Prepare Yourself for the BAC Exam - Carte pregatire competente lingvistice engleza

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

Structura examenului de bacalaureat la limba englezi Evaluarea competenteror ringvistice ra rimba engreza se face prin trei tipuri de probe:

r. ll.

lll.

proba de in{eregere a unui text audiat cu durata de 20 de minure; proba scrisd cu durata de 120 de minute; proba orald cu durata de .10_15 minute.

l. Proba de intetegere a unui text audiat candidatii audiazd doud texte autentice in rimba standard: . unul de dificultate redusd, cu durata de circa 2 minute; . al doilea de dificultate medie, cu durata de 3_4 minute.

ll. Proba scrisd cuprinde doud pdr[i: a) Prima parte evalueazd competenla de receptare a unui text citit. pe bazaa doud texte-suport, candidatii rdspund unui numdr de intrebdri. primul text, pe o tematicd accesibild' are dimensiunireduse gi un grad-redus de comptexitaie. Aldoilea text, pe o tema de interes generar, este mai amplu, av6nd un grad o" .orpr"*itate mai ridicat. b) Partea a doua evalueazd competenla de producere a unui mesal scris. Candidalii au de redactat

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doud texte:

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-Organizarea rert, 'i

lll. Proba orali

- Fiecare bilet conline cdte trei intrebdri de dificultate progresivd (exemplu: o intrebare referitoare la universul personal,'

o cerinld care sd implic6 o scurtd relatare; o pdrere

personalS cu justificare/ argumentare pe o temd de interes). Pe parcursul probei orale se recomandd ca profesorii examinatori sd interac{ioneze cu candidatul in timpul desfagurarii probei. Pe ansamblul celor trer probe, evaluarea candidalilor se face separat pentru fiecare din cele cinci competen{e: in!elegerea textului audiat, in!elegerea textului citit, interac{iune orald (participare ra convlrsalie), prcducere ou ,"rr;" orare, producere de mesaje scrise (conform cadrului European comun de Referinld pentru Limbi_CECRL). Pentru fiecare din cele cinci compelente evaluate, nivelul de competenld lingvisticd se stabilegte dupa cum urmeazd:

31 61 11

81

-

30 puncte: Al (introductiv, sau de descoperire) 60 puncte: A2 (intermediar, sau de supravieluire) 80 puncte: B1 (nivel-prag, sau independent) 100 puncte: 82 (avansat, sau independent)

Corectltudine

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Organizarea tex-t. 1.8

Corectitudine g:a '1C

Vocabular'

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Nivelui de compe

41:

11- 30 p

A2: 31- 60 p

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CRITERIA OF EVALUATION

De.

Every piece of writing for an exam is accompanied by a set of rules that have to be respected and a number of points granted accordingly, Before starting to tackle a particular task, students should be aware of the way their work is to be assessed so that they can organise it for the highest level possible, not forgetting their potential at the same time.

There are a number of various written tasks expected to be performed by a high school graduate. The most frequent are: emails, narratives, informal and formal letters, articles, essays. Each of them has a particular structure that must be followed as such so that the piece can send the right message to the reader, which is actually the aim of writing it in the first place. According to the length and the degree of the difficulty, some may fit into A2 scale (the equivalent of an intermediate level = 60 points maximum), such as the

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Here is the marking scheme forA1-A2 scale used for the Baccalaureate exam:

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email, informal letters and narratives, while others aim at 82 (the equivalent of an experienced user = 100 points maximum).

t

Continut

40 de puncte (20 puncte)

/n

'ai ridicat

scrie un text adecvat situatiei i tipului de text propus respectd limita legatd de numdrul de cuvinte indicat scrie enunluri simple pe tema propusa

4 puncte

exprimd in fraze scurte ceea ce simte explica pe scurt actiunile prezentate / descrise

4 puncte

4 puncte 4 puncte 4 puncte 5 puncte

Organizarea textului (10 puncte)

ordoneazd corect cuvintele in enunturi simple ieagd enunturi scurte prin conectorii cel mai des folositi, producdnd un text simplu gi coerent

^'trebare

Corectitudine damaticale (5 puncte)

r narara

Vocab

folosegte relativ corect structuri sintactice 9i forme gramatlcale simple, fdrd a afecta sensul global al mesajului folosegte corect un repertoriu elementar de cuvinte 9i expresii

', fiecare : u i citit,

{30 puncte} iscrie un text adecvat situatiei / respectd limita legatd de numirul

JCere oe r gvisticd

5 puncte

60 de puncte

Subiectui *[ it"iea

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adecvate temei propuse

{5 puncte}

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Organizarea textului {10 puncte} Corectituciine gramaticali {10 puncte}

Vocaburairivelui

.de

(10 puncte)

5 puncte

re o oame variat6 de structuri te vocabularul 1n mod corect le un vocabular varrat gi adecvat temei

eorrrg:cter:!6 sc va acondais'r funclie de punctajulob{inut, dup6 cum urnreazS: Htr: 6tr- 80 punete i- 30 g:aune€e

41: 42: 3l- 60 punete 'f

dinire idei otosegle corect paragrafele ie cOrecf structurile grama

B2: 81-'t0E puncte

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

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MODELS

Suocesre

HELP iPARAGRAF

I

1. EMAIL

You recently borrowed your best friend's DVD player. Unfortunately it has been broken. write to him an email of 80-100 words explaining what happened and suggesting ways to make up for your mistake. STEP

Addresses:

Greeting

1

) Pay attention to the format of an email: . Use a specific way to write the sender's and the recipient's addresses:

Reason fo' writing

TO: (the email of the person to whom the e-mail is addressed) FROM: (the address of the person who writes the email) SUBJECT (what the email is about)

'

I

Factual det:

lt usually starts with Dear...., ( the recipient's first name) separated by the rest of the

text, but you can also use any other familiar greeting depending on the relationship you have with the recipient: Hi!, Hello!, My dear...; 'All the paragraphs start from the left side of the page because e-mails are a fast way of writing messages on computer requiring the least typing effort; . The introduction should always include the reason for writing; . The conclusion should always include closing greetings;

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Separated from the main body of the text, at the end we should include a greeting such as Dearly ..., With love, Hugs,..., followed by your firsi name; . lnformal register 2, OPlNlOlll

STEP 2

) ldentify the keywords and what you are expected to write: ' recently borrowed; it has been broken = you should include a short explanation of the circumstances in which the DVD player was damaged;

. best friend = a highly familiar tone; ' explaining what happened = details of the location and the period of

time

SIEP 3 ) Use connectors to make your ideas easy to follow: because, firsily, so, that's why,

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involved; . suggesting wdls = apologies and promises of making things right.

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Prenare vourself for the BAC exam

SIEP 3: ) Use connectors to link both sentences and paragraphs in a coherent way, such as: in my opinion, from my point of view, firstly, secondly, in addition, moreover, after all, however, either way, not to mention, to conclude; . Every paragraph should deal with one idea, that is to be presented in a topic sentence at the beginning of the paragraph; . "Dress up" your topic sentences with relevant explanations and examples!

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3. FORMA

Your clasr you want STEP

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MODEL

HELP OPINION ESSAY

GRAMMAR

It is hard to believe that nowadays we can find a Modal verbs

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time. While the first ones are achievable

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will, effort Ggrundial

and dedication, the last one is of a totally different constructions kind; it can be done only bypelng ablp to take your chances when you recognise them and also to take risks from time to time.

Undoubtedly no one can guarantee success even Devel6ped gdjeqlives if risks and chances are taken, but it is a sure thing that without them, there is no way to reach it as life is full of surprises of all kinds that cannot be calculated, but welcomed and well-used. Adverbs ln conclusion, I think that two directions should be Conclusion: reinforcing your followed: to work for our dreams and to be alert to personalopinion whatever life presents us with.

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person who does noi desire success, either in their

field of work, their hobbies or at least among their group of friends. Unfortunately, the more people Connectors strive for success, the more they realize how hard it is to reach it, mainly because it implies a great amount of unexpected. Passive voice There are many ingredients for success, such as Developing hard work, good connections, talent, interpersonal each idea into a skills, charisma, to be in the right place at the right separate paragraph

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SuccesrED ANSwER:

HELP PARAGRAPHS

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) The tense most often used in an opinion essay is the Present Simole, BUT: - if a particular thing is undergoing a transformation you should use the Present Continuous: - if you want to give an example from your personal experience, you should use the Past Simple and mention the time when the events took place; ) Use varied grammatical structures for a better impression; ) Use vocabulary related to success, risks, explaining, evaluating.

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PrePare Yaursett for the BAC

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ANSwER:

HELF PARAGRAPHS

MODEL

exarr,c

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The purpose the retter

lonescu'

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constructions

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the students'lPassive of i l'4Y name is Popescu Radu'

and

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Formal

Dan lonescu Headmaster of "No 50" High school 14 West Avenue Bucharest, 6th disirict

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FORMAL LETTER

Dear Mr'

)

,Je\l/i

June '1 A,2012

Salutation i

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^li ^i-lC:i C;i -'.

23 Ftorilor Street, aPari 158 Bucharest, 6th district

Sender's address

Use

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H

ELP

PARAGRAF _a

I

to have You iWe woutO be extremely honoured for June ls scheduled event the As Giving the ii"g"in"r with us "Drumeluiui" Restaurant' we hope necessary 1 f Ztfr'aiS p m' at week *itt utto* our celebration Conn".to* details tff..'zU tne remaining i ito fit Y"ur agenda' an answer from yot'l' I we loot< forward to receiving conclusion I ;;;J;; ;eing notified about the wav we can help ivou reach the location' i

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Closing

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Yours sincerelY' popescu Radu

I I

4. ART'IGI-E

YourschooImagazineorganisesacompetitionofartic|esentitled..Remembering your article in 180-200 words' my first day in high school"' Write L

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article: Pay attention to the format of an

)

.Acatchyintroductionabletomakethereaderwanttocontinuereadingyourafticle;

'

Semi-formal register;

.|deastoengagethereaderintoyourwriting,totransmitapositiveandmemorab|e message; STEP 2:

)

you are expected to write: ldentify the key words and what the rules of the . remembertng = a narrative' usrng past tenses and respecting sequence of tenses;

'my=first-personnarrative'feelingsandvocabularyrelatedtofeelings; 10

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:alcrUe lnoA 0t-

::

6u1;equeue;

llelep ur oraq0soujle

eql 6utqucsa6

'6urq1fuena Pa6ueqc seLl looq3s ecuouedxa tnoA ut alediciped o] Japesl

Ll61-.1 ul Aep 1slt1 ,iLu InQ ',;ansu,, ptes sletl plnom 'obe s;eeA lnol ll lnoqe oul paxse peq noA sa^nro{pe ; dugsepa a oleal uec a;ll tno{ ut Iep padop^ao ilesapourau fueulpto fi16unuaas e iElf pourbeul lona nod eneg

313IIUV

H

aq1 0ut1tnul

ciil " tr:a

looqcs q6lll ul Aep lslrl {Lu Outlaquoulau

uvhll lvuc d-lf

l

i suavucvuva 'l3ootN I al=u (1

unJcn,:s

a//ss9-

:u3msNV oarsaccng

.looLlcs 's6w1ee1 ,sauaw€w :se qsns sp:orvr{e1 ol pa}elal fue;nqecon as61

6

iuotssa:dutJauoqejo}SoJn}cnl}s|ec|}e[!ulet6io{laueneosn( .seldr_uexe pue suoseal

qlrnn ,,dn

lt s$ojp,, pue qdeL\eted tad eap auo {1uo as61 1

:verH3.S) '.oFwexa ,ewqueew eLll ut 'uo\uau o] lau 'ol fue4uoc 'doJaeql 'epnpuoc oJ 'llnse) )oJ 'pua at4J ut 'p e-se 'puo aql ut 'le( pue 'tertanoq ')oAootow 'Aes ol sse/paau 'se ']! 'j! uana 'q6noq11e asn lstg '6utuut6aq atll Je :se qcns 'luaJorlo3 fuo1s "rno^ oleu o] srolcauuoc JelJe 'tp

wexa CVg

I jt dSls

lo

aq1 rc1 gesLnoA

uvhlhlvu9 dtSH

eLedet4

Pre\are Yourself for the BAC exam

5. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

"Ihe 300'350 words on the following topic: write a for-and-against essay of about impoftance of sports is overrated"'

SuccesrED Axs$

I

HELP PARAGRAPHS

lrtroducing it',e iopic and the balance of

STEP 1: essay: ) Pay attention to the format of a "for and against"

.Theintroductionshouldclearlypresentthetopictobediscussed,inyourown both the pluses and the minuses; words, in ,u"n *uy to emphaiize " .Themainbodydea|swithargumentsinfavourandagainstthetopicissue' in logical paragraphing;

organised r,-- ..-L^,^ ^^^.Theconc|usionshouldcomeasapersona|opinionafterwritingthewho|eessay|n that it offers a balanced view on the topic; an objective'i.|"nnli, "o 'Formal register;

'rie'r'r'points

ACvantages fo. r' 1 ct

:a'agraPi' A:i'aniages:

2rc

STEP 2:

)

b)

parag;:ac-

J sad,,'antaEes againsi:1s:

you are expected to write: ldentify the keywords and what

^^--^.^^h ag

.imporTanceofsports=vocabu|aryre|atedtodifferentsports,hea|th; = reasons whY sPort is imPortant; controversiar; . is overrated = reasons why the issue of sport may be

-a

)Beforeyoustartwritingyouressay,makeatwo.column|istoftheforandagainstissues you have in mind; you should include these ideas in the leading )- lf you are more "for" or more "against"' the the conclusion, for a stronger effect upon restate them in as well as faragrapns

!

oY

sad','an:ages

againstl: 2nd -n a':! oP

reader, STEP 3:

)Useconnectorstolinkbothsentencesandparagraphsinacohe,rentway,suchaS:on oi att,"secondty, another..., in conclusion' the one hand, on tie other hand, first -therefore, this is why, on the contrary' consequently; explanations and examples! ) "Dress up" your topic sentences with relevant

d.cxEcx:

Cc:c.tsion and 1 . ^4rqnp2l gv v. f/v

,r!r

:o

nt of

"'ie'u,'

topic

)Everyparagraphshoulddealwithoneideaon|ythatistobepresentedina paragraph; sunt"nc" a[tne beginning of the

present slmple' BUT: ) The tense mosi often used is the present continuaus'' . if there is a transforming process' you should use the

.ifyouwanttogiveanexamp|efromyourpersona|history,youshou|dusePast took place; and mJntion the tirne when the event structures for a better impression' D Use varied gramrnatical D

Sitpt"

6. INFORMAL LE

sporl such as: exptaining, giving reasons, Use vocabulary related to keywords n egative' activiti es, sport peopt e, positive'

Wiite a short let your life. Include

evening. and abt

words.

12

_-tl_ 001-0g u! ralrrsue JnoI oluM '{ep aql10 puo aq} le nof rvroq lnoqe p"" ,6r",::"^: laal /uoouraue 76u1u'lotu aln ur op Allensn nort leqrrr uo,l".roJr, opnrsur .e;r; rno,{ lnoq" e lnoqe raLr /rurq 6ur11e1 puarJJ ued lno{ ol rs'ar uoqs e elrM ur

fep laann Jecld{l

u=tl.I:n'lvhtuojNt

,j"jl"#

aL11

to1 gesLnoA

oq] pue

rr",

:ldoi e ut DelL3s:

l';it"iil;;:

3A|MN3ri{ncuv

;"'cds 'suosee, 5

'9

lsPd asn pinc_s

sr pods uor1' o's-aj6u-ll6n.e ,acueteq e pue uotle:apoul ,ecuerled LqllA lpap ag plnoqs s6urql |1e fEej 4urql {1;euos:ad I ,UOiSnl-Oro-O-TI palearo tulsnpur

eq1 ffi 'le6uo; {ue 'urpeq slalleu lEei acueLuro1roo aql lou sl 'ssoutsnq e oqt ll uatil /fueu poullo;sueJl lo qctqM 'saureb pIE sluene pods butpuage o1 uenr6 ecuepoduldulseanultataaqrsrilta-f Q-o--rt-.rdq-l6Uy-

'lr uo sncoJ palen66exa aq] lnq 'loajJa ea11e6au oLl] Jo, alqlsuodset sl ]elft llods aLll lou sr 11 O:Ola!- UE{i astot| rl-Jnu st lool pUE q11eaq Jtaql uo oLg lcajJa ools lt {eq1 lualuoLu eql sJ- ,1q6le,rn EOiSdlIl etnssatd eq1 Japun ]t pels Ieq1lT pods 6urop Io outlnol e urelsns louuec 6!7u\ aldoad ,{ueLu e:e eleql .sotltnt}ce osaL{t SadEinTiEOOi Jo asn;ano ue .16 asn duotrvt e TQ panopeLls eq PiBomeg uec pods to sa6eluenpe aqt tfe ,FUCWEWO-OITIO 'aldoed patr-rcs! pue iqs ,ilauol astoA aNSSed uo seq ]r ioaJJo anlyoddns aql Li-olIUEU_Ol-iO-N 'ilmTeJa]oe:etlc s,euo burdeqs ut pue ocplolJoM ,e;l; all] ut osle Iep ihe fuene ut osoqJ ,e.rruassa .arc Aeldtteg pue suonJn4suog are nilfdJOli lurds uleol ureal ]eqm pue aztletcos o1 eldoed:ol ziem e sr pods leal7calpe 1o np-Ud56$ 'Iearq pods rfpep e dEll ail a6uet opytrt Addeq e 6urnr; pItE V lronn QJOQ Jo! rtJ pue psxepJ olou laoJ auo a{Bru uec 6urq1o51 .Oureq-1;an pue q]leaq letaual tno srol5Em65 tol yeyodtul ip4lugap sr yods ,p[eq-6-uoEqlf$ sn6nm plte- seoelue^pe s]r qloq Jo "r"^:u"?'ilffi;: aldoed lq^^--lEqi ,an11e6eu auocoq uec Sfrb6J sqran lepoull o} poou leuostad @'3r1{e1s oql lO Moqs e 'Jaelec e SE iEffi ,s{epennou Uods ol UilT6--5i acueyodtul erc,u pu, ,r.* AVSSS

at^ jo ]ulod

^ ;euostad :no,,r pue uotsnlsuoS

'uotsnlcuoS ui uo :se qcns ',{e.,,

qdei6eteC pu7 :(isureOe sa6eluenpesrg

-

r

aq1 uodn lcaga

_::

Ourpeel oL.l] ut s??: sonsst lsure6e : _:

_

e s, qde:6eteC li'::

1s; :(lsureOe) sa6eiuenpesr6

qde:Deted pu7 :saDeluenpy ur

qde:6eted 1s;.:(.ro1)

{essa

a"--

"1oq*

,

'anssr crdol aqj tsu

sebeluenpy sluto0MOtA Jo acueleq

aql pue 3tdo]

.bd:

uano

- -

tno{ ut 'pass-:

l

eq1 6urcnporlu;

SHdVUCVUVd

'*_:uJMsNv wexa CVg

d-l]H

J

l

eq1,, :crdol 6urrno11

olsrccng (1

atedaLs

Prepare yaurself for the BAC exam

STEP 1: ) Pay attention to the format of an informal letter: . lt always starts with Dear...., (the recipient's first name) and it is placed in the middle of the page, separated by ihe rest of the letter; the reason for writing the letter; " The introduction always contains .Theconclusionalwayscontains closingremarkslhatassurethereaderofyourfeelings; . At the end, separated from the main body of the e!t9r, in the right corneryou should your true friend, ..., with love, ..., Hugs, ..., followed by include a greetint iuch as your first name; . Informal register: f

You have just Passed

magazine invited Yo words. STEP 1: ) Day attention to :^=

. A catchY intrc:scene (place : . The strong l: -: events that ea:

.Aconcius'cr -:

STEP 2:

ldentify the key words and what you are expected to write: , A ietter to a pen friend is an informal |etter with a particu|ar format; of daily activities; ' typical day =

)

7. PERSONAL NARR

'o"u5ulary

STEP 3; as for me' ) Use connectors to make your ideas easy to follow by the reader, such as: soi meantime' the in before, because, at first, as, white, after, ) Use paragraphs to organise your explanation;

mind;

. The tenses -:-Perfect, Futu'e

. Semi-formai re: . There are Cf

='.

- a descriPiior

}'cngcx:

) Use varied grammatical structures so that your letter can make a good impression' ) Use vocabulary related to keywords such as: feetings, daily activities, schoo/'

$ SuccrsrED IHeLF-

MODEL

INFORMAL LETTER Dear Susan,

lnformal greetlng Explaining the reason for the letter Describing the situation in detail i I

Expressing I feelings I I

iClosinq

lsteeti;s

S-EP 2 ) :=".:i , :he key'.r: -: , -.,tsual expe: e , s- 2.e ofi expe':

ANSwER:

PARAGRAPHS

lConclusion

:

- using direc: s: - asking a rr.e'.:' - creating nni s:: - referring io ie: - adoressing i^: - a descriPtior :

-

you' Various I'm writing this short letter because l'm missing conneclors but I am also awfully busy preparrng for my exams'

Every morning I wake up at 7 o'clock and I have a cuo of hot chocolate at breakfast so I can study Modal verbs harder. I usually starLwith writing, then I take a short break around 11.30 o'clock. ln the afternoon I continue studving until 6 p'm' Gerundial when it is trme for a walk or some chatting on the construction internet. The night finds me dead tired! I wish I could find you online more often' Write to me about

Yourself!

Love,

\ndreea

S-gP 3 ) :Se COlr€CtorS :: :: events: before, z ) Jse a varietY cf a:. '-o

O-

roznaf

cHecx: ) Before

q 2_'a__

-

staii.:

) Use vocab; a-.

9t

'aouauodxe pnsnun 'paurllno oq oi sluola

's6wpa! 'o't :splomIal lsel aq] o] palelel fuelnqecon esl aql uo optcap ,altJm o1 Ourpels olo1og

1o ecuenbes esrceld

1

I

:ycaH3

udn5msam a

icipanw

.LU

s

:a^tle uotlualle s,Japeej aql deel pue e:eqdsoLule 6urlsarelur ue oleorc o] sqJe^pe pue sanrlcafpe;o {1auen e asn I lfi uappns' uaqlA'eILlM' owqueew aql ut' uaLll'Jelqe' oroleq :slua^a ]o {sea fuo1sjno^ areu oi srolcouuoc esn I ecuanbas eq1{uelc ol rllercedse 'Mollo}

o1

:t

sqroA lepoFl ]J A Et

mFEnnos snonE

>l

'n

d]_LS

:uJoq]

lo] ollJ^ puB puil.u:no{ ur JopeoJ aq1 deel srtennle lsnu no{ - ecueuadxe ue eJeqs . :JeaJ 'looqs 'esudlns oj polelal fuelnqecon = ocu€tJodXa pnsnun . :alrJl ol palcadxa ale no{ }eqm pue sp:onn{a1 eq1ri1lluap1 :Z

uvWWVU9 d'r3H 1

dfJ-S 'lootlcs'se4t^r]31

suorlceol s,eldoad 1o uorlducsap e {glcetrp lapeal eq1 Ourssarppe spooul .ro sbur;aa; o1 6ur:tela; asuadsns :o fta1sIu.r 6urleatc uollsenb lectJolaq: e 6ur1se qceeds lcelrp 6ursn lurodpuels anrldeclad e iuoJ1 ouacs aq1 ;o uorldtJcsep e :o; sanbtuqco] lualo1Jtp a:e o.laqf .

'uorssa:dur poob e

'aw

:fuo1s e Ourpue pue buruur6aq

JoJ

sa :se q3ns

ilelstOa: leuloj-tulaS . l(1se6 eql ut arnlnl ']co!ad ]sed 'snonutluoo pue eldu.rrg ise6) sesua] lSVd ale posn {11eulou sasua} oq1.

'lD!

rI

lpurLu

s,JapeoJ oql ut pt^t^ uteuol ol JopJo ur '{enn pelcedxeun ue ul ua}}tjM uotsnlcuoc

v

.

lebesseu papualut aql ol Japeai alil peol leq] slua^o

1O

ecuanbas aLll puB s{eluoc

1r

e6esseutr aq} st oAt}elJeu e Jo lurod 6uo:1s aq1 .

ifuo1s lno{ 1o (slalcereqc 'aujt} ,aceld) oueos oql los plnoqs qcrqnn '6urpeot onutiuoo Jopeal oq] oleu ol uononpoJlul {qc1ec y. :o^rlelreu e Jo leullo] oql ol uotluape {e6 :

L

{q pennolqol '"' 'sln 1

dfJS

plnoqs no{ rauroc 1 is6urlae;:noIJo Jape :JaU

'SpJO/v\

09e lnoqe Io anllelleu e aluM 'slapeal oql ol ll aJeqs o1 no/( pall^ur eulzebeu looqcs lnort;o toltpo aql pue ecuelledxe lensnun ue q6no.rq1 pessed lsnf eneq no1 UOIS /3^TIVUUVN -IVNOSUSd '/ wexe CVg

aq1 to1

olpp!LU eql ur peceld

gestnoA etedaL4

Prepare yourselffor the BAC exam

b)

SuccesrED

ANSWER:

HELP PARAGRAPHS

MODEL

Sequence of events creating the atmosphere

GRAMMAR DOs;

Life can be full of surprises!

Title

Catching the reader's attention and setting the scene of the story

HELP

PERSONAL NARRATIVE/ STORY

I have never considered myself a strong guy, ready to fight io defend my principles, but what happened last week at the local Post Office definitely changed my opinion about myself. It was around lunch time, on a sunny day and I was queuing to the cashier counter to collect my monthly allowance. I wasn't paying too much attention to what was happening around me because I was making plans on how to spend the money.

Suddenly, my attention was caught by the slowly moving hand of a young man who seemed to be waiting in the queue just like me. His hand had a very strange trajectory, towards no apparent point of interest. Or at least this is what I thought, because Various the interesting destination was the schoolbag of a connectors B-year old girl whose mobile phone could be seen through one of the openings.

ljust couldn't believe my eyes! But he indeed picked the phone delicately with two fingers, pulled it out without anyone noticing anything and put it into his own pocket. lt was just too much for me. When I saw him ready to leave, ljumped at him shouting to give the mobile phone back to the little girl. Everybody

else started to yell at him too, hands stretched to grab him, when unexpectedly, the litile girl stopped us all.

She explained that the young man was her elder brother and that he couldn't have tried to steal it from her. But the young man smiled and said that he was actually trying to teach her a lesson, because it had happened to her so many times before to have her things stolen. Needless to sav that I was feeling both embarrassed

and furious while listening to their story. But An unexpected ending

16

everything changed when the young man started to shake my hand, thanking me for my behaviour.

The end? | found some wonderful friends and started to feel more confident and proud about myself. After all, I had the chance to prove that I am not just "anybody" and I didn't miss it!

I

. Use as niuci- irr y"our English ls . . Do research or-:

it s normal to ha plenty of jnfo:re

. use vanous

g"e

complex.

. Use a dran b., ; and avoid a oi c . Pay attentior :c draft to the exan . I ico iho

ro

r

.s-

not wasie ,:-' : . Double-c'e:., :' DON'TS:

. Don t use \,/olcs l-rave a srmple.

;

. Don't mix up reg . Dnn t r rea nnlle ^ SI'EEI.

. Dcn t count yo"r ,,,,,aste time. lt is t multiply it to the

LI,

I

)l fE .ia

p

s i.IJ

le 'uailtJ/v\ saull llnl lo Jaqrrnu oL{} o} }l IldrilnLu pue aurl lln] ouo uo o]tJ^ no{ sp:onn 1o Joqunu oq} }unoc o1 qbnoue st }l 'orxt} a}se^ ;lrrn noI - Jossosse aql llyv\ lor.1]tou osnecaq euo Iq ouo spJol lno,{ lunoc t,uoq . 'leorls or..ll ur uorlesJanuoc e lou 'uotleutluexo ue st sLll leOenbuel ;ernbolJoc osn ],uo6 . ilr ol lcrls 'Ienn auo ur pauels no{ 1; is:e1sr6e.r dn xtu.l l,uo6 . 'auo oleJncceut ue ueql e6en6ue; :a1dr.urs e eneq ol reiloq s! 1 iJo alns lou ete no[ ]eql soJnlcnt]s lect]euu.lel0 pue spJo^ asn ],uo6 .

mlffi5 'pasn no{ spJom eql to 6ur;1ads oq} )oaqo-alqno6 . ,eul1:noI alseM 'pazr;eued 1a01ou 11rm noI pue lurod oql ol lctls 11rn no,( lou lo Ourppe lou - splom Joqrunu perrnbal oLlt osn .

lllm no1 'spJom g ueql :nozt

r.uo.r1

etou

Sndl€A-

11e

rtq ge_rp e

p ,{ A fiqE

slr

ln( p L,l

F jv,

e

6ur1ce1

'lcallo lsel e Jo] Apeal sagnutut oulos o^eq pue .leded utexa aq] ol Uetp 6urq1fuane {doc o1 alqe aq ol ropio ul llulll eurrl uenro aq} o} uor}uope ,{e6 .

aq

{

'solelsil.u Jo ]ol e pto^e pue repeq sqdetOeled Tseepr.lnoI esrue6Jo ol olqe oq lllm no1 isueou

SE

asn .

ol 4 s

'xe;duoc sr qsr16u3 .rno{ 1eq} ocutAuoc llliv\ no 'suotlcnJ}suoc lecueulue:6 snouen esl . 'lr osn ol pelcedxa e:e noI pue punole uotleullolut 1o,flueld

sr aJoql 1nq 'crdo1{ue lsotu1e JoJ sproM lnol Ourpurl ur sLue;qo:d aleq o} leuJJou s,}l 'lauJalur eq1 bursnno:q Iq :o selcrpe euuos 6urpee.r Iq.reqlre crdog eq1 uo qcleasal oC . 'qcu sr qsrgbu3 lno{

]eLll rossasse oq) ocut^uoo llt/\A no1 'olqtssod se fuelnqecon ctleulor1l

i

p€ p€l

rp

qcnu se osn .

:soo uvt/uWVuc d'l3H

SI,NOO ? sOO

wexa CVg

aq1

nl llestnol ercda4

Preoare vourself for the BAC exam

Qfropte" 2 - HOW TO ruru trfrtQflvtrLY A. SUBIECT

CRITERIA OF EVALUATION The reading paper consists of two parts: one fexf followed by five multiple choice questions for the A1-A2level, and a second texf followed by ten multiple choice questions for the 81-82level. Candidates are required to solve both the first and the second task. In real life, people read in different ways according to the purpose they have. lf they want to know the price of a car, they will surely scan the classified ads in the newspaper. lf they

1. Read the te

not enough in (C1. Write you i"re_gs:-* s

-:* I r=>-

>.9

:.1-s:--:;3: -

have just received an e-mail from their best friend, they will probably skim it to see what it is about.

These two reading strategies, scanning and skimming, are very important in real life situations and they will be come in handy during the examination.

T

-

- --.4:..:

:-E :*ee:.'e -]trf

S-,-l€ rrl€ l

-E_-€-=>J

Scanning is reading quickly to find specific information. Your focus here is to find a certain detail.

Skimming is reading quickly through a text to understand the main ideas and get an overview. Your focus here is to get the main idea of the text. To perform the examination tasks successfully, you have to use both scanning and skimming.

Below you can read the marking scheme for this part of the test, used for the

-

-:s:-l

--]s

- t.-i-I-Eal. i ----., - - {r=-*F --rI'. t- --> J =El:-.: ------- E A E*' -o- l -

F_.=-=

...:

*.-.in- a: -s I 3l:::SS r:r :r E

Baccalaureate exam: |

Subiectul

40 de puncte

I

(5 rdspunsuri x B puncte)

tr{,a-E:-, a- ---

[ . -= --

: i;-: 2 : .*.*3s l:-si =--g -e":e::ee

Subiectul al

ll-lea

60 de puncte

I i 'l--, P"a^:c

4, --s

(10 raspunsuri x 6 puncte)

r | ^rt_--f - 1t=

Nivelul de competenti se va acorda in funcfie de punctajul obfinut, dupi cum urmeazi: 41: 11- 30 puncte A2: 31- 60 puncte 81: 61- 80 puncte 82: 81-100 puncte

5.

: R;-:

--::-sa:'e

{

Rg-:

-Y-- Tips

. T-e

:-e:

.S(n.'.':*e

. ; :ie.g a s t''c: ri

. Reac ::e .-^

^t^-

:EX: SC

18

I

%

6t 'spoM

awes oLlJ ]ou 'duryeau aues aql Lllt* saeualuas JoJ }ool os ,]xel 'il(Aueql {11ue.re#rp popjoM all] ur uorleurojur aLll sr sa3ueluos aq} ur uor}eurjojur eql leql puil.rJ ur dao) 'sp:onnz{a1 0q} ourljopun pue {11niare3 s}uaua}els a^r] oq} peeE 'asetqd Jo plom/tena puelslapun o]

.

iuepodlur lou sr ]r 'lxaruoc oq] uoJJ 6urueau Jraq] esnpap o1 fu1 'nnou>1 1,uop nor sp.,oM a,e oroql . Jr ']noqe st lxal oLll ]eqm Jo eept ue 1e6 o1 {11 .}slJ }xo} oLli LUIIS . ']xal oql JopJo oq] MolloJ siiem;a ]o suorlsanb aq_1 .

sdll n pq I ilean6uor11 'g ^ lq6tu '; 'll qloqeztlf Jo uolssocse eql uo aJleolll s,{lsefepl laH outecaq arjeeqi e__ ; Aes i,usao6 .C 6uo.r14 .g tr.l6lU : 'l reM p.:, o3uls orleaL{1 s,{1se[ey1 roH ]e ,,{lsnonurluoc pe{e1d seq eredg eqr }o wo}ueqj eq_ 7

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the answer for each sentence' scan the text and mark the part where you will find answer' correct the choose and Read this part of the text carefully

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6V' Are you ready? Let's check your answers: l) AHswens: 1. A (,,Her Majesty's Theatre is a

west End theatre, located in the Haymarket' in the city

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needed break in your daily routine' time to devote to your daily house chores' lf you have been so busy that you haven't had

behind on can be really satisfying' a day off to spend just'doini everything you are just to do more work' it can actually feel Although it sounds tit
reduce their stress level simply by like a treat. Most people find that they can drastically ihing, but knowing that the garden taking a day off to calln up on work. it tignt be a little joy to your life' nas bieen weeded or the kitchen is clean can add (www.ezineaticles'com)

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"Government assurances last year that childhood obesity levels were

levelling off have been found to be sadly wanting. Any hope that whitehall may rrave had for a quick fix to the epidemic has been shattered bytoday's figures," .uiJ Fry, chairman of the child Growth Foundation

i.r

and spokesman for the National obesity Forum, which represents doctor nurses and dieticians involved in obesity.

"The fact that obesity doubles during the primary school years from reception year shows that the Department of Education must rethink iis recent iiopor.r, on school dinners and physical activity.

some experts fear that the true prevalence

of childhood obesity may be even worse because some of the g% of children who did not take purt *Lr" not measured because their parents did not want their offspring's serious oo"ritf to be identified. The NCMP measures the height and weight of children in reception class and year 6 in primary schools in England to establish how many pupils are classed as ,,underureight,,, "hearthy weight", "overweight" and "obese". The'figur", giu"-u iJ;v i,l.ruru, of att eligible pupils - over one mittion in at- iook part tast year, the targest

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Tim straughan, chief executive of the NHS Information centre, said: ,,The study suggests that weight problems continue to be far worse for older chirdren than for younger children,

with one in three year 6 pupils being either overweignt or ;iese and nearty five obese. These statistics suggest that more nLeds to be done-at a younger age to combat obesity within primary education and to positively encourage hearthy eaung and participation rn physical activity, to reduce future hearth imprications for these chirdren.,,

Paul sacher, a paediatric dietician and co-founder of Mend, a social enterprise that provides healthy lifestyle programmes for children ."ro., ft'u UK, said the new dara showed yet again that there is a "childhood obesity crisL'i wrricrr is worsening. ,,lt is extremely concerning

that childhood obesity is on the increase ano action must be taken to reverse this worrying trend." said Sacher. "with nearly onu in ft,r"" children overweight or obese in the UK, more needs to be done to protect the health of our nation,s children and avoid the short and long-term financial burden of child otesity on NHS at this criticar

time we hope that these figures will urge the government to invest in further healthy Iiving programmes as a solution to the crisis,,, Dr Helen

walters of the UK faculty of Public Health said that the small year-on year Increases "indicate that we are halting the rise (in childhood obesity). But the situation will take decades to sort out and, as iistands, the picture remains break. (www.guardian.co.uk)

:^ :-e. -.

1. The new NHS report reveals that

r

A. a million pupils in England are overweight.

more than a third of children leaving primary school are overweight or obese. a quarter of chirdren reaving primary schoor are overweight or obese. D. a third of the chirdren starting primary schooiuiu ou".,i",ght or obese. A. the B. the C. the D. the

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government government government government

should should should should

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thev start primary overweight or obese the time NHS (National Health are b-y the tirie they leave, new school, and more than a tnird Service) statistics reveal today'")

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

3. According to a law in Ancient Greece A. Greeks were al{owed to throw garbage in the street. B. people weren't allowed to throw garbage in the street. C. only civilized people were allowed to throw garbage in the street. D. only women were allowed to throw garbage in the street. 4. The more civilized a country is,

A. the better its means of transport are. B. the better its citizens live. C. the more garbage it produces. D. the more prosperous its economy is. 5. Prosperity in America means A. buying old stuff at low prices. B. winning the lottery. C. continually buying. D. piling up old stuff. 6. Throwing things away is not only a matter of filling up space, but also A. a demographic one. B. a cultural one. C. a religious one. D. an ecological one.

7. Big companies are comparable to some people, in the fact that they both were A. dishonest. B. thirty.

C. irresponsible. D. corruot.

8. Chemical companies poisoned the ground not only by dumping wasie in rivers, but also by A. fishing in vacant lots. B. depositing them at random. C. causing poisonous rain. D. throwing away building materials.

DOsr . {-'

't0. The solution in the last paragraph is A. realistic. B. fantastic. C. feasible. D. ironic.

10

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9. The New Yorkers throw awav A. mainly food. B. mainly wrappings. C. mainly farm products. D. only chemical products.

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Prepare Yourself for the BAC exam

DON'Ts:

.Don'tgotothebeginningofthetextforeachquestionyouhavetoanswer'Thisis awasteoftimesincethequestionscomeintheorderoftheinformationinthetext. .Don,t|eaveanyquestionsunanswered,lfyoudon'tknowtheanswer,takeaguess. .Don,tpanicifyoucannotdecidewhichansweristhecorrectone.Moveonand come back later' . Don't write two answers for the same question' the exam sheet! ' Don't forget to transfer your answers to TEST HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE READING

scanning-li:-'t::: . Read as widely as you can' trying to use skimming and magazlnes' newspapers' t"uOing part comb from different sources: selected for the blogs, websites anJ

of texts. The

with these types lt would be useful for you to be familiar are just a few Below "o"on. rlsources. internet offers us a wealth of

suggestions:

A1-A2

px/ m i s' htm http://fi ctio n ch a n n e l'tri p od' com/ i

http!/web2.uvcs.uvic.'ca/etc/studyzone/330/reading/index.htm http!/www. n ew se ngl i sh lessons' coml

B1.82 http: //www. htip: //www

com/p d re ad i ng' htm g n ew se n gli sh' co.m/ - b re a ki n Ii n

g u a ra m a'

hftpt/www.bO".iojuW*orld{ervice/tearningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/

.Afterthefirstreadingofatext,writedownthewordsandphrasesyoudon'tknow will help Revise them as often as you can. This and look ff,"* up inine oictionary. great only not possess readers you become a better and faster reader. Good vocabulary' ieaOing skills, they also have a rich

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28

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Prepare Vourself for the BAC exam

Nivelul de competenlS se va acorda in funclie de punctajul obfinut, dupi cum

urmeazd:

A1:

11- 30 puncte

*hsm rle

A2: 31- 60 puncte B1: 61- 80 puncte 82: 81-100 puncte

$trfiur@ s],,m 1...............r

lNrenaclrullea onnlA (Plnrrcrnnnee u coruvenselre) Calitatea interactiunii : . stabilegte un contact social adecvat situaliei folosind formule de adresare potrivite .

100 de puncte 60 de puncte

de

comunicare, 10 puncte

face fa{d dialogului, reaclionAnd prin rdspunsuri adecvate, solicitand ldmuriri, reformuland o parte din ceea ce a spus astfel, cd urmdregte firul discutiei

. oferd informatiile solicitate, exprimdndu-gi sentimentele/ justificdnd/ argumentAndu-gi punctul de vedere in legdturd cu subiectul

discutiei

. produce un discurs clar, coerent, subliniind relatiile intre idei prin folosirea conectorilor adecva{i Gorectitudine gramaticali: . folosegte corect forme gi structuri gramaticale . folosegte forme gistructurigramaticale variate

Vocabular:

subiectului

Pronunlie:

. are o pronuntie gi o intonalie corecte gi firegti . se exprimd fluent

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

2. SHORT DESCRIPTION/ SHORT NARRATION

Describe someone in Your familY' Help: . There are no predetermined answers so you can describe any member of your family. What is important is to state your point of view clearly and support it with arguments to convince your interlocutor; . Use words related to physical appearance and personality; . Use connectors to link your sentences and your ideas and make your point understood;

. Be polite and use a semi-formal register as your interlocutor is a teacher. So, avoid offensive words and expressions that may create a bad impression about you! . This is supposed to be a short answer yet a developed one, so try to organise your answer using details, but not too many.

b)

SueeesrED ANSwER al

I'd like to describe my baby brother. He is the newest member of my family. We didn't expect him to appear, but I am very happy to have him with us. He is only 6 months old, fair-haired with blue eyes, but my mother said their colour may change soon. He is extremely cute and silent for a baby, totally different from what mom said about me when I was his age.

b) Succesreo nrusweR b: Well, I think I'm going to talk about my mother. She is about forty years old, quite tall and looking young and athletic at the same time. She used to be a sportswoman and hasn't actually given up having some training every now and then. She is a very determined person who doesn't usually take no for an answer. That's why we argue almost every day and I have to admit that very often she is right. But not all the time. And this is what I like most about her: she knows to concede when she is wrong, so our relationship is always great.

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SucoesrED ANSwER cl

I have a big family with a lot of relatives, but the person l'd like to describe is my uncle. Actually, the youngest of my uncles. He is my mother's only brother, he is in his mid-twenties and he is extremely handsome: tall, black-haired, dark green eyes but with a fair complexion. Everybody looks at us when I go somewhere together with him. Of course he notices this, but doesn't seem to care very much. He says that you can always find people to admire your outer beauty, but not everybody sees inner beauty. I guess these things show how wise he can be, but I also wonder if he'd talk like that if he didn't look so great.

32

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

or an e-mair to setile the problem. Moreover, if you reaily miss someone very much and or monev t" i,.*"r to that

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GENERAL HELP:

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

Assessor: Will You try to helP them? student: of course I will; I only hope l'll be able to do it. I mean, there's going to be my college time, sessions of exams, but I guess l'll have time to babysit every now and then.

Tnsx 3 - succEs

Assessor:

thir

Student:

Assessor:Doyouthinkthatthisistheon|ywayyoucou|dhe|pthem?

Student:

Well, I don't know really. When my brother grows up a little more' l'll have things to taKe care of the way he behaves, plays with his peers and other l'll see question' But your by you meant like that. I suppose this is what playing with I enjoy now For comes. what I can do about it when the time so that him and being amazed by the way he is and l'll try to do my chores

Student:

Student:

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student:

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pretendingtobesomeoneyouaredefinite|ynot.So,assoonasI

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understand, I usuallY accePt it' Once you accept it, is it easy to change your ways? Not at all. lt's very difficult in fact, I rarely manage to do it' your answers show indeed a lot of honesty. Have you always been this way? me because I have I guess so. My mother says that she has always trusted remember very it. I don't about sure very not l'm never tried to lie to her. But children try to cheat a little, at least once'

sUGGESTEo ANSwER

c'

FoLLow uPl

How do you feel when walking together with your uncle? Student: Proud. lt's great to have him around' He can be very funnY too. Assessor: Would you like to resemble him? Student: Yes and no, at the same time' I would like to find the sense of confidence he has, but I'd like to be mYself too' Assessor: ls there anything that you don't like about him? Student: Well, I hav'en't found anything until now' But I guess he could like peopte more. He doesn't trust anYbodY' Assessor: Do you think this is a mistake? Student: Yes, I do. we can't live without trusting at least one person in our life' lf I were him' I would have more friends' Assessor: Don't you think that he has his reasons not to trust anybody? Student: He may have some, but he didn't tell me anything about it. And I guess l'd like him to trust me a little more, at least' Assessor: Have you ever felt his mistrust? student: Not exactly, I haven't really. But I know it's there. And it hurts' Assessor: Why don't you think you may be an exception? I heard him speaking nastily student: I nave never thought about it. Perhaps because about the others' opinions so often' But it's possible'

Assessor:

36

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Do you find it difficult to understand it or to accept it?

we||thewaylusedtobewhenIwasveryyoung.Becausemostofthe Tesx 2 -

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sheisrightveryoften,butIneedtounderstanditmyself.

Assessor:

Oh dJ

Assessor:

my mother can have more time to take care of him'

Tesx 2 - suGGEsrED ANSwER b'rollow up: Assessor: Do you think it's norma| to argue with your mother so often? you Student: well, perhaps it's not so normal, but our ideas are so different! l've told

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exan't

DOS & DON'Ts DOs:

. Use a draft by all means! You will be able to organise your ideas better and you will avoid mistakes.

. Pay attention to the given time limit, in order to be able to read all the information on your draft and have some minutes left to get into the necessary mood for the oral

^\

examination.

. Focus on the conversation! Taking part in a conversation is a MUST as you are to receive a separate grade for it. By focusing you will be prepared to anslver the questions no matter the moment when you are asked to. The questions can be

i

related to any of the tasks on your exam ticket.

. Remember that it's impossible not to find anything to say about a topic. The tasks on your exam ticket are related to everyday life, to your age and your normal concerns, problems and preoccupations. Not saying anything shows not only that you don't have the necessary language skills, but also indicates a lack of self-confidence, ignorance and smugness. . Try to stick to the point; if you cannot, think of the discussion clock.

lrr

q.)

DON'Ts:

. Don't use words whose pronunciation you are not sure of and avoid grammatical structures that are not clear to youl lt is better to have a simpler language than an inaccurate one. . Don't write your entire answer on the draft! You will waste a lot of time because the exam is an oral one and you will not be allowed to "read" instead of speaking. Moreover, you have to pay attention to the assessor's questions since they can be quite surprising at times, and if you rely solely on ihe draft you cannot focus on the actual conversation with the assessor. . Don't use colloquial language! This is an examination, not a conversation in the street. . Don't think of any failures that you may have had in the pastl Focus only on the oresent situation! . Don't compare yourself with your colleagues that have answered before you! We

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are all extremely different and we all have strong points and weaknesses. lt is

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important to show your strong points now!

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il :E la g i f ; ctlg ;':li3B+1;

wex€ CVg et4 n1 llestnoA atedaL4

6S

To introduce a conclusionl in conclusion, all in all, to con_ clude, to sum up, all things considered, taking everything rnto account

lFh'"*i-

To show

contrist

To list and add poir*s: firstly/ to start with/ to beqin with, secondty/ in additioi/ furthermore/ moreover, thirdly/ finailyllast but not

on the other hand, however, nonetheless, nevertheless, al_ though, even though, despite/ rn spite of.... but

r re-a-

for example/ instance, such as, in particular, therefore, because, since, as a result

\

ldry up, to p to put lout, rounc lover/

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I

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= to to make = lup Ito turnl switch

Ito

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Connectors

To introduce exiffiieV sons/ results:

Ito blurt out lsage) acro

To introduce or list advan-

tages:

the firsV main/ most important advantage of..., one/ another/ a add.itionaladvantage of ... one vtew argument in favour of

lwrong numbe lline, to geU pr lhang on, to cr lback, to hang

a messz

lleave

lffiylar's.

Ito nod/ shal ldrum your fi lyour should, leyebrows. tr Ito wink, to ti lshake handr lwrinkle nosr out.

lTo introduce or tist disa6 vantages: the firsV maini most important disadvantage/ drawback of ... one/ anotheri an additional disadvantagei shortcoming of .. ., one view/ argument against

Itongue

Joded oi uad ]nd o] 'alqqrros o] 'uMop ]of o] 'uMop ]as ol :6ullU/'A

lo s^e6

louqs ol 'lla^ ol

'tueaj3s o] 'slqtuer

o1 'drsso6 o1

'ieLlc o] 'JauJruels o] 'alqunur o] oi 'ra]lnu oi 'redsrqm o1

'rnLurnLu

:6u11eeds 1o s{ery1 uMoJ] ol '1no an6uol :noi{ 1cr1s o} 'asou alluriM o1 'ol trurod ol 'spueq aleqs ol ']eaj Lno{ del o} '}lutm o} 'isrl :no{ Llcuolc o1 'snnorqe{e

Ile] lsnl /lle oq ol'lle] e a^eq o1 'a6enO -uel s,auoauos /osuasuou /asuos Tspods 7scr1r1od Ilel o]

'surJo] 6urleads uo lou 'soun -lol /puruJ :noA Tauoeu.ios 1o (11r) {1peq lItq6tq '6urqlauos Jo rnone] ur 4surebe leads o1 4lel peeds

:no{ esrer ol 'sraplnolls rno{ 6nrqs o1 'sre6url rnoA unlp a>1eqs /pou o} :a6enbueg {pog

o] 'pe3q:no,{

Jo

1

ttctt 1ilp +v v

asuaia#lp aq] 7{.ro1s e /arl e /qlnr} eql 76utq1 -auros ouoauos lle] ol '6ut -{es lnoqlrm o6 oi '{es ot 6uttl}

a6essau e oneal /ale] ot 'dn 6ueq ol 'Iceq llm o] 'JJo 1nc o1 'uo 6ueq o1 'q6no:q1 1nd 440 o] 'autl aLl] plor.l ol'Jaqrunu 6uo:m all] lelp o] '#o t-lsllMs /urn] ol '11ec auoqd e aleul o] - dn - dn 6ut.t o1 - auoqd o1 :sase;qd auoqde;41

uoBes!unruuroS

a6uerls /prdnls /olqUroq e /proM aq] 7a,iqpoo6 7o11aq /ouoor.uos o1 6utqleuos Aes o1

lleo ol

:11a17{es

a1qt0e11t

']unlq'lue^

-a;ar 'enOen ':ea1c 'snonOlqtue

punor /ra^o

uolle3lunululoc

>lle] o] 'ra^o /ssolce 1nd o1 '1no leeds o1 'uo ssed o1 'dn {:p o] ']no ouroc o] 'sso.rce (a6es

uo]]rJM'leqJo^'leqJo^-uou '

;euos:ad:a1u r'ace;-o]-eceJ

'Ienn-om1 '.rood 'poob 'anrlca#a :sanrlcefpy

-saLu aq1) 1eO o1 '1no

!nlq

o]

:sqJaA leserqd

polsod euoeuos deel o1 'a6esseu aqi la6 oi'1urod aq] oi te6 ol'aur pue no{ ueamloq lsnf 'aurnederO eq1 uo lr reoq o1 ',tpoqatuos Joj pjo^ pooO e urlnd o1 'tlsnq aql punore leaq o] '1seqc rno{ go ]r tab ol 'lleM louq e ol Ilel o]

ldioms: behind the times, like chalk and cheese, as cool as a cucumber, doubting Thomas, down to earth, eager beaver, as fresh as a daisy, heart of gold, laughing stock, a larne duck, proud as a peacock, rough diamond, as lrard as nails

Persnnality - negative traits:

General appearance:

annoying, arrogant, callous, cowardly, deceitful, defianl, greedy, grumpy, gullible, ignorant, lazy. mean, narve, nasty, ruthless, secretive, selfish, self-centered, smug, snobbish, tick-skinned, tiresome, vengeful, weak, wicked

cute, good-looking, handsome, attractive, gorgeous, charming, bewitching, radiant, ravishing

Ito fit in. tc I lwith. to ;;:

Itnnothor- '^

Itell off. ic c up tc' llook It +^ r^ -^t, luou^

luo Age:

amusing, ambitious, brave, bright, cheerful, confident. deterrnined, diligent. energetic. fair, faithful, frank, gentle, industrious, jolly, loyal, kindhearted, proud, wise, self-assured, shrewd, thottghtful, trustworthy, witty

newborn, baby, toddler, teenager, young adult, elderly, middle-aged, senior citizen in his/ her early/ mid/ late thirties in his teens to be/ come of age, under age to bel turn/ reach 23146/ Bg

Describing people

Eyelashes: arched, thin,

Height: shorl, of medium

thick, bushy Nose: snub, pointed, hooked, straight, curved, crooked Mouth: wide, small, tiny, full/ thin lips, crooked teeth Chin: pointed, square, dimpled, double

height, tall Build: well-built, slim, skinny, chubby, plump, ovenveight, obese, broad-shouldered, muscular Hair: straight, curly, wavy, cropped, loose, in a tail, in a bun, (to go) baid

Face: oval, round, square, long, heart-shaped, lined, wrinkled

Complexion: pale, tanned, fair-skinned, dark-skinned Cheeks: rosy, chubby, high cheek-bones Eyes: hazel, biddy, sparkling, almond-shaped, piercing, wa-

*

It^ .^r lnt, ra

unattractive, plain, ugly

Personality - positive traits:

tan/

tFhras"l

LU. rJ

for

l]/erbs&ohr* I

lln F.nnrl uvr ru, tn lv nn LU l(v

lnave an argur Ito contradict lforo ln men^

t'"""""'"'to neg: Inorse,

-' lhlp t"'",'- in frr rqi to sc lcomfort, I

lFamilv - k t' lhlank ch,- ' t"'"""""'"' lflesh anc : broc lfamily, |,^,^+^' +^ h' lvvdLUI, tv L I L^^^^ t uduul I, +^ LU ' I

lchip off tre I I I

w

irooplaq ,{lrule1aq1 ut oq ol laue

alel

o1

,r{1lr_uej

aq11o ped aq o1 ,6ur6uuqdn

'ostel o] 'dn 6ullq o1 de6 uorl -e:eua6 'ppqc iiluo ue ,asnodi 'sbur;qrs {puel 1ru1-eso1c eotcnu

-

7e6:e1 76rq /papualxa

7.l

:{1lueg paau ut puoll1 e ,sece;d ^ ul spuou} rlolr.{ s^eq ol 'puauJ JoqleaM-Jtej'satppnq ujosoq

Ioolq plo aql go drqr e 'lsau eq] a^eai 72i11 o1 ,uoceq or_l) orroq 6uuq o1 ,:e1e,u ueq] ral3tLl] st poolq ,I11Lue1

spuatJ1 {e1s o1 Tureu

-aJ o] /auo3aq o] /a)ieLU o] puau; 6uo1e1r1 7p1o Tlercads Tonrl Tpoo6 /]saq 7.rBop /asotc

aq] ut unJ o] 'poolq pue qseI {Lu '{1rr"ue; eq1lo diqs 1celq :sruotpl - {1lure3

spua!rJ

drqspusu; e {e:1aq o} AcaJM 7ltods o1 7{o_rlsap o} /}uarrr o1

-e3 o] /dn

_

o)tjls oi /oleuj o]

sdrqsuorlelaU

dtqspuatJ]

6ur1se1-6uo1 76uo1a;r1

ploss ol ,uojujos ol 'ut qltei a^eq 01 ,]snjl o] 'alq -LUesoJ oi 'a1er1o6au o] astou s,auo alod o] 'alppau ol 'aloJ -ialut o] 'r_lsel3 ol 'lctpejlu03 oi 'la:Jenb

Tdaaf

/oleu.ltlut lssolc /lnJtlneoq :dlqspuau3

/ulossolq

of iueuln6.:e ue aneu

o1 'esrLuo:du.ro3

ol ,puoq ol

:saselqdXsq.ra4

Iorls o] 'o1 dn puels ol .ol

sdrqsuorle;ar

f |,i I t

ir

|,u

,xuur

eoe:an'; -rrq1 aler UAZllra ..

i

[-

13eq

>1ool o] 'ol dn a^ll o1 ,oi dn 1oo1 o1 'Ouoie 7uo 1a0 o1 ,go lpej ,.laq1a6o1

d;qsuo1;e1e.r

I

| '''"'o | 'snc l-n

6uuq o1 'teq1a6o11a6 o1,qir,rn

lno llej ol 'rotje aIEt ot ,ul lij o] 'reno 1eD

| lL

l-; I

|

|I ,r,,^^,^

lrrlrePlu

L_

;o; dn

Japunou

/uas.ro^ 76uo.rm o6 Tuadaap Tiseg

ol 'uaa^^loq auo3 ol

pllqclua:ed lsleL.l-onol 76ur:ec 76ul1se1-6ur,ll /asol3

7ft-u:ois /llnciJ]!p 76uo"r1s 7poo6

ol

L

o1 'uo {;a"r /}unoo ol :sqJan lcseJqd

sru:a1 poo6 uo aq o] ,JoJ lods ilos e a^eq o] ']aq3lel.l eq1 F:nq o1 ,aIa o1 ela aes pue Il] q6no.rq1 ,pod e

'ulr..l]

,altJ

ur sgad on l oltl uo esnoll P o).ltl uo 1a0 o1 ,qlnoLu:noi{ ur uoods lonlts e qll,rn utoq aq oj

:sulolpl

Technology-related

id

iomsl

to hit the airwaves, to oe on

the same wavelength, to get your wires crossed, light years anead, rocket science

Television;

Nouns:

to broadcasV screen sth, to receive extensive television coverage, to tune in, to turn on/ off, to turn up, to zap, to flick through, to switch/ turn to, audience, viewers, newsreader, forecaster

breakthrough, innovation, devetopment, invention, discov_ ery finding, research, a big step foruvard, leap, improvement, technophobe, technophile

rc;;r*;

do up .- 11 Ito lI +^ +^1.^ lT tu td^e

L^g

Ithing on. ic : ldown. to z : lpullon, tc s lwrap

sonreisome.-

lwrap Computers:

Adjectives + technology: current, present-day, the latest, modern, advanced. low. complex, state-ofthe art, sophisticated technology

to switch on/ off, to log on/ off, to hold/ to store sth on computer,

to crash, to be down/ uo to be addicted, compuier addict to go on/ to surf the Internet. to browse the web, spam, to

Technology

hack into, to google domething

Machine/ appliance/ devicel gadget to break down, to be out of order, to fix = to iron out, to be as good as new, to work properly, io plug in, to unplug

lEtytei--develop/ tc '

Ito lstvle, to add :: la ioucrr of st:,...:: lchic, stylish lable, old-fas" : ldressed, bac .,lsporty,

scruf;'

r

lelted

Verbs: to create, to devise, to design, to develop, to conceive, to invent, to launch, to improve, to Innovate, to rely/ depend on technology allows/ enables

lcl.ciil':E sr lelegan?

a

lordinaryr ce:

traooed big"gy/ I

toc

lround/ V

s:

ic:

I short-slee,

I

e:

loff-the-peg icustom-n1ar: Collocations: to do/ carry out an experimenV research, to make a breakthrough, advances in science/ technology, a tech-sawy person, to have a technical mind

44

9?

(edeqs '.rnoloc) ]tns oi ,(ezrs) 1J

ol 'q]lm o6 o1 'qcleuL

o1

,1o

]no /olut eOueqc ol 'posso;p 'sselp o] ,;esm oj

leb

o1

:sqJan

'rollos-puol] 'puajl

-

saLllols apei!-uJolsns

{pue.r1 B

'arnseeu-ol-opeul,6ed-aq1-31o -ssalo^o3ls' po^aals-uoqs ^ 76uo1 7 lcau-(o1od) 4 Tpunor 6ur11r1-aso;c 4qOrr Tasooi ixooeq pe66el 7{qqeqs /}ua3ap 7,,{:eurpro

los ol

puaJl ul|lctA /snotss].jOC l0utL

-eOeu TleuOlsep nooqs /plJoM /osnoq Trtlsnpur 7{ueduoc /laqel /^ or]s /lepou uolqsel

/lensec gcuel /Ueus 4ue6e1a :sanllcefpy - saqlolO

r

|

".,^,, I ;;

I

|

ol'a^orl -ut

ol'o

'

-llo^'peuotLlsBJ-plo,olqe

uotqsPJ

uo!

o1{s anr6 ot /ppe

o1

,e1I1s

e ldope ol /pulJ ol Tdolanep

o1

:a1fi9

I

| I

I

de:an de:nn

I ***

ol ';o a>1e1 o1 $

'i

-os 'ue ^*,, eq

| 'Mol 'pacu | -l"t eqf i I :f6olout

I

I

uorLtseJ qlnox

r"

pells -^oqsrp 'Iddols '{;;n:cs ,{pods pessa:p-Ippeq, psssaJp

uotrlseJ qynn eced eql deal ol dn dae>1 o] /Mollo1 ol /r.tl!M uotqsel e uels /las ol

-uotr.{seJ'}!-q}lM'qsllii1s .crqc a1I1s;o qrno] e

-Llse, ut lceq oq ol /olut Iseq auoo ol /Jo lno oO oi 4o 1no llej o] lolut otuoc o] /ur aq oi :sqJan t

t

I

dn Outqlar,uos o] 'puno:e Durqgauos

I

o1 'uo {.r1ol 'o}ul drls o1 ,uo lynd ,umop o1 'drzun oi $ dn drz o1 ssorp o] 'dn ssaJp o1 ,uo 6ulq1 -auros o^eq

'laaJls'Ourssed,Dur6ueqc I au 'lsolel ,lue.r-rncI

'ulapout

-^oosrp

I

uo 1nd o] 'opun ot dn op ol * :sqloA lBseJqd

:senrlcalpyl

_ae uoq

L

s,daeqs ur Jro/v\'."n""iJl-ul?3 dn plo.r ol 'saoLls s,ouoatrtos lno{ ur slue onell ot ur 'slued

seno;0

pl)-q]lM suosulos elpueq ol

'ano16 e olll ]lj ol :sautu aq] oi passorp 'lltI ol possa:p lcrlqnd ut uoutl dprp s,auo Llsem o]

:suro!pt

Phrases: to be/ go/ live green, green issues/ politrcs/ Products/ homes, eco-friendlY, eco'sensitive managemenv tourism/ Products' an eco-disaster, eco-warrior

Phrasal verbs: to cut down, to choP down, to die out, to drY uP, to throw away, to use uP, to wiPe out

conservationl Protection of the environment, damage to the environmeni, harmful to the environment, to Preserve/ to ProtecV to safeguard/ to damage/ to harm/ to Pollute the environ-

lFh-*iu"'G get into a g-

ment

lread

Ito lsail througi' e' lhind, to ca:;Ito hand out. Ito brush uP ci" uR

(on

a

I

Jnvirsnmental issues/ cam-

Environment Protection to recycle waste, recYcling

:

paigners crusader/ awareness/ catastroPhe/ disaster/ group/ committee

bank/ scheme, not to dumP throw rubbish/ garbagel litter, biodegradable Products, to use renewable sources of energy, water/ windl solar energy, to reduce the carbon footprint

Environment

Climate change: changing weather Patterns, temperatures soar, sea levels rise, the ice caPs melt, to get hotter, intense heat, drought' widespread flooding, landslrdes, extreme weather, tornadoes

environmentallY friendlY/ harmfull sound/ disastrous/ aware environmentalist

'

'

sb/ to assign t-'; to grade/ mari : work to check the progress

airl soil/ waterl chemical/ tn-

F;h.a;ctr

to cause/ to avoid/ to Prevent/ to combati to control/ to fight/ to tackle/ to cut/ to limit/ to minimize/ to reduce Pollution

l$chool lclassroori r

dustrial/ nuclear/ noise/ oil/ pollution

Environmental issues: destruction of the ozone layer' acid rain, dumPing hazardous waste, greenhouse gas emissions * greenhouse effect, exhaust fumes, deforestation, intense use of Pesticides, destruction of natural habitats endangered sPecies

46

Classroom acrt to calli take the to hand in a Pa: to do/ to geli ic

lform teacher ce: lPrinciPat caretat= lian, buiit fie

loiavino

:

sassels L.l3]rp ol /]n3 ol /oIel o] /ol 06 o] /puoile o1 opel6 e a^ra3el ol noo o] seperS rood /Mol lrl6rq /pooA /]uollocxe urexa ue ur iPsLlJ o] op ol

Aun|J ol lllel oi lur

^lpeq

urexa ue q6no"tq1 edercs

qel '^rerqrl

/ssed oi /ur lla^/\ op o] ulexa ue e1e1(a.r) oi 4rs(e:) o] /op o] ulexa ue :o; dpnls ol pol ssr^or ol lro] aJedatd ol

7fu

euuud

7fu

'r.-u^0

'plsg

0uti(e1d

'urooj Jjels 'lleLl 'ul0orssBlc

:6utplrnq loot{3g rolelarPs 'uel

uexo

-Jerqrl 'pesq Alndop 'ledtcut-td /Jalseurpe0q'raqseal ulJ0i

;ecrlcerd /uogu^ /lero plcoul /teutJ

:$els looq3s

(.reaA)ure1 Jo pua /aouerlua

sso.t0oid

:eaA Tulrai

,sluapnls oql l3aqc o]

pa^eal /urnlnsurns looq3s looqcs;o 1no do.tp o] /ulo:j luen:l ,4eld o1 7dl1s ol /tlstu!J

IJOM

,sluapnls aL{l )ireul 7eper0 o1 Iro^ au:oq u6rsse o1 7qs

uollwnp3

oi ruels o17o1ob 0l /puo]]e ol ;ooqcs 6ul -preoq 7(crlqnd) alent:d 7e1e1s TArepuclces

enrO

o1/a^el{ o} pob o1 7op o1 raded e ut puel1 o} ll0r sq] sxel illes 0l

aslnu

:f,11nr1ee

/alpplui Tqbtq 7{;eluaLuala

tuooJsselC

l

lut I I

lnu I

rlu

I I I I I

L [I

|

,.n

I I

|

1,"r,

-e. | -uLec

| r I

uorlelnpa lno{

I

qsluttr

o1 /olelduro3 ol /onuriuoc ol uorlesnpo ue qLUs enr6 o1 /anroca; ol le^eq ol uol]

o1 'dn

I I I

(1noqe 7uo) dn peeL o1 'uo dn qsnJq o]

lcrd

| -,

'lno pueq ol

lio I -V

'reno o0 o] 'dn qclec ol 'pult-.1 -aq llel ol 'sLuexo qOnotql ltes o] 'loor'l3s poo6 e olur ]eD o]

-p3npo i{"ros1 ndu.roc'ssel3lsJl} 'raqpnJ'leuorleoo^ :aq6tq'fue -puooos'fueur:d';ooqcs-erd

I

| '"

t^

:sqJo^ lBsEJqd

lot

lad s,raq3eal 'uossal e auoorxos qceo] o1 'ape.iO aLl]

aleur oi'Ueell

{q u:ee1 ol'sjnoloo 6ur{g qlrnn ssed ol 's)looq aq] ]rrl o] 'Iooq e ur osou s,auo o^ell ol'luelq e

^

ejp oi'Iooq e lcBJc oi :sr.uorpl

6V 0r,11,^ 4

r

i

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pue lo,ruoc Jo rno^e, ur

ff

(

o, q J, "rotl,?5i::i ffi':,:?,"##: i,',L * ;ffil'j] l Lr LX ffi :'i: i:l:r'^ ilil,Xi:J J"".J g,l"t * ffi #t}L]i'j,Sil;:3$[."j'...,1,1;ollqM ,", '}eue|d eq "q r"

r

"i areq,rn {eql i"'i. ueq; s:noqqbl",

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qo q^"qr

lnoqr iaurocuo3 orour oJe ,spoo6 "^?,9:f11or1 ;.rodar e oi 6urp.rocce xrpr"irllrl"lieuruor^uo

Ournes

sjroc

orrrql."qitffi::#ilri::lrHH

{es

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;, u s a o

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{es 1,usao6

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uo*e,e;dde,,,'no

;:?ffiffif.?li# ./v\oraq

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oq^ .1.rno!Jo spuesnoql

6uo_r44

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1'= !'*'.'o o3 nqcd.ffi[:j, ,

.g

Jo yelrdec eqi ur palrqrqxo oq

Jo sporpunq

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a

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

The habit has been studied by Vladas Griskevicius, of the University of Minnesota, who found ecofriendly shopping decisions are not always motivated by a social concern. He

as a prime example. Celebrities including Leonardo Di Caprio photographed behind the wheel of a Prius, despite being been have Diaz and Cameron power{ul and expensive car, sending the message that they are a more to afford well able picks out the Toybta Prius

clr

concerned for the environment. 'When you publicly display your environmentally friendly nature, you send the signal that you care,'said the report. The study also showed that people were often more willing to buy green products when they were the most expensive (The Daily Telegraph) option, because it showed they could afford to be caring. 1. Shoppers want to buy only environmentally friendly products' C' Doesn't saY B. A.

Right

Wrong

2. Consumers go green in order to keep up with their neighbours. C. Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right 3. Online shopping offers people a wider range of products to choose from. C' Doesn't saY B' Wrong A. Right 4. Celebrities are not interested in the environment' C. Doesn't say B. Wrong A. Right 5. People show their concern for the environment in public' C' Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right 3. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1'5 'Right' (A)

or'Wrong' (B)? lf there is

say' not enough information to answer'Right' (A) or'Wrong' (B), choose'Doesn't (C). Write your answers on your exam sheet'

or hybrid A growing number of drivers facing rising fuel prices are opting for electric cars noise at no rJO"t., which switcfr from petrol to electric and back. But they make almost them' notice to all, making it hard for passers-by, particularly those with visual impairments,

Safety experts and charities called for silent vehicles to emit noises, with some manufacturers suggesting motorists could choose from a range of sounds, from superhas cars to the podracers from Star Wars. The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association

warned electric vehicles, and hybrid vehicles that operaie on electric power at low speed' are ,,virtually silent". As a result there are "serious implications for the independent mobility and safety of blind and partially sighted people"' publication that Norman Baker, the Lib Dem transport minister, said ahead of the report's in a way that vehicles the Government remains "committed to the introduction of electric users". road will complement long-standing efforts to protect vulnerable to make He added: "Concerns about quiet vehicles are understandable, and we need All drivers pedestrians' to threat pose additional any not sure that electric vehicles do road users." for other consideration with and safely have a responsibility to drive (www.indePendent.co.uk) 1. Drivers choose electric cars or hybrid models because they are more economical' C. Doesn't say B. Wrong A. Right noises' 2. Electric vehicles sometimes make terrible C. Doesn't say B. Wrong A. Right 3. Motorists can only choose from a small range of sounds' C' Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right

50

4. The transPl

A. Right 5. Electric car A. Right

4. Read the tt

not enough i (C). Write Yot

Christmas is i weeks before by lighting a c not very relig

begin long re signs that

Cl

The first plac People in Bt,: every year, a

Christmas

de

worKers wea' London crea: colourful ligi'l

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Christmas ca

wrapplng pa

Christmas c I for everyor.e 1. The two ,t

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Pe :

A. Rig:i 4. Shops

oii

A. Rigr:

5. People D" A. Rigt-i 5. Read the

not enough (C). Write Y People nee:

we've becor Qiliin^,y s, 2rnve ' v,rr"

the store ar Physical Ira

1,9

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Prenare vourself for the BAC exam

Add up your activities during the day in periods of at least 10 minutes each' Start slowly'.. and buiid up. lf you're already doing some light activities move up to more moderate ones. A litile is good, but more is better if you want to achieve health benefits. or Scientists say to accumulate 60 minutes of physical activity every day to stay healthy progress moderate you to improve youi health. Time needed depends on effort as u"iiuities,-you can cut down to thirty minutes, four days a week. Physical activity doesn't physical have to oe very hard to improve your health. This goal can be reached by building

activities into your daily routine. Just add up in periods of at least ten minutes each you will notice a difference throughout the day. Afteithree months of regular physical activity, -

p"oil"

often say getting started is the hardest

part.

(www.phac-aspc'gc.ca)

1. Peoole must have an active lifestyle in orderto be healthy' C. Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right 2. Smoking is less dangerous than physical inactivity' C' Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right good shape. 3. You don,t need more than sixty minuies a day to be in a C. Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right physical activity into your timetable' 4. You can improve your health by integrating saY Doesn't C' B. Wrong A. Right 5. You can lose 5 kilos in 3 months. B. Wrong A. Right

C. Doesn't say

is 6. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1-5 'Right' (A) or'Wrong' (B)? lf there say' (B), choose'Doesn't (A) or'Wrong' not enough information to answer'Right' (C). Write your answers on your exam sheet' The Glastonbury Festival, held atWorthy Farm in Pilton, Somerset, is Britain's mostfamous greater than music festival. Despite over 100,000 tickets going on sale, the demand is far 300,000 over |n2007, requests. lot of a are there go sale, on they the supply, and as soon as

photo people applied for tickets, despite increasingly rigorous security measures that involve are workers of the most that extent an popular such to provided. lt is iD needing to be how But entrance. for free in return bar staff or be stewards to people happy are volunteers get so big? did a humble arts get-together held in a back-country farm ever

It all started in 1970 when Michael Eavis, influenced by the growing hippy movement' the decided to host his own gathering. The site is still a working dairy farm for most of is often as the event year, despite the festivai neing a huge money-spinner. Glasto, [,no*n, started off small, with only 1,500 people attending its first edition, but things really

3. Most of the worke"s A. Right

,

4. Glastonbury becai € A. Right 5. The locals

disaPl':

-

A. Right 7. Read the text belou

not enough informatir (C). Write Your answe

:

For John ShePherci : for the Past 30 Years ' To do the Knowleoi:l r

London cab drivers ra Waterloo Bridge on :"l left school at 15 a', cabbie once said to r''' this job, bY the end c' onetime home of C'-a'

-,

"l did the Knowledge you had what was :a get a maP, and Yot .": Then you would gc : all the little alleYs an: : use most of them r c ,',

1. John ShePherc -es

A. Right 2. The Knowledge s A. Right 3. John was born r A. Right 4. He didn't droP o-l A. Right

e

5. The Blue Book

cc:

A. Right

started to take off in the 1990s. During this decade, with the rise first of grunge and then of Britpop, there was huge enthuiiasm for the idea of spending a weekend at a festival, listening to favourite bands had and camping out in the open. Glasto, while still retaining its alternative lifestyle roots, from suite101 (Adapted 'com) imagined. ever have could become bigger than anyone 1. Glastonbury is a talent competition for young musician' C' Doesn't saY B. A.

Right

Wrong

2. Security measures are taken to prevent terrorism' C. Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right

52

8. Read the text belc

not enough informa (C). Write Your ans$ My job involves wo-< involved in volunteer

I first began voluntee hour on a Mondal' -

volunteered at a sct( much out of voluntee

t9 pue 'ur 1nd I se 6utlaalunlo^ Jo ]no Llcnul .peluauaq leLll ueujjsc ALu sem ]t ases slLll ul paraalunlo^ .f l"'o t lr,.li punol s,ieile o^eq I 'qsr16u3 6u1qcea1 'Iueurac ur lootlss e ]e s|L]} pa|llec 1 '6utu.toLu Aepuoyl e uo Jnoi] 1,"q^ lea,{'de6,tr,u o}.q6no.rq1 acuatledxa 6ut:aa1unlon ue6eq 1s'tt1 ue ]leq JoJ spll labuno{ oq} q}Uv\ peal plnol I uoqM looqcs 1e .i|lo}a|!U|}butleu;oAerures,(erur1eS.eleu}puesleeAlolOuueelunloAutpa^lo^ul pue slnoq 6uo1 6ur1:orvt so^lo^ul qolIy\ uooq o^eql 1ng 'uo Ou,o61o1 e sAennle sl aleql 'laaqs uexe lno{ uo sla/nsue 'rnof e1r'rry1 '(9) (V) ,lt{6!U, Jalnsue ol uolleuJolul qbnoua 1ou ,{es 1,useog, asooqo '(g) ,6uo.rp1, lo arv'/t^oloq lxol oql peou '8 s! aroql ll a(s) ,6uo.t1y1,'io (V) ,lqbtg, /'L sacuoluas aLll 1

lq6tu'v Ouolnn'g {es 1,usao6 '3 'uopuol ul solnoJ aq] lle pouleluo3 )ioo€ onl€ oql'9 6uorp1 'g lq6ru'v Aes 1,useo6 '3 '9; dorp l,uplp oH 't 1o ebe allt le looqos 1o 1no lq6lu 'V 6uor11 'g Aes 1,useo6 '3 'o6e steal uopuo-l ul uJoq sem uqof '€ 00 }q6lu 'V 6uor1n 'g {es 1,useo6 '3 'sianllp qec loj 1sa1 fuoslndruoc e sl a6pelnnouy eql 'Z 6uo.rPi 'g ]qolu 'V Aes 1,usao6 '3 'slea{ 0t lol ranllp qec e uaaq seil plaqdoqS uqof 'l (crqderooeg

leuotleS)

,,'Jlo LUaLll butsolc

er,{eq1 '^ ou ulaLl} lo }sou osn

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paqseg urldeq3 alpeq3

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sr

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'uroq se^ oLl elaq^^ 'uopuol Jo qlnos oLll ul ueqlced o1 Aeri'r lno uo eopttg oollaieM ,e.u""i1 r1aq1 1e6 uec {aq1 aJo}eq ole} o} oAeq s]a^lrp qec uopuol reno ldenns aA se aaJq] ol dn 6ur>1ei sl Mou a6palnnouy aLll op ol ieql urexo eq1 6ur11ece, 'pie. eq ,,'sreeA lol o, s1 se6ueqc [ep urepouu eq] lle qUM eced ourdaal 'steeA 0t ]sed ol{lJol "-.ri."l 11"r. e 'ploqdallS uqof .l""rl.'.,uopuo-1 qbno.rql {ern s1q 6urpealql uaoq seq oLlM olqqec 'laalls uexe;noi{ uo sJal sue 'rno/( a1r'rp1 '(3) (V),lqblu' ro/nsue ol uolletuJo;u; qbnoua lou ,{es 1,usoog, osooqc '(g),6uolp1, Jo peog 'l' (V) ,lq6!U, Z-[ socuoluos stll orv'tv\oloq txa] aql

aq1 to1

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gastnol atedat4

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

It was at Nottingham University that I began volunteering as a switchboard operator for the charity childLine. As the first personi child speaks io *rlun they,re calling for help, I had to persuade them to tell me their name, gaining their trust before introducing them to a counseilor. The skiils I deveroped acrossail my voruntary experiences, .r"n u. u persuasive terephone manner, have been usefur in ir,".10u t,m ooing now. The Home office, rike many other emproyers, has an emproyee vorunteering scheme. As 2005 is the year of the Vorunteer, a team of us from work recenfly herped out at a homelessness shelter. we served food and helped up, *r'i'" tn" volunteers who helped at the shelter kept us all laughing. Through "t""n s"rui"" Volunteers community (csv), our office has since spent a whole day -leaning-up, rebuirdini an-i painting an adventure prayground. Everyone had a great time. (www.worrdvorunteerweb.org)

1. The writer has an active social life. A. B.

Right

Wrong C. Doesn,t say 2. She has been a volunteer since she was a student. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn,t say 3. She taught French at a school in Germanv. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn,t say 4' The abilities she acquired during her vorunteer work herp her in ner career, A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn,t say 5. In 2005 she did volunteer work in a hometess shelter. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say 9. Read the text berow. Are the sentences 1-7 ,Right' (A) or ,wrong, (B)? rf there is not enough

information to answer'Right,(A) or,ivrongl fe;,-"r,oo"" ,Doesn,t say,

(C). Write your answers on your exam sheet.

r-or a successful staycation, do everything in advance that you would do for an away vacation-by that I mean, have your crotheJcrean and just

ready, as if you were packing to go away; tell extended family and friends that you will be "^iiy' ano y,erefore unavailable for problem-solving; and do any chores that need doing ahead ottir", like mowing the lawn.

Additionally, if money is tight, prepare some mears ahead of time, or buy frozen mears at the store, so you have the fixings for a great breakfast, lunch, ano dinner, without you or your spouse having to stress out over cooking. I speak from experrence that cooking and cleaning up while on "vacation" is not high on my list or preterreo activities. lf you like to grill or cook out, stock up on what you need to do that for a few days. No grocery

shopping except for emergency provisions, and don't forget to have some snacks around' A special treat or two can help make things feel speJiaL. Ano uru disposables if your family is large and cleanup would take considerable time. A staycation, and when

I'm traveling by car, are the two times I use disposable dishes and flatware without guilt! To make your staycation,a true getaway, do

things you don,t usuaily do with your normal leisure time that you enjoy. Never go io rus"rms, but rike them? Go and spend the money for admission fees cheerfully. Throw in a meal out at a funky place you never otherwise visit, to extend the preasures of the day. your rs idea of h"uu"n a day at the movies, or a night at the theater? pran ahead-buy tict
54

1. A staycal I

A. Righ: 2. You

shc: :

A. Rign: 3. Cooking

is

A. Righr 4. Planning n A. Righl

r

5. The secre:

A. Righl 10. Read the

is not enoug say'(C). Vyrrrtr

It's a lazy Sa:_ go on a treas, known as le:,e

Letterboxing With thousa

;

r-

:

matter where . The premise letterbox in aa small noteb: in such a rva, : available to c::

As a letterb:,. carry along ,,, :, represents a s_, letterbox tc -: notebook in e: found it for ihe 1. Letterboxir,:

A. Righl 2. You can fir: A. Right 3. A letterbox A. Right

::

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or'Wrong'(B)? lf there 11. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1-7'Right'(A) is not enough information to answer 'Right' (A) or 'wrong' (B), choose 'Doesn't say'(C). Write your answers on your exam sheet' for many urban All major American cities offer some form of public transportation, but it is ten just Whether enough' not dwellers, the limited transportation infrastructure is or furniture transporiing of block walks in the snow to the bus stop or the difficulty

where there groceries home from the store, there have traditionally been very few cities has many in transportation trend L no practical advantage to having a car. But a new and Zipcar, like services sharing citizens rejecting urtoriobil" owneiship in favor of car supplementing public transportation with bicycles' pay a $50 annual Founded in 2000, Zipcar now boasts 180,000 members who United States' For the across cities 50 than more membership fee for access to cars in parking spots around the designated $11 an hour, members can pick uptheircarsfrom since gas is included' insurance and need-gas city and keep them for as long as they as many fuel efficient vehicles included in the price, zipcar h-as a major incentive to use and other high gas mileage hybrids from comtng as possible, witn trre majority of rentals to either sell their cars choose customers their percent of vehicles. Zipcar says that 4b (www'ethicalshopping'com) or forgo purchasing a new car'

1. lt's difficult lc A. Right 2. You can ren: A. Right

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or'Wrong',(B)? lf there 12. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1'7 'Right'(A) 'Doesn't is not enough information to answer'Right'(A) or'wrong'(B), choose say'(G). Write your answers on your exam sheet' easy - even more so if you Living in Tokyo, the world's largest metropolitan area, isn't pet ownership by tenants in the city's have a pet. Landlords are increasingly restricting find one that does allow pets' the you can if high-demand rental apartments. Even

holl ?n

The solution? Rent a cat at one case of Calico - one of 19 "staff' (about $8),you can get yo;rnx of feline fellowship from in the Calico has been a roaring' er' meowing kitties. Located in the Xifni;o1i district of western Tot
on tea and lounge about, catlike, Once inside, Calico,s customers can enjoy drinks, sip with cute cats, are also available on comfy chairs and cushions. The latter, embroidered experience home with them' calico for sale so that caf6 clients can take a little of the goodies are also on sale other of calico is a business first and foremost so a variety jewelry' including sweets, cat stickers, even

56

gives Pet-lovers

There are Ple:: small farmers a' and Pesticide-{'

1. ln the US, all major cities have an underground railway system C' Doesn't saY B. Wrong A. Right

pet ownership prohibitive' sh-ockingly small size of Japanese apartments makes just 800 yen of the city's popular new cat cafes! For

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14. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1-7 ,Right'(A) or,wrong,(B)? lf there is not enough information to answer'Right'(A) oi ,wiong'(B), choose ,Doesn,t say'(C). Write your answers on your exam sheet It's not often that trash gets a massive amount of positive attention, but a relatively new re-use group, called Freecycle, has gained the admiration of people inside and ort"io" the waste industry' The Tucson, Ariz.-based group aims to keep it,ems out of landfills by offering a forum through which people can get rid of their unwanted items for free.

sometimes more than one per where members can post e-mails offering their unwanted items, and other

The group works through locally based e-mail lists metro area

- respond to offers. Members are free to memoers can choose which respondent they want to give their items to. Most re-use programs are limited to a certain geographical area, but Freecycle allows any metropolitan area to create its own affiliated group. Since its formation in May 2003, the network has grown to 2,383 groups in 50 states and several forelgn countries for

a total of 950,000 members. lts growth has been astounding, says Freecycle Founder

Deron Beal. "we have grown by 100,000 members in the past *e"t . we have had 2,300 percent growth in the past six months," he says. He expects to have millions of members within a few (wasteage.com)

months.

1' Thegroup's purpose is to herp peopre dispose of unnecessary things. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say

2' lt uses social networking sites to facilitate communication between its members. A.

Right

B.

Wrong

C. Doesn't sav. 3. Freecycle operates only in the US. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say 4. Freecycle was created in the spring of 2003. A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say 5. 500 tons of trash are taken to landfills every day.

A.

Right

B.

Wrong

C. Doesn,t say

15. Read the text below. Are the sentences 1-5'Right'(A) or,wrong,(B)? lf there is not enough information to answer 'Right, (n) oi'wiong' (B), choose ,Doesn,t

say'(C). Write your answers on your exam sheet. Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, l gsg June 2s, z}}g)was an American musician, dancer, and entertainer. Referred to as the King of Pop, he is the most commercially successful and one of the most influential entertainers of all times. His unique contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with a highly publicized personal life, made him a prominent figure in popurar curture for over four decaoes. Alongside his brothers, he made his debut in 1964 as lead singer and youngest member of rhe Jackson 5, and later began a successful solo careeiin lglL His.lgg2 album Thriller remains the best-seiting atbum of ail time, with off the watt(1g79), Bad (1ggt), Dangerous (1991), and History (1995) also among the world's best selling albums. Jackson popularized a number of physically complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk. one of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, his other achievements feature multiple Guinness World Records-including the ',Mosi Successful Entertainer of Ail Time"-13 Grammy Awards, 26 American Music Awards 5S

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5.B(..Concernsaboutquietvehic|esare.unoerstandab|e,and@ ,r

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^^ i. E llli"i,"llff;'j;t,?yi

to leave school = to drop out of schoor 5. A ("ihe Btue Book, which had af f tf,L iiiferent runs in run = route (contextual meaninq)

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Prepetre yourself for the BAC exam

E rz. 1.A(paragraph 1) 2' B ("For just 800 yel an hour (about $B), you can get your fix of feline fetiowship from - in the case of Calico - one of 19 "staff" kitties.;') 3' A ("Calico has been a roaring, er, meowing success to the point where reservations

are recommended on weekends and holidays.") 4. C (The text doesn't give us any information.) 5. C (The text doesn't give us any information.)

rg. 1 A ("There are plenty of benefits to buying your food locally or growing it yourself:

supporting small farmers and businesses in your community...,,) 2. C (The text doesn't give us any information.)

environmentalists have long questioned whether these considerations

. should take priority over carbon emissions.',) 4' B (from paragraph 2 we can deduce that the locavore movement is concerned about the state of the environment.) 5' B ("According to stephen

I

J.

Dubner, author

-

Sub

1. Read the text you think fits be

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E

3'A(" "but

READING

of the bestseiler

,,Freakanomics,,,

preliminary research into the matter has failed to show a correlation between a local diet and a low-carbon diet.',)

r+.

1' A ("The Tucson, Ariz.-based group aims to keep items out of landfills by offering a forum through which peopre can get rid of their unwanted items for iree.,') landfill = a place where rubbish is buried 2' B ("The group works through locally based e-mail lists sometrmes more than one

-

Just in the pas: attracted tens :' based on cele:-: more than 1CC ', Knights; unde' -

l

Cassidy. Whr e Files, "FFN is :-: at age '11 . Sai s nothing else i,-,, -

FFN has son'e female, accorc -: and calls the s ::

box marked "l'- , stories direct,y, ::

screening prc:= members io re:: can post any:: But there's rea

per metro area members can post e-mails offering their unwanted items, - where and other members can respond to offers.,,) 3' B ("Most re-use programs are limited to a certain geographicat area, but Freecycle allows any metropolitan area to create its own affitiateO group.,,; 4. A ("Since its formation in May 2003...,,) 5. C (The iext doesn't give us any information)

school adn'r =. Everything Y: Highway (Ccr:: young peop e :: Vampire Slai e' says, "but n'a.':' Marsh is mo': :

E15

and doesn':

1' B ("Referred to as the King of Pop, he is the most commercially successful and one of the most influential entertainers of all times.") 2' A("Alongside his brothers, he made his debut in 1964 as lead

srnger and youngest member of rhe Jackson 5, and rater began a successful soro career in 1g71.'j 3' B ("His 1982 album Thrilter remains the best-selling album of alrtime...',) 4' A ("Jackson popularized a number of physically complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk.,') 5. (the text doesn t give us any information)

to share its s:,=

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

3. According to its creator, a third of FFN's memoers.

A. are only young women. B. pay a monthly subscription. C. have to submit a story. D. are young people under and of age. 4. Xing Li

A. earns a lot of money from the site. B. is a computer programmer in Taiwan. C. started the website as a oastime. D. is one of the richest people in the USA. 5. To become a member of the website A. one has to register. B. one has to be under 18. C. one has to pay a fee. D. one has to fill in a form.

2. Read

you thin

Kids takt wisdom tech gac year olc in the otl

There a' become games i juggling

array ot

availabr can havt

might ne member

Unfortu r 6. Writers

A. send their stories to an editorial board.

parents

real life.

B. type their stories themselves.

informat

C. proofread their stories. D. post their stories to the site.

good

7. Merle Marsh A. disapproves of the site's editorial policy. B. peer reviews are really valuable. C. gives advice to teenagers'parents. D. acknowledges the need for such a site. 8. The website

A. encourages young people to write about Buffy. B. promotes great works of literature. C. stimulates young people to read and write. D. support young writers. 9. Censorship

in

unsusp€

Some e;

kids ma

commuI based ci as thos€ ln order instead

2?" is

t

especla

But is tr questio' efficient snow yc

A. is against Li's principles.

nAcClrn:r

B. is necessary in an online community. C. ensures only suitable materials are published. D. applies only to graphic material.

Some

illiteracr

',

abbrevi: messag

10. Running the site A. is a profitable business. B. is time consuming for Li. C. is an automated orocess.

D. is reallv hard work.

64

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

1. Children

A. start using technology at an early age. B. can fix any technology related problem.

9. Researcf, r A fopnen B. teenag C. teenag D. teenag

C. are prone to accidents. D. have an appeal for technology.

2. lt is thought that A. kids learn faster than adults.

10. Children

A.donia B. chat :: C. don i .',

B. early introduction to technology is beneficial for kids. C. kids are be exposed to high levels of radiation. D. playing computer games has become second nature to kids. 3. Access to technology

A. makes children lazy and anti-social. B, enables children to communicate more easilv. C. atrophies children's social skills. D. is harmful to young children.

4. Parents are concerned that A. children spend too much time in front of the computer. B. children will become 'immune'to violence. C. children will display a violent behavior. D. children will act violentlv in real life. 5. Teenagers

A. are keen on writing emails. B. communicate with parents through text messages. C. prefer instant communication. D. have no communication skills. 6. To write messages faster children A. take up shorthand writing classes.

B. devise secret codes. C. use shortened words. D. don't punctuate their sentences. 7. Educators and oarents A. are worried about the children's spelling mistakes. B. believe technology makes children illiterate. C. don't have an unanimous opinion on the issue. D. team up to teach children to read betrer. 8. Nowadays, we A. employ the same spelling as our predecessors. B. are more literate than our predecessors. C. use different spellings than our predecessors. d. have to fight against illiteracy.

T\ ^.^

3. Read the tr you think lits TL^.,

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daughters ", 1^^^il,, lVUOlly h, U! ', l^^^^ T^- . rJdPdil. I U ,i:

white rnare--

l-)ocnifc --= : i^ [^. t..-- ^ afD tdl house s-:l iltdLJ TL^.,

d

=

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'uocrxol Our6essau oq] uleal alqeun ale 'C 'eroutAue slessa poo6 e1t:nn ],uop 'C 'sraad Jrot-{} q}tM qcnul ool }eqc '8

'lxaluoc ctlstn6utl

eq1 o1 abenOuel Jloql

'uocrxal but6essatu aq] osn ol

uoLl^A

ldepe l,uop 'V uarplrt-lc'01

MouI l,uop sleOeueel '6

'aleadseleqg 6urpee.r alqnotl aneq slebeuael 'C '6ur;lads leuorluo^uoo pue pueLll.loqs uao^Alaq qcilMs uec sla6eueal 'g ',(l1ceroc a]uM ol alqeun ale sra6euaal 'y ieql uMorls seq qcleosou '6 wexa CVB

eq1

n7 gastnoA atedet4

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

Japanese food and native drinks such as sak6 and shochu spirit are competing once again with foreign food, beer and whisky. "lt's coolto be Japanese again, and this is part oithe trend. A lot of girls these days don't want to work for boring companies. lf you're a maiko, people pay a lot of money to see you and talk to you; you get to meet movie stars, and wherever you go people are taking your picture. lt's a pretty good life," said

peter Macintosh, a Canadian who organizes geisha evenings for foreign visitors to Kyoto.

(adaPted from The Iimes) 1. The geisha

A. are relics of a distant Past. B. are revered bY the JaPanese. C. are beautifulfemale dancers. D" are part of the Japanese traditional culture' 2. Geisha houses in KYoto A. hire geisha through the internet. B. have all gone bankrupt because of the financial crisis' C. employ geisha through employment agencies' D. have been shut down by the government' 3. Maiko A. are fully-qualified geisha. B. study the arts of dance and painting. C. train before becoming geisha. D. are easY to recruit.

4. In the 20th century A. the number of geisha went down. B. there were onlY 200 geisha left. C. many geisha retrained as maiko. D. the geisha set up their own blogs. 5. Geisha houses A. paid no taxes to the local authorities. B. found wealthy husbands for young women from poor families. C. supported poor women and childrer'. D. offered a good alternative for young women from needy families. 6. The apprentice geisha are recruited A. by word of mouth. B. through internet websites.

C. only by recommendation' D. after a thorough examination' 7. The life of a maiko A. is full of glamour.

B. is not as easy as it seems. C. is very rewarding. D. is a life of luxurv.

68

8. Trainee gelsna A. sleeP until midca" B. don't attend Pan e C. take uP sPeclai

D. don't learn anY

': ':r

9. The increase in the

A. a Period of econc B. a comeback to 'a C. a fad among Jai: D. efficient goverri-'

10. According to PeieA. being JaPanese

r'

B. girls want tc "' c " C. maiko don t tz' ' : D. organizing ge s-

4. Read the text belorv

you think fits best acc PeoPle who mistrea: ' sentences under rve'a RSPCA insPectors "' using force, to resc'e

'

a

s

The legislation wi

caterPillars and b': =The Penalties douc : :" the f5,000 maxir-- ' week bY Ben Bracs: a a Parliamentary c3-AnYone owning a :::

it and could

'

Iace'z'

.'.'

'' Unborn animals RSPCA insPecto:s "' or hovercraft carr) ': long journeYs Bu: '-:

magistrate's wai'ra': discretion to insrs: :' dog-walkers or Pe:- : licensing scheme 'a' Animal welfare ca:-: ' the Protection of A': ban the docking or

Whitehallsources -: these issues

late' -'

-: total ban on docK would be exempie:

69 'ueq e Ourcnpo.rlur aro;aq paldurexe aq plnon 6op 6ur4rom ]o spaarq Llor1m uo truaureer0e qceal ol sluem pue 6utlcop uo ueq lelol B ur o^orloq lou saop l eqsperE.ry1 'ree{ sttl} poleanaJsowtl aq_L sV'ia}el sonsst osoq} qlrm leap o1uor1e1srbel fuepuoces ue;d sralstutlu ]eql'ranal oq ']s!sul saclnos lleqoltllM 'qrel ,soop Jo Durlsop aql ueq ol silej pue sleuJrue sncjrc ol acuetoleJ ou sureluoc '116, lcv sleu/luvJo uorlcaloJd eql selepdn r.{clr.{ 'lllq Uerp aL1} 1eq1 pere6ue aq lllm lenennoq 's:au6tedueo ale}lan^ leultuv 'crlercneoJnq ool se ]no palnr uaoq sell olrtoqos 6utsuectl leuJo] e 1ng 'Ieme oJe sJou^ o uoqM sleutue Jo] alec oql 'sJallts 1ad lo ste>11em-6op se Llcns 'sleurue uo.tl Ieuou.t a)eu oqM eldoad ;o uotletlstbal uo lstsut ol uoqolcstp uantb eq sarlrJor.llne lecol acrlod eq1 {q peruedr"uooce aq o} Jo }ueJel s,a1el1sl6eu llr/\^ e poeu srolcedsur alaqM 'souroq elenud ol ritdde lou lltm lqbu eq11ng 'sfeutnof 6uo; ;;rnn uJacuoc rage papnlour uaoq seq stqf 'sleutue 6ut{:lec Uelslanotl io uo lnoqe lcolso^rl rolua o1 lqbt.t eq1 uteb osle lltm s:olcedsulVSdSU aueld 'fu.re1 'furo1 Iue e lnoqu/v\ lueJe^ 'uorpelo.rd aues aq] antacal llt^ sleulue uJoqun 'ror.lloue raye 6urlool uroJJ pouueq 6ureq pue {ene uale} ll 6utneq aceJ plnoc pue }l spJe^ ol ,,oreo ]o finp,, fuo1nlels e aAeL{ lltM leutue ct}oxo Jo tuel '1ad e 6utumo auor{uy 'luouletlled ]o sosnoH qloq alolaq oO uaql pue oaglullloc fueluauet;:ed e

'qtilt

>g

Aq pesrurln.rcs oq llrn ll 'orejlom lerutue;o a6leqc ul Jalslulul oql '^ eqspeJ6 uog {q laenn lxou poqsrlqnd eq o1 lllg Uelp e ut lno los aq llr^ aull pleq oql 'ouU r'rtnurxeu 000'93 oql osealcut {11e4ue1sqns pue ocua}uos q}uotu-xts ulnullxeul }ua.t.tnc oql alqnop satlleuad aql 'ssoJlsrp pue ured ragns pue sle;1td:a1ec aouopt^o crylluolcs ,{eq1 1eq1 seno.rd

Jl salUJaUnq

'sr.llJol 's6nls 'slcosur se qcns saJnlealc o1 uotlcalold leJJo osle

11lm

uollelstOal oLlI

'uJeq Jo lsil le .lo Outtegns oq ol panolloq sleulue oncsal o1 'eclo1 6utsn {q uena '}ueJJE^ e }noL1}tm sastua:d Ja}ua o} slervrod uentO aq ;;tnn slolcadsu! VOdSU 'loa/v\ lxau pasunouue aq ol s/v\el aleJlaM lapun sosualuos uosud 6uo1-teert pue 000'023 o1 dn jo sauU ooeJ llll sleullue leallslLtt oqnn a1doe6 'laaqs urexa rno{ uo sJa/nsue lnof e11.t1111 'lxol aq} o1 bulprocce lssq s1;1 1ulq1 no{ qo!q,\ (O ro C 'g 'y) .rernsue aql asootlc '0 L- ;, suollsanb lol 'tnolaq lxal aql peou 't 'e;qe1go:d sr s6utuane eqsre6 6utztue6lo

'6

'sra6uerls ol llel l,uop olteu '3 'serueduoc uorqse1 JoJ llo^ ol ]ue^ spt6 'g

'aJotu oguo uorqseJ ut st esauedep 6ulaq 'y qsolutcey1 lalod ol bulp.toccy '91,

'{o1od leuo[eonpo lueututenob ]uatot1Ja 'C

'srebeueel esauedef Ououle

pe1

e 'C

'srrolsnc esauedep o] lceqouloc e '8 'fiuedsold ctLuouoca;o potted e 'y o] onp sr Joqtunu olleul all] ul asEaJcul aql'6 'sa6enbuel ubte:o1 {ue utea; l,uop 'Cl 'sasrnoc letceds dn a1e1 '3 'satped puolle ],uop '8 'r{epprur

1g1un

deals

'y

eqste6 aautelf '8 wexa CVg

eq1 totr

(sewry

aql

ol slollstn

urorl pald

uOre:o; ro1

ples ,,'a1ll poo6 ,{pa-rc ornotu lootu ol ]e6 no{ e:,no{;; 'salueduoc 6

ped sr str..li pue 'ure6e ecuo 6urledLuoc ale :,

geunol etedat4

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

He said at the time: "r am rooking for a way to get the barance right. that we allow human circurncision and we should not be

rt seems odd to me

ou"idrr"onian in terms of

animal werfare raw. I want sensibre, but usefur ano meaningiut, The RSPCA said last night ihat it would continue '"etorm.,, to campaign for a ban on tail docking except when a vet orders it for therapeutic reasons. The chirity is arso unhappy about circus animals and hopes that this will be looked at again. The society said that it would be absolutely delighted if a duty of care were set out in law. "lt would be the single most important piece oiwelfare regislation affecting captive and domestic animals since 1 911," a spokeswoman said. other measures in the bill include a Dan on anyone under '16 0wning a pet and on gordfish or other animars being given as prtzes at fairgrounds or in competitions. The crackdown foilows years or pressure from the RSPCA and organisations such as the Kennel Club. 1. Peopie who treat animals badlv

A. will not be prosecuted. B. can be fined or jailed. C, might be sentenced to 5 years of prison. D. are exempted from doing communltv service.

2. RSPCA inspectors A. will be given badges and guns. B. will be trained by police eiperts. C. will be prohibited from using force. D. will be able to search buildings without permission. 3. A draft bitl

A. will pass through both houses of parliament. B. will be examined by a panel of international experts. C. will be proofread by Ben Bradshaw. D. will be published in two week,s time. 4. The owner ofa pet A. could be prohi,bited from looking after other people,s pets. B. is not obliged to take care of it. C. could lose the right of property over it. D. wiil sign a contract with RSpiA. 5. RSPCA inspectors A. will have the right to check any vehicles. B. are concerned about livestock on long journeys. C. can enter private homes without a warrant. D. will be accompanied by vets.

(The Times)

c: ccri3A. will be B. have cort' : -

7. Animal welfa'=

C. will be dissa: D. will update :8. Mr. Bradshar,t' A. disapproves R

cr

rnnnrtq i':

C. is a represe^

*

70_-

:-

D. will updaie 9. The bill

A. allows pe.: i B. encouragc:' : fv.

fnrhiclq rvr vrvv

nc^yvv-

D, urges Pec:

.

10. RSPCA anc 3:A. have crt:tse : B. have lobb :: C. have shc"' D. have prcP:s

5. Read the text be you think fits besi The term "ge'e: : of agriculture .-: researcn s^c :-: ", risks for the e^ ' -:

organisms". Tr s :' there is no e', l:-:

This Satut:a., =-. Centre (J rC - '. :

shcc: --.., at JIC ore :1- :"photo

experlrnen:

The ti';ai i:'. : ':s '. genes frcr- ,', : s:,

Phytoprr":'. '':s Tho hlinl'' noodq

6. Local authorities A. will issue formal licenses for dog-walkers. ! can ask dog-walkers to register-themselves. C. will take care of animals *lil" o*n"rs are away. D. will discretely supervise pet_sitters.

:

n

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to take tn norrof !v

pa' '

_.-

.

a

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via exchange cl e-

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'lelJaleu {rcrlqnd llot1l ul asrel {eql sanssl laq}o uraLll poltnut aM '3lf ruo4 poddns qllM peLl aM ." 11"^ se 'sleuOLoulec oll] tlllm slql ssncslp ol Ilrunl'roddo ue aleaJo oi padoq 'y!C lnoq]tm pecnpo.rd uaaq aneq ]ou plnoc - srelselold ot"ll Iq pelcalel sl pue - spoau 6ureq Alarte^ luelslsol ]qollq aLlI dorc eql eprcrlsed Jo lunoue oql soonpol leql 'poletli 'apr/v\plloM sessol lenuuB ul uqg'g3 sasnec qc!q/v\ 'suelsalu etoqlt'1do$t14alelu leql selcads pllm tiloJ; saue6 'ueboqle 1q6r1q e1e1 oql Jo socel yn ol luelslsal uaql uo qcleasal so^lo^ul leui at{I olelost o] alqe uaoq aneLl oM 'saolelod plrm Luoli sauaO ',,luaulllooxo

'Clf

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popunj-nfioslea,i-g7ro4.11n."''Jo^aloH'ulouluneLl]]opue'olnlln3tt6elo

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"0 L

'6

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lllq

aLll'6

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1o

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(sorurl

aq-L)

trroll oJnssotd 1o r se uanr6 6ureq s eapnlsut lltq aL{l ur s3. pue enrldec 6ultcaJe 'l^el ut ]no las 3.l3rr1

lnoqe {ddequn os e 6urlcop ltej uo ueq

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'lllq ]Jelp aql qllM luoluos aq lllM 'v selueduuoc aleJlom leulluV'/

't |

^

,o sulal ,, u",ro"" eu o] ppo sulaes I "

wexa 3yg eqy to1 gesLnol etedat4

P_frylu yourset{ for the BAC exam

Meanwhile' the benefits^".|9M technology are becoming clearer to all. lnsect resistant u,iJiJ*ur"o mycotoxin revers rn the maize we eat. Genetic "ppri"ation", GM cotton and maize has reduced insectLioe

;::il"-1,:ff:f

in microolai[""""r"n has produced "ngi;;;;;;g new Jic'; purpre t"',i"""."ntain erevated revers or iffiillfl,lilt';i;

Food insecuritv and-?]imate change highlight the chailenges sustainabry feeding a growing worrd popuratjon. Further;"r;;;; using GM ,"tioJ.ofopens ror raising and stabirisins yierds, new possibirities impiours ,"-r;i;n; ;;;;:,, and diseases ano withstanding abiotic stressei .u"f, ,, lrougnt anO colO. But in Europe' whirelalpayers'money,r:llrit,:g to deverop usefur raxpayers are not benefitting from theiideptoyment. tn contrasi-Canada, GM crop traits, and south America are blaiing China, the US ahead *iirr crrrr ano rnola'is noir",. behind. The ratest figures from the International service r"i t13 Acquisition of Agri-Biotech report 15 miilion farm.ers pranting cnr crops on around 150 m-hectares Apptications promising GM traits exist, in 20.10. Many often o'iscoverei oy academics, ori'L" commerciar risks are l,"i"3iiit;t1fffi:'Ji:fl:n ano tne rew"Ls too row rori;; i";;;""n privare sector to

The argument has

to.

be made that the benefits

of the technorogy far outweigh hypothetical hazards. we need any to tnint ,lnJrt,tn" *st of nof adopting GM as we, as the risks, and we must not spurn ti gr"uioiiJrtunities created by emoracing it. " 1. The term "genetic modification,,

(www.guardian.co.uk)

car:?

A. were lnr' :31 B. have acc3:: C. refuse :c :: D. are disa:3:

'

6. GM techno c;, A. reduces :-:

B. enhances :' C. has ob''' : -:

-j

T'\ u. nr^mniql yrvrrrvL!-

7. Food insec'-:. A. are ca-rn: B. are twc a "' /v.

vyvL ^^an

r;

-,-

-

-

D. make l: :

8. EuroPean .a' :; A. disagre: .'" B. blame 3'.' a .l^ n^- -:.: D. do nc:

A. scares people off. B. causes confusion. C. is an umbrella term. D. has multiple meanings.

9. Europea^

,',

=-

::-:

A. are 'e -,"=" R me;=

2. Research shows that A. GM plants pose greater risks than conventional plants. B. GM plants are not as tasty u, plants. C. GM plants are not more dangerous "onuln,,onal than conventional plants D' GM prants harm the enuiron,ienl-more *ran conventional

prants

3. Anti-GM campaigners argue that A. GM methods are 100% safe.

B. GM research trials are dangerous. C. GM research should Oe Ouin"O.D. GM methods are not scientific.

4. The blight resistant potatoes being trialed A. are not suitable for human ;;;.;;;;"". B. could have been produced without GM. C. diminishes the use of pesticides. D. are approved of Oy anii_Ctvt

"urpuignerr.

-*72-

5. Anti-GM

----

C. are.'= ,-

,

^:-.^

::

10. The \,','::' f\.\"c: --n .. ^ ---

^ 6. Read the tex:

you think

fits

I

ne

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Prepare yourself for the EAC exam

once and for all. The idea was to persuade President Kennedy to give visibility to this issue by going on a nationai conservation tour. I flew to Washrngton to discuss the proposal with Attorney General Robert Kennedy, who liked the idea. So did the president. The President bregan his five-day, eleven-state conservation tour in September 1g63. For rnany reasons the tour did not succeed in putting the issue onto the national political agenda. l-lowever, it was the germ of the idea that ultimately flowered into Earl-r Day. I continued to speak on environmental issues to a variety of audiences In some twentyfive states' All across the country, evidence of environmental degradation was appearing everywhere, and everyone noticed except the political establishment. The environmenta-l issue simply was not to be found on the nation's political agenda. The people were concerned, but the politicians were not.

After President Kennedy's tour, I still hcped for some idea that would thrust the environment into the political mainstream. Six years would pass before the idea that

became Earth Day occurred to me while on a conservation speaking tour out West in the summer of 1969. At the time, anti-Vietnam War dernonstrations, called "teach-ins," had spread to college campuses all across the nation. Suddenly, the idea occurred to me -

why not organize environment?

a

huge grassroots protest over what was happening

io

our

At a conference in Seattle in September 1969, lannounced that in the spring of 1g70 there would be a nationwide grassroots demonstration on behalf of the environment and

invited everyone to participate. The wire services carried the story from coast to coast. The response was electric. it took off like gangbusters. Telegrams, letters, and telephone inquiries poured in from all across the country. The American people finally had a forum to express its concern about what was happening to the land, rivers, lakes, and air - and they did so with spectacular exuberance. For the next four months, two members of my Senate staff, Linda Billings and John Heritage, managed Earth Day affairs out of my Senate office.

A. was a s:B. conce'-=: C. was a:s=-

D.wasc':'

3. Presideni

C. faileo :: ' D. decllr::

.

4. The idea

_

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6. His A B

C D

had neither the time nor resources to organize 20 million demonstrators and the thousands of schools and local communities that participated. That was the remarkable thing about Earth Day. lt organized itself.

74

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A ^^/-^f\.>Po'Q ^aa r':-

environmental events It was obvious that we were headed for a spectacular success on Earth Day. lt was also obvious that grassroots activities had ballooned beyond the capacity of my U.S. Senate office staff to keep up with the telephone calis, paper work, inquiries, etc. ln rnid-Janrnry, three months before Earth Day, John Gardner, Founder of common cause, provided iemporary space for a Washington, D.C. headquarters. I staffed the office with colleqe students and selected Denis Hayes as coordinator of activities. Earth Day worked because of the spontaneous response at the grassroots level. We

B. was an instant success. C. got a mixed reception from politicians. D. spurred a lot of discussion.

(=-

A. refusa: .: B. broug': e

Five months before Earth Day, on Sunday, November 30, 1969, The New york rimes carried a lengthy article by Gladwin Hill reporting on the astonishing proliferation of

1. The idea for Earth Day A. crystallized in time.

c'i-

2. The state

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

7' Read the text berow. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B,

write

T:'^::,"-:':::t^::jl;t:t

c or D) which

v',i""",",""on,o,.exam

ln il'JrflT"t:'-: a few weeks, the heir to one of the worh,s greatest _ in a b";i prasiir
rortrn"r,

sheet

|1il::Tff:l,i,l"JJ;

i;; ;il;;;;;iastic botres and recycred ;::::l ff::,'JTr9"oic w o d, s .,," ;#: il ;.1 Jil"ry,i Garbage Patch, a :lli^ i!1lTfil:x;;;;r :I: i,':m n: iift : rubbish-co;;;"d ".#ffi of ocean, rr"rnored r,

mires in diameter. The patch, north_west of """Jr"i Hawaii, was dist i1 t.oss by researchers who found that tens of thousands ruborgrr"".t"i""g tne region,s ";:y^"j:9 3i 1n o evastati n g "u,sni popu tation s of se-a bi

3. Plastic Pol ':3^ A. ts being ceB. has min -a C. stifles utl:D. threatens :-, 4. Rothschild's :t'

;;;1,{,ff1:t::5"":Tl":i::+il:;,f;l[:,:l;n

n olirr,,"h t i;;' ;";; ;;;:".. During his trip, which is " " being sponsored by the Internationar Hewrett-packard, de Rothschir"d watch company and -iri."ri""t *ater sampre, uno por, and video crips of the area, brogs, photographs in an attemptlo pubticise il;il;;sed

B. is a wake ': C. is a Poini es D, is finance: :

rds

by plastic porution.

To further highright

porution probrems, the 3'_year_ord environmenr crusader has designed lT a:.^"_1":'prastic special catamaranwith a huI mao"'Jtir.,.n", fiiled with 12,000 plastic bottles' The cabin ano outt
5. During the 1c'-^r A. will keeP a B, will cr.r:r,i ,,.^ C. will wrtte a : D. will shoc. :

e-, A. has pu'c-:: B. has b- :: ;

6. The young

C. has des n

L^^

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b

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e

s

to g u t h u,."

il

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ff

i.:1,':" [:I F #,;S*,"'l:

caramaran has cost severar ! miirion doilars lJ T'#: il to-construct reach its current design, When it is reaoy]ii

a crew of six on u 1q:0.0:r,r" Fll Jll,f llll; yJ

Hff : t

m "

j"_r;;i;om

n"l taken three years to "ro , r", *u"Lr,li*ii,,lurrv de Rothschitd and sun rr"n"i."o io

il*uii,

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d.

Midway lsrand, n y n s cra rt, n, t ir,

"

lwww.guardian.co.uk) 1. In.a few weeks, David de Rothschild A. will fly over the pacific. B. will swim across the pacilFic. C. wjll embark on a journey across the pacific. D. will steer a yacni across the pacific. 2. The aim of the venture is A. to eraclicate ptracv. ts. to save endangerld species. C, to shift attention on *"tu, poilrtion. D. to photograph marine life.

9. Tr-e 3 D

10.

P 3S:

A B

C D

76

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PtPpure yourself far Lhe BAC exarn

8. Read the text below. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B,

1. Proms are

c or D) which

you think fits best according to the text. Write your answers on your exam sheet. lf you're in Britain over summer, why not come to a Prom? Don't worry, you don't need

A. mass

::

Q vre"" u. .l?c<

-: '-

C. htgn s:D. hous: "'

a tuxedo, fancy dress, corsage or a limo. These aren'i high school proms, but a uniquely

British form of classical muslc concerts.

The main Proms take place in London from July to September each year. In addition, many castles, abbeys and country houses hold Proms throughout the summer. In 1894 Mr. Robert Newman, manager of the Queen's Hall, London, met a talented

2. Their PJ':-: n i^ v .' Lv o._:_ n.

s":

B

to

f'\ U

+A :---: rv e" -

(\+^--. Lv "--v

young musician and conductor named Mr. Henry Wood and informed him of his plans for a new series of concerts to be held over summer. These concerts would, Newman hoped, educate the people about classical music and hopefully make it more popular. The concerts would begin with easy pieces and gradually introduce more challenging pieces of music. Mr. Wood agreed to become the conductor of a permanent orchestra and to help Mr. Newman develop his concerts. And so the first of the Proms, or as they

-=

3. TheY v' : _ A. ^l,:-- ^

:

Ne"'-'?-

=

-

were then known, "Mr. Robert Newman's Promenade Concerts," was oerformed on August 10, 1895. They were called Promenade concerts because a large part of the seating area had no seats and so the patrons had to stand during the performances. This is still true at Proms concerts in London today, and dedicated Prommers will tell you that this is the best place to be. During the original Proms the patrons could smoke, eat and drink, as Newman and Wood wanted to keep the atmosphere as informal as possible, aithough customers were asked not to strike matches during vocal performances.

4.

a '-

-

L.

The Proms today consists of over 70 main Prom concerts at the Albert Hall and additional Proms Chamber Music performances at the Victoria and Albert Museum. There is at least one Prom concert every evening, and a large number of these are preceded by a pre-Prom talk. Every Prom concert is broadcast on BBC Radio 3, and a number of Proms are now broadcast on the web and on BBC4 - a digital television channel. The Last Night of the Proms is always shown on BBC television.

Each Prom season now has themes, and the works reflect one of the themes. The pedormance is still a mix of old and new and includes music, conductors, performers and orchestras from around the world. However, the highlight of the Proms season is The Last Night of the Proms. This is an amazing, bizarre, uniquely British event. lt is also incredibly popular and tickets for the Last Night are invaniably the first to be sold out when tickets go on sale in mid May. The concert begins with music representing each of the main themes for the season. During this part of the concert, the Prommers will behave as impeccably as they normally do, even though they're wearing unusual clothing festooned with Union Jacks and are carrying Union Jack flags. But this is not what the Prommers are really here for. No, they

are here for the patriotic finale: "Land of Hope and Glory" (or Elgar's "pomp and Circumstance" March No. 1), the Fantasia of British Sea Songs (including the very popular "Rule Britannia), and finally "Auld Lang syne," "Jerusalem" and the National Anthem. Throughout all of this the Prommers will rousingly sing along, bob up and down in time with the music and join in with whistles and hooters! lt is quite a sight and an amazing atmosphere! You really need to experience it to believe it. (www.timetravel-britain.com)

78

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

9. During the Last Night, prommers

A. behave outrageously. B. wear formal clothes. C. go on the stage. D. team uo with the orchestra. 10. The writer

A. recommends us to attend such a concert. B. tries to convince us not to buy tickets. C. advises us to avoid the prommers. D. highlights the environmental impact of such celebration. 9. Read the text below. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which

you think

fits

best according to the text. Write your answers on your exam sheet.

Among the countless tourist attractions in contemporary London, such as the Houses of Parliament, Tower Bridge and Buckingham Palace, the one that can easily be considered the unforgettable "Queen" amongst them all, is the Briiish Museum. Britain's national museum of archaeology and antiquities was established by an act of Parliament in 1753, when the government purchased three large private collections consisting of books, manuscripts, prints, drawings, paintings, medals, coins, seals, cameos, and natural curiosities. Today, home of approximately seven million objects from all continents, the British museum is considered to be the most popular and famous museum in the world. Located in a central area of London, the British Museum's collections in archaeology and ethnography are particularly outstanding. Being one of London's principal tourist attractions, the visitor can admire its famous holdings, like the Elgin Marbles, carvings from the Athenian Parthenon, the Rosetta Stone, the Portland Vase, the Benin Bronzes, Egyptian Mummies, and the Chinese ceramics. lts drawings collection holds more than 2,000 drawings constituting the world's largest and most comprehensive collections. Since it first opened its doors to the public, on January 15, 1759 the museum has been illustrating and documenting the story of human development and culture from its early years to the present day. Because the British Museum does not charge any admission fees, the exception being some temporary special exhibitions, interested publics from around the globe line up outside its doors waiting to enter its amazing gallery showrooms and admire the plethora of human creations kept in there.

But some of its most prestigious holdings, like the Parthenon Marbles and the Benin Bronzes are among its most disputed collections. These collections are the subject of great controversy and political debates since various organizations lobby in favor of their return to their native countries of Greece and Nigeria respectively. But regardless of the

harsh criticism, the British Museum has refused to return either collection, arguing that if the British Museum was to return to their original geographical location any of its current possessions that would mean empty rooms for a great many museums around the world. Although critics argue that these artifacts, among others, should now return to their home countries, the British Museum continues to support that it is an appropriate custodian and has the inalienable right over these disputed creations under British law. Nevertheless, the fact still remains that the British Museum is one of the most important London destinations one should not miss visiting when circumstances allow a ride to one of the most famous and interesting capitals in the world. (www.articlecircle.com)

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exant

9. Some of its most prestigious holdings A. are at the heari of great controversy over ownership B. are worth millions of oounds. C. are about to be returned to their countrv of orioin. D. are being insured against theft.

.

10. The Museum

A. has agreed to repatriate all disputed collections. B. hasn't yet decided to return the disputed collections. C. has no legal rights over the disputed collections. D. has declined to give back all the disputed collections. 10. Read the text below. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Write your answers on your exam sheet. As a writer, I spend a lot of my time glued to my computer screen: researching and pitching ideas, dealing with emails, keeping abreast of breaking news and, occasionally, writing. While recently trying to launch an online magazine, my screen time increased still fudher and, unable to resist the temptation any longer, I also answered the call of Twitter. Setting aside BlackBerry time at evenings and weekends, I was devoting eight hours a day to digital media. After a month, strange things staried to happen. I found it difficult to concentrate on any given task for more than a few minutes. My mind felt scattered and my focus wandered from email to web page to tweet to email and back again. Despite working ever more furiously, I would reach the end of a 10-hour day and feel I had achieved almost nothing.

What had I learnt? Which of those hundreds of bite-size pieces of information had

3. It

,

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actually lodged in my brain? what had I created - which is, after all, my primary working function? The answer, frustratingly, was usually very little. But while distractedly surfing, I discovered what was ailing me. lt was spelt out in a piece of research published in March by Lila Davachi, a New York University neuroscientist: my

gluttony for digital media came at a price: a severe impact on cognitive function, in particular memory.

ln her study, the brains of '16 men and women, aged 22to 34, were scanned by a functional magnetic imagining machine (fMRl) while they looked at three different pictures: an object, a face and a mountain scene. After viewing the photos, and while their brains were still being scanned, the participants were asked to lie still, rest and let their minds wander. When they were shown the pictures again, they were better able to remember them than they were before they took a rest - the daydreaming had improved their recall.

"Our data suggests that if you are not giving yourself a break, you are hindering your brain's ability to consolidate memories and experiences," said Davachi. My constant cyber-hopping meant that I had never realiy stopped, taken a deep breath and let my poor, overcooked brain rest. Hardly rocket science, then, that my thoughts were so fragmented.

These findings follow the warnings last year by Baroness Susan Greenfield, leading neuroscientist and former director of the Royal Institution, that social networklng sites such as Facebook, which has 350 million users worldwide, and Twitter, which generates

82

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

8. The writer

A. continued working on his book. B. went on holiday to tOiza. C. realized he should have taken time out. D. shut down hrs comouter. 9. Susan Greenfield believes A. networking sites develop creativitv. B. networking sites generate wealth.' C. networking sites induce immature behaviour. D. networking sites should be banneo. 10. The medical and scientific communities

A. have reacted.differenfly to Mrs. Greenfield,s findings.

B. have reached the same conclusions as Mrs. Greenfield. C. agree with Mrs. Greenfield,s views D. deny Mr. Greenfield's merits. 11' Read the text below. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, you think fits

c or D) which best according to the text. write yor, on yo* exam sheet. Few who believe in the potential of "n"*"r" the web deny the value of books. But they argue that it is unrearistic to expect ail chirdren to read "To Kiil a Mockingbird,, or ,,pride ano Prejudice" for fun' And those who prefer staring at a television or mashing buttons on a game consore, they say, can stiil benefit from reading on ir," ,nt"rnet. In fact, some

literacy experts say that online reading skiils will help children far better when they begin looking for digital-age jobs.

Some web evangelists say children should be evaluated for their proficiency on the tnternet just as they are tested on their print reading .orpr"hunsion. starting next year. some countries participate

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they say, distracts more than strengthens readers. And many youths spend most of their time on the lnternet playing gur".-or. sending instant messages, activities that involve minimal reading at best. The question of how to varue different kinds of rgalino is compricated because peopre read for many reasons' There is the level required of daily life to follow the instructions in a manual or to analyze a mortgage contract. Then there is -a more sophisticated level

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will in new international assessments of digital literacy, but the United States, for now, will not.

some traditionalists warn that digital reading is the intellectual equivalent of empty calories. often, thev argue, writers on the Iniernet ;;;;;;;yptic argot that vexes teachers and parents ' Zigzagging through a cornucopia of words, pictures, video and sounds,

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.

8. The wealth of words, pictures, videos and sounds

and develoPn-3^: and how yol, "':-: At the end of r: ' :: But the opPorl-- : been worKtng - :it! Working as a S interpersona' s"r s with corresPo.:.^

A. disturbs readers. B. engrosses reaoers.

C. strengthens readers. D. diverts readers' attention. 9. People read A. only for entertainment. B. to escape real life. C. for various purposes. D. in their free time.

My workloao s ': with the Fore gi

S

understanding a:: first and forei--:s:

f 0. According to David McCullough, knowledge

A. is acquired through hard work. B. comes largely from books.

1.

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C. can be a valuable asset. D. can be found on a printout.

B. a

12' Read the text berow. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, c or D) which you think fits best according to the text. write your answers on your exam sheet. I joined the FCo in January 2007 after a long year and a half of working numerous temp jobs after completing my degree in Pubiic Administration with Managerial studies at De Montfort University, Leicester. Finding a permanent job that encompassed what I learnt with my degree as well as building upon the skills I r',ui gain"o throughout my work experlence was tough l was on the verge on looking at aiotner career path when an Administrative Assistant vacancy appeared in a national newspaper. I applied for the position rike so many others and waited for a repry, whiilt a;;rying for other jobs (can,t Keep your

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After a long process including online tests, an assessment centre and an interview, was informed that if I were successful there would be a 6-9 month wait due to vettrng procedures' I got. a call the next day informing me that t got ttre job - I was elatedl However, it soon dawned on me ttrat j'd have to wait over hatt a year to begin work. A lot can happen in 9 monthsl Although I accepted the job offer, I still searched for other jobs because student loans needeo to oe paid off sooner rather than later. I was on tne verge of becoming a recruitment consultant when my clearance came through ano a start date was offered to me. r

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I must say that how.you get your first

41 position in the FCo is very different from other rast day of the induction week, everyone was given a brown envelope with the first job that they would be doing in fl're office. I opened my envelope, read it and was baffled. 'Vetting Unit' was underlined in bold. I read the job spec and couldn't understand why I was put therer However, once I met my team, and was tarked organisations.

on the

unit's cruciar rore in ensuring that the cnaracter and personar Tj::g!,Ih. vetting clrcumstances of an individual are such that he or she can be trusted with

sensitive Government information or assets, I was immediately put at ease. working within the unit gave me a broader insight into both people and processes. Yes, you do come across mundane tasks such as fiiling and data entry, but you soon realise that it needs to be done in order for the rest of thsteam to function! As an A.1 you are a small but vital cog in the grand machine of the FCo! There are loads of learning

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

7. Working in this department

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13. Read the text below. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, c or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Write your answers on your exam sheet.

going back to his bottle. People have to be de-addicted from it, and giving them free recipes is one way of attracting people back to cooking wholesome food aihome. A balanced diet is the ultimate requirement for staying healthy, and one way - rather the only way - in which this can be managed, is by home cooking. There are plenty of home cooking recipes, and easy recipes at that, which make the dlshes tasty and provide the

necessary nutrition. Tasty dishes are the best way to make mealtimes a pleasure, and perfect mealtimes in which everyone join, are the best way to make family members bond together. In short, home cooked food and the dinner table can become the factor

that knits the family together.

Dieticians and nutrition experts strongly recommend home cooking. While medical expertise itself endorses the need for home cooked food, simple layman's wisdom is sufficient to understand the importance of cooking at home with recipes that ensure a balanced intake of food. People in developing countries rely less on fast food chains for subsistence, and most of the households in these countries have hundreds of recipes that have been handed down through generations. These are time tested and oroven.

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All the fat from the cheese and chips that fast food chains give, nesfle in your body and most of it is seen deposited around the midriff. These fats live in the place of the essential nutrients

that home cooking might have provided. From a theoretical point of view, everyone agrees that fast food delicacies are deadly concoctions that their bodies do not need. eeople do grow nostalgic now and then about home cooking recipes and smells that wafted from grandmother's kitchen, but somehow they go back to their fast food eateries, like an addict

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A. are z' B. shc- :

D. she had plenty of career choice

10. Her current job as a Support Clerk A. bores her to death B. gives her the opportunity to further develop her abilities C. keeps her tied to the office D. enables her to travel to different places

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

7. People in developing countries A. depend on fast food for subsistence. B. cook traditional dishes. C. eat less diary products. D. use exotic spices and herbs. 8. Easy recipes A. stimulate people's interest in home cooked food. B. are hard to find on the internet. C. are simple to make. D. entice your taste buds.

9. Inexperienced cooks A. are afraid of laborious recioes.

B. need training.

C. easily get overwhelmed. D. have fun in the kitchen. 10. One can make meals attractive bv

A. decorating the table. B. cooking glamorous recipes.

C. serving exotic dishes. D. adding variety to one's cooking. 14' Read the text berow. For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B, c or D) which you think fits best according to the text. write your answeo on you,. exam sheet. custom wristbands in recent years have become one of the most popurar ways for schools to raise money. Bands, sports teams, drama clubs and other activities are increasingly

turning to custom wristbands to raise funds for trips, new equipment

uniforms and other needs.

some things about custom wristbands are self-evident. proper custom wristbands are created from ',l00% medical-grade silicone, are low-cost, are available in multiple styles and colors and can be resold at a high per_unit profit margin. custom wristbands are easy to seil, easy to buy, easy to wear. They appear to schoor spirit and foster a natural sense of belonging. These ittributes are part of what makes custom wristbands such a popular fund-riising item. In just the last six years, custom wristbands have become a pop curture phenomenon around the worrd, and no wonder. They're a great way-have to show support for a cause, demonstrate schoor pride or team spirit, or even just to fun.

Many nonprofit organizations and political causes have adopted custom wristbands, to demonstrate awareness of an issue, to raise needed funds, or both. The simpre custom wristband quietly makes a statement, with no need the wearer to elaborate any further.

Cyclist Lance Armstrong kicked off

the custom wristband craze in 2004 with the introduction of the "Livestrong" wristband. The yellow custom wristband bearing the word Livestrong quickly raised both awareness of cin"er" and millions of oott"r, for research. The custom wristband also quickly became an international fashion fad for both children and adults. 90

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7. Schools A. banned custom wristbands. B. expelled students for wearing wristbands. C. called for the withdrawal of wristbanos. D. allowed students to wear wristbands.

doesn't mea- :=

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10. Custom wristbands A. boost oride.

Obesity and smoking may be the most conspicuous causes of illness in this country, but physical factors don't account for everything. Your psychology your - namely, personality and outlook on life can be just as important to your well-being as exercising - these days, with the world's economy tumbling and eating right. And especially toward a depression, it's a good time to prevent yourself from slipping into one too. An entire science has grown up around the perils of negative ihinking (as well as the power of positive psychology), and the latest findings confirm that a pessimistic outlook not only kindles anxiety, which can put people at risk for chronic mental illnesses like depression, but may also cause early death and set people up for a number of physical ailments, ranging from the common cold to heart disease and immune disorders. Optimism, meanwhile, is associated with a happier and longer life. Over the course of a recent eight-year study, University of Pittsburgh researchers found that optimistic women outlived dour ones. Which may be good news for the motivational gurus out there, but what about the rest of us who aren't always so chipper? Are we destined for sickness and failure? Or is it possible to master the principles of positivity the same way we might learn a new hobby or follow a recipe? The answer from the experts seems to be yes. But it does take effort. Seeing the sunny side doesn't come easily. Most people would define optimism as being eternally hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass that's perpetually half full. But that's exactly the kind of deluded cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn't recommend. "Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality," says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor who taught

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Frepare yourself for the BAC exam

5. Experts say that positivity A. is a new hobby which should be taught. B. is similar to a new hobby, in terms oilearning. C. is the only way to avoid sickness and failure. D. means we should all have a positrve ouilook. 6. A positive ouflook

5. A ("Regisnra

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t

pregsctt

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8. C ("Marsh a 9. A("But cerr its strrff. I

B. can be achieved efforflesslv. C. helps you to see the sun. D. rneans an easy life.

10. B

A("Lotsdl 2. B ('Ttuea 3. B 1'66 5 1.

torffi

8. Ben-Shahar's optimalist exercises incluoe A. ignoring the failure. B. denying bad results. C. coping with side effects. D. analysing the failure.

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9. Martin Seligman used to be content when he could A. get.rid of depressed anxious patients. B. make patients become ,uJJ"r. C. be prouder of his accomptisnmenls. "u"n D. help patients overcome negative feelings.

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A. always see the glass hali full. B. take advantage of things as they come. C. expect only good things to happen in life. D. ignore everything thaimay o..lr.

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9' B ("its name inspired by the balsa raft Kon-Tiki that was built and sailed pacific in 1947 by across the the Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdahl,,)

10' A ("the 20-metre catamaran has cost several miilion dolrars to construct and has taken three years to reach its current design.,,)

Ea.

funCi,cn

1' B (""'a uniquery British form of crassicar music concerts.,')

2' c ("These concerts would, Newman.hoped, educate the peopte about classical music and hopefully make it more popular.;; 3' c (' "a large part of the seating area had no seats and so the patrons had to stand during the performances.) 4' B ("Newman and wood wanted to kgeR.the atmosphere.as informar as possibre, although customers were asked

not to strike matches Juring vocal performances.,,) 5' A ("There is at least one Prom concert every evening, and a rarge number of these are preceded by a pre_prom talk.,,) 6' c ("Each Prom season now has themes, and the works reflect one of the themes.,,) 7' B ("The performance is still a mix of old and new and inctuoes music, ' conductors, performers and orchestras from around tne wortO.;,f 8' B ("" 'the highlight of the Proms season is The Last Night of the proms.,,) 9' D ("Throughout ail of this the prommers wiil,rousingry sing arong, bob up and down rn time with the music and join in with whisfles anjf,ooie,rsf ,,l to o,j,'lji"X:'i.; t'nnt and an amazing atmosphere! you reauy need to

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be considered the unforsettabre ,,Queen,,amonsst

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of archaeolosy and antiquities was estabtished by an

3' B ("home of approximatery seven mirion objects from a, continents,,) 4. C ("Located

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

got a call the next day informing me that I got the job - I was elated!") elated = v€fY haPPY bewilderment = confusion, surprise 6. A ("1 opened my envelope, read it and was baffled. 'Vetting Unit'was underlined in bold.") to baffle = to take by surprise 7. C ("Working within the unit gave me a broader insight into both people") 8. A ("mundane tasks such as filing and data entry, but you soon realise that it needs to be done in order for the rest of the team to function.") g. D ('At the end of my tour I had many paths I could choose from in order to further my career.") 10. B ("My workload is varied and I am constantly kept on my toes, with the prospect of 5. D

("1

travelling with the Foreign Secretary in the future. This role will enable me to develop a greater understanding about the foreign policy issues the office faces")

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1. C ("These fats live in the place of the essential nutrients that home cooking might have

provided.") 2. D ("From a theoretical point of view, everyone agrees that fast food delicacies are deadly concoctions that their bodies do not need.") concoction = combination 3. B ("People have to be de-addicted from it, and giving them free recipes is one way of attracting people back to cooking wholesome food at home.")

z.= A.

4. B ("A balanced diet is the ultimate requirement for staying healthy, and one way rather the only way - in which this can be managed, is by home cooking.") ("ln short, home cooked food and the dinner table can become the factor that knits 5. C the family together.") 6. A ("Dieticians and nutrition experts strongly recommend home cooking'") 7. B ("People in developing countries rely less on fast food chains for subsistence, and most of the households in these countries have hundreds of recipes that have been handed down through generations. These are time tested and proven, with unchallengeable nutritive values and taste.") 8. A ("Nothing will help this interest and care better than easy recipes.") this interest = the people have in cooking 9. A ("There are plenty of tasty and free recipes which may have a rather long preparation time and may require too much of labor. While these have their charm, they may frighten off the beginners, and make them indifferent to cooking.") 10. D ('While making the food simple, try to change the recipes, so that there is some

variety. Somehow or other make the mealtimes attractive so that the family is attracted less and less to the junk food that goes by the name fast food.")

8't+. 1.A(paragraphl) 2. B ("proper custom wristbands are created from 100% medical-grade silicone") 3. C ("Many non-profit organizations and political causes have adopted custom wristbands, to demonstrate awareness of an issue, to raise needed funds, or both.") 4. D ("Cyclist Lance Armstrong kicked off the custom wristband craze in 2004...") to kick off = to start craze = fad, fashion

100

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Et.

WRITING - Subiecte tip 1 (nivel A1'A2)

To,

1. You have just witnessed an accident and you feel like talking to someone about this terrible experience. Write your best friend an email of B0-100 words, explaining what

From:

Subjecl

happened and asking for his help to get over it. 2. You have just returned home after being caught by a powerful storm. Write your best friend an email of B0-100 words, explaining what happened and your impressions. 3. While being on holiday you have experienced an extremely unexpected meeting and you

are still under its strong impression. Write your bestfriend an email of B0-100 words, telling him/ her what happened and asking for an opinion about the way you should handled it.

I

4. Write a short narrative about the way you discovered the character of one of your friends. Write your answer in B0-',|00 words. 5. The student club you attend is organising an event to which you would like to invite the oarents of all the members. Write the letter in about 100 words'

l.

6. Write a short letter to your best friend to send him/her news about a great achievement

of yours. Write your answer in B0-100 words.

7. You have just won two tickets to spend a weekend at the seaside. Write your best friend an email of 80-100 words, to invite him/ her to come with you. 8. You have to take an important decision.Write a short letter to your pen pal asking him/ her for some advice on the matter. Write your answer in 80-'100 words.

9. You are ready to spend a weeklong holiday in another country and you need your best friend to help you take care of your pet. Write a B0-100 word - email to ask for his help and give the necessary directions on how io take care of your pet. 10. Your best friend has asked you to give him/ her some advice related to a diet problem

and you decided to send your answer in a short e-mail. Write your answer in 80-100

wor0s. 11. Write an email to your best friend to inform him/ her about your plans for this holiday

and ask him/ her if it is possible to join you. Use no more than 100 words.

l?-^1

12. Write a short narrative about a situation that seemed dangerous, but eventually turned into a funny one. Write your answer in 80-100 words. 13. Wriie a short letter to your friend asking for his/ her advice on how to convince your

parents to let you go on a trip to the mountains scheduled for the beginning of the holiday. Write your answer in 80-100 words. 14. The editor of your school magazine has asked you to write an article about a time

when you failed and what you have learned from that experience. Write an article of about 100 words. 15. Your parents have just surprised to help you by offering to arrange your own room, the way you like it. Write your best friend an email of 80-'100 words, describing your new room and inviting him.

142

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Prepare vourself for the BAC exam

Be.

E+. The blessing of true friendship It was September in a new school for me. My previous classmates had been extremely

friendly and I was aware that I had been very lucky so far. Unfortunately, my parents decided to move to another town and I had to leave, too. While walking nervously in the early autumn morning, one of my friends from the other school joined me. He was so far from his house! He said he knew how difficult some beginnings could be and that it would nice to make me feel like I was not alone. How easy can all hardhips become with friends like him around!

I hoPe been

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trl

s.

Dear Mr. and Mrs. Toma, am writing this letter to invite you to the exhibition "The Future in Our Eyes", displaying the paintings of the members of our Art Club. I

The event will take place in the main halt of our high school, on October the 5th, from 10 a.m. until 7 p.m. The paintings show different outlooks for student life and the guests can talk with the artists in a small coffee room. We would be honoured if you could come and we look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, George Adam, Art Club representative

Et To:

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Dear Michael,

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Y

How have you been doing? And what about the projects you had in mind the last time we talked? As for me, I am writing now to share with you the great joy that I'm feeling. l've received the results for the Cambridge test that I sat in March and I've passed it with Al I am so happy that all the effort has paid off!

Now I can come to visit you because I feel I deserve a little holiday before the school exams session comes up. What do you think? Waiting for your answer, Your best friend. George

Ez.

Hello, Jeremy! How are things going? | hope everything's OK because I have great news: I've just won two tickets at the prize draw promoting the new chocolate wafers! They are for a 3-day stay at the seaside. Will you come with me next weekend to Mamaia, at the Park Hotel?l

can't think of anybody else because you are my best friend and you are to stay in Romania for only two months! Please let me know if you can come asap, because I have to send them the name of the person l'll bring along in two days' time. Yours, Mike

104

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E

TO: [email protected] From: [email protected]

t+.

Subject: invitation to the world

lwas

Dearest Sorana,

challenged accepted ih

How are things going? lf everything is fine, I have an extraordinary invitation for you. My parents are having a tour of Europe's most famous cities this summer and they asked me if I wanted to take any of my friends with me... and l'd really like you to come.

It was

15. fu

foois

Second 5. I because fii asked him I

lmagine: Paris, Venice, Geneve, these are just some of the places we'll be visiting because there are many more on their wishlist. What do you say? Can you come with me? Please, talk to your parents and call me! lf there's no problem, they'll have to talk to mine

afterwards. Hugs,

trl ts.

To: From: Subjecu

Jenny

Hey.

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The soap opera that saved my day

It's been m It was long after midnight. I was coming back from a Saturday night party, scared at the

thought of my mum getting upset with me because of the late hour. She had been always very strict about me coming home before 10 o'clock, but I totally forgot about it with all the music and my friends' jokes around. I entered as silently as I could, but to my terrible surprise my mother was in the living room, watching her favourite TV series. I froze in the doorway. But she turned her eyes shining brightly to me and said: "cassandra finally married Robertol".

E

rs. My dear Jane,

How are you? | really need your help with some advice. It's about asking my parents for permission to Eo on a trip to Bugteni with my classmates, at the beginning of the winter holiday. They are definitely against it and I know that weather may be a problem, but we'll travel by train and we have where to stay if needed. So, how to convince them that l'll stay out of trouble? I have to admit that no teacher comes along because it's our arrangement only. Maybe you have some ideas because, seemingly, everything pleads against my ptan. Love.

Johanna

106

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ceiling. Trx georn€rnca I can hardF

Yours. Susan

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WRITING

-

Subiecte tip 2 (nivet B1-B2)

1. Write an opinion essay in response to the following statemen t:

Art does not reproduce what is visible; it makes things visible. write your essay in 180-200 words. 2. Write a "for-and-against" essay of about 200 words on the following topic: Competitive games are good for children. 3. Write an argumentative essay in response to the following statemen t:

deal of courage to stand up to your enemies, but even more friends. Write your answer in 180-200 woros.

to

lt takes a great stand up to-your

4' Your school magazine organises an article competition entiiled: What is Friendship? Write your article in 180-200 words.

True

5" Your school organises a competition for articles entitled Do We Reattv Need Adveriising? Write your answer in 180-200 words.

6. Write an opinion essay in response to the following statement: Modern technology is not always what we desire it to be, write your answer in i g0-200 words.

7. As your lT club representative, you decided to write a formal letter to one of the companies that may sponsor your activity to ask for information related to their offer. Write your answer in '180-200 words.

8. Write an opinion essay in response to the following statement: The highest resutt of education is tolerance. Write your answer in 180-200 words.

9. The editor of your school magazine has asked you to write an article about how fashion is generally perceived by teenagers. Write your answer in 180-200 words. 10. Write an argumentative essay in response to the following statement: The voting age should be raised to twenty. write your answer in 1g0-200 words. 11. As part of a school project, you are asked to write a for-and-against essay on shopping. Write your answer in 180-200 words. 12. Write an argumentative essay in response to the following statemen

gap cannot be bridged. Write your answer in 1g0_200 words.

t: The generation

13. Write an opinion essay of about 200 words on the following topic: Viotence against

nature is a crime against humanity.

14' Your school organised an opinion essay competition on topics of great importance for teenagers, and you decided to write about hobbies. Write your answer in 1g0-200 words. 15" Wriie an argumentative essay in response to the following statemen

t: young peopte

today dct not use their free time wisety. write your answer in 1g0-200 words.

108

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considering the value and scarcity of true friendship, it is understandable why people

are doing everything in their power to fight for it when they think they have found it. Unfortunatery, in so doing they may forget who they reaily are because they are

t^

to stand up to your friends than to your enemies: fighting your enemy will bring yoLiappreciaiion,

Nl- , _ L\- " = -

continuously trying to be liked. This is why it takes a greater deal of courage

while trying to convince your friends about.something they ctearty are against will put you in a bad light and you may end up losing tnem.

In my opinion, standing up to your friends requires not onry courage, but arso wisdom, patience and the clear knowledge of what true friends are.

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E+. What is True Friendship? How often have you felt betrayed, misunderstood and wishing you had a irue friend? lf the answer is a number bigger than one, did you try to figure Jui*n"t had gone wrong? A true friend is one who always stands by your side in both good times and bad times. Othen,rise, no matter the feelings involved, the relationsnip ,,iilt coltapse awfully soon, Another valuable quaiity is the frierrd's power of understanding ano accepting you the way you are None of us is perfect that's why a friend sometimes needs to understand you and your probiems, even when you yourself can,t do it, and what,s more, a true friend must accept you the way you are. But perhaps the greatest and the most difficult quality to find in a friend is their capacity of never giving up on you and on the hope that you'il change for the better someday. Accepting you as you are shourdn't impry not trying to herp you see your mistakes and improving in every way we need. only in a real fiiendship .rn on" find so much care and patience, which is what makes it so rarel My conclusion: if you ever find true friendship, fight for it and learn

from

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Es. Do We Really Need Advertising?

cne modern saying so often quoted

-

as if it seems io appry to armost everything nowadays - is "Fool me once, and it is on you, fool me twice andit gets on me,,. lsn,t this the case of adverlising, too? The main purpose of an advertisement is to inform the public about the new products on the market and everyone needs that information. How can you make a choice when you know virtualiy nothing about the items on sale? so, an ad wourd herp you figure out whether you should buy product y or product X. No matter how relevant this may sound, a problem arises: can you trust this information? In a world market with so many brancls oi det"rg"nt, perfume, diapers and so on, how can you believe that only the advertised productJare good f or you? Either the others are

so good that they do not need to be advertised or they don,i have enough funding to

afford promotion"

tn my opinion, only by trying out various products can we actually form a just opinion about any of them. Advertising should fool us only once. That's wny, no matter how stressful, silly or inviting an ad can be, getting foored twice becomes our probrem.

110

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8a. In a worrd where randing a job is not as easy

as

,,A,

B, c,'ano success is everybody.s goar, education has become more and more,importani a, peopre rearised it can herp them become more competitive. Unfortunately, not many people highest resurt of education is torerance towirds p;p6-urlrnounderstand that tne us, no matter tne competition involveo.

one reason why tolerance is disregarded, is that people learn to fight since an early aqe: fight for their toys, for people's attintion, against the bulies in tnE ,ti""t, ;i;.;iiil*"g. some parents teach their children to shareiheir possessio"., tn"r" Jr"" #.'u"riiro do not do it, but on the contrary. rt takes rong ano "r" manlv"rl"oi parents both and chirdren, to understand thaino matteriowitiong"or*[", r"ip3"pi", you may be at some moment, only the power of patience and toleranc" .un oring e*ternat and inner peace.

Another reason is people's general opinion that they are better than the others around. Aqain it is only education that can make people understand that our personal value should not mlke us judge and hurt the others, as everybody is vatuanie ano in their own way, So, true education is seeing that people can co_extst peacefully. "Iir#oinary

8s. Fashion and Us Have you ever wondered what fashion really looks like? | think that it resembles procust, the monster who tried to make everyone fit the sizes or rris ueo, oisregaroing their beauty. I'm afraid that no matter how good-rooking some peopre are, they wiil never have a high opinion of themserves withoui a fashiona"bre outfit on. Don,t you

agree? And it was not me or you who imposed it on.the "r';;;;;;iIs already trouorlo soul of the teenager, but the millions of posiers, ads and teen models around. No sane human b",l-g,!?.,.romelhing against beauty, but rthink that it,s madness to spend the never returning time of you:r tiie and the money needed to build a future on false images and foreveielusive dreams. Personatty, tioi"'ilirri"nds so much that it hurts me to see both girrs and boys mesmerised [v"rvlo o'. in a shop window with the latest models of extravagant"iii", items. nno att these while both mv .outrageousty friends and people the behind t6e rasnion inousiry My creed: we are so much more than fashion!

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voting is maybe the most important feature of a democratic society and the one that can show the degree of civiiisation and wisdom of a nation. TrLis'is why the etectoratJ definitely needs a set of skills in order to use this right for the reat benefit

of everybody, skills that cannot be acquired easily. on the one hand, it wourd be a good idea forthe.voting age to be raised to twenty as young people need maturity, care and knowledge in ordir i'., uot" In a responsible way. what usually happens when a person comes of ige ir onrv tn" i"v particular freedom of doing whatever they want' lt is difficult to see " rebellious young such a frenetic "tand person really interested in the fate of the nation.

on the other hand, not all the young people lack the maturity and sense of responsibility needed for voting' The young population isiot that numerous nowadays, so it woutd not be a good idea to raise the voting age to twenty, because the number of young voters would diminish.

I"r?H,!;::, 112

the votins ase depends solely on how mature and wise the young

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1

1. Answer the following question: Who do you ask for help when you are in irouble? 2. Answer the following question: ls shopping online risky? Why (not)? 3. Answer the following question: What aspects of our present life do you think will be remembered in 100 years? 4. Answer the following question: Do you think your parents understand you? 5. Answer the following question: How many cousins have you got? 6. Answer the following question: How do you think you will use your English in the future? 7. Answer the following question: Do you have free time during the day? 8. Answer the following question: Do you think that reading essential books

in our

childhood can influence our future? 9. Answer the following question: How many meals a day do you think we should eat? 10. Answer the following question: Are clothes and fashion important to you? Why/ Why not? 11. Answer the following question: lf you were a journalist,

what kind of things would

you write about? Why? 12. Answer the following question: Are you a determined person? 13. Answer the following question: Think of a new hobby that you would like to try. 14. Answer the following question: Do you think that online social networks influence

people's behaviour?

15. Answer the following question:Are you a superstitious person? Why?/ Why not?

?

Folr-ow-uP ouESTIoNS 1. Do you ofien get into trouble? Which was the most troubling experience of yours? 2. In what conditions should we do our shopping online? What advice would you give to those who haven't yet done shopping online? 3. What would you like to be remembered for? How can we find out the most accurately how people lived in a specific period of time?

4. Do you reproach yourself anything in your relationship with your parents? What is the most important thing you would like your own child to know? 5. ls it better to have a large family or not? Why/ Why not? On what occasions does your entire family get together? 6. What do you like most about learning English? Do you think that English will remain an international language in the next 50 years?

7. Do you think there is no stress during the holiday? lf vou had more free time, what would vou do?

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9.

Suggested answer a: As far as I remember from the articles I've read on this issue, you should have three main mears every day an!1rstiil hungry, you can have a snack around 11 a.m. ano maybe another one around 5 p.m. Suggested answer b: In my opinion, everyone should try to have at least one meal everyday and they should find out what is the best for them. I mean,.l know people *no .unnot feel right without their breakfast, but there are also others who always rlip it they are alright as well. But at least one meal is compulsory for each "no of us.

10. Suggested answer a: Yes they are, because I've noticed that you are judged by the outfit you,re wearing. lt has nappened to me severar times to be somehow_ iiotated by the others during a parry Decause they said I was not properly dressed. so, l,m trying to keep up with the latest trends, but without spending too much on crothes. -tust eno;gh to fit in. Suggested answer b: No' they aren't' I think that clothes matter only for your comfort, but nothing more than this People make too much fuss about image, style, brands and other things like these. we should care more about our real selves, not appearances. As for fashion, it changes so often that it's clearly a kind of manipulation, because fashion companies and design houses just want us to buy their products again and again. 11. Suggested answer a: lf I were a journalist, I would definitely like to travel and to write about those extraordinary a.nd special things and praces that onry in some parts of the grobe can be found. Unfortunately, I am not very talented at writing and narrating, buil would really love to see those places, to go through new experiences and then to be aole to share with them to the world' This is actually my constant thought while watching Animal planet or Discovery channel: how must these people oe reeting in the middle of such wonderfu. and exciting life events?

Suggested answer b: well' this topic suits me perfectly because I do want to become a journalist some day. At least as a part{ime job if

I can'i make a living out of it. And I woutd be clearly interested in normal peopre. I mean, everybody writes about famous peopte, poriticians, inventors, scientists' but there are very few articles and materiars about the iire of ordinary people. I once heard someone saying that he already knew what norr"t life meant because he was just an ordinary guy, but I don't agree with his idea;"what I have personaily seen is that what we cail "normar rife" and ,hormar peopre,, are actuaily a wide range of categories of people and lifestyles. I think that writing about them woutd mean a large number of lessons and inspiring ideas for many of us.

12. Suggested answer a: Yes, I'm sure I am because I arways pursue my dreams and never give up when I reaily want something' l've always seen it as a quality, but I think that there may situations when I should change my mind.

119

't

ii

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

Suggested answer b:

rll desl1e a certain thins reaily badry, I try to H?j;j obtain it, but if it's too io"r'J""ff'Jsay l'm not so determined in these situations, but I believe that what's minl will come to me sooner or later... one way or another. And so, I don't bother. "";;tr;lly

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13. Suggested answer a:

oh, there are actuaily a rot of new things I wourd rike to tryr For exampre, frying a prane, bungee-jumping or white-water rafting. I know they may sound extreme, but this is what appeals to me. of course there are a lot of risks, but what is life without a orop or adrenaline? Suggested answer b: Even if I am a person who likes stable, clear things and who likes to always be in control, I would like to try horse riding. l've heard that ihe relationship between a man and a horse is special and I'm very curious if I could build such a connection, based on r."rp""t and communication with an animal. lt may be difficult at first, but I think it wirr oerinitery pay off in the end.

14. Suggested answer a: Yes, they definitely do' no matter if the people involved realise this or not. And it is not necessarily

the tech appeal of the internet, but the smell of popularity. lt is

already commonplace that teenagers are difficult p_eople, who are longing for recognition and attention - no matter what. lmagine what effect can several "Liki" messages have on a lonely or shy person? He or she who was almost nobody in inlir class and suddenly one of their pictures is appreciated? lt's like a sudden come back to lifel And there are people who would do anything for it, forgetting that all of these are only part of the virtual reality and very few people will rememberlhem in real riie, in the middle of a real community' And so the users' behaviour will definitely change:'for the better maybe, but mostly for the worse.

Suggested answer b: well, I think it depends a rot on the kind of person the user is. I personaly have been using Facebook for a year now and I don't see myserf changed by it. t use

it to get in touch with people I haven't seen for years and I am also interested in what evenis my friends take part into, what music they listen to, what good movies and good books they have found. But I don'tconsider myserf more popurar or more inteiligent or, I don,t know, better from any point of view just because I receive ,,Like,, a roi,l pi.tures or my posts. It would be stupid of me to varue myserf according to that. t mlan, I personaily give "Likes" to many people just to make thlm feel better, but this doesnlt mean I pay attention to all their stuff.

120--

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:q Jo/'^sue palse66ng 'e:ou.r{ue oul o} osuas ou oleul 1eq1 salduexa allle Jo suo} aJe aioq} puy 4luar-ulurodde luepodLur uB JoJ olel {pealle ule I pue snq Au lsue unJ o} o^eq I Jl }eq/v\ }nq :}m lcelq B JoAo elqurnls nor{ 1r >1;em lno{ anut}uoc },uop Jo iAene uole} aq o1 oullrem lo}}tl Jo llnj seM osnoq oLll pue {ueduuoc lo {yed e Ourneq se/v\ I }t }eql^ }nq - }osuns tege e6eqteb aq1 lno olel ],uop :llnc4Jtp e1;; {Lu oleu ol pesn {eq1 se I1;ercedsa ,seopr osaLlt Jo oO 1a; o1 poprcap I pue suotltls:edns s,a;doad purqeq suoseoJ aql Jo oruos puelsJopun ol pouels el,l orxrl ur 1nq 'leOuno{ sem uoq^ oq o} pesn 'e:ouIue }ou }seal }e ,}ou tle I ,oN I 1 :e Jolrlsue palse66ng 'gg wexa CVg aqy rc1 llastnol etedat4

Prepare Yoursetf for the BAC exarn

SPEAKING

-

Subiecte tiP

2

person. Describe a typicar day of your life. 1. rmagine you are a famous make a good mayor' 2. Speak about the qualities that never forget' 3. Speak about an event you will where everything went wrong' 4. Talk about a birthday celebration do if you had a dollars' 5. Speak about wnat you would language has on communication. 6. soeak about the effect that body of the year' 7. Describe your favourite month present you received' 8. Talk about a special birthday 9. Describe Your ideal home' you had to tell a lie' 10. Talk about a situation when made you laugh' 11. Describe an experience which

world. made you appreciate the natural 12. Describe an experience that you had to apologize' 13. Talk about a situation when pastime' 14. Speak about your favourite Describe what you see' 15. lmagine you are at the airport'

g

Follow'uP QUEsrloNS famous in your life? 1. Would you like to have somebody plrron if you had the opportunity to? what questron *iJ fou urk f,i. tu*our their goal? to become a good mayor do to achieve 2. What should anyone intending ls it easY to find a good maYor? memory?

this 3. What do you like best about things on purpose? forget also people Do you think party was a real success? 4. When can you say that a

events planning? Are you lnterested in a career in won in lotteries or from gambling? 5. What do you think about money Can moneY change a Person? person is happy/ sad/ sleepy/ bored? 6. How do you know when a body language? How can you misinterp'"i"o*"one's country's climate? 7. What's your oprnion about our between weather and your mood? Do you think tnere is any connection Why? 8. Do you prefer giving or receiving.presents? gift? Have you *u"r "r"-used" a received your dreams nowadays? 9. ls it possible to build the house of "There is no place like home"? saying the What's your. ofnion about

122

P"Pu'u Yourt'tf fo'fr"

BA

think of tiars? 10. What do You

'"'

nru

*r"t" li"" u"""Ptable?

11. How impo.tant

is1]rt;ffJiil,"r1il,iil'ff:'l:.at

such an idea? do vou think about

somedoctorsspeaKu"*l:;:^^..''*""'"aboutthenaturalenvironment?

.,

w:lfiwlili5

;"Jl:,:::l'

:fl'1[LilUi'g'"*'

"5iilffi':s$?i]:-':.?J|H:fi take 14. when did You ls it easY for You

,,,

$

ifl:1:.:"t'JiT;l

f iJ:""'Jfi ;sorry"? nooou or vours? the rirst time? in an airport ror

W:xlJT:ffi:ti:m:r:,:r*neini SucoesrED

ln the a fashion model' uld like to be famous,.,..

ANSWERS

rvirirtilJ""ffi':ffi [il[+]$iti?iplill$:'.1;":g:".':$1i'"i :.:';m;::JJiFH"dil;o1iiliIS;:'"{'I+frip;TU"ilf ;::fl &TlH :n-nl'ru1*i:1ilfi-fi ;?"fi #"i[r*:rnl**fi ilf #ff tt[:i:"{{1* g'i I *'3:l :T"::"Ttr[ilr ilx lt']Jtr :: :;'"1;;"1 aga at five o'clock

-

up next day l'll ware

it shourd be so 2. r don't think

dirricu*rffilil:";:,:"i"L1t?'#ii:l!?i:i:ttlt"""";

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anr

rowadaYS' nowadaYS'

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r such a sarden

*T6*

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

4' I am

usually very good at organising events,

but I cannot be right all the time, especially as people are so unpredictablJsometimes. rnisis what happened two years ago, when I cerebrated my baby sister's.15h unniu"r""ry. eierytning went wrong, I mean: everythingrAt first, it was the weather, it changed in and we had to move the party inside' Just when we had finished re-arranging"'recono the tables, the phones started to ring: almost half of the guests announced tney couion't come anymore on account of the storm' Then, it was my sister; she got so depressed in fear that people wouldn,t come that she didn't want to party anymorJwith the guests wrro rrao already arrived and she stayed in her room crying' I ended up entertaining all of the guests myself because my mother went to confort her and my faiher left to wa'ich trre iootoatt match at a neighbour,s house, saying that,he had had enougn of peopre,s moods. r promised myserf never to overrook the weather forecait again when "h;;g;; havirig J purty in mind! 5. A miilion doilars is a great amount of

but when you start using it, r,m sure it wirl eventuaily dry up. over a ronger period.m9nev, of time, r ,.""r,on,'ort |d be the same person as before, anyway. so, this is wny,'if I had it, r,d try to rreip r"ny peopre as rcourd, because afterwards at least l'd experience "r so, l,d buy a car for my a sense of fulfilment. sister who has two children and who has a lot of problems taking them to kindergarten and going to her job; r'd pay the coilege fees forcor" oi ,v'irienos.. . of course, r,d use a part of it for my college fees, too; I'd pay for the treatmentinat my grandma needs and l'd definitely travel to Greece and ltaly at teast once.

6' well, I can say that body language is extremely important for communication. And l,m so sure about it' not only because of the huge number of books published on this topic, but based on my own life experience. I am the suspicious type and I don,t trust people easily, so even from the beginning of a conversation I pay a loiof attention to my interlocutor: the way they speak, they move, eye contact, intonation, and so on-Rno l,ve come to notice that all those who proved to be deceitful in the end, would show it at some point through booy ranguage even from the beginning: they never seemed too crose, arways ready to move away' alert and tense even while discussing easy matters. And so I began to make my own list with the signs that I read in people and in order to check if I am right. I guess it would be easier for me to start reading those books on the topic, but deep inside I am convinced that nothing can be more powerful than personal experience.

7' My favourite month is December. I love winter very much with its surrounding white landscape and the icicles hanging

down the branches of trees or off the walls. I have to ih" christmas celebration. tne rirst malor loy of the school year and I guess that the feering wiil stay with me even after graduation.

admit that I love it also because of the winter holiday uno Ever since I becamee pupil, this holiday has been

8' A special birthday present that l'll definitely never forget is tne one I got for my lgth birthday: a car' I worked a lot to get my driving licence, drt r huo never thought I would have a car of my own before t ari twenty. I know how expensive cars are and we have a lot of problems with money, and in the best case scenario I would have pictured myself behind my father's car wheer. But I have never imagined that my mother,s sister, the aunt who lives in Norway and has no children of rrer"own, *irr-oo such a thing for me. Apparently she talked to my parents two years ago and they a1 decided it to be the present for my coming of age. I still can't believe r1i"y". holsters that used to be heis. rt rooks great in ry j"rting

-*1r4*

irsine blue Volvo with silver

roi, vou can imagine!

9. My ideal l'd like to ha house shoul the courtyarr to grow wha fully equippe

I mean a c( running watr world.

10. Well, per

games in

r:rr

ninth grade.

myself sever had noticed: never figure almost none

As I didn't kr

want the othr day, one day I can't tell yo bite and starl

all over the

1

and his appe

I didn't tell

a

discussed at sandwiches without lying

11. Well, wh; even if it's nc desk mate dr

The teacher I on the floor s

test began.

My desk matr

if she someti heeled sandz

other way to r the pages wit when the tea totally forgottr

took the test she accidentr rows of deskl herself quite might want to ano gave me

1

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]nq 'ctdo] si ur,l

puv'uo

pue speau asn p,l 'esrr ue;:e6.tapul:

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1;es{Lu pesru

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JO

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1

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s:eeI onnl pe 'or.ut] orl] lle

Prepare yourself for the BAC exam I don't think the teacher had suspected anything because nothing was said and my deskmate actually got a very good mark as far as I remember, but from that day on I would call her "the monkey girl" because she was so good at grasping things with her toes!

12. One of the moments when I realised how important nature really is, was two years ago in the Bucegi mountains. I have to admit I am not the romantic type and although I had travelled a lot until then, I had never had the time to admire the landscape; I was only having fun with my friends or I was busy to compete with my brother... you know, who climbed faster or who was better at a game. But two years ago it was different. lt was the first time I was climbing the mountain all by myself, because my girlfriend had left me a week before. I can't tell vou how much that mountain helped me then! At the beginning, I only wanted to be away from everything and everybody, especially as we had been together for more than a year and all of my friends were hers, too. And so I decided to take my gear and go up the mountain. I hadn't noticed most of the path, I was just walking along the old trail, when I suddenly stopped and looked around. All that silence, the air, the green, even the old path, made me realize that there is more to life than crying over lost relationships. And nature was just there to remind me that! lt was an extraordinary experience and I came back home healed. I realized that life could be

so beautiful in even its tiniest pieces and that I should try to enjoy it as much as possible... feeling blue was definitely not the way to do it. I still do a lot of climbing and I still remember that feeling.

15. Going through an time. Not to mention wrong for one reasor of the main lobby wt

time comes, that is

invited to check in

sometimes even op{ flights can be delaye

you're on your way

1

duty-free shops and

SPEAKING

-

Sub

1. Express your opit

determined by the cc your ideas.

2. Express your opl learning without libt support your ideas.

3. Express your opit what they grow up tt

13. Unfortunately, I have had too many situations in my life in which I had to apologize for one bad thing or another, but I choose to talk about a funny incident. lt is related to my mom and her attempts to make a tidy person out of me. I have to admit that I am extremely untidy and my mother always shouted at me to clean my room and arrange my clothes in the closet, but most of the time I just ignored her pestering. I have never realized how annoying all this must have been for her. Until one day when my mom arrived home very upset from her job and when she entered my room and saw the mess inside couldn't bear it anymore and took all the clothes piled on my computer keyboard and the rest of my desk and just threw them out of the window! I couldn't believe my eyes! | immediately ran downstairs to pick them up, but not all of ihem had got on the ground: a lot had remained clinging on the branches of trees in front of my block. I managed to take them out of there by borrowing a fishing rod from my girlfriend's father, but I had to stay at my window "fishing" them one by one while my friends, my girlfriend and the neighbours ... at their windows ... were making fun of me and were giving me "directions" on how to catch my "fish". When she came home, I apologized for all times I ignored her words and promised I'd change. I can't say I have become a very tidy person, but I never mess around in front of my mom now! Actually, I think that situation was the last time we had any argument whatsoever.

4. Express your opin arguments and exar

!.rrlv passion is my guitar. Playing it, learning more songs and more rhythms is my favourite pastime. lt both relaxes me and gives me a special sense of happiness and usefulness. lt also brightens my day when I feel lonely or blue; my guitar seems to understand me much better than some of my friends. Let alone the joy my playing it

experiences life offet

5. Express your

op

something to do, sor and examples to sul

6. Express your opir

taken by their paren 7. Argue for or again

respect as humans.

8. Express your op relevant arguments

9. Express your opil much for the auto-ir your ideas.

10. Express your opi the development of a 11. Expressyouropi

gives to the others at parties or family reunions.

126

12. Express your op broke the rules. Use

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ejrl ol eloul leq] ilv'puno 1 'q1ed aql 1 os puv'oo]'r se {;lercedse

LlCnul /t^

]eql 'go 0ur>1e1saue1d loqlo aq] qctem pue sdoqs ee4-A1np oq] ul 'plol!le aq1 o1 {enn rnoA uo ar'no{ osle uec noi 1e 6urddoqs aulos op 'paAelap ueo s}t'{6lu oq "t1iu"eLu 6ugq1fuana ,"o0 11 .pid.."d eq1'{1q1oor. noA pue parcor.lc soiullaulos "r" ''{etO lnol Aue 1141 gels podlle aq1 l 'peuado uo^o oql ]o auos {qnrr st sttli lraLll pue ul lcaqc o] poll^ur peAe.r_y pun p"ii"q"'pl"'paqblarvr sr e6e66n1

pue 'sauoc or'ul} ,1q6rg oA l lo Jnoq ue ]noqe sl lel{} 1en1ce aLli orolaq ele sre6uassed aql pue 6u1n1'r're aq] oraqm Aqqol uteLu eq1;o aql uaqM'paAeldsrp t"''tiqOIU bulpedep eql pesodtuocs|uodleuV.}rOuluelsuo^aoJo}oq'Ieurno[Arupuo||.|loUosealouoJoJbuolnn'aLul] qceulols [lu ur salpo]]nq.oll] uol]uau o] loN oO Ieu Durqleuos IelD ]rl6noql oql ]e '99 fuan e senn podlte ue qOnotql 6utog A11ercads"l", ,ol e"u"iiaO*e lsr*

wexa CVg

Aq

11e

utelunc

or.lM'Moul {1uo sem I

n

ia

I q6noqlle p

sree{ omi s isoo] raq plnom 1 uo,{

{u

-1sap

put

'urlrcxe

gaunol aledud

prepare yourself for the BAc

exam

tead t. /\na tan(.t, rioe sooken worldwide would

ffi:u$:l:l"#il,:ff

l)

SuocesrED ANSwEF

:l?i:13%x"ii,l3!;;;iortvourioeas

causes of this phenomenon' longer'now' Discussthe living are people 14. ln general, to support your ideas' Use relevant 1

5

Exp res

u'g""itl'Jno "*""tpies

s': : ?l'1iT,i jf

vouth, but we can Du io suPPort Your ideas'

y; iH ::':J::{ :'f*i HliHJ"f

l?:

j:

y:X

jt'?::

f

Follow'uP QuESrloNS so important? yourself? (Why?) 1. 'Wi'rtis reputation " Why you liKe ttr build for kind of reputation would of your liberty? you may also lose some that.by 2. Have you ever tnought

How do you

l"tlLq,?:;?ation (Why?) pittui" tiberty in your life?

personality?that shape someone's ^ most so lar r 3. Which are the factors the you influenced f'ut p""on'iho Who is ff'" for success? what is tl"^T:^"'important"'ingredient" view' of point your 4. From Arethereunyo''uOuuntagestohavingastrongwill?

.

,.- ^^^.) 5. What makes you .happy? of happiness r

What is your definition should every child 6. ':3jf" would be a better one? "Oo life lessons a world ruled by cnttt "' What that V"'think mistreat animals? punish those peopl"'Yl" 7. How should we test cosmetics on animals? Do vou think a risk of anv kind? think that knowledge T:I]:l^"i"" Do 8. vou "' -Wir"t are the things that hurt people / yourself? time you felt p:11,of 9. When was the last others for hetp'r asking irom Does your p'io" pt"""iiyou

it;;;;;;t;;L'to

tninxtni'Ji' "'v

"??"uln:[::;"mg,d:":r5i[Jll5:fl

il:?11"'y"1l1un'J'*"mentioned

is c91110e111t:^::,:Jl"[u[""Yrt point|ess to you?

,rr ,"*f,eenaser Are there un,?Ji"'.i,ni"n '"u' 13. Why is it important Do you tninx ir'il

language"?

"

t" beins a reber;do vou agree?

language? ' r used as an "international oe other than English should

to know a t9,r1i-01

i"^g';g"

"a good 14. What makes

life"?

-in 20 years'time? 'l""vourself they realiz-e how lucky ^tt' 'l5. Do you thinK young people have people young problem What,s ,n" n^fl, iriportjn,

How do vou

tt

with nowadays?

'deal

Unfortunately, or Perf short definition. Firstl reputation is at stake and their exPeriences are known to be cont time, it will definitely so a reputation maY I Another Point worth c the circumstances ar way, what was at stz doubts about one of reputations can stan( But the most imPor-ta questions everything This is why indeed a of an hour. PeoPle r

forgive when their

and happiness? l0.Wouldyouliketocontinueyoureducation?(Why?How?/Whynot?) t6"t"aion lft*""n eiucation Do you

Reputation is one of l true value is built ove time, the stronger tht grave and history will

I

worshipped by the PL public is the first to a her into the history's All things having beit only truly remarkablt cases, it is more that led to their rePutatiot

6ZV

as^epeMou

leuolleulolul,, 'Luotll oullepllosuoc lllls oJe pue uollelndoJ lleql o] pal 'sasec

o1eq leLl] suotleulloJsue1l leluuolod pue acueleodde 'dtsso$ lsnf ueLl] oloul sl ]l ltor.ll ul .slutes pue aldoed snrueo aJe 6u!^Aolloj tltlo/v\ salduexa olqeljeual {1nr1 {1uo ole eseql sdeqlad }eq} opnlsuoc uec I 'ples 6ureq ourneq s6utq1 11y 'urq luaulutoddesrp s,[.to1stq aq] o]ulloq eq1 {qrr,r suoseoJ aq}

ol }sJu all} sl crlqnd LUlq io asodsrp o1 {peer 'sassouleoM pue s^ eu stq eopalnnou}ce peddtqs:orvt eql 'inlerueqs 6urqleuros 6urop olut loo] slq sdlls elpelu otl] pue crlqnd eq1{q

lo

tl]l/s

ue

sE

:l aaaloe no^ oP

pauolluaul o/vq aL cs i,SSOUIC

(at

,o,eqpe11"c-ose}!,,(lluenbesuoc'polo}leqsUaoqeneqsadoqJ|a[-{}UaqMent6.to1 itan ale pug surellt^ pue saoJot] paeu a1doe6 'lnoll ue Jo

pue ieOlol o1 Ourlprr,r [1aler

poutulalop eq Aeu srea,{ puesnol{i e }o uotlelndal e paopul Aqnn st stql 1"npuo" aql suol}sonb .seldrcuud pue ^q slle/\^ lse6uolls aL{l uo^o apoJo o} rennod all} seLl 1t se 6utq1fua^o aq1 {lpelqnopun sl uotlelndel 6uol1s e JoJ }so} luepodtut }sou ell} }nE

ourl 'autl jo lsal

'tqnop cllqnd 1o lsa] aql puels uec suotlelndel poo6 enrl 6uor1s eq1 {|uo pue A ollo} lll/v\ slaLl}o 'suolse3co ot{} }o ouo lnoqe s}qlop 'AeM ostej ol slels ouo luauloru fuen eq1 'uo os pue aull ]eLll le olels ]e se^ ]eLlM oLl} (a1qe1.reu.rerun ro) elqelleuoJ e ur ourneqeq JlaL{} }o }xaluoc oq} pue socue}srlncllc 'uorlsenb ut st uotlelndal osoqM uosled eq1 1o abe eq1 st 6ultaplsuoc 11po^ lulod loqlouv 'Poutnl eq {euu uol}elndoJ e os

pue ,ut po^lo^ul uoaq o^eLl {eq1 oulqyfuene uodn saoueqc le06u1 Alaltutlep lllM }l 'aul} ,tlsnonuttruoc aq ol u^ oul ale u1 sebueqc sassaultM asoql Jo uorlelndal aql 1r '6ur6ueqc pue eldoed sV 'lou .ro uoqelndel aq1 ourleprlosuoc os pue 'slatllo aql ol sacueuadxo lloq] uollelnoal uolurdo rreql 6urpteruoj loJ acueuodul Aa1 ,o aJe ,(eq1 esneceq 'oIels le sl 'uol}lul}ap }-lotls osorlM uos.red e 1o slaed oq] uotlelaprsuos olul ole] plnoqs enn '{l}s.ttl '[1e1eunpo1u1-1 stql ueql alou qcnul sr uorlelnde: 'sase3 oLuos ul Alaleunpo; sdeqlad to 'raqloue:o {em auo uaq} }noqe leaos 11l,rn fuo1stq pue a'relO lreql puoleq uo^a uo^a ouo sMolloJ ]l 'osec sltll ul iuotielndal eql leouolls aLl] 'aul] 'eLUl] 1o por:ed 6uo1 e Jo^o ]llnq sl onle^ anJ] leql sr uorurdo ;e:eue6 oql 'uos:ad e Jo scllsualceleqc esoq] ,o ouo sl uotlelndeS eq1 .ra6uo1 aLll

asoqM uorln]tlsut .ro

ASSACCT

eAyaqll lnoA lo

^llauosled suoseal

pteel puesnoLl! luora;+rp ro1 'e6ueqc lo eopl aql = )noQ auo {letcos 7{ltunuluoc aq} Pue uorlsanb ut lenpt^lpul aqt qloq lol luepodult st = entlebeu lo anl]lsod oq uec pllnq ol aLull pue slcEi 'slot.llo I'uoJl uoHeplle^ spoau

=

uoueJndaa

:sp'rory1

soldulexe pu )no JoJ unln]

fay 'uouauouoLl(

susMsNV

O:rs:ccn3 (1

'seopl lno^ u peolpnolA e

wexa CVg et11to1 gastnol etedeL4

Prepare Yourself for th9

j!9:!3t knowing the best Lio",ty without learning = being free.without for vourself

=

being able

to do bad things

do not know the good and evil between difference how to knowing without free being = use Your freedom because You

Learningwithouttiberty =knowing

a lot of things without

being able to use them for Your own

good =

lour knowledge cannot helP other peoPle

help you build = youiknowledge can't

vour future

People change du

a happy future intt

Theremaynothavebeenasing|eperiodoftimeinthehistoryofmankindwhenpeopte -att new empire wasn't expanding' it was

their heart' lf a have not desired treeoom wiftr so which people had difficult'res to comprehend' a new wild animat ol. u nutrr"r calamity peacefully peopte'i riuerty and their feeling of living there was always something to limit

andinharmony.Thisiswhylbe|ievetheirunoe'"tanoingfromancienttimeswasthat on|ybymaking,"n,"oftningsandcontro||ingthemcouldtheycometoaneasiness about all that was around them'

LibertywithoutIearntngisasurrogatSgt|leeoom,thatisactua||yatthemercyofthe as all the This idea become very clear to everyone other people or tne naiiral elemenis. emperorsandkingsottt..,ewortosurroundedthemselveswithwiseandlearnedpeop|e order among their subjects, and also

maintain who cou|d he|p them rute their territories, all know' we that art of works create the impresstve the populations that have been conquered of on the other hand, from the point of view throughoutthehistory,theirlearningmadenoSenseifitwastoservetheconquerors.As for their popiations- focused their efforts mainly on fighting a consequen.u, to.i oi,f"'"s" educate to time plain field. They dreamed of having liberty, either in gr"rri[u-*uis or'in The only own people ano to.oulto their own future' their themselves, for the benefits of is why' This fight' to how *"t 6f* to survive and thing they could afford to learn and use

eventoday,therearesomanydiscrepanciesbetweenthe|ivingstandardsofmany sharing of peaceful periods' countries, that have tt,eirioots in a different Learningwithout|ibertyison|y.afa|se.dream,because|ibertyhelpsothersthrough goal of any learning' lnowreO"ge that is the attual final

is always ? perlt' the fact that liberty without learning ln conclusion, I definitely agree with in vain' much as learning without liberty is always

as

l3o

to everyone arou

cplohrifrr Thpce ir: priests and psychi

But in my opinion, much more impc conjuncture of the

Firstly, no baby in the historical perio coming into this vn

1

had many opportur the time he or she

Secondly, the real and in society is g it is quite difficult fr needs and the war birth, they can chz

In conclusion, we of every type, gen

strong beings, whr

rel,

'luod e

s

qbnolql .rtl1enluane sn lo lle ol letluasso aq uec uotlnqilluo3 esor]M 's6uteq 6uo.l1s 'adi{1 fuane ;o lnltlneoq olut mo:6 uec ,teq1 esneceq punor6lceq lelcos lo acel ':apuab uolpllr.lo lle Jo eJec ale] plnoqs a/v\ ]nq 'Iqeq Aue ple$aJslp ],uplnoqs a^ 'uolsnlcuoc ul 'qulq 'olec pue suojJa uMo .lloqJ qonolLll rallaq aqt loJ abueqc uec ^aq]spaau s,auooulos Jo S€cuelsulnoJlc otll lalleu.l ou 'Iqm sl slql 'plloM otll ]o s^e^ aq] pue pllr.tc e roJ ilnsu}lp a}lnb sl ll ,slaqlo aq] lnoqe suleal aq ltlun {padord il op of Moq l oul o} ;ure6y'ssautddeq pue aleJlom,sloqlo otll o] uollnqlJluoc llaLl] {q uanr6 st {latcos ul pue firunuuoc pue Alttle] loq/slq ulll]lm Jaq]la 'lenpl^lpul ue ]o acueuodt-ut ;eer oql '^lpuocas 'plo se/\^ aLls lo aq aulll aq] peq {q qyvrolb lelcos pue len}ulds JoJ }i.l6u oq} pug o} suolsecco pue sa4lunpoddo ,{ueu ,{yltqtsuodsal }o lllopeo4 sltl} tng 'pllo/\^ slq} olul bululoc seq oqM ]lnpe ue o1 {ldde louuec^eM JloLl] se autl aules aq] le oceld 6ut1e1 sluene clLusoc aq] os qcnul os 'polled lecuolslq oqi lo satltuej ltaql Jo punoJolceq ol{l Jo} olqlsuodsoJ plaq oq uec ppo^ aq1 ur Aqeq ou 'Al}sJll .uotutdo {ru yoddns o} s}uoulnoJe fueul o^eq I puv'qulq Jlaqt Jo aln}sunluoc oql uBql outlojtl treql 6uunp olut suJnl lenpt^tput ue ]eql lueuodtul aloul Ll3nrJ sl ll leql )tulr.ll | 'sent1 s,eldood aouon[ut {eu s.tolce] ]eL{M Jal}eur ou 'uotutdo {tu ut 1ng 'sounluoc otll ]noqOnolq] slslrlelqclsd pue slsolld 'sJoleonpo 'slualed lle lo] ulacuoc leeJO e Jo uoaq e1eq suolleUloJsueJ] osaqf Iltlqalac ]uetpel Inlssaccns e olul lesol lelo] e uoll '^Jelluoc otll uo 'Jo punole auolle^a ol

[ueru 1o '[qm st s Aluo aq1

olecnpa lteqi lo1

sv'sloj( palanbu osle pu oldoad eLli lle

aql io sseulsE

leqi

se,

[11n1act

os 'pu€ Se/v\

]l

aldoa

lueululoddeslp lelol e pue suotlellsru] q]tM pallu ]lnpe ctieuelqord e olul aJnlnj {ddeq e loJ letlualod Jo lln1 ornleoJc In11opuo4 e uloll laq]la 'oullialllllaq] 6uunp a$ueLlc aldoad

egdoad Jo raqurnu

a6lel e uo (aAlle60u lo

a^rilsod) ocuanBul ]eol6 o^eLl ue3 = asroM roJ ro Ja]loq ro] eoueqc Jo eopl oql - aq o] dn clo'pooqJnoqq6lou'lnoloc ul)|s 'oceJ 'punol6lseq lelcueuu pue lercos :se qcns s]olcel oAlSlSop = roj olqtsuodsaj plaq aq ]ouuec

uosrad

e ]eq] slolce]

SoAloAUl =

a^lleoau Jo a^rllsod oq uec

aexa CVg

aq1

ntr gastnoA

-

/

oJ6 4oLtl leLl/1A

uoq s/ uosJad

e leLl/lA

:sploM ^ay

uedald

Prepare

Yoqsgllr

tt'e

3!9::3!: T-

Key

Words:

There is a will

do something = a strong desire to for reaching a goal used = qrlat "-n"tgy iuitt o" found sooner or later I .oruiion

2_

There is a way =

and talents of = all the skills, connections oerson will be used efficientlY

journey' full of see that life is a complex I person' and young ?-"L1:3dy Even though l'm a a lotof qualities to survive human every to one's iov as we, as hardsnifs-and *itt i, ot ytlo;t importance same time. rn n,.'v op]niJn, *re you' at to point happiness my prove io-find situations in life and l'll happy or lonely' character. Let,s think uiouir"r"

;;i"ft;;

i

:=

-r .

:,"- ,"3.

:-^

full-or emptv'

your life famil;ihe relationshil:11make hand' A strong will is Therearealwaysp'otiut'yourlovedon"ttuyi"ve'todeal'*]tnandevenifthey Oifficuttior ytu to give them-1 iiJu"ry you'll someii.". need your frerp, goui' lf you'reach a dead-end' up when p"'uing giuu to ab|e nuu"r be you you "JJing .o,.not onlv wi|l going to make i; way the inding reward until the ";;. if gratitude insn't try again and aga|n

One example is

,r..lrr-" ft'"i|. h"ppt";..;;d"even up our life' helo vour beloveo, out uiro Leautifulfeelings will brighten alt irre time, at teast "in"i depends,on many factors,.such as genetic inheritance' which health, is Another example

"'f"ii

personal Raws' oletJ' natural environment,

prtvlt"i""tltl'?li;;'?t"T."ti'"i!tJ?'l'

ave n o ch a n ce of *ilii" tive that.can help you deal with can just a surviving or ll'-=-U,:::t;t;"g thJmedical prognosis' Self-suggestion g"lbutt:l^d:pite and it' up give want not such news, *j; ;;; ;;" it'*oix the wav vou

:: {.-i!::[?y ;ft ::il;i1il;;r ;lly mi,i:i one' very slim be extremelv

po*"'i-i'-i't6nlv

'?:lJ

J;'l'ili:'.:;

h

a strong

Not Yetanotherkeyaspectofone,slifeiscareer.lnordertobecomesuccessful,youneed skills' charisma and more' your'"!11'"^iJJttunication use to work hard as welt as b,"-":1:i'"d during the process your innate ,urt, oultney can ot p,.t be can them advice on various matters' a|| of stuOy , f"i V"r-tiy receive i.ay help you find your of self-deveropr"nilVJ, r'hrs is why a strong will can oirters. irom but you remain uuryo,tr"r"nt encountered' the obstacles you may have own way in spite ot all

Toconc|udewith,nomatterwhatpartofyour|ifeyoufocuson,astrongwil|cana|ways very meaningful one' a make a difference' sometimes

-*

1t{

a--

-F l

j:-

'

- -s:

:_'

]::-:SS

_,-:-

':'

s: -E

-i

--

Se:.: -

Et

I

?,t-:e* e

l-: s,,, :'-:: S a -d

-

='z t i "l' sl* -?-: -

1

5!J_

-!-3:

e

-

0€t

'pauolluaul slualpal0ul pue onJl poapu! sl alonb slq] 'uolsnlsuos ul aarq] asaql lle spoau ssoulddeq lno '{ddeq lea} o} }ou uaql ro} lern}eu sl

lrpueburq$Jo^oouop'burqlfuanauees'burqyfuanapa^locar'{peetleeneq{eq16ut1ea1 'qcu ''{ueu pue snoulel esneceq :fddeq lou aJe aldoad 6ut>1oo1-poo6 o1 6utqlauos 'lo1 lultlt I^'alnlnj aq] ul onolt'lce ol allsap aL{} eneq Aaql

os Aqm uoseal aq] sr sltll leql edoq o16urq1eu:os 'o0

saceld

t;.rel os palsrla^eLl | butq1Alena ''{1;eut3 e no^ ant6 [1len1ce asoq] lle pue o] Oulqlauog ']ou lo s"iqqo-q pue slad Outneq osle sueoul a^ol

"^';iqonou"iou "^;,1-i,";p .rtof pue snonutluoc ;o 6ur1aa1 osJa^lp

stql "1unon";fu" fuessaceu os ale spuorlJ pue {11ure, {qm st s^ol u! sr uos:ed t"qf I'uln";ji,ln"1" ,oj .elou[ueulo}pueuloJ}}nq.uosledauotUoJ}{1uo1oupues3^||:noutluepodtut{1aua:ya aneq no{ 1r ''{1puoces .Iot1o ut u"nq rno^ leql sueouj ll'"no1 oi butqleruos eq o1

st o^o-l

11n1

o] iaLurl aql lle ]eql laal

plno^^}|nnoqeutOeu1.6ur1ee1o|q|paJ3u!ues|}|pueuot.|}lo}ouopa^ellloulqlaruoslo; petueuadxa a^eq | 'ler}uassa uloas }'useop }r apnlne.rO s,{poqeuos };HlrJd.;q111es,t1-u 'passeroap pue .auoo.uos ;r; no,t-i"q1 taal oste uec no6 'arour s,]eL{Mo^eLl Jl ua^f no'{ 1t 'is'tt3 "l ;;;;; no[ i"ql tu""* ]eq] op o1 6utqleluos leb l,uop no{ }eq} 'p"r,iq l"aiuop

'Aqrtr

pue sbutql [qnn s1-s1q1 'Addeq 6uteq 1ou llrls uteldxe ll,l pue arul sr elonb aql lell] roplsuoc 1 oM}osoq}butneqaldoadqbnoueuaososlea^e|..|1,,(1e1eunpo1u1-l.ssautddeq-rolqonoua

oqpInoMo^olpueAeuou,tieq}Jap|sUocaldoed}Soul}eq}poc|}oua^eql.{11euosla6 .{ddeq 6uraq .ro1 sluerparbur or.l} aueu o} }lnoq}lp 11 putl leqi oLUI} oules 'olll oq plnoL{s pacutnuoc fua^ are Ieql leql arns ue | eql le lnq '{ddeq }ou olB Aeq11eq1 ut*o Auer-u leull rulql osle 1}nq 's{em ssaurddeq,alll leq/\A nnoul'r(11ear 1,uop aldoad ]eLll ueour l",l;'p"" .self.'O"q uMo,orll lo1 6ut1oo1s1 [poq^:ene ltaql ullr petnlcrd A11ear ,tqm uoseeJ aq1 sl ssau'ddeq leqt a^orlaq .lo,lns pue lro^^"^"q fq6fl ""-ifi | "ldoed

1

6uo:1s sferur1e uec lllM

ue tnoA Put; noA dlaq

'slolleu snolJe^ uop ssacotd eq1 outlnp

toN'aloul pue eulsu peau nor( 'lnlssoccns ']lluem noA Ae'q uec uotlsa0bns-llas' dlaq u ulrm leap noA ou e^e''l to a irrr ""u"q' leb noA 'uaeq

're,i puv 'eloul lol^ 'ocueluaLlul cliauaD

'ajll

Jn(

a oleMal aq] l,usul

ol olqe aq noA

11tnr

11,no['Pua-PeaP sr

11rm

buolls

V

e PUt '

Aeqt lt ua^e Pue'll '[1auo1to Addeq

'noA ol lt-ttc s.ouo o] acueuodi

sa! Due a^l^lns o] '',(aurno[ xat 1o

11n1

:o16ur1q0t1 qPottr ol 'no[ o1 :ego

sr aJnln] lBtll loa,

JoJ edoq o1 og 6utqleuos se,,f ellt leLll laal ol = 'uttllawog Ourntl qyom s1[eP a^olol1wqlewog fuene 1eq1 lao1 ol 'lueruIofua loal o] = lnlosn op o16utt11ewog aq ol 'poloq la6 ol lou 'a^llce oQ o] =

urex*W

aq1 rc1

gasLnol

iledild

Prepare Yourself for the BAC exam

Key

words:

to their food' hospitalisation' tmportantdecislons for chitdren = related shelter, education, fi nancial suppotl'

7.

f-(I <,_

children ( Parents = the ones who provide for their children their love and - are responsible for their children of life = have more exPerience problems solving of = have more means

Evenifthere,||a|Waysbeprob|emsraisedbythegenerationgap.parentsarethemost important is why I str6ngly believe that the most important peopte in a cnito's life. This them' O"LLiont ior a child should be made by peop|e who be he|ped in making decisions by the First of al|, l think that a chi|d shou|d cannoiunderstand their real needs' really love him. lf you don't love someon" vou Moreover,withouilove,nobodywouldmaketh"n"."*rrysacrifices.solthinkthatonly parents can do this for a child'

Second|y,inorderforadecisiontobegood,know|edgeandexperienceareneeded'No you'll if you oon't krlow how to help him or her' matter how mucn vo, rou" someone, those is mind my to comes saddest examples that only make things *or"". one of the maKe and try to help .ol"9l" in need, and they nurses or people who are not ooltors and life of experience the or her liie. So, the person sicKer or-uuln endanger his child' for a parenthood are essential when making decisions

not what over|ook the cases when some parents are on the other hand, unfortunately' l can,t just ignore children, abandon them or they shoutd n". r nilun, ih;y neglect their In needs' such tn"v ut-" unable to see what their child really communication with age of the the decisions; I suppose it depends on the a case, I can,t say who srrould mike

il;,'t;

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Prepare yoursetf for the BAC exam

11.

.s-

Key Words:

1

country

= level of civilisation = tow level of selfishness = professionals in all fields Development of a country = high standard of living

Education of a

= good care

for all categories

z-

a o

PeoPle

= verY good financial situation

= low rate of criminalitY

that many economic sectors have been Enjoying the status of developed country implies quality of life' technology and developed to meet certain standards: ihe finances, the continue' But none of them is can list the political relations and communication, tourism,

can be attained only possible without a civilrsed population. And in my opinion, this

through education. are good specialists in as many fields First of all, what a developing country really needs on how to handle different as possible. Without them ind without valuable knowledge is not possible. And new situations and how to improve the existing ones, development you cannot have such specialists without proper education' its population has a high living Secondly, living in a developed country also means that way they live, but also wishing standard and high morals. They should be happy with the will only lead the country to an for the better. Average people with average aspirations the population's selfaverage type of O"uLtLpt"nt, not proficiency. Consequently, education that can only and it is awareness and impetus for self-development are needed, trigger them.

some point, this |eve| can't be Third|y, no matier how developed a country may be at efforts towards it' Development maintarned if people don't have it as a purpose and make should change' too' knowledge is a process of continual change and so mentality and generation' after generation There is no other way to do it except by educating

most important factor in a To conclude with, I strongly believe that education is the forces involved together allthe drawing of means country's development. ltis the only better' so that they can function better and

138

Key Wo

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1

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On the oiher only durtng sc

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r

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F

to n"e-tlc. :environmerl

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1o

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Prepare yourself for the BAC exam

12.

Key

Words:

We remember

best = what amazed us, what scared us, what taught us a valuable /esson,

what impressed us People who broke the rules = rebels, criminals, lunatics, heroes, dissidenfs

People's memory is a tricky thing, from rny point of view. We tend to remember what surprised us, what really impressed us, what is out of the ordinary, and all these depend on each person's receptiveness. This is why I agree with the idea that we remember best the people who broke the rules and that's because they don't resemble the majority. Moreover, the act of remembering is closely connected to a sort of rule breaking. There are many types of rules and we shouldn'i forget the differences between them. There are

social and judiciary rules, also called laws, there are different types of regulations specially made for people's protection, but there are also a lot of superstitions and rules of the so-called etiquette that tend to be broken more often than the others. lf I had to talk about each of them, I'd say that those who break the first category of rules, the criminals, are better remembered especially because of the media. If the journalists weren't creating a sort of magic around them, people wouldn't care so much. As for the second category, those who don't obey the security rules will definitely pay and we remember them as lessons of what we mustn't do and the price of carelessness. The third category remains in the collective memory because of gossip. The more outrageous the things sorneone does, the more he or she will stick in our mind either as an example to make fun of or worthy of our admiration. On the other hand, breaking a rule may not be such a surprise in the future as it used to be in the past. lt seems that nowadays people are actually taking part in some sort of race of who breaks more rules. In the future, a person who actually obeys the rules will probably be a rarity and the paradox is that we'll remember them because they broke the rule of breaking rules. In the end, I'd like to say that too nruch importance is placed on what people remember. I for one forget things very easily and it's not because I don't care, but because very often I am tired and I am trying to learn what is important for me as a person and for my future career. There is too much information around and everyone tends to talk about the latest news only. So I'm asking, what's wrong with something old every now and then?

140

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