INSTRUCAL FGI “ANNULAR” PILOT TUBE. INTEGRAL ORIFICE. TARGET AND ELBOW FLOWMETERS. GAS AND LIQUID FLOW. Fixed Geometry1 Help Contents This is a program for calculating the size of Integral Flow Orifice Assemblies, Target Meters, Elbow Flow Elements Elements and Annubar Pitot Tubes For help on each screen: Press F1. Overview Program Features Calculation Menu Program Lead Sheet Annubar Size Calculation for liquids Integral Flow Orifice Meter Size Calculation for liquids Target Meter Size Calculation for liquids Elbow Meter Size Calculation for liquids Calculation Engineering Units for liquids Material selection Calculation Printout Data Sheet Annubar Size Calculation for Gases Integral Flow Orifice Meter Size Calculation for Gases Target Meter Size Calculation for Gases Elbow Meter Size Calculation for Gases Summary Printout Calculation Engineering Units for Gases Calculation Routines Program Data File Specification Importing Data into a Calculation Pipe Size Data FIXED GEOMETRY1 Flow Devices -- Program Overview Version 5. An option has been added to calculate the system losses from a known source pressure to provide the flow meter inlet pressure. The accuracy of this pressure pressure has a considerable impact on the accuracy of the flow measurement. To use the pressure in the vessel which is the source of the flow can c an cause considerable error because of head and system losses. The fluid density of gases gases vary considerably with pressure pressure and liquids may have vapor pressure problems or require a specific gravity correction for pressure. FG1PROG is a program for calculating the size of -· Integral Flow Orifice Assemblies · Target Meters · Elbow Flow Elements · Annubar Pitot Tubes Programs are provided for liquid and gas
The Integral Flow Orifice Orifice Assembly is a device device for measuring small flows. The assembly is available in pipe sizes of 1/2, 1, and 1 1/2 inches, with orifices ranging from 0.002 to 1.249 inches. Calculations are available for the square edge, quadrant edge and jewel design, each with options for calculating the orifice size, flowrate or differential differential range. The program can calculate the the discharge coefficient. coefficient. The Target Flow Meter is a disk supported in the center of the pipe to provide an annular orifice. The square root of force on the disk is is proportional to the flowrate. flowrate. It has the advantage of having no dam affect and does not require any external piping. The meters are available in line sizes of 1/2 to 4 inches with different size targets for each meter. The program can select the sizes sizes which are applicable to the application. The Elbow Flow Element is a standard short or long radius elbow, with taps at 45 degrees on the inside and outside of o f the bend, to measure the differential created by the centrifugal force of the fluid flowing flowing round the bend. The square root of the differential is proportional proportional to the flowrate. flowrate. The program will calculate either the differential range or the flowrate. It will provide the data for standard or accept data for non standard elbows. Annubar is a registered trademark trademark of Dover Industries Industries Incorporated. It is a pitot pitot tube device for insertion in pipe, it produces p roduces a differential, the square root of which is proportional to flowrate. They are available for all sizes of pipe and have the same characteristics as orifice plates. The advantages are low pressure loss and low installed cost. The disadvantages are a fixed and sometimes low differential and because it may be a long slender column and be subject to vibration vibration and structural problems. The program has options to select the model or calculate the flowrate. These programs are suitable for use with all gaseous and liquid fluids that are clean, single phase, homogenous and Newtonian. All gases, most liquids and most dense phase fluids associated with the petroleum petrochemical and natural g as industries are Newtonian. General If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in the color selected for changed data. This will assist assist in recognising the the affect the changes make to other calculations and the data sheet. FIXED GEOMETRY Program Features Programs will -Perform sizing calculations Calculate either.-either.-- Element size, Flow rate or Differential range Calculate permanent pressure and power loss Calculate accuracy percentage Supply fluid properties at flow conditions Supply steam data Supply pipe sizes Provide material selection Use English or SI engineering units in any mixture Use mass or volume flow units Import process data Print a calculation sheet using the Windows Print Manager
The Integral Flow Orifice Orifice Assembly is a device device for measuring small flows. The assembly is available in pipe sizes of 1/2, 1, and 1 1/2 inches, with orifices ranging from 0.002 to 1.249 inches. Calculations are available for the square edge, quadrant edge and jewel design, each with options for calculating the orifice size, flowrate or differential differential range. The program can calculate the the discharge coefficient. coefficient. The Target Flow Meter is a disk supported in the center of the pipe to provide an annular orifice. The square root of force on the disk is is proportional to the flowrate. flowrate. It has the advantage of having no dam affect and does not require any external piping. The meters are available in line sizes of 1/2 to 4 inches with different size targets for each meter. The program can select the sizes sizes which are applicable to the application. The Elbow Flow Element is a standard short or long radius elbow, with taps at 45 degrees on the inside and outside of o f the bend, to measure the differential created by the centrifugal force of the fluid flowing flowing round the bend. The square root of the differential is proportional proportional to the flowrate. flowrate. The program will calculate either the differential range or the flowrate. It will provide the data for standard or accept data for non standard elbows. Annubar is a registered trademark trademark of Dover Industries Industries Incorporated. It is a pitot pitot tube device for insertion in pipe, it produces p roduces a differential, the square root of which is proportional to flowrate. They are available for all sizes of pipe and have the same characteristics as orifice plates. The advantages are low pressure loss and low installed cost. The disadvantages are a fixed and sometimes low differential and because it may be a long slender column and be subject to vibration vibration and structural problems. The program has options to select the model or calculate the flowrate. These programs are suitable for use with all gaseous and liquid fluids that are clean, single phase, homogenous and Newtonian. All gases, most liquids and most dense phase fluids associated with the petroleum petrochemical and natural g as industries are Newtonian. General If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in the color selected for changed data. This will assist assist in recognising the the affect the changes make to other calculations and the data sheet. FIXED GEOMETRY Program Features Programs will -Perform sizing calculations Calculate either.-either.-- Element size, Flow rate or Differential range Calculate permanent pressure and power loss Calculate accuracy percentage Supply fluid properties at flow conditions Supply steam data Supply pipe sizes Provide material selection Use English or SI engineering units in any mixture Use mass or volume flow units Import process data Print a calculation sheet using the Windows Print Manager
Save the data Prepare instrument data sheets WUSIWUG style Initially general- sheets for bid purposes Supply data base of standard specification items After vendor selection, revise for permanent records Print a data sheet using the Windows Print Manager Save the data Print a summary of saved items Print all records Print selected records Print only records having required characteristics FG1 Program Menu Options New calculation Select the required calculation option and the fluid option, then select OK (or doubleclick if at least one of the options is already selected). File Default files Recalls file data using the files in the default drives and paths. Other files Recalls file data using the Windows file selection procedure. Data file maintenance Edit Tag Numbers Provides the facility to change the Tag Numbers on file. Or delete records from file. Sort data file Rearrange the Tag Numbers in ascending order. Delete the items marked if the edit was saved. (Verion 5.0)Data files Path for the default calculation data files. User units Path for the user selection set of engineering units. Headings Path for the printout headings. There are three paths. If a Drive and Path different different from the Default Path and Drive provided in the initial Set Up Procedure was used, the program will update them to the Drive and Path which was installed. They are saved in sequential file FG1CALC.DRV which resides with the programs. To check or change the paths, either call up the Drive and Path for edit or use a text editor to or change the file contents. Convert V3 file stage InstruCalc version 3 file conversion to Windows format. Exit
Exits from InstruCalc to Windows Program Manager. Edit Tables (Version 5.0) InstruCalc uses Data Tables for Gas, Liquid,Pipe Size and Material properties, these contain data from which exact properties for the flow conditions are calculated. It also has tables for IFOA, Annubar and Elbow data. These option provides an easy means of customizing them. Items can be added, inserted, deleted and changed. Restrictions are built built into the Materials Coefficient of Expansion table on insertion and deletion because the row number is used to save data in the calculations. Each program can edit the tables used in the program. Take note that some, such as the Gas, Liquid and Pipe Size are used by other programs and may include data required only by them. Editing is performed by either clicking the appropriate line in the Grid or entering the line number in Row to Edit and clicking Recall Row. Edit the data and Load Row to the Grid. When a box in the edit line is clicked, information on the d ata required is displayed above. Save Grid overwrites the old old file. A backup file is recommended before you start. start. The file name is in the heading of o f the Edit Form and the files are in the program directory. Note that data cannot be edited directly in the grid. Color Provides color options for InstruCalc displays, using the Windows palette. Note that colors for scroll bars, command buttons, disabled text, borders etc., etc., are selected through the Windows Control Panel Print Summary Goes to the print summary program. Fixed Geometry1 Program Lead Sheet The program will only stop at the Lead Sheet if it fails to find the default paths file. To continue, type in the paths and save the file. The Data Files are specific to a project p roject and an instrument type The Units File may be common for all projects and specific for an instrument type The Headings File may be specific for a project and common for all instruments FG1 Annubar Flow Element Liquid Calculation. Annubar is a trademark of Dover Industries Incorporated. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate calculate the system system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Light hyrocarbons may require a specific specific gravity correction. Volatile Volatile liquids may have a vapor pressure problem.
The magnitude of the differential produced by an Annubar is a function of the pipe size and the model selected. The differential is fixed by the design. For a specified flow rate the transmitter will need to be calibrated to the differential produced by the design selected. There is a maximum differential range, above which there is a danger of structural problems where it may fail because of vibration. There are five designs of increasing ruggedness, four of which have options for support on both sides of the pipe. They are either thread mounted or flange mounted, the thread mounted being the most rugged because it has a shorter length. Model Features Model Pipe size range 10
1/2 to 10 1/2 inH2O 15 2 inH2O 15 2 inH2O
16
2 to inH2O
25
4 to 25 4 inH2O 26 4 inH2O 35 12 inH2O 35 12 inH2O 36 12 inH2O 45 24 inH2O 45 24 inH2O 46 24 inH2O
Support
Mounting
Maximum Differential
2 to
inches One side Thread 1500 to 2 inches One side Flange 1500
260 to
inH2O 260
to
5
inches One side
Flange 87
to
23
to
5
inches One side
Thread 630
to
124
5
inches Both sides
Either 720
to
164
42 to
inches One side Flange 142 to 42 inches One side Thread 764
4 to
inH2O 16
to
42
inches Both sides
Either 1010
to
28
to
96
inches One side
Flange 77
to
1
to
96
inches One side
Thread 360
to
7
to
96
inches Both sides
Either 534
to
9
to
96
inches One side
Flange 61
to
2
to
96
inches One side
Thread 272
to
8
to
96
inches Both sides
Either 427
to
15
Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit. Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade.
User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at base conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -Auto Select Model. Manual Select Model Flowrate. Select the calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable will be disabled and will receive the calculated value.
The Auto Select will start at the model 10 and find a size, the manual select will calculate for the selection and Calculate Flowrate will calculate the flow for your selection of all other data. Pipe ID To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button. The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK). Material Selection. Click the Element material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. The Specific gravity at base conditions is on ly required for volumetric flow Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. The Auto select model only finds the smallest model. It may not be your preferred choice, try other options with Manual select Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files.
File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Integral Flow Orifice Assembly Liquid Calculation. These are available in 1/2 inch 1 inch and 11/2 inch pipe sizes with standard orifice plates ranging from 0.002 to 1.249 inches diameter. Schedule 40 meter runs are available with precision bored pipe. The 1/2 inch is bored to 0.66 inch (16.76 mm), the 1 inch to 1.093 inch (27.76 mm) and the 11/2 to 1.561 inch (39.65 mm). Orifice plate design can be sharp edge, quadrant edge or jewel. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Light hyrocarbons may require a specific gravity correction. Volatile liquids may have a vapor pressure problem. Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit. Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the
option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at base conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -· Orifice size · ·
Flowrate Differential range It is a good idea to use standard size orifice plates where possible. Select the Differential range and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. Orifice Design · Square edge · ·
Quadrant edge Jewel The Square edge option covers for most flows, the Quadrant edge is for small flows and the Jewel is for very small flows Pipe ID To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button. The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK).
Material Selection. Click the Element material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. The Element material option is disabled for a jewel o rifice plate. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. The Specific gravity at base conditions is on ly required for volumetric flow Double click the Orifice diameter text box to display the Standard Orifice sizes. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. If the differential range is not suitable select a different orifice size Special sizes are available if absolutely necessary. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT).
Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Target Meter Liquid Calculation. Taget meters are available in sizes 1/2 inch to 4 inches, sizes over 1 inch have two target sizes. They are calibrated by selecting a force on the target as the upper range value. This calibration adjustment and the different body and target sizes ensure that all desired intermediate ranges can be covered. Th program starts at the minimum size and finds a combination suitable for the application. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Light hyrocarbons may require a specific gravity correction. Volatile liquids may have a vapor pressure problem. Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at standard
conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquid and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Material Selection. Click the Target material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item.
New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Elbow Flow Meters Liquid Calculation. Elbow meters can be useful for a quick way of measuring flow in an existing line, find an elbow and install pressure taps on the inside an d outside of the taps, connect a differential pressure instrument and you can measure flow. The differential range is non adjustable and not very large Accuracy in the range 4 to 5 percent can be expected. Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit. Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation.
The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at base conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -· Flowrate · Differential range Pipe ID To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button. The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK). Material Selection. Click the Meter Tube material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Elbow Mean Radius Select either the Short Radius or Long Radius for automatic determination or enter the radius in the text box. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. The Specific gravity at base conditions is on ly required for volumetric flow Calculate Click the Calculate button.
The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Liquid Engineering Units The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the name and multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item in the list. The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in the calculation if OK is selected. To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the desired units and click the save button A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation. Data conversion For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass and
Volume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and the specific gravity of the fluid. It is conventional when measuring flow by volume that it be at a standard temperature (Usually 60 degrees Fahrenheit). Two specific gravity values are necessary for a volumetric flow calculation, mass flow cannot be converted to volume flow until the specific gravity at standard conditions is available. Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564 Definition of units Mass flow units : lb = pounds kg = kilograms tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg g = gram UKton = 2240 lb USton = 2000 lb Other = user defined mass unit Volume flow units : USgal = US gallons litre = litres ft3 = cubic feet UKgal = UK gallons m3 = cubic metres bbl = barrels (42 US gallons) cm3 = cubic centimetres Other = user defined volumetric unit Flow time base : /s = per second /m = per minute /h = per hour /d = per day Gauge pressure : psig = pounds per square inch gauge kPag = kiloPascals gauge atg = atmospheres gauge inhgg = inches of mercury gauge MPag = megaPascals gauge inH2Og = inches of water gauge mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge barg = bars gauge kg/cm2g = kilograms per square centimetre gauge Other = user defined gauge pressure unit Absolute pressure : psia = pounds per square inch absolute kPaa = kiloPascals absolute inhga = inches of mercury absolute mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute
Other = user defined absolute pressure unit Temperature : degF = degrees Fahrenheit degF = degrees Centigrade degR = degrees Rankine degK = degrees Kelvin Other = user defined temperature unit Viscosity : cp = centipoises Pa.s = Pascal seconds cs = centistokes kPa.s = kiloPascal seconds Other = user defined viscosity unit Differential pressure : inH2O = inches of water kPa = kiloPascals inhg = inches of mercury mmH2O = millimetres of water mBar = millibars Other = user defined differential Pipe and orifice diameter : in = inches mm = millimetres cm = centimetres ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined size Fixed Geometry1 Material Selection The Drop Down Menu displays the material options. The temperature thermal expansion coefficients are selected with the material. A thermal correction for both p ipe and flowmeter is made Either make a new selection (Double click or click then click OK). Or click Cancel to return with no change. The program will return to the calculation. FG1 Calculation Data Printout This program will print the input and output calculation data and one associated comment. The comment is included in the data sheet for reference purposes It also creates the default printout headings. The headings are printed at the top of all printouts. They are saved in the HEADINGS.DAT file. This is the third default path. If all programs are set to the same path, this becomes the default headings for all program printouts Save. Saves the headings
Cancel. Returns to the calculation form without printing OK. Prints the headings and calculation using the Windows Print Manager, then returns to the calculation form Fixed Geometry1 Data Sheet The first use of the data sheet is to obtain competitive bids. It should initially emphasize the engineering requirements and be fairly general regarding the details. When a vendor is selected it should be updated to the exact details so that the data sheet is a record of the instrument purchased. The relevant data from the calculation is automatically displayed. Minor editing , such as rounding can be performed. Major editing should be done in the calculation routine in order to preserve the integrity of the calculation A user defined data base is available to enter data for those inputs which have a limited number of options. To activate this, double click the input box, the data on file is displayed. Double click the required option and the data is transferred to the data sheet form. The data base should be customized for the project requirements. To edit the data; click the selected item. Edit the data in the active top line, select Replace, continue with the edit and Save on completion. The Input data menu option has option to enter either the first or the second item in the list for all items. If the data base is constructed so that the first item is the first standard selection and the second item is the second standard selection then two standard data sheets are available for a single keystroke. This feature only enters data into empty input boxes. Some input boxes require unique data which is typed in Space is provided to enter information for non standard options. Enter the title and data , it will be saved with the other data. Three lines of notes of special instructions are available at the bottom of the data sheet. The input data is limited to 25 characters and 60 characters for each of the notes. The data sheet is saved along with the other data in the calculation options. File options Print data sheet Prints the data sheet using the Windows Print Manager. Refer to Windows Help Go to calculation. Returns to the calculation form using the same record Update headings Overwrites the headings with the current default set Select font Uses the Windows Font Style system Select printer Uses the Windows Print System FG1 Annubar Flow Element Gas Calculation. Annubar is a trademark of Dover Industries Incorporated. The magnitude of the differential produced by an Annubar is a function of the pipe size and the model selected. The differential is fixed by the design. For a specified flow rate the transmitter will need to be calibrated to the differential produced by the design
selected. There is a maximum differential range, above which there is a danger of structural problems where it may fail because of vibration. There are five designs of increasing ruggedness, four of which have options for support on both sides of the pipe. They are either thread mounted or flange mounted, the thread mounted being the most rugged because it has a shorter length. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Gases will require a density correction.
Model Features Model Pipe size range 10
1/2 to 10 1/2 inH2O 15 2 inH2O 15 2 inH2O
16
2 to inH2O
25
4 to 25 4 inH2O 26 4 inH2O 35 12 inH2O 35 12 inH2O 36 12 inH2O 45 24 inH2O 45 24 inH2O 46 24 inH2O
Engineering Units.
Support
Mounting
Maximum Differential
2 to
inches One side Thread 1500 to 2 inches One side Flange 1500
260 to
inH2O 260
to
5
inches One side
Flange 87
to
23
to
5
inches One side
Thread 630
to
124
5
inches Both sides
Either 720
to
164
42 to
inches One side Flange 142 to 42 inches One side Thread 764
4 to
inH2O 16
to
42
inches Both sides
Either 1010
to
28
to
96
inches One side
Flange 77
to
1
to
96
inches One side
Thread 360
to
7
to
96
inches Both sides
Either 534
to
9
to
96
inches One side
Flange 61
to
2
to
96
inches One side
Thread 272
to
8
to
96
inches Both sides
Either 427
to
15
There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gas and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquid with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -Auto Select Model. Manual Select Model
Flowrate. Select the calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. The Auto Select will start at the model 10 and find a size, the manual select will calculate for the selection and Calculate Flowrate will calculate the flow for your selection of all other data. Pipe Inside Diameter To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button. The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK). Material Selection. Click the Element material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. If Density is to be calculated, the critical pressure and temperature is required. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. The Auto select model only finds the smallest model. It may not be your preferred choice, try other options with Manual select Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record.
Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Integral Flow Orifice Assembly Gas Calculation. These are available in 1/2 inch 1 inch and 11/2 inch pipe sizes with standard orifice plates ranging from 0.002 to 1.249 inches diameter. Schedule 40 meter runs are available with precision bored pipe. The 1/2 inch is bored to 0.66 inch (16.76 mm), the 1 inch to 1.093 inch (27.76 mm) and the 11/2 to 1.561 inch (39.65 mm). Orifice plate design can be sharp edge, quadrant edge or jewel. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Gases will require a density correction.
Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are
available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gas and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -· Orifice size · ·
Flowrate Differential range It is a good idea to use standard size orifice plates where possible. Select the Differential range and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. Orifice Design · Square edge · ·
Quadrant edge Jewel The Square edge option covers for most flows, the Quadrant edge is for small flows and the Jewel is for very small flows Pipe Inside Diameter To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button.
The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK). Material Selection. Click the Element material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. The Element material option is disabled for a jewel o rifice plate. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. Double click the Orifice diameter text box to display the Standard Orifice sizes. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. If the differential range is not suitable select a different orifice size Special sizes are available if absolutely necessary. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT).
The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Target Meter Gas Calculation. Taget meters are available in sizes 1/2 inch to 4 inches, sizes over 1 inch have two target sizes. They are calibrated by selecting a force on the target as the upper range value. This calibration adjustment and the different body and target sizes ensure that all desired intermediate ranges can be covered. Th program starts at the minimum size and finds a combination suitable for the application. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Gases will require a density correction.
Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection. A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation.
The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gas and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Material Selection. Click the Target material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Repeat for the Pipe material. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu.
Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. FG1 Elbow Flow Meters Gas Calculation. Elbow meters can be useful for a quick way of measuring flow in an existing line, find an elbow and install pressure taps on the inside an d outside of the taps, connect a differential pressure instrument and you can measure flow. The differential range is non adjustable and not very large Accuracy in the range 4 to 5 percent can be expected. Version 5. Option added. If the exact inlet pressure is not known, but a source pressure is known then use the option to calculate the flow element inlet pressure. First use an approximate inlet pressure and calculate the flow element to set up the variables, take the option and calculate the system losses, three cases are available. Transfer the selected case to the flow element calculation, re-select the fluid properties and recalculate the flow calculation. Gases will require a density correction.
Engineering Units. There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit. Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit. Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade. Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade. User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection.
A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit op tions without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties. The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gases and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user updateable. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. ISO specifies a base temperature of 14.696 psia (101.325 kilopascals) and 59 degF (15 degC). AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF Calculation options are -· Flowrate · Differential range Pipe ID To look up the pipe dimensions, click the meter tube button. The pipe sizes screen will be displayed. Enter the nominal pipe size. Click the Search button to display the available sizes. Select the required inside diameter(Double-click or click OK). Material Selection. Click the Meter Tube material to display the materials screen. On the materials screen, select the required material. Elbow Mean Radius
Select either the Short Radius or Long Radius for automatic determination or enter the radius in the text box. Input Data The options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. The maximum flow rate is the upper range value. The normal flow will be the point of greatest accuracy. The Specific gravity at base conditions is on ly required for volumetric flow Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data. If not valid it will display the unsatisfactory data. If valid it will -Calculate the output data. Display the results. Enable the calculation printout. Enable the data sheet option. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New). Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records. The default paths are -The Data Files. (FG1DAT.TAG and FG1DAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (FG1DAT.UNS). The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT). Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager. Fixed Geometry1 Summary The program will provide a printout summary of da ta sheet records on file. It can provide a printout of either -All fields
Selected fields Fields equal to Fields not equal to Fields equal to or less than Fields equal to or greater than Fields less than Fields more than Procedure for a new Summary Select Options Clear checks Clears all check on the form Clear Other Data Clears all other data on the form Make new field selections Each field has four boxes-A check box to select the field A box to specify the field width A box to enter data to compare A box to specify the compare method (Double click for data) Select data relationship And or or Click Print to print using Windows Print Manager File Options Save print options Saves a standard printout Go to Program Menu Form Returns to program menu for further work on this module Exit Returns to the Windows Program Manager Procedure for a standard printout Select Options Recall saved options Print Procedure to print all fields Select Options Check all Print Other Options Select font Windows font selection procedure Select Printer Windows Print manager FG1 Gas Engineering Units The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the name
and multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item in the list. The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in the calculation if OK is selected. To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the desired units and click the save button A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation. Data Conversion For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass and Volume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and the molecular weight of the gas, conversion can only be made when the molecular weight has been entered. Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564 Definition of units Mass flow units : lb = pounds kg = kilograms tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg g = gram UKton = 2240 lb USton = 2000 lb Other = user defined mass unit Volume flow units : sft3 = standard cubic feet sdm3 = standard cubic decimetres sm3 = standard cubic metres Msft3 = million standard cubic feet Other = user defined volume unit Time base : /s = per second /m = per minute /h = per hour /d = per day Gauge pressure : psig = pounds per square inch gauge kPag = kiloPascals gauge atg = atmospheres gauge inhgg = inches of mercury gauge MPag = megaPascals gauge inH2Og = inches of water gauge mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge barg = bars gauge kg/cm2g = kilograms per square centimetre gauge Other = user defined gauge pressure unit
Absolute pressure : psia = pounds per square inch absolute kPaa = kiloPascals absolute ata = atmospheres absolute bara = bars absolute Mpaa = megaPascals absolute kg/cm2a = kilograms per square centimetre absolute inhga = inches of mercury absolute mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute Other = user defined absolute pressure unit Temperature : degF = degrees Fahrenheit degF = degrees Centigrade degR = degrees Rankine degK = degrees Kelvin Other = user defined temperature unit Viscosity : cp = centipoises Pa.s = Pascal seconds cs = centistokes kPa.s = kiloPascal seconds Other = user defined viscosity unit Differential pressure : inH2O = inches of water kPa = kiloPascals inhg = inches of mercury mmH2O = millimetres of water mBar = millibars Other = user defined differential Pipe and orifice diameter : in = inches mm = millimetres cm = centimetres ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined size Density lb/ft3 = pounds per cubic foot kg/m3 = kilograms per cubic metre g/cm3 = grams per cubic centimetre lb/in3 = pounds per cubic inch Other = user defined density unit
FIXED GEOMETRY1 Data Files INSTRUCALC V4 Random access file specification for FG1 flow elements FG1DAT.Dat. Tag Numbers are stored in the sequential file FG1DAT.TAG. Its number in the file is the record number in the random access file. ___________________________________________________ Type FileData 'Calculation info ProgNum As Integer 2 bytes.Program number Liq<6:Gas>20 ElemMatlNom As Integer 2 bytes.Element material number PipeMatlNum As Integer 2 bytes Pipe material FloBasis As String * 3 3 bytes."Mas" denotes a mass calculation, "Vol" a volume Code As String * 3 3 bytes. "Yes" or "No" for drainhole FS(1 To 15) As Single 60 bytes.Units conversion factor GS(1 To 20) As Single 80 bytes.Variable data UnS(1 To 15) As String * 8 120 bytes.Unit Name 'Data sheet info SdS(1 To 7) As Single
28 bytes.
AraS(1 To 22) As String * 25 550 bytes.Data sheet array selections Txt1(1 To 3) As String * 25 75 bytes.Data sheet service,line num, fluid Txt2(1 To 3) As String * 60 180 bytes.Data sheet notes TXT3(1 To 7) As String * 1070 bytes.Data sheet num,spec,rev,date,req,by,appr End Type Record len=1175 __________________________________________ Common to all Elements ElemMatlNom and PipeMatlNum If material number = 1 Then Material = "301 stainless steel" If material number = 2 Then Material = "304 stainless steel" If material number = 3 Then Material = "310 stainless steel" If material number = 4 Then Material = "316 stainless steel" If material number = 5 Then Material = "330 stainless steel" If material number = 6 Then Material = "347 stainless steel" If material number = 7 Then Material = "Aluminum bronze" If material number = 8 Then Material = "Beryllium copper" If material number = 9 Then Material = "Carbon steel" If material number = 10 Then Material = "Copper" If material number = 11 Then Material = "Cupronickel" If material number = 12 Then Material = "Hastelloy B" If material number = 13 Then Material = "Hastelloy C" If material number = 14 Then Material = "Haynes stellite 25" If material number = 15 Then Material = "Inconel X" If material number = 16 Then Material = "K - Monel" If material number = 17 Then Material = "Nickel" If material number = 18 Then Material = "Pyrex glass" If material number = 19 Then Material = "Tantalum" If material number = 20 Then Material = "Titanium" FloBasis "Mas" denotes a mass calculation, "Vol" a volume _____________________________________________ Liquid _______________________________________________________ If ProgNum = 2 Then Program = "Integral flow orifice meter - liquid" If Code = "CSq" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Square edge If Code = "CQu" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Quadrant edge If Code = "CJe" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Jewel If Code = "ESq" then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Square edge If Code = "EQu" then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Quadrant edge If Code = "EJe" then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Jewel GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Specific gravity at flow conditions
GS(6) = Specific gravity at standard conditions GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(12) = Orifice size FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(16) = Discharge coefficient GS(18) = Normal flow FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(3) = Plate thickness FS(12) UnS(12) SDS(4) = Beta ratio SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _________________________________________________ If ProgNum = 3 Then Program = "Target flow meter - liquid" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Minimum range FS(1) UnS(1) GS(5) = Specific gravity at flow conditions GS(6) = Specific gravity at standard conditions GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(12) = Target diameter FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(18) = Maximum range FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _________________________________________________ If ProgNum = 4 Then Program = "Elbow flow meter - liquid" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Specific gravity at flow conditions GS(6) = Specific gravity at standard conditions GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(12) = Elbow mean radius FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure GS(14) = Base temperature GS(15) = Barometric pressure GS(18) = Normal flow
FS(13) UnS(13) UnS(14) FS(15) UnS(15) FS(1) UnS(1)
SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _________________________________________________ If ProgNum = 6 Then Program = "Annubar pitot tube - liquid" If Code = "Thr" then Mount="Thread" If Code = "Fla" then Mount="Flange" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Specific gravity at flow conditions GS(6) = Specific gravity at standard conditions GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(12) = Model number GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(18) = Normal flow FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _________________________________________ Gas _____________________________________________________ If ProgNum = 22 Then Program = "Integral flow orifice meter - gas" If Code = "CSq" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Square edge If Code = "CPU" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Quadrant edge If Code = "Cue" then Orifice = Calculated discharge coefficient - Jewel If Code = "Esq." then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Square edge If Code = "ECU" then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Quadrant edge If Code = "Edge" then Orifice = Entered discharge coefficient - Jewel GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Molecular weight GS(6) = Ratio of specific heats GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9) GS(10) = Critical pressure FS(10) UnS(10) GS(11) = Critical temperature UnS(11) GS(12) = Orifice size FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13)
GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(16) = Discharge coefficient GS(18) = Normal flow FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(3) = Plate thickness FS(12) UnS(12) SDS(4) = Beta ratio SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _______________________________________________ If ProgNum = 23 Then Program = "Target flow meter - gas" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Minimum range FS(1) UnS(1) GS(5) = Molecular weight GS(6) = Ratio of specific heats GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9) GS(10) = Critical pressure FS(10) UnS(10) GS(11) = Critical temperature UnS(11) GS(12) = Target diameter FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(18) = Maximum range FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _____________________________________________ If ProgNum = 24 Then Program = "Elbow flow meter - gas" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Molecular weight GS(6) = Ratio of specific heats GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9) GS(10) = Critical pressure FS(10) UnS(10) GS(11) = Critical temperature UnS(11) GS(12) = Elbow mean radius FS(12) UnS(12) GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15)
GS(18) = Normal flow FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _____________________________________________ If ProgNum =26 Then Program = "Annubar pitot tube - gas" If Code = "Thr" then Mount="Thread" If Code = "Fla" then Mount="Flange" GS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1) GS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2) GS(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS(4) = Differential range FS(4) UnS(4) GS(5) = Molecular weight GS(6) = Ratio of specific heats GS(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GS(8) = Pipe inside diameter FS(8) UnS(8) GS(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9) GS(10) = Critical pressure FS(10) UnS(10) GS(11) = Critical temperature UnS(11) GS(12) = Annubar Model number GS(13) = Base pressure FS(13) UnS(13) GS(14) = Base temperature UnS(14) GS(15) = Barometric pressure FS(15) UnS(15) GS(18) = Normal flow FS(1) UnS(1) SDS(1) = Normal flow differential FS(4) UnS(4) SDS(2) = Nominal pipe size UnS(8) SDS(5) = Chart multiplier _____________________________________________ Miscellaneous Files FG1DAT.UNS Sequential file. User unit data FG1DAT.STP. Sequential file. Base conditions FG1SPEC.TXT. Sequential file. Data sheet item selections HEADINGS.DAT Sequential file. Printout titles FG1SUM.DAT Sequential file. Standard summary selections FG1CALC.DRV Sequential file. Default drives and paths FG1CALC.COL Sequential file. Color selections FG1 Import Process Data To Import process data into a calculation Make a sequential file for each calculation. Files to have a filename(Suggest the tag number) with no extension (ie FI-100.). After INSTRUCALC reads the file it will rename the file to "FILENAME.OK". This will divide the files into two lists, those which have been processed and those which have not. To read a file. 1. Go to the required calculation and select the required units.
2. Take the Import data menu option. 3. Find the required file. (Using standard Windows procedures) 4. Select the file and the data will be loaded. 5. Proceed with the calculation and save the data. (Now in the INSTRUCALC file) 6. The sequential file will be assigned the extension ".OK". and will disappear from the list. 7. If a review is required, use the Windows file procedures for files with an extension ".OK" 8. Revised process data should be provided without extensions. The Instrument engineer will then have an instant review of work not yet performed. Data input sequential file requirements (In input order) __________________________________ "Annubar" Gas Flow Element Elbow Gas Flow Element IFOA Gas Flow Element 1 Tag number Seq file 2 Fluid name Txt1(3) 3 Maximum flow G(1) 4 Normal flow G(18) 5 Temperature G(2) 6 Inlet pressure G(3) 7 Barometric pressure G(15) 8 Differential range G(4) 9 MW G(5) 10 Cp/Cv G(6) 11 Viscosity G(7) 12 Pipe size G(8) 13 Density G(9) 14 Critical pressure G(10) 15 Critical temperature G(11) 16 Line number Txt1(1) 17 Service Txt1(2) _________________________________ Target Gas Flow element 1 Tag number Seq file 2 Fluid name Txt1(3) 3 Maximum flow 4 Temperature 5 Inlet pressure 6 Barometric pressure 7 MW 8 Cp/Cv 9 Viscosity 10 Pipe size
G(1) G(2) G(3) G(15) G(5) G(6) G(7) G(8)
11 Density G(9) 12 Critical pressure G(10) 13 Critical temperature G(11) 14 Line number Txt1(2) 15 Service Txt1(1) ___________________________________ "Annubar" Liquid Flow Elements Elbow Liquid Flow Element IFOA Liquid Flow Element 1 Tag number (Seq file) 2 Fluid name Txt1(3) 3 Maximum flow G(1) 4 Normal flow G(18) 5 Temperature G(2) 6 Inlet pressure G(3) 7 Barometric pressure G(15) 8 Differential range G(4) 9 SG @ FTP G(5) 10 SG@ Base G(6) 11 Viscosity G(7) 12 Pipe size G(8) 13 Line number Txt1(2) 14 Service Txt1(2) _________________________________ Target Liquid Flow Element 1 Tag number Seq file 2 Fluid name Txt1(3) 3 Maximum flow G(1) 4 Temperature G(2) 5 Inlet pressure G(3) 6 Barometric pressure G(15) 7 SG @ FTP G(5) 8 SG@ Base G(6) 9 Viscosity G(7) 10 Pipe size G(8) 11 Line number Txt1(2) 12 Service Txt1(1) Fixed Geometry1 Pipe Inside Diameter The orifice pipe run is the straight sections of pipe, upstream and downstream of the orifice plate, as specified in ISO 5167 and AGA3 and ANSI 2530. The ISO pipe inside diameter is the average 0f 12 measurements of the upstream section of the meter measured at a room temperature. Initially, in most cases, the orifice pipe run is not available and the standard size is used. This is available in a program look-up table. To find the size, select the meter run size
