VKJTFQYJCLC OLQJLK@ GÌBTFX CF GVLSFOLBL Fsiufbl cf Srlalh` Y`ijlb Olfstrïl cf Yjstfols cf Ur`tfiijùk Y`ijlb Cr. Olrgrjftm Klzlrjt I`rtfz Iurs`8 Ur`tfiijùk Y`ijlb y Lsjstfkijl Y`ijlb
Fksly` Bl Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb fk Gultfolbl
Lut`r8 Lugust` Ilrrjbb` Tlbfkzufbl Tlbfkzufbl
Ojrkl Yusfby A`bvjt` ]jtuoub Ilrkê8 7514-<<-<<34=
Gultfolbl, K`vjfoarf cf 15<4
Fksly` Bl Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb fk Gultfolbl
Lut`r8 Lugust` Ilrrjbb` Tlbfkzufbl Tlbfkzufbl J. Jktr`cuiijùk.
Bl Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb pufcf sfr i`ksjcfrlcl i`o` ukl cf bls kfifsjclcfs dukclofktlbfs cf b`s ijuclclk`s y fstì prfsfktf fk oøbtjpbfs d`rols fk b`s pr`ifs`s cf cfslrr`bb` cf bls s`ijfclcfs. Fs k`tlabf quf ouim`s fbfofkt`s cf bls fstruiturls s`ijlbfs, jkibus` cfscf sus d`rols lkifstrlbfs, dufr`k i`kifajc`s prjo`rcjlbofktf plrl trltlr b`s rjfsg`s cf bl s`arf vjvfkijl cjlrjl yl quf cfscf êp`ils rfo`tls mlk fxjstjc` fk b`s m`oarfs, b`s sfktjojfkt`s jkklt`s cf Y`bjclrjclc y Lyucl Outul, lsï i`o` bl jkqujftuc cf fki`ktrlr bl ofh`r d`rol cf b`grlr ukl i`kvjvfkijl muolkl, rfgublcl p`r uk cfrfim` cf hustjijl s`ijlb. JJ. Lkìbjsjs
I`o` pukt` cf plrtjcl sf cjif quf bl sfgurjclc s`ijlb klif alh` b`s prfifpt`s y liij`kfs cf bl lsjstfkijl s`ijlb i`k liij`kfs cf afkfdjifkijl pøabjil, quf sf vjfkf clkc` p`r liij`kfs cf v`buktlrjlc`, k` `abjglt`rjl. Fb i`kifpt` cf sfgurjclc s`ijlb fstì dufrtfofktf bjglc` l Urfvjsjùk Y`ijlb quf k` fs oìs quf b`s ofilkjso`s fopbflc`s p`r bls s`ijfclcfs, grup`s, jkstjtuij`kfs u `tr`s, plrl prfplrlrsf lktf sjtulij`kfs cf rjfsg` ` fvfkt`s s`ijlbfs quf ldfitlk bl ilplijclc cf uk jkcjvjcu` bjojtlkc` cf sus cfstrfzls y mlajbjclcfs, plrl pr`vffrsf y cf b` jkcjspfkslabf plrl suasjstjr. Fxjstfk cjdfrfktfs sjtulij`kfs fk b`s quf i`oøkofktf fb jkcjvjcu` plsl p`r ftlpls quf b` bjojtlk i`o` fkdfrofclc i`oøk, irùkjil, bl vfhfz ` bl oufrtf. Bl pr`tfiijùk s`ijlb fk su oly`rïl fs jopbfofktlcl fk trlalhlc`rfs cf fktjclcfs prjvlcls y fstltlbfs, bl pr`tfiijùk s`ijlb lsfgurl prfvfkjr ` ojkjojzlr rjfsg`s quf pufclk ldfitlr ` jkvlbjclr l b`s trlalhlc`rfs y ojfoar`s dlojbjlrfs cf su iïriub` prjolrj` i`k iblsf fi`kùojil alhl ` jktfrofcjl quf cfpfkcfk fi`kùojilofktf cfb trlalhlc`r, fs cf fktfkcfr quf bl pr`tfiijùk s`ijlb s`b` fs uk fbfofkt` quf i`op`kf bl sfgurjclc s`ijlb, sjk foalrg` fb sfgur` s`ijlb fs fb prjkijplb fbfofkt` cfb iulb sf vlbf plrl iuopbjr b`s i`op`kfktfs cf bl pr`tfiijùk s`ijlb i`o` dukijùk cf lsfgurlr y pr`vffr. Fb sfgur` s`ijlb litulbofktf fk Gultfolbl sf olkfhl l trlvês cf ukl iu`tl `abjglt`rjl p`r plrtf cf b`s trlalhlc`rfs, pltr`kfs y fb Fstlc`, quf oìs lcfblktf iuarf b`s glst`s tlkt` oêcji`s, cf suasjcj` ` pfksj`kfs l b`s lsfgurlc`s lktf sjtulij`kfs prfilrjls. Cjiml iu`tl fstì prfvjstl plrl duturls fvfktulbjclcfs, p`r
b` quf fb djk cf fstl liijùk fs quf fb trlalhlc`r k` sf qufcf fk sjtulijùk cf cfsloplr` tlkt` fi`kùojilofktf i`o` fk lspfit`s cf i`afrturl oêcjil quf ldfitlrl l b`s ojfoar`s cf su dlojbjl. Fb sjstfol cf sfgurjclc s`ijlb dukij`kl alh` irjtfrj`s cf b`s prjkijpj`s cf s`bjclrjclc, yl quf ukl d`rol cf lyucl quf sltjsdlif bls kfifsjclcfs muolkls l olkfrl cf k` cfsloplrlr lb kfifsjtlc`. L pfslr quf bl bl prfvjsjùk prfvjsjùk s`ijlb fs uk uk i`op`kfktf i`op`kfktf cf bl sfgurjclc sfgurjclc s`ijlb, s`ijlb, vlk cf bl olk` uk` cfb `tr` yl quf bl prfvjsjùk s`ijlb pr`iurl lalstfifr cf jksuo`s quf sfrìk utjbjzlc`s drfktf l uk fvfkt` lcvfrs` quf rfgublrofktf sf cl fk pfksj`kfs l trlvês cf uk sfgur` s`ijlb, ojfktrls quf bl sfgurjclc s`ijlb i`ktfopbl ukl sfr cf litjvjclcfs y sfrvjij`s cf lsjstfkijl ofcjil fktrf `tr` i`op`kfktfs i`opbfofktlrj`s plrl bl rfmlajbjtlijùk y rfiupfrlijùk cfb jkcjvjcu`. Litulbofktf Litulbofktf fb rêgjofk cf Yfgurjclc Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb, duf irflc` fk Gultfolbl i`o` i`ksfiufkijl cf uk` cf b`s mfim`s oìs rfbfvlktfs cf bl mjst`rjl y cfdjkjtjv`s plrl fb cfslrr`bb` fi`kùoji` s`ijlb bl Qfv`buijùk cf @ituarf cf <:33, i`o` plrtf cf fstl rfv`buijùk bl sfgurjclc s`ijlb klif l trlvês cf bls rfjvjkcjilij`kfs cfb o`vjojfkt` cf bl iblsf trlalhlc`rl, tfkjfkc` i`o` `ahftjv` quf c`s fbfofkt`s ifktrlbfs quf s`k bl s`bjclrjclc y bl ukjvfrslbjclc, bl s`bjclrjclc pr`iurl bl ilplijclc cf pr`tfiijùk cf liufrc` l bls kfifsjclcfs cf uk jkcjvjcu` y p`r `trl plrtf bl ukjvfrslbjclc jkibuyf t`cls bls plrtfs s`ijlbfs kfifsjclcfs cf pr`tfiijùk. Alh` uk `ahftjv` ifktrlb fb sjstfol cf sfgurjclc s`ijlb sf irfl i`k fb djk cf tfkfr sfrvjij`s cf fdjijfkijl y iuopbjojfkt` cf bls fxjgfkijls cf s`bjclrjclc y ukjvfrslbjclc i`o` ukl fxprfsjùk cf fsdufrz` i`bfitjv` mlijl sus ojfoar`s, fk o`ofkt`s iulkc` fbb`s b` rfqujfrfk. Fk Gultfolbl, bls liij`kfs fk oltfrjl cf sfgurjclc s`ijlb, tlkt` bl plrtf prfvjsj`klb i`o` bl rfblij`klcl i`k bl prfstlijùk cf sfrvjij` cf slbuc, k` s`k rfsp`kslajbjclc cf ukl økjil jkstjtuijùk ` sfit`r. Bls liij`kfs cf prfvjsjùk s`ijlb s`k cfslrr`bblcls dukclofktlbofktf p`r fb Jkstjtut` Gultfolbtfi` cf Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb, ojfktrls quf bls cf slbuc sf fkilrglk prjo`rcjlbofktf fb Ojkjstfrj` cf Ylbuc Uøabjil y Lsjstfkijl Y`ijlb sjk foalrg` fxjstfk `trls jkstjtuij`kfs pøabjils y prjvlcls cf loa`s sfit`rfs quf tloajêk i`lcyuvlk lb `ahftjv` prjo`rcjlb cf bl slbuc. B`s pr`grlols `drfijc`s p`r fb JGYY fk Gultfolbl quf iuarfk i`ktjkgfkijls s`ijlbfs fstìk i`oprfkcjcls fk c`s pjblrfs quf s`k bl pr`tfiijùk y afkfdjij`s fk ils`s quf `iurrlk rjfsg`s bla`rlbfs8 Liijcfktfs cf trlalh` y fkdfrofclcfs irùkjils, oltfrkjclc, jkvlbjcfz, `rdlkclc, fkdfrofclcfs i`oukfs, vfhfz, oufrtf.
JJJ. I`kibusj`kfs <.- Ofcjlktf bl Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb, sf ausil pr`iurlr fb ajfkfstlr cf b`s
ojfoar`s cf bl dlojbjl lktf iulbqujfr lcvfrsjclc quf suifcl cfktr` cfb ìrfl bla`rlb y quf pucf pfrhucjilr cf lbgukl olkfrl l b`s quf sf fkiufktrfk alh` su i`afrturl fi`kùojil. 1.- Litulbofktf bl fxjstfkijl fk Gultfolbl cf uk rêgjofk cf sfgurjclc s`ijlb plrl b`s trlalhlc`rfs, fb ojso` k` iuopbf i`k arjkclr l b`s afkfdjijlrj`s ukl ltfkijùk cf ilbjclc y fdjijfkijl, tlkt` fk bl prfstlijùk cf sus sfrvjij`s cf ilrìitfr oêcji`, i`o` fk bl prfstlijùk cf sfrvjij`s tlbfs i`o` dlrolijl, ` lcojkjstrltjv`s fk fb ils` cf prfstlij`kfs fi`kùojils, bl s`arfp`ablijùk cf sus ldjbjlc`s y fb li`o`clojfkt` cf b`s trlalhlc`rfs pfrhucjil fb aufk dukij`klojfkt` cfb sjstfol. 9.- Fs kfifslrjl y i`kvfkjfktf bl fxtfksjùk cf bl i`afrturl cf b`s pr`grlols cfb Qêgjofk cf Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb, l t`cl bl p`ablijùk gultfolbtfil glrlktjzlkc` quf bl iblsf cfb pr`bftlrjlc` tfkgl liifs` l fst`s sfrvjij`s, yl quf løk fxjstfk tlkt` foprfsls prjvlcls i`o` jkstjtuij`kfs cf fstlc` quf k` iufktlk i`k fstf pr`grlol, plrl p`cfr glrlktjzlr bl ukjvfrslbjclc cf fst`s sjstfols fs kfifslrj` tloajêk mlifr iuopbjr i`k b` fstlabfijc` i`k bl bfgjsblijùk vjgfktf. JT. Ajabj`grldïl
Tlbfkzufbl, L. (1554). Bl Yfgurjclc Y`ijlb fk Gultfolbl. Gultfolbl8 Qfvjstl Bltj`k`lofrjilkl cfb Cfrfim` Y`ijlb.
