Jenis-jenis Model Bisnis E-commerce b2c

]ADJA_[@GD EIKAB O@SD@S

Eadqrq Eadqrq{{ Z`l`}a Z`l`}ak`g k`g"" eikab eikab o`sd`s o`sd`s (oqs`dass eikab ) gkgbgh }ae`l`rgd }ae`l`rgd {ad{gdj {ad{gdj ogjg`egdg ogjg`egdg saoqgh irjgd`sgs` eadc`}{glgd eadc`}{glgd"" eaeoar`lgd" eaeoar`lgd" kgd eadgdjlg} eadgdjlg} d`bg`%d`bg` d`bg`%d`bg` alidie`" alidie`" sis`gb" g{gq}qd oad{ql%oad{ql d`bg` bg`ddpg$

Eadqrq{ E`chgab _g}}g" eikab o`sd`s gkgbgh> ‒Ea{hi ‒Ea{hik k if ki`dj oqs`dass oqs`dass op zh`ch g cie}gd cie}gdp p cgd sqs{g`d sqs{g`d `{sabf `{sabf – {hg{ {hg{ `s jadarg{ jadarg{ak ak ravadqa$― Pgdj Pgdj gr{`d gr{`dp pg > eika eikabb o`sd o`sd`s `s gkgb gkgbgh gh ea{i ea{ika ka qd{q qd{ql l eabg eabglq lqlg lgd d o`sd o`sd`s `s k` egdg egdg saoq saoqgh gh  }arqsghggd kg}g{ eae}ar{ghgdlgd laoarbgdjsqdjgd }arqsghggd kgd qd{ql eadjhgs`blgd  }adkg}g{gd$

Lgradgdpg" eikab o`sd`s gkgbgh `d{` sqg{q o`sd`s" {aregsql eglsqk kgd {qnqgd pgdj `dj`d k`cg}g`" sar{g sajgbg labadjlg}gddpg sa}ar{` }rikql pgdj k`{gzgrlgd" s{rg{aj`" lao`nglgd% lao`nglgd" s{rql{qr irjgd`sgs`" kgd egs`h ogdpgl bgj`$

OQS@DASS [I CIDSQEA_ (O?C)

O?C gkgbgh {rgdsgls` kadjgd eadjjqdglgd `d{arda{ k` egdg {rgdsgls` `d` {aregsql }adnqgbgd kadjgd kadjgd }aeoab` }aeoab` `dk`v`kq" `dk`v`kq" lgrgl{ar pgdj }gb`dj s`djd`f`lgd s`djd`f`lgd kgr` O?C gkgbgh laege}qgd laege}qgd qd{ql qd{ql eadc`}{ eadc`}{glg glgd d hqoqdj hqoqdjgd gd bgdjsq bgdjsqdj dj kadjgd kadjgd lidsqe lidsqead ad {gd}g {gd}g eab`og eab`og{lg {lgd d eak`qe eak`qe (}argd{grg) sa}ar{` k`s{r`oq{ir" }akgjgdj jris`r kgd bg`ddpg$

[rgdsgls` ogrgdj o`gsgdpg k`bglqlgd bgdjsqdj kgr` }rikqsad la}gkg lidsqead {gd}g eabgbq`  }argd{grg$ Sa{abgh lidsqead eadpabasg`lgd }aeogpgrgd" eglg }rikqsad g{gq }arqsghggd glgd eadj`r`elgd ogrgdj pgdj {abgh k`}asgd lidsqead$

LG_GL[A_@S[@L O?C>  

[aroqlg qd{ql qeqe" k`egdg `dfiregs` k`saogrlgd la qeqe$

 

Sarv`s Sarv`s pgdj pgdj k`oar`l k`oar`lgd gd oars`fg oars`fg{{ qeqe qeqe (jadar (jadar`c) `c) kadjgd kadjgd ealgd` ealgd`sea sea pgdj pgdj kg}g{ kg}g{ k`jqdglgd ibah lhgbgpgl rgeg`$ Saogjg` cid{ih" lgradg s`s{ae Zao sqkgh qeqe k`jqdglgd eglg sarv`s k`oar`lgd kadjgd eadjjqdglgd ogs`s Zao$

 

Liesqead Liesqead eadkg}g{ glsas pgdj pgdj bqgs }gkg }rikql }rikql kgd ngsg pgdj pgdj k`{gzgrlgd k`{gzgrlgd sacgrg idb`da$

 

Sarv`s Sarv`s k`oar` k`oar`lgd lgd oarkgsg oarkgsgrlg rlgd d }arei }areihid hidgd gd (id kaegdk kaegdk)$ )$ Lidsqe Lidsqear ar eabglq eabglqlgd lgd `d`s`g{`f kgd }rikqsar hgrqs s`g} eaeoar`lgd ras}id sasqg` kadjgd }areihidgd$

 

]adkalg{gd ]adkalg{gd cb`ad{sarvar cb`ad{sarvar sar`dj k`jqdglgd k`jqdglgd k`egdg k`egdg k`geo`b k`geo`b gsqes` cb`ad{ (cidsqear) (cidsqear) eadj eadjjq jqdg dglg lgd d s`s{a s`s{ae e pgdj e`d` e`d`eg egbb (oar (oarog ogs`s s`s Za Zao) o) kgd kgd }ric }ricass ass`d `dj j (oqs (oqs`d `das asss  }ricakqra) k`ba{gllgd k` s`s` sarvar$

Oqs`dass%{i%cidsqear (O?C) sadk`r` eae`b`l` oaoarg}g oad{ql eikab o`sd`s" sa}ar{` }gkg

 ogjgd k` ogzgh `d` >

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Eikab o`sd`s ]ir{gb Eikab o`sd`s ]ir{gb gkgbgh eikab k` egdg zaos`{a }adnqgbgd eae`b`l` }adgzgrgd pgdj {ar`d{ajrgs` eab`}q{` a%eg`b  a%eg`b  sarv`ca"  sarv`ca" idb`da gkvar{`saead{ " dazs" sagrch dazs" sagrch adj`da" adj`da"

 s{rage`dj " cgbadkgr kgd cgbadkgr  kgd saogjg`dpg$ Eikab o`sd`s ]ir{gb nqjg earq}glgd sgbgh sg{q  oad{ql a%cieearca pgdj oar`s` oarogjg` `dfiregs` k` kgbgedpg" eqbg` kgr` oar`{g  }ib`{`l" alidie`" ibghrgjg" {aldibij`" sge}g` s ge}g` kadjgd oar`{g%oar`{g r`djgd eadjadg` lah`kq}gd sabaor`{`" jgpg h`kq}" kgd bg`ddpg$ K` @dkidas`g" sgbgh sg{q s`{qs }ir{gb pgdj }gb`dj {arladgb gkgbgh zzz$ka{`l$cie ({aregsql lg{ajir` Hir`~id{gb ]ir{gb)$

Eikab o`sd`s }ir{gb sadk`r` {arogj` g{gs kqg nad`s" pgld` %

Hir` Hir`~i ~id{ d{gb gb ]ir{ ]ir{gb gb > pgld pgld`` saoqg saoqgh h zao zao pgdj pgdj eadpgn` eadpgn`lgd lgd salqe salqe}q }qbgd bgd `dfir `dfireg egs` s` {ad{gdj oarogjg` {i}`l pgdj bqgs$ Cid{ih Cid{ih > zzz$pghii$cie (s`{qs (s`{qs pgdj pgdj eadpa eadpak`gl k`glgd gd oarogj oarogjg` g` `dfire `dfiregs` gs` pgdj pgdj kg}g{ gdkg cgr` kgr` sagrch adj`da" k`badjlg}` kadjgd aeg`b" bgpgdgd `dfiregs` sa}ar{` oar`{g" gkvar{`s`dj" kgd bg`ddpg)

zzz$esd$cie (sgeg kadjgd zzz$pghii$cie )

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Var{` Var{`cg cgbb ]ir{ ]ir{gb gb > zaos zaos`{ `{aa g{gq g{gq s`{qs s`{qs pgdj pgdj oar`s` oar`s` salqe} salqe}qb qbgd gd `dfire `dfiregs` gs` {ad{g {ad{gdj dj {i}`l%{i}`l {ar{ad{q kgd hgdpg eadpak`glgd laoq{qhgd {grja{ egrla{dpg sadk`r` (s}ac`gb`~ak (s}ac`gb`~ak egrla{}bgca) egrla{}bgca)$$ Cid{ihdp Cid{ihdpgg }ir{gb }ir{gb lakil{argd lakil{argd"" hqlqe" hqlqe" }ar}gnglgd" }ar}gnglgd"  oghlgd }ir{gb nqgb oab` sghge sacgrg idb`da$

(zaos`{a lhqsqs lhqsqs pgdj eadnqgb kgd eadpak`glgd eadpak`glgd sajgbg Cid{ih > zzz$`oig{s$cie (zaos`{a `dfiregs` eadjadg` }arghq ogj` lidsqead pgdj sqlg oarbgpgr g{gq pgdj eae`b`l` lg}gb g{gq }arghq)

zzz$`dkidas`glrag{`f$cie (zaos`{a qd{ql Gdkg pgdj `dj`d eadja{ghq` sajgbg sasqg{q {ad{gdj }rgl{al lrag{`f`{gs @dkidas`g)

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Eikab O`sd`s A%{g`bar  S{irafrid{

Eikab Eikab o`sd`s o`sd`s A%{g`b A%{g`bar ar g{gq S{irafr S{irafrid id{{ gkgbgh gkgbgh lieo`d lieo`dgs` gs` }risas }risas {rgdsgls {rgdsgls`" `" sal salqr`{ qr`{`" `"

}aeog aeogp pgrgd grgd

sacg sacgrg rg

idb` idb`da da""

sar{ sar{gg

}adp adp`e}g `e}gdg dgd d

`dfi `dfire regs gs``

pgdj gdj

eaeqdjl`dlgd }grg }adnqgb qd{ql eadnqgb kgjgdjgddpg k` `d{arda{ eabgbq` zaos`{a$ Eikab Eikab A%{g`ba A%{g`barr earq}g earq}glgd lgd lidsa} lidsa} kgsgr kgsgr }arkgj }arkgjgdj gdjgo go abal{r abal{rid` id`l l (a%ciee (a%cieearca arca)) k`egdg {arngk` `d{argls` gd{grg }adnqgb kgd }aeoab` sacgrg bgdjsqdj$ O`gsgdpg eikab A%{g`bar eadjirjgd`sgs`lgd }rikql pgdj glgd k`nqgb kgbge  oad{ql lg{gbij }rikql pgdj k`{ae}g{lgd }gkg hgbgegd zaos`{a$ Eikab o`sd`s A%{g`bar  {arogj` g{gs b`eg nad`s pgld`" gd{grg bg`d >

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V`r{qgb V`r{qgb Earch Earchgd{ gd{ > vars` vars` idb`d idb`daa kgr` {ili {ili ra{g` ra{g`bb k`egdg k`egdg lidsqe lidsqead ad kg}g{ kg}g{ oaroab oaroabgdn gdngg ?; nge kadjgd sgd{g`$ Cid{ih > zzz$aoiil$cie (eadnqgb oarogjg` egcge oqlq sacgrg idb`da)

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Cb`cl gdk Eir{gb > k`s{r`oq{ir idb`da qd{ql }arqsghggd%}arqsghggd pgdj eadnqgb  }rikql earalg sacgrg f`s`l$ Cid{ih > zzz$ilashi}$cie (k`s{r`oq{ir idb`da qd{ql }rikql sabqbar kgd abal{id`l  sa}ar{` {ab}id ja

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Cg{gbi Cg{gbij j Earchgd{ Earchgd{ > lg{gbij lg{gbij bgdjs bgdjsqdj qdj idb` idb`da da kgr` kgr` }arqsgh }arqsghggd ggd kadjgd kadjgd hgrjg hgrjg }rikq }rikql  l  pgdj bao`h eqrgh k`ogdk`dj ra{g`bar bg`ddpg$ (lg{gbij idb`da }arqsghggd pgdj oarjargl oarjargl k`o`kgdj k`o`kgdj Cid{ih Cid{ih > zzz$bgdksadk$cie (lg{gbij  }glg`gd)

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Idb` Idb`da da Egb Egbbb > var vars` s` idb idb`d `daa kgr` kgr` sao saoqg qgh h egbb egbb$$

(zaos`{a {a pgdj pgdj eadnqg eadnqgbb oarogj oarogjg` g` }rikql }rikql fgsh`id fgsh`id Cid{ih Cid{ih > zzz$fgsh`idegbb$cie (zaos` kadjgd kadjgd eadpak eadpak`glg `glgd d oarogj oarogjg` g` earal earal fgsh`i fgsh`id d {ardge {ardgeg" g" sah`dj sah`djjg jg g}go`b g}go`bgg l`{g l`{g `dj`d `dj`d eae`b`h sqg{q earal fgsh`id {`djjgb eadcgr` g{gq eadjlb`l k` sagrch adj`da)$

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Egd Egdqfgc qfgc{q {qra rarr K`ra K`rac{ c{ > }adnq adnqgb gbgd gd sacg sacgrg rg bgdj bgdjsq sqdj dj kgr` kgr` saoq saoqgh gh }arq }arqsg sgh hggd ggd egdqfgl{qr$ (zaos`{a rase` rase` }arqsghggd }arqsghggd g}}ba pgdj eadnqgb oarogjg` Cid{ih > zzz$g}}ba$cie (zaos`{a  }rikql }arqsghggddpg)

3$ Eikab Eikab O`sd`s O`sd`s Cid{ad Cid{ad{{ ]riv ]riv`ka `kar  r  Cid{ad Cid{ad{{ ]riv`k ]riv`kar ar gkgbgh gkgbgh eikab eikab a%oqs`dass pgdj eae}aribah eae}aribah }adkg}g{gd }adkg}g{gd eabgbq eabgbq`` }adpa }adpak`g k`ggd gd lid{ad lid{ad k`j`{g k`j`{gbb sa}ar{` sa}ar{` eqs`l eqs`l"" v`kai" v`kai" oar`{g oar`{g"" sad` sad` jrgf`s jrgf`s g{gq bg`ddpg$ ]adkg}g{gd kgr` eikab o`sd`s `d` sadk`r` k`hgs`blgd eabgbq` o`gpg bgdjjgdgd g{gq o`gpg glsas nqjg kgr` o`gpg }adpak`ggd sgrgdg gkvar{`s`dj$ Cid{ihdpg > zzz$eabid$ci$`k (zaos`{a pgdj eadnqgb lid{ad bgjq)

;$ Eikab Eikab O`sd`s O`sd`s [rgdsg [rgdsgc{` c{`id id Orilar  Orilar  Eikab Eikab o`sd`s o`sd`s a%cie a%cieearc earcaa pgdj pgdj oarjqd oarjqdgg eadjhq eadjhqoqd oqdjlg jlgd d }adnqg }adnqgbb kadjgd kadjgd  }aeoab` kadjgd eaefgs`b`{gs` }risas {rgdsgls` }rikqsad kgd lidsqead$ K` s`d` l`{g eadjge eadjgeo`b o`b }is`s` }is`s` saogjg` saogjg` orilar orilar g{gq gjad qd{ql qd{ql }gsgr }gsgr pgdj pgdj bao`h bao`h oasgr$ oasgr$ Eikab Eikab [rgdsgc{`id Orilar eadar`eg }adkg}g{gd oarq}g lie`s` kgr` sa{`g} {rgdsgls` pgdj {abgh {arngk`$ Lidsqead g{gq }aeoab` sadk`r` kg}g{ eadjgeg{` oarogjg` {gr`f kgd spgrg{ }aeoab`gd sasqg` kadjgd la`dj`dgd$ Cid{ih > zzz$gear`{rgka$cie (orilar idb`da qd{ql }arkgjgdjgd sghge kgd `dvas{gs`)

zzz$}gp}gb$cie (saogj (saogjg` g` zaos`{a zaos`{a pgdj pgdj eaeogd eaeogd{q {q ealgd` ealgd`sea sea lidsqe lidsqead ad kgbge kgbge {rgdsgls` }aeogpgrgd)

1$ Eika Eikabb O`sd O`sd`s `s Egrl Egrla{ a{ Crag Crag{i {ir  r  Eikab Eikab o`sd`s o`sd`s a%ciee a%cieearca arca pgdj pgdj eaeoqg eaeoqg{{ sqg{q sqg{q zaos`{a zaos`{a qd{ql qd{ql eaeogz eaeogzgg  }adnqgb kgd }aeoab` kgbge sg{q {ae}g{ pgdj sgeg sah`djjg {aroad{ql egrla{}bgca sadk`r`$

Cid{ih > zzz$oard`gjg$cie (sgbgh sg{q s`{qs nqgb oab` k` @dkidas`g)

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Eikab O`sd`s Sarv`ca ]riv`kar  Eikab o`sd`s Sarv`ca ]riv`kar gkgbgh o`sd`s }arqsghggd pgdj eadnqgb g{gq eaegdfgg{lgd eaegdfgg{lgd }abgpgdgd kgr` }rikql }rikql qd{ql eadjhgs`blgd eadjhgs`blgd }rif`{ g{gq laqd{qdjg laqd{qdjgd$ d$ ]abgpgdgd idb`da pgdj k`nqgb `d` sa}ar{` ngsg lidsqb{gs`" q}kg{a sif{zgra" `dfiregs`  }rikql kgd bg`ddpg bg`ddpg Cid{ih > zzz$epocidsqb{`dj$cie (eadnqgb ngsg lidsqb{gs` qd{ql segbb oqs`dass)

:$ Eikab Eikab O`sd O`sd`s `s Cie Cieeqd eqd`{p `{p ]riv`k ]riv`kar  ar  Eikab o`sd`s pgdj eadc`}{glgd sqg{q lieqd`{gs kgbge sg{q s`{qs g{gq zaos`{a kadjgd kadjgd lasgeggd lasgeggd e`dg{" e`dg{" la{ar{gr`lgd la{ar{gr`lgd"" hio` kgd saogjg`dpg saogjg`dpg sar{g eadc`}{glgd eadc`}{glgd firqe k`slqs` g{gq lieqd`lgs` saogjg` }rikql pgdj k`nqgb ibah zaos`{a$ Cid{ih > zzz$lgslqs$cie (sgbgh sg{q firqe lieqd`{gs {aroasgr k` @dkidas`g)

zzz$goiq{$cie (sgbgh sg{q s`{qs cieeqd`{p k` Daz Pirl)

Sqeoar > h{{}>b`o$q`d%egbgdj$gc$`k{has`schg}{arY``=873==8=%ghegk%`ege%lhg`r`$}s h{{}>obij$qo$gc$`kogpqgn`lqrd`gzgdcg{ajirp{qjgs%a%cieearca}gja3 h{{}>zzz$sb`kashgra$da{shpdgng`do?c%oqs`dass%eikabs