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INTRODUCTION Technology has changed changed the personal lives of most people. people. Families Families are
able to stay connected with the use of smart phones and electronic mail, and they can meet more frequently due to their ability to travel far in various vehicles, including cars, trains and airplanes. Technol chnology ogy has has incre increas ased ed life life expe expect ctan ancy cy in huma humans ns by impr improv ovin ing g healthcare techniques. In addition to allowing surgeries and procedures that had been deemed complicated, complicated, improvements improvements in technology technology have allowed allowed for better drugs to be developed and distributed more effectively. effectively. Technology has also become indispensable for businesses, be it small businesses or a huge corporation, and is expected to continue improving over time and make daily tasks easier to perform for the average person. When it comes to the business ventures, the latest crae nowadays is franchi franchisin sing. g. !nd !nd speaki speaking ng of franch franchisi ising, ng, the most most sought sought after after trend trend in the franchising business is the food cart industry. For obvious reasons, Filipinos "ust love to eat. For the Filipinos who are always budget conscious, affordability of the product counts. !fforda !ffordable ble foods that we have available are mostly finger foods or snacks. !nd among these finger foods, the most prevalent name that astounds everyone is siomai. This long time #hinese snack has been around and has always been the crowd$s favorite. It is a traditional #hinese dumpling served in dim sum that is becoming popular to many Filipinos as viand or food snack. %ven in the food cart industry, siomai is one of the best sellers. !side from the taste of
the siomai which is well loved and adapted by the Filipinos, siomai is easy to munch and is very apt for the Filipinos who are always on the go. The aim of the study &Fabrication of a #onveyor'type (iomai )aking )achine* is to integrate modern technology in the present day process of making a siomai, which would be of great help in the siomai industry in the +hilippines. To be able to achieve this goal, the researchers are to use the principles of automation and robotics and also the existing trends of elements of machinery and design.
The researchers generally strive to integrate modern technology in the present'day process of making a siomai. This study aims to achieve the following - To improve upon the existing siomai making machines used in the industry here in the +hilippines - To decrease or ease the workload of the people whose "ob is related in siomai making - To integrate the principles of automation in building the siomai making machine - To illustrate the translation of rotary motion /gears0 into linear motion /conveyor0
Scope, Limitations and Delimitations of the Study The study focuses on building a prototype of a (iomai )aking )achine. This study will try to determine the perfect machine parts, elements and
mechanisms that could greatly improve the existing (iomai )aking )achines here in the +hilippines. !utomation will also be integrated into the machine to make it in line with the latest machines that are being used in the industry. This study is limited only to the machine$s design and elements together with its efficiency and safety. This study is also limited to a machine that makes a well'structured siomai. The packing of the product of the machine will not be part of this study. This study is delimited to the deeper testing for the materials that will be used in the production of the machine like the type of metal and its properties. !lso, the mixing and grinding of all the ingredients that will be processed by the machine will be done prior because the prototype will be limited of the processing the mixture and not making the mixture. This study is also limited to the physical structure of the finished product of the machine, the siomai. Taste, consistency, color and any other chemical properties of the product of the machine will be a delimitations for this study. !lthough, testing of the product of the prototype will be done to ensure that the achine passed a chemical and microbial standard for a food processing machine. The output of the pro"ect study may help the researchers in promoting technology development in line with their working knowledge about mechanical engineering. They can help in the improvement of mass production of siomai in the country and promote economy growth.
The pro"ect study on 1Fabrication of a #onveyor'type (iomai )aking )achine1 is significant and beneficial to the following persons Business-minded people and suppliers. The researchers believe that business'minded people, in line with food, specifically one of the 2imsum, (iomai, are the main beneficiary of the prototype of this study. (uppliers need high initial cost but in return, will be able to multiply their production number compared to manual production. !lso, this will lead to lesser salary cost. Consumers. #onsumers can get the exact amount of (iomai fillings because this is automated and controlled. We know that humans are sub"ect for inconsistency due to fatigue of continuous and repetitive work. The quantity and quality of the production is not affected even the machine works continuously for a period of time. #onsumers can guarantee exact quantity in every piece. Health-conscious people. The mixture that will be put inside the mixer is customied by the user in his3her taste of preference. They may add or remove ingredients from the typical (iomai recipe provided that it is already grinded. Community. This study aims to provide a business in a certain community. 4arangay officials can help the community in providing initial capital and in return, help the community to start their own small business like retails or wholesales and food courts. In addition, people in the community can be kept away from using illegal drugs.
Researchers. The output of the pro"ect study may help the researchers in promoting technology development in line with their knowledge about mechanical engineering. They can help in the improvement of mass production of (iomai in the country and promote economy growth.
.0 !"T#ODOLO$% This chapter presents the basis of the processes on how the researchers had carried out the design of the study. The steps included theoretical and practical knowledge thus making the research design possible. The process of how to gather, organie and analye the needed information of data necessary for the development of the (iomai')aking )achine are also stated in this chapter. .1. Theo&etical '&ame(o&) %ngineering )aterials )achine 2esign 6nowledge about sensors )achine (hop Theory •
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2ata 5athering 2esigning Fabricating !utomation Testing Troubleshooting )aintenance
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#onveyor'type (iomai )aking )achine
'i*u&e .1. Theo&etical '&ame(o&) of the Study
Figure 7.8 shows the theoretical paradigm of the pro"ect study &Fabrication of a #onveyor'type (iomai )aking )achine. It presents the procedures undertaken in completing the abovementioned study. !ssessment of the existing devices related to mass food production were also conducted. These studies helped in the conceptualiation of the proposed design. )odification and enhancement of the existing machines, its functions and additional features are then considered. Integrating the concepts and ideas of the proponents with the existing design leads to the development of the proposed design. The design procedures of the prototype include the assembly of metals, controls and sensors which is needed to ensure conformity with the requirements neededin the design. !esthetics and safety are also the basis in the construction of the (iomai )aking )achine. The mechanical design of the machine and its operation are evaluated to know the materials needed and to test its functionality.
.. +&edesi*n Sta*e
This phase included data gathering regarding possible features of the machine that advocates the selected research topic. The proponents started gathering sample knowledge and information needed in the design. The researchers of the study arranged a possible (iomai')aking )achine design. The preliminary design came from the set of data and information that the researchers had provided. 9aluable books, internet, past thesis, and other related sources from the university library formed the foundation of the design study of the (iomai'making machine through conceptualiation of the gathered data until a specific design pro"ect was formulated.
.. +&o-ect Desi*n
'i*u&e .. Desi*n +&oposal In the design stage, the systematic pro"ect plans for the fabrication of the proposed machine were formulated. The proponents chose mechanical, electronics and electrical components that may constitute the device. They started identifying and designing appropriate layout and schematic diagram in the specific parts of the machine for a specific purpose.
The conceptual design of the (iomai )aking )achine will be cautiously studied before proceeding on the fabrication of the prototype. 4y researching some related studies and browsing the internet, the researchers came up with the concept of the design. The researchers also sought the advice of the fabrication shop which has a prior knowledge in fabricating the machine on what materials should be used in according to the requirements of the machine. The general consideration is to produce a machine that could easily be operated. The researchers also considered the following aspects maintainability, space requirement and its total cost.
.. +&o-ect De/elopment The machine uses a conical dropper, motors, feed screws, crankshaft, pistons, photoelectric cell, relay counter, conveyer and other basic mechanical components while all the parts that will take contact with the product will be made of stainless steel /:;< grade0. =isted below are the ma"or components of the machine 8. %lectric )otor )otors are installed per process that needed rotational motion. First is used for the hopper and two feed screws so that the former will act as receiver of the meat mixture while the latter will push the meat to the pistons, these pistons are moving linear because it is connected to a crankshaft that is powered by the second motor. The last motor is located below the table where it is powering the
conveyer to draw the finished siomai to the tray. %ach motor will have ad"ustable rotational speed settings, making it possible to acquire the perfect timing of the speed desired to each motor. 7. )echanical +istons The main ob"ective of this pro"ect is to automate the process of making siomai. !lso, under automation, one must always consider the time consumed in one cycle. To "am the area under this challenge, the machine is to be designed with two cylindrical pistons acting to press two meat mixtures at a time, thus producing a rate of two siomais. :. =ight (ensor and #ounter >elay ! photoelectric cell is to be used as a sensor of the finished siomai. Its program is connected to a counter relay that is counting the siomais passing above the conveyor. ?aving these electronic devices, this machine will be considered as completely automated.
.. Deployment
.. !aintenance )ost of the components of this machine will be detachable designed for its maintaining purposes, making it easy to clean every single part. While considering that this machine is for food processing, it$s right to use a stainless steel having a grade of &:;<* which is designed with excellent resistance in
corrosion and also making it fit for the welding and forming process that will be done to the machine.
