Nhsusuo L`fm3 D F @LI[LD @LI[LD 7
RFDL@AM ^HOEEH H@IV FDLOLIH [FWGAOAR RVWAGAXA C@. Oehonfo Rfil`l 2> - 2: Ruragaya :;11=
Nhsusuo L`fm3 1. 7. 2. >. 6. :.
Jfgrhaoa Cushda A Navhfn Caoaotl Jfr`hoa Nwhoa N Emhoa Ourjauzyyam Olvhao Oavas I Iuhzzatho
(7;1:71;;:;) (7;1:71;;:6) (7;1:71;;55) (7;1:71;;58) (7;1:71;;=5) (7;1:71;28>)
Rtratfeh [frusamaao nao [fiasarao3 Gfrihtra uotud Ifigaoeuo Muguoeao [f`aoeeao Na`ai gfrghsohs dhta thnad adao `fpas nfoeao hsth`am pfiasarao, pfiasarao nfoeao ghsohs ma` yaoe sa`hoe tfrdaht satu saia `aho yaoe thnad ghsa nh phsamdao sfgag sfsflraoe yaoe hoeho ifo canh sfguam pfoeusama yaoe mfgat nh na`ai suatu pfrusamaaooya yahtu marus ghsa ifigaoeuo muguoeao yaoe gahd nfoeao dlosuifo atau pf`aoeeao dhta daroa ifigaoeuo suatu muguoeao yaoe gahd nfoeao dlosuifo atau ifigfrhdao suatu dfpuasao dlosuifo nfoeao gfrgaeah suatu `ayaoao prlnud atau casa yaoe dhta gfrhdao ma` tfrsfgut adao gfrnaipad gahd cuea nh dfnfpaooya, sfgag dfmh`aoeao satu dlosuifo saia nfoeao dfmh`aoeao sfrhgu pf`aoeeao nhdfiunhao marh, l`fm darfoa htu gudao maoya pfiasardao ghsohs suatu pfrusamaao aca tftaph gaeah iaoa suatu pfrusamaao napat gfrmuguoeao gahd nfoeao pf`aoeeaooya. [asthoya sfgaeah sflraoe pfighsohs ifipuoyah tueas pfothoe yahtu thnad hoeho pf`aoeeao dhta gfra`hm df prlnud `ahooya. [frusamaao yaoe gfrmash` pana saat hoh „ „ gahd pfrusamaao gfsar atau dfbh`, `aga atau ohr`aga, nlifsthd atau e`lga`-ifih`hdh jldus pf`aoeeao yaoe duat nao dlihtifo dlihtifo gfsar tfrmanap pfiasarao, Rf`aho htu nh Honlofsha sunam iasudoya Iasyaradat Fdlolih ARFAO (IFA) ma` tfrsfgut ifonlrloe suatu pfrusamaao gfr`liga-`liga ifobhptadao prlnud ataupuo casa gfraofda raeai yaoe napat ififoumh dfgutumao nasar dlosuifo, sfrta gfrgaeah `ayaoao yaoe napat ifipfriunam dlosuifo napat ifofiudao prlnud ataupuo casa yaoe hoeho ifrfda hoehodao.. H.
Nfjhohsh Rtratfeh [fiasarao 3
Rtratfeh pfiasarao ifrupadao suatu dfehatao yaoe saoeat pfothoe gaeh pfrusamaao yahtu nh iaoa stratfeh pfiasarao tfrsfgut ifrupadao suatu bara gfrsahoe nfoeao pfrusamaao garaoe nao casa yaoe sfrupa `ahooya aear napat ifobapahoya suatu tucuao narh sfguam pfrusamaao marus ifobhptadao stratfeh gahd narh dua`htas prlnud atau casa, `ayaoao nao sfgaeahoya ma` tfrsfgut aear ifoarhd sfguam dlosuifo uotud napat ifiadah suatu prlnud atau casaoya. HH.
[foefrthao [foefrthao Ifourut [ara Am`h 3
Ifourut [mh`hp Dlt`fr ( 7;;>, =1 ) 3 ‐Rtratfeh [fiasarao ana`am pl`a phdhr pfiasarao yaoe adao nheuoadao uotud ifoba pah ifoba pah tucuao pfiasaraooya. Rtratfeh pfiasarao gfrhsh stratfeh spfshjhd uotud pasar sasarao, pfoftapao plshsh, gaurao pfiasarao nao gfsaroya pfoef`uarao pfiasarao.’ pfiasarao.’ Ifourut tchptlol ( 7;;7, : ) 3 ‐Rtratfeh pfiasarao ana`am a`at juonaifota` yaoe nhrfobaoadao uotud ifobapah pfrusamaao nfoeao ifoefigaoedao dfuoeeu`ao gfrsahoe yaoe gfrdfshoaiguoeao if`a`uh pasar yaoe nhiasudh nao prlerai pfiasarao yaoe nheuoadao uotud if`ayaoh pasar sasarao tfrsfgut.’ Ifourut Dlt`fr nao Df``fr ( 7;;836 ) 3 ‐[fiasarao ana`am suatu juoesh lreaohsash nao sfraoedahao prlsfs uotud ifobhptadao, ifoedliuohdashdao, nao ifigfrhdao oh`ah dfpana pf`aoeeao nao uotud ifoef`l`a muguoeao pf`aoeeao nfoeao bara yaoe ifoeuotuoedao lreaohsash nao pfiaoedu dfpfothoeaooya’
Ifourut Masao ( 7;123> ) 3 pfiasarao ana`am prlsfs ifoehnfothjhdash, ifobhptadao nao ifoedliuohdashdao oh`ah, sfrta ifif`hmara muguoeao yaoe ifiuasdao pf`aoeeao uotud ifiadshia`dao dfuotuoeao pfrusamaao. Ifourut ( Rwastma nao Hrawao, 7;;=36 ) 3 ‐[fiasarao ifrupadao sa`am satu narh dfehatao-dfehatao pldld yaoe nh`adudao l`fm para pfoeusama na`ai usamaoya uotud ifipfrtamaodao df`aoesuoeao mhnupoya, uotud gfrdfigaoe nao ifonapatdao `aga’ HHH.
^ucuao [fiasarao 3
-Votud ifigaoeuo nao ifoata muguoeao pf`aoeeao yaoe gahd ia`a`uh gfrgaeah `ayaoao. -Gfrusama ifoarhd pf`aoeeao garu nfoeao ifocaochdao df uoeeu` / iutu nh sfeh prlnud ataupuo casa yaoe nhtawardao -Votud ifipfrtamaodao nao ifouigumdao pf`aoeeao yaoe ana nfoeao ifigfrhdao dfpuasao nfoeao ifiamaih gahd sfbara yaoe nhhoehodao pf`aoeeao. -Votud ifipfrduat pfrusamaao na`ai sfeh `aga / prljht yaoe nh bapah. -Votud napat nhpfrbaya dlosuifo tfotaoe prlnud ataupuo casa yaoe nhtawardao HZ.
^ucuao [fiasarao Rpfshjhd 3
-Jldus pana pfohoedatao pfocua`ao sfbara dfsf`urumao -Dwa`htas / df`as prlnud -Uh`ayam eflerajhs atau iabai-iabai pf`aoeeao -Zl`uif pfocua`ao yaoe `fghm gfsar, chda vl`uif pfocua`ao `fghm gfsar iada ghaya prlnudsh yaoe nhdf`uardao suatu pfrusamaao sfiadho `fghm rfonam nao `aga yaoe nhmash`dao `fghm thoeeh Z.
Rtratfeh [frusamaao [frusamaao na`ai [fiasarao Na`ai Gfrsahoe, If`hputh 3
-Rtratfeh Marea3 Ifoftapao marea cua` garaoe yaoe tfpat thnad sf`a`u gfrarth gamwa marea marus`am nhtftapdao rfonam atau sfrfonam iuoedho -Rtratfeh [rlilsh3 Dfehatao yaoe tfrtucu uotud ifipfoearumh dlosuifo aear ifrfda napat ifocanh dfoa` adao prlnud yaoe nhtawardao l`fm pfrusamaao ifrfda nao dfiunhao ifrfda napat sfoaoe `a`u ifigf`h prlnud tfrsfgut -Rtratfeh Ra`urao Nhstrhgush3 Ruatu dfehatao nhiaoa pfoeusama ifoyfgardao garaoe garaoeoya dftfipat dlosuifo gfrana, Nhgaeh ifocanh nua3 1. Ra`urao Nhstrhgush @aoesuoe3 [foeusama gfrusama uotud ifoya`urdao garaoe garaoeoya yaoe nhgf`h l`fm dlosuifo dlosuifo sfbara `aoesuoe df tfipat dlosuifo thoeea`. thoeea`. 7. Ra`urao Nhstrhgush ^hnad @aoesuoe3 [foeusama ifoeeuoadao phmad-phmad `uar uotud ifigaotu ifoya`urdao garaoeoya dfdlosuifo. [hmad `uar tfrsfgut ifrupadao pfoya`ur atau pfnaeaoe sfifotara.
ZH.
1.
^hea [frfobaoaao Rtratfeh [fiasarao 3
[frfobaoaao Rtratfehs3 [frfobaoaao stratfehs ifigfrhdao nasar gaeh pfrfobaoaao `aocutao pfrusamaao uotud gfrdlotrhgush pfiasarao gaeh pfrfobaoaao stratfehs, nao dfsf`urumao rfobaoa ifonfjhohshdao pfraoao pfiasarao na`ai pfrusamaao [foefigaoeao Rtratfehs3 [frfobaoaao stratfehs if`hgatdao pfoefigaoeao stratfeh uotud df`aoesuoeao mhnup nao pfrtuigumao caoeda paocaoe
7.
[foefigaoeao Rtratfehs ifobadup fipat fipat `aoedam3 `aoedam3 1.Ifonfjhohshdao ihsh pfrusamaao sfbara cf`as 7.Ifiguat sasarao nao tucuao 2.Ifonfsaho plrtljl`hl ghsohs >.Ifoefigaoedao rfobaoa juoeshloa` ZHH.
Bara pfrusamaao napat ifobapah muguoeao dfihtraao nfoeao pf`aoeeao 3
- [fiasar thnad napat ifoemash`dao oh`ah yaoe uoeeu` gaeh pf`aoeeaooya apagh`a gfdfrca sfonhrhao - If`adsaoadao adthvhtas gfroh`ah taigam gaeh pf`aoeeao - Gfdfrca saia nfoeao gahd uotud if`ayaoh pf`aoeeao ZHHH.
Juoesh gfrihtra napat ifigaoeuo muguoeao pf`aoeeao 3
Iaoacfifo muguoeao dfihtraao gfdfrca sfbara frat nfoeao rfdao na`ai nfpartfifo `ahooya nh pfrusamaao nao ifigfotud raotah oh`ah (va`uf bmaho) uotud if`ayaoh pf`aoeeao Iaoacfifo muguoeao dfihtraao marus gfdfrca saia sfbara fjfdthj nfoeao pfrusamaao `ahooya na`ai shstfi pfiasarao uotud ifigfotud carhoeao pfoemaotar oh`ah (va`uf nf`hvfry oftwlrd) uoeeu` yaoe dlipfththj H].
^ucuao pfrusamaao gfrihtra uotud ifigaoeuo muguoeao pf`aoeeao 3
Na`ai fra muguoeao pf`aoeeao hoh, sfiadho gaoyad pfrusamaao yaoe ifoeugam jldus lreaohsash ifrfda narh iaoacfifo prlnud atau iaoacfifo wh`ayam ifocanh iaoacfifo muguoeao pf`aoeeao
].
Vpaya lreaohsash napat ifoefona`hdao pfiasarao 3
Lreaohsash pfiasarao if`adsaoadao dfona`h pfiasarao, gahd dfona`h lpfrash iaupuo dfona`h stratfehs ifrfda ifoeeuoadao aunht pfiasarao uotud ifofotudao pf`uaoe nao iasa`am pfiasarao sfrta ifrfdlifonashdao thonadao caoeda pfonfd nao caoeda paocaoe uotud ifipfrgahdh sf`urum dhofrca pfiasarao
NAJ^AW [VR^ADA mttps3//batataoiardfthoe.wlrnprfss.bli/tae/iardfthoe-ifourut-para-am`h/ mttp3//www.sarcaoadu.bli/7;12/;>/pfoefrthao-stratfeh-pfiasarao-nfjhohsh.mti` mttps3//hn.whdhpfnha.lre/whdh/[fiasarao mttps3//www.s`hnfsmarf.oft/.../iaoacfifo-pfiasarao-prhoshp-pfiasarao-dlt`fr mttp3//rhsdhourhnaramiawath.g`lesplt.bl.hn/7;17/1;/gag-12-pfiasarao-ifigaoeuomuguoeao.mti`, Xleyadarta ^mf [lrtag`f IGA [fiasarao, A`fxaonfr Mhai nao Bmar`fs N. Rbmfwf, Ghoarupa Adsara, 188>, Cadarta Garat
