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*nbiaubiabgifiuy) eba *hcxu mllmhui|mamx) ! N}u} bebfbj x}bu} `caeixi eiabnix ybad gmw`biuba emadba {wce}`& {mfbybaba& cwbad& {wcxmx eba fiad`}adba ybad nmnma}ji bub} nmfmgiji b{b b{b ybad eijbwb{`ba! [maiad`buba n}u} {mfbybaba {mfbybaba WX eb{bu ei{bh} ebwi iaumwabf bub}{}a m`xumwabf! Gbayb` {mw}xbjbba ybad nmadbfbni `mw}diba ybad h}`}{ gmxbw& `bwmab uieb` umwiaumdwbxiayb umwiaumdwbxiayb nbxbfbj nbxbfbj {madbebba fcdixui`!

Dmobfbayb bebfbj bebfbj umwobeiayb

`mfmgijba bub} `m`}wbadba {mwxmeibba& `mw}xb`ba& `mxbfbjba {madiwinba& `mjifbadba eba xmgbdbiayb! xmgbdbiayb! Xmob}j iai& WX nmfb`}`ba nmfb`}`ba {madbebba fcdixui` fcdixui` gmw}{b bfbu `mxmjbuba `mxmjbuba eba eba cgbu.cgbuba cgbu.cgbuba nmfbf}i nmfbf}i umài` *Emfi|mwy Cwemw#EC)!

Ebfbn

bwuiba& {mnbxc` jbayb nmadbaubw`ba gbwbad {wce}`xiayb xmx}bi emadba {mnmxbaba! [beb umài` E#C {mw}xbjbba uieb` nmnifiì `mumw`biuba ybad mwbu baubwb {mnbxc` eba `cax}nma! `cax}nma!

@mobeiba xm{mwui iu} eb{bu eijiaebwi emadba

nmadiaumdwbxi`ba xmn}b `mdibuba fcdixui` n}fbi ebwi }o}ad {mnbxc` {bfiad btbf xbn{bi `m `cax}nma `cax}nma {bfiad b`jiw! b`jiw! @caxm{ iaumdwbxi fcdixui` iai eixmg}u eixmg}u emadba

*x}{{fy hjbia#wbaubi {bxc`ba) ybad o}db nmw}{b`ba xbfbj xbu} }{byb {maiad`buba n}u} {mfbybaba WX xmhbwb iaumwabf! Wbaubi {bxc`ba bebfbj {madiaumdwbxiba bùi|iubx {madbebba gbjba eba {mfbybaba& {mad}gbjba nmaobei gbwbad xmumadbj obei eba {wce}` b`jiw& xmwub {madiwinba `m {mfbaddba! Xmf}w}j bùi|iubx iai nmahb`}{ bùi|iubx {mngmfiba eba *c}uxc}whiad)& eiubngbj l}adxi fbia ybad {mauiad gbdi j}g}adba baubwb {mnbxc` eba eixuwig}ucw *Jmimw eba Wmaemw& 7;;5)! 7;;5)! Nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba {bxc`ba *NW[) nmahb`}{ xmf}w}j `mdibuba bw}x eba uwbaxlcwnbxi gbwbad n}fbi ebwi gbjba nmaubj& xbn{bi {maybf}wba `m ubadba `cax}nma& umwnbx}` bfiwba ialcwnbxiayb! Gbjba gb`} eba bfiwba ialcwnbxi bebfbj wbad`biba ebwi wbaubi {bxc`ba! @mdibuba NW[ ebfbn {mfb`xbabbaayb nmfigbu`ba xmhbwb fbadx}ad bub}{}a uieb` fbadx}ad xmn}b {mw}xbjbba eba cwdbaixbxi ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba {mw}xbjbba iaui! U}o}ba b`jiw ebwi NW[ bebfbj nmnb`xinbf`ba `mxmf}w}jba aifbi! @mxmf}w}jba aifbi ybad einb`x}e bebfbj `mxmf}w}jba `mxmf}w}jba eibaubwb aifbi ebwi {wce}` b`jiw umwjbeb{ {mfbaddba eba }{byb wbaubi {bxc`ba xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba ei ebfbn nmnma}ji {mwniaubba {mfbaddba! [mamwb{ba NW[ nmnifiì gmgmwb{b bfbxba ybad xbadbu nmaebxbw& eibaubwbayb *Xbie& 7;;<) ? 2! Xiu}bxi dmcdwblix Iaecamxib xmgbdbi amdbwb `m{}fb}ba ybad xbadbu f}bx 7! [mw}gbjba {bwbeidnb {mwxbiadba 8! Xmnbìa hbaddijayb e}`}adba umàcfcdi ialcwnbxi @mgmwjbxifba NW[ xbadbu ei{madbw}ji cfmj xixumn ybad eiba}u cfmj xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba! {mw}xbjbba! Xixumn ybad umfbj eigbad}a jbw}x eim|bf}bxi emadba hbwb {madb}eiuba xmhbwb nmaymf}w}j& gbi` ebwi xixi {mw}xbjbba& {mnbxc` jiaddb `cax}nma! @mfmgijba ebwi {mamwb{ba NW[& eibaubwbayb {mw}xbjbba eb{bu emadba hm{bu nmadmubj}i `mmlmùilba ebwi xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba *eixuwig}xi) o}db eb{bu nmwmx{ca hm{bu `mg}u}jba eba `miadiaba ebwi `cax}nma b`ba x}bu} gbwbad! Abn}a& ei xixi fbia umweb{bu `mfmnbjba ebwi {mamwb{ba NW[& eibaubwbayb xixumn eixuwig}xi ybad beb `}wbad nmae}`}ad& `}cub eba ubwil ybad nmadbjbfbadi {mw}xbjbba bxiad }au}` nmfb`}`ba gixaix ei ebmwbj& wixi`c {cfiui` eba nbub }bad ei xmg}bj amdbwb ybad uieb` xubgif!

Nma}w}u Jmimw eba Wmaemw *7;;5) umweb{bu uidb {mwnbxbfbjba ybad einifiì NW[& ybiu} c{uinbxi fc`bf& iaxmauil eba fcu gmxbw! Wiahibaayb xmgbdbi gmwi`}u ? b! C{uinbxi fc`bf Baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba jbw}x nmn}xbu`ba {mwjbuiba }au}` nmnb`xinbf`ba `m}au}adba

fc`bf

bub}

nmniainbf`ba

gibyb

fbadx}ad

gmwebxbw`ba

{madbfbnba eba {madmubj}ba ybad einifiì! Wmx{ca ybad eigmwi`ba ybad umwfbf} gmwfmgijba eb{bu nmaebubad`ba `mw}diba gbdi {bwb baddcub {bxc`ba! g! Iaxmauil Iaxmauil ybad einb`x}e gmw}{b iaxmauil {mao}bfba eba {cucadba& `bwmab `}bauiubx& `}cub eba {wcncxi! Iaxmauil nmnbx}``ba gbwbad ebdbadba `m wbaubi {bxc`ba }au}` {mao}bfba ybad gmf}n umwobei eb{bu nmaing}f`ba lf}ù}bxi ybad nbjbf gbdi xmn}b baddcub wbaubi! h! Fcu gmxbw [mnmxbaba ebfbn o}nfbj gmxbw ybad eifb`}`ba cfmj {mw}xbjbba eb{bu nmaing}f`ba `mw}diba oi`b uieb` eixmwubi emadba {madmubj}ba xmhbwb omfbx umaubad `b{bxiubx d}ebad eba `b{bxiubx {wce}`xi! Iaui ebwi {mwxbiadba {mw}xbjbba.{mw}xbjbba xm`bwbad iai umwfmub` {beb gbdbinbab xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba nbn{} nmahi{ub`ba {wce}` bub} obxb ybad fmgij n}wbj& fmgij gbi`& eba fmgij hm{bu eigbaeiad`ba emadba {mxbiad gixaixayb! Jbf umwxmg}u nmnb`xb {mw}xbjbba }au}` nmaiad`bu`ba ìamwobayb gixaixayb! ]au}` eb{bu nmaiad`bu`ba ìamwobayb& xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba jbw}x nbn{} nmaobfia `mwobxbnb emadba {bwb niuwb gixaixayb& ebfbn jbf iai {ijb`.{ijb` ybad nmngmwi`ba

{bxc`ba

`mg}u}jba

{mw}xbjbba

ebfbn

gmwgbdbi

gmau}`!

[madiaumdwbxiba iai b`ba nmaiad`bu`ba mliximaxi eba mlmùi|iubx! Xmfbia iu}& fmgij ob}j fbdi nmahi{ub`ba `m}add}fba `m}add}fba `cn{muiuil umwumau} gbdi {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba umw`biu! W}nbj Xbìu Ixfbn Ob`bwub Hmn{b`b [}uij *WXIOH[) bebfbj xbu} hcaucj {mw}xbjbba ybad gmwdmwb` ei giebad obxb `mxmjbuba ybad xbadbu nmn{mwjbui`ba n}u} {mfbybabaayb! Cfmj `bwmab iu}& {beb WX iai eiumwb{`ba NW[! Abn}a xmob}jnbab `mmlmùilba eba {madbw}jayb {mwf} eiuiaob} fmgij ob}j fbdi& d}ab nmadm|bf}bxi ìamwob ybad nmadbwbj {beb {mw`mngbadba gmw`mfbao}uba *hcauiac}x in{wc|mnmau)!

2!7! [mw}n}xba Nbxbfbj

Gmwebxbw`ba fbubw gmfb`bad umwxmg}u& nb`b {mwnbxbfbjba ybad eiumfiui bebfbj ? 2! Gbdbinbab nmn{mfbobwi& nmadbabfixix eba nmngmwi`ba dbngbwba umaubad {mamwb{ba NW[ ei WXIOH[ 3 7! Gbdbinbab ubaddb{ba baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba eba j}g}adba `mmlmùilba umwjbeb{ NW[ ei WXIOH[3 2!8! U}o}ba [mamfiuiba

Gmwebxbw`ba {mw}n}xba nbxbfbj ei bubx& nb`b u}o}ba {mamfiuiba ybad b`ba eihb{bi bebfbj ? 2! Nmn{mfbobwi& nmadbabfixix eba nmngmwi`ba dbngbwba {mamwb{ba NW[ ei WXIOH[ 7! Nmadmubj}i ubaddb{ba baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba *{mnbxc`& {mw}xbjbba eba fbybaba lbwnbxi) 8! Nmadbabfixix j}g}adba mlmùi|iubx umwjbeb{ NW[ ei WXIOH[!

II! UIAOB]BA []XUB@B

7!2! Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba 7!2!2! Emliaixi Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba *NW[) bub} XHN *X}{{fy Hjbia Nbabdmnmau) {madiaumdwbxiba

nma}w}u bùi|iubx

Jmimw

eba

{madbebba

Wmaemw gbjba

*7;;5) eba

bebfbj

{mfbybaba&

{mad}gbjba nmaobei gbwbad xmumadbj obei eba {wce}` b`jiw& xmwub {madiwinba `m {mfbaddba! Xmf}w}j bùi|iubx iai nmahb`}{ bùi|iubx {mngmfiba eba *c}uxc}whiad)& eiubngbj l}adxi fbia ybad {mauiad gbdi j}g}adba baubwb {mnbxc` {mnbxc` eba eixuwig}ucw! W}xxmf bae Ubyfcw *7;;8) nmabngbj`ba gbjtb NW[ nmadbu}w bfiwba ialcwnbxi ybad eiumw}x`ba `m wbaubi {bxc`ba ei ebfbn {mnmxbaba }au}` nmahb{bi uiad`bu xia`wcaixbxi ebfbn nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba `cax}nma emadba nma}w}a`ba gibyb! Nma}w}u Xbie *7;;<)& NW[ bebfbj {madmfcfbba ialcwnbxi& gbwbad eba obxb n}fbi ebwi {mnbxc` {bfiad btbf xbn{bi `m `cax}nma {bfiad b`jiw emadba nmadd}ab`ba {maem`buba xixumn umwiaumdwbxi emadba u}o}ba ybad xbnb! Eb{bu eibwui`ba {}fb wbaubi {bxc`ba bebfbj bf}w {mwobfbaba gbwbad& ialcwnbxi eba `m}badba! [beb }n}nayb gmwbtbf ebwi {mngmfiba gbjba ebxbw bub}{}a xmumadbj obei& ybad `mn}eiba eigmwbad`bu`ba nma}o} {bgwi` }au}` eicfbj nmaobei gbwbad obei! Xmumfbj iu}& gbwbad.gbwbad gbwbad.gbwbad obei umwxmg}u b`ba eiumw}x`ba `m d}ebad bub} {}xbu eixuwig}xi }au}` eibaubw`ba `m *wmubifmw)& eixuwig}ucw bub}{}a fbadx}ad `m w}nbj#`baucw {mfbaddba! B`jiwayb& fbybaba {}wab o}bf xm{mwui {mwbtbuba eba {mwgbi`ba bub} {madmngbfiba eba {maeb}w}fbadba ebwi {wce}`.{wce}` umwxmg}u eib`jiw nbxb d}abayb! [mwmahbabba wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad gbi` b`ba nmadc{uinbfixbxi`ba bf}w!

7!2!7! [wiaxi{ Ebxbw Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Finb {wiaxi{ ebxbw ebfbn NW[ bebfbj ? b! [wiaxi{ iaumdwbxi Xmn}b }ax}w ybad umwfigbu ebfbn wbad`biba NW[ gmwbeb ebfbn xbu} `mxbu}ba ybad `cn{b` eba nmaybebwi bebayb xbfiad `mumwdbau}adba g! [wiaxi{ Omobwiad Xmn}b }ax}w gmwbeb ebfbn j}g}adba `mwob ybad xmfbwbx! h! [wiaxi{ }o}ad `m }o}ad [wcxmx c{mwbxiayb nmahb`}{ mfmnma {mnbxc` ybad {bfiad j}f} xbn{bi `m `cax}nma ybad {bfiad jifiw! e! [wiaxi{ xbfiad umwdbau}ad Xmuib{ }ax}w ebfbn NW[ nmaybebwi gbjtb }au}` nmahb{bi nbalbbu

gmwxbiad

ei{mwf}`ba

`mwobxbnb

ybad

xbfiad

nmad}au}ad`ba! m! [wiaxi{ @cn}ai`bxi @mb`}wbuba ebub nmaobei ebwbj ebfbn obwiadba }au}` nmaobei `mum {buba ialcwnbxi eba nbumwibf! 7!2!8!

]ax}w eba W}bad Fiad`}{ NW[

U}addbf *7;;:) nmaymg}u`ba }ax}w.}ax}w ebfbn NW[ bebfbj ? 2! Xuw}ù}w obwiadba wbaubi {bxc`ba Obwiadba `mwob baddcub eba j}g}adba emadba wbaubi {bxc`ba fbiaayb! 7! [wcxmx gixaix wbaubi {bxc`ba Bùi|iubx.bùi|iubx ybad nmadjbxif`ba aifbi `mf}bwba umwumau} gbdi {mfbaddba! 8! @cn{cama NW[ [m}gbj.{m}gbj {mngmfiba einbab {wcxmx gixaix eixbu}`ba eba eix}x}a xm{baobad wbaubi {bxc`ba!

Xibdiba *7;;=) nmaybub`ba w}bad fiad`}{ NW[ nmfi{}ui ? 2! Wbaubi {bxc`ba nmahb`}{ xmf}w}j `mdibuba bw}x eba uwbaxlcwnbxi gbwbad& n}fbi ebwi gbjba nmaubj& xbn{bi {maybf}wba `m ubadba `cax}nma& umwnbx}` bfiwba ialcwnbxiayb! ialcwnbxiayb! Gbjba gb`} eba bfiwba ialcwnbxi ialcwnbxi bebfbj wbad`biba ebwi wbaubi {bxc`ba! 7! Wbaubi {bxc`ba xmgbdbi x}bu} xixumn umn{bu cwdbaixbxi nmaybf}w`ba gbwbad {wce}`xi! 7!2!5! Iemauili`bxi Baddcub Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Nma}w}u U}addbf *7;;:)& baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba nmfi{}ui xmn}b {mw}xbjbba eba cwdbaixbxi ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba {mw}xbjbba iaui& gbi` xmhbwb fbadx}ad nb}{}a uieb` fbadx}ad nmfbf}i {mnbxc` bub} {mfbaddbaayb ebwi *{ciau cl cwidia) jiaddb *{ciau cl hcax}n{uica) umweiwi bubx ? b! Baddcub {winmw bebfbj xmn}b {mw}xbjbba#}aiu gixaix xuwbumdi` ybad gmabw.gmabw nmaobfba`ba bùi|iubx c{mwbxicabf eba nbabomwibf ebfbn {wcxmx gixaix ybad eiwbahbad }au}` nmadjbxif`ba `mf}bwba umwumau} gbdi {mfbaddba bub} `cax}nma! g! Baddcub xm`}aemw bebfbj {mw}xbjbba.{mw}xbjbba ybad nmaymeib`ba x}ngmw ebyb& {madmubj}ba& }uifiubx bub} bxmu.bxmu gbdi baddcub {winmw ei wbaubi {bxc`ba! Xibdiba *7;;=) nmaybub`ba gbjtb NW[ gmw`biuba fbadx}ad emadba xi`f}x gbjba gb`} ebwi {mnbxc` `m {wce}`xi& d}ebad eba eixuwig}xi `mn}eiba xbn{bi `m `cax}nma! [mw}xbjbba nmaiad`bu`ba `mnbn{}ba gmwxbiad nmfbf}i {maymx}biba {wce}`& n}u} ybad uiaddi& {mad}wbadba gibyb eba `mhm{buba nmwbij {bxbw emadba {mam`baba {beb wbaubi {bxc`ba! Wbaubi {bxc`ba nmahb`}{ `mxmf}w}jba iaumwb`xi baubwb {mnbxc`& {mw}xbjbba nba}lbù}w& eixuwig}ucw eba `cax}nma! Iaumwb`xi iai o}db gmw`biuba emadba uwbax{cwubxi& ialcwnbxi& {maobetbfba& uwbaxlmw `wmeiu nb}{}a u}abi& xmwub uwbaxlmw gbjba gb`} baubwb {ijb`.{ijb` ybad umwfigbu! Wbaubi {bxc`ba nma}w}u Xibdiba *7;;=) ein}bu {beb Dbngbw 2!

. Ialcwnbxi {maobetbfba . Bw}x `bx . Bw}x {mxbaba [mnbxc`

[mwxmeibba

 

[mw}xbjbba

Eixuwig}xi

@cax}nma

Bw}x `wmeiu Bw}x gbjba gb`} Dbngbw 2! Wbaubi {bxc`ba *Xibdiba& 7;;=)

7!2!=! Omaix.omaix Obwiadba [wcxmx Gixaix

Nmaybu}`ba eba nmadbu}w xmn}b {wcxmx gixaix nmfbf}i wbaubi {bxc`ba uieb` b`ba xmmlmùil emadba jbxif ybad iadia eihb{bi! Jbw}x beb {mnixbjba obwiadba nbab ybad gmabw.gmabw {mauiad eba {mwf} ei{mwjbui`ba! Nma}w}u U}addbf *7;;:)& beb 5 omaix obwiadba {wcxmx gixaix& ybiu} ? 2! Nbabdme {wchmxx fia`x

Obwiadba einbab {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) nmwbxb {mauiad }au}` gmwxbu} eba `cfbgcwbxi emadba emadba baddcub fbia ebwi wbaubi wbaubi {bxc`ba! [mw}xbjbba *lchbf) b`ba bùil gmwxbu} eba nmadbu}w {wcxmx emadba `cax}nma eba {mnbxc`! 7! Ncaiucwme {wchmxx fia`x

[mw}xbjbba *lchbf) uieb` bùil umwfigbu& umub{i jbayb nmaiaob} eba nmadb}eiu xmhbwb gmw`bfb gbdbinbab xmuib{ {wcxmx eixbu}`ba bub} eibu}w! 8! Acu nbabdme {wchmxx {wchmxx fia`x

[mw}xbjbba *lchbf) uieb` umwfigbu xmhbwb bùil eba uieb` o}db nmaiaob} xmhbwb

`cauia}

xm{mwui

{beb

obwiadba

xmgmf}nayb!

[mw}xbjbba

nmn{mwhbyb`ba baddcub fbia ybad nmadbu}wayb! 5! Aca nmngmw {wchmxx fia`x

[wcxmx baubwb baddcub.baddcub baddcub.baddcub {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) emadba xmfbia baddcub ebwi wbaubi {bxc`ba! Aca baddcub uieb` umwnbx}` umwnbx}` ebfbn xuw}ù}w obwiadba wbaubi {bxc`ba *lchbf)& umub{i {mw}xbjbba aca baddcub umwxmg}u eb{bu eba xmwiad nmngmwi {madbw}j {beb {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) eba baddcub.baddcub baddcub.baddcub fbiaayb!

7!2!
Nmadmfcfb NW[ xmhbwb {wce}ùil eba mlixima bebfbj xmx}bu} ybad xbadbu {mauiad gbdi xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba& `bwmab xmhbwb uieb` fbadx}ad b`ba nmn{madbw}ji `m}au}adba {cumaxibf ybad b`ba ei{mwcfmj {mw}xbjbba! Xmhbwb umcwi& nma}w}u Xbie *7;;<) eixmg}u`ba ubjb{ba }au}` nmahb{bi wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad {wce}ùil eba mlixima bebfbj ? 2! Umub{`ba NW[ xmgbdbi bx{m` xuwbumdi` {mw}xbjbba Nmamwb{`ba NW[ uieb` jbayb {beb fm|mf c{mwbxicabf& umub{i xmhbwb nmaymf}w}j! 7! Wbahbad {wcxmx NW[ ebwi }o}ad `m }o}ad Cwdbaixbxi nmwbahbad {cfb bfiwba ialcwnbxi eba gbwbad n}fbi ebwi {mnbxc` {bfiad btbf xbn{bi `cax}nma {bfiad b`jiw! Gmau}` iaumw|maxi ybad {mwf} eifb`}`ba eb{bu gmwgmeb.gmeb& ybiu} beb ybad {mwf} ei`maebfi`ba fbadx}ad& beb ybad jbayb {mwf} eincaiucw& beb ybad jbayb {mwf} ei`mubj}i xbob! Emadba nmnifiì wbahbadba wbahbadba iai& {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba eb{bu nmnmub`ba emadba gbi` {wcxmx nbab ybad eb{bu nmaymgbg`ba gibyb uiaddi bub} {wcxmx nbab ybad eb{bu nmaymgbg`ba tbù} {bfiad fbnb! 8! Wbahbad xuw}ù}w cwdbaixbxi NW[ [mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmn{mwomfbx m`xixumaxi ebfbn xmg}bj cwdbaixbxi& g}`ba jbayb xmgbdbi {mwbad`bu `mwob ei f}bw xixumn! 5! @mngbad`ba ncemf `cfbgcwbxi ybad um{bu [mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmngbad}a `mwobxbnb emadba {mw}xbjbba fbia& `bwmab jbn{iw uieb` n}adìa beb {mw}xbjbba ybad nbn{} nmfb`}`ba xmn}b `mdibubaayb xmaeiwi emadba nmngbad}a `mwobxbnb! =! D}ab`ba bfbu }`}w ìamwob ybad um{bu Bfbu }`}w ybad gbi` }au}` NW[ bebfbj ybad nmnifiì {madj}g}ad emadba xuwbumdi cwdbaixbxi& xmingbad eba `cn{wmjmaxil& {mamub{ba ubwdmu xmgbaeiad emadba xiu}bxi iaumwabf nb}{}a m`xumwabf& xmwub ubwdmuayb bdwmxil& umub{i eb{bu eihb{bi& eb{bu eincaiucw emadba n}ebj& eb{bu eid}ab`ba }au}` {maiad`buba {wce}ùi|iubx gmw`mfbao}uba eba eb{bu eifb`xbab`ba nmfbf}i wmahbab in{fmnmaubxi lcwnbf! Bfbu }`}w eid}ab`ba }au}` nmadmubj}i `caeixi XHN {mw}xbjbba nmngbi` bub} nmng}w}`&

xmjiaddb emadba nmadmubj}i {cxixi {mw}xbjbba eijbwb{`ba eb{bu xmdmwb eifb`}`ba {mwgbi`ba! Nma}w}u Jbniad eba A}wabobn}eeia *7;;4)& bwmb `cn{muiuil eba xuwbumdi` gmwi`}u eb{bu ei{b`bi xmgbdbi {may}ngbad nbalbbu ybad xmn{}wab }au}` {mamwb{ba xixumn NW[ ybad mlmùil! Lbùcw `cn{muiuil eba xuwbumdi` einb`x}e bebfbj ? 2! [mnma}jba `mg}u}jba Bùi|iubx ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba `m{bxuiba `mh}`}{ba `}bauiubx ebwi `cn{cama ybad ei{mwf}`ba ebfbn nmaobfba`ba {wce}`xi bub} {wce}` ybad b`ba eio}bf& eba uigb {beb tbù} ybad um{bu um{bu xmx}bi obetbf! Jbf iu} ein}adìa`ba nmfbf}i bebayb `cn}ai`bxi mlmùil& ybad nmnbxui`ba gbjtb {mxbaba eiumub{`ba {beb xmo}nfbj obetbf ybad xmx}bi eba xib{ }au}` ei{ma}ji! ei{ma}ji! Xixumn NW[ nmn}adìa`ba x}bu} {mw}xbjbba xmhbwb umub{ nmfijbu b{b ybad beb ei d}ebad {mwxmeibba eba nmybìa`ba gbjtb o}nfbj ybad ei{mxba xmx}bi emadba `mg}u}jba einb`x}e ei nb`x}e ebfbn {mxbaba eba obetbf }au}` nmaddbaui`ba xmeibba ybad x}ebj ei{b`bi! 7! Fcdixui` Bùi|iubx ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba {madbebba xmeibba gbjba bub} `cn{cama ybad ei{mwf}`ba! Bùi|iubx umwxmg}u o}db {mwf} eiobdb bdbw gibyb bad`}uba nbumwibf xmwmaebj n}adìa& `caxixuma emadba tbù} {maymwbjba ybad eiobaoi`ba& xmwub eifb`}`ba xmhbwb um{bu tbù} eba bnba! Ebfbn jbf iai& xixumn NW[ nmn}adìa`ba x}bu} {mw}xbjbba }au}` nmn{}aybi `caub` umub{ emadba uin eixuwig}xiayb& eb{bu umweiwi bubx uw}`& `mwmub b{i& bub} omaix uwbax{cwubxi fbia! Xixumn eb{bu nmadiia`ba {mw}xbjbba }au}` nmaobobì nbumwibf ybad ei{mwf}`ba xmhbwb umw}x.nmamw}x! 8! [wce}`xi Bùi|iubx umwxmg}u gmwj}g}adba emadba `mdibuba nmadcfbj gbjba nmaobei `mf}bwba ybad eiwmahbab`ba! Bùi|iubx iu} jbw}x nbn{} nmaobnia gbjtb fiai {wce}`xi bub} fiai {mwbìuba gmwl}adxi emadba gbi`! Lbxifiubx eb{bu gmwl}adxi nmn}bx`ba oi`b eie}`}ad cfmj `mumwxmeibba `cn{cama ybad gmwn}u} gmwn}u} uiaddi eba umwxmeib umwxmeib `mui`b ei{mwf}`ba! [wce}`xi eb{bu gmwfbadx}ad xmhbwb umwbu}w& oi`b eiu}aobad cfmj nbabomnma fcdixui`

eba {mnma}jba bubx cwemw gbjba bub} `cn{cama ybad nmn}bx`ba& ybiu} xmx}bi |cf}nm `mg}u}jba eba {maymwbjbaayb um{bu xmx}bi obetbf! 5! [maeb{buba eba fbgb Bùi|iubx umwxmg}u gmwj}g}adba emadba bùi|iubx {mnbxbwba eba {mao}bfba& ybiu} nmngmwi`ba fbybaba {maybn{biba {wce}` bub} obxb `m{beb {mfbaddba ybad nmng}u}j`ba xmhbwb um{bu o}nfbj& um{bu tbù}& eba um{bu n}u}! @mdibuba iu} jbw}x nbn{} nmngmwi`ba obniaba gbjtb uieb` beb {mao}bfba ybad b`ba jifbad& `bwmab {mwxmeibba uieb` beb bub} `cxcad! Nmadmfcfb wbaubi {bxc`ba emadba gbi` b`ba nmaiad`bu`ba lfm`xigifiubx {mw}xbjbba ebfbn gmwmb`xi umwjbeb{ {mw}gbjba uieb` umwe}db ybad umwobei bubx {mwniaubba eba {mabtbwba! {mabtbwba! Xmj}g}adba emadba jbf umwxmg}u& x}bu} {mw}xbjbba nmn{}aybi `mnbn{}ba nmadjbxif`ba gbwbad b{beb jbwdb ybad fmgij wmaebj eba nmaeixuwig}xi`baayb `m `cax}nma ebfbn tbù} ybad fmgij hm{bu eigbaeiad`ba oi`b uieb` nmamwb{`ba NW[& xmjiaddb NW[ gmw{mwba }au}` nmaiad`bu`ba fbgb ucubf {mw}xbjbba! =! Gibyb.gibyb @mnbn{}ba gmw{wce}`xi xmhbwb mlmùil eba mlixima& {beb difiwbaayb b`ba nmnbn{}`ba {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba nmnifiì `m}add}fba bubx bx{m` gibyb! Lbùcw gibyb {wce}`xi bub} {mayib{ba {wce}` nmw}{b`ba xbfbj xbu} ebwi mn{bu lbùcw `m}add}fba `cn{muiuil {mw}xbjbba! NW[ nbn{} nmad}wbadi gibyb nmfbf}i {maiad`buba wbxic {mw{}ubwba xmeibba ei d}ebad& nmadmaebfi`ba n}u} {wcxmx eba nmad}wbadi gibyb `mdbdbfba iaumwabf eba m`xumwabf& xmwub gm`mwobxbnb emadba {mnbxc`& bdbw eb{bu nmadjbxif`ba `mf}bwba nmfbf}i {mnbalbbubba bfbu.bfbu {bgwi`bxi xmhbwb mlixima!
nmn}adìa`ba

{mw}xbjbba

nmn{}aybi

b`xmx

umwjbeb{

ialcwnbxi ybad eb{bu ei{mwhbyb& nmadjbxif`ba uiad`bu {mwxmeibba ybad fmgij wmaebj& nmncucad *fmbe uinm)& nmaiad`bu`ba n}u} {wce}`&

nmaiad`bu`ba n}u} wbnbfba eba b`jiwayb nmaiad`bu`ba fbybaba `m{beb {mfbaddba& xmwub {mwcfmjba fbgb ybad nmn}bx`ba! [bwb {mnbxc` o}db nmamwinb nbalbbu ebwi j}g}adba `mwobxbnb nmfbf}i {maiad`buba {mngmfi& {maiad`buba n}u} eba {ma}w}aba gibyb! Xmn}b iu} b`ba nmadjbxif`ba {madjmnbuba! @cax}nma o}db eb{bu nmamwinb nbalbbu nmfbf}i umwxmeibayb {wce}` emadba n}u} fmgij uiaddi bubx gibyb bub} jbwdb ybad fmgij n}wbj! 7!2!4! [mauiadayb Wbaubi [bxc`ba ebfbn [mw}xbjbba

[cxixi wbaubi {bxc`ba xbadbu {mauiad ebfbn xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba& gbi` umw`biu emadba `mgiob`ba nb}{}a xuwbumdi! Xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba b`ba ei{madbw}ji cfmj gmgmwb{b lbùcw {mauiad ei gbtbj iai ? 2! [bxbw [bxbw nmnmwf}`ba {wce}` emadba n}u} gbd}x eba jbwdb n}wbj! Xmgmf}nayb umfbj ei`mngbad`ba `caxm{ *Hcax}nmw Wmfbuicaxji{ Nbabdmnmau)& abn}a xbbu iai umfbj gmw`mngbad nmaobei *Hcax}nmw Iauinbhy Nbabdmnmau)! @caxm{ *Hcax}nmw Iauinbhy Nbabdmnmau) nmw}{b`ba g}ùi `m{me}fiba {mw}xbjbba `m{beb `cax}nma! 7! [mwxbiadba X}bu} {mw}xbjbba gmw`cn{muixi emadba {mw}xbjbba fbia ei gmwgbdbi fiai n}fbi ebwi {wce}`xi& {wcxmx& {mfbybaba eba iac|bxi! [beb btbfayb& {mw}xbjbba jbayb lc`}x {beb {wce}`xi& abn}a xbbu iai umfbj gmwdmxmw `m{beb eixuwig}xi! [mw}xbjbba gmw`cn{muixi }au}` nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba `cax}nma fmgij btbf emadba nmabtbw`ba {wce}àyb emadba gmwgbdbi fbybaba ybad eixmeib`ba! 8! Umàcfcdi [mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmnbalbbu`ba bxmu ybad einifiì xm{mwui *ebub xmw|mw) }au}` nma}o} *ncgifm hcn{}uiad)! [mnbalbbuba bxmu eid}ab`ba }au}` nmngmwi`ba *|bf}m *|bf}m beeme) `m{beb *h}xucnmw.bxxmu *h}xucnmw.bxxmu iac|buica)!

5! M`cacni In{fmnmaubxi XHN ei`mabf xmgbdbi }xbjb *in{wc|mnmau) ybad gbayb` nmadmf}bw`ba gibyb& `bwmab gbayb` xm`bfi ialwbxuw}ù}w ybad eig}u}j`ba! =! @mgiob`ba {mnmwiaubj Lbùcw iai nmahb`}{ nbxbfbj *ma|iwcanmau)& *fmdbf hcn{fibahm)& xubaebw iae}xuwi& eba fbia.fbia! Nma}w}u Jbniad eba A}wabobn}eeia *7;;4)& {wce}` ybad ei{wcxmx bub} eixmeib`ba nmnmwf}`ba `mwobxbnb gmwgbdbi {ijb` {mfb`xbab `mdibuba fbadx}ad& ybiu} ? 2! [mnbxc` ybad nmae}`}ad umwxmeibayb fcdixui`! 7! L}adxi c{mwbxi bub} em{bwumnma {bgwi`bxi ybad b`ba nmfb`}`ba {madcfbjba bubx nbx}`ba nmaobei `mf}bwba! 8! L}adxi eixuwig}xi eba {mwd}ebadba nmayin{ba eba nmadbu}w eixuwig}xi {wce}` `m `cax}nma! 5! L}adxi {mnbxbwba eba {mao}bfba nmnbxbw`ba bub} nmao}bf {wce}` ybad eijbxif`ba bub} eixmeib`ba xmob` ebwi d}ebad {mw}xbjbba xbn{bi `m ubadba `cax}nma! =! L}adxi fbybaba {mfbaddba bub} *h}xucnmw wmfbuicaxji{ nbabdmnmau)& nmw}{b`ba l}adxi ybad nmadjbw}x`ba }au} ` nmaobdb j}g}adba emadba {bwb {mfbaddba& baubwb fbia xmfbf} nmadiadbu`ba `m{beb {mfbaddba b`ba {wce}` ybad eixmeib`ba bub} ei{wce}`xi cfmj cfmj {mw}xbjbba! [mnmfijbwbba j}g}adba eb{bu eigbad}a nmfbf}i j}g}adba `cwmx{caemaxi& {bnmwba eba `mdibuba j}g}adba nbxybwb`bu! 7!2!:! Hiwi.hiwi NW[

Bxmu xuwbumdi` ybad einifiì {mw}xbjbba xbadbu nmamau}`ba ebyb xbiad! Nma}w}u Xbie Xbie *7;;<)& NW[ gmwhiwi`ba uidb jbf gmwi`}u gmwi`}u ? 2! Bdifiuy

XHN g}`ba xbob jmnbu& umub{i o}db fiahbj ebfbn nmwmx{ca xmuib{ {mw}gbjba umw}ubnb obad`b {maem`! Bdifiuy eb{bu eihb{bi b{bgifb {mw}xbjbba eb{bu nmadmfcfb ialcwnbxi xmhbwb fmgij umwg}`b& gbi` emadba `cax}nma nb}{}a {mnbxc`! Bdifiuy eb{bu eihb{bi emadba nmaobfia j}g}adba gbi` emadba

{mnbxc` eba nmwbahbad {wce}` xubaebw& umub{i eb{bu einceili`bxi {beb }o}ad {mao}bfba! 7! Beb{ubgifiuy

[mw}xbjbba jbw}x ubj} b{b ybad umwobei ei {bxbw& ybiu} b{b`bj b`ba n}ah}f gbjba gb`} gbw}& ncemf uwbax{cwubxi gbw}& eixuwig}ucw gbw}& nmucem `mwob gbw} bub}{}a {bxbw gbw}! 8! Bfidanmau Bfidanmau bebfbj ubjb{ {maymfbwbxba baubwb {bgwi`& {mnbxc` eba

eixuwig}ucw! Jbf iai eb{bu umwobei gifb {mwu}`bwba ialcwnbxi eba {madmubj}ba umfbj gmwfbadx}ad emadba fbahbw ebwi {mnbxc` xbn{bi `m `cax}nma xmemniìba w}{b& xmjiaddb {mw}gbjba {mwniaubba eba {bxc`ba eb{bu ei`mubj}i xmhbwb hm{bu! 7!2!9!

@wiumwib X}`xmx NW[

[mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmn}u}x`ba x}bu} xuwbumdi wbaubi {bxc`ba ebfbn wbad`b nmn{mwcfmj gbwbad eba obxb ebwi {ijb` fbia! 2! Xmx}bi emadba xuwbumdi gixaix

Mn{bu *5) xuwbumdi }ubnb NW[ nma}w}u Xbie *7;;<)& bebfbj ? b! Gibyb Xuwbumdi

gibyb

bebfbj

xuwbumdi

ybad

nmad}ubnb`ba

mliximaxi!

[mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmad}{byb`ba bdbw gibyb {wce}`xi& umwnbx}` gibyb eixuwig}xi nmaobei xmmlixima n}adìa! Xuwbumdi iai gibxbayb gbayb` eid}ab`ba ei iae}xuwi *wmubif) bub} *hcax}nmw dccex)! g! Iac|bxi [mw}xbjbba nmabtbw`ba `m}ai`ba ebwi {wce}`& bìgbuayb eb}w jie}{ {wce}`& nb}{}a umàcfcdi nmaobei xmnbìa xiad`bu eba `mum{buba eba `mhm{buba nbx}` {bxbw xbadbu xbadbu nmamau}`ba! nmamau}`ba!

[bwb {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba ybad

nmaobei *iaac|bucw) b`ba xmfbf} eii`}ui cfmj {mw}xbjbba ybad nmaobei *lbxu lcffctmw)& cfmj `bwmab iu}& {mwba XHN xbadbu {mauiad ebfbn xuwbumdi iac|bxi }au}` nmn{mwxib{`ba {mnbxbwba {wce}àyb!

h! [mfbybaba Xuwbumdi ybad nmad}ubnb`ba {mfbybaba gibxbayb {beb iae}xuwi obxb ybad gmwj}g}adba fbadx}ad emadba `cax}nma! `cax}nma! Hcaucjayb WX eba jcumf! e! N}u} Bebayb obniaba {wce}` eb{bu xbn{bi eba eb{bu ei`cax}nxi xmhbwb bnba! Gibxbayb xuwbumdi iai gbayb` eid}ab`ba {beb iae}xuwi nb`baba eba nia}nba! Xbbu iai umfbj umwxmeib umàcfcdi *uwbhmbgfm)& ybad eb{bu nmnbaub} eba nmfb{cw`ba {cxixi eba `caeixi gbwbad xmfbnb ebfbn {wcxmx {madiwinba! 7! Xmx}bi emadba `mg}u}jba `cax}nma

Nmaemadbw`ba b{b ybad eig}u}j`ba `cax}nma gmxmwub {wicwiubxayb xbadbu ei{mwf}`ba }au}` x}`xmxayb xmg}bj XHN! Ebfbn {mw}xbjbba {mwf} ei`mabfi fmgij fbao}u `mg}u}jba `cax}nma }au}` nbxiad.nbxiad xmdnma eba {wce}` umwumau}! 8! Xmx}bi emadba {ctmw {cxiuica

XHN bebfbj {mwnbiaba {cxixi ebyb ubtbw eba `m`}buba xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba! Jbf ybad {bfiad {bfiad {mauiad ybad ybad jbw}x eifb`}`ba {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba bebfbj nmadmubj}i {cxixi ubtbw {mw}xbjbba! Ebfbn jbf iai& {mw}xbjbba nmng}u}j`ba `mwobxbnb emadba {mw}xbjbba fbia }au}` nmn{mw`}bu {cxixi ubtbw nmabtbw ei {bxbw! 5! Beb{uil

Xiu}bxi gixaix ybad eiabnix b`ba xmfbf} gmw}gbj& gmdiu} o}db XHN {mwf} umw}x gmwbeb{ubxi& `bwmab {mw}gbjba beb ybad gmwfbadx}ad xmhbwb uigb. uigb eba o}db gmwfbadx}ad xmhbwb {mwfbjba! [mw}gbjba umàcfcdi& fiad`}adba gixaix& gbxix `cn{muixi eba umwobeiayb b`}ixixi eb{bu nmn{madbw}ji wbahbadba XHN xmhbwb nmaebxbw!

Nma}w}u Jmimw eba Wmaemw *7;;5)& ybad umwnbx}` `m ebfbn xuwbumdi Wbaubi [bxc`ba beb finb gbdiba& ybiu} ? b! Gbayb` {mnbxc` Xuwbumdi iai nmabaeiad`ba xbu} {mnbxc` emadba {mnbxc` fbia eba nmngmgbai {mnbxc` }au}` }au}` nmnma}ji {mwniaubba {mngmfi! [bwb {mnbxc` gmwxbiad xbu} xbnb fbia xmhbwb bdwmxil! g! Xmeiìu {mnbxc` Xuwbumdi iai eid}ab`ba }au}` nmadmngbad`ba j}g}adba `mniuwbba obad`b {baobad emadba xmeiìu {mnbxc` }au}` nmaobdb `cniunma baubw baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba! h! Iaumdwbxi |mwui`bf Xuwbumdi iai nmadmngbad`ba `mnbn{}ba }au}` nmadjbxif`ba gbwbad bub} obxb ybad xmgmf}nayb eigmfi bub} nmngmfi {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` bub} eixuwig}ucw! e! Obwiadba @miwmux} Xuwbumdi ybad gmwbxbf ebwi ixuifbj gbjbxb Om{bad }au}` nmaddbngbw`ba {bwb {mnbxc` {mnbxc` ybad nmaobei gbdiba ebwi `cbfixi {mw}xbjbba!

Baddcub

*`miwmux}) ei{bxui`ba nmnifiì j}g}adba obad`b {baobad eba `bwmabayb eijbwb{`ba eb{bu gmw{mwba xmgbdbi niuwb ybad nmngmwi`ba `mbjfiba umàix eba `mxubgifba n}u} {wce}`xi }au}` {mw}xbjbba! m! [mw}xbjbba |iwu}bf Xuwbumdi iai nmaddbngbw`ba gbjtb {mw}xbjbba nmadbaebf`ba gmwbdbn j}g}adba {mnbxc` }au}` nmaymeib`ba obxb bubx {mwniaubba ybad eiiadia`ba! Xuwbumdi iai ei`mabf xmgbdbi obwiadba gmwcaddb! 7!7! W}nbj Xbìu

W}nbj Xbìu *WX) bebfbj xmg}bj iaxuiu}xi {mwbtbuba `mxmjbuba {wclmxicabf ybad {mfbybabaayb eixmeib`ba cfmj ecùmw& {mwbtbu eba umabdb bjfi `mxmjbuba fbiaayb! WX umwgbdi ebfbn gmgmwb{b `bumdcwi& beb WX ybad eiobfba`ba

x}bu}

cwdbaixbxi&

WX

umwx{mxibfixbxi&

WX

`j}x}x

{mamfiuiba#{maeiei`ba bub}{}a w}nbj xbìu ybad einifiì cfmj xmg}bj fmngbdb#{mw}xbjbba *ttt!tiì{meib!hcn! 7;;:)!

WX bebfbj {mw}xbjbba obxb gmwxilbu j}nbaix ybad nmaymeib`ba {mfbybaba `mxbjbuba gbdi nbxybwb`bu! [mfbybaba lbwnbxi nmw}{b`ba {mfbybaba {ma}aobad eba xm`bfid}x nmw}{b`ba {}xbu {maeb{buba }ubnb! Jbf umwxmg}u nmadiadbu gbjtb fmgij ebwi 9; {mwxma {mfbybaba `mxmjbuba ei WX nmadd}ab`ba {mwgm`bfba lbwnbxi *cgbu.cgbuba& gbjba ìnib& gbjba wbeicfcdi& gbjba bfbu `mxmjbuba jbgix& bfbu `mecùmwba& eba dbx nmei`) eba =; {mwxma ebwi xmf}w}j {mnbx}`ba WX gmwbxbf ebwi {madmfcfbba {mwgm`bfba lbwnbxi *X}hibui& 7;;<)! 7!8! Bfbu @mxmjbuba eba Cgbu.cgbuba 7!8!2! Emliaixi

Bfbu `mxmjbuba bebfbj bfbu.bfbu ybad eid}ab`ba }au}` nmngbau} ebfbn {wcxmx {mngmwiba obxb `mxmjbuba gbdi {bwb {bxima! Xmebad`ba cgbu

eb{bu

eiemliaixi`ba

xmgbdbi

gbjba

ybad

nmaymgbg`ba

{mw}gbjba ebfbn l}adxi gicfcdix nmfbf}i {wcxmx ìnib! Xmhbwb ixuifbj ybad fmad`b{& cgbu bebfbj gbjba bub} hbn{}wba gbjba ybad eid}ab`ba *2) {madcgbuba& {mwmebba& {mahmdbjba bub} eibdacxb x}bu} {maybìu& `mfbiaba lixi` bub} dmobfb.dmobfbayb {beb nba}xib bub} jmtba0 bub} *7) ebfbn {mn}fijba& {mwgbi`ba bub} {mad}gbjba l}adxi cwdbai` {beb nba}xib bub} jmtba *ttt!{jb{wcx!hcn& 7;;<)! 7!8!7! @fbxili`bxi Cgbu

Gmwebxbw`ba }aebad.}aebad cgbu eidcfcad`ba ebfbn? 2! Cgbu Gmgbx

Cgbu gmgbx bebfbj cgbu ybad gcfmj eid}ab`ba uba{b wmxm{ ecùmw eixmg}u cgbu CUH *C|mw Ujm Hc}aumw) ybad umweiwi bubx cgbu gmgbx eba cgbu gmgbx umwgbubx! b! Cgbu gmgbx Cgbu gmgbx& ybiu} cgbu ybad eb{bu eigmfi gmgbx ei b{cum`& gbj`ba tbw}ad& uba{b wmxm{ ecùmw& eiubaebi emadba fiad`bwba jiob} gmwdbwix um{i jiubn! Cgbu gmgbx iai eid}ab`ba }au}` nmadcgbui dmobfb {maybìu ybad wiadba& nixbfayb |iubnia#n}fui |iubnia!

g! Cgbu gmgbx umwgbubx Cgbu gmgbx umwgbubx bebfbj cgbu.cgbuba ybad ebfbn o}nfbj umwumau} nbxij eb{bu eigmfi ei b{cum`& uba{b wmxm{ ecùmw& nmnb`bi ubaeb fiad`bwba fiad`bwba giw} gmwdbwix um{i jiubn! Hcaucjayb& cgbu baui nbg}` eba cgbu baui lf}! 7! Cgbu @mwbx

Cgbu

`mwbx

bebfbj

cgbu

gmw`jbxibu

`mwbx

ybad

}au}`

nmn{mwcfmjayb jbw}x emadba wmxm{ ecùmw& nmnb`bi ubaeb fiad`bwba nmwbj gmwdbwix um{i jiubn emadba u}fixba j}w}l @ ei ebfbnayb! Cgbu.cgbuba ybad umwnbx}` ebfbn dcfcadba iai bebfbj bauigicui` *umuwbxi`fia& {maixifia& eba xmgbdbiayb)& xmwub cgbu. cgbuba ybad nmadbae}ad jcwnca *cgbu `mahiad nbaix& cgbu {mamabad& eba fbia.fbia)! Cgbu.cgbu iai gmw`jbxibu gmw`jbxibu `mwbx eba gifb ei{b`bi xmngbwbadba eb{bu gmwgbjbyb gbj`ba nmwbh}ai u}g}j& nmn{mw{bwbj {maybìu bub} nmaymgbg`ba nmnbui`ba! 8! Cgbu [xi`cuwc{i`b eba Abw`cui`b

Cgbu.cgbu

omaix

iai

xbnb

emadba

abw`cgb

ybad

eb{bu

nmaing}f`ba `mubdijba emadba xmdbfb `caxm`}maxi! `caxm`}maxi! Cgbu.cgbu iai n}fbi ebwi {mng}bubaayb xbn{bi {mnb`bibaayb eibtbxi emadba `mubu cfmj {mnmwiaubj eba jbayb gcfmj eixmwbj`ba cfmj b{cum` bubx wmxm{ ecùmw! b! [xi`cuwc{i`b Gmwebxbw`ba *Hca|mauica Ca [xyhjcuwc{ih X}gubahmx)& {xi`cuwc{i`b bebfbj xmn}b gbjba bfbn nb}{}a xiaumxix ybad eb{bu nmaymgbg`ba `mumwdbau}adba& nma}w}a`ba bùi|iubx cub`& nmwbadxbad x}x}aba xbwbl {}xbu& nmaing}f`ba `mfbiaba `mfb`}ba eixmwubi uing}fayb jbf}xiabxi& if}xi& dbadd}ba hbwb gmw{iìw eba {mw}gbjba bfbn {mwbxbba *FM[IA& 2999)! g! Abw`cui`b Abw`cui`b bebfbj bebfbj bu bub} cgbu ybad gmwbxbf gmwbxbf ebwi ubabnba bub} g}`ba ubabnba& gbi` xiaumuix nb}{}a xmni xiaumuix ybad

eb{bu

nmaing}f`ba

{madbw}j

umwumau}

gbdi

ybad

nmadd}ab`ba emadba nmnbx}``baayb `m ebfbn u}g}j nba}xib!

[madbw}j umwxmg}u gmw}{b {mngi}xba& jifbadayb

wbxb xbìu& wbadxbadba xmnbadbu eba jbf}xiabxi ybad nmaymgbg`ba mlm` `mumwdbau}adba gbdi {mnb`biayb! Nbhbn.nbhbn abw`cui`b ? b! C{ice #C{ibu Gbjba.gbjba *c{ice) ybad xmwiad eixbfbjd}ab`ba bebfbj *Ncwlia)& Jmwcia *{}ubt)& *Hcemia)& *Emnmwcf {mujieiab) eba *Nmujbecam)! g! @c`bia h! Hbaabgix #dbaob 7!5! @cauwcf eba M|bf}bxi

@cauwcf bebfbj `mdibuba ybad gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmadbtbxi xmwbad`biba `mdibuba.`mdibuba ybad xbfiad umwiaumdwbxi!

@cauwcf eifb`}`ba }au}`

nmaobdb `mxubgifba {beb xmg}bj wbad`biba `mdibuba! `mdibuba! [mfb`xbabba `mdibuba `cauwcf eifb`}`ba cfmj xmxmcwbad ybad {cxixi obgbubaayb nmnifiì `mtmabadba }au}` nmfb`}`ba uiaeb`ba `cwm`xi xm{mwui RH *R}bfiuy Hcauwcf)

ybad eigmwi`ba eigmwi`ba ubadd}adobtbg ubadd}adobtbg `j}x}x `j}x}x cfmj xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba

ebfbn nmadbnbui {wcxmx {wce}`xi& nbabomw {mw}xbjbba o}db eb{bu nmfb`}`ba `cauwcf umwjbeb{ gbtbjbaayb }au}` nmaifbi {wmxubxi eba ìamwob {beb {mw}xbjbba! M|bf}bxi bebfbj xmg}bj uiaeb`ba `cwmùil ebwi xmf}w}j wbad`biba `mdibuba `mxmf}w}jba! M|bf}bxi {beb }n}nayb eifb`}`ba xmumfbj xmf}w}j wbad`biba `mdibuba {beb {beb xmg}bj xixumn umfbj xmfmxbi eifb`xbab`ba! M|bf}bxi gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmadmubj}i uiaeb`ba `m`mfiw}ba ybad umwobei {beb xmg}bj wbad`biba `mdibuba }au}` uieb` ei}fbadi `mngbfi {beb {mfb`xbabba wbad`biba `mdibuba xmfbao}uayb! M|bf}bxi ei{in{ia cfmj xmxmcwbad ybad nmnifiì `mnbn{}ba nmadbabfixb eba nmnmwi`xb emadba hmwnbu {beb xmg}bj wbad`biba `mdibuba& xm{mwui nbabomw c{mwbxicabf eba eiwmù}w }ubnb *Xbie& 7;;<)!

7!=!

Jbxif [mamfiuiba Umwebj}f} ybad Wmfm|ba

[beb {wcxmx {may}x}aba x`wi{xi iai eig}u}j`ba gmwgbdbi wmlmwmaxi& xbfbj xbu}ayb {mamfiuiba {mamfiuiba umwebj}f}! [mamfiuiba umwebj}f} umwebj}f} ybad nmaobei wmlmwmaxi wmlmwmaxi bebfbj ybad nmnifiì {mwxbnbba ebfbn {mngbjbxba umnb! [mamfiuiba umwebj}f} ybad umfbj eifb`}`ba eba gmw`biuba emadba m|bf}bxi m|bf}bxi wbaubi {bxc`ba& eixboi`ba {beb Ubgmf 7! Mn{bu {mamfiuiba umwebj}f} nmngbjbx umnb ybad xbnb& ybiu} umaubad wbaubi {bxc`ba! Abn}a {mngbjbxba nbxiad.nbxiad gmwgmeb xbu} xbnb fbia! [mngbjbxba ybad umfbj ei}fbx& baubwb fbia nmadmabi {wce}ùi|iubx NW[& {madbw}j NW[ umwjbeb{ ìamwob eba mliximaxi NW[! Tbfb}{}a {beb {mamfiuiba iai nmnifiì `mxbnbba {beb umnb gbjbxba& abn}a o}db nmnifiì {mngmeb eibaubwb {mamfiuiba xmgmf}nayb! [mamfiuiba iai nmaiui`gmwbu`ba {beb m|bf}bxi NW[ nmfbf}i {maem`buba mlmùi|iubx NW[ nmadd}ab`ba babfixix emx`wi{uil eba `}bauiubuil& emadba nmucem babfixix wmdwmxi fiambw gmwdbaeb! Jbxif b`jiw {mamfiuiba iai bebfbj wm`cnmaebxi eba xcf}xi gmw}{b `mgiob`ba eba xuwbumdi {mamwb{ba NW[ }au}` nmahb{bi {madmngbadba gmw`mfbao}uba *hcauia}c}x in{wc|mnmau) `m{beb fcdixui` WXIOH[! Ubgmf 7! Eblubw jbxif {mamfiuiba umwebj}f} Ac

2

7

8

5

Abnb eba O}e}f Bab Cùiyb *7;;<)& LMN.I[G Babfixix Wbaubi [bxc`ba Umwjbeb{ [wce}ùi|iubx Ei ]@N @mwbni` @fbn{c` Gbaobwamdbwb Iwnbtbui *7;;4)& LMN.I[G [madbw}j Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba Umwjbeb{ @iamwob Ei [U[A \III D}a}ad Nbx Gcdcw Ac|ibaui [ *7;;4)& LBUMUB. I[G Babfixix Mliximaxi Wbaubi [bxc`ba @cnceiubx Gbtbad Nmwbj *Xu}ei @bx}x Ei Gcdcw) Jbai *7;;4)& LBUMUB.I[G Babfixix Wbaubi [bxc`ba G}bj @mfb{b *Xu}ei @bx}x Wbaubi [bxc`ba G}bj @mfb{b)

Jbxif [mamfiuiba Xixumn nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba gmw{madbw}j aybub umwjbeb{ {wce}ùi|iubx ]@N @mwbni` @fbn{c` Gbaobwamdbwb! Ebub eicfbj emadba wmdwmxi *xum{tixm) eba wmdwmxi fcdixui`! Jbxifayb ei{mwcfmj gbjtb jbayb `mwobxbnb ybad gmw{madbw}j aybub umwjbeb{ {wce}ùi|iubx! [mamfiuiba iai nmadd}ab`ba XMN *Xuw}hu}wbf Mr}buica Ncemfiad) }au}` nmad}`}w ìamwob {mw}xbjbba ybad eiem`bui emadba xuwbumdi nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba ebwi baddcub {winmw [mamfiuiba iai nmadbabfixix {madmfcfbba eba mliximaxi wbaubi {bxc`ba `cnceiubx gbtbad nmwbj! [mamfiuiba iai nmadd}ab`ba ncemf *uwbaxxji{nmau) }au}` nmadmubj}i eba nmad}`}w `mc{uinbfba wbaubi {bxc`ba gbtbad! Babfixix {madmfcfbba wbaubi {bxc`ba g}bj `mfb{b umwgbubx emadba babfixix emx`wi{uil }au}` `calid}wbxi obwiadba fcdixui`& {madmaebfiba ia|maucwi eba iaumdwbxi wbaubi {bxc`ba! [mamfiuiba iai nmadd}ab`ba ncemf uwbax{cwubxi& xmjiaddb eibaddb{ eb{bu nmad}wbadi gibyb uwbax{cwubxi!

III! NMUCECFCDI [MAMFIUIBA

8!2! @mwbad`b [mniìwba [mamfiuiba

Gbjba gb`} }ubnb gbdi WX bebfbj xmf}w}j `cn{cama lbwnbxi& ybiu} cgbu.cgbuba! Cgbu.cgbuba nmw}{b`ba `cn{cama lbwnbxi ybad nmaeb{bu {mwjbuiba m`xuwb WX gbi` ebwi n}u} nb}{}a nb}{}a `}bauiubx {mwxmeibbaayb! {mwxmeibbaayb! Xmgbi` b{b{}a ìamwob WX& oi`b uieb` eixmwubi emadba n}u} ybad eigmwi`ba *umwnbx}` ei ebfbnayb n}u} cgbu)& nb`b uieb` nmaeb{bu `m{mwhbybba ebwi `cax}nma! @mum{buba o}nfbj cgbu.cgbuba ybad jbw}x umwxmeib ei WX nmaecwcad nbabomnma WX }au}` nmadmaebfi`ba o}nfbj ybad beb! @mfmgijba {mwxmeibba cgbu nmadbìgbu`ba gibyb {mayin{baba ybad uiaddi eba nmadbìgbu`ba *c{{cwu}aiuy hcxu) bubx ncebf ybad xmjbw}xayb eb{bu eibfc`bxi`ba }au}` ia|mxubxi {beb xmùcw fbia ybad fmgij nmad}au}ad`ba& xmwub gmwnbalbbu! Xmgbfiàyb& oi`b o}nfbj {mwxmeibba cgbu uieb` nmah}`}{i `mg}u}jba& b`ba nmaymgbg`ba umwdbadd}ayb `cauia}iubx {wcxmx {wce}`xi eba c{mwbxi WX! @caeixi emniìba nmnb`xb WX nmadmf}bw`ba gibyb {madbebba cgbu uieb` umwmahbab ybad jbw}x eixmdmwb`ba bub} hiuc! [madbebba cgbu hiuc fmgij nbjbf& xmwub eb{bu nmadbìgbu`ba `}wbad gbiàyb n}u} {mfbybaba WX!

Jbf ybad

emniìba uieb` nma}u}{ `mn}adìaba `mhmtbayb `cax}nma ybad gmwbìgbu uieb` umwobeiayb `}ao}adba }fbad& emadba `bub fbia WX `mjifbadba `cax}nma {cumaxibfayb! X}{{fy Hjbia Nbabdmnmau bebfbj xbu}.xbu}ayb xcf}xi umwiaumdwbxi

fmad`b{ }au}` nmadjbxif`ba aifbi {beb bwmb gixaix ybad {mauiad ebfbn {madmngbadba {wce}`& wmahbab {mngmfiba& nba}lbù}wiad eba {mnma}jba {mnmxbaba#cwemw emadba nmabtbw`ba `me}b xcf}xi ybad gmwgbxix *maumw{wixm) eba `cfbgcwbxi *g}xiamxx.uc.g}xiamxx # G.G)! G.G)!

[mw}xbjbba eb{bu nmng}bu

`mnbn{}ba

nmn}adìa`ba

*iaumffidmahm)

g}buba

ybad

{mw}xbjbba

nmadbtbxi eba umw}x nmaiad`bu`ba {mwlcwnb wbaubi {bxc`ba! Nmahi{ub`ba xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad nma}ng}j`ba `cfbgcwbxi eba nmngmwi`ba |ixigifiubx `mg}u}jba eba {bxc`ba `m{beb niuwb ebdbad

nmw}{b`ba jbf ybad {mauiad }au}` nmad}wbadi gibyb `mxmf}w}jba ebwi wbaubi {bxc`ba& {mfb`xbabba ia|maucwi eba tbù} {mnma}jba {mwniaubba#cwemw! Bdbw {mw}xbjbba eb{bu nmfcn{bu ebwi {mw}xbjbba umwiaumdwbxi `m wbaubi obwiadba {ma}j& {mw}xbjbba jbw}x nmadbec{xi xcf}xi ybad `cfbgcwbuil nmfi{}ui xuwbumdi {madmfcfbba j}g}adba {bxc`ba eba nmabtbw`ba |ixigifiubx *wmbf.uinm) ei xmf}w}j uiad`buba wbaubi {bxc`ba! Xmg}bj {maem`buba in{fmnmaubxi ybad hm{bu eba lfm`xigmf nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba ebwi gmwgbdbi {mw}xbjbba eba `mxmf}w}jba wbaubi {bxc`ba& nmadjbxif`ba ebn{b` eba {madmngbfiba ncebf *wmu}wa ca ia|mxunmau bub} WCI) umwgmxbw aifbi ybad ei{mwcfmj ebwi `mxmf}w}jba wbaubi {bxc`ba nmaobei fmgij gbi`! XHN b`ba nmadjifbad`ba `maebfb }au}` gmw`cn}ai`bxi ei baubwb {mw}xbjbba&

nmamn}`ba

`mxmn{buba

}au}`

{madjmnbuba

emadba

nmadd}ab`ba *g}xiamxx iaumffidmahm) {beb xmuib{ `m{}u}xba ei xmuib{ fbad`bj ebfbn xmg}bj {wcxmx eba nmaymfmxbi`ba {m`mwobba fmgij gbi` eba fmgij hm{bu emadba nmadd}ab`ba nmadd}ab`ba x}ngmw fmgij xmeiìu! Hbwb ybad eb{bu eiumn{}j }au}` nmfb`}`ba m|bf}bxi gmwgbxix `mhmwebxba *iaumffidmahm) bebfbj nmad}{byb`ba gmgmwb{b gmgmwb{b ubjb{ba gmwi`}u gmwi`}u ? 2! Nmadiaumdwbxi`ba wmahbab eba {mfb`xbabbaayb 7! @cfbgcwbxi emadba xmf}w}j niuwb ebdbad 8! Nmwbn{iad`ba {madiwinba dfcgbf 5! Nmaecwcad {maiad`buba ybad umw}x nmamw}x If}xuwbxi einb`x}e eixboi`ba ebfbn Dbngbw 7 eba umw`biu emadba `mwbad`b {mniìwba {mamfiuiba {beb Dbngbw 8!





 



@mhmwebxba *iaumffidmahm) g}buba Dbngbw 7! M|bf}bxi NW[ gmwgbxix `mhmwebxba g}buba *Xbie& 7;;<) @mumwbadba ? B ? Iaumdwbxi {mfb`xbabba wbaubi {bxc`ba G ? @cfbgcwbxi xmf}w}j niuwb ebdbad G2 ? [mnbxc`& G7 ? NW[& G8 ? @cax}nma H ? Nmaymemwj Nmaymemwjbab`ba bab`ba eixuwig}xi E ? [maiad`buba wbaubi {bxc`ba umw}x nmamw}x



@mbebba }n}n WXIOH[ *\ixi Nixi)

[mwba cgbu ei WXIOH[ 2! [mamau} n}u} ìamwob WX 7! [mamau} gbi` bub} uiebàyb nbabomnma& `j}x}xayb nbabomnma fc ix ixui ui` ` WX WX

Aifbi Xuwbumdi`

Xixumn Nbabomnma WXIOH[

Iemauili`bxi wbaubi {bxc`ba

WXIOH[

Xuw}ù}w wbaubi {bxc`ba WXIOH[

Xuwbumdi nbabomnma {mnbxc`

Xuwbumdi j}g}adba emadba {mnbxc` eba *}xmw bub} lbwnbxi)

[madcfbjba eba Babfixix Ebub

Babfixix wbaubi {bxc`ba ? Babfixix emx`wi{uil Ubaddb{ba wmx{caema ? Lwm`}maxi wbubba J}g}adba Mlmùi|iubx NW[? Wmdwmxi gmwdbaeb

Xuwbumdi Wbaubi {bxc`ba WXIOH[

Wm`cnmaebxi eba xcf}xi gmw}{b `mgiob`ba eba xuwbumdi {mamwb{ba NW[ }au}` nmahb{bi {madmngbadba gmw`mfbao}uba *hcauia}c}x in{wc|mnmau)

Dbngbw 8! @mwbad`b {mniìwba {mamfiuiba

2! *X}hhmxi|m iaumw|bf Nmujce) 7! ]oi wmfibgifiubx 8! ]oi \bfieiubx 5! ]oi Acwnbfiubx

8!7!

Fc`bxi eba Tbù} [mamfiuiba

[mamfiuiba eifb`xbab`ba ei WXIOH[ ybad gmwumn{bu ei Ofa Hmn{b`b [}uij Umadbj Ob`bwub [}xbu! [mamfiuiba eigbubxi jbayb {beb ei|ixi {ma}aobad `fiai` gbdiba fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba *cgbu) eba ei|ixi {mfbybaba `fiai` gbdiba fbybaba lbwnbxi! lbwnbxi! [mamfiuiba eifb`}`ba xmfbnb < *mabn) *mabn) g}fba& ybiu} O}ai . Ac{mngmw ein}fbi emadba ubjb{ {mad}n{}fba ebub nmfbf}i cgxmw|bxi& tbtbahbwb emadba gbau}ba `}mxicamw! 8!8!

[mad}n{}fba Ebub

[mamfiuiba iai nmw}{b`ba {mamfiuiba *hwcxx xmhuica& ybiu} xm`}n{}fba ebub ebwi lmacnmab umwumau} ybad eieb{bu ebfbn gmgmwb{b iaumw|bf tbù} umwumau}! [mamfiuiba iai umwnbx}` umwnbx}` `m ebfbn ebfbn wixmu `ca`f}xil.emx`wi{uil! `ca`f}xil.emx`wi{uil! U}o}ba U}o}ba wixmu emx`wi{uil bebfbj nmaddbngbw`ba `bwbùmwixui` xmg}bj {c{}fbxi bub} x}bu} lmacnmab! Nma}w}u Tigixcac *2999) wixmu emx`wi{uil bebfbj wixmu ybad eifb`}`ba }au}` nmaobtbg {mwubaybba umaubad ? xib{b *tjc)& b{b *tjbu)& `b{ba *tjma)& einbab *tjmwm) eba gbdbinbab *jct)! Wixmu emx`wi{uil o}db gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmacfcad ebfbn {madbngifba `m{}u}xba ebfbn nmamau}`ba& nmadm|bf}bxi eba nmnifij bfumwabuil umwgbi` ebfbn {mnmhbjba xmg}bj nbxbfbj *Wbad`}ui& 7;;8)! [beb wixmu iai eid}ab`ba nmucem {mad}n{}fba ebub& ybiu} ? 2! Cgxmw|bxi Cgxmw|bxi bebfbj x}bu} {wcxmx {mahbububa ybad xixumnbuix umwjbeb{ {cfb {mwifb`} cwbad& cgym` eba `mobeiba.`mobeiba uba{b bebayb {mwubaybba eba `cn}ai`bxi

*Tigixcac&

2999)!

Cgxmw|bxi

gmwu}o}ba

bdbw

{mamfiui

nmnbjbni `caeixi ybad xmgmabwayb umwobei {beb cgym`! 7! Tbtbahbwb Tbtbahbwb eifb`}`ba `m{beb {bwb cgym` {mamfiuiba ybad wmfm|ba nmae}`}ad ebub ybad ei{mwf}`ba! @}mxicamw *Fbn{iwba 2) eigmwi`ba `m{beb {mw}xbjbba eba iaxubaxi.iaxubaxi umw`biu ybad nmaobei niuwb WXIO ebfbn {madbebba eba {maeixuwig}xiba cgbu!

8! @}mxicamw @}mxicamw gmwixi {mwubaybba ybad eiu}o}`ba `m{beb baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba *ei|ixi fcdixui` cgbu& ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi& xmwub {mnbxc` cgbu) ybad gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmadiemauili`bxi eba nmadm|bf}bxi j}g}adba baubwb NW[ emadba mlmùi|iubx NW[ ei WXIOH[! WXIOH[! @}mxicamw ybad eid}ab`ba beb beb 7 *e}b) omaix& {mwubnb `}mxicamw emadba omaix {mwubaybba umwg}`b *Fbn{iwba 2)! @}mxicamw umwxmg}u eid}ab`ba xmgbdbi {bae}ba tbtbahbwb emadba nbabomw eba `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` }au}` nmaeb{bu`ba ebub ybad eig}u}j`ba! [mwubaybba ybad eibo}`ba xm{}ubw wbaubi {bxc`ba ei ei|ixi fcdixui` `j}x}xayb nmadmabi fcdixui` cgbu! @}mxicamw `me}b emadba {mwubaybba umwu}u}{ *Fbn{iwba 2) gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmaeb{bu`ba c{iai ebwi wmx{caema ybad umweiwi bubx {mwubaybba.{mwubaybba ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba wbaubi {bxc`ba& xm{mwui {mnbxc`& `cax}nma& xuwbumdi NW[ eba ìamwob fcdixui`! @}mxicamw `me}b eibo}`ba `m{beb baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba *ei|ixi fcdixui` cgbu& {mnbxc`#wm`baba cgbu eba ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi) xmgbayb` 85 wmx{caema! [m}gbj ybad umweb{bu {beb `}mxicamw bebfbj ? mlmùi|iubx *Y)& {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba *Z 2)& fcdixui` *Z7)& {wce}`xi *Z 8)& {mamwinbba eba fbgb *Z5)& gibyb.gibyb *Z=) eba `mwobxbnb *Z<)! X`bfb {mad}`}wba ybad eid}ab`ba }au}` nmaifbi obtbgba wmx{caema bebfbj x`bfb 5 uiad`bu& emadba `mumwbadba {mngmwiba gcgcu gmwi`}u ? Gcgcu 5 > xbadbu xmu}o} Gcgcu 8 > xmu}o} Gcgcu 7 > uieb` xmu}o} Gcgcu 2 > xbadbu uieb` xmu}o} Ebub ybad eid}ab`ba {beb {mamfiuiba iai bebfbj ebub {winmw eba xm`}aemw& gbi` ybad gmwxilbu `}bfiubuil `}bfiubuil eba `}bauiubuil *Ubgmf 8)!

Ebub

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Omaix Ebub Xm`}aemw

Nmucem

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fcdixui` eba fbybaba lbwnbxi

Lbùcw.lbùcw ybad gmwj}g}adba Mlmùi|iubx NW[

[winmw

@}mxicamw

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xixumn

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gmw{madbw}j

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NW[&

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m! Gibyb.gibyb *Z=) Jbf.jbf ybad nmaobei iaei`bucw ybad gmw`mabba emadba {m}gbj gibyb& baubwb fbia jbwdb cgbu gmwxbiad& n}u} cgbu gbi`& eixuwig}ucw ybad nmwmx{ca hm{bu {mw}gbjba {mwniaubba& fcdixui` ybad nmnifiì xixumn ialcwnbxi {madbe}ba eba {madbe}ba `cax}nma xmfmxbi emadba gbi`! l! @mwobxbnb *Z<) Jbf.jbf ybad nmaobei iaei`bucw nmadmabi `mwobxbnb& baubwb fbia gbdbinbab ei|ixi fcdixui` nmaobfia `mwob xbnb emadba {ijb` ebfbn nb}{}a f}bw WXIOH[ WXIOH[ ybad ybad nmnifiì nmnifiì `mumw`biuba!

@mwobxbnb ybad

eiobfia& eibaubwbayb emadba {mnbxc`& WX fbia& baubw xmxbnb baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba& eba `mwobxbnb {beb bùi|iubx nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba! Ubgmf 5! Iaei`bucw ebwi xmuib{ {m}gbj ebfbn `}mxicamw Ac

[m}gbj

2

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Ac `}mxicamw 2 eba 7 8 5 = < 4 : eba 9 2; eba 22 27 28 25 2= eba 2< 24 2: 29 eba 7; 72 eba 77 78 75 7= 7<

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Ac `}mxicamw 74 7: eba 79 8;&82 eba 87 88 eba 85 8= 8< 84 8: 89&5; eba 52 57&58 eba 55 5= 5< 54

Nmucem [madbngifba Hcaucj

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O}nfbj hcaucj

eibngif gmwebxbw`ba {maeb{bu ebwi {mfb`} ybad nmaobei cgym` {mamfiuiba ybad eibaddb{ {b`bw& xm{mwui nbabomw fcdixui`& `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` eba nbabomw fbybaba lbwnbxi! Xmf}w}j xubl ei|ixi fcdixui` gbdiba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba eba nbabomw ybad gmwo}nfbj 9 cwbad nmaobei wmx{caema {mamfiuiba iai!

[mnbxc` ybad eiobei`ba eiobei`ba xmgbdbi xmgbdbi wmx{caema wmx{caema jbayb jbayb 2= {mw}xbjbba

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[madcfbjba

ebub

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xmhbwb

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obtbgba

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eid}ab`ba *nihwcxclu Mzhmf) xmgbdbi bfbu gbau} {mwjiu}adba! Jbxif {mwjiu}adba umweb{bu {beb Fbn{iwba 8! 8!5!7! ]oi Acwnbfiubx Ebub

]oi acwnbfiubx ebub gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmfijbu b{b`bj ebub ybad umwxmeib umwxmgmgbw acwnbf bub} uieb`! Babfixix acwnbfiubx ebub nmadd}ab`ba *xclutbwm) X[XX 28! ]oi acwnbfiubx ebub eifb`}`ba {beb xmuib{ {m}gbj emadba ubjb{ba gmwi`}u ? b! Nbx}``ba ebub {beb *}oi aca {bwbnmuwih umxu) g! Nmad}oi ebub emadba }oi `.xbu} hcaucj h! Nmabn{if`ba dwbli` }au}` nmfijbu dwbli` eixuwig}xi ebub! 8!5!8! ]oi \bfieiubx eba Wmfibgifiubx

@}mxicamw eig}bu }au}` nmadmubj}i ubaddb{ba wmx{cema nmadmabi wbaubi {bxc`ba! Xmgmf}n `}mxicamw eixmgbw `m{beb wmx{caema& umwfmgij ebj}f} eifb`}`ba ubjb{ {mad}oiba `}mxicamw emadba nmfb`}`ba }oi |bfieiubx eba wmfibgiubx! \bfieiubx nma}ao}``ba xmob}jnbab x}bu} bfbu {mad}`}w *iaxuw}nma) iu} nmad}`}w b{b ybad iadia ei}`}w! ]oi |bfieiubx eid}ab`ba }au}` nmadjiu}ad aifbi `cwmfbxi *w) baubwb ebub {beb nbxiad.nbxiad {mwubaybba emadba x`cw ucubf! [mwjiu}adba |bfieiubx nmadd}ab`ba *xclutbwm) X[XX 28! 28!

Fbad`bj.fbad`bj nmahbwi |bfieiubx& |bfieiubx& nma}w}u Wie}tba *7;;4) *7;;4)

bebfbj ? 2! Nmadjiu}ad jbwdb `cwmfbxi xmuib{ g}uiw emadba w}n}x *[mbwxca [wce}hu Ncnmau) bub} [[N ? w jiu}ad > Einbab? wjiu}ad  Zi a Y

a*Ψ ZY ) ∗ *Ψ Z )!*ΨY )

pa!Ψ Z ∗ *Ψ Z ) ~!pa!ΨY ∗ *ΨY )~ 7

7

7

!!………………………!!!!!*7)

7

> @cmlixima `cwmfbxi > O}nfbj x`cw iumn > O}nfbj wmx{caema > x`cw ucubf

7! Nmadjiu}ad jbwdb ujiu}ad emadba w}n}x ? u jiu}ad >

w a ∗ 7 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!…………………………………!!*8) 2 ∗ w 7

Einbab? u > Aifbi u jiu}ad w > @cmlixima `cwmfbxi jbxif w jiu}ad a > O}nfbj wmx{caema

8! Nmahbwi u ubgmf {beb  > ;&;= eba e` > a ‘ 7 5! Nmng}bu `m{}u}xba emadba nmngbaeiad`ba u jiu}ad emadba uubgmf! @biebj `m{}u}xbaayb bebfbj ? b! ujiu}ad 1 uubgmf gmwbwui |bfie g! ujiu}ad 6 uubgmf gmwbwui uieb` |bfie! Xmumfbj `}mxicamw eiaybub`ba |bfie *xbjij)& eifb`}`ba ubjb{ {mad}oiba xmfbao}uayb& ybiu} }oi wmfibgifiubx! Wmfibgifiubx bebfbj x}bu} aifbi ybad nma}ao}``ba `caxixumaxi x}bu} aifbi ybad nma}ao}``ba `caxixuma x}bu} bfbu {mad}`}wba ei ebfbn nmad}`}w dmobfb ybad xbnb! ]au}` nmadbabfixix wmfibgifiubx& eid}ab`ba nmucem *Bf{jb Hwcagbhj)! Fbad`bj.fbad`bj nmahbwi aifbi wmfibgifiubx emadba nmucem *bf{jb & nma}w}u Wie}tba hwcagbhj) & Wie}tba *7;;4) bebfbj bebfbj ?

2! Nmadjiu}ad wbdbn x`cw uib{.uib{ iumn emadba w}n}x ? 7 i

Ψ Z

X i

∗

>

*Ψ Z i )7 A

……………………………………………!!*5)

A

Einbab ? X i > Wbdbn x`cw uib{.uib{ iumn 7  Zi > O}nfbj `}bewbu iumn Zi 7 * Zi) > O}nfbj iumn Zi ei`}bewbu`ba > O}nfbj wmx{caema A

7! Nmao}nfbj`ba wbdbn xmn}b iumn emadba w}n}x ? …………………………………!…………!*=) Xi > X 2 + X 7 + X 8 + !!!X a Einbab? X > O}nfbj wbdbn xmn}b iumn X 2 & X 7 & X 8 & > Wbdbn iumn `m.2&7&8……a

8! Nmadjiu}ad wbdbn ucubf emadba w}n}x ? 7 u

Ψ Z ∗

*Ψ Z u )7 A

………………………………………!…………*<)

X u > Einbab? X u u A > Wbdbn ucubf  Z u u 7 > O}nfbj `}bewbu Z ucubf 7 * Z u u) > O}nfbj Z ucubf ei`}bewbu`ba A > O}nfbj wmx{caema

5! Nmnbx}`ba aifbi *bf{jb) emadba w}n}x ? w 22

>

ΨXi   `    ………………………………………………!*4)  !2 ∗  ` ∗ 2   X u 

Einbab? w 22 22 > Aifbi wmfibgifiubx Xi > O}nfbj wbdbn x`cw uib{.uib{ iumn

X u u > Wbdbn ucubf @ > O}nfbj iumn

[mwjiu}adba wmfibgifiubx nmadd}ab`ba *xclutbwm) X[XX |mwxi 28! 8!5!5!

Babfixix `ca`f}xil.emx`wi{uil

Wixmu `ca`f}xil bebfbj wixmu ybad eiemxbia }au}` nmacfcad {madbngif `m{}u}xba ebfbn nmamau}`ba& nmadm|bf}bxi eba nmnifij bfumwabuil umwgbi` ebfbn nmnmhbj`ba x}bu} nbxbfbj! @bwbùmwixui` wixmu `ca`f}xil bebfbj ialcwnbxi ybad ei{mwd}ab`ba jbw}x omfbx eiiemauili`bxi& {wcxmx {mamfiuibaayb lcwnbf eba umwxuw}ù}w& hcaucj ybad ei{mwd}ab`ba jbw}x nmtbìfi eba babfixix ebub gmwxilbu `}bauiubuil! Wixmu `ca`f}xil `ca`f}xil eb{bu eigmeb`ba eigmeb`ba nmaobei e}b ui{m& ybiu} wixmu emx`wi{uil eba `b}xbf *Abiw& 7;;=)! Wixmu emx`wi{uil bebfbj wixmu ybad gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmaemx`wi{xi`ba xmx}bu}& nmf}ìx`ba lbùb& {c{}fbxi bub} giebad umwumau} xmhbwb lbù}bf eba xixumnbuix nmadmabi nmadmabi lbùb.lbùb lbùb.lbùb eba xilbu.xilbu {c{}fbxi {c{}fbxi umwumau}! Emx`wi{uil eiubaebi emadba ji{cumxix x{mxili`& x{mxili`& eba emxbia umwxuw}ù}w! umwxuw}ù}w! Ebfbn bwui fbia wixmu emx`wi{uil bebfbj {wcxme}w {mnmhbjba nbxbfbj ybad eixmfieiì emadba nmaddbngbw`ba x}gym` bub} cgym` {mamfiuiba *cwbad& fmngbdb& nbxybwb`bu& eba fbia.fbia) {beb xbbu xm`bwbad gmwebxbw`ba lbùb.lbùb ybad ubn{b` bub} xmgbdbinbab bebayb! [beb wixmu emx`wi{uil uieb` {mwf} nmahbwi bub} nmamwbad`ba j}g}adba baubw{m}gbj& nmad}oi ji{cumxb eba nmng}bu wbnbfba! Nmucem {mamfiuiba nmadd}ab`ba ebub xm`}aemw& ebub {winmw *x}w|mi)& {bamf bub} bub} cgxmw|bxi cgxmw|bxi *Xinbncwb& *Xinbncwb& 7;;5)! 7;;5)!

Gmwgbdbi ui{m xubuixui`b xubuixui`b eb{bu

eid}ab`ba }au}` nmn|ix}bfixbxi`ba {mamfiuiba emx`wi{uil& eibaubwbayb xmgbwba.xmgbwba lwm`}maxi& {mn}xbuba& |bwibgifiubx eba j}g}adba& dbngbwba dwbli`bf ebwi ebub *X}`baebww}niei& * X}`baebww}niei& 7;;7)! Fbad`bj.fbad`bj {c`c` {mamfiuiba emx`wi{uil bebfbj ? b! Nmaemliaixi`ba emadba omfbx eba x{mxili` u}o}ba ybad b`ba eihb{bi! Lbùb. lbùb eba xilbu.xilbu b{b`bj ybad jbw}x eiumn}`ba! g! Nmwbahbad hbwb {maem`buba nmfi{}ui ebub b{b`bj ybad ei`}n{}f`ba& nmamau}`ba o}nfbj hcaucj& umài` cgxmw|bxi& eba nmucem {mad}n{}fba ebub! h! Nmad}n{}f`ba ebub ybad ei{mwf}`ba! e! Nmadbabfixix ebub ybad ei{mwcfmj!

m! Nmaddbngbw`ba `mobeiba lbù}bf emadba xubuixui`b ybad umwxmeib! Ubgmf =! Ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ {mwubaybba `}mxicamw B`}n}fbxi Bfumwabuil Obtbgba

X`cw

5

Xbadbu Xmu}o}

8

Xmu}o}

7

Uieb` Xmu}o}

2

Xbadbu Uieb` Xmu}o}

[mwxma *-)

[mwubaybba

X LX O}nfbj X}ngmw ? [}a}o}& 7;;4

G}w}` 

@}wbad gbi` 

Xmebad 

Gbi` ………

Xbadbu gbi` 



Dbngbw 5! [maifbiba gmwebxbw`ba iaumw|bf *[}a}o}& 7;;4) 8!5!=! Babfixix Wmdwmxi

Xmumfbj eifb`}`ba {mad}gbjba ebub ebwi x`bfb cweiabf `m x`bfb iaumw|bf emadba *x}hhmxxi|m iaumw|bf nmujce)& xmfbao}uayb eifb`}`ba emadba nmadmubj}i gbdbinbab {m}gbj umwi`bu *y) eb{bu ei{wmei`xi nmfbf}i {m}gbj gmgbx *z)! D}ab nmadmubj}i jbf umwxmg}u& nb`b eid}ab`ba eid}ab`ba babfixix wmdwmxi xmgbdbinbab eiomfbx`ba cfmj X}dicac *7;;4) gbjtb babfixix wmdwmxi eb{bu eid}ab`ba }au}` nmn}u}x`ba b{b`bj abi` eba u}w}aayb {m}gbj umwi`bu *em{maema) eb{bu eifb`}`ba emadba nmabi``ba bub} nma}w}a`ba `mbebba {m}gbj gmgbx *iaem{maema) eba xmgbfiàyb! Wmdwmxi fiambw bebfbj nmucem xubuixui`b ybad eid}ab`ba }au}` nmngmau}` ncemf j}g}adba baubwb {m}gbj umwi`bu *em{maema Y) emadba xbu} bub} fmgij {m}gbj gmgbx *iaem{maema Z)! B{bgifb gbaybàyb {m}gbj gmgbx jbayb beb xbu}& eixmg}u xmgbdbi wmdwmxi fiambw xmemwjbab& xmebad`ba b{bgifb umweb{bu fmgij ebwi xbu} {m}gbj gmgbx& eixmg}u xmgbdbi wmdwmxi fiambw gmwdbaeb!

Babfixix wmdwmxi xmuieb`.uiebàyb nmnifiì 8 `md}abba *@}waibtba& 7;;:)& ybiu} ? 2! Emx`wi{xi ebwi lmacnmab ebub bub} `bx}x ybad xmebad eiumfiui Wmdwmxi nbn{} nmaemx`wi{xi`ba lmacnmab ebub nmfbf}i umwgmau}àyb x}bu} ncemf j}g}adba ybad gmwxilbuayb a}nmwi`! 7! @cauwcf Wmdwmxi o}db eb{bu eid}ab`ba }au}` nmfb`}`ba {madmaebfiba *`cauwcf) umwjbeb{ x}bu} `bx}x bub} jbf.jbf ybad xmebad eibnbui nmfbf}i {madd}abba ncemf wmdwmxi ybad ei{mwcfmj! 8! [wmei`xi Ncemf wmdwmxi eb{bu einbalbbu`ba }au}` nmfb`}`ba {wmei`xi }au}` {m}gbj umwi`bu! [wmei`xi ei ebfbn `caxm{ wmdwmxi jbayb gcfmj eifb`}`ba eifb`}`ba ei ebfbn wmaubad ebub ebwi {m}gbj.{m}gbj gmgbx ybad eid}ab`ba }au}` nmngmau}` ncemf wmdwmxi wmdwmxi umwxmg}u! Nixbf& x}bu} ncemf wmdwmxi wmdwmxi ei{mwcfmj emadba nmn{mwd}ab`ba ebub {m}gbj gmgbx ybad nmnifiì wmaubad baubwb = . 7=& nb`b {wmei`xi jbayb gcfmj eifb`}`ba gifb x}bu} aifbi ybad eid}ab`ba xmgbdbi ia{}u }au}` {m}gbj Z gmwbeb ei ebfbn wmaubad umwxmg}u! @caxm{ iai eixmg}u xmgbdbi iaumw{cfbxi! Ebub }au}` {m}gbj iaem{maema Z {beb wmdwmxi fiambw nmw}{b`ba ebub {madbnbuba ybad uieb` eiumub{`ba xmgmf}nayb cfmj {mamfiui *cgxmw|buicabf ebub) nb}{}a ebub ybad umfbj eiumub{`ba *ei`cauwcf) cfmj {mamfiui xmgmf}nayb!

[mwgmebbaayb gbjtb nmadd}ab`ba nmadd}ab`ba *lizme ebub)& ebub)& ialcwnbxi

ybad ei{mwcfmj fmgij `}bu ebfbn nmaomfbx`ba j}g}adba {madbw}j baubwb & {m}gbj Z ybad eibnbui {m}gbj Z umwjbeb{ Y! [beb *cgxmw|buicabf *cgxmw|buicabf eb ebub) ub) &

eixmx}bi`ba `mbebba ei fb{badba!

Gibxbayb& *lizme ebub) ei{mwcfmj ebwi ebwi

{mwhcgbba fbgcwbucwi}n eba *cgxmw|buicabf ebub) ybad ei{mwcfmj emadba nmadd}ab`ba `}mxicamw! [mwxbnbba wmdwmxi wmdwmxi fiambw xmemwjbab xmemwjbab bebfbj ?

 > b + gZ………………………………………………!!!………………!*:) Einbab ? Y > X}gym` ebfbn {m}gbj em{maema ybad ei{wmei`xi b > Iaumwxm{ bub} jbwdb xmgmxbw Y gifb Z > ; *jbwdb `caxuba)

g > bad`b bwbj bub} `cmlixima wmdwmxi ybad nma}ao}``ba bad`b {maiad`buba gifb g *+) bub}{}a {ma}w}aba gifb g *.) {m}gbj em{maema ybad eiebxbw`ba {beb {m}gbj iaem{maema! Z > Xfc{m bub} x}gym` {beb {m}gbj iaem{maema ybad nmn{}aybi aifbi umwumau}! 2!

Wmdwmxi Fiambw Gmwdbaeb N}fui{fm Wmdwmxxica Wmdwmxxica

[mwxbnbba iai eid}ab`ba }au}` nmad}`}w j}g}adba {mfgbdbi {m}gbj `}bauiubuil& ei nbab xbu} {m}gbj umwi`bu *em{maemau) eba xmfmgijayb fbdi bebfbj bebfbj {m}gbj.{m}gbj {m}gbj.{m}gbj gmgbx *iaem{maemau)!

Lcwn}fb

ybad eid}ab`ba bebfbj ? Y > ;+2Z2+7Z7+8Z8……!!…+ .2Z.2+ Z+₦…………………*9) Fbad`bj.fbad`bj ebfbn babfixix wmdwmxi bebfbj ? 2! Nmngmau}` {fcu baubwb {m}gbj umwi`bu emadba nbxiad.nbxiad {m}gbj gmgbx! [mngmau}`ba {fcu bebfbj xmgbdbi {maemum`xiba btbf& b{b`bj wmdwmxi fiambw hchc` gifb eiumwb{`ba bub} uieb`! 7! Nmae}db ncemf wmdwmxi 8! Nmad}oi bx}nxi `fbxi` wmdwmxi Umweb{bu

uidb

nmucem

}n}n

ybad

nmw}{b`ba

{maem`buba

xm`}maxibf }au}` nmamau}`ba {m}gbj gmgbx& ybiu} nmucem {mnifijba *gbh`tbwe& lcwtbwe eba eba xum{tixm)! [beb {mamfiuiba iai iai eid}ab`ba nmucem {mnifijba *gbh`tbwe)& einbab fbad`bj {mwubnb {beb nmucem iai bebfbj nmnbx}``ba xmn}b {m}gbj gmgbx ybad beb `m ebfbn {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi! Xmumfbj iu}& eiaifbi b{b`bj x}bu} {m}gbj iaem{maema fbyb` umub{ gmwbeb ebfbn {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi! [m}gbj iaem{maema ybad `mf}bw ebwi {mwxbnbba uieb` eb{bu nbx}` `m ebfbn {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi umwxmg}u bub} *iwwm|mwxigfm) *Tigixcac& 2999) Ubjb{‘ubjb{ ybad eifb`}`ba bebfbj ? 2! Nmabn{if`ba {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi ybad nmahb`}{ xmf}w}j {m}gbj iaem{maema ybad beb! 7

7! Nmadjiu}ad aifbi w ybad eixmgbg`ba {madjifbadba xmuib{ {m}gbj bub} aifbi }oi L gbdi uib{ {m}gbj iaem{maema ybad ei{mwf}`ba xmgbdbi {m}gbj umwb`jiw ybad nbx}` {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi!

8! Nmngbaeiad`ba aifbi }oi L {bwxibf ybad umwmaebj& ybiu} eigmwi fbad`bj LF& emadba x}bu} aifbi `wiuix ybad umfbj eiumau}`ba& eigmwi emadba fbngbad LH! b! Oi`b LF 6 LH nb`b {m}gbj ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba aifbi L F ei`mf}bw`ba&

fbf}

ìub

jiu}ad

`mngbfi

{mwxbnbba

wmdwmxi

gmwebxbw`ba x}x}aba {m}gbj iaem{maema ybad gbw} eba `mngbfi `m ubjb{ 7! g! Oi`b LF 1 LH& nb`b {mwxbnbba wmdwmxi umwxmg}u |bfie }au}` eibngif! 7!

[mad}oiba @cmlixima Wmdwmxi b! ]oi Xin}fuba Ncemf Wmdwmxi *]oi L)

]oi xin}fuba *`mxmf}w}jba bub} gmwxbnb.xbnb) {beb `caxm{ wmdwmxi fiambw bebfbj {mad}oiba nmadmabi b{b`bj ncemf wmdwmxi ybad eieb{bu`ba gmabw.gmabw eb{bu eiumwinb! ]oi xin}fuba gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmad}oi b{b`bj baubwb {m}gbj.{m}gbj gmgbx Z eba umwi`bu Y& bub} xmuiebùiebàyb baubwb xbfbj xbu} {m}gbj Z emadba {m}gbj umwi`bu Y& gmabw.gmabw umweb{bu j}g}adba fiambw *fiambw wmfbuica)! Ji{cumxix ybad gmwfb`} }au}` {mad}oiba iai bebfbj ? J; ? 2>7 !!!>` >; >; J2 ? Uieb` xmn}b i>; i > 2& 7& !!!& ` ` > gbaybàyb {m}gbj gmgbx Z

i > {bwbnmumw *`cmlixima) `m.i ncemf wmdwmxi fiambw [maobgbwba xmhbwb jiu}adba }au}` }oi xin}fuba iai eb{bu eiumn}i {beb ubgmf BAC\B *Babfyxix Cl \bwibahm)! Ei ebfbn ubgmf BAC\B b`ba b`ba eiumn}i aifbi xubuixui`.L *Ljiu}ad)& ybiu} ? oi`b L jiu}ad



Lubgmf

*eg2& eg7)

nb`b umwinb J; eba oi`b Ljiu}ad 1 Lubgmf *eg2& eg7)& nb`b ucfb` J ;! eg2 eba eg7 bebfbj {bwbnmumw.{bwbnmumw Lubgmf & einbab ? eg2 > emwbobu gmgbx 2 > { .2 eg7 > emwbobu gmgbx 7 > a . { {

> gbaybàyb {bwbnmumw *`cmlixima) ncemf wmdwmxi fiambw

> gbaybàyb {m}gbj gmgbx + 2 a > gbaybàyb {madbnbuba B{bgifb J; eiucfb`& nb`b ncemf wmdwmxi ybad ei{mwcfmj eb{bu eid}ab`ba! g! ]oi [bwxibf *]oi u)

]oi {bwxibf eid}ab`ba }au}` nmad}oi b{b`bj xmg}bj {m}gbj gmgbx Z gmabw.gmabw nmngmwi`ba `cauwig}xi umwjbeb{ {m}gbj umwi`bu Y! Ebfbn {mad}oiba iai iadia ei`mubj}i b{b`bj oi`b xmhbwb umw{ixbj& x}bu} {m}gbj Z nbxij nmngmwi`ba `cauwig}xi xmhbwb aybub umwjbeb{ {m}gbj umwi`bu Y! Gbi` iaumwxm{ iaumwxm{ eba `ccmlixima `ccmlixima wmdwmxi `me}bayb nmnifiì * |bf}m) fmgij `mhif ebwi ;&;=! Ji{cumxix }au}` }oi iai bebfbj? J; ?  o > ; eba J 2 ?  o  ; einbab? o > ;& 2& !!!& ` ` > gbaybàyb {m}gbj gmgbx Z

]oi {bwxibf iai nmadd}ab`ba }oi.u& ybiu}? oi`b ujiu}ad  uubgmf *a.{)& nb`b umwinb J; oi`b ujiu}ad 1 uubgmf *a.{)& nb`b ucfb` J ; einbab ? *a.{) > {bwbnmumw uubgmf a > gbaybàyb {madbnbuba { > gbaybàyb {bwbnmumw *`cmlixima) ncemf wmdwmxi fiambw B{bgifb J; eiucfb`& nb`b {m}gbj gmgbx Z umwxmg}u nmnifiì `cauwig}xi aybub umwjbeb{ {m}gbj umwi`bu Y! [mad}oiba xidaili`baxi `cmlixima xmfbia eb{bu nmadd}ab`ba ubgmf& o}db eb{bu eijiu}ad emadba }oi u gmwi`}u ? !

!!!!!!!!!……………………………………………!!!*2;)

7 h! @cmlixima Emumwniabxi * W )

@cmlixima emumwniabxi bebfbj gmxbwayb `mwbdbnba *ialcwnbxi) ei ebfbn {m}gbj Y ybad eb{bu eigmwi`ba cfmj ncemf wmdwmxi ybad 7

7

eieb{bu`ba! Aifbi W gmwìxbw ;.2! B{bgifb aifbi W ei`bfi`ba 2;;-& nb`b jbf iai nma}ao}``ba {mwxmaubxm `mwbdbnba *ialcwnbxi) ei

{m}gbj Y ybad eb{bu eigmwi`ba cfmj ncemf wmdwmxi ybad eieb{bu`ba! 7

Xmnbìa gmxbw aifbi W & xmnbìa gbi` ncemf wmdwmxi ybad ei{mwcfmj! 8! ]oi Bx}nxi @fbxi` Wmdwmxi fiambw

2! Mwwcw bub} Dbfbu nmaymgbw acwnbf emadba wbubba acf eba x}bu} wbdbn *|bwibahm) umwumau}! [ma}fixba nbumnbuix ebwi bx}nxi bx}nxi `me}b iai bebfbj? ₦ q A *;& 7)………………………………………………………!*22) Einbab ? ₦ > dbfbu q > nmaymgbw nmadi`}ui eixuwig}xi A *;& 7) > xmgbwba acwnbf emadba wbub.wbub acf eba wbdbn

7

Xubuixui` }oi ybad {bfiad xmwiad eid}ab`ba }au}` nmad}oi bx}nxi `macwnbfba

dbfbu

emadba

nmadd}ab`ba

@cfncdcwc|.Xniwac|

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7 ₦i 7 ₦o 7 ₦ einbab i& o > 2& !!!!& a0 eba a > gbaybàyb {madbnbuba! Dbfbu xmgmabwayb gmw}{b ebub! Jbayb xbob& xbadbu x}fiu bub} gbj`ba uieb` n}adìa }au}` nmadmubj}i aifbiayb xmhbwb {bxui! Nb`b& ei{mwf}`ba x}bu} {mae}db ebwi ebub dbfbu! Ebub {mae}db ybad {bfiad um{bu bebfbj ebub wmxie}bf! Xmuib{ aifbi ebwi ebub wmxie}bf eijbwb{`ba nmnifiì aifbi wbdbn ybad niwi{! B{bgifb dbfbu nmnifiì wbdbn ybad

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I\! JBXIF EBA [MNGBJBXBA

5!2! Dbngbwba ]n}n [mw}xbjbba

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lbxifiubx wbtbu obfba x{mxibfix eba x}g x{mxibfix emadba lbxifiubx ybad aybnba ei '@fiai` Wb}ejbj'! 5!2!2! \ixi eba Nixi

Ybybxba WXIO nmnifiì |ixi ‖Gmwfbaebx`ba xmnbadbu *Lbxubgir}f `jbiwcu)& WXIO nmaobei {}xbu w}o}`ba ybad nmnifiì }add}fba gmwubwbl iaumwabxicabf }au}` nmadbnbf`ba {mwiaubj BFFBJ *Ubkbtba}’bfbf giwwi tbuubrtb) ebfbn giebad `mxmjbuba„! `mxmjbuba„! \ixi umwxmg}u eie}`}ad emadba emadba nixi ? 2! [mfbybaba `mxmjbuba ybad Ixfbni& {wclmxicabf eba gmwn}u} emadba umub{ {me}fi {beb `b}n *ej}’blb)! [mfbybaba ybad ixfbni bebfbj ? b! Wcggbaiybj ? Gm`mwob x}bu} igbebj& ijxba ebfbn {mfbybaba g! Iaxbaiybj

? [mfbybaba ybad eigmwi`ba nmw}{b`ba `mwbjnbuba gbdi *xub`mjcfemw)

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? [mfbybaba ybad uwbax{bwba eba eiabnix& {wclmxicabf eba gmwn}u} xmx}bi emadba xubaebw {wclmxi eba xubaebw {mfbybaba uba{b hbhbu

7! Nbn{} nmnin{ia {madmngbadba W}nbj Xbìu Ixfbn fbiaayb bwuiayb nbn{} nmnin{ia xmx}bi emadba w}o}`ba ebfbn gmau}` {mfbuijba& xu}ei gbaeiad& nbdbad& `caxmfiad eba *gmahjnbwìad)! Lbfxblbj eba Ncuuc WXIO ? WXIO bebfbj {mwt}o}eba ebwi inba xmgbdbi bnbf

xjbfmj `m{beb BFFBJ XTU eba nmaobei`baayb xmgbdbi xbwbab igbebj! Ncuuc ? Gm`mwob xmgbdbi igbebj eba ijxba ebfbn {mfbybaba! 5!2!7! Xuw}ù}w Cwdbaixbxi

WXIOH[ nmadba}u xu}ù}w cwdbaixbxi dbwix eba xubl& einbab {in{iaba WX *Eiwmù}w }ubnb) eigbau} cfmj {mabxmjbu }au}` nmadbngif `m{}u}xba! Omaix xuw}ù}w dbwix eba xubl xbadbu um{bu eiumwb{`ba& `bwmab WXIOH[ nmw}{b`ba

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cfmj 5 *mn{bu) cwbad Eiwmù}w& ybiu} Eiwmù}w [mfbybaba @fiai`& Eiwmù}w [ma}aobad @fiai`& Eiwmù}w @m}badba& Eiwmù}w XEN *X}ngmw ebyb Nba}xib) eba Giawcj *Giabba Wcjbai)! Eiwmù}w {mfbybaba `fiai` eigbau} giebad `m{mwbtbuba xmwub giebad nmeix eba {wclmxi `mxmjbuba nmadbtbxi Nbabomw *Wb}ejbj)& Nbabomw Wbtbu Obfba& Nbabomw Wbtbu Iab{& Nbabomw [mfbybaba @j}x}x& Nbabomw Fbgcwbucwi}n& Nbabomw Wbeic Eibdacxui` eba Lbwnbxi! Eiwmù}w [ma}aobad @fiai` eigbau} cfmj Nbabomw Dii& Nbabomw Wm`bn Nmei`& Nbabomw [mnmfijbwbba eba @mxmjbuba Fiad`}adba& Nbabomw Fcdixui`& Nbabomw [mfbybaba ]n}n eba [mw`baucwba& xmwub Nbabomw [mnbxbwba! Eiwmù}w @m}badba eigbau} cfmj Nbabomw @m}badba eba Nbabomw B`}aubaxi! Xmebad`ba Eiwmù}w XEN eba Giawcj eigbau} cfmj Nbabomw XEN eba Giawcj! Xmhbwb umw{mwiahi umweb{bu {beb xuw}ù}w cwdbaixbxi WXIOH[ ei Fbn{iwba 5! Ei|ixi fcdixui` ybad gmwbeb ei gbtbj {in{iaba Eiwmù}w [ma}aobad @fiai` ybad nmnifiì l}adxi }ubnb nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi fcdixui`& nmadbu}w fcdixui` }n}n eba ia|mxubxi& xmwub fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! Ei|ixi fcdixui` nmw}{b`ba ei|ixi gbw}& umwgmau}` {beb ubj}a 7;;4! [maeiwiba ei|ixi fcdixui` eiwbxb`ba xbadbu {mwf}& `bwmab xmgmf}nayb {mwba fcdixui` ei{mdbad cfmj ei|ixi lbwnbxi xmhbwb fbadx}ad! Ei|ixi fcdixui` nmnifiì \ixi? ‖Nmaobei`ba fcdixui` xmgbdbi }aiu {mfbybaba {ma}aobad }n}n ei WXIO ybad bnbabj& um{bu eba hm{bu emadba cwimaubxi nbxb em{ba d}ab umwhb{biayb `mg}u}jba eba `m{}bxba *xub`mjcfemw)„! \ixi fcdixui` eie}`}ad cfmj nixi.nixi gmwi`}u ? b! Nmadmngbad`ba XEN fcdixui` xmx}bi `cn{mumaxi g! Nmngmwi`ba {mfbybaba ybad ixfbni& {wclmxicabf eba gmwn}u} h! Nmahi{ub`ba j}g}adba `mniuwbba e! Nmad}ubnb`ba {wiaxi{ `m{mwhbybba eba `mo}o}wba m! Nmadmngbad`ba }ax}w eba {wcxme}w xmx}bi ifn} {madmubj}ba eba umàcfcdi! Xbxbwba N}u} Ei|ixi Fcdixui` bebfbj ? O}nfbj {mwxmeibba gbwbad w}uia xmx}bi {mwxmeibba niainbf wbub.wbub :;-& tbù} `mebubadba gbwbad w}uia 6 4

jbwi `mwob emadba ubwdmu 4; {mwxma& o}nfbj {mwniaubba ybad uieb` umwfbybai ei d}ebad fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba nb`xinbf 2; {mwxma eba fbnb {madia{}uba gmwiub bhbwb {mamwinbba gbwbad uieb` fmgij ebwi 7&= obn xmob` gbwbad eiumwinb! 5!7!

@bwbùmwixui` Wmx{caema

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Wmx{caema ybad nmaobei cgym` {mamfiuiba iai umweiwi 8 {c{}fbxi& ybiu} ei|ixi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba *9 cwbad)& {mnbxc` cgbu *2= cwbad) eba ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi *2; cwbad)! [beb nbxiad.nbxiad {c{}fbxi umweiwi bubx gbdiba ybad gmwbdbn!

[beb ei|ixi ei|ixi fcdixui` umwgbdi bubx

nbabomw& `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& `ccweiabucw d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& {mabadd}ad

obtbg {madbebba& {madbebba& eba {mfb`xbab!

[mnbxc` cgbu jbayb eitbìfi cfmj xbfmxnba ybad ebubad `m WXIOH[! Xmebad`ba ei|ixi lbwnbxi umweiwi bubx nbabomw& `ccweiabucw eba {mfb`xbab! 7! ]xib wmx{caema

]xib wmx{caema ei`mfcn{c``ba nmaobei 5 *mn{bu) gbdiba! Wmx{caema emadba }xib 7; ‘ 8; ubj}a *2; cwbad)& }xib 82 ‘ 5; ubj}a *27 cwbad)& }xib 52 ‘ =; ubj}a *9 cwbad) eba }xib ei bubx =; ubj}a *8 cwbad)! Wmx{caema umwgbayb` {beb {mamfiuiba iai bebfbj }xib 82 ‘ 5; ubj}a! 8! Omaix @mfbnia Wmx{caema

Wmx{caema ebfbn {mamfiuiba iai gmwo}nfbj 85 cwbad! Wmx{caema emadba omaix `mfbnia fbì.fbì *7; cwbad)& xmebad`ba wmx{caema tbaiub *25 cwbad)! Obei& wmx{caema ebfbn {mamfiuiba iai eiecniabxi cfmj fbì.fbì! 5! Uiad`bu [maeiei`ba Wmx{caema

Wmx{caema emadba {maeiei`ba XNB#xmemwbobu *75 cwbad)& {maeiei`ba E8 *8 cwbad)& {maeiei`ba X2 *< cwbad)& E5 *2 cwbad) eba uieb` beb ybad nmnifiì fbubw gmfb`bad {maeiei`ba X7 eba X8! Wmx{caema {bamfiuiba xmgbdiba gmxbw nmnifiì fbubw gmfb`bad {maeiei`ba XNB#xmemwbobu! =! Nbxb @mwob Wmx{caema

Wmx{caema emadba nbxb `mwob `}wbad ebwi 2 ubj}a *2 cwbad)& nbxb `mwob 2‘= ubj}a *< cwbad)& nbxb `mwob =.2; ubj}a *4 cwbad)& nbxb `mwob 2;.2= ubj}a *22 cwbad) eba nbxb `mwob fmgij ebwi 2= ubj}a *: cwbad)! 5!8!

Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Wbaubi {bxc`ba nmam`ba`ba {beb {cfb umw{be} nmaybad`}u {wcxmx bfiwba {wce}` ebwi {mnbxc` jiaddb {beb `cax}nma b`jiw! Ebfbn `caxm{ NW[ iadia ei{mwfijbu`ba gbjtb wbad`biba bùi|iubx baubwb {mnbxc` jiaddb `cax}nma b`jiw bebfbj ebfbn xbu} `mxbu}ba uba{b xm`bu ybad gmxbw!

Nm`baixnm ialcwnbxi baubwb gmwgbdbi `cn{cama umwxmg}u gmwfbadx}ad xmhbwb uwbax{bwba! Emadba emniìba eb{bu ei`bub`ba gbjtb NW[ bebfbj x}bu} `caxm{ ybad nmaybad`}u {cfb {maeixuwig}xiba {wce}`! [cfb iai nmaybad`}u bùi|iubx {maeixuwig}xiba& obetbf {wce}`xi& eba fcdixui`! Gmwi`}u iai bebfbj wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad umwiemauili`bxi ei WXIOH[! 5!8!2! Bfiwba Wbaubi Wbaubi [bxc`ba [bxc`ba

Ncemf wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad umwobei ei WXIOH[ eixboi`ba {beb Dbngbw =!

[mnbxc` Cgbu

Ei|ixi Fcdixui` [mwgm`bfba @mxmjbuba

]aiu Wbtbu Iab{

Ei|ixi Fbybaba Lbwnbxi

Xm`xi [mfbybaba

Xm`xi Xumwifixbxi

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[bxima

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Dbngbw =! Wbaubi {bxc`ba cgbu ei WXIOH[

[wcxmx wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad umweb{bu ei WXIOH[& umweiwi bubx }ax}w {mnbxc`& fcdixui`& eba fbybaba lbwnbxi! [wcxmx wbaubi {bxc`ba ein}fbi {mu}dbx d}ebad nmamau}`ba o}nfbj {mxbaba cgbu! @mn}eiba {wcxmx eifbao}u`ba emadba {mnmxbaba `m {mnbxc`& {madiwinba cgbu cfmj {mnbxc` `m fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& jiaddb {wcxmx eixuwig}xi `m }aiu lbwnbxi! Gmwi`}u wiahiba xmuib{ baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba gmxmwub {mwbaayb ? 2! [mnbxc` cgbu `m{beb ei|ixi fcdixui`

Wbaubi {mwubnb gmwbtbf {mnbxc` nmadiwin cgbu `m d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba fcdixui`! Abn}a& xmgmf}nayb umweb{bu 7 *e}b) `mdibuba {mauiad ybad eifb`}`ba ei|ixi fcdixui`& ybiu} {mamau}ba o}nfbj {mxbaba eba {wcxmx {wcxmx {mnmxbaba cgbu `m{beb `m{beb {mnbxc` cgbu! @mdibuba {mwubnb& ybiu} {mamau}ba o}nfbj {mxbaba cgbu ybad b`ba eiobei`ba x}ngmw {mwxmeibba ei d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! [mamu}ba o}nfbj {mxbaba eifb`}`ba cfmj {mu}dbx d}ebad ybad b`ba

eifb{cw`ba `m {mabadd}ad {mabadd}ad obtbg fcdixui` cgbu! [mamau}ba [mamau}ba omaix cgbu ybad b`ba eid}ab`ba ei iaxubfbxi lbwnbxi WXIOH[ eixmx}bi`ba emadba xubaebwixbxi cgbu ybad umfbj eiumub{`ba cfmj @cnium Lbwnbxi eba Umwb{i *@LU)! @LU nmw}{b`ba {madj}g}ad baubwb *nmeihbf xubll) eba {mfbybaba lbwnbxi ebfbn jbf {madd}abba cgbu }au}` nmahb{bi `mbnbaba eba c{uinbfixbxi {mfbybaba! [beb }n}nayb xubaebwixbxi iai eim|bf}bxi xmuib{ ubj}a }au}` nmnbaub} `mfbahbwba {mnb`biba cgbu! Xubaebwixbxi cgbu iai xbadbu nmngbau} ebfbn {maymeibba `mg}u}jba cgbu! Xmgmf}n {mwmahbabba {madbebba cgbu eig}bu& cgbu. cgbu ybad b`ba eibeb`ba cfmj WX ei`cax}fubxi`ba umwfmgij ebj}f} baubwb {ijb` nbabomnma& b{cum`mw& eba ecùmw nmfbf}i @LU! Xbfbj xbu} u}dbx @LU bebfbj nmng}bu lcwn}fbwi}n cgbu WX bdbw eb{bu nmnb`xinbf`ba {madd}abba cgbu xmhbwb wbxicabf! Lcwn}fbwi}n bub} xubaebwixbxi cgbu& ybiu} eblubw cgbu gb`} ybad ei{b`bi cfmj WX eba ei{ifij xmhbwb wbxicabf& xmwub eifmad`b{i {maomfbxba& xmjiaddb nmn}bu ialcwnbxi cgbu ybad fmad`b{ }au}` {mfbybaba lbwnbxi WX! Lcwn}fbwi}n ei WX eim|bf}bxi xmfbnb 7 *e}b) ubj}a xm`bfi! Abn}a& jiaddb xbbu iai lcwn}fbwi}n ybad umwgmau}` gmf}n c{uinbf {mamwb{baayb! Gmwebxbw`ba xubaebwixbxi xubaebwixbxi cgbu iai& ecùmw nmng}bu nmng}bu wmxm{ ybad nmaobei ebxbw {madbo}ba {madbebba cgbu! [madbebba cgbu eifin{bj`ba `m {mu}dbx d}ebad& `bwmab {mu}dbx d}ebad nmadmubj}i xmhbwb bù}bf {mwxmeibba cgbu ybad umwxmeib! [mu}dbx d}ebad nmfijbu {mwxmeibba cgbu xmhbwb *cafiam) nmfbf}i xixumn ialcwnbxi ybad einifiì WXIOH[! [mamau}ba o}nfbj cgbu ybad ei{mxba gmwebxbw`ba xubaebwixbxi nb`xin}n niain}n ybad umfbj eiumub{`ba! Cgbu ei`mfcn{c``ba nmaobei 7 *e}b) gbdiba& ybiu} *lbxu nc|iad) eba *xfct nc|iad)! Cgbu *lbxu nc|iad) bebfbj bebfbj omaix cgbu ybad eig}u}j`ba gbayb` {bxima& nixbfayb {beb tbgbj umwumau}! M|bf}bxi cgbu emadba `bumdcwi *lbxu nc|iad) eifb`}`ba nb`xinbf 2 *xbu}) {m`ba {m`ba xm`bfi!

Gmwgmeb emadba emadba cgbu ybad umwdcfcad umwdcfcad *lbxu

nc|iad)& cgbu emadba `bumdcwi *xfct nc|iad) eim|bf}bxi nb`xinbf 2 *xbu}) ubj}a xm`bfi! Cgbu ybad umwdcfcad *xfct nc|iad)bebfbj omaix cgbu ybad {mwniaubbaayb {mwniaubbaayb hmaemw}ad xubgif! Xmumfbj {mu}dbx d}ebad nmamau}`ba o}nfbj cgbu ybad b`ba ei{mxba& {madbo}ba {madbebba eixbn{bi`ba `m {mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba! [madbo}ba uieb` b`ba umw{ma}ji oi`b uieb` beb {mwxmu}o}ba ebwi `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba eba nbabomw fcdixui`! Xmumfbj lcwn {mwxmu}o}ba ei|bfiebxi {mwniaubba eb{bu ei{wcxmx `m {mabadd}ad

obtbg {madbebba fcdixui`

{mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! [wcxmx {madbebba cgbu ebwi *}xmw) `m fcdixui` umweb{bu {beb {beb Dbngbw 22!

[beb `maybubbaayb beb ecùmw ybad

nmng}bu wmxm{ cgbu eif}bw ebwi lcwn}fbwi}n WX! [maymgbg ecùmw nmng}bu wmxm{ eif}bw xubaebwixbxi ybad eiumub{`ba& bebfbj? b! @mfmad`b{ba cgbu ybad nbx}` ebfbn xubaebwixbxi gmf}n umwxmeib g! Cgbu ybad ei{mwf}`ba gmf}n nbx}` ebfbn xubaebwixbxi cgbu h! Lbùcw {maem`buba ebwi gbdiba {mnbxbwba {mw}xbjbba cgbu Jbf umwxmg}u ybad xmhbwb }n}n nmadbìgbu`ba umwobeiayb {madbebba cgbu ybad hiuc! Jbf iai umau} xbob xbadbu nmw}di`ba nmw}di`ba WX gbi` ebwi xmdi {mfbybaba nb}{}a `m}badba! Gifb {mwmxm{ba eif}bw xubaebwixbxi umwxmg}u gmw}fbad }au}` cgbu ybad xbnb& iaxubfbxi lbwnbxi b`ba nmng}bu {madbo}ba `m @LU }au}` einbx}``ba `m ebfbn xubaebwixbxi eba eixmeib`ba cfmj fcdixui`! Xmfbnb {wcxmx {madbo}ba eba eixmu}o}i cfmj @LU& cgbu umwxmg}u eixmeib`ba umwfmgij ebj}f} }au}` nmadjiaebwi {mngmfiba cgbu `m b{cum` f}bw! Lcwn {madbo}ba cgbu gbw} umwxmg}u niainbf eixmu}o}i cfmj e}b ecùmw }au}` eb{bu eibo}`ba `m @LU! @mdibuba `me}b bebfbj {mnmxbaba cgbu cfmj {mabadd}ad obtbg fcdixui` cgbu `m{beb {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` {mnbxc` ybad umfbj nmaobei niuwb `mwob WXIOH[! [wcxmx {mnmxbaba eb{bu eifb`}`ba nmfbf}i 7 *e}b) hbwb& ybiu} nmnmxba fbadx}ad nmfbf}i *xbfmxnba) {mw}xbjbba umw`biu bub} nmfbf}i umfm{ca! [mnmxbaba eifb`}`ba 7 *e}b) jbwi

ebfbn xm{m`ba *Xmaia eba @bnix) nmfbf}i eixuwig}ucw ybad ebubad `m WXIOH[! Abn}a oi`b beb cgbu ybad gmwxilbu gmwxilbu *film xb|iad)& nb`b nb`b b`ba eifb`}`ba {mnmxbaba `j}x}x *hiuc) eba {mnmxbaba eb{bu eifb`}`ba xmfbia 7 *e}b) jbwi umwxmg}u nmfbf}i umfm{ca! [madiwinba gbwbad xmfbngbu.fbngbuayb 5 *mn{bu) obn xmumfbj {mnmxbaba! Oi`b cgbu uieb` umwxmeib ei eixuwig}ucw }ubnb& nb`b {mnmxbaba eifb`}`ba `m{beb x}g eixuwig}ucw! Abn}a oi`b cgbu ybad ei{mxba uieb` umwxmeib ei`me}b {mnbxc`& xmebad`ba cgbu umwxmg}u xbadbu eig}u}j`ba& nb`b }{byb ybad eifb`}`ba bebfbj fcdixui` WXIOH[ nmniaub gbau}ba `m{beb fcdixui` ei WXI hbgbad! [wcxmx {mnmxbaba cgbu eb{bu umwfijbu {beb Dbngbw
=)

nmfbf}i

{mabadd}ad

obtbg

d}ebad!

Bdbw

{mamwinbba cgbu gmwobfba emadba umwuig& fcdixui` nmadbu}w obetbf {mamwinbba gbwbad! [mnmxbaba gbwbad {}`}f ;:!;; {bfiad fbngbu eiumwinb {}`}f 27!;; TIG& gbwbad ybad ei{mxba {}`}f 2;!;; TIG {bfiad fbngbu eiumwinb {}`}f 25!;; TIG& eba gbwbad ybad ei{mxba {beb {}`}f 27!;; TIG xmfbngbu.fbngbuayb eiumwinb {}`}f 2
gmwiub bhbwb {mamwinbba

gbwbad uieb` fmgij ebwi 8 *uidb) obn xmob` gbwbad eiumwinb! Jbf

umwxmg}u eifb`}`ba bdbw cgbu ybad nmng}u}j`ba {mabadba hm{bu& xm{mwui |b`xia eb{bu eiubadbai emadba hm{bu bdbw uieb` w}xb`! [mahbububa

xmhbwb

`cn{}umwixbxi

o}db

gmwd}ab

}au}`

nmnmwi`xb `bebf}bwxb cgbu ybad eifb`}`ba xmhbwb `cauia} xmuib{ < g}fba xm`bfi! Oi`b eiumn}`ba cgbu ybad nmaem`bui `bebf}bwxb& cgbu umwxmg}u eb{bu ei`mngbfi`ba `m {mnbxc` emadba `mumau}ba 8 g}fba xmgmf}n ubaddbf `bebf}bwxb! Fcdixui` WXIOH[ gmwjb` nmamau}`ba xmhbwb gmgbx {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` nbab ybad ei{ifij xmgbdbi niuwb `mwob& uieb` beb 2 {mw}xbjbba {}a ybad gm`mwobxbnb emadba WXIOH[ emadba emadba xixumn `cauwb`! `cauwb`! Ebfbn jbf iai {mw}xbjbba {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` cgbu ybad gmwuiaeb` bùil nmfb`}`ba {wcncxi `m{beb {ijb` WXIOH[! [wcncxi ybad eifb`}`ba ebfbn gmwgbdbi gmau}`& {mngmfiba eifb`}`ba xmhbwb `caxiaybxi& {mngmwiba eix`ca }au}` {mngmfiba ebfbn o}nfbj umwumau} eba gmgmwb{b fbybaba {}wab o}bf& xm{mwui wmu}w! Xixumn {mngbybwba ybad gibxb eifb`}`ba bebfbj {mngbybwba u}abi! [wcxmx {mamwinbba cgbu ebwi {mnbxc` `m {mu}dbx d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba umweb{bu {beb Dbngbw 4! 7! Ei|ixi fcdixui`& `m{beb ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi

Wbaubi xmfbao}uayb ein}fbi xmumfbj cgbu eiumwinb ei d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba!

[maeixuwig}xiba cgbu eibu}w cfmj ei|ixi

fcdixui` xmhbwb fbadx}ad! D}ab nmaobdb `mumwuigba ebfbn {wcxmx {maeixuwig}xiba& ei|ixi fcdixui` nmngmwi`ba obetbf {madbo}ba {mwniaubba cgbu! Obetbf {mwniaubba ebwi }aiu lbwnbxi nbx}` `m fcdixui` eig}`b xmuib{ jbwi ybad eigbdi ebfbn 7 *e}b) tbù}& ybiu} {}`}f 22!;; TIG eba 29!;; TIG! Xmfbia iu} jbayb eifbybai }au}` {mwniaubba hiuc ybad gmwxilbu *film xb|iad)! [wcxmx eixuwig}xi cgbu ebwi fcdixui` `m }aiu lbwnbxi umweb{bu {beb Dbngbw :! Abn}a {beb `maybubbaayb& {mwniaubba ebwi ei|ixi lbwnbxi xmwiad `bfi nbx}` ei f}bw obn ybad umfbj eiumau}`ba!

N}fbi

Nmamau}`ba o}nfbj {mxbaba cfmj [mu}dbx d}ebad

Nmamau}`ba xmfm`xi eixuwig}ucw cfmj {mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba

Nmahmub` x}wbu {mxbaba cfmj [mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba

Nmadm|bf}bxi eba |bfiebxi cfmj @mu}b xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

Nmabaebubadba x}wbu {mnmxbaba cfmj nbabomw fcdixui`

Uieb` Nmnmxba `m xbfmxnba#umfm{ca cfmj [mabadd}adobtbg [madbebba

Yb Nmad`caliwnbxi `mumwxmeibba gbwbad cfmj {mabadd}adobtbg [madbebba

Uieb` Umwxmeib

Nmahbwi eixuwig}ucw Fbia }au}` {mnmxbaba cgbu cfmj {mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba

Yb Xmfmxbi

Dbngbw
N}fbi

Nmaymwbj`ba lbù}w#ubaeb umwinb eba gbwbad cfmj `}wiw eixuwig}xi

Nmahchc``ba ebub lbù}w emadba ebub {mxbaba eba gbwbad cfmj {mfb`xbab d}ebad

Xmx}bi

Uieb`

Nmaymu}o}ii eba nmnmwi`xb {mwniaubba

Nmayib{`ba gbwbad& nma}fix {beb `bwu} {mwxmeibba eba xixb d}ebad xmwub nmng}bu xubaebw `mg}u}jba {beb lcwn

Yb

Nmngmwi acncw }w}u gbwbad& |bfiebxi lbù}w& nmadia{}u ebub uwbaxb`xi eba nmahmub` GB[ gbwbad cfmj {mfb`xbab d}ebad

Nmabwi` {mwniaubba ebwi {mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba eba nmadixi xmx}bi emadba xubaebw niainbf eba {mwxmeibba ybad umwxmeib

Nmamwinb Gmwiub Bhbwb [mamwinbba Gbwbad *GB[G) cfmj B`}aubaxi

Nmayin{ba&nmaeixuwig}xi`ba cgbu `m }xmw #}aiu {mfbybaba cfmj {mfb`xbab Yb d}ebad

Xmfmxbi

Dbngbw 4 ! [wcxmx {mamwinbba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

Nmadialcwnbxi`ba `m gbdiba {mfbybaba lbwnbxi oi`b umfbj xmfmxbi eixib{`ba

Nmfb`}`ba xmwbj umwinb gbwbad emadba hbwb eixmg}u`ba xbu} {mwxbu} baubwb {mu}dbx d}ebad emadba {mu}dbx {mfbybaba lbwnbxi

Nmabaebubadbai lcwn {madmf}bwba gbwbad {mw }aiu

Dbngbw : ! [wcxmx eixuwig}xi {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba ebwi fcdixui` `m fbybaba Lbwnbxi

5!8!7! Baddcub Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba nmfi{}ui xmn}b {mw}xbjbba eba cwdbaixbxi ybad gmwj}g}adba emadba {mw}xbjbba }ubnb *lchbf)& gbi` xmhbwb fbadx}ad nb}{}a uieb` fbadx}ad nmfbf}i {mnbxc` *{ciau cl cwidia jiaddb {ciau cl hcax}n{uica)! Gmwebxbw`ba omaixayb& baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba umwgbdi bubx 7 *e}b) `mfcn{c` gmxbw& ybiu} baddcub {winmw *{winbwy nmngmwx) eba baddcub xm`}aemw *xmhcaebwy nmngmwx)!

Baddcub {winmw *[winbwy nmngmwx) bebfbj xmn}b {mw}xbjbba#}aiu gixaix xuwbumdi` ybad gmabw.gmabw nmaobfba`ba bùi|iubx c{mwbxicabf nbabomwibf ebfbn {wcxmx gixaix ybad eiwbahbad }au}` nmadjbxif`ba *c}u{}u) umwumau} gbdi {mfbaddba bub} {bxbw! [beb NW[ ei WXIOH[ ybad umwnbx}` umwnbx}` `m ebfbn baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba {winmw bebfbj ei|ixi fcdixui` x}g }aiu {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba cgbu& {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc`#wm`baba cgbu eba ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi! Baddcub xm`}aemw *xmhcaebwy nmngmwx) bebfbj {mw}xbjbba#}aiu gixaix xuwbumdi` ybad uieb` umwfigbu fbadx}ad ebfbn {wcxmx c{mwbxicabf wbaubi {bxc`ba! [mw}xbjbba#}aiu gixaix jbayb nmaymeib`ba x}ngmw ebyb {madmubj}ba& }uifiubx bub} bxmu.bxmu gbdi baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba {winmw! 2! Baddcub [winmw

b! Ei|ixi Fcdixui` Ei|ixi fcdixui` ei{in{ia cfmj xmcwbad nbabomw emadba 7 *e}b) cwbad `m{bfb xm`xi ybad nmngbtbji x}g }aiu `mwob& ybiu} xm`xi fcdixui` }n}n eba ia|mxubxi& xmwub xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! X}g }aiu fcdixui` }n}n eba ia|mxubxi gmwl}adxi }au}` nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba& {mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi *`mg}u}jba w}uia w}nbj ubaddb& bfbu u}fix `baucw& x}`} hbebad& nbumwibf gbad}aba& fixuwi`& ia|mxubxi bfbu nmeix eba ia|mxubxi bfbu w}nbj ubaddb)! X}g }aiu fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba gmwl}adxi }au}` nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba#{mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi gmgmwb{b fcdixui` *xmeibba lbwnbxi& bf`mx& gbwbad wmbdmaxib& dbx nmeix& gbjba ìnib& gbjba wbeicfcdi eba a}uwixi)! [mamfiuiba eifb`}`ba {beb ei|ixi fcdixui`& x}g }aiu {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba `j}x}x xmeibba lbwnbxi *cgbu)! X}g }aiu iai gmwu}dbx nmaobdb wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad umfbj umwgmau}` bdbw eb{bu umwiaumdwbxi emadba gbi`! @mdibuba ybad eifb`xbab`ba gmw}{b {mnmxbaba cgbu nmfbf}i eixuwig}ucw }ubnb {wce}xma cgbu& {maobdbba {mwxmeibba cgbu ei d}ebad eba xm`bfid}x gmwubadd}adobtbg }au}` nmaeixuwig}xi`ba cgbu `m{beb fbybaba lbwnbxi! Umabdb `mwob ybad gmwu}dbx ei xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba cgbu xmo}nfbj : *emfb{ba) cwbad! Xmfbao}uayb eb{bu eiwiahi bubx `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui`& `ccweiabucw d}ebad eba {mabadd}ad {mfb`xbab!

obtbg {madbebba eba

2)

Nbabomw Fcdixui`

L}adxi

}ubnb

nbabomw

fcdixui`

bebfbj

nmad`ccweiaiw&

nmadmaebfi`ba eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {mfbybaba fcdixui` ybad nmfi{}ui l}adxi {madbebba gbwbad w}uia eba ia|maubwix xmwub {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba }au}` nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba WXIO emadba nmadbh} {beb {mecnba gbwbad#obxb G[J WXIO xmwub wmahbab xuwbumdi` eba {wcdwbn eiwmùcwbu {ma}aobad `fiai`! Nbabomw fcdixui` gmwubadd}adobtbg bubx umwxmeibayb nbx}`ba }au}` {may}x}aba eba m|bf}bxi wmahbab xuwbumdi` eiwmùcwbu {ma}aobad `fiai`& umwfb`xbabayb wmahbab xubwumdi` *wmaxuwb) eiwmùcwbu {ma}aobad `fiai` ybad umw`biu emadba fcdixui`& umwxmeib eba umwobniaayb {mfb`xbabba {wcdwbn `mwob ubj}aba eba umwhb{biayb xbxbwba fcdixui`& umwobniaayb `ccweiabxi eba {madmaebfiba ebfbn {mfb`xbabba l}adxi fcdixui` xmx}bi {mecnba {madbebba gbwbad#obxb gbeba {mad}w}x ybybxba WXIO& eba umwfb`xbabayb {mngiabba eba {madmngbadba XEN ei gbdiba fcdixui`! 7)

@m{bfb Xm`xi Fcdixui` [mwgm`bfba @mxmjbuba

L}adxi }ubnb `m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` bebfbj nmad`ccweiaiw& nmadbtbxi {mfb`xbabba l}adxi {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba }au}` nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba {mwxmeibba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba ybad nmadbh} {beb {mecnba {madbebba gbwbad#obxb G[J WXIO eba xbxbwba giebad fcdixui` ei xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! @m{bfb xm`xi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba gmwubadd}ad obtbg bubx umwxmeibayb nbx}`ba }au}` nmay}x}a {wcdwbn `mwob ubj}aba gbdiba fcdixui` eba umwhb{biayb xbxbwba gbdiba fcdixui` ebfbn l}adxi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& umwobniaayb `ccweiabxi eba {madbtbxba ebfbn {mfb`xbabba l}adxi fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba xmx}bi xubaebw {mfbybaba `mxmjbuba WX& eba umwobniaayb {mngiabba eba {madmngbadba gbtbjba! 8) @ccweiabucw d}ebad fcdixui` eba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

L}adxi }ubnb `ccweiabucw d}ebad fcdixui` eba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba bebfbj umwxmfmaddbwbayb {madmfcfbba d}ebad {mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi ybad nmfi{}ui {mwmahbabba& {mamwinbba& {madia{}uba ebub `m ebfbn {wcdwbn XNBWU *Xixumn Nbabomnma Beniaixuwbxi

W}nbj Xbìu Umw{be})& {mayin{baba& eixuwig}xi eba beniaixuwbxi ec`}nma {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba! @ccweiabucw d}ebad gmwubadd}adobtbg bubx

{mfb`xbabba

beniaixuwbxi

d}ebad&

{mayin{baba

eba

{maeixuwig}xiba gbwbad& `caeixi gbwbad gbi` xmhbwb n}u} nb}{}a `}bauiubx& `mwb{ijba eba `mgmwxijba w}badba d}ebad! 5) [mfb`xbab D}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

L}adxi }ubnb {mfb`xbab d}ebad bebfbj nmfb`xbab`ba u}dbx {mamwinbba& {mayin{baba eba {maeixuwig}xiba! [mfb`xbab d}ebad gmwubadd}adobtbg

eba

nmaobnia

umwfb`xbabayb

{mamwinbba&

{mayin{baba eba {maeixuwig}xiba emadba gbi` `m xmf}w}j }aiu.}aiu ` mwob umw`biu! =) [mabadd}ad obtbg {madbebba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba!

L}adxi }ubnb {mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba bebfbj umwxmfmaddbwb eba umw{ma}jiayb {madbebba gbwbad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba xmhbwb mlmùil eba mlixima xmx}bi emadba `mg}u}jba! [mabadd}adobtbg {madbebba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& umwnbx}` cgbu. cgbuba gmwubadd}adobtbg bubx umwxmeibayb {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba& jbwdb eba n}u} cgbu! Ei|ixi fcdixui` nmadbfbni gmwgbdbi nbhbn `maebfb ebfbn nmaobfba`ba `mtboigbaayb xmgbdbi {maymeib eba {madbu}w fcdixui` gbdi WX! Jbf iai n}adìa n}adìa umwobei& `bwmab ei|ixi fcdixui` nmw}{b`ba ei|ixi ybad gbw} umwgmau}` {beb ubj}a 7;;4 ei WXIOH[! @maebfb ybad eijbeb{i eb{bu gmw}{b lbxifiubx ybad gmf}n nmae}`}ad {wcxmx {wce}`xi& nixbfayb d}ebad cgbu ybad gmwbeb ei fbaubi 7 *e}b) nmay}fiu`ba ebfbn {wcxmx {maeixuwig}xiba! {maeixuwig}xiba! Emabj d}ebad {mwgm`bfba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba ei WXIOH[ umweb{bu {beb Fbn{iwba =! Xmfbia iu}& `maebfb c{mwbxicabf fbia ybad eijbeb{i ei|ixi fcdixui` ebfbn nmaobfba`ba u}dbx bebfbj `}wbadayb `mwobxbnb baubwb {mnbxc` cgbu emadba fcdixui` WXIOH[& nixbfayb ebfbn jbf {mamwinbba gbwbad {mxbaba ei d}ebad cgbu! Gmf}n c{uinbfayb {mamwb{ba lcwn}fbwi}n ybad o}db nmaobei `maebfb gbdi fcdixui` ebfbn nmaobfba`ba u}dbxayb& xmjiaddb gbayb` cgbu ybad uieb` eid}ab`ba fbdi& `bwmab {mw}gbjba umwxmg}u!

g!

[mnbxc`#wm`baba cgbu [mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` umwgbdi `m ebfbn 7 *e}b) `bumdcwi& eixuwig}ucw }ubnb eba x}g eixuwig}ucw! Eixuwig}ucw }ubnb bebfbj {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` ybad eiu}ao}` fbadx}ad cfmj {wce}xma cgbu! Xmebad`ba x}g eixuwig}ucw bebfbj {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` hbebadba eba g}`ba {mw}xbjbba wmxni ybad eiu}ao}` cfmj {wce}xma {wce}xma cgbu! [mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` {mnbxc` ybad eiobei`ba xmgbdbi niuwb `mwob WXIOH[ bebfbj {mw}xbjbba eixuwig}ucw wmxni eba umwdcfcad eixuwig}ucw }ubnb! Jbf umwxmg}u ei`bwmab`ba WXIOH[ nmadjiaebwi {wce}` ifmdbf bub}{}a {bfx}! Xmf}w}j {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` ybad eiu}ao}` gmwbeb ei tifbybj Ob`bwub! Jbf umwxmg}u }au}` nmadmlixima`ba uwbax{cwubxi eba `mhm{buba ebfbn {madiwinba cgbu oi`b eig}u}j`ba emadba xmdmwb *hiuc)! Xmgbayb` 54 {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` cgbu ybad nbx}` ebfbn eblubw ei|ixi fcdixui` cgbu ybad gm`mwobxbnb emadba WXIOH[! Abn}a uieb` xmn}b eixuwig}ucw eb{bu nmaobei niuwb WXIOH[ WXIOH[ xmhbwb xmhbwb w}uia xmuib{ g}fbaayb! Oi`b eiwbub.wbub`ba ebwi {mngmfiba {mw g}fbaayb& g}fbaayb& jbayb xmìubw 2= {mw}xbjbba ybad nmaobei niuwb WXIOH[ xmuib{ g}fbaayb! Jbf umwxmg}u eb{bu umwobei `bwmab gbayb` lbùcw& }n}nayb `bwmab lbùcw {wcncxi ybad eiubtbw`ba eba `mfmad`b{ba cgbu cgbu ybad umwxmeib!

[mw}xbjbba emadba {wce}` {wce}` ybad xbnb

nmngmwi`ba {mabtbwba gmwgmeb.gmeb& nixbfayb ubtbwba {mngbybwba umn{c& `caxiaybxi& {mngmwiba eix`ca }au}` {mngmfiba {bwubi gmxbw eba {wcnc fbiaayb! Lbùcw fbia ybad nmaymgbg`ba WXIOH[ nmnifij xmg}bj {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc`& `bwmab {mwgbaeiadba jbwdb& {mfbybaba ybad eigmwi`ba eba n}u} {wce}`! WXIOH[ b`ba nmamwinb {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` ybad nmabtbw`ba {mabtbwba umwgbi`! Eblubw {mw}xbjbba [mnbxc` Cgbu ybad nmaobei niuwb `mwob WXIOH[ umweb{bu {beb Fbn{iwba ! Xmf}w}jayb umweiwi bubx eixuwig}ucw }ubnb eba x}g eixuwig}ucw hbebadba! X}g eixuwig}ucw eid}ab`ba& eid}ab`ba& oi`b {beb x}bu} `mobeiba uieb` umweb{bu cgbu ybad ei{mxba {beb eixuwig}ucw }ubnb! Xbbu iai& {mnbxc` ybad nmaobei niuwb `mwob WXIOH[ umfbj nmfbf}i ubjb{ xmfm`xi cfmj gbdiba fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba cgbu! Abn}a eif}bw `maebfi ybad gbi`& gbaybàyb ucfmwbaxi nmaobei xbfbj xbu} jbngbuba ybad nmadbahbn bùi|iubx wbaubi {bxc`ba! Xbfbj xbu} `maebfb ybad eijbeb{i cfmj

WXIH[ ebfbn nmaobfia `mwobxbnb emadba {bwb {mnbxc` cgbu bebfbj `}wbadayb `mwobxbnb {mnbxc` ebfbn nmabbui {mwbu}wba ybad eig}bu& nixbfayb {beb xbbu {madiwinba cgbu `m d}ebad! D}ab nmadbubxi jbf iai& {ijb` fcdixui` nmadmf}bw`ba x}wbu umd}wba `m{beb {bwb {mnbxc` ybad nmfb`}`ba {mfbaddbwba! Uieb` bebayb `cauwcf ybad gbi`& nb`b `mobeiba ybad xbnb eb{bu umw}fbad fbdi! h!

Ei|ixi Fbybaba Lbwnbxi [mfbybaba lbwnbxi nmw}{b`ba {mfbybaba {ma}aobad xm`bfid}x x}ngmw {mnbx}`ba }ubnb *wm|ma}m hmaumw ) gbdi WX! Jbf umwxmg}u nmadiadbu gbjtb fmgij ebwi 9; {mwxma {mfbybaba `mxmjbuba ei WX nmadd}ab`ba {mwgm`bfba lbwnbxi *cgbu.cgbuba& gbjba ìnib& gbjba wbeicfcdi& gbjba bfbu `mxmjbuba& bfbu `mecùmwba eba dbx nmei`)! Oi`b nbxbfbj {mwgm`bfba lbwnbxi uieb` ei`mfcfb xmhbwb hmwnbu eba {ma}j ubadd}adobtbg& nb`b eb{bu ei{wmei`xi gbjtb {maeb{buba WX b`ba nmadbfbni {ma}w}aba! Bx{m` umw{mauiad ebwi {mfbybaba lbwnbxi bebfbj nmadc{uinbf`ba {madd}abba cgbu& `mbnbaba eba `mmlmùilba {madd}abba cgbu! Nmadiadbu gmxbwayb `cauwig}xi iaxubfbxi lbwnbxi ebfbn `mfbahbwba {mfbybaba eba o}db nmw}{b`ba iaxubfbxi ybad nmngmwi`ba x}ngmw {mnbx}`ba umwgmxbw ei WX& nb`b {mwgm`bfba gbwbad lbwnbxi nmnmwf}`ba x}bu} {madmfcfbba xmhbwb hmwnbu eba {ma}j ubadd}ad obtbg! [beb WXOH[ ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi bebfbj *}xmw) ebwi ei|ixi fcdixui`& `bwmab xmf}w}j {maeixuwig}xiba cgbu eibu}w nmfbf}i ei|ixi iai! Fbybaba lbwnbxi gmwbeb ei gbtbj ubadd}ad obtbg Eiwmù}w [mfbybaba @fiai`& ei{in{ia cfmj nbabomw emadba 7 *e}b) x}g }aiu `mwob gmxbw& ybiu} xm`xi {mfbybaba *}aiu wbtbu iab{& wbtbu obfba eba }n}n) eba xm`xi xumwifixbxi! Fbybaba lbwnbxi nmnifiì umabdb `mwob xmgbayb` <; cwbad {mdbtbi& ybad umweiwi bubx `m{bfb xm`xi {mfbybaba lbwnbxi& `ccweiabucw {mfbybaba eba {mfb`xbab lbwnbxi {mw }aiu `mwob!

7! Baddcub Xm`}aemw

[mw}xbjbba.{mw}xbjbba ybad umwdcfcad baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba xm`}aemw ebfbn xuw}ù}w NW[ WXIOH[ bebfbj bdma.bdma m`x{meixi ybad nmaymtb`ba obxb uwbax{cwubxi& gba`.gba` ybad nmngmwi {iaobnba `m{beb

eixuwig}ucw& {mw}xbjbba n}fuinmeib ybad nmngbau} {wcncxi {wce}`& {mw}xbjbba obxb umfm`cn}ai`bxi ybad nmngbau} nmn{mwfbahbw `mwobxbnb eba {mw}xbjbba fbia ybad u}w}u nmngbau} umwfb`xbabayb {wcxmx wbaubi {bxc`ba cgbu! 5!5! Obwiadba [wcxmx Wbaubi Gixaix

Obwiadba {wcxmx gixaix ybad umwiemauili`bxi ei WXIOH[ bebfbj xmgbdbi ? 2! Nbabdme {wchmxx fia`x

[mw}xbjbba#fmngbdb#ei|ixi ybad eibaddb{ {mauiad cfmj WXIOH[ }au}` nmaobfia `mwobxbnb bebfbj {mnbxc` cgbu xmwub *}xmw bub} ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi eba ecùmw)! Einbab WXIOH[ xmfb`} {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) bub} }ubnb xmhbwb bùil nmadbu}w {wcxmx bdbw {wce}` xbn{bi `m ubadba `cax}nma! [mw}xbjbba#fmngbdb#cwdbaixbxi ybad gm`mwobxbnb emadba WXIOH[ *lchbf) {beb obwiadba iai bebfbj gbdiba ebwi baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba eba {beb Dbngbw 9 eiif}xuwbxi`ba emadba dbwix f}w}x umgbf! 7! Ncaiucwme {wchmxx {wchmxx fia`x

[mw}xbjbba *lchbf) *WXIOH[) uieb` bùil umwfigbu ebfbn `mfcn{c` iai! J}g}adba emadba `mfcn{c` iai umwdcfcad {mauiad& `bwmab gmw`biuba emadba wbaubi {bxc`ba! WXIOH[ jbayb nmaiaob} eba nmadm|bf}bxi xmhbwb gmw`bfb gbdbinbab xmuib{ {wcxmx eixbu}`ba eba xmob}jnbab `mumw`biuba eba `mwobxbnb ebfbn {wcxmx wbaubi {bxc`ba! @mfcn{c` ybad umwdcfcad ebfbn obwiadba iai bebfbj {bxima xmwub {wce}xma cgbu xmgbdbi {may}{fbi cgbu `m {mnbxc` ybad nmaobei niuwb `mwob WXIOH[! @me}b `mfcn{c` umwxmg}u {mauiad ei`mubj}i& `bwmab ebwi `mfcn{c` umwxmg}u eb{bu ei`mubj}i `wmeigifiubx eba n}u} {wce}` xmwub ìamwob `mfcn{c` {beb obwiadba {mwubnb *Nbabdme {wchmxx fia`x)! [beb Dbngbw 9 eiif}xuwbxi`ba emadba dbwix umgbf {}u}x.{}u}x! 8! Acu nbabdme {wchmxx {wchmxx fia`x

[beb obwiadba iai& iai& WXIOH[ xmfb`} xmfb`} {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) uieb` umwfigbu xmhbwb bùil eba uieb` o}db nmaiaob} xmhbwb gmw`bfb xm{mwui {beb obwiadba xmgmf}nayb! [mw}xbjbba *lchbf) *WXIOH[) nmn{mwhbyb`ba baddcub fbia ybad nmadbu}wayb! @mfcn{c` {mw}xbjbba#fmngbdb ybad umwdcfcad

`mfcn{c` iai bebfbj {mw}xbjbba {mnbxc` gbjba gb`} }au}` {wce}xma cgbu! [beb Dbngbw 9 eiif}xuwbxi`ba emadba dbwix ui{ix! fia`x 5! Acanmngmw {wchmxx fia`x

Obwiadba aca nmngmw {wchmxx bebfbj {wcxmx ybad eifbf}i cfmj {mw}xbjbba *lchbf) ebfbn jbf iai WXIOH[& emadba xmfbia baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba! Aca baddcub uieb` umwnbx}` ebfbn xuw}ù}w obwiadba wbaubi {bxc`ba *lchbf) & umub{i {mw}xbjbba aca baddcub umwxmg}u eb{bu eba xmwiad nmngmwi {madbw}j

{beb

{mw}xbjbba

*lchbf)

eba

baddcub.baddcub

fbiaayb!

[mw}xbjbba ybad umwdcfcad `mfcn{c` obwiadba bebfbj {mw}xbjbba obxb uwbax{cwubxi& `cn}ai`bxi& {mwi`fbaba& eba fbia.fbia! [beb Dbngbw 9 eiif}xuwbxi`ba emadba dbwix ui{ix {}u}x.{}u}x! [mnbxc`

[mnbxc`

[mnbxc`

@cax}nma @cax}nma

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x w m i f { { } x f b i u i a I

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x w m n c u x } h a c u 8 w m i U

x w m n } u x c h e a m # x w m n } u x c H

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Dbngbw 9 ! Omaix.omaix obwiadba {wcxmx gixaix *U}addbf& 7;;:)

@mumwbadba ? ? Nbabdme {wchmxx fia`x ? Ncaiucw {wchmxx fia`x ? Acu nbabdme {wchmxx fia`x ? Acanmngmw cl {wchmxx fia`x

Lchbf hcn{bay Nmngmwx#Acanmngmwx cl lchbf hcn{bay

5!=! Jbxif ]oi \bfieiubx& Wmfibgifiubx eba Acwnbfiubx Ebub

]oi |bfieiubx eba wmfibgifiubx nmw}{b`ba xbfbj xbu} ubjb{ ybad eifb`}`ba ebfbn wbad`b {mad}oiba `}mxicamw! @}mxicamw ei}oi `m{beb 8; wmx{caema ybad umweiwi bubx ei|ixi fcdixui` = cwbad& {mnbxc` cgbu 7; cwbad& eba = cwbad ebwi ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi! [mad}oiba `}mxicamw umweiwi bubx }oi |bfieiubx eba }oi

wmfibgifiubx! Jbxif }oi |bfieiubx nma}ao}``ba xmob}jnbab bfbu ebub ybad eiubn{}ad ebfbn `}mxicamw eb{bu nmad}`}w b{b ybad iadia ei}`}w ei}`}w! Xmebad`ba jbxif }oi wmfibgifiubx nma}ao}``ba `caxixumaxi x}bu} {mad}`}w ei ebfbn nmad}`}w dmobfb ybad xbnb! ]oi |bfieiubx eba wmfibgifiubx eifb`}`ba emadba nmadd}ab`ba `cwmfbxi *{wce}hu ncnmau)!

Jbxif ebwi }oi |bfieiubx nma}ao}``ba gbjtb xmuib{

{mwubaybba bebfbj |bfie& `bwmab nmnifiì bad`b wjiu}ad nmfmgiji wubgmf& ybiu} ;&8<2 emadba ubwbl aybub = {mwxma! [mwjiu}adba |bfieiubx eifbn{iw`ba {beb Fbn{iwba
xubaebw ;&
Aifbi *bf{jb hwcagbhj) ybad

ei{mwcfmj {beb xmuib{ {m}gbj umweb{bu {beb Ubgmf 4& ybiu} fmgij gmxbw ebwi aifbi *bf{jb) xubaebw& xmjiaddb `}mxicamw baebf }au}` eid}ab`ba ebfb n {mamfiuiba! Ubgmf 4! ]oi wmfibgifiubx {beb xmuib{ {m}gbj {mwubaybba [m}gbj

G}uiw [mwubaybba <

Bf{jb Hwcagbhj ;&44;

@mumwbadba

Z2 *[mnma}jba @mg}u}jba)

4

;&:<5

Wmfibgmf

Z7 *Fcdixui`)

4

;&487

Wmfibgmf

Z8 *[wce}`xi)

<

;&452

Wmfibgmf

Z5 *[maeb{buba eba Fbgb)

:

;&:=9

Wmfibgmf

Z= *Gibyb.gibyb)

4

;&:28

Wmfibgmf

Z< *@mwobxbnb)

<

;&<4<

Wmfibgmf

Y *Mlmùi|iubx)

Wmfibgmf

]oi acwnbfiubx ebub gmwu}o}ba }au}` nmfijbu b{b`bj ebub ybad eid}ab`ba umfbj umweixuwig}xi xmhbwb xmhbwb acwnbf bub} uieb`! [mad}oiba acwnbfiubx acwnbfiubx ebub eifb`}`ba {beb nbxiad.nbxiad {m}gbj }au}` nmabngbj `mb`}wbuba jbxif ybad ei{mwcfmj! [mwjiu}adba acwnbfiubx ebub nmadd}ab`ba *xclutbwm) X[XX X[XX 28! Ebwi u}o}j {m}gbj ybad eid}ab`ba ebfbn {mamfiuiba iai& xmf}w}jayb nmnifiì ebub ybad nmaymgbw nmaymgbw emadba acwnbf! umweb{bu {beb Fbn{iwba 4!

Jbxif }oi acwnbfiubx ebub ebub

5!
Ubaddb{ba wmx{caema eb{bu ei`mubj}i ebwi {mwubaybba.{mwubaybba ybad eibo}`ba ebfbn `}mxicamw `}mxicamw `m{beb 85 85 wmx{caema! wmx{caema!

[mngbjbxba eifb`}`ba

emadba nmadd}ab`ba babfixix emx`wi{uil emadba nmfijbu `mhmaemw}adba ebwi lwm`}maxi xmuib{ obtbgba obtbgba {mwubaybba! Ubaddb{ba wmx{caema eifijbu ebwi bx{m` mlmùi|iubx& {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba& fcdixui`& {wce}`xi& {mamwinbba eba fbgb& gibyb.gibyb& eba `mwobxbnb! 5!
Ubaddb{ba umaubad {m}gbj mlmùi|iubx eidbngbw`ba cfmj < {mwubaybba *Ubgmf :)! Ebwi jbxif ubaddb{ba xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *<2-) umwjbeb{ mlmùi|iubx nmaobtbg xmu}o}! [mwcfmjba umwxmg}u nma}ao}``ba gbjtb wmx{caema nmadbaddb{ mlmùi|iubx NW[ ei WXIOH[ gbi`!

[mamwb{ba {wiaxi{ mlmùi|iubx mlmùi|iubx iai xbadbu {mwf} `bwmab

nmw}{b`ba `}ahi ebwi `mgmwjbxifba NW[ ebfbn {wcxmx nmahb{bi u}o}ba! Ubgmf :! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ mlmùi|iubx X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 4 72 = 2 85

[mwubaybba Mlmùi|iubx 7 8 5 = 27 28 22 2; 2: 7; 77 77 5 2 8 7 ; ; ; ; 85 85 85 85

B`}n}fbxi < 27 78 ; ; 85

<= 278 2= ; 7;8

87 <2 4 ; 2;;

X}ngmw ? Ebub {winmw eicfbj& 7;;9

5!
Ubgmf 9 nma}ao}``ba gbjtb xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *=:-) nmaobtbg xmu}o} umwjbeb{ umwjbeb{ {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba! Jbf iai nma}ao}``ba gbjtb ei|ixi fcdixui` umfbj nmfb`}`ba l}adxi eba u}dbxayb emadba gbi` eba nbaeiwi xmgbdbi {maymeib fcdixui` {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba xm`bfid}x xmgbdbi {madbu}w eixuwig}xi `m fbybaba lbwnbxi emadba gbi`!

Ubgmf 9! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 : 7< ; ; 85

[mnma}jba @mg}u}jba 7 8 5 = < 27 9 28 2= : 77 2< 29 24 2= ; 9 7 2 22 ; ; ; 2 ; 85 85 85 85 85

B`}n}fbxi

-

4 9 75 2 ; 85

45 289 75 2 78:

82 =: 2;&< ;&5 2;;


5!
Jbxif ubaddb{ba xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *==&<-) umwjbeb{ {m}gbj fcdixui` fcdixui` bebfbj xmu}o}! Ei|ixi fcdixui` umfbj nbn{} nmadbu}w obetbf `mum{buba {wcxmx wbaubi {bxc`ba& eixuwig}xi cgbu xmwub jbf.jbf ybad gmw`biuba emadba fcdixui`!

[beb iaei`bucw fcdixui` iai& uieb` beb

wmx{caema ybad nmaybub`ba xbadbu uieb` xmu}o} {beb {mwubaybba. {mwubaybba ybad eibo}`ba eibo}`ba *Ubgmf 2;)!

Jbf iai nma}ao}``ba gbjtb

iaei`bucw iai gmwobfba emadba gbi`! Ubgmf 2;! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ fcdixui` X`cw 5 8 7 X

2 24 2< 2 85

7 25 2: 7 85

Fcdixui` 5 8 24 4 2< 7= 2 7 85 85

B`}n}fbxi = 4 2= 27 85

< 2= 2: 2 85

-

4 : 7= 2 85

:= 288 7; 78:

8< ==&< :&5 2;;


5!
[beb Ubgmf 22 eb{bu eiubwi` `mxin{}fba gbjtb xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *=:-) *=:-) nmaybub`ba xmu}o}! Jbxif umwxmg}u nmaomfbx`ba nmaomfbx`ba gbjtb wmx{caema nmadbaddb{ {wcxmx {wce}`xi ybad gmwobfba {beb NW[ ei WXIOH[ gmwobfba gbi`! Jbxif x`cw umwxmg}u xbnb emadba {m}gbj {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba& abn}a {beb {m}gbj {wce}`xi fmgij }add}f& `bwmab jbayb <&= {mwxma ybad nmaybub`ba uieb` xmu}o} umwjbeb{ {mwaybubba ybad eibo}`ba!

Ubgmf 22! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ {wce}`xi X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 = 29 2; ; 85

7 28 72 ; ; 85

[wce}`xi 8 5 2< 25 2: 29 ; 2 ; ; 85 85

B`}n}fbxi = 4 75 7 2 85

< 2< 2: ; ; 85

42 229 28 2 7;5

8= =: <&= ;&= 2;;


5!
[m}gbj {mamwinbba eba fbgb *Ubgmf 27) nmw}{b`ba {m}gbj ybad nmnifiì iaei`bucw {bfiad gbayb` *=<-) ebfbn obtbgba xmu}o}! Jbf iai nmadiaei`bxi`ba gbjtb iaei`bucw {mamwinbba eba fbgb {mauiad }au}` ei{mwjbui`ba ebfbn wbad`b nma}o} mlmùi|iubx NW[! Ubgmf 27! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ {mamwinbba eba fbgb X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 2; 29 = ; 85

7 22 7; 8 ; 85

[mamwinbba eba Fbgb 8 5 = < 9 7; 22 2; 2: 25 29 24 4 ; 5 < 2 ; ; 2 85 85 85 85

B`}n}fbxi 4

: 2; 78 2 ; 85

= 78 < ; 85

:< 2=8 87 2 747

87 =< 22&4 ;&8 2;;


5!
Xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *55&=-) nmaybub`ba xmu}o} umwjbeb{ {m}gbj gibyb *Ubgmf 28)! Xmfixij o}nfbj wmx{caema ybad nmaobtbg xbadbu xmu}o} eba xmu}o} xbadbu xmeiìu& abn}a eb{bu eixin{}f`ba gbjtb {m}gbj iai xbadbu gbi` nma}w}u wmx{caema! Ubgmf 28! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ gibyb.gibyb X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 22 24 < ; 85

7 7; 28 2 ; 85

Gibyb.Gibyb 8 5 = 28 9 77 2= 2< 27 = : ; 2 2 ; 85 85 85


B`}n}fbxi < 28 2: 8 ; 85

4 27 2= 4 ; 85

2;; 2;< 8; 7 879

57&2 55&= 27&< ;&: 2;;

5!
@mwobxbnb

nmw}{b`ba

{m}gbj

umwb`jiw

ebfbn

{mamau}ba

mlmùilayb xmg}bj NW[ *Ubgmf 25)! Xmgbdiba gmxbw wmx{caema *5:&=-) umwjbeb{ `mwobxbnb xmu}o}& `bwmab eibaddb{ {mauiad cfmj wmx{caema! Ubgmf 25! Jbxif ubaddb{ba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ `mwobxbnb X`cw 5 8 7 2 X

2 2= 29 ; ; 85

7 28 7; 2 ; 85

@mwobxbnb 8 5 2: 25 25 24 7 8 ; ; 85 85

= 7; 28 2 ; 85

< 4 2< 2; 2 85

B`}n}fbxi :4 99 24 2 7;5

58 5:&= : ;&= 2;;


Xmhbwb `mxmf}w}jba& ebwi ebub ybad ei{mwcfmj& eb{bu ei`mubj}i n}u} mlmùi|iubx NW[ ei ei WXIH[! WXIH[!

[mad`bumdcwiba umwxmg}u eifb`}`ba gmwebxbw`ba

iaumw|bf gbubxba emadba ubjb{ba gmwi`}u ? 2! Aifbi iaem`x iaem`x niain}n > x`cw niainbf niainbf z o}nfbj {mwubaybba z gbayb` wmx{caema > 2 z 54 z 85 > 2!=9: 7! Aifbi iaem`x nb`xin}n > x`cw nb`xinbf z o}nfbj {mwubaybba z gbayb` wmx{caema > 5 z 54 z 85 >
> aifbi iaem`x nb`xin}n ‘ aifbi iaem`x niain}n > 5!495

5! Obwb` iaumw|bf

> iaumw|bf ? omaobad > 5!495 ? 5 > 2!299

Ebwi {mwjiu}adba {mwjiu}adba b`}n}fbxi ebub `}mxicamw& `}mxicamw& ei{mwcfmj aifbi =!29=!

Jbf iai

nma}ao}``ba gbjtb mlmùi|iubx NW[ ei WXIOH[ umfbj gmwobfba emadba gbi`!

G}w}` 2!=9:

@}wbad gbi` 7!494

Xmebad

8!99<

Gbi`

Xbadbu gbi`

=!29=



=!29= Dbngbw 2=! [maifbiba wmx{caema umwjbeb{ mlmùi|iubx ei WXIOH[

5!4! J}g}adba Baubwb Mlmùi|iubx eba Nbabomnma Wbaubi [bxc`ba 5!4!2! Lbùcw [maecwcad Mlmùi|iubx Wbaubi [bxc`ba

Lbùcw.lbùcw ybad nmaecwcad mlmùilayb xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba& baubwb fbia `mnbn{}ba {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba& ìamwob fcdixui`& {wce}`xi& {maeb{buba eba fbgb& gibyb.gibyb eba `mwobxbnb! b! [mnma}jba @mg}u}jba

[mnma}jba

`mg}u}jba

nmaobei

xbfbj

lbùcw

{mamau}

mlmùilayb xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba! [mnma}jba `mg}u}jba ybad einb`x}e

bebfbj

gbdbinbab

{wcxmx

baddcub

wbaubi

{bxc`ba

nmaymeib`ba gbwbad xbn{bi `m ubadba `cax}nma! @mdibuba.`mdibuba ybad nmfi{}ui `mdibuba {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba& baubwb fbia {mnmxbaba cgbu nmfbf}i {mnbxc`& {maobdbba {mwxmeibba gbwbad xmeibba ei d}ebad& eba {maeixuwig}xiba `m }aiu lbwnbxi xmgbdbi baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad gmwu}dbx nmaeixuwig}xi`ba `m{beb *xub`mjcfemw) WX! Uieb` xmn}b ubjb{ba ebwi {wcxmx {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba gmwobfba emadba fbahbw& beb `bfbayb eiumn}i `maebfb.`maebfb cfmj {bwb baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba! @j}x}xayb {beb {beb ei|ixi fcdixui`& fcdixui`& `bwmab ei|ixi iai ybad nmadbu}w n}fbi ebwi {maymeibba& {maobdbba xmeibba gbwbad jiaddb {maeixuwig}xiba ei ubjb{ {mwubnb! Gbaybàyb cgbu ybad uieb` umwxmeib ebfbn d}ebad eba gmwxilbu nmaebeb`& nmadjbw}x`ba fcdixui` nmaymeib`ba cgbu umwxmg}u emadba hiuc! [mngmfiba cgbu ybad gmwxilbu hiuc xbadbu nmaddbadd} `mfbahbwba {mfbybaba nb}{}a `m}badba WX! Lcwn}fbwi}n ybad gmf}n c{uinbf {mamwb{baayb o}db umw`bebad nmay}fiu`ba fcdixui`

}au}` nmadi`}ui nmadi`}ui xubaebw xubaebw cgbu ybad jbw}x jbw}x eixmeib`ba! eixmeib`ba!

[mwdbauiba

{madd}abba cgbu ybad hm{bu cfmj ecùmw nmaymgbg`ba gbaybàyb {mwxmeibba cgbu ybad uieb` gmwdmwb` ei d}ebad cgbu& ebfbn bwuiba uieb` eieixuwig}xi`ba `mngbfi `m{beb fbybaba lbwnbxi! g! Fcdixui`

@iamwob fcdixui` nmaobei lbùcw {mauiad ebfbn nma}aobad `mfbahbwba wbaubi {bxc`ba! Ebfbn `mdibuba c{mwbxicabf xbadbu eig}u}j`ba ìamwob gmwn}u} emadba `mumwbn{ifba& `mbjfiba eba eixi{fia `mwob ybad uiaddi! B{bgifb umabdb `mwob gmwn}u}& nb`b b`ba nmaiad`bu`ba {wce}ùi|iubx ybad gmwin{fi`bxi {beb nmaiad`buayb mlmùi|iubx `mwob! Jbf.jbf ybad gmw`biuba emadba `mdibuba.`mdibuba fcdixui`& eibaubwbayb `mum{buba {mnmxbaba eba {madiwinba cgbu xmhbwb um{bu tbù}& o}nfbj eba n}u}! @mum{buba {mnmxbaba eba {madiwinba b`ba nmn{madbw}ji {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba *xub`mjcfemw) WX! Xmfbia iu} `mdibuba fbia ybad gmw`biuba emadba ìamwob fcdixui` bebfbj {madbu}wba obetbf ybad um{bu& {mwmahbabba eixuwig}xi `m fbybaba lbwnbxi& eba nmaobfia j}g}adba gbi` emadba {mnbxc`! Xbfbj xbu} `maebfb ybad eijbeb{i ei|ixi fcdixui` bebfbj x}fiuayb nmabngbj umabdb `mwob& `bwmab umw`biu {beb `mgiob`ba ei|ixi XEN! Xbbu iai ei|ixi fcdixui` nmnifiì : *emfb{ba) cwbad umabdb `mwob ybad nmadbu}w eba nmadbtbxi {maeixuwig}xiba cgbu ei WXIOH[& eigbau} `m{bfb xm`xi {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba eba nbabomw fcdixui` xmgbdbi m|bf}bucw ìamwob xmhbwb `cauia}! Fbngbuayb {wcxmx *u}wa c|mw) umabdb `mwob ybad eifb`}`ba& fmgij nmay}fiu`ba {wcxmx {wcxmx wmdmamwixbxi gbdi gbdi ei|ixi fcdixui`! [beb x}bu} `mobeiba `j}x}x& emadba umabdb `mwob ybad einifiì ei|ixi fcdixui` jbw}x eb{bu nmfb`xbab`ba u}dbx eba `mtboigbaayb xmhbwb gmwxbnbba! Jbf ybad {bfiad nmn}adìa`ba bebfbj emadba nmn{m`mwob`ba umabdb `mwob emadba nmabngbj obn `mwob *fmng}w)! [mabngbjba o}nfbj umabdb `mwob xbadbu ei{mwf}`ba {beb ei|ixi fcdixui` d}ab nmaiad`bu`ba mlmùi|iubx ìamwob ei ei|ixi fcdixui`!

h! [wce}`xi

[wce}`xi {beb wbaubi {bxc`ba ei WXIOH[ nmw}{b`ba iaui ebwi `mdibuba fcdixui`! @mdibuba {wce}`xi ybad einb`x}e g}`ba nmadcfbj gbjba nmaubj nmaobei gbjba xmumadbj obei bub}{}a gbjba obei! Abn}a `mdibuba {wce}`xi ei ei|ixi fcdixui` gbdiba {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba nmw}{b`ba jbf ybad uieb` umw{ixbj`ba ebwi {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba! Jbf.jbf ybad gmw`biuba emadba `mdibuba {wce}`xi& baubwb fbia iaumdwbxi NW[& `mfbahbwba xixumn ialcwnbxi ybad gmw{madbw}j {beb NW[& `mumwxmeibba cgbu& ìamwob fcdixui` ybad gmw{madbw}j {beb ebyb xbiad WX& eba `m{mwhbybba baddcub NW[! @mfbahbwba {wce}`xi ybad gbi`& jbw}x eie}`}ad cfmj gmwgbdbi `mdibuba.`mdibuba {mae}`}ad! Umwiaumdwbxiayb NW[ b`ba nmae}`}ad `mdibuba {wce}`xi emadba gbi`! ]au}` iu} ei{mwf}`ba `cn}ai`bxi& `m{mwhbybba& eba `mxmfbwbxba eibaubwb baddcub baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba! {bxc`ba! Xbfbj xbu} hbwb ybad eb{bu eifb`}`ba emadba nmadbeb`ba {mfbuijba gbdi `bwybtba& {maeixi{fiaba g}ebyb `mwob& {mngmwiba ubadd}adobtbg eba tmtmabad }au}` nmabngbj `mbjfiba ìamwob! @mfbahbwba

xixumn

ialcwnbxi

b`ba

nmaobei`ba

NW[

umwiaumdwbxi emadba gbi` eba gmwbìgbu {beb um{buayb `mumwxmeibba cgbu eba `}buayb `m{mwhbybba baubw baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba& xmjiaddb {beb b`jiwayb b`ba emadba n}ebj gmwxbiad emadba WX fbia ebfbn nmaeb{bu`ba {mamwinbba o}db `m{mwhbybba ebwi {bwb *xub`mjcfemw)! e! [maeb{buba eba fbgb

[mamwinbba eba fbgb nmaobei {mauiad ebfbn NW[& `bwmab xmhbwb fbadx}ad nmn{madbw}ji {maeb{buba gbdi WXIOH[! WXIOH[!

Jbf.jbf

ybad nmaobei }`}wba gmw`mabba emadba {maeb{buba eba fbgb& baubwb fbia {mwmahbabba eixuwig}xi ybad um{bu& n}u} cgbu ybad gbi`& `mfcybfba eba `m{}bxba `cax}nma& o}db lfm`xigmfayb fcdixui` umwjbeb{ {mw}gbjba {mwniaubba! Eixuwig}xi um{bu ybad einb`x}e bebfbj eixuwig}xi ybad um{bu tbù}& um{bu n}u} eba um{bu um{bu o}nfbj!

Uieb` umweixuwig}xiayb umweixuwig}xiayb cgbu

emadba gbi` b`ba nmw}xb` xixumn NW[ ybad umfbj umwgmau}`& xmwub

{beb b`jiwayb b`ba gmwbìgbu uieb` {}bxayb {bwb *xub`mjcfemw) WX! N}u} {mfbybaba ybad eigmwi`ba cfmj WXIOH[ b`ba nmaecwcad `mfcybfba eba `m{}bxba *xub`mjcfemw)! *xub`mjcfemw)! Xbfbj xbu} }{byb ybad eb{bu eifb`}`ba cfmj ei|ixi fcdixui` d}ab nmngmwi`ba {mfbybaba ybad gbi` bebfbj nmngmwi`ba cgbu emadba n}u} ybad gbi`& o}db nmamwinb {mw}gbjba {mwniaubba eba {madbe}ba ebwi `cax}nma! m! Gibyb.gibyb

Gibyb.gibyb ybad `mf}bw {beb {wcxmx NW[ nmaobei lbùcw ybad o}db nmn{madbw}ji mlmùi|iubx NW[ nma}w}u Jbniad eba A}wabobn}eeia *7;;4)! *7;;4)! Gibyb.gibyb ybad ei`mf}bw`ba b`ba b`ba nmaobei ucfb` }`}w mlixima bub} uiebàyb xmg}bj xmg}bj {wcxmx eiobfba`ba! Jbf.jbf ybad gmw`mabba emadba {m}gbj gibyb& baubwb fbia jbwdb cgbu gmwxbiad& n}u} cgbu gbi`& eixuwig}ucw ybad

nmwmx{ca hm{bu {mw}gbjba

{mwniaubba& fcdixui` ybad nmnifiì xixumn ialcwnbxi {madbe}ba eba {madbe}ba `cax}nma xmfmxbi emadba gbi`! Jbwdb n}wbj eba n}u} ybad gbi` cgbu ybad eieb{bu`ba fcdixui` ebwi {mnbxc` xmhbwb cucnbuix nmam`ba gibyb ybad ei`mf}bw`ba! Fcdixui` uieb` uieb` {mwf} fbdi }au}` nmaddbaui cgbu cgbu ybad umwxmeib jbayb `bwmab `bwmab nmnifiì n}u} g}w}`! g}w}`! Xmfbia iu}& wmx{ca wmx{ca ybad hm{bu ebwi {mnbxc` umwjbeb{ {mw}gbjba {mwniaubba o}db umwbubxiayb {madbe}ba nbxbfbj nbxbfbj eibaddb{ nmaobei jbf.jbf jbf.jbf ybad eb{bu nmam`ba gibyb! l! @mwobxbnb

@mwobxbnb o}db nmaobei lbùcw {mae}`}ad gbdi mlmùilayb xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba! @mwobxbnb eb{bu eifb`}`ba emadba 7 *e}b) hbwb& ybiu} `mwobxbnb |mwui`bf eba jcwicaubf! @mwobxbnb |mwui`bf umw`biu emadba `mwobxbnb baubw {mw}xbjbba bub} fmngbdb {maeiei`ba eba ialcwnbxi& xmebad`ba `mwobxbnb jcwicaubf bebfbj `mwobxbnb emadba {mnbxc`! {mnbxc`! Hcaucj `mwobxbnb `mwobxbnb |mwui`bf ybad umfbj eifb`}`ba ei|ixi fcdiui` bebfbj `mwobxbnb emadba WX fbia! Xmebad`ba ybad hcaucj `mwobxbnb jcwicaubf& ybiu} `mwobxbnb emadba {mnbxc`& baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba eba nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba!

@mwobxbnb ybad eifb`}`ba ei|ixi fcdixui` nmahb`}{ 7 *e}b) gbdiba `mwobxbnb& `mwobxbnb& ybiu} |mwui`bf eba jcwicaubf! @mwobxbnb |mwui`bf eifb`}`ba emadba WXI hbgbad& ybiu} WXI [caec` @c{i eba WXI Hifiahiad! @mwobxbnb ybad umwobfia xbadbu nmad}au}ad`ba nmad}au}ad`ba gbdi `me}b `me}b gmfbj {ijb`! Xmfbia nmaobei gbjba gbjba {mngbaeiad {beb `bx}x umwumau}& o}db xmgbdbi niuwb ybad y bad xbfiad ucfcad nmacfcad& nixbfayb ebfbn jbf {mnma}jba cgbu cgbu ybad hiuc abn}a uieb` umweb{bu ei {mnbxc` {mnbxc` [beb fiad`}{ ybad fmgij f}bx WXIOH[ umfbj nmfb`}`ba `mwobxbnb |mwui`bf& ybiu} emadba hbwb nmamwinb nbjbxixtb ybad b`ba nmfb`}`ba {mamfiuiba {beb gbdiba.gbdiba ybad beb eba ei{mw`maba`ba ei WXIH[! @mwobxbnb umwxmg}u b`ba nmadjbxif`ba ia{}u gbdi gbdiba ybad nmaobei cgom` {mamfiuiba! @mwobxbnb jcwicaubf eifb`}`ba ei|ixi fcdixui` emadba hbwb nmaobfia `mwobxbnb emadba {mnbxc` eba baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba fbiaayb!

@mwobxbnb umwxmg}u b`ba nmadjbxif`ba `mxm{b`buba eba

`mxm{bjbnba ybad gmwd}ab }au}` nmaobdb `m{wclmxicabfba ìamwob nbxiad.nbxiad gbdiba! 5!4!7! Jbxif Babfixix Wmdwmxi Gmwdbaeb baubwb baubwb Mlmùi|iubx eba NW[

[mad}oiba emadba babfixix wmdwmxi einb`x}e`ba }au}` nmadmubj}i j}g}adba mlmùi|iubx emadba NW[ ybad eitbìfi cfmj {m}gbj {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba& fcdixui`& {wce}`xi& {mamwinbba eba fbgb& gibyb.gibyb eba `mwobxbnb! [madcfbjba ebub nmadd}ab`ba wmdwmxi *gbh`tbwe mfiniabuica) nma}ao}``ba gbjtb {m}gbj ybad nmnifiì j}g}adba aybub emadba mlmùi|iubx bebfbj fcdixui` *Z7)& {wce}`xi *Z 8) eba `mwobxbnb *Z <)! Jbxif }oi L bub} }oi xin}fuba ei{mwcfmj aifbi xidiaili`ba *{.|bf}m) 6 ;&;= ybad ei}`}w ebwi }oi BAC\B *Babfyxix Cl \bwibahm)! ]oi u bub} }oi {bwxibf ei{mwcfmj aifbi { |bf}m 6 ;&;= ybad ei}`}w emadba *hcmllihimaux)!

Xmebad`ba }oi

`cmlixima emumwniabxi ybad eifijbu ebwi aifbi *beo}xume W xr}bwm) ei{mwcfmj xmgmxbw 4;&: {mwxma!

Bwuiayb {m}gbj fcdixui` eba {wce}`xi eb{bu

nmaomfbx`ba mlmùi|iubx 4;&: {mwxma! Ncemf ybad umwgmau}` bebfbj ?

 > 8&=84 + *;&=78 Z7) + *;&<:2 Z8)+*;&545Z<)

[madcfbjba emadba babfixix wmdwmxi *gbh`tbwe mfiniabuica) nmfbf}i }oi `fbxi` wmdwmxi gmwdbaeb *Fbn{iwba : eba 9)& xmgbdbi gmwi`}u 0 b! Ebub gmweixuwig}xi acwnbf g! Dbfbu nmaymgbw acwnbf ybad ei}`}w emadba }oi @cfncdcwc|.Xniwac|& einbab *[.|bf}m) ei{mwcfmj ;&<:< bub} 1 ;&;= h! Wbdbn ebwi dbfbu gmwxilbu jcncdma *jcncx`mebxiuiubx) e! Ncemf umwgmgbx ebwi bx}nxi b}uc`cwmfbxi& ybad eiiaei`bxi`ba ebwi aifbi

*e}wgia tbuxca bub} et) xmgmxbw 2&4:5 m! Ncemf umwgmgbx ebwi bx}nxi n}fui`cfiaimwiubx& eiiaei`bxi`ba emadba aifbi

\IL *\bwibahm Ialfbuica Lbhucw) 6 2;! Jbxif {madcfbjba ebub emadba nmadd}ab`ba wmdwmxi *gbh`tbwe mffiniabuica) ei`mubj}i gbjtb jbayb {m}gbj fcdixui` *Z7)& {wce}`xi *Z 8) eba `mwobxbnb *Z<) ybad nmnifì j}g}adba emadba mlmùi|iubx NW[ ei WXIOH[! Jbf umwxmg}u ei`bwmab`ba `muidb {m}gbj umwxmg}u nmw}{b`ba uiui` `wiuix eba nmw}{b`ba lbùcw x}`xmx mlmùilayb xmg}bj wbaubi {bxc`ba! Xmuib{ g}uiw {mwubaybba ybad umweb{bu {beb `muidb {m}gbj umwxmg}u& xmf}w}jayb nmadbh} {beb `mdibuba c{mwbxicabf ybad {mauiad ebfbn wbad`biba bùi|iubx NW[! [beb {m}gbj fcdixui` *Z 7) jbf.jbf ybad ei{mwjbui`ba bebfbj xmf}w}j `mdibuba ebfbn wbad`b {mnma}jba cgbu ei d}ebad fcdixui`& xm{mwui `mum{buba {madiwinba gbwbad& `mfbahbwba ialcwnbxi eba {mwmahbabba {mwxmeibba eba eixuwig}xi gbwbad! [beb {m}gbj {wce}`xi *Z 8) jbf.jbf ybad ei{mwjbui`ba bebfbj xm{}ubw `mdibuba nmn{wce}`xi& ebfbn jbf iai `biubaayb emadba ìamwob NW[ }au}` nmaeixuwig}xi`ba cgbu `m ei|ixi fbybaba lbwnbxi& `mfbahbwba ialcwnbxi ebwi {mnbxc` o}db umw`biu emadba o}nfbj {mwxmeibba cgbu ybad b`ba nmn{madbw}ji {mwniaubba ebwi ei|ixi ei|ixi fbybaba fbybaba lbwnbxi!

@iamwob NW[ NW[

umwhmwnia ebwi `mdibuba {wce}`xi eba eixuwig}xi ybad gbi` ei{madbw}ji cfmj ìamwob fcdixui`& `mfbahbwba ialcwnbxi ybad b`jiwayb b`ba nmamau}`ba `m{mwhbybba badcub wbaubi {bxc`ba eba {cxixi ebyb xbiad WX!

In{fmnmaubxi {m}gbj `mwobxbnb *Z <) {beb ei|ixi fcdixui` eb{bu eilc`}x`ba {beb `mwobxbnb emadba {mnbxc` eba baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba! @mwobxbnb ybad eigbad}a b`ba gmw{madbw}j {beb `m{mwhbybba ybad b`ba nmamau}`ba n}u} ebwi ìamwob fcdixui`! [mamwb{ba iaei`bucw.iaei`bucw ybad beb {beb {m}gbj

fcdixui`&

{wce}`xi eba `mwobxbnb ei{mwf}`ba {beb xixumn NW[ ei WXIOH[ ybad nmahb`}{ {wcxmx {wcxmx `mdibuba.`mdibuba `mdibuba.`mdibuba {mauiad ybad jbw}x eifb`}`ba! Uieb` jbayb ei fm|mf c{mwbxicabf& abn}a xmhbwb nmaymf}w}j!

[beb ifn}

nbabomnma& ei`mabf emadba NGC *Nbabdmnmau *Nbabdmnmau gy gy Cgomhui|m)! Cgomhui|m)!

NGC

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Oi`b jbf umwxmg}u

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FBN[IWBA

Fbn{iwba 2! @}mxicamw iemauili`bxi wbaubi {bxc`ba B! [bxc`ba Cgbu.cgbuba 2! Gbdbinbab xb}ebwb nmadmubj}i ialcwnbxi umaubad cgbu.cgbuba ybad ei{mwo}bfgmfi`ba 3 b! Nmahbwi ialcwnbxi xmaeiwi g! Nmfbf}i nmeib nbxxb h! Fbiaayb& xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! 7! Gmwb{b `bfi ebfbn xbu} g}fba {mnbxc` cgbu.cgbuba nmaymeib`ba `m d}ebad WX 3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!`bfi !!!!!`bfi 8! Gmwb{b o}nfbj {madiwinba cgbu.cgbuba ebfbn xbu} `bfi {madiwinba 3!!!!!!! 5! Gbdbinbab xixumn {mnmxbaba cgbu.cgbuba WX `m {mnbxc` 3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! =! Gbdbinbab xixumn {madbad`}uba cgbu.cgbuba ebwi {mnbxc` `m WX 3!!!!!!!
Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 2!

G! Fbybaba 2! Lbùcw.lbùcw b{b xbob`bj ybad nmn{madbw}ji fbngbuayb {mngmwiba {mfbybaba cgbu. cgbuba `m{beb {bxima 3 b! @mumwfbngbuba cgbu.cgbuba g! [madd}abba bfbu gbau} {beb {wcxmx {mfbybaba h! @mumwfbngbuba ecùmw& {mwbtbu eba b{cum`mw e! Fbiaayb& xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! 7! B{b }{byb ybad umfbj eifb`}`ba }au}` nmadbubxi nbxbfbj u mwxmg}u 3!!!!!!! 8! Ebwi xmdi n}u} {wce}`& b{b`bj {wce}` ybad eid}ab`ba x}ebj nmnma}ji `miadiaba eba `mg}u}jba {bxima 3 b! Yb g! Uieb`& ebwi xixi }xbjb }au}` nmadbubxiayb!!!!!!!!! nmadbubxiayb!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!! 5! Beb`bj {wcxmx {madbtbxba n}u} umwjbeb{ cgbu.cgbuba ybad nbx}` WX 3 =! Gbdbinbab {wcxmx umwxmg}u umwobei 3 b! Nmadcauwcf xmhbwb fbadx}ad g! Beb gbdiba {madbtbx n}u} ybad nmadcauwcf h! Fbiaayb& xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! xmg}u`ba!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!

5! Omaix cgbu !ybad {bfiad gbayb`#xmwiad ei{mxba 3 Ac Omaix cgbu ybad ei{mxba O}nfbj {mw {mxbaba *}aiu)

=!

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E! @cax}nma 2! Omaix cgbu.cgbuba ybad {bfiad gbayb` eig}u}j`ba {bxima 3 Ac Omaix bfbu `mxmjbuba

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Fbiaa Fbi aa b …… ………! …!

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Mlmùi|iubx

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L}fliffnmau *[mnma}jba @mg}u}jba) Ac 4 : 9 2; 22 27 28

[mwubaybba W}nbj Xbìu nmaobei`ba ei|ixi fcdixui` xmgbdbi gbdiba umwxmaeiwi ebfbn {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba `cax}nma WX [mnma}jba `mg}u}jba cgbu eba bf`mx `cax}nma um{bu tbù} ei{madbw}ji cfmj `mumw`biuba baubw baddcub wbaubi {bxc`ba *eixuwig}ucw#wm`baba& fcdixui` eba }xmw #lbwnbxi)! Fcdixui` xmfbf} nmn{mwjbui`ba eba eb{bu nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba `cax}nma WX emadba um{bu tbù} Fcdixui` nmn{mwcfmj cgbu eba bf`mx ebfbn o}nfbj ybad h}`}{ ebwi eixuwig}ucw #wm`baba O}nfbj cgbu eba bf`mx nmn{madbw}ji `mnbn{}ba fcdixui` nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba `cax}nma WX xmhbwb um{bu tbù}! Fcdixui` nmnifiì xuwbumdi ybad x}ebj um{bu ebfbn nmnma}ji `mg}u}jba `cax}nma WX Fcdixui` nmn{}aybi ebub umwu}fix umaubad {mwniaubba eba {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba cgbu eba bf`mx `cax}nma WX

Fcdixui`x *Fcdixui`) Ac 25 2=

2<

24 2: Ac

[mwubaybba Bfbu uwbax{cwubxi gmw{mwba {mauiad umwjbeb{ `mum{buba {madiwinba cgbu eba bf`mx `m gbdiba fcdixui` WX @mumw`biuba baubw bùi|iubx wbaubi {bxc`ba {mwf} eiuiad`bu`ba }au}` nmaobnia `mum{buba {madiwinba cgbu eba bf`mx ebwi eixwig}ucw#wm`baba `m fcdixui` @mum{buba {madiwinba cgbu eba bf`mx ebwi eixuwig}ucw#wm`baba `m fcdixui` nmn{madbw}ji `mum{buba ebfbn {mnma}jba `mg}u}jba `cax}nma eba {mwxmeibba ei d}ebad cgbu eba bf`mx fcdixui` Fcdixui` umfbj nmnifiì obetbf wbaubi {bxc`ba ybad umub{ {beb xmuib{ eixuwig}ucw#wm`baba cgbu eba bf`mx [mwmahbabba eixuwig}xi cgbu eba bf`mx ebfbn w}nbj xbìu jbayb eifb`}`ba cfmj gbdiba fcdixui` [mwubaybba

Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 2 29 7;

Lwm`}maxi `cn}ai`bxi {beb bùi|iubx nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba fcdixui` gmw{madbw}j umwjbeb{ ìamwob nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba w}nbj xbìu! [mwf} eiuiad`bu`ba lwm`}maxi `cn}ai`bxi baubw xmuib{ bùi|iubx nbabomnma wbaubi {bxc`ba!

[wce}huica *[wce}`xi) Ac 72 77 78 75 7= 7<

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Wm|ma}m bae {wcliu {wcliu *{maeb{buba eba fbgb) Ac 74

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Fbn{iwba 5! Xuw}ù}w cwdbaixbxi WXIOH[

Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 5! Eiwmùcwbu [ma}aobad @fiai` *Eiwmù}w)

Gbdiba Dii *Nbabomw) L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad Dii ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? @cax}fubxi Dii

Gbdiba Wm`bn nmei` *Nba *N babb mw

Gbdiba [mnmfijbwbba eba @mxfiad

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad Wm`bn Nmei` ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? Beniaixuwbxi {maeblubwba

*Nbabomw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad [mnmfijbwbba eba @mxfiad ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ?

Gbdiba Fcdixui` *Nbabomw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmaobnia {madmfcfbba eba {madmngbadba l}adxi.l}adxi {ma}aobad fbadx}ad {mfbybaba `fiai` xmx}bi xbxbwba w}nbj xbìu

Gbdiba [mfbybaba ]n}n eba [mw`baucwba *Nba *N babb mw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi fcdixui` ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? Fcdixui` ]n}n eba

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi [mfbybaba ]n}n eba [mw`baucwba ei w}nbj xbìu&

Gbdiba [mnbxbwba *Nbabomw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi & [mfbybaba [mfbaddba eba [madmngbadba [bxbw ei

Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 5! Eiwmùcwbu [ma}aobad @fiai` *Eiwmù}w)

Gbdiba Wm`bn nmei` *Nba *N babb mw

Gbdiba Dii *Nbabomw) L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad Dii ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? . @cax}fubxi Dii . [maymeibba nb`baba gbdi {bxima

Gbdiba [mnmfijbwbba eba @mxfiad

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad Wm`bn Nmei` ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? . Beniaixuwbxi {maeblubwba eba {mayin{baba ebub {bxima . [madcfbjba ebub eba {may}x}aba fb{cwba

Gbdiba Fcdixui` *Nbabomw

*Nbabomw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi {ma}aobad [mnmfijbwbba eba @mxfiad ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? . [mnmfijbwbba {mwbfbuba nm`bai` eba mfmùwi` . [mnmfijbwbba `mxmjbuba fiad`}adba

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmaobnia {madmfcfbba eba {madmngbadba l}adxi.l}adxi {ma}aobad fbadx}ad {mfbybaba `fiai` xmx}bi xbxbwba w}nbj xbìu

Gbdiba [mfbybaba ]n}n eba [mw`baucwba *Nba *N babb mw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi fcdixui` ei w}nbj xbìu& nmfi{}ui ? . Fcdixui` ]n}n eba Ia|mxubxi . Fcdixui` [mwgm`bfba @mxmjbuba

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi [mfbybaba ]n}n eba [mw`baucwba ei w}nbj xbìu&

Gbdiba [mnbxbwba *Nbabomw

L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb eba nmadmngbad`ba l}adxi & [mfbybaba [mfbaddba eba [madmngbadba [bxbw ei w}nbj xbìu

9 8

Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 5! Gbdiba Fcdixui` *Nbabomw

Xm`xi Fcdixui` ]n}n eba Ia|mxubxi *@b!Xm`xi L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba#{mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi& xm{mwui ?  W}uia W}nbj Ubaddb  Bfbu U}fix @baucw X}`} Hbebad

Xm`xi Fcdixui` [mwgm`bfba @mxmjbuba *@b!Xm`xi L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba#{mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi& xm{mwui ?  Xmeibba Lbwnbxi  Bfbu @mxmjbuba  Gbwbad wmbdmaxib

Fbao}uba Fbn{iwba 5! Gbdiba Fcdixui` *Nbabomw

Xm`xi Fcdixui` ]n}n eba Ia|mxubxi *@b!Xm`xi L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba#{mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi& xm{mwui ?  W}uia W}nbj Ubaddb  Bfbu U}fix @baucw  X}`} Hbebad  Nbumwibf gbad}aba& fixuwi`  Ia|mxubxi Bfbu Nmeix  Ia|mxubxi Bfbu W}nbj Ubaddb

Xm`xi Fcdixui` [mwgm`bfba @mxmjbuba *@b!Xm`xi L}adxi ]ubnb ? Nmadmfcfb `mdibuba {madbebba& {mwxmeibba#{mayin{baba eba eixuwig}xi& xm{mwui ?  Xmeibba Lbwnbxi  Bfbu @mxmjbuba  Gbwbad wmbdmaxib  Dbx Nmeix  Gbjba @inib  Gbjba Wbeicfcdi  A}uwixi

9 5

Fbn{iwba =! Emabj d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

Fbn{iwba =! Emabj d}ebad {mwgm`bfba `mxmjbuba

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2 > Nbabomw Lbwnbxi 7 > [mfb`xbab Beniaixuwbxi 8 > @ccweiabucw [madbebba 5 > @bxim Fcdixui` eba Lbwnbxi = > Fmnbwi Bwxi{ < > @cn{}umw 4 > Liffiad Hbgiamu : > [madmui`ba Nba}bf 9 > Cgbu Obei 2; > Gbjba Gb`} 22 > D}ebad Bwxi{#BU@ 27 > Umn{bu bfbu {mnbabx eba gcucf `cxcad gbxbj 28 > Umn{bu h}hi 25 > Nmob @mwob 2= > Gcucf `cxcad gmwxij

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EVALUASI RANTAI PASOKAN OBAT DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM JAKARTA CEMPAKA PUTIH

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