?a ii4i!. I(%"&"(ci( "( *ici%# $"c"$%i&!#. E( "#%!# ca#!# )!# ""cici!# " "c6$"aci( "b"( i "(ca'i(a!# a '"!a )a# ca$acia"# $"c"$%i&a#@ a6(56"@ c!'! "'!# ic! a(%"i!'"(%"@ )a 'a?!7a " )!# a)6'(!# c!( $!b)"'a# " )"c%6a (! %i"("( c!'! ca6#a $!b)"'a# $"c"$%i&!#. La# ac%i&ia"# "b"( " i "(ca'i(aa# a )a i#ci'i(aci( " ib6!# ? )"%a#@ b#56"a " "%"'i(a!# "#%7'6)!#@ "%c. C!(&i"(" "'$"9a c!( 'a%"ia)"# (! &"ba)"# c!'! i46a#@ #i4(!#@ ('"!#@ "%c.@ ? $a#a )6"4! a )!# 'a%"ia)"# &"ba)"# )"%a#@ #7)aba# ? $a)aba# "#ci%a# "( i""(%"# !'a%!#@ 'a?#c6)a@ 'i(#c6)a@ c6#i&a@ i'$"(%a@ "%c. I(%"&"(ci( "( *ici%# )*+ic!#. L!# $!b)"'a# 56" $6""( #64i "( "#%" $!c"#! #!( b,#ica'"(%" $! "ici%# "( )a# 6%a# " acc"#! a) )*+ic!@ "#%! "#@ $! 'a) 6(ci!(a'i"(%! " )a 6%a &i#6a) ! !(!)4ica. - Di#)"+ia #6$"icia) R6%a &i#6a). C6a(! "# )a 6%a &i#6a) )a 56" (! 6(ci!(a c!"c%a'"(%"@ )a %a"a b,#ica "# )a " c!(#"46i "$"#"(%aci!("# )*+ica# $aa )a# $a)aba#@ a#7 c!'! #6# c!("+i!("# c!( ") #i#%"'a #"',(%ic!@ ? )a '"! !'a $!#ib)" "# '"ia(%" )a a#!ciaci( #i4(! 4,ic!-#i4(iica!. C!(#i#%" "( $"#"(%a "$"%ia# &"c"# )a $a)aba "#ci%a i(ica(! #6 $!(6(ciaci( ? #i4(iica!. Ac%i&ia"#
Centro de Estudios Ágora
28
Tema 18: Lectura en EP -
D"#$6*# " )"" "( &!9 a)%a )a $a)aba " 6(a ica@ b6#ca)a "( 6( %"+%!.
-
E( 6( 46$! " $a)aba#@ #"8a)a )a# 56" $"%"("c"( a 6(a 'i#'a a'i)ia.
-
P"#"(%a 6( )i#%a " $a)aba# ? 6(a #"i" " ib6!#@ ? "b" "'$a"a)!#.
-
E'$a"a $a)aba# ? #i((i'!#.
-
C!'$)"%a $a)aba# a )a# 56" )" a)%a 6(a )"%a.
- Di#)"+ia !(!)4ica. La 'a?! $a%" " )!# aca#!# "( ") "c!(!ci'i"(%! " )a# $a)aba# #" &a( a $!6ci "( )a 6%a !(!)4ica. -
Ta"a# " i'a ? a)i%"aci( c!(#i#%"(%"# "( b6#ca $a)aba# 56" %"'i("( ! "'$i"c"( $! ") 'i#'! #"4'"(%! #i),bic! ! !(*%ic!.
-
6"4!# c!( !(!'a%!$"?a#.
-
C!(%a ") ('"! " #"4'"(%!# !a)"# $a)aba#@ #7)aba# ! !("'a#.
-
D"#c6bi 6( #"4'"(%! !a) i""(%" "( ") c!(%"+%! " )6(a $a)aba ! a#" a'" ") ba)(@ a'" ") a(@ $!)!@ $!!.
-
C!'$aa #"4'"(%!# #i),bic!# ! !(*%ic!# i(icia)"#@ '"i!# ! i(a)"#J "( 56* #" $a"c"( a!) ? "a)
-
U(i #"4'"(%!# #i),bic!# ! !(*%ic!# ca) #a W ca#a
-
S"4'"(%a "( $a)aba#@ #7)aba# ! !("'a#.
-
O'i%i $a)aba#@ #7)aba# ! !("'a#
Si a 46#a(! )" 56i%a'!# 46@ Q6* 56"a. Si a '")( )" 56i%a'!# ) Q6* 56"a. -
A8ai #"4'"(%!# $a)aba#@ #7)aba# ! !("'a#J !#a W !#a $)a(! W$),%a(!.
-
I(&"%i $a)aba# "( 6(a a#"@ #7)aba# "( 6(a $a)aba ! !("'a# "( 6(a #7)aba ! $a)aba )!'a W 'a)!.
-
Dic%a!# #i),bic!# ! !(*%ic!# ") (i8! %i"(" 56" $!(" 6(a c69 $! caa 6(! " "#!# #"4'"(%!# !a)"#.
I(%"&"(ci( "( *ici%# #i(%,c%ic!#. E) !b"%i&! $i(ci$a) 56" a? 56" b6#ca "# c!(#"46i 56" a#i4("( )!# c!"#$!(i"(%"# $a$")"# 4a'a%ica)"# a )!# c!'$!("(%"# " )a !aci( #i( &a)"#" " a?6a# #"',(%ica#. P!#ib)"# ac%i&ia"#
Centro de Estudios Ágora
29
Tema 18: Lectura en EP -
U( ib6! c!( !# !aci!("# a) )a!. U(a c!(#%6ia c!"c%a'"(%" ? )a !%a c!( ") #6"%! ? !b"%! i(%"ca'bia!#. D"b" #"8a)a )a c!"c%a.
-
A?6,(!(!# " 6( ib6!@ #" )" $"#"(%a 6(a !aci( i(acabaa ? )a "b" c!'$)"%a.
-
O"(a a#"#@ "%c.
Paa )!# #i4(!# " $6(%6aci(@ #" $6"" i $a#! a $a#!@ a6%!'a%i9a(! ") 6#! " "#%!# c!( )a a?6a ") $!"#! aJ Q6" " 6( 4!)$" c!( 6(a c!'a ? !# c6a(! #" "(c6"(%" 6( $6(%!. bJ S" $"$aa 6( %"+%! c!( )!# #i4(!# " $6(%aci( bi"( 'aca!# c!( c!)!"#. cJ E) "6ca! )"" ") %"+%! )"(%a'"(%"@ "(a%i9a(! '6c! "( )a# $a6#a# ? "(%!(aci(. J Ni8! ? "6ca! )""( c!(6(%a'"(%". "J S" &a( ")i'i(a(! )!# a$!?!# $aa "#a)%a )!# #i4(!#. J E#%" $!c"#! #" "$i%" c!( ',# %"+%!# a#%a 56" ") (i8! )"a c!"c%a'"(%" c6a)56i" %"+%!. I(%"&"(ci( "( )a# iic6)%a"# #"',(%ica#. E) )"c%! "b" #ab" "("(%a#" a 6( %"+%! ? ca$%a ") '"(#a"@ i""(cia(! )a i"a $i(ci$a) " )a# #"c6(aia#. A) (i8! a? 56" "a)" c)a! 56" ") $i(ci$a) !b"%i&! " )a )"c%6a "# %a(#'i%i i(!'aci(. E( )!# c"(%!# " $i'aia )!# 'a"#%!# " )!# c6#!# i(icia)"# #" "(!46))"c"( " 56" #6# a)6'(!# #ab"( )"" ? "( )!# c6#!# #6$"i!"# #" 56"a( " 56" (! #ab"( ac")!. La c)a&" " "#%a $aa!a "# 56" "( )!# $i'"!# (i&")"# #" c!(!'a( c!( 56" )!# (i8!# )"a( '"c,(ica'"(%"@ ? "( )!# c6#!# #6$"i!"# c!(#i"a( 56" #ab" )"" "# #" ca$a9 " "+%a" 6( '"(#a" ") %"+%!. Paa a?6a a )!# a)6'(!# "( )a c!'$"(#i( "# b6"(! !'"(%a "( "))!# )a i(56i"%6 $! )! 56" )""( ? 56" #" &a?a( "a)i9a(! $"46(%a#. Sa(c"9 1HHJ $!$!(" 6( $!4a'a " i(#%6cci( "( c!'$"(#i( ba#a! "( c6a%! ac%i&ia"# aJ D"%"c%a )a $!4"#i( %"',%ica " )!# %"+%!#. P!$!(" 56" )!# a)6'(!# #" abi%"( a "a)i9a#" $"46(%a# c!'! #i46" ") %"+%! ab)a(! " )! 'i#'!@ 56* ic" ") %"+%! " "#%" %"'a@ "%c. bJ E+%a" ") #i4(iica! 4)!ba) " )! 56" #" )""@ a$)ica(! 'ac!"4)a#. L!# a)6'(!# "b"( abi%6a#" a $"46(%a# ") %i$! $6"! ")i'i(a a)4! $! "$"%i!@ $6"! c!(#i"a "#%" $,a! c!'! 6( ""'$)! " )! ?a "+$)ica!@ "%c.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
30
Tema 18: Lectura en EP cJ R"c!(!c" )a !4a(i9aci( i(%"(a ") %"+%!@ (aa%i&a ! "+$!#i%i&a ca6#a)ia@ $!b)"'a#!)6ci(@ c!'$aaci(@ "#ci$ci( ? #"c6"(ciaJ. L!# a)6'(!# #" abi%a( a c6"#%i!(a#" #!b" ") '!! "( 56" "#%,( a%ic6)aa# )a# i"a# ? a ac"#" $"46(%a# ") %i$! c6,)"# #!( )a# ca6#a# ! )!# a(%"c""(%"#@ ! )a #"c6"(ciaJ 56" $"#"(%a@ "%c. J A6%!$"46(%a# $aa c!(#"46i )a a6%!"46)aci( " )a c!'$"(#i(. La# $"46(%a# a abi%6a#" #!( 56* ic" "#%" $,a!@ 56* $"46(%a# '" $6"! ac" ! $6""( ac"'" #!b" ") c!(%"(i! ") %"+%!@ "%c.
C6a(! "'$i"9a( )!# (i8!# a )"" "# b6"(! 56" %"(4a( 6(a# $"46(%a# a) )a! ") %"+%! $aa 56" &a?a( "#$!(i*(!)a# a '"ia 56" )""(@ ? a#7 #" $aa( a $"(#a #!b" )a i(!'aci( 56" "#%,( ca$%a(!. O%a ac%i&ia $!7a #" $aa a) (i8! " )"" ? 56" i(%"(%" ai&i(a )! 56" #i46"@ "%c. E( ") '!'"(%! "( 56" #"a $!#ib)"@ %a'bi*( "# !$!%6(! i(%"&"(i "( "#%a%"4ia# $aa %a%a )a i(!'aci( -
O4a(i9aci(.
-
E)ab!aci(.
-
F!ca)i9aci(.
-
I(%"4aci(.
-
V"iicaci(.
CONCLUSIÓN Paa i(a)i9a (6"#%! %"'a@ #"8a)a 56" c!'! 'a"#%!# " E6caci( Pi'aia ? "( "#$6"#%a " )a (!'a%i&a &i4"(%" "b"'!# !4a(i9a 6(a "#$6"#%a "6ca%i&a "( )a 56" #" i'$)i56" a )!# a)6'(!# ? a)6'(a# "( ") "#a!))! ") $!c"#! )"c%!. D" "#%a !'a c!(#"46i"'!# 56" 6%i)ic"( "#%a ca$acia $aa !b%"(" i(!'aci(@ "(i56"c" #6 &!cab6)ai!@ i(%"i!i9a )a !%!4a7a b,#ica ? 6#a )a )"c%6a c!'! 6"(%" " $)ac". Fi("# b,#ic!# 56" "b"'!# $"#"46i 6%i)i9a(! $aa "))! %!!# )!# "c6#!# ("c"#ai!#@ "#$"cia)'"(%" )a bib)i!%"ca " a6)a ? "#c!)a@ (c)"! c"(%a) " )a $6"#%a "( 'aca ") P)a( " L"c%6a "( (6"#%a C!'6(ia.
LEGISLACIÓN CITADA −
LEY ORGANICA 22;@ " / " 'a?!@ " E6caci(.
−
L"? ;2>@ " 2; " ici"'b"@ " E6caci( " Ca(%abia.
−
R.D. 1:1/2;@ " < " ici"'b"@ $! ") 56" #" "#%ab)"c"( )a# "(#"8a(9a# '7(i'a# " )a
Centro de Estudios Ágora
31
Tema 18: Lectura en EP E6caci( Pi'aia. −
D"c"%! :;2<@ " 1 " 'a?!@ $! ") 56" #" "#%ab)"c" ") c67c6)! " )a E6caci( Pi'aia $aa )a C!'6(ia A6%(!'a " Ca(%abia.
=I=LIOGRAFÍA CITADA -
=i(4a#@ F. 2>J. La# c!'$"%"(cia# b,#ica# "( ") ,"a " L"(46a Ca#%"))a(a ? Li%"a%6a. C6a"(!# " E6caci( " Ca(%abia /.
-
C!)!'"@ T. ? Ca'$#@ A. 1HH;J. E(#"8a a )""@ "(#"8a a c!'$"(". Mai C")"#%"@
-
MEC. C6"%!# V"4a@ F. 1HH>J. P#ic!)!47a " )a )"c%6a. Mai E#c6")a E#$a8!)a F""i!@ E. ? T"b"!#?@ A. 1HHHJ. L!# #i#%"'a# " "#ci%6a "( ") (i8!. M*+ic! Si4)!
-
XXI S!)*@ I. 1HH2J. E#%a%"4ia# " )"c%6a. =ac")!(a ICE
=I=LIOGRAFÍA COMENTADA - D7"9 " U)966( c!!.J21J. E) a$"(i9a" " )a )"c%!"#ci%6a "#" 6(a $"#$"c%i&a c!(#%6c%i&i#%a. V!). I ? II. =ac")!(a GRAÓ S" %a%a " !# &!)'"("# c!( (6'"!#!# ""'$)!# " %a"a# $aa "(!ca )a )"c%!"#ci%6a "#" 6( $6(%! " &i#%a c!(#%6c%i&i#%a@ "#%6c%6aa# $! "%a$a# ? cic)!#.
ANEXO I: APRENDIAHE DE LA LECTURA ENFO6UE CONSTRUCTIVISTA E( 4"("a)@ ") "(!56" 56" #" "#$"(" " )a 'a?!7a " i(&"#%i4aci!("# ? 56" "# c!'$a%ia c!( ") "(!56" c!(#%6c%i&i#%a@ %i"(" a c!(#i"a 56" %a(%! )a )"c%6a c!'! )a "#ci%6a #!( $!c"#!# i(%"$"%a%i&!# a %a&*# " )!# c6a)"# #" c!(#%6?"( #i4(iica!# "# "ci@ 56" )"" ? "#cibi #!(
Centro de Estudios Ágora
32
Tema 18: Lectura en EP b,#ica'"(%" ac%i&ia"# c!( )a# 56" c!(#%6i'!# ? a'$)ia'!# (6"#%! c!(!ci'i"(%! ") '6(! 56" (!# !"a. P! !%! )a!@ )a )"c%!"#ci%6a %i"(" 6( ca,c%" 'acaa'"(%" #!cia) " i(%"ac%i&!@ $6"#%! 56" )!# i(%"ca'bi!# c!'6(ica%i&!# ? )!# #i4(iica!# 56" #" "i&a( " "))!# #i"'$" #" !i4i(a( ? %i"("( #"(%i! "( 6( "(%!(! #!cia) ? c6)%6a) "%"'i(a!. D"#" "#%a $"#$"c%i&a@ ") '!")! c!(#%6c%i&i#%a@ c!(#i"a )a )"c%6a ? )a "#ci%6a c!'! !# $!c"#!# '6? ")aci!(a!#@ 56"@ "( #i%6aci!("# "6ca%i&a#@ %i"("( 56" ab!a#" " 'a("a 4)!ba) $aa 4aa(%i9a ") #i4(iica!. A) 'i#'! %i"'$!@ "(%"("'!# 56" ") !b"%i&! b,#ic! " )a a56i#ici( " )a )"c%!"#ci%6a "# a&!"c" ? $!$icia (6"&!# ? ',# ""c%i&!# ca(a)"# " c!'6(icaci( "(%" )!# (i8!# ? #6 "(%!(! #!cia) ? c6)%6a). E( )a ba#" " "#%" '!")! #" "(c6"(%a( )!# %aba!# $i!("!# " F""i! ? A(a T"b"!#? 1H
Centro de Estudios Ágora
33
Tema 18: Lectura en EP ("c"#ai!# $aa a?6a)" a a&a(9a. E#%! #6$!(" i(%"(%a '!&"(!# #i"'$" "(%! )a 9!(a " "#a!))! $+i'!@ #i( !)&ia )! 56" ") (i8! ? )a (i8a $6""( ac" $! #7 #!)!# ? )! 56" "a)i9a,( c!( )a a?6a " !%a# $"#!(a#. Oi"(%aci!("# '"%!!)4ica# #"4( "#%" "(!56" La# #i46i"(%"# c6"#%i!("# #!( )!# a#$"c%!# c)a&" 56" ac" a)%a "c!a $aa a&!"c" ") a$"(i9a" " )a )"c%!"#ci%6a -
Pro!iciar %a !artici!aci(n de% a%umnado- L!# (i8!# "b"( #"(%i#" $!%a4!(i#%a# " #6 $!c"#! " "(#"8a(9a a$"(i9a". E) a)6'(a! "b" $a%ici$a "( )a ")"cci( " "%"'i(aa# ac%i&ia"# #")"cci( " c6"(%!#@ $!?"c%! 56" #" 56i"" "#a!))a. N! "# b6"(! #i"'$" a)! %!! "c!@ $!56" $!$icia'!# ac%i%6"# $a#i&a#.
-
?aci%itar %a o!ciona%idad de e%ecci(n %a di+ersi$icaci(n curricu%ar * %a a*uda !edag(gica- D" )a# i""(%"# '!a)ia"# !4a(i9a%i&a# c!( )a# 56" c!(%a'!# $aa c!(#"46i "#%a !$ci!(a)ia ? i&"#iicaci(@ #" !%!4a i'$!%a(cia a )!# i(c!("#@ $!56" '6ca# " )a# ac%i&ia"# " )"(46a 56" #" $!$!("@ #" aa$%a( a "#%a "#%6c%6a.
-
Tener en cuenta %os conocimientos !re+ios de %os nios * %as nias- E'$"9a $! !(" #" "(c6"(%a(.
-
@egociar #i4(iica!# c!( "))!#.
-
Comunicar * consensuar )!# !b"%i&!# ? )!# ci%"i!# " "&a)6aci(.
-
.ntici!ar a %os nios * a %as nias' e% tema ue se tra,a"ar&- E# i'$!%a(%" 56" ") "(#"8a(%" )! c!'6(i56" ? )! a(%ici$". L!# (i8!# ? )a# (i8a# "b"( %"(" '6? "( c)a! 56" #i"'$" #" )"# &a)!a )! 56" ac"( ? (! "b"( !)&ia )! 56" #" )"# $i".
-
T"(" "( c6"(%a )a moti+aci(n' )!# i(%""#"# ") a)6'(a!.
-
igi%ar ue e% a!rendia"e de %a %ectoescritura sea $unciona%' signi$icati+o-D"b"'!# i(%"(%a 56" )a# ac%i&ia"# " )"c%6a ? "#ci%6a #"a( )! ',# c"ca(a# $!#ib)"# a #i%6aci!("# "a)"# $aa 56" ") (i8! ? )a (i8a "(c6"(%"( #"(%i! "( )! 56" ac"(.
-
Esta,%ecer re%aciones constantes entre %o ue e% esco%ar sa,e * e% nue+o contenido AP<- A%ib6i'!# #i4(iica! a 6( (6"&! a$"(i9a" ba#,(!#" "( )! 56" ?a #ab"'!#. C6a(! (! $!"'!# ")aci!(a ") c!(%"(i! " )"(46a 56" %"("'!# 56" a$"(" 6%i)i9a'!# )a '"'!i9aci(@ $! "#%a a9( "# '6? i'$!%a(%" 56" )a# ac%i&ia"# " )"c%6a ? " "#ci%6a 56" #" $)a(%"a a) a)6'(a! #"a( c"ca(a# ? $!#ibi)i%"( )a i(%"acci( "(%" )! 56" #ab"(@ ") (6"&! c!(%"(i! ? )a i#$!(ibi)ia ac%i%6J ") (i8! ? " )a (i8a.
-
?aci%itar %a interacci(n- E) i(%"ca'bi! " i(!'aci( "(%" )!# (i8!#.
-
P!$icia )a !artici!aci(n ") a)6'(a! "( )a "&a)6aci(.
-
Crear es!acios de s#ntesis- E# ("c"#ai! a?6a a 56" )!# a)6'(!# ? )a# a)6'(a# &"a( #6 $!4"#!. E# b6"(! 56" c!'$a"( #6# %aba!#.
Centro de Estudios Ágora
34
Tema 18: Lectura en EP -
.!ro+ec/ar %os errores. O"c" '!")!#. La# i#%i(%a# "#$6"#%a# " )a# a)6'(a# ? a)6'(!#@ (! )a# %"("'!# 56" c!(#i"a "!"#@ #i(! "%a$a# a$!+i'aa# ? $!4"#i&a# 56" ))"&"( a )a !'aci( ") c!(!ci'i"(%!.
-
Fa&!"c" )a trans$erencia de contro% de% enseante /acia e% esco%ar $aa aci)i%a #6 a6%!(!'7a.
-
Pro!iciar e% c%ima de %a c%ase- A "#%! #" a4"4a $!$icia )a a6%!"#%i'a.
2- M!a)ia"# ") "(!56" c!(#%6c%i&i#%a aJ F6(ci!(a)"# E# i'$!%a(%" 56" %!! )! 56" #" "#cib" ? )"" #"a "a)@ " &"a@ 6(ci!(a) $! ""'$)! $!("'!# ca%")"# "( )!# ca!("# " )a c)a#" $!56" caa 6(! " "))!# c!(%i"(" c!#a# i#%i(%a#J. T"("'!# 56" i(%"(%a "(#"8a a )"" ? a "#cibi "(%! " 6( c!(%"+%!@ c!( 6(a i(%"(ci!(a)ia. =a#,(!#" "( "#%a# $"'i#a#@ "(%! ") ,'bi%! " )a# ac%i&ia"# $aa '!a)ia"# " %"+%! 56" ac" ))a'a 6(ci!(a)"#@ #" "(c6"(%a )a "#ci%6a " (!'b"# $!$i!@ c!'( \)i#%a#-J@ (!%a#@ "c"%a# " '"(# ? "ca#. La i(%"(ci( "# !"c" &aia# ac%i&ia"# $"#"(%a(! #i%6aci!("# c"ca(a# a )a &ia c!%iia(a. -
N!'b" P!$i! La "#ci%6a ") (!'b" $!$i! ? )a " )!# !%!# c!'$a8"!# "# 6(a $i"9a c)a&" $aa i(icia )a c!'$"(#i( " )a !'a " 6(ci!(a'i"(%! ") #i#%"'a c!(&"(ci!(a) " "#ci%6a. C!( )a i"(%iicaci( " )a# )"%a# " #6 (!'b"@ a#7 c!'! " )!# !%!#@ "'$i"9a( a %"(" i(!'aci( #6ici"(%" $aa )a c!'$!#ici( " $a)aba# ? $"56"8!# %"+%!#.
-
N!'b" c!'( ? )i#%a# A )!# ci(c! a8!#@ )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# ?a #ab"( 56" caa c!#a %i"(" 6( (!'b" ? 56" #" $6"" "#cibi c!'bi(a(! )a# )"%a# 56" ?a c!(!c"(. A567@ ") 'a"#%! %i"(" 56" #ab" '!%i&a)"# ? a(i'a)"# $aa 56" "'$i"c"( a "#cibi ? a )"" )!# (!'b" " )a# c!#a#. E#%! #" $6"" ac" a(i',(!)"# a "+$)ica $! "#ci%! )! 56" a( ib6a! "( 6( ib6! )ib".
-
N!%a# S" "c!'i"(a )"" (!%iicaci!("# 56" #" "a)i9a( a (i&") ") c"(%!@ $!56" " a)46(a !'a (!# a"c%a a %!!#@ ? a"',#@ )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# #ab"( c6,( "# )a 6(ci( " a56*) $a$") 56" %i"("( 56" "(%"4a "( ca#a.
-
R"c"%a# ? M"(# P!"'!# a$!&"ca c6a)56i" '!'"(%! $aa %abaa 6(a "c"%a " c!ci(a@ %"(i"(! "( c6"(%a 56" )a# i"#%a# %aici!(a)"#@ )!# a#4!# c6)%6a)"# ") "(%!(!@ )a# "#%aci!("# ") a8!...(!# "(ca'i(a( acia 6(a# "c"%a# ',# c!(c"%a#. S6c"" )! 'i#'! c!( )!# '"(#. Caa "#%aci( ") a8! %i"(" 6(!# a)i'"(%!# c!(c"%!# $! ""'$)!. La# !%!# ? 4aba!# $6""( #" a#!cia!# c!( )a# $a)aba#.
-
F"ca# La "#ci%6a " )a "ca "( )a $i9aa "# 6(a ac%i&ia iaia. E#%! $6"" c!(&"%i#" "( 6( a#$"c%! i'$!%a(%" #i #" %abaa a iai! ? "( !'a #i#%"',%ica. E) !b"%i&! i(a) "# 56" #"a( ca$ac"# " c!$ia c!"c%a'"(%" " )a $i9aa a )a !a. Sab" ") 7a "( 56" "#%a'!#@ )"# a?6a, a )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# a !4a(i9a#".
bJ C6"(%!# E) c6"(%! "# 6(a " )a# '!a)ia"# " %"+%! 56" $"'i%" ? 4"("a 6(a i&"#ia " ac%i&ia"# ',# 4a("@ ?a 56" abaca %!!# )!# cic)!#. P"'i%" ac" &!)a )a i'a4i(aci( ? "#a!))a )a c"a%i&ia ? )a a(%a#7a@ a#" c6"(%a ? ")"+i!(a #!b" #6# 46#%!# ? $"""(cia#@ ca(a)i9a ? $!&!ca i""(%"# "#%a!# " ,(i'!@ "%c. Paa a&!"c" )a "#ci%6a " c6"(%!# "# ("c"#ai! a)"# a(%"# '6c!# '!")!#@ )""@ c!(%a 6( c6"(%! 6(a ? !%a &"9@ ") a)6'(a! $6"" ic%a)! a )a 'a"#%a. D"b"( "#cibi c6"(%!#
Centro de Estudios Ágora
35
Tema 18: Lectura en EP "(%" %!!# "( )a $i9aa. E) %aba! $! $a"a# $"'i%" ") i(%"ca'bi! " i"a# ? $!$6"#%a# "(%" )!# (i8!#. cJ L"(46a" $6b)ici%ai! )!4!%i$!# ? a(6(ci!# C!(#%i%6?"( 6( 'a%"ia) "#ci%! '6? i(%""#a(%" $aa )!# (i8!# ? (i8a# ',# $"56"8!#. N!'a)'"(%" "#%!# $!6c%!# #!( " c!(#6'! a'i)ia@ $! "#%a a9( ") (i8! "#%, ac!#%6'ba! a &")!# ? a c!(#6'i)!#. La# $i'"a# ac%i&ia"# 56" #" $6""( "a)i9a #a)"( ") $!$i! i(%"*#@ $! ""'$)!@ "( )!# $!6c%!# 56" "))!# %a"( $aa "#a?6(a@ "( )a# 'aca# " )"c"@ )a# b"bia# c!(!cia#@ ? "'$"9a a#7 ") %aba! c!(c"%!. J L"(46a" $"i!7#%ic! $"iic! Paa $!" %abaa "#%a '!a)ia " %"+%! "( )a "#c6")a@ ") $"iic! "b"7a ))"4a caa 7a a c)a#". Si #" c!("cci!(a 6( $"iic! "( )a "#c6")a@ "# i(%""#a(%" 56" #a)4a 6(a $!6cci( " caa (i8!. E( ") a6)a "b"7a ab" 6( "#$aci! "ica! a) $"iic!@ $aa $!")! )""@ !"a. E# i'$!%a(%" i#$!(" " %i"'$! $aa c!'"(%a )a# i#%i(%a# #"cci!("# ") $"iic!. T!! )! 56" %"(4a'!# "#ci%! ? c!)4a! "( ") a6)a #"&i, " """(cia@ " '!")! $aa c!(#6)%a@ c6a(! "))!# "#ciba(. D"b"'!# c!(%"'$)a )a a6%!c!"cci( ? )a C!"&a)6aci(. "J C'ic L!# a)6'(!# #" &a( ac!#%6'ba(! a i(%"$"%a '6c!# #7'b!)!# 56" a$a"c"( "( ") 'a%"ia) "#c!)a #"8a)a@ "c!%a@ $i(%a@ "#cibi@ $ica@ ? $!"'!# a$!&"ca "#%!# "c6#!# $aa $!6(i9a "( )a i(%"$"%aci( " )a i'a4"(. O%! "c6#! #!( )a# !%!4a7a#. E) $i'" $a#! "( ") %aba! #!b" ") c'ic@ #", a'i)iai9a(!# c!( *)@ '"ia(%" )a !b#"&aci(@ )a )"c%6a c!)"c%i&a@ ") c!'"(%ai!. J L"(46a" $!$6)a $a"a!#@ ai&i(a(9a# ? ic!# E# i'$!%a(%" 56" ") 'a"#%! )"a '6c!# $a"a!# ? $)a(%"" ai&i(a(9a#. E#%a# #" $6""( "#cibi "( )a $i9aa. M,# a")a(%"@ $6"" $"i)"# 56" #"a( "))!# ? "))a# )!# 56" )a# i(&"(%"(. La# $6""( "#cibi "( )a $i9aa ? "#$6*# i(i&i6a)'"(%" "( 6(a !a. E) %aba! a %a&*# " )!# ic!# aci)i%a )a '"'!i9aci( ? )a c!'$"(#i(. Ta'bi*( #" $6""( "#cibi "( )a $i9aa@ b6#ca 6(a $a)aba "%"'i(aa ? "#cibi)a i(i&i6a)'"(%" "( 6(a !a. P!"'!# b6#ca ic!# " )!# '"#"# ") a8!@ $"! %a'bi*( 56" a4a( """(cia a )a 6(ia " $!4a'aci( 56" #" "#%* %abaa(!. E"'$)! " 6( $a"! A4!#%! %i"(" )a c6)$a ? #"%i"'b" )a $6)$a. 4J L"(46a" $!*%ic! $!"#7a# ? ca(ci!("# La '!a)ia ") )"(46a" $!*%ic!@ %a(%! #i #" %a%a " $!"#7a# c!'! " ca(ci!("#@ "#" '6? $"56"8!# a? 56" %abaa)a# b,#ica'"(%" a (i&") !a). T"("'!# 56" i(%"(%a ac" i#6%a a )!# (i8!# ? a )a# (i8a# c6a(! "#c6c"( 6( $!"'a ! ca(%"( 6(a ca(ci(@ %"("'!# 56" '!#%a)"# "#%" %i$! " )"(46a". Ti"("( 56" #ab" 56" "#%!# %"+%!# a( #i! "#ci%!# $! $"#!(a# ? 56" (!# "+$)ica( "c!# 56"
Centro de Estudios Ágora
36
