Materiales y Tecnicas de Instalacion I

F@_M×C FM @BVMT@CTM_

NGVMT@GLM_ P VÀOB@OG_ FM @B_VGLGO@ßB @

VMTOMT _MNM_VTM CVC×C 4877 GX]BVM_ FM LG NGVMT@G Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm

Xtca" Kcsà Qòvct Nmbmsms

7

CDKMV@QC*_ IMBMTGL*M_ FM LG G_@IBGV]TG Ml gl}nbc ocbcomtç vcfc ml xtcomsc ocbsvt}ov`qc fm }bg cdtg, fmsfm ml xlgbc jgsvg ocnc sm tmgl`{g lg cdtg bmitg" VMNG_ P _]DVMNG_ @". @BVTCF]OO@ßB  Ngvmt`gl fm ocbsvt}oo`ÿb  Xlgbcs mkmo}v`qcs  Vtçn`vms Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


4

@@". XTML@N@BGTM_ XTML@N@BGTM_  ]dògo`ÿb, fmsl`bfm, vmttmbc  L`nx`m{g fm vmttmbc  Vtg{c p b`qmlgo`ÿb @@@". O@NMBVGO@ßB O@NMBVGO@ßB  Ngnxcsvmtîg  Lcsg fm o`nmbvgo`ÿb  [gxgvgs g`slgfgs p octt`fgs  Fglgs p ogfmbgs Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


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@Q". N]TC_  Vgd`w}m#Dlcoe  Ogsv`llcs#Ocl}nbgs  Omttgn`mbvcs#Vtgdms  Xtmagdtògfcs  Ocq`bvmo#Xgbml YO *ngvmt`glms, xtcomf`n`mbvcs, msvt}ov}tgs)  Vgdlg tcog *ngvmt`glms, xtcomf`n`mbvcs, msvt}ov}tgs)  XQO *ngvmt`glms, xtcomf`n`mbvcs, msvt}ov}tgs)  Ocbotmvc *ngvmt`glms, xtcomf`n`mbvcs, msvt}ov}tgs)  Q`vtcdlcoe *ngvmt`glms, xtcomf`n`mbvcs, msvt}ov}tgs) Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


6

Q". LC_G_, MBVTMX@_C_ P G[CVMG_  Ngo`{g  Qì}mvg p Dcqmf`llg  Xgbml  Gv`{cbgfg  Lc{g Gomtc  Lçn`bgs Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


=

Q@". A@TNM_  Xlgbvg dgkg  Tmllmbc  Ocnxgovgo`ÿb  Oclgfc ‟ ngvmt`glms  Xtcomf`n`mbvcs  Xlgbvg Glvg  Tmllmbc lìmtc *ojgtclg `bsvglgo`cbms)  Mbvctbc  G{cvmg  Mbvctbgfc  Mblgft`llgfc  Ojgalgbms  Xtmv`lms Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm Xtca" Kcsà Qòvct Nmbmsms

1

Q@@". M_OGLMTG_  F`sm÷c mb; tmovg, mb ], O`to}lgt, mb V m @nxmt`gl *xmtglvm, j}mllg, dgtgbfgl, bgt`{)  Vtg{c  Tgnxg  Actkgfc

Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


9

MQGL]GO@CB;

ML QGLCT FM OGFG XGTO@GL M_ ML XTCNMF@C FM VTGDGKC_, VGTMG_ P MZÇNMBM_ FM M_M XMTÎCFC" XGTG VMBMT FMTMOJC G LG XTM_MBVGO@CB FML XTCPMOVC VMTN@BGL @BVMITGL ML GL]NBC FMDMTG OCBVGT OCB ]B N@B@NC FM :8- FM G_@_VMBO@G, MB LG_ JCTG_ NGTOGFG_ OCB G_M_CT" VTGDGKC_ MBVTMIGFC_ G ]BG AMOJG XC_VMT@CT G LG _CL@O@VGFG VMBFTGB 4 X]BVC_ NMBC_



:



0

Ocbs`fmtgbfc lg }dògo`ÿb fml lcvm gl ocbsvt}`t Ms mzvtmngfgnmbvm `nxctvgbvm xtmsvgt n}ojg gvmbo`ÿb gl xlgbc fm }bg cdtg" Lcs agovctms ocbs`fmtgfcs g lg jctg fm jgomt lcs xlgbcs fmdmb smt d`mb vmb`fcs mb o}mbvg" ]dògo`ÿb Gbvms fm jgomt o}glw}`mt xlgbc, ms `nxctvgbvm ocbvmnxlgt xt`nmtc lg }dògo`ÿb fml lcvm" ³Msvç omtog fm gli}bg mso}mlg3 ³Fml nmtogfc3 ³C msvç }dògfg mb }bg {cbg mb lg w}m lcs vtgbsxctvms scb msogscs3 Ml x}bvc gw}î ms w}m ms `nxctvgbvm ocbs`fmtgt lg }dògo`ÿb g lg jctg fm otmgt lcs xlgbcs" Ml f`sm÷c p lg msvt}ov}tg fmdmb ocnd`bgt ocb ml v`xc fm gnd`mbvm w}m xcsmm ml qmo`bfgt`c" jvvx;##yyy"gtw}`vmov}tg"ocn"gt#ocbs`fmtgbfc.lg.}dògo jvvx;##yyy"gtw }`vmov}tg"ocn"gt#ocbs`fmtgbfc.lg.}dògo`cb.fml.lcvm.gl.ocb `cb.fml.lcvm.gl.ocbsvt}`t.}bg.ogs svt}`t.}bg.ogsg# g#



78

Fmsl`bfm ogvgsvtgl Ml fmsl`bfm ogvgsvtgl ms }b vtgdgkc aîsòc mlgdctgfc vcxÿitgacs, lcs xct }b o}mtxc fm vàobòcs vcxÿitgacs, o}glms sm÷glgb nmf`gbvm ngtogs mb }b vmttmbc qmtàògbfc fm fcbfm g fcbfm xmtvmbmomb lcs lîn`vms xmt`nmvtglms xmt`nmvtglms fm lg xtcx`mfgf" _m }v`l`{g o}gbfc mz`svm f}fg fm lcs fgvcs ncsvtgfcs mb xtcx`mfgf" _m mbv`mbfm lg msot`v}tg c v`v}lc fm xtcx`mfgf" x}ms xct fmsl`bfm gl govc actngl fm f`sv`bi}`t lcs lîn`vms fm }bg xtcx`mfgf" *ml fmsl`bfm bc `bfòg w}`àb ms ml xtcx`mvgt`c fm lg xtcx`mfgf)" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


77

Ocnc ocbsmo}mbo`g f`tmovg fml fmsl`bfm, ml gnckcbgn`mbvc ngtog fm actng aîsòg msvcs lîn`vms scdtm ml vmttmbc" Xct mllc, mb lg ngpctîg fm lcs ogscs qgb msvtòvgnmbvm lìgfcs" Ml gnckcbgn`mbvc ms ml govc fm sm÷glgt ocb nckcbmtgs c j`vcs lcs l`bfmtcs fm }bg a`bog5 s`tqm xgtg xlgsngt aîsògnmbvm lcs lîn`vms fm lg xtcx`mfgf" Ms lg goo`ÿb ocnxlmnmbvgt`g fml fmsl`bfm5 s`mbfc }bg goo`ÿb xcsvmt`ct p ocbsmo}mbo`g f`tmovg fml n`snc" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


74

Fmsl`bfm gn`svcsc _m mamovûg mbvtm xtcx`mvgt`cs" Xgtg lg tmgl`{go`ÿb fm msvm v`xc fm fmsl`bfm sm tmgl`{gb lcs sì}`mbvms xgscs; .O`vgo`ÿb actngl fm lcs f}m÷cs fm lgs a`bogs ocl`bfgbvms" .Mb lg tm}b`ÿb sm fmsìbgtçb xmt`vcs p sm tmfgovgtç }b fco}nmbvc ocb lgs a`bogs `nxlògfgs, tmxgtvc fm igsvcs ‡ .Lcs xmt`vcs ocbs}lvgtçb lg fco}nmbvgo`ÿb" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


7?

_m mamov}gtç }b tmxlgbvmc ocb msvgogs p sm ocnxtcdgtçb lcs l`bfms" _` lcs xtcx`mvgt`cs msvçb ocbactnms sm mamovûg ml govg fm fmsl`bfm" Mb ml ogsc fm tmgl`{gt gnckcbgn`mbvc, ‟_m mamov}gtç ml govg fm fmsl`bfm p gnckcbgn`mbvc" _` bc jgp ocbactn`fgf, sm xtcomfm g nmf`t lcs vmttmbcs" jvvx;##yyy"gtw}ìtgaòc"ocn#w}m.ms.}b.fmsl`bfm.ogvgsvtgl Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


76



7=

L`nx`m{g fml vmttmbc Ocbs`svm mb tmv`tgt fml lcvm lcs mlmnmbvcs w}m bc scb fm }v`l`fgf xgtg ml xtcpmovc ocnc scb;  Gtd}svcs  Çtdclms  Msocndtc  Dgs}tg  Ogxg qmimvgl *fmsxglnm) Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


71



79

Vtg{c p b`qmlgo`ÿb



7:



70



48

ot}omvgs



47



44



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46



4=



41

Ml vtg{gfc ms ml xt`nmt xgsc bmomsgt`c xgtg llmqgt g ogdc lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb" Ocbs`svm mb ngtogt scdtm ml vmttmbc lgs nmf`fgs w}m sm jgb xmbsgfc mb ml xtcpmovc, p w}m sm mbo}mbvtgb mb ml xlgbc c f`d}kc fm lg ogsg c o}gtvc xct ocbsvt}`t"



49

Xtmxgtgo`ÿb" Jmttgn`mbvg p ngvmt`gl bmomsgt`c; Ms tmocnmbfgdlm w}m ml vtg{gfc sm jgig xct lc nmbcs mbvtm vtms xmtscbgs, fmd`fc g w}m xgtg }bg sclg tms}lvm fmngs`gfc fàîo`l p bc w}mfg mzgovc" Ms bmomsgt`c xgtg llmqgt g ogdc msvm vtgdgkc lc sì}`mbvm; o`bvg nàvtòg c nmvtc ocnûb, ogttmvms fm j`lc fm qgt`cs nmvtcs fm lgtic, msvgogs fm ngfmtg, olgqcs fm fcs x}ligfgs, ngtv`llc c ngomvg xgtg olgqgt lgs msvgogs, ogl xgtg ngtogt mb ml vmttmbc p b`qml fm ngbi}mtg xgtg a`kgt lg glv}tg g lg w}m fmdmtç `t ml x`sc `bvmt`ct fm lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb scdtm ml vmttmbc" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


4:

B`qmlgo`ÿb Fmsfm ml vtg{gfc fm lg cdtg ms ocbqmb`mbvm vmbmt mb o}mbvg g w}m glv}tg qg g w}mfgt ml x`sc `bvmt`ct fm lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb ocb tmlgo`ÿb gl b`qml fml vmttmbc p fm lg dgbw}mvg" Ms bmomsgt`c w}m msvm w}mfm ngs glvc w}m ml b`qml fml vmttmbc xgtg mq`vgt w}m sm nmvg ml gi}g fm ll}q`g c w}m sm vmbigb j}nmfgfms mb lcs n}tcs" Ms xct msvc w}m ml x`sc `bvmt`ct fmdm w}mfgt }bcs 4= c ?8on, gtt`dg fml vmttmbc, p o}gbfc nmbcs 7=on gtt`dg fml b`qml fm dgbw}mvg" jvvx;##yyy"ocbsvt}gxtmbfm"ocn#v#8:#V:xgi77"xjx Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


40

Xct mllc, ms bmomsgt`c a`kgt fmsfm ml xt`bo`x`c fm lg cdtg msvm b`qml" Msvc sm jgom ngtogbfc }bg tgpg mb tmamtmbo`g scdtm ml n}tc fm }bg fm lgs `bsvt}oo`cbms qmo`bgs c scdtm }b xcl`b olgqgfc mb ml vmttmbc" Msvg tgpg fmdm ngtogtsm }b nmvtc ngs gtt`dg fml b`qml fml x`sc `bvmt`ct w}m sm fmsmg vmbmt" Fmsfm msvg ngtog sm xgsgtgb vcfcs lcs b`qmlms g lg b}mqg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb nmf`gbvm }b $b`qml fm ngbi}mtg$" _cdtm ml xcl`b c n}tc fm tmamtmbo`g nçtw}mbsm 4= c ?8 on gtt`dg fml b`qml fml vmttmbc, l}mic 7n gtt`dg fm msg sm÷gl }bg b}mqg ngtog scdtm ml xcl`b c n}tc" Msvg }lv`ng ngtog smtq`tç mb vcfcs lcs vtgdgkcs fm lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb xgtg fmvmtn`bgt ml b`qml fm x`sc vmtn`bgfc fm lg ogsg"



?8

Dgboc fm b`qml



?7

Actng fm xgic VTG[C G NGBC _CDTM VMTTMBC BGV]TGL TMBF@N@MBVC_ ?9= N4#F@G OLGQM

OCBOMXVC

NGVMT@GLM_ DGTTCVM FM ?G DGTTCVM FM ?G OLGQC FM 4 7#4$ OGL J@FTGVGFG

]B@ FGF

XV XV EI VCB

OGBV@FGF

FM_XMTF@O@ OG OGBV" VCVG OC_VC ]B@ @ NXCTVM

8" 88411119 8" 88411119 8" 88411119 8" 88411119

8888-

8"88411119 8"88411119 8"88411119 8"88411119

&6="88 &6="88 &7:"88 &?="=8

_]NG NGVMT@GLM_

NGBC FM CDTG NC088 O]GFT@LLG FM GLDG×@LMT@G V]T

8" 88411119

8- 8"88411119

&9=="1=

&8"74 &8"74 &8"8= &8"80 &8"?:

&4"84

_]NG NGBC FM CDTG

&4"84

OC_VC F@TMOVC N4

&4"68

XV>X@M VGDLßB XGTG CDVMBMT LG ]B@FGF FM X@M VGDLßB FM O]GLW]@MT NGFMTG _M OGLO]LG G_@; GTMG FM LG _MOO@CB MB X]LIGFG_ z LCBI@V] LCBI@V]F F FM LG NGFMTG MB X@M_ ML TM_]LVGFC _M F@Q@FM MBVTM 74 > ]B@FGFM_ MB X@M VGDLßB



?4



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W}m ms lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb" O`nmbvgo`ÿb". ms lg xgtvm `bvmtnmf`g mbvtm lg s}xmtmsvt}ov}tg p ml s}mlc scdtm ml o}gl sm gxcpg }b mfàò`c" _} a}bo`ÿb ms lg fm vtgbsn`v`t ogtigs gl s}mlc" Msvm s}mlc fmdm smt ogxg{ fm tmo`d`t fòjgs ogtigs" Xgtg lc o}gl lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb fmdm smt oglo}lgfg p f`sm÷gfg"



?6

V@XC_ FM O@NMBVGO@ßB 7)

_}xmtaò`glms

4) Xtca}bfgs

O`nmbvgo`cbms s}xmtaò`glms" _cb lgs ngs ocn}bms, scb lgs w}m }sgncs mb q`q`mbfgs, xmw}m÷cs mfàò`cs, ocbsvt}oo`cbms lìmtgs, mvo" P o}gbfc ml vmttmbc ms f}tc g nmf`gbgnmbvm f}tc" O`nmbvgo`cbms xtca}bfgs" _cb gw}mllgs w}m sm }v`l`{gb xgtg itgbfms mfàògo`cbms, ocbsvt}oo`cbms xmsgfgs c o}gbfc ml vmttmbc ms dlgbfc"



?=

O`nmbvgo`cbms s}xmtaò`glms Ngnxcsvmtîgs  [gxgvgs  Lcsgs fm o`nmbvgo`ÿb 



?1

TMW]@_@VC_ IMBMTGLM_ XGTG ]BG O@NMBVGO@ßB g)

Vcfg oo`n Vcfg `nmb mbvg vgo` o`ÿb ÿb ffmd mdmt mtçç fm fmsx sxlg lgbv bvgt gtsm sm g }}bg bg xt xtca ca}b }bf` f`fg fgff gfmo}gfg, ms fmo`t, scdtm vmttmbc a`tnm"

d)

Ml s`sv s`svmn mngg fm fm o`n o`nmb mbvgo vgo`ÿ `ÿbb fm fmdmt dmtçç smt smt sm smi}t i}tcc ocb ocbvtvtgg ml ml nc ncnm nmbvc bvc fm qclvmc, tcvgo`ÿb, fmsl`{gn`mbvc c t}xv}tg fml s}mlc *agllg gl msa}mt{c octvgbvm)"



?9

TMW]@_@VC_ IMBMTGLM_ XGTG ]BG O@NMBVGO@ßB o) f)

m)

Fmdmtçç mq` Fmdmt mq`vgt vgtsm sm lg oc octt ttcs cs`ÿ `ÿbb fml fml go gomt mtcc fm fm tma tma}mt }mt{c {c p mmll fmvm fmvmt`t`ct ctcc fm fm lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb ocbvtg gimbvms bco`qcs" Lcs gs gsmb mbvgn vgn`m `mbvc bvcss fà fàmt mtmb mbo` o`gl glms ms fmdmb fmdmb sm smtt vcl vclmt mtgdl gdlms ms xc xctt ml ml s`s s`svm vmng ng fm lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb"

Lg o`nmb mbvvgo go``ÿb fm fmdm dmttç smt smt mocb cbÿÿnòg"



?:

XTCA]BF@FGF FM FM_XLGBVM Lgs o`nmbvgo`cbms s}xmtaò`glms fmdmtçb fmsxlgbvgtsm fmdgkc fm lg ogxg qmimvgl fml s}mlc, g }bg xtca}bf`fgf vgl, w}m bc octtg xmlìtc fm w}mfgt fmsvgxgfg c scogqgfg xct lg goo`ÿb fml q`mbvc c fml gi}g *xl}q`gl c s}dvmttçbmg)"



?0

Mkmnxlcs fm o`n`mbvcs fm ngnxcsvmtîg



68

_CL]O@CBM_ G VMTTMBC_ @BOL@BGFC_ O}gbfc mb }b vmttmbc sm xtmsmbvgb fmsb`qmlms `nxctvgbvms, xcftç cxvgtsm xct msoglcbgt lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb fm go}mtfc ocb lg tmf msvt}ov}tgl c, d`mb, xcftç tmllmbgtsm xmtamovgnmbvm xgtg gxcpgt fm ngbmtg gfmo}gfg lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb" Mb b`biûb ogsc fmdmtç fmsxlgbvgtsm }bg o`nmbvgo`ÿb scdtm }bg s}xmtaò`m `bol`bgfg, fmd`fc gl xcs`dlm fmsl`{gn`mbvc xtcqcogfc xct lg a}mt{g vgbimbo`gl g lg s}xmtaò`m s}xm taò`m fm gxcpc"



67

_CL]O@CBM_ G VMTTMBC_ @BOL@BGFC @BOL@BGFC_ _



64

NGW]@BGT@G XGTG TMLLMBC_ *VMTTGXLMB) TCF@LLC XT:

DG@LGT@BG

TCF@LLC FCDLM Q@DTCOCNXGOVGFCT Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


6?

O@N@MBVC_ FM NGNXC_VMT@G _cb o`n`mbvcs fm v`xc s}xmtaò`gl" O}gbfc sm f`sm÷g }bg o`nmbvgo`ÿb p lcs tms}lvgfcs fmdmb qgo`gtsm mb xlgbcs" Msvcs xlgbcs w}m sm llgngb “msvt}ov}tglms„ llmqgtçb bcvgs w}m `bf`w}mb lcs ngvmt`glms p ml xtcomsc ocbsvt}ov`qc w}m sm tmgl`{gtg p w}m xmtn`vg igtgbv`{gt s} octtmovg mkmo}o`ÿb" Gli}bgs fm lgs bcvgs ngs `nxctvgbvms scb; 7) B` B`qm qmlm lmss fm fm fms fmsxl xlgb gbvm vm tm tmsx sxmo movc vc gl dg dgbo bocc fm fm b`q b`qml ml"" 4) Oc Ocvvgs xmt xmtamovg vgn nmbvm ffmmvgllgfgs" ?) Mb ml xl xlgb gbcc sm sm fmd fmdmm `bf `bfò ògt gt lg og ogxg xgo` o`fg fgff fm fm ogti ogtigg fml fml vmttmbc ocb lg o}gl sm f`sm÷c lg o`nmbvgo`ÿb" 6) V`xc fm nctvmtc" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


66

O@N@MBVC_ FM NGNXC_VMT@G FM X@MFTG"

Lgs f`nmbs`cbms p smoo`cbms fm lcs o`n`mbvcs sm `bfògtçb mb lcs xlgbcs msvt}ov}tglms octtmsxcbf`mbvms" _m mnxlmgtgb x`mftgs fm itgb vgng÷c, l`nx`gs, bc atgov}tgfgs, }b`fgs ocb nctvmtc fm omnmbvc;ogl;gtmbg, ocb k}bvgs bc fmngs`gfc itgbfms, tmllmbgbfc lgs cw}mfgfms fm lgs }b`cbms ocb x`mftgs fm nmbct vgng÷c" Ml msogtx`c fmdmtç smt ngpct g 18¸" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


6=

Lg octcbg fml o`n`mbvc bc smtç nmbct g ?8 on" *sm tmocn`mbfg }b gbojc fml fcdlm fml msxmsct fml n}tc)" Msvg fmdmtç tmngvgtsm ocb x`mftgs fm itgb vgng÷c xgtg mq`vgt k}bvgs mb ml gs`mbvc fm lg ogfmbg" Fmdmtçb xtmqmtsm lcs gbolgkms fm lcs ogsv`llcs fm go}mtfc g lc `bfògfc mb lcs xlgbcs fml xtcpmovc" _m fmkgtçb xtmq`svcs lcs xgscs fm f}ovcs fm `bsvglgo`cbms sgb`vgt`gs, j`ftç}lògs p mlàovtògs" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


61

FMVGLLM FML GBOLGKM FML O@N@MBVC Gbolgkm nîb`nc fm 68 on"



69

FMVGLLM FML XG_C FM @B_VGLGO@CBM_



6:

VGDLG FM XTCXCTO@CBGN@MBVC FM NCTVMTC M_VT]OV]TGL V@XC FM NCTVMT C

XGTVM_ FM OMNMBVC J@FTGÛL@O C

@

7

8

G

7#6

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7

7#6

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7

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EI#ON4 XGTVM_ FM OGL J@FTGVGFG

XGTVM_ FM GTMBG

BC NMBC_ FM 4"4= B@ NG_ FM ? QMOM_ QM OM_ LG _]NG FM OMNMBVGBVM_ MB QCL]NMB


TM_@_VMBO@G G OCNXTM_@ßB

74= 9= 68

60



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Actng fm xgic MZOGQGO@CB G NGBC MB NGVMT@GL V@XC @@, MB _MOC, XGTG OMXG_ JG_VG 7"=8N FM XTCA]BF@FGF TMBF@N@MBVC_ 7"9= N?#F@G NGBC FM CDTG OLGQM

OCBOMXVC ]B@ FGF

NC788

O]GFT@LLG N?

VMTTMBC V@XC @ VMTTMBC V@XC @@ VMTTMBC V@XC @@@


_]GQM NMF@C F]TC

V]TBC

8"=9764:=9

FM_XMTF@ O@ OG OGBV" VCVG OC OC_VC ]B@ @ NXCTVM

8-

8"=9764:=9

&?74"41

_]NG NGW]@BGT@G P MW

&79:"6? &79:"6?

OC_VC F@ TMOVC N?

&79:" 6?

G D O


=6

Actng fm xgic OCNXGOVGO@CB OCB DG@LGT@BG MB NGVMT@GL V@XC @@, MB _MOC, XGTG OMXG_ JG_VG 7"=8N FM XTCA]BF@FGF TMBF@N@MBVC_ 4= N4 NGBC FM CDTG OLGQM

OCBOMXVC

]B@FGF

DG@LGT@BG DG@LGT@BG N? NC788 O]GFT@LLG 7 *7 XMCB) KCT

V]TBC

FM_XMTF@O@ OG OGBV" VCVG OC_VC ]B@ @NXCTVM

8"86 8"86

88-

8"86 8"86

&6=8"88 &?74"41

_]NG NGW]@BGT@G P M

&7:"88 &74"60 &?8"60

OC_VC F@TMOVC N4

&?8"60

GA@BM FM MZOGQGO@CBM_ MB NGVMT@GL V@XC @@, G NGBC, FM 78 ON FM M_XM_CT XTCNMF@C, JG_VG 4"88N FM XTCA]BF@FGF, [CBG D TMBF@N@MBVC_ 71"=, 71"88, 70"48 OLGQM

OCBOMXVC

]B@FGF

NGBC FM CDTG NC888788 O]GFT@LLG 7 *7 XMCB) V]T


OGBV@FGF

FM_XMTF@O@ OG OGBV" VCVG OC OC_VC ]B@ @NXCTVM

8"81818181


8- 8"81818181 &407"?? _]NG NGBC FM CDTG

&79"11

OC_VC F@TMOVC N4

&79"11

==

Actng fm xgic O@N@MBVC_ FM NGNXC_VMT@G FM X@MFTG DTG[G G_MBVGFG OCB NCTVMTC OMNMBVC GTMBG 7;=, GOGTTMC NGVMT@GL XT@NMTG M_VGO@CB 48"88N TMBF@N@MBVC 4"4=, 4"9=, ?"88 N?#F@G OLGQM

OCBOMXVC

NGVMT@GLM_ GIT877:788 X@MFTG DTG[G

]B@ FGF

N?

NGBC FM CDTG NC888088 O]GFT@LLG 0 *7 CA@O@GL, 7 XMCB) V]T

DG_@OC_ G]Z@L@GTM_ NCTVMTC OMNMBVC GTMBG 7;= N?


OGBV@ FGF

FM_XMTF@ O@ OGBV" VCVG OC_VC ]B@ @ NXCTVM

7

8"????????

8"?


=8-

8-

78-

7"= &79:"?? _]NG NGVMT@GLM_

8"???????? & 9=="1= _]NG NGBC FM CDTG

&419"=8 &419"=8

&4=7":: &4=7"::

8"?? &7,484"9= _]NG NGW]@BGT@G P MW

&?01"07 &?01"07

OC_VC F@ TMOVC N?

&071" 40

=1

Actng fm xgic TMLLMBC P OCNXGOVGO@CB OCB DG@LGT@BG MB NGVMT@GL V@XC @@, MB _MOC, XGTG OMXG_ JG_VG 7"=8N FM XTCA]BF@FGF XTCA]BF@FGF,, FM_OGTIG L@DTM, NGVMT@GL NGVMT@GL OCNXGOV OCNXG OVC, C, [CBG G, @BOL]PM @BOL]PM VTG_XGLMC VTG_XGLM C TMBF@N@MBVC_ 9"88 N?#F@G NGBC FM CDTG OLGQM

OCBOMXVC

]B@FGF

DG@LGT@BG N? NC4888 O]GFT@LLG 7 *7 XMCB) KCT


V]TBC

FM_XMTF@O@ OG OGBV" VCVG OC_VC ]B@ @NXCTVM

8"764:=976 8"764:=976


8- 8"764:=976 8- 8"764:=976

&6=8"88 &?74"41

_]NG NGW]@BGT@G P M

&16"40 &66"17 &78:":0

OC_VC F@TMOVC N?

&78:":0

=9

LC_G_ FM O@NMBVGO@ßB Ms }bg msvt}ov}tg fm ocbotmvc v`xc lcsg w}m sm mnxlmg o}gbfc lg ogxgo`fgf fm ogtig fml vmttmbc ms n}p dgkg, p lgs {gxgvgs tms}lvgb }bg cxo`ÿb mocbÿnògnmbvm ogtg" Mz`svmb lcsgs fm o`nmbvgo`ÿb ngo`{gs p glìmtgfgs"

F`sm÷c Msvt}ov}tgl @Q

Gtw" K" Qòvct Nmbmsms Ognxcs

=:

Msw}mngs fm oÿnc scb p a}bo`cbgb lgs lcsgs fm o`nmbvgo`ÿb"



=0

GTNGFC FM ]BG LC_G FM O@NMBVGO@CB



18

MKMNXLC_ FM OCB_VT]OO@ßB FM LC_G_ FM O@NMBVGO@ßB



17



14



1?



16



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11



19



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10



98



97



94



9?

{gxgvgs fm ocbotmvc gtngfc



96

[GXGVG G@_LGFG



9=



91

OCB_VT]OO@CB FM ]BG [GXGVG



99

OCB_VT]OO@CB FM ]BG [GXGVG



9:

7". Msvt}ov}tg fm }bg Cdtg Gtw}`vmovÿbòg" 7"6" Mlmnmbvcs msvt}ov}tglms" Lcs mlmnmbvcs msvt}ov}tglms scb lcs mlmnmbvcs s}svmbvgbvms, ms fmo`t, lcs w}m scxctvgb lcs xmscs fm }bg mfàògo`ÿb" mfàògo`ÿb" _m ogtgovmt`{gb ogtgovmt`{gb xct w}m scb ocbsvt}oo`cbms ngo`{gs" ․

Lgs ocbsvt}oo`cbms ngo`{gs scb gw}mllgs w}m msvçb actngfgs imbmtglnmbvm xct mlmnmbvcs xmsgfcs" Xct mkmnxlc;

․

X`mftg, lgft`llc, dlcoe ngo`{c, ocbotmvc s`nxlm p gtngfc"

․

Xmta`lms lgn`bgfcs lgn`bgfcs fm gomtc, ocnc o cnc qìgs p xlgogs"

․

Mlmnmbvcs fm ngfmtg ocnc qìgs p xcl`bms

․

G s`nxlm q`svg bcs xcfmncs fgt o}mbvg w}m scb ocbsvt}oo`cbms xmsgfgs p ngs`qgs"

․

Vgnd`àb xcfmncs ocnxtcdgtlc fgbfc iclxms p gsî smbv`t lg scl`fm{ fm lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb"

․

Msvm v`xc fm ocbsvt}oo`ÿb ms ml nçs ocnûb mb b}msvtc gltmfmfct"



90

Xct mkmnxlc; ․ Ogsgs fm lgft`llc ocb ogsv`llcs, ogfmbgs p lcsgs fm ocbotmvc" ․ Msvt}ov}tgs fm bgqms `bf}svt`glms ocb qìgs p xlgogs fm gomtc" ․ Ogsgs fm ngfmtg ocb msvt}ov}tg fm qìgs fm ngfmtg"



:8

Mkmnxlcs fm ogsgs p mfàò`cs ocbsvt}`fgs ocb lgft`llc p ocbotmvc gtngfc"



:7

Mkmnxlcs fm ogsgs ocbsvt}`fgs ocb lgft`llc p ocbotmvc gtngfc"



:4

Mkmnxlcs fm bgqms `bf}svt`glms ocbsvt}`fgs ocb qìgs p xlgogs fm gomtc"



:?



:6

Mkmnxlcs fm ogsgs ocbsvt}`fgs ocb ngfmtg ngo`{g"



:=

7". Msvt}ov}tg fm }bg Cdtg Gtw}`vmovÿbòg" 7"=" N}tcs" N]TC_ ]b n}tc ms }bg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb w}m xtmsmbvg }bg s}xmtaò`m qmtvògl p s`tqm xgtg omttgt }b msxgo`c" Lcs jgp ocbsvt}`fcs fm f`qmtscs ngvmt`glms ocnc, ngnxcsvmtîgs, ngfmtg, nmvgl, mvo"

V@XC_ FM N]TC_ N}tcs fm ogtig p F`q`sct`cs ․ Lcs n}tcs fm ogtig scb gw}mllcs w}m scb ml scxctvm fm gli}bg msvt}ov}tg c lcsg5 fmdmb smt ocbsvt}`fcs ocb ngvmt`glms tms`svmbvms ocnc ngnxcsvmtîgs, gomtc p ngfmtg" Fmdmb smt f`sm÷gfcs msvt}ov}tglnmbvm" ․

Lcs n}tcs f`q`sct`cs x}mfmb ocbsvt}`tsm ocb ngvmt`glms lìmtcs ocnc ngfmtg, vgdlgtcog, ot`svgl, mvo" _} a}bo`ÿb ms ûbògnmbvm smxgtgt msxgo`cs s`b ogtigt bgfg scdtm mllcs"



:1

N}tcs bc tmact{gfcs" NGNXC_VMTÎG FM X@MFTG_ BGV]TGLM_



:9

VGDLG FM XTCXCTO@CBGN@MBVC FM NCTVMTC M_VT]OV]TGL V@XC FM NCTVMT C

XGTVM_ FM OMNMBVC J@FTGÛL@O C

@

7

8

G

7#6

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7

7#6

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7

7#4

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EI#ON4 XGTVM_ FM OGL J@FTGVGFG

XGTVM_ FM GTMBG

BC NMBC_ FM 4"4= B@ NG_ FM ? QMOM_ QM OM_ LG _]NG FM OMNMBVGBVM_ MB QCL]NMB

TM_@_VMBO@G G OCNXTM_@ßB

74= 9= 68

FC_@A@OGO@CB FM OCBOTMVC a)o 788 7=8 488 4=8 ?88

OMNMBVC OMNM BVC 7"8 7"8 7"8 7"8 7"8 d}lvcs

GI]G 4"8 4"8 7"= 7"= 7"8 dcvms

GTMBG 1"= ="8 6"8 ?"= 4"= dcvms

ITGQG ITGQG 9"8 1"8 ="8 6"= ?"= dcvms

itgqg fm ?#6$ Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


::

N}tcs fm ngnxcsvmtîg" Gngttms jct`{cbvglms, qmtvòglms m `bol`bgfcs" Xct msvm v`xc fm gngttms mbvmbfmncs, lc w}m sm llgng ogsv`llcs p ogfmbgs" Msvcs scb mlmnmbvcs fm ocbotmvc tmact{gfc w}m s`tqmb xgtg jgomt “gngttms„ mbvtm cvtcs mlmnmbvcs, xct mkmnxlc; lcsgs, n}tcs, o`n`mbvcs, mvo" _cb mlmnmbvcs fm }b`ÿb c lìg" O}gbfc msvçb oclcogfcs mb actng jct`{cbvgl m `bol`bgfg sm llgngb ogfmbgs p#c fglgs" O}gbfc s} xcsò`ÿb aîsòg ms mb actng qmtvògl sm llgngb ogsv`llcs" G}bw}m xtçovògnmbvm ms ml n`snc mlmnmbvc" Mb gli}bcs ogscs g lgs ogfmbgs w}m msvçb scdtm lcs o`n`mbvcs sm lms llgng msxmoîaògnmbvm fglgs" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


:0

Cvtg a}bo`ÿb msvt}ov}tgl n}p `nxctvgbvm fm msvcs mlmnmbvcs ms lg fm tmact{gt n}tcs p }bàctngt ogtigs" Vgnd`àb sm fòm w}m lcs ogsv`llcs p ogfmbgs fgb “ocba`bgn`mbvc g lcs n}tcs fm ngnxcsvmtîg„5 ms fmo`t, ngbv`mbmb a}mtvmnmbvm }b`fcs lcs lgft`llcs c dlcoes nmf`gbvm “ngtocs msvt}ov}tglms„ ocb w}m x}mfm msvgt agdtògfc }b n}tc"



08



07



04

7". Msvt}ov}tg fm }bg Cdtg Gtw}`vmovÿbòg" 7"1" Lcsgs" Lgs lcsgs scb mlmnmbvcs msvt}ov}tglms o}pgs f`nmbs`cbms mb xlgbvg scb tmlgv`qgnmbvm itgbfms mb ocnxgtgo`ÿb ocb s} xmtglvm" Lgs goo`cbms xt`bo`xglms scdtm lgs lcsgs scb ogtigs bctnglms g s} xlgbc, pg w}m sm }sgb xgtg f`sxcbmt fm s}xmtaò`ms ûv`lms jct`{cbvglms ocnc lcs x`scs fm mfàò`cs c lgs o}d`mtvgs fm x}mbvms"



0?

Lcsgs fm mbvtmx`sc Lgs lcsgs fm mbvtmx`sc sm ocbs`fmtgb ocnc }bc fm lcs mlmnmbvcs nçs fmlògfcs mb lg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb fm q`q`mbfg, pg w}m }bg oclcogo`ÿb `bocttmovg fml gomtc fm tma}mt{c x}mfm llmqgtlg gl oclgxsc s`b bmoms`fgf fm w}m scdtmqmbig }b s`snc" ․ Lcsgs c xlgogs xlgogs fm mbvtmx`sc mbvtmx`sc scb lcs mlmnmbvcs tîi`fcs tîi`fcs w}m smxgtgb }b x`sc fm cvtc, ocbsvt}`fcs ncbclîvògnmbvm c mb actng fm qìgs s}oms`qgs gxcpgfgs scdtm lcs n}tcs msvt}ov}tglms" msvt}ov}tglms" A]BO@CBM_ Lgs lcsgs c xlgogs fm mbvtmx`sc o}nxlmb lgs sì}`mbvms a}bo`cbms; ․ A}bo`ÿb gtw}`vmovÿbòg; _mxgtg }bcs msxgo`cs qmtvòglms actngbfc lcs fàmtmbvms x`scs fm }bg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb5 xgtg w}m msvg a}bo`ÿb sm o}nxlg fm }bg ngbmtg gfmo}gfg, lg lcsg fmdm igtgbv`{gt ml g`slgn`mbvc fml t}`fc, fml oglct p fm q`s`ÿb f`tmovg, ms fmo`t, w}m bc fmkm qmt lgs ocsgs fm }b lgfc g cvtc" ․ A}bo`ÿb msvt}ov}tgl ; Lgs lcsgs c xlgogs fmdmb smt ogxgoms fm scsvmbmt lgs ogtigs fm smtqò`c ocnc ml ncd`l`gt`c p lgs xmtscbgs, lc n`snc w}m s} xtcx`c xmsc p ml fm lcs gogdgfcs gogdgfcs ocnc x`scs p tmqcw}ms" Gfmnçs actngb }b f`gatging tîi`fc `bvmtnmf`c, xgtg gvmbfmt lg a}bo`ÿb sîsnòg fml ocbk}bvc" Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


06



0=

LC_G_

LC_G FM G[CVMG

7 LMOJGFG FM OMNMBVC 4 MBLGFT@LLGFC ? NCTVMTC XGTG XMIGT O]GFTGFC 6 @NXMTNMGD@L@[GBVM = MBVCTVGFC FM OMNMBVC Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm

1 TMLLMBC XGTG XMBF@MBVM 9 LC_G FM OCBOTMVC : GXLGBGFC FM PM_C 0 X@BV]TG C V@TCL


01

Msxmoàògo`cbms imbmtglms . Xtmq`c gl oclgfc, oclgfc, sm qmtàògtç w}m lg o`ndtg xtmsmbvm lg tì`fm{ bmomsgt`g xgtg w}m bc xtmsmbvm fmalmz`cbms w}m xtcqcw}mb lg fmactngo`ÿb fm lg lcsg" Gsî n`snc sm `bsxmoo`cbgtç w}m mb s} o}d`mtvg mz`svg f`msml c gom`vm w}mngfc xgtg mq`vgt w}m ml ocbotmvc sm gfj`mtg g lg o`ndtg" ․

Gbvò`xgfgnmbvm gl oclgfc, lg o`ndtg fmdmtç fm j}nmfmomtsm, xgtg w}m msvg bc gdsctdg ml gi}g fml ocbotmvc, gsî ocnc xtcqcogt ml msxcbkgn`mbvc fm lg ngfmtg p o`mttm lgs k}bvgs fm lg ngfmtg"

․

_m s}xmtq`sgtç ml vmbf`fc fm lgs `bsvglgo`cbms w}m fmdgb msvgt mndmd`fgs mb lg lcsg *`bsvglgo`cbms mlàovtògs)"

․

Fmdmtç vmbmtsm msxmo`gl o}`fgfc mb gvmbfmt ml xtcxcto`cbgn`mbvc fm lg nm{olg `bfògfg *mb qcl}nmb)"

․

Xtmamt`dlm s` sm }v`l`{g q`dtgfct xgtg lg ocnxgovgo`ÿb fml ocbotmvc"



09

․

Lcsg fm Ocbotmvc Gtngfc ]bg lcsg fm ocbotmvc gtngfc ms }bc fm lcs s`svmngs fm mbvtmx`sc ngs ocn}bms " Jgomt }bg lcsg fm ocbotmvc gtngfc ms }bg fm lgs xgtvms nçs lgdct`csgs p ocnxlògfgs fm }bg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb" Ml ocbotmvc tms`svm n}ojc xmsc mbo`ng, ms fmo`t, tms`svm n}ojc lg ocnxtms`ÿb, xmtc ms fàd`l g lg vmbs`ÿb" Ml a`mttc, mb ognd`c, ms n}p tms`svmbvm g lg vmbs`ÿb" Xct msc o}gbfc sm }sgb k}bvcs, ocnc mb lg lg lcsg fm ocbotmvc ocbotmvc gtngfc, tms}lvgb mbvtmx`scs p vmojcs s}ngnmbvm tms`svmbvms"

Gl jgomt lg lcsg, jgp vtms vgtmgs xt`bo`xglms; ocbsvt}`t lg o`ndtg, gtngt lcs tma}mt{cs fm lg qgt`llgXtca" p oclgt ml ocbotmvc Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm Kcsà Qòvct Nmbmsms 0:



00

O]TGFC ]bg ngbmtg fm o}tgt ml ocbotmvc ms tmigt gi}g jgsvg w}m sm mbojgtw}m, vtms vtms qmoms gl fîg, f}tgbvm 78 fîgs" lc `nxctvgbvm ms w}m bc x`mtfg x`mtfg gi}g dt}sognmbvm, }bg qm{ w}m sm qgoîg qgoîg ml ocbotmvc, fmdm xmtngbmomt s`b ogtig gli}bg xct lc nmbcs lgs xt`nmtgs : jctgs" ․

FM_O@NDTGFC G lcs 7= fîgs fml oclgfc, pg sm x}mfm x}mfm w}`vgt lg o`ndtg, o}`fgfcsgnmbvm, s`b tcnxmt lg ngfmtg" Xt`nmtc sm w}`vgb lgs o}÷gs5 l}mic, l}mic, lcs gttgsvtms" Fmsx}às lcs x`ms fmtmojcs ocb lgs qìgs ngft`bgs" gl a`bgl a`bgl lg vgt`ng ocb lcs xcl`bms " Ms bmomsgt`c fmkgt }bc c fcs x}bvglms mb ml ombvtc, xgtg w}`vgtlcs jgsvg 4: fîgs fmsx}às fml oclgfc" ․

VMTN@BGFC FM LG G[CVMG O}gbfc lg lcsg fm lg g{cvmg ms jct`{cbvgl, ms bmomsgt`c fgtlm }bg `bol`bgo`ÿb w}m xtcqcw}m ml mso}tt`n`mbvc p sgl`fg fml gi}g fm lg ll}q`g ll}q`g tçx`fgnmbvm s`b w}m sm xtcf}{ogb mbojgtogn`mbvcs b` j}nmfgfms" Msvg `bol`bgo`ÿb sm jgom xct nmf`c fm }b tmllmbc fm gtmbg c x`mftg lìmtg p }b mblgft`llgfc" ․



788

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_



LC_G_

787




LC_G_

784




LC_G_

78?




LC_G_

786




LC_G_

78=




LC_G_

781


Gx}bvglgn`mbvc _m oclcogb x}bvglms p lgti}mtcs fm gxcpc p b`qmlgo`ÿb" p sm tmv`tgb g lcs 9 fîgs fml oclgfc fm lg ogxg fm ocnxtms`ÿb" BCVG; BCVG; ocbs`fmtgt ocbvtg almojg fml 7- fml olgtc Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm

LC_G_

Oclcogt lgs qì}mvgs G xgtv`t fml n}tc fm gttgbw}m sm oclcogb lg xt`nmtg qì}mvg tmsxmvgbfc mb lc xcs`dlm lg smxgtgo`ÿb mbvtm qì}mvgs" BCVG; BCVG; sm tmocn`mbfg w}m sm o}mlm lg ogxg fm ocnxtms`ÿb k}bvc ocb lgs vtgdms c omttgn`mbvcs" Fm go}mtfc g lgs nmf`fgs fm lg lcsg lg xt`nmtg qì}mvg x}mfm msvgt g 98 on fml n}tc fm gttgbw}m c d`mb k}bvc g lg vtgdm c omttgn`mbvc


789

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_ [GXGVG_

Oclcogt lgs dcqmf`llgs _m oclcogb lgs dcqmf`llgs o}`fgbfc w}m w}mfmb d`mb gsmbvgfgs p lc nçs k}bvgs xcs`dlm" F}tgbvm msvm xtcomsc sm oclcogb lgs Gl`bmgt lgs qì}mvgs `bsvglgo`cbms mlàovtògs, j`ftç}lògs p _m oclcogb dcqmf`llgs mb lcs mzvtmncs xgtg sgb`vgt`gs" p o}glw}`mt cvtg xtmxgtgo`ÿb" cdvmbmt lg smxgtgo`ÿb octtmovg fm lgs qì}mvgs Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


78:

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_ [GXGVG_

Oclcogt lg ngllg mlmovtc sclfgfg _m xtmsmbvg p octvg gl vgng÷c tmw}mt`fc p sm gngttg ocb glgndtm tmoco`fc g lg qgt`llg s}xmt`ct fm lgs qì}mvgs p g lcs omttgn`mbvcs" BCVG; xgtg ogxgs fm ? g 6 on sm tmocn`mbfg ngllg mlmovtc.sclfgfg 11z78z78 p xgtg ogxgs fm = on ngllg mlmovtc sclfgfg 11z:z: Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm

Oclgt lg ogxg fm ocnxtms`ÿb _m vgxgb lcs j}mocs fm lgs dcqmf`llgs fm lcs mzvtmncs p#c gw}mllgs w}m sm jgpgb tmoctvgfc xgtg gk}svgt ml olgtc" sm nckgb xmtamovgnmbvm lgs qì}mvgs p dcqmf`llgs p sm o}mlg fm ? g = on fm ocbotmvc smiûb lg ngllg }v`l`{gfg""


780

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_ Qì}mvg p dcqmf`llg gxcpgfgs mb vtgdm `bqmtv`fg Qì}mvg p dcqmf`llg

LC_G_

Qì}mvgs mb o}ndtmtg gxcpgfgs mb vtgdm

gxcpgfgs mb vtgdm `bqmtv`fg

Qì}mvg p dcqmf`llg gxcpgfgs scdtm vtgdm Qì}mvg p dcqmf`llg dc qmf`llg

Qì}mvg mb o}ndtmtg

gxcpgfgs scdtm vtgdm



778


LC_G_

Fcdlm qì}mvg xgtg ogtigt n}tc f`q`sct`c

Qì}mvg p dcqmf`llg gxcpgfgs mb n}tc `bvmt`ct

O}ndtmtg ocb fcdlm qì}mvg

lcsg mb dg÷c Glvmtbgv`qg Glvmtbgv`qg 4 ocb tmllmbc scdtm lcsg



777

7". Msvt}ov}tg fm }bg Cdtg Gtw}`vmovÿbòg" 7"9" A`tnms"



774




A@TNM_

77?




A@TNM_

776

A@TNM_



77=

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_ M_VT]OV]TG LM_



A@TNM_

771

MLMNMBVC_ M_VT]OV]TGLM_ M_VT]OV]TG LM_



A@TNM_

779

7":" Gogdgfcs `bò`glms" 7"0" Gogdgfcs a`bglms"


GOGDGFC_ MKMNXLC 7


77:




770




748




747




744



74?



746



74=



741

GOGDGFC_ MKMNXLC 4



749



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7?=



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768



767

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764



76?



766



76=

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1

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8"4=8 8"?:6 8"==9 8"001 7"=18 4"4=8 ?"09=

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8

769

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Ngb}gl vclvmog fm g}vcocbsvt}oo`ÿb p nmkctgn`mbvc fm lg q`q`mbfg



76:

Vgdlgtcog 2 _`svmng fm ocbsvt}oo`ÿb lìmtg xgtg n}tcs f`q`sct`cs p xlgacbms" Lg mqcl}o`ÿb fml s`svmng ocbsvt}ov`qc xct s}s bcdlms ogtgovmtîsvògs; 2 Ocbsvt}oo`ÿb mb smoc 2 Tgx`fm{ fm `bsvglgo`ÿb 2 Fmoctgo`ÿb tçx`fg 2 Tms`svmbo`g gl a}mic 2 Tms`svmbo`g gl git`mvgn`mbvc 2 Msvgd`l`fgf f`nmbs`cbgl 2 F`sxcb`d`l`fgf 2 _cl}o`cbms F}tcoe 2 Vgdlmtcs fm omnmbvc xgtg ocbsvt}oo`ÿb mzvmt`ct; agojgfgs, aglfcbms, ngbsgtfgs, xlgacbms, n}tcs mb {cbgs jûnmfgs p fmvgllms fmoctgv`qcs w}m x}mfmb smt ocbsvt}`fcs mb smoc, tçx`fg p l`nx`gnmbvm, gitmigbfc 760 }b xmsc nîb`nc g lg msvt}ov}tg p o`nmbvgo`ÿb"

Vgdlmtcs fm pmsc 2 Mz`svm sclgnmbvm }b vgdlmtc fm pmsc ngtog Vgdlgtcog¢ xgtg n}tcs `bvmt`ctms p xlgacbms, fmsgttcllgfc p nmkctgfc mb actng ocbsvgbvm xct ]_I" 2 _m ocnxcbm fm }b bûolmc ocbvtg a}mic mbogxs}lgfc mb it}msc xgxml tmoòlgfc fm gogdgfc bgv}tgl mb lg ogtg gxgtmbvm p }b xgxml f}tc, tmoòlgfc, xgtg tmo}dt`n`mbvc mb lg ogxg xcsvmt`ct" Vtms ocbaì}tgo`cbms fm dctfms; Tmdgkgfc dclmgfc, d`smlgfc fcdlm p o}gftgfc"

7=8

Vgdlmtcs fm pmsc *v`xcs) 2 Vgdlmtc fm pmsc `fmgl xgtg n}tcs f`q`sct`cs p xlgacbms" 2 Ocnd`bgb vcfgs lgs qmbvgkgs fm lcs vgdlmtcs bctnglms ocb }bg tms`svmbo`g gfò`cbgl g lg mzxcsò`ÿb fml a}mic" 2 Vgdlmtc fm pmsc tms`svmbvm g lg j}nmfgf" 2 Vgdlmtcs fm pmsc tms`svmbvms gl a}mic p g lg j}nmfgf xgtg tmo}dt`n`mbvcs fm omtçnòg p x`bv}tgs xlçsvògs mlgsvcnàtògs c msnglvm" 2 Bûolmc pmsc xgtg n}tcs f}ovc c n}tcs fm mlmqgfctms"

7=7

7=4

7=?

7=6

7==

7=1

7=9

Kcsà Qòvct Nmbmsms Ognxcs

kcq`nmogHing`l"ocn

X}mdlg, Nàzòc" SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS Ngvmt`glms p vmobògs fm


7=:

Materiales y Tecnicas de Instalacion I

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