Content
1.1 Objective 1.2 Introduction 1.3 Theoretical Background 1.4 Equipent 1.! "rocedure 1.# $ata %cqui&ition 1.' $ata %nal(&i& 1.) $i&cu&&ion 1.* Conclu& Conclu&ion ion
3 3 3 4 4 4 ) *
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LAB 1 SPACE MEAN SPEED
1.1
OB+ECTI,E The objective o- thi& eperient i& to deterine the &pace ean &peed and tie ean &peed o- a road &ection.
1.2
I/T0O$CTIO/ evel 1 laborator( activit( re-er& to condition here the problem and ways & means are guided and given to the &tudent&. oever the answers to the a&&ignent are le-t to the &tudent& to &olve u&ing the group creativit( and innovativene&&. The activit( i& hope to &lol( introduced and inculcate independent learning aong&t &tudent& and prepare the -or a uch harder ta&k o- open5ended laborator( activitie&. In thi& laborator( activit( &tudent& ill be epo&ed to the &pace ean &peed &tud( to deterine the &pace ean &peed and tie ean &peed o- a road. 2|Page
6pace ean &peed i& de-ined a& the average &peed o- all vehicle& occup(ing a given &ection o- a road over a &peci-ied tie period. 7hile8 tie ean &peed i& de-ined a& the average &peed o- all vehicle& pa&&ing a point on a road over a &peci-ied tie period. 6pace ean &peed i& required in order to copute the accurac( o- travel tie&. 1.3
TEO0ETIC% B%C9:0O/$ 6peed value& can be calculated u&ing travel tie&8 but there are &everal t(pe& o- &peed& that &hould be di&tingui&hed. The tie5ean &peed i& the arithetic average &peed o- all vehicle& -or a &peci-ied period o- tie. 7hile8 the &pace5 ean &peed i& the average &peed o- vehicle& traveling a given &egent o- roada( during a &peci-ied period o- tie and i& calculated u&ing the average travel tie and length -or the roada( &egent. In other ord&8 the tie5ean &peed i& a&&ociated ith a point over tie8 herea& the &pace5ean &peed i& a&&ociated ith a &ection o- roada(.
1.4
E;I"
1.!
"0OCE$0E 1. 2.
% &ite location o- a &traight &tretch &ection o- road cho&en. % po&ition a& &elected -ro here the driver& ill not be aare that their
&peed& are being recorded. 3. The radar unit a& aied to the line o- vehicle >travel in group= over a &hort di&tance 4. The &peed& o- the vehicle& appeared on the radar eter and recorded on the -ield data &heet. !. The &peed &aple& taken -or 1?? vehicle& ith variou& t(pe o- vehicle& involved.
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1.#
$%T% %C;I6ITIO/ Table 1@ $ata o- t(pe o- vehicle& and &peed>kAhr= /o 1. 2. 3. 4. !. #. '. ). *. 1?. 11. 12. /o 13. 14. 1!. 1#. 1'. 1). 1*. 2?. 21. 22. 23. 24. 2!. 2#. 2'. 2). 2*. 3?. 31. 32. 33. 34. 3!. 3#. 3'. 3). 3*. 4?. 41. 42. 43.
T(pe o- ,ehicle Car Car Car Car Car Car Car Car
6peed >kAhr= 42 3' '# )* #3 !? #1 #4 44 #1 !# '* 6peed >kAhr= 2) #! 4* #3 #? '? 41 !# !1 '3 4! #? !? #4 !' 44 4) !4 #* '4 !! 24 #4 !2 !3 '2 !' 41 '# '? 44
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/o 44. 4!. 4#. 4'. 4). 4*. !?. !1. !2. !3. !4. !!. !#. !'. !). !*. #?. #1. #2. #3. #4. #!. ##. #'. #). #*. '?. '1. '2. '3. '4. /o '!. '#. ''. '). '*. )?. )1. )2. )3. )4. )!. )#. )'. )). )*.
T(pe o- ,ehicle Car Car
6peed >kAhr= #3 4) 3) 3' '2 !3 !1 '! !1 '1 !! !1 #1 4! !) '3 #3 ## !4 !? !) !# #! !' #1 3' ## )) '1 #2 4* 6peed >kAhr= '? #* 44 4# !1 !4 !! 4) #? !2 !3 4* 4# 4? #3
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*?. *1. *2. *3. *4. *!. *#. *'. *). **. 1??.
Car Car Car
4) 4) 4) !? #1 !! !! !) 4* !3 '? Total
1.'
!#!1
%/%6I6 /o o- vehicle& according to t(pe&@ Car ,an
@ #' @! @ 1# @' @!
Timemean speed , TMS =
¿
¿ 56.51
∑ V ∑ N
5651 100
kAhr
Space meanspeed , SMS =
∑ N 1
∑ V
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100
¿ 1 42
+
1 37
+
1 76
+
1 89
+
1 63
D !3.'' kAhr
1.)
$I6C66IO/ In thi& eperient8 e need to deterine the &pace ean &peed and tie ean &peed at a road &ection. 7e had cho&en the &tud( &ite at a junction near 6eri
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The picture o- &tud( &ite cho&en a& belo@
Figure 1: Map of study area
To -ind the Tie
o-
Timemean speed , TMS =
∑ V ∑ N
hich , repre&ent &peed o- vehicle& and /
repre&ent nuber o- vehicle& involved. or 6pace
Space mean speed , SMS =
∑ N 1
∑ V
.
%nother -actor that ight a--ect thi& &tud( i& the tie o- da( and duration along the &tud( period. The tie cho&en a& not around the peak hour tie. In&tead e decided to &tart our &tud( at 2 in the evening and &ucce&&-ull( done ithin one hour duration. 7ithin thi& one hour8 e &ucce&&-ull( collect approiatel( 1?? vehicle& ith variou& t(pe&.
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1.*
CO/C6IO/ Ba&ed on thi& laborator( activit( o- igha( Engineering8 hich i& &pace ean &peed8 e can get the value o- time mean speed and space mean speed . Ba&ed on the eperient that have done8 aong the 1?? vehicle& &potted8 ajorit( the vehicle& are car hich i& #' o- it. Car categoriFed included tai8 -our heel drive car and ultipurpo&e vehicle& ><",=. Then8 -olloed b( otorc(cle hich i& 1#.
lack o-
practice u&ing the radar gun be-ore doing the eperient. To avoid thi& error8 the eperti&e &uch a& lecture u&t be at the &cene and onitor the &tudent. %& a conclu&ion8 e can deterine that our eperient i& &ucce&&-ul a& e got the value o- time mean speed and space mean speed. Other than that8 &tudent ha& chance& to u&e the radar gun properl(.
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