PED, EMS.pdf

Surroundings in which an organisation operates, including air, air, water, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation Clause 3.5 ISO 14001:2004

Note : Surroundings in the context extend from within an organisation to the global system

1

ESCI Environment Management Division

Environmental Management System (EMS)

Part of an organization’s management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects Clause 3.8, ISO 14001:2004

ESCI 2

Environment Management Division

Environmental Management System (EMS)

Part of an organization’s management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects Clause 3.8, ISO 14001:2004

ESCI 2


Busine Busin ess and and the Environme Environment nt – Some Key Iss Issues ues Global Warming

Water Pollution

Ozone Depletion

Biodiversity

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Sustainability

ESCI 3


Smog

Waste

Acidification

Environmenta nvironmentall Aspects Aspects – Impacts mpacts Identification ----Evaluation Enviro nvironmenta nmentall aspects aspects - impacts are are the building buildi ng blocks bl ocks of EMS EMS!!

ESCI 4


4.3.1 Environmental Aspects “Element of an organization’s activities or products or services that can interact with the environment” Clause 3.6, ISO 14001:2004

Activity Product Service

Environmental Aspect (Cause)

Environmental Impact (Effect)

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4.3.1 Environmental Aspects Aspect

Aspect

Outputs

Inputs

Raw Materials

Process

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Waste

Environmental Impacts “ Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects” Clause 3.7, ISO 14001:2004

Activity Product Service

Environmental Aspect (Cause)

Environmental Impact (Effect)

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Environmental Impacts Impact

Inputs

Impact

Impact

Outputs

Impact

ESCI 8


Impact

Activity

Aspects

Impacts

Delivery of goods by suppliers

Generation of packing materials

Depletion of resources ---solid waste generation


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Environmental Issues for Business AIR POLLUTION

B BU US SINES INESS S,,INC. INC.

WATER ENERGY NATURAL RESOURCES

EMISSIONS

PRODUCTS

SUPPLIERS TOXIC & SOLID PROCESS WASTE WASTEWATER Environment Mangement Division PROPERTY SEWAGE RUNOFF

CONTAMINATION

ESCI 10

Environmental Aspects ----Impacts – Air Pollution Impacts Air pollution from process, DG, vehicles ASPECT

IMPACTS

Nitrogen Oxides

Acidification of air and water; depletion of plant growth; kills fish; respiratory problems in people; corrosion; photochemical ozone.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Direct health effects; harm to plants.

Particulates

Visibility; respiratory problems; transport of carcinogens.


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Environmental Aspects ----Impacts – Water Impacts Water consumption, release to water ----ground water contamination ASPECT

EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Discharges to foul sewers

Pollution of rivers via treatment works; use of chemicals and energy at treatment works; use of water – depletion of resources; generation of gases (methane, hydrogen sulphide) – odours.

Discharges to storm sewers

Pollution of rivers; depletion of fish and other animal life in rivers; reduction of river-water quality; reduction of sea-water quality.

Accidental spills of chemicals

River pollution via storm drains; contaminated land leading to groundwater pollution.


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Environmental Aspects ----Impacts – Waste Impacts Generation of waste – process, packaging, oil soaked cotton, used oil etc. ASPECT

EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Generation and storage of waste

Visual impact; odour; degradation of local environment if waste escapes; depletion of resources; energy and resource use in managing waste, plus subsequent pollution.

Disposal of waste landfill

Visual disturbance; noise; vehicle pollution; energy use and subsequent impacts; methane production; groundwater pollution; resource depletion (land).

Disposal incineration

Air emissions and impacts; odour; noise; visual impact; global warming; landfill of ashes; recovery of energy from waste.

ESCI


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Environmental Aspects ----Impacts – Other Impacts ASPECT

EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Consumption of natural resources

Consumption of oil/diesel, electricity, water, raw material – leading to depletion of finite natural resource

Transportation

Depletion of natural resource ----air pollution

Generation of noise

Noise pollution – affecting hearing

Storage ---transportation of oil/ gas/ hot water/ steam

Leakage/ spillage – fire hazard, illness, injury, burns


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Environmental Aspects ----Impacts – Other Impacts ASPECT

EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Land contamination

Harm to animals and plants; water pollution through run-off, degradation of soil quality; groundwater pollution.

Use of pesticides

Harm to animals and plants; water pollution through run-off; degradation soil quality; groundwater pollution; resource depletion; ecological imbalance.

Site development

Visual disturbance; noise; vehicle pollution; energy use and subsequent impacts; river pollution; groundwater pollution; resource depletion.

Supply chains

All impacts to air; land and water; resource depletion.

ESCI


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Evaluation of Aspect ----Impact Evaluation of Significant Aspect may consider : • • • • • •

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Scale Severity of impact Probability Duration Control Legal requirement


Approach We need a systematic approach to identify environmental impacts.

Evaluate Activities

Define

Operating

Inputs and

Environmental

Significant

Conditions

Outputs

Impacts

Impacts

Evaluate

Characterise and Quantify

Identify


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Identification of Aspects and Impacts Service Operation of DG set

Aspect

Impact

Generation of emissions

Air pollution

Generation of noise

Air pollution

Over consumption of fuel

Resource Depletion

Spillage of fuel

Resource depletion Land contamination Water pollution Work Environment

ESCI

Generation of wastes

Land contamination

Explosion

Air pollution Water pollution


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IDENTIFICATION ----EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ----OHS RISKS S Ac tivity N

As pec t/ Hazard

1 Use of D.G. Set

OHS Risks

Pollutant/ Risk Prod C.I.B. S/ L.C R.S. P. Sc. Se Pr Dur Contr SSP NS v o. DC

N/ A/ E

Environ ment Impacts

Generation of Exhaust Emissions

N

Air Pollution

Y

Spillage of fuel/oil

N

Land contamin ation

N

2

2 4 3

2

90

N

NS

N

Water Pollution

N

2

2 4 3

2

90

N

NS

N

Resource Depletion

N

<60 000 0 1

-

-

-

-

N

NS

3 1 4

2

24

N

NS

1 5 4

2

80

N

NS

Accident

N

Injury

N

Generation of Noise

N

Deafnes N s

S

2

-


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Identifying Aspects 



Identify aspects for each activity, product, or service:  Normal operating conditions  on-site activities (Constr ucti on, office, maintenance)  cont racted activities( cafeteria, landscaping)  Abnormal operating conditions:  Start-up, shut-down  Breakdown activities,  Peak seasons  Emergency situations Aspects can be  regulated or non-regulated  natural or man-made  positive or negative  controlled or influenced by the organization


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Determining Signi ficance – Env. (Evaluation Criteria)

Value

Scale

Severity***

Probability

Duration

Controls

Pollution spread due to the impact

Magnitude of the impact on the environment

The rate of occurrence in which the impact will occur

Am ou nt of time the impact affects the environment

Controls for Impacts

1

Up to 5 m Radius (Negligible)

Very Low

Once a Year or Very rare

< 1 hr.

2

Within 50 m Radius (Low)

Low

Once in a month

1 hr day

-

3

Within 250 m Radius (Moderate)

Moderate

Once a day

1 day month

- 1

4

Within 500 m Radius or Site Boundary (High)

High

Several times a day

1 month year

5

Outside Site Boundary (Excessive)

Very High

Continuous

1 year forever

Available ---effective at source 1

Has in-built secondary control Control need human intervention

1

Mechanism in place but not reliable Absent or no Effective Control


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Determining Signi ficance – Env. (Evaluation Criteria) Value

1 2 3

Severity Criteria Requires no cleanup, no impact to the environment Low release of a Non-Hazardous Material or Noise level < 65 db. Requires minor cleanup, minimal impact to the environment High release of Non Hazardous Material or Noise level 65 db to 70 db Requires moderate cleanup, minimal impact to the environment Low release of Hazardous Material or Noise level 70 db to 75 db

4

Requires moderate cleanup, moderate impact to the environment Medium release of Hazardous Materials or Noise level 75 db to 80 db

5

Requires major cleanup, major impact to the environment High release of Hazardous Material or Noise level above 80 db.

Severity: Additional explanation for Severity especially in case of generation of gases and noise


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Exercise 6 : Environmental Aspects ---Impacts In your teams 

Identify the environmental aspects and their impact in the process your team has selected



Calculate significance of the impacts



Identify any one legislative requirement regarding environment in your company


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Requirements – ISO 14001 : 2004 Continual Improvement

Commitment and Policy

Management Review

Checking ---Corrective Action

Planning Implementation and Operation

ESCI Environment Management Division 24

4.2 Environmental Policy ISO 9001:2008 - 5.1, 5.3. 8.5.1

Environment Policy must: 

be appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its activities, products and services,



includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution



have commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements



provide framework for setting and reviewing objectives and targets



be documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all persons work ing f or or on behalf of the organization



be made available to the public

ESCI 25


4.3 Planning ISO 9001:2008 – 5.4, 5.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2, 8.5.1

Clause 4.3 includes: 4.3.1

Environmental Aspects

4.3.2

Legal and Other Requirements

4.3.3

Objectives, Targets, and Programs

ESCI 26


Relationship to EMS An effective EMS is based upon a Activity

thorough evaluation of significant impacts.

Impacts/Significant Impacts

Policy Objectives ----Targets Environmental Management Programme Operational controlProcedure


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4.3.1 Aspects and Impacts ISO 9001:2008 – 5.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2 Establish, implement and maintain procedure(s):  Identify (within th e defined sco pe) the environmental aspects of its: Activities, products and Services  That it can control and have an influence, taking into account

planned or new developments or modified activities to determine those which have a significant impact on the environment  Must be considered in establis hing , implementing and maintaining

th e EMS  Must be documented and kept up to date

ESCI 28


4.3.2 Legal and Other Requirements ISO 9001:2008 – 5.2, 7.2.1



Establish, implement and maintain procedure(s):



Identify and have access to: Applicable 

legal or statutory requirements (LAWS)

Other environmental requirements e.g. * Codes of practice * Agreements with public authorities * Non-regulatory guidelines



Keep them up to date



Determine how they apply to its environmental aspects



Consider in establishing, implementing and maintaining the EMS

ESCI 29


Indian Environmental Legislations            

The Factories Act 1948/87 The Water (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act 1974 The Water ( Prevention and Control of pollution) Rules 1975 The Water (Prevention and Control of pollution ) Cess Act 1977 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978 The Air ( Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Rules 1982/1983 The Environmental (Protection) Act 1986 The Environmental ( Protection ) Rules1986 The Hazardous Wastes ( Management and Handling) Rules2003/2008 The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 The Public Liability Insurance Rules 1991


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Indian Environmental Legislations   

       

The Bio- Medical Waste (Management and Handling) rules 1998 The Noise (Regulation and Control ) Rules 2000 The Ozone Depleting Substance ( Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 Energy Conservation Act 2001 Indian Electricity Act 2003 The Explosive Act and Rules 2008 The Gas Cylinder Rules 1981 The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels Rules 1981 Motor Vehicle Act /CMVR 1988/1989 Guidelines for Hazardous Chemicals Management 1988/1989 Guidelines for Hazardous Waste Management 1988/1989


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Legal Register Sr.

Name

No. 1

2

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977, amended 1992

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, amended 1988

Applicable Section

Appl ic able Requ ir ement

S ection 3

Cess has to be paid on the quantity of water consumed as specified

Section 4

Affixing the meter of such standards ----at such places as may be prescribed.

Section 5

Furnishing of returns in such forms at such intervals as Prescribed

Section 20

Provide Information to SPCB which is sought.

Section 21

Provide Access for taking Samples

Section 23

Authority to SPCB or any person empowered by it for Inspection

Section 24

Prohibition on use of stream or well for disposal of polluting matter etc.

Section 25 (2)

Application for consent to establish in the prescribed format

Perso n(s) Responsible

Statutory Body

Compliance Frequency

Remarks


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4.3.3 Objectives,Targets and Programmes ISO 9001:2008 – 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 8.5.1



Establish, implement, document and maintain its environmental objectives and targets at relevant func tion s and l evels



Measur able wh ere practical



Ensure that they are consistent with its environmental policy



When establishing and reviewing its objectives it shall consider its: 

legal and other requirements;



significant environmental aspects;



technological options;



financial, operational and business requirements; and



the views of interested parties .

ESCI 33


4.3.3 Objectives,Targets and Programmes ISO 9001:2000 - 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 8.5.1



Establish, implement and maintain programme(s) for achieving its objectives and targets



Include in its programme(s): 

Designation of responsibility for achieving its objectives and targets



Means and timeframe by which they are to be achieved

ESCI 34


Objectives and Targets Example

TARGET

OBJECTIVE

Reduce greenhouse gases produced in manufacturing ESCI

Achieve 25% reduction in energy use per million parts produced within 3 years (specify base year) 35


Objectives and Targets Example Objective

Target

• Reduc e waste and depletio n of resources

• Reduce water cons umpti on by 15% by January 1, 2006

• Control environm ental impact of use of co al

• Identif y five option s for energy savings and produ ce an action program

• Design p rogram to mi nimi ze • Initiate recycling p rogram for environmental impact of used tires by 3rd qu arter 2005 disposal of products • Adopt technologies that will minimize pollution

• Implement new water coolin g process b y Jul y 2007

• Reduc e or elimi nate the release of pol lutants

• Reduce air emissi ons from p aint sho p by 20% by 2007

ESCI 36


Indicators

OBJECTIVE

Reduce greenhouse gases produced in manufacturing

INDICATOR

TARGET

Quantity of fuels and electricity used per ton of product produced

Achieve 25% reduction in energy by 2008


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4.4.1 ----4.4.2 4.4.1 Structure and Responsibility Management shall 

Define, document and communicate roles, responsibilities and authorities to facilitate effective environmental management



Ensure availability of resources (human, skil ls, or ganization al infrastruct ure, technolog y and financial) essential to the implementation and control of the EMS.



Appoint Management Representative

4.4.2 Training, Awareness and Competence Establish and maintain procedures to make personnel performing t asks on its behalf (sub-contractors) that have the potential to cause sign ificant enviro nmental impact(s) aware of: ESCI 38


4.4.3 Communication ISO 9001:2008 – 5.5.3, 7.2.3

4.4.3 Communication 

Establish, implement and maintain procedures for: 

internal communication between the various levels and functions of the organization



receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication from external interested parties



Make a decision on external communication of its significant aspects



Record that decision and establish.



Implement methods for external communication if necessary

ESCI 39


4.4.4 ----4.4.5 4.4.4. Documentation Describe main elements of the EMS and their interaction  Include scope of EMS  Provide reference to related documentation  Includes

- policy, objectives and targets - EMPs - OCPs --------procedures - records required by the standard - other documents necessary to the effective planning, operation and control of processes related to significant environmental aspects. 4.4.5 Document Control ESCI 40


4.4.6 Operational Control ISO 9001:2008 – 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5



Identify and plan relevant operations and activities associated with significant aspects

 Plan to carry out these activities under normal, abnormal

and emergency conditions (including maintenance) and shall have: 

 

Documented procedures where their absence may lead to deviations from policy, objectives and targets Established operating criteria in the procedures Establish, implement, maintain and commun icate applicable procedures to suppliers (vendors) and contractors

ESCI 41


4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response ISO 9001:2008 – 8.3



Establish, implement and maintain procedures to: 

Identify potential accidents and emergencies



Respond to them



Prevent and mitigate adverse impacts associated with them

 Periodically review and if necessary revise its emergency

preparedness and response procedures 

especially following an accident or emergency situation

 Periodi cally t est such procedures where practicable

ESCI 42


4.5.1 Monitoring and Measurement ISO 9001:2008 - 7.6, 8.1, 8.2.3, 8.2.4, 8.4

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to monitor and measure regularly  Cover key characteristics of its operations and activities  Document information to monitor:  Performance  Relevant operational controls  Conformance with objectives and targets  Calibrate or verify and maintain all monitoring and measuring equipment used 

 Retain records

ESCI 43


4.5.2 Evaluation of Compliance ISO 9001:2008 - 8.2.3, 8.2.4

Establish, implement and maintain procedure to: 

Periodically evaluate compliance with relevant legal requirements and other environm ental requirements subscri bed to.



Keep records of evaluations

ESCI 44


4.5.3 Nonconformance, Corrective and Preventive Action ISO 9001:2000 - 8.3, 8.4, 8.5.2, 8.5.3

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to:  Define requirements for identifying and correcting nonconformities  Investigate and determin e cause(s) of actual nonconformity (ies), to avoid recurrence  Evaluating the need for action to prevent non-conformities and implement actions to prevent occurrence  Appropriateness of actions commensurate to scale of problem and impacts  Review actio ns taken and implement and record resulting changes made to the EMS documentation 

ESCI 45


4.5.4 ----4.5.5 4.5.4 Records Establish, implement and maintain procedures for identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention ---disposal. 4.5.5 Internal Audit Establish, implement and maintain procedures and planned programmes for audits

ESCI 46


4.6 Management Review ISO 9001:2000 – 5.1, 5.6, 8.5.1

  



 

Ensure top management involvement in the review Carry out the review at planned intervals Ensure the continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness (of the EMS) Include opportunities for improvement and changes to EMS, audit results, communication from external interested parties, performance of organization, extent of achievement of objectives, status of corrective and preventive actions, follow up from previous reviews, changing circumstances, recommendations for improvement. Record the review Review output to include any decisions and actions to possible changes to:  Policy, Objectives, targets and other elements of the EMS, consistent with commitment to continual improvement

ESCI 47


PED, EMS.pdf

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