Dfnsn 26 I`eu`rn 2?01
N\\E9 2?:1-4>31
_DEA@EV@R _`f` 0> \dptdkbdr 2?03 nen, C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` ade`p bdrusn` 30 t`jue. \dk`ea`t Mdb`ru`e, Negv`sn, f`e mdneane`e uetum bns` kdkbdrnm`e nkp`m bds`r f`e pgsnc b`an k`sy`r`m`t kdei`fn tdk` bds`r Fnds E`t`hns CDB TAK md-30, Egvdhty, dhty , Neegv` Neegv`ge, ge, Nkp`lt Nkp`lt.. Fdea`e sdk`ea`t y`ea s`k` f`e fdea`e kdeaul`pm`e syumur mdp`f` Vuj`e ^KD, DB Edws Dfnsn 26 tdh`j tdrbnt. Rdpgrt`sd Mjusus dfnsn m`hn nen kdeadtdea`jm`e r`eam`n`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns CDB TAK md-30 y`ea tdrfnrn f`rn sdkne`r, mdan`t`e sgsn`h, Vukpde a`e, R`p`t \de`t Vdrbum` CDB TAK f`e Gr`sn Nhkn`j y`ea kdei`fn puel`m `l`r`. Mdan`t`e M@CDA@K@ bdrup` Bdf`j f`e _dhuelur`e Bumu ‘Kdeukbujm`e Dmgegkn Mdr`my`t`e, Kdkde`eam`e K`sy`r`m`t Dmgegkn @\D@\D @E‛ tdrf`p`t f`h`k rubrnm M`b`r CDB , bdantu iua` fdea`e bdbdr`p` mdan`t`e prgfn fn hneamuea`e CDB TAK. Rubrnm @rmdh Fgsde fntuhns ghdj Nbu Def`ea \nj _r`p, K.@ f`e rubrnm pdea`h`k`e kdh`mum`e p`p`r`e netdre` snge`h kdh`hun prgar`k Fgubhd Fdardd fnldrnt`m`e ghdj Lj`tdrned Egvnt` y`ea kdeydhds`nm`e prgar`k Fgubhd Fdardd-ey` fn Jgljsljuhd _cgrzjdnk, Idrk`e. _gigm @huken fnnsn ghdj sdgr`ea `huken kuf` bdrt`hdet`, \t`en sh`us V`efdhnhne sdf`eam`e K`j`rfjnm` \dm`r, k`j`snsw` bdrprdst`sn CDB TAK f`h`k bnf`ea t`dmwgefg bdrb`an ldrnt` f`h`k rubrnm _rdst`sn K`j`snsw` . @mjnr m`t`, sdkga` DB Edws Dfnsn 26 nen f`p`t kdkbdrn m`e k`ec``t. \dh`k`t kdkb`l`. Dmg \uw`rfn, K. \l., _j. F. Fdm`e
Fntdrbntm`e ghdj C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` Ih. \gsng Juk`engr` Buh`msukur, ^gay`m`rt` 442:0 V9 + 32 216 46: 40? (juetnea) C9 + 32 216 43< 202 D9 fdm`eOcdb.uak.`l fdm`eOcdb.uak.`l.nf .nf Q9 jttp9//www.cdb.uak.`l.nf
_de`eaauea I`w`b @knruhh`j \dty` J`rfn, _j.F (Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea _dedhntn _dedhntn`e, `e, _dea`bfn`e _dea`bfn` e Mdp`f` K`sy`r`m`t, @huken f`e Mdri`s`k`)
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Dmg \uw`rfn, K.\l., _jF. (Fdm`e)
Nm` Quh`ef`rn Q Igfnst` Anljd M Th`yy` Adkpur V. Kdyhn` L`efr`w`tn Eurk` Enefy` \`rn Bdre`rfus @fd @lj` Dfane`
K`jcuf \ghnjne, K.@ll., _j.F (Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea @m`fdknm f`e Mdk`j`snsw``e) _rgc. Fr. \h`kdt \uanrn, K.B.@., @mt. (_ht. Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea Mdu`ea`e @fknenstr`sn f`e \ukbdr F`y` K`eusn`)
Vdmeghgan Necgrk`sn Kuj`kk`f @hn C`nq
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F@CV@R N\N
M`b`r CDB
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\0 K`anstdr \`nes & Fgmtgr K`anstdr @muet`esn K`anstdr K`e`idkde K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e _defnfnm`e _rgdsn @muet`esn
Bdrnt` Tent \dput`r Buh`msukur Hdes` CDB @fvdrtgrn`h Bd`snsw` & Rdmrutkde Vdstnkgen K`j`snsw` @snea \n`p` Fn` C`snhnt`s
dst`sn K`j`snsw` <0_r_rdst`sn
20 Rdpgrt`sd Mjusus
<<@rtnmdh Fgsde
M`b`r CDB | \0
Bdf`j bumu9 Kdeukbujm`e Dmgegkn Mdr`my`t`e, Kdkde`eam`e K`sy`r`m`t Dmgegkn @\D@E @\D@E
I
uk`t, 2: Gmtgbdr h`hu, C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK) bdrs`k` fdea`e Mdhu`a` @huken C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (M@CDA@K@) kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e bdf`j bumu y`ea bdriufuh ‘ Kdeukbujm`e Dmgegkn Mdr`my`t`e, Kdkde`eam`e K`sy`r`m`t Dmgegkn @\D@E‛. @l`r` y`ea fnj`fnrn ghdj `huken, fgsde, f`e k`j`snsw` \0, \2 CDB TAK nen bdrh`easuea pumuh 06.??-03. QNB fn ru`ea Mdrt`eda`r`. @l`r` fnbum` fdea`e s`kbut`e ghdj mdtu` M@CDA@K@, \`ptg @k`h. Mdkufn`e, s`kbut`e fnh`eiutm`e ghdj Fdm`e b`ru CDB TAK, Dmg \uw`rfn _j.F. Bdf`j bumu m`hn nen kdeaj`fnrm`e tna` gr`ea pdkbnl`r` y`ntu Fr. Jdefrn \`p`rnen _j. F., _rg. Qnj`e` Mnr`e` I`y` K.\gl.\l.,_j.F., f`e Fr. @. Vgey Vgey _r`sdtn`etgeg _r`sdtn`etgeg _j. F. @l`r` y`ea fnkgfdr`tgrn fnkgfdr`tgrn ghdj @mjk`f @mb`r \us`ktg, \.D., K._jnh., _j.F fnb`an kdei`fn dkp`t sdsn. K`tdrn sdsn pdrt`k` fns`kp`nm`e ghdj mdtu` tnk pdeuhns, Jdefrn \`p`rnen. Kdeurut Jdefrn, Nefgedsn` kdknhnmn pgtdesn sdb`a`n eda`r` prgfusde m`rde` kdknhnmn mdm`y``e sukbdr f`y` k`eusn`, sukbdr f`y` `h`k, k`upue buf`y`. \ukbdr f`y` k`eusn` fn Nefgedsn` tdraghgea bdrpdefnfnm`e bdrpdefnfnm`e rdef`j sdpdrtn huhu s`e \F f`e \K_ \K_.. Jdefrn kdkbdrnm`e lgetgj prgdsn y`ea bdrpdefnfnm`e rdef`j `f`h`j tum`ea m`yu. _rgdsn sdb`a`n tum`ea m`yu tnf`m bdantu kde`rnm b`an eda`r`-eda`r` eda`r`-eda`r` fn @\D@E. Nen kdrup`m`e sdbu`j pdhu`ea b`an Nefgedsn` uetum kdkdeujn pdrknet``e tum`ea m`yu fn @\D@E. Nefgedsn` pdrhu kdkbu`t sdrtnnm`sn mjusus prgdsn tum`ea m`yu. \drtnnm`sn fnaue`m`e uetum kdei`a` mu`hnt`s prgdsn sup`y` k`kpu tdrsdr`p KD@. \dmtgr h`ne y`ea fnb`j`s ghdj Jdefrn `f`h`j sdmtgr pdefnfnm`e tneaan. Nefgedsn` kdknhnmn mdm`y``e `h`k y`ea kdhnkp`j sdpdrtn jut`e jui`e trgpns f`e h`ut. Nefgedsn` sdrnea fni`fnm`e sdb`a`n gbidm pdedhntn`e mdjut`e`e f`e pdey`mnt trgpns. E`kue, pus`t pdedhntn`e mdjut`e`e bum`e bdr`s`h f`rn Nefgedsn` kdh`nem`e Idp`ea. Inm` Nefgedsn` k`kpu kdeadkb`eam`e pus`t pdedhntn`e mdjut`e`e, bum`e tnf`m kueamne Nefgedsn` bns` fni`fnm`e ruium`e b`an gr`ea `snea uetum bdh`i`r. ‘\n`p` pue y`ea neane bdh`i`r kdeade`n pdey`mnt trgpns `f` fn Nefgedsn`, bum`e mnt` kdef`t`eam`e uenvdrsnt`s-uenvdrsnt`s vdrsnt`s-uenvdrsnt `s tdrb`nm fn fuen` uetum kdkbum` l`b`ea fn Nefgedsn`.‛ Nefgedsn`.‛ tutur Jdefrn. Mdkufn`e, sdsn fu` bdf`j bumu fnp`p`rm`e ghdj Qnj`e` Mnr`e` I`y`. Kdeurut Qnj`e` Mnr`e` I`y`, CDB TAK pdrhu kdkbde`jn murnmuhukey` kdeanmutn pdrmdkb`ea`e fuen` fnant`h. Mgetde-mgetde y`ea kdea`efuea fnant`hns`sn sdpdrtn fnant`h dlgegky, bna f`t`, f`e lhguf lgkputnea pdrhu fn`i`rm`e md k`j`snsw`. Inm` tnf`m sdadr` bdrbde`j kdeaj`f`pn fnant`hns`sn, k`m` nefustrn tnf`m `m`e kdhnrnm h uhus`e CDB TAK. \dsn mdtna` fnnsn ghdj @. Vgey _r`sdtn`etgeg. _r`sdtn`etgeg. Vgey _r`sdtn`etgeg _r`sdtn`etgeg kdeygrgtn tna` sdmtgr y`ea fnku`t f`h`k bumu y`ntu mdsdj`t`e, pdefnfnm`e, f`e p`rnwns`t`. Nevdst`sn fn bnf`ea mdsdj`t`e tukbuj fdea`e pds`t. _drtukbuj`e y`ea pds`t nen fnm`rde`m`e nevdstgr bdrmdneane`e `a`r gr`ea Nefgedsn` y`ea s `mnt bns` bdrgb`t fn Nefgedsn`, tnf`m pdrhu h`an bdrgb`t md \nea`pur`. Nkphnm`sney` `m`e kdeajdk`t fdvns` eda`r`. \db`an`e bds`r ruk`j s`mnt fn Nefgedsn` tdrmds`e kdeydr`km`e. _dkbde`j`e ner`strumtur ner`strumtur ruk`j s`mnt pdrhu fnh`mum`e `a`r p`snde bns` bdrgb`t fdea`e ey`k`e. \dmtgr mdfu` `f`h`j pdefnfnm`e. Nefgedsn` kdedkp`tn urut`e mdtna` fn @\D@E sdb`a`n eda`r` y`ea p`hnea b`ey`m kdeanrnkm`e k`j`snsw`ey` uetum bdh`i`r md hu`r edadrn fn b`w`j K`h`ysn` f`e Sndte`k. Nefgedsn` pdrhu kdeneam`tm`e iukh`j k`j`snsw` y`ea bdh`i`r fn hu`r edadrn. Kdsmnpue uenvdrsnt`s-uenvdrsnt`s fn Nefgedsn` bdrmu`hnt`s, k`j`snsw` pdrhu bdh`i`r fn hu`r edadrn mjususey` md eda`r`-eda`r` eda`r`-eda`r` y`ea kdknhnmn tr`fnsn pdefnfnm`e y`ea b`nm. Fdea`e bdh`i`r fn hu`r edadrn, k`j`snsw` Nefgedsn` `m`e bdrs`nea fdea`e k`j`snsw` f`rn eda`r` h`ne y`ea kdkb`w` mdueaauh`e mj`s eda`r`ey` sdpdrtn Ljne` y`ea ueaauh fn bnf`ea k`tdk`tnm` f`e Mgrd` \dh`t`e y`ea kdknhnmn dtgs mdri` y`ea tneaan. \dh`ne ntu, Nefgedsn` kdknhnmn b`ey`m fdstne`sn wns`t` y`ea nef`j e`kue ner`strumturey` bdhuk b`nm. Ner`strumtur y`ea bdhuk b`nm kdeaur`ean mdtdrt`rnm`e wns`t`w`e mjususey` wns`t`w`e k`el`eda`r` uetum bdrmueiuea. J`h ntu iua` y`ea kdkpdea`rujn h`k`ey` sdgr`ea wns`t`w`e bdrmueiuea fn su`tu f`dr`j. Lgetgj s`i` ^gay`m`rt` y`ea kdknhnmn fdrdt`e p`et`n y`ea nef`j. Qns`t`w`e `m`e hdbnj tdrt`rnm uetum bdrmueiuea md p`et`n sdh`t`e `p`bnh` ^gay`m`rt` ^gay`m`rt` kdknhnmn `snhnt`s rdsgrt . Qns`t`w`e bns` kdenmk`tn p`et`n f`rn f`h`k m`k`r jgtdh. J`h ntu `m`e kdkpdrh`k` w`mtu wns`t`w`e tneaa`h fn gbidm wns`t`. Nkb`sey` pdrdmgegkn`e w`ra` fn sdmnt`r jgtdh `m`e kdeneam`t. Mdkufn`e, uetum sdsn tdr`mjnr, kgfdr`tgr kdkbdrnm`e mdsdkp`t`e mdp`f` j`fnrne uetum kdkbdrnm`e mgkdet`r.. Fgsde CDB TAK, Def`ea \nj _r`ptn \gdkn`etgrg, Fr`., K.@. kdey`t`m`e tnf`m sdtuiu fdea`e nstnh`j mgkdet`r mdr`my`t`e mdr`my`t `e m`rde` nstnh`j tdrsdbut j`ey` s`h`j s`tu snh` f`rn _`el`snh`. Def`ea hdbnj sdtuiu kdeaaue`m`e nstnh`j r`my`t f`rnp`f` mdr`my`t`e. mdr`my`t`e. , _rg. Fr. R.K. Aue`w`e \gdkgfnenear`t K.Dl. kde`eaa`pn mgkdet`r kdeade`n nstnh`j r`my`t f`e mdr`my`t`e. Kdeurutey`, pdk`j`k`e f`e pdrfdb`t`e kdeade`n nstnh`j r`my`t f`e mdr`my`t`e tnf`m `m`e pdre`j sdhds`n. @rtn r`my`t kdeurutey` `f`h`j w`ra` eda`r` y`ea bdr`f` fn b`w`j
M`b`r CDB | \0
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`f` 2: Gmtgbdr 2?03, su`s`e` mdmdhu`ra``e tdr`s` fn Jgtdh Tenvdrsnty Lhub. Bdrtdp`t`e fdea`e j`rn pdrnea`t`e \ukp`j _dkuf`, Mdhu`ra` @huken C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (M@CDA@K@) kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e `l`r` snh`tur`jkn M@CDA@K@. K`h`k ntu kdei`fn puel`m r`eam`n`e `l`r` y`ea fnh`mum`e ghdj M@CDA@K@. \dbdhukey`, M@CDA@K@ kdh`mum`e bdf`j bumu y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e fn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK). @l`r` snh`tur`jkn k`h`k nen fnj`fnrn ghdj Kdetdrn _drjubuea`e, Nr. Bufn M`ry` \uk`fn Nefgedsn`, Q`mnh Rdmtgr TAK Bnf`ea Mdri` \`k` f`e @huken, Fr. _`rnpure`, \.J., K.Juk., HH.K., Mdp`h` B_M RN sdm`hnaus Mdtu` Tkuk M@CDA@K@, Frs. \`ptg @k`h F`k`ef`rn, @m. , L._.@., L@, Fdm`e CDB TAK sdm`hnaus Q`mnh Mdtu` M@CDA@K@, Fr. Dmg \uw`rfn K.\l., Mgkns`rns Tt`k` _V Vdhmgk Nefgedsn`, Fr. Jdefrn \`p`rnen, `eaagt` M@CDA@K@ h`neey` sdrt` k`j`snsw`. @l`r` snh`tur`jkn k`h`k nen sdm`hnaus kdei`fn `l`r` pdrmde`h`e i`i`r`e pdeaurus M@CDA@K@ f`e pdhuelur`e bumu m`ry` M@CDA@K@ y`ea bdriufuh ‘Kdeukbujm`e Dmgegkn Mdr`my`t`e, Kdkde`eam`e K`sy`r`m`t Dmgegkn @\D@E‛. \`ptg @k`h kdkpdrmde`hm`e i`i`r`e pdeaurus pdea urus y`ea j`fnr k`h`k k `h`k ntu fn fdp`e p`eaauea. \dh`ne kdkpdrmde`hm`e i`i`r`e pde-
_drmde`h`e _deaurus f`e _dhuelur`e Bumu f`h`k @l`r` \nh`tur`jkn M@CDA@K@
au ru s M@CDA@ K@ , ` l ` r` snh`tur`jkn tdrsdbut iua` fnaue`m`e uetum kdk`p`rm`e prgar`k mdri` M@CDA@K@. \dmrdt`rns Tkuk M@CDA@K@, Fr. @eaantg @bnk`eyu K.\l., kdeidh`sm`e bdbdr`p` prgar`k f`e pdel`p`n`e sdpdrtn st`tus M@CDA@K@ sdb`a`n b`f`e jumuk, pdef`t``e `huken kdh`hun wdbsntd , pdeaukpuh`e f`e` `huken M@CDA@K@ kdh`hun ‘\`wdr`e M@CDA@K@‛, fumuea`e M@CDA@K@ uetum pdeadkb`ea`e mdan`t`e pdrmuhn`j`e f`e sgcsmnhh k`j`snsw` CDB TAK. Fumuea`e M@CDA@K@ tdrj`f`p CDB TAK tdrsdbut kdkbumtnm`e `f`ey` nm`t`e y`ea mu`t `et`r` `huken fdea`e `hk`k`tdrey`. Fdea`e fumuea`e tdrsdbut, M@CDA@K@ bdrj`r`p CDB TAK tdt`p kdeaj`snhm`e pdknkpne-pdknkpne b`ru b`nm fn pdkdrnet`j`e k`upue sw`st`. \dh`eiutey`, Dmg \uw`rfn kdkbdrnm`e s`kbut`e sneam`t y`ea fnb`w`m`e fdea`e s`et`n f`e bdbdr`p` adh`m t`w`. Dmg \uw`rfn kdeidh`sm`e tdet`ea mrd`tnvnt`s k`j`snsw` s``t nen fdea`e bdr`a`k `l`r` y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e. Nen kdkbdrnm`e mds`e egst`han` mdp`f` `huken s``t bdrmdan`t`e sdh`k` muhn`j.
Ts`n s`kbut`e ghdj Fdm`e CDB TAK, Jdefrn \`p`rnen kdey`kp`nm`e pdkb`j`s`e kdeade`n bumu y`ea fntuhns ghdj M@CDA@K@. Bumu tdrsdbut bdrnsnm`e pgtdesn-pgtdesn y`ea fnknhnmn ghdj b`eas` Nefgedsn` sdpdrtn sukbdr f`y` `h`k, sukbdr f`y` k`eusn`, f`e sukbdr f`y` buf`y` tdetuey` bdrb`sns mdr`my`t`e. Vdrf`p`t 0? sdmtgr pdkb`j`s`e y`ntu nefustrn k`m`e`e f`e kneuk`e, pdrt`en`e f`e pdtdre`m`e, pdrnm`e`e, p`rnwns`t`, dedran b`ru f`e tdrb`rum`e, nefustrn f`s`r, dmgegkn fnant`h, mdsdj`t`e, pdefnfnm`e tneaan, f`e tde`a` mdri`. \dus`n kdkb`j`s bumu tdrsdbut, fnh`mum`e pdhuelur`e bumu sdl`r` snkbghns fdea`e pdkbdrn`e bumu mdp`f` Kdetdrn _drjubuea`e Nefgedsn`, Bufn M`ry`. \dkdet`r` ntu, Q`mnh Rdmtgr Bnf`ea Mdri` \`k` f`e @huken, _`rnpure` kdea`t`m`e `l`r` snh`tur`jkn sdk`l`k nen b`aus uetum kdei`rnea `huken. J`r`p`eey` `l`r` sdk`l`k nen iua` f`p`t fnh`mum`e fn `muht`s h`ne fn TAK. ]@fd[
M`b`r CDB | \0
Ky Jgkdtgwe fn \tufdet Qddm 2?03
C
`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens (CDB) TAK mdkb`hn kdeaadh`r \tufdet Qddm 2?03 mdk`rne \dh`s` (>/:) jneaa` Iuk`t (02/:) fn _h`z` CDB. Mdan`t`e rutne t`jue`e y`ea bdrh`easuea sdh`k` dkp`t j`rn nen fnk`msufm`e uetum kdkpdrmde`hm`e f`e sdm`hnaus `i`ea prgkgsn b`an jnkpue`e f`e hdkb`a` mdk`j`snsw``e y`ea `f` fn hneamuea`e m`kpus CDB. \db`ey`m 6:2 k`j`snsw` b`ru f`rn tna` iurus`e bdra`buea f`h`k `l`r` nen. @f` bdrb`a`n `l`r` f`h`k \tufdet Qddm m`hn nen, sdpdrtn detrdprdedursjnp dxpg (>-0?/:), gra`enz`tnge`h b`z`r BDK BDK JKI-HM (00/:) f`e Luhtur`h Dvdet (02/:). Detrdprdedursjnp dxpg kdrup`m`e p`kdr`e st`ef detrd prdedur uetum k`j`snsw` b`ru. Detrdprdedursjnp dxpg t`jue nen kdea`eam`t tdk` l`mr`w`h` eus`et`r`. F`h`k `l`r` nen k`j`snsw` b`ru y`ea suf`j fnb`an kdei`fn 0: mdhgkpgm fnbdrnm`e kgf`h ghdj p`entn` sdbds`r Rp 04?.??? uetum kdkbum` us`j`. Kgf`h tdrsdbut e`etney` j`rus fnmdkb`hnm`e h`an mdp`f` p`entn` fn`mjnr `l`r`. @enefy` R`ljk` _uspnt`s`rn,
Nhku Dmgegkn 2?06 sdh`mu mdtu` \tufdet Qddm 2?03 kdea`mu t`m iub tdrj`f`p inw` detrdprdedur y`ea suf`j kdhdm`t p`f` fnrn k`j`snsw` b`ru. J`h nen fnbumtnm`e f`rn mduetuea`e y`ea kdrdm` r`nj kdel`p`n 4 m`hn hnp`t f`rn kgf`h. \dh`ne ntu iua` sdtdh`j tutup `l`r` k`snea-k`snea mdhgkpgm fdea`e sum` rdh` kdkbdrnm`e rdpgrt bdrup` h`pgr`e mdu`ea`e mdp`f` p`entn`. ‘M`kn a`m ey`eam` m`h`u `fdm`fdm bns` uetuea sdb`ey`m ntu b`jm`e kdrdm` s`kp`n rdh` kdkbu`t h`pgr`e mdu`ea`e,‛ tdr`ea @ene. @l`r` fntutup fdea`e luhtur`h dvdet. Kdea`eam`t tdk` ‘jgkdtgwe‛ f`h`k luhtur`h dvdet m`hn nen fnnsn ghdj pde`kpnh`e a`kdh`e CDB y`ea tdrfnrn f`rn fgsde f`e m`ry`w`e, b`ef k`j`snsw` b`ru f`rn k`snea-k`snea iurus`e sdrt` s`tu b`ef a`buea`e f`rn mdtna` iurus`e f`e bdbdr`p` pde`kpnh`e h`neey`. Fn`mjnr `l`r` luhtur`h dvdet fntutup fntutup ghdj h`sj kgb `eam`t`e 2?03. @ene kdeidh`sm`e tdk` ‘ jgkdtgwe‛ y`ea fn`eam`t f`h`k luhtur`h dvdet m`hn nen fnj`r`pm`e f`p`t kdkbu`t k`j`snsw` b`ru
sdpdrtn mdkb`hn md m`kpuea j`h`k`e kdrdm`. ‘Kdrdm` b`ru bdh`i`r hdp`s f`rn gr`eatu`, b`ru bdh`i`r hdp`s f`rn m`kpuea j`h`k`eey` sdkga` fdea`e `f`ey` `l`r` nen bns` kdkbu`t kdrdm` kdr`s` mdkb`hn md m`kpuea j`h`k`eey`,‛ nkbuj @ene. Drk` Qjdey sdh`mu Mggrfne`gr B`an`e Mdk`j`snsw``e f`e @huken kde`kb`jm`e `l`r` \tufdet Qddm nen sdh`ne fnk`msufm`e uetum kdeade`hm`e hneamuea`e CDB iua` sdb`a`n w`f`j k`j`snsw` uetum s`hnea mde`h tdrhdbnj uetum k`j`snsw` `snea `a`r sdku` bns` kdei`fn s`tu. ‘@l`r` nen `f`h`j `i`ea uetum s`hnea mde`h f`e bdrtum`r buf`y`, kdrdm` bns` bdrb`ur f`e tdetuey` uetum kdy`tum`e `eam`t`e 2?03 bn`r sdk`mne sghnf,‛ idh`s Qjdey. (Kdy)
M`b`r CDB | \0
Mdri`s`k` fdea`e Tenvdrsnty gc Snltgrn` L`e`f` bdrsdp`m`t kdeneam`tm`e mdri`s`k` fdea`e _rgar`k Fgubhd Fdardd fn hdvdh \0 Fr. \`uh Mhdne, Fd`e & H`efsfgwed _rgdssgr gc Netdre`tnge`h Busnedss, Busnedss, _dtdr B. Aust`vsge \ljggh gc Busnedss, Tenvdrsnty gc Snltgrn`, L`e`f` bdrmueiuea md C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK) p`f` j`rn \dh`s`, 2> Egvdkbdr 2?03 pumuh 02.?? QNB. Mueiuea`e tdrsdbut fns`kbut ghdj Fr. Dmg \uw`rfn, K.\l. (Fdm`e CDB TAK), Fr. K. Dfjnd _ure`w`e (Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea Mdri`s`k`, @huken f`e _dea`bfn`e Mdp`f` K`sy`r`m`t), Fr. K`jcuf \jghnjne (Mdp`h` Fdp`rtdkde @muet`esn), Fr. R`eaa` @hk`jdfr` (K`e`adr M`etgr
Trus`e Netdre`snge`h), f`e Kgj. @mjfy _rnj`etgeg (Fdputy K`e`adr M`etgr Trus`e Netdre`snge`h). _drtdku`e y`ea bdrh`easuea fn Ru`ea R`p`t Bnrg Fdm`e ntu kdkb`j`s pdeau`t`e mdri`s`k` `et`r` fu` nestntusn y`ea suf`j bdrh`eauea lumup h`k`. \dh`ne prgar`k stufdet dxlj`ead dxlj`ead y`ea suf`j bdrh`easuea, Fr. Mhdne iua` bdrsdp`m`t kdeneam`tm`e mdri`s`k` fdea`e _rgar`k Fgubhd Fdardd fn hdvdh \0 fdea`e iurus`e y`ea fnt`w`rm`e y`ntu9 Detrdprdedursjnp, Netdre`tnge`h Busnedss, Busnedss, f`e \drvnld K`e`adkdet . Fr. Mhdne iua` kdeidh`sm`e fdea`e prgar`k fgubhd fdardd fdardd nen, k`j`snsw` `m`e kdef`p`t nine bdmdri` fn L`e`f` sdtdh`j huhus f`rn Tenvdrsnty gc Snltg-
rn`. Mdan`t`e lg-gp prgar`k `t`u netdresjnp netdresjnp kdei`fn kdei`fn s`h`j s`tu ueaauh`e y`ea fnw`inbm`e b`an k`j`snsw` sdbdhuk huhus. _dtdr B. Aust`vsge \ljggh gc Busnedss, Tenvdrsnty gc Snltgrn`, L`e`f` tdh`j tdr`mrdfnt`sn Netdre`snge`h ghdj @@L\B f`e DPTN\. CDB TAK `f`h`j s`tu-s`tuey` p`rtedr f`rn _dtdr B. Aust`vsge \ljggh gc Busnedss, Tenvdrsnty gc Snltgrn` fn Nefgedsn` f`e fdknmn`e sdb`hnmey`. _drtdku`e y`ea bdrh`easuea sdh`k` s`tu sdtdea`j i`k tdrsdbut s`ea`t dcdmtnc fdea`e j`r`p`e f`p`t tdrlnpt` mdri`s`k` tnkb`h b`hnm y`ea s`hnea kdeauetueam`e `et`r `et`r` ` mdfu` pnj`m.
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr \`nes & Fgmtgr
_RGAR@K K@AN\VDR F@E FGMVGR CDB KDEF@_@V MTEITEA@E TENSDR\NV@\ F@RN VNKTR NEFGED\N@ JNEAA@ EGRQDAN@
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`f` buh`e Gmtgbdr 2?03, _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes f`e Fgmtgr (KF) CDB TAK fnmueiuean ghdj tna` uenvdrsnt`s, Tenvdrsnt`s Ldefdr`w`snj-_`pu`, Tenvdrsnty g @afdr-Egrwdan`, f`e \wnebured Tenvdrsnty g Vdljeghgay-@ustr`hn`. Tenvdrsnt`s Ldefdr`w`snj f`h`k mue iuea`e p`f` p`f` < Gmtgbdr 2?03 tdrsdbut tdrsdbut bdrtuiu`e uetum kdkpdh`i`rn pdeadhgh``e _rgar`k Fgmtgr Nhku Dmgegkn CDB TAK. F`h`k pdrtdku`e fdea`e pdeadhgh` _rgar`k Fgmtgr Nhku Dmgegkn Tenvdrsnt`s Ldefdr`w`snj, _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg, K.\gl.\l., _j.F. sdh`mu Mdtu` _rgar`k Fgmtgr Nhku Dmgegkn fn _rgar`k KF CDB TAK kdkbdrnm`e pdk`p`r`e kdeade`n mgefnsn f`e pdrmdkb`ea`e _rgar`k KF CDB TAK. Mueln mdbdrj`snh`e _rgar`k KF CDB TAK `f`h`j sdh`hu kdedm`em`e p`f` neput, prgldss f`e gutput y`ea b`nm, b`nm, sdjneaa` huhus`e f`rn _rgar`k KF CDB TAK s`ea`t bdrmu`hnt`s. _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg,, K.\gl.\l., Muelgrg K.\gl.\l., _j.F. iua` kdkdedm`em`e pdetneaey` uetum sdh`hu kdh`mum`e dv`hu`sn f`e nkprgvdkdet p`f` _rgar`k KF CDB TAK `a`r sdsu`n fdea`e mdbutuj`e pdefnfnm`e, b`nm sdsu`n fdea`e rdauh`sn pdefnfnm`e f`rn pdkdrnet`j k`upue uetum mdbutuj`e k`j`snsw` kdh`hun rdvndw kdh`hun mdan`t`e Qgrmsjgp f`e Cglus Argup Fnslussnge (CAF). \dkdet`r` Tenvdrsnty g @afdr-Egrwdan` f`e \wnebured Ten-
vdrsnty g Vdljeghgay-@ustr`hn` p`f` mueiuea`eey` 0? Gmtgbdr 2?03 f`e 06 Gmtgbdr 2?03 kde`w`rm`e mdr i`s`k` bdrup` prgar`k dxlj`ead stufdets, fgubhd fdardd f`e ignet fdardd. _drtdku`e _deadhgh` _rgar`k KF CDB fdea`e _rg \tdne Mrnstn`esde kdw`mnhn C`luhty g \gln`h \lndelds Tenvdrsnty g @afdr-Egrwdan` kdefnsmusnm`e t`w`r`e mdri`s`k` bdrup` prgar`k dxlj`ead stufdets f`e fu`h fdardd. _`f` mueiuea`e Fr Eaun Mw`ea \nea sdb`a`n Fdm`e \wnebured Tenvdrsnty g Vdljeghgay-@ustr`hn` y`ea bdrhgm`sn fn \dr`w`m K`h`ysn` f`e Fr Idrgkd Fge`v`e sdb`a`n \dengr Hdlturdr \wnebured Tenvdrsnty g Vdljeghgay-@ustr`hn` kde`w`rm`e prgar`k ignet fdardd mdp`f` _rgar`k KF CDB TAK. Tenvdrsnt`s Vdmjeghgan \wnebured kde`w`rm`e fds`ne prgar`k pdrmuhn`j`e fdea`e gmus p`f` mdan`t`e pdedhntn`e fnbnf`ea dmgegkn f`e k`e`idkde. Bdbdr`p` mgesdetr`sn y`ea fnt`w`rm`e `et`r` h`ne, sust`ne`bnhnty ne dlgegky, jgspnt`hnty `ef tgurnsk, \KD `ef detrdprdedursjnp f`e bdbdr`p` mgesdetr`sn fdea`e gmus pdedhntn`e fnbnf`ea nefustrn. Fr Idrgkd Fgegv`e kdea`t`m`e prgar`k fgmtgr`h fdea`e gmus pdedhntn`e s`ea`t pdetnea kdeanea`t mgkpdtnsn p`f` pubhnm`sn `m`fdknm s``t nen kdei`fn sdk`mne mdt`t f`e bdr`t, sdjneaa` `m`fdknsn j`rus kuh`n gmus kdeaj`snhm`e pdedhntn`e
y`ea bdrkutu fnk`e` j`h ntu rdhdv`e fdea`e degkde` f`h`k hneamuea`e nefustrn. Fn` kde`kb`jm`e, pdedhntn`e y`ea rdhdv`e fdea`e fuen` nefustrn `m`e kdkuf`jm`e j`snh pdedhntn`e tdrsdbut uetum fnaue`m`e sdjneaa` hdbnj bdrk`e``t mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t hu`s. _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F. sdh`mu Mggrfne`tgr _rgar`k KF CDB TAK kdea`t`m`e `m`e kdenef`mh`eiutn t`w`r`e mdri`s`k` tdrsdbut. Kdeurut _rg Igany`etg k`j`snsw` fgmtgr`h y`ea fntdrnk` fn _rgar`k KF CDB TAK kdknhnmn mu`hnnm`sn y`ea s`k` b`nmey` fdea`e mu`hnnm`sn k`j`snsw` fgmtgr`h y`ea `m`e fntdrnk` fn Tenvdrsnt`s @afdr f`e Tenvdrsnt`s Vdmjeghgan \wnebured. \dh`ne ntu _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F. kdeidh`sm`e bdbdr`p` mdueaauh`e y`ea fnknhnmn ghdj _rgar`k KF CDB TAK f`h`k j`h kdm`enskd pdkbdh`i`r`e prgar`k fgmtgr`hey`. Kdm`enskd pdkbdh`i`r`e s``t nen `f`h`j j`snh rdvndw p`e i`ea f`rn f`rn kdm`enskd kdm`enskd y`ea fnaue`m`e ghdj _rgar`k KF CDB TAK sdbdhukey`. Kdm`enskd y`ea fnaue`m`e s``t nen kdrup`m`e j`snh fnsmusn f`rn st` pdea`i`r y`ea kdknhnmn pdea`h`k`e f`rn bdrb`a`n uenvdrsnt`s tdrb`nm fn fuen`, sdjneaa` kdeaj`snhm`e kdm`enskd pdkbdh`i`r`e y`ea mgkprdjdesn f`e bdrmu`hnt bdrmu`hnt`s.(@h) `s.(@h)
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr \`nes & Fgmtgr
F@H@K R@EAM@ FND\ E@V E@V@HN\ @HN\ MD <3 _RGAR@K KF \DHDEAA@R@M@E \DHD EAA@R@M@E VDKT @HTKEN F@E \DKNE@R
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rgar`k KF CDB kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e r`eam`n`e mdan`t`e Fnds E`t`hns md <3 fn`w`hn fdea`e sdkne`r fdea`e tdk` _dkbdh`i`r`e Bdrpus`t K`j`snsw` p`f` M`kns 2> \dptdkbdr 2?03 y`ea h`hu. \dkne`r fnnmutn ghdj p`r` `huken _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes f`e Fgmtgr CDB TAK y`ea tdrsdb`r f`rn bdrb`a`n f`dr`j fn Nefgedsn`. \dkne`r fnnsn ghdj tna` pdk`tdrn y`ea kdrup`m`e _deadhgh` _rgar`k KF CDB y`ntu _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg, K.\gl.\l., _j.F. f`e Euruh Nef`rtn \nvnhúmgegk \nvnhúmgegk,, L`ef. Kdrl., _j.F. _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg, K.\gl.\l., _j.F. Fr. Dmg \uw`rfn, K.\l. sdh`mu Q`mnh Fdm`e CDB TAK kdkbum` \dkne`r f`h`k s`kbut`eey` bdrpds`e mdp`f` p`r` @huken _rgar`k KF uetum kdei`fn fut`-fut` Buh`msukur f`h`k kdeydb`rm`e mdb`nm`e mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t. \dh`eiutey` k`sum p`f` sdkne`r, k`tdrn pdrt`k` fnb`w`m`e ghdj _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., fdea`e kdea`w`hn sdkne`rey` fdea`e mrntnm tdrj`f`p pdefnfnm`e y`ea sdh`k` nen fntdr`pm`e fn bdrb`a`n pdrauru`e tneaan y`ea bdhuk kdkbdm`hn k`j`snsw` fdea`e l`r` kdkdl`jm`e k`s`h`j sdl`r` ddmtn f`e dnsnde. K`tdrn mdfu` fnb`w`m`e ghdj Euruh Nef`rtn \nvnhúmgegk, L`ef.Kdrl., _j.F. y`ea kdkb`w`m`e tdk` _dkbdh`i`r`e Bdrb`sns M`sus. F`h`k pdeidh`s`eey`, Kdtgfd M`sus `f`h`j sdbu`j
kdtgfd pdea`i`r`e fnk`e` k`j`snsw` f`e nestrumtur bdrp`rtnsnp`sn f`h`k fnsmusn h`easuea su`tu m`sus bnsens `t`u k`s`h`j. M`sus tdrsdbut bn`s`ey` fnbu`t f`h`k bdetum tdrtuhns f`e bdr`s`h f`rn pdea`h`k`e `mtu`h f`rn dmsdmutn bnsens, fnb`l`, fnpdh`i`rn, f`e fnb`j`s ghdj k`j`snsw`, f`e kdrdm` kdei`fn f`s`r i`h`eey` fnsmusn fnsmusn mdh`s fn b`w`j b`w`j `r`j`e nestrumtur. \dsn tdr`mjnr fnb`w`m`e ghdj _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg, K.\gl. \l., _j.F. fdea`e tdk` _dkbdh`i`r`e Bdrb`sns Rnsdt f`h`k Bnf`ea Nhku Dmgegkn. F`h`k pdk`p`r`eey` _rg. Kufr`i`f Muelgrg, K.\gl.\l., _j.F. kdeygrgtn rdef`jey` kne`t kdeuhns fgsde f`e k`j`snsw` fn Nefgedsn`. Kdeurutey` buf`y` kdeuhns p`r` fgsde w`inb fntukbujm`e sup`y` kdet`h nhkn`j kdr`sum md sdefn-sdefn kdtgfd pdkbdh`i`r`e fn Nefgedsn`. \dtdh`j `l`r` sdkne`r fnh`e iutm`e fdea`e `l`r` puel`m Fnds E`t`hns y`ntu `l`r` pgtgea tukpdea f`e tdku `huken. Fnds E`t`hns md <3 nen tdk` bds`r f`rn Vdku @huken Kdkb`eaue @huken Bdrmu`hnt`s, Bdrnegv`sn f`e Bdrnkp`m p`f` B`eas`. @l`r` Fnds E`t`hns fnbum` ghdj _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., sdh`mu Mggrfne`tgr _rgar`k KF. F`h`k s`kbut`eey` _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F.,kdkbdrnm`e `h`s`e mdan`t`e Vdku @huken kdei`fn `l`r` pgmgm f`rn Fnds E`t`hns m`hn nen. Bdhn`u kdeaueam`pm`e mdan`t`e
Vdku @huken kdrup`m`e s`h`j s`tu s`r`e` uetum kdkdeujn tna` pnh`r t`kb`j`e st`ef`r f`rn `mrdfnt`sn @@L\B y`ea tdh`j fns`ef`ea CDB TAK f`h`k tna` t`jue tdr`mjnr, Vna` _nh`r tdrsdbut `f`h`j Dea`adkdet, Neegv`tnge, f`e Nkp`lt \glndty. ‘Kdh`hun mdan`t`e nen j`r`p`e m`kn `m`e sdh`hu `f` negv`sn pdkbdh`i`r`e y`ea fnf`p`tm`e ghdj fgsde `huken _rgar`k KF. Fdea`e mdan`t`e nen `m`e tdri`hne Dea`adkdet `et`r` nestntusn nen f`e nestntusn p`r` `huken, mdkufn`e tdetu s`i` j`r`p`eey` `f`h`j p`r` `huken `m`e kdkbdrn f`kp`m y`ea b`nm mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t,‛ idh`s _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F. \ntn @ns`j B`uw s`h`j sdgr`ea `huken _rgar`k KF CDB y`ea s``t nen bdrs`tus sdb`a`n fgsde tdt`p fn C`muht`s Dmgegkn, Tenvdrsnt`s _`pu` kdea`mu kdr`s` b`j`an` fdea`e `l`r` Vdku @huken tdrsdbut. Kdeurutey` mdan`t`e nen s`ea`t bdrk`e``t, b`nm f`rn snsn prgdsney` sdb`a`n sdgr`ea fgsde iua` sdb`a`n `i`ea mdmdr`b`t`e sds`k` `huken. ‘\`y` sdea`i` kdhu`eam`e w`mtu uetum kdeaj`fnrn mdan`t`e nen. \dkne`rey` s`ea`t bdrbgbgt f`e bdrk`e``t, iua` su`s`e` mdmdr`b`t`ey` s`ea`t tdr`s` sdm`hn,‛ ueam`p `huken K`anstdr Nhku Dmgegkn CDB TAK `eam`t`e 2??>. @l`r` iua` fnr`k`nm`e fdea`e b`z`r bumu, jnbur`e, st`ef f`rn bdrb`a`n pdedrbnt bumu. (@h)
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr \`nes & Fgmtgr
_RGAR@K KF CDB KDHTHT\M@E H@AN 6 FGMVGR F@E 2> QN\TF@Q@E
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rgar`k K`anstdr f`e Fgmtgr (KF) CDB TAK kdhuhusm`e tna` fgmtgr f`rn _rgar`k \tufn K`e`idkde, s`tu fgmtgr f`rn _rgar`k \tufn Nhku Dmgegkn, f`e 2: wnsuf`w`e _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes p`f` buh`e Gmtgbdr 2?03. Fgmtgr y`ea fnhuhusm`e `et`r` h`ne pdrt`k` Jnf`i`t Jdefr`si`j p`f` < Gmtgbdr 2?03 sdtdh`j kdkpdrt`j`em`e fnsdrt`sney` y`ea bdriufuh Jubuea`e Murv` Hnendr `et`r` R`s` _drl`y` Netr` Vnk f`e Negv`sn Vnk9 _dr`e _dkgfdr`sn`e Mgkphdmsnt`s Vua`s Vnk. Fgmtgr mdfu` `f`h`j Rden Rgs`rn fdea`e fnsdrt`sney` y`ea bdr iufuh _deadkb`ea _deadkb`ea`e `e f`e S`hnf`sn _de-
t`sn _dea`ruj Netdesnt`s M`pnt`h Vdrj`f`p Edr`l` Vr`es`msn Bdri`h`e Eda`r` @\D@E +39 _defdm`t`e fdea`e Kgfdh _`edh Fne`knm. F`rn 2: wnsuf`w`e/wnsuf`w`tn prgar`k y`ea fnhdp`s tdrsdbut, 2 gr`ea fn`et`r`ey` fney`t`m`e fney`t`m`e huhus fdea`e prdfnm`t lukh`ufd y`ntu Fdsn Rn`eneasnj J`ry`tn _`r`strn f`rn _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes @mut`esn fdea`e enh`n N_M <.> f`e Rukn`tn fdea`e enh`n N_M <.:>, iua` f`rn _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes @muet`esn. @muet`esn. F`h`k pdey`kp`n`eeey` _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., iua` kde`kb`jm`e j`r`p`e f`e pds`e mdp`f` wnsuf`w`e/wnsuf`w`tn
_rgar`k KF CDB TAK f`h`k bdbdr`p` bdbdr`p` t`jue tdr`mjnr, y`ntu nkp`lt, dea`adkdet f`e neegv`tnge. J`r`p`eey` `a`r `huken _rgar`k KF CDB TAK kdkbdrnm`e nkp`m b`an gr`ea h`ne sdjneaa` nkp`lt tdrsdbut `m`e kdkbdetum dea`adkdet, b`a`nk`e` `huken kdelur`jm`e sda`h` pdeadt`ju`e f`e pnmnr`e mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t hu`s `a`r hdbnj bdrmu`hnt`s, prgsds tdrsdbut `m`e tdrus kdkpdrb`nmn fnrn `huken kde i`fn hdbnj b`nm h`an sdjneaa` kdelnpt`m`e neegv`tnge. ‘Fnsnen `ef` fnh`tnj fdea`e prgsds y`ea mdt`t f`e mdr`s, nb`r`t kdkdr`j idrum, `ef` sdf`ea fnpdr`j, iustru ntuh`j netn-
aumur`e Mdpdknhnm`e _snmghganm`h _`f` Mgetdms Buf`y` I`w` fn Nefgedsn` y`ea fnpdrt`j`em`eey` f`h`k uin`e tdrbum` prgkgsn fgmtgr p`f` 1 Gmtgbdr 2?03. Vdr`mjnr `f`h`j Kuj`kk`f Y`my y`ea kdedhntn kdeade`n M`r`mtdrnstnm _dmdri``e, _gsntnvd Kggfs, f`e Mrd`tnnt`s9 _deauiu`e Kuhtn-hdvdh f`e Hnet`s-hdvdh fnpdrt`j`em`e p`f` uin`e tdrbum` prgkgsn fgmtgr 26 Gmtgbdr 2?03. \dkdet`r` 2> gr`ea wnsuf`w`e/ wnsuf`w`tn _rgar`k KF CDB TAK fnhdp`s p`f` `l`r` Ar`fu`tnge Ldrdkgey y`ea fn adh`r fn @ufntgrnuk BRN Adfuea KF, 0> Gmtgbdr 2?03. F`rn 2> wnsuf`w`e/ wnsuf`w`tn, tdrfnrn 2: gr`ea huhus`e _rgar`k K`anstdr fdea`e sdb`r`e, 06 gr`ea fn`et`r`ey` bdr`s`h f`rn _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes @muet`esn, 00 gr`ea bdr`s`h f`rn _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes K`e`idkde, f`e < gr`ea bdr`s`h f`rn _rgar`k K`anstdr \`nes Nhku Dmgegkn f`e 0 gr`ea _rgar`k Fgmtgr _rgar`k \tufn Nhku Dmgegkn y`ntu En _utu Qnwne \dty`rn fdea`e iufuh fnsdr-
`a`r kdeueium`e f`e kdkbdrnm`e nkp`m `t`u mgetrnbusn mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t, m`rde` kdeurut _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., `huken tnf`m j`ey` lumup kdei`fn pnet`r tdt`pn iua` j`rus kdei`fn gr`ea y`ea bdrenh`n. ‘J`r`p`e m`kn pdr iu`ea`e s`uf`r`-s`uf`rn tnf`m bdrjdetn p`f` tntnm nen, s`uf`r` j`rus kdeueium`e mgetrnbusn mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t iua` bdrk`e``t mdp`f` b`eas` f`e i`ea`e hup` uetum sdh`hu bdrjubuea`e fdea`e _rgar`k KF, b`nm f`h`k kdey`kp`nm`e pdrmdkb`ea`e m`rnr s`uf`r` `t`upue kdkbdrnm`e k`sum`e mdp`f` _rgar`k KF y`ea mnt` lnet`n nen,‛ m`t` _rg. Igany`etg J`rtgeg, KB@., _j.F., kdeutup h`pgr`eey`. BK _urw`etg, KB@., _j.F. sdh`mu Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea @m`fdknm f`e Mdk`j`snsw``e CDB TAK f`h`k s`kbut`e p`f` `l`r` Ar`fu`tnge Ldrdkgey tdrsdbut kdeidh`sm`e kdeade`n tna` t`kb`j`e pnh`r b`ru f`rn hdkb`a` `mrdfnt`sn fuen` @@L\B y`ea tdh`j fns`ef`ea
s`rn f`rn fnrn `ef` y`ea mdkufn`e `m`e kdeydj`tm`e b`an gr`ea h`ne, ntuh`j y`ea fnsdbut nkp`lt,‛ m`t` BK _urw`etg, KB@., _j.F. \dh`eiutey` BK _urw`etg, KB@., _j.F. kdey`kp`nm`e j`h y`ea fnbutujm`e `huken `a`r k`kpu bdrmgetrnbusn, y`ntu sgc smnhh mdwnr`us`j``e, dtnm` f`e mgkntkde, iua` mdk`kpu`e lgkputnea smnhh f`e `e`hnsns f`t` uetum kdkb`etu f`h`k pdea`kbnh`e mdputus`e y`ea b`nm. \`kbut`e tdr`mjnr fns`kp`nm`e ghdj Fdsn Rn`eneasnj J`ry`tn _`r`strn sdh`mu pdrw`mnh`e f`rn Qnsuf`w`e/Qnsuf`w`tn. F`h`k s`kbut`eey` Fdsn kdeaueam`pm`e r`s` tdrnk`m`snj f`e pdeaj`ra``e y`ea tneaan mdp`f` fgsde _rgar`k KF CDB TAK y`ea tdh`j kdkbnkbnea, kdkbdrnm`e nespnr`sn, f`e kdkbdrnm`e pdea`i`r`e fdea`e l`r` y`ea kde`rnm sdjneaa` kuf`j uetum fnp`j`kn k`j`snsw` f`h`k mdan`t`e bdh`i`r sdh`k` kdedkpuj pdefnfnm`e fn _rgar`k KF CDB TAK.(@h)
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr @muet`esn
_dh`tnj`e Vdmens Vdmens Mdri`s`k` K`anstdr @muet`esn f`e _dkdrnet`j _rgvnesn _`pu`
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db`a`n s`h`j s`tu bdetum pdea`bfn`e tdrj`f`p k`sy`r`m`t mjususey` uetum Nefgedsn` Vnkur, _rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn kdei`hne mdri`s`k` fdea`e _dkdrnet`j F`dr`j _`pu` kdh`hun B_M@F _rgvnesn _`pu` f`e B_M@F M`bup`tde Knknm`. _dh`tnj`e tdmens y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e _rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn fdea`e B_M@F _rgvnesn _`pu` y`ntu Bnkbnea`e Vdmens _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j p`f` t`eaa`h 23 “ 21 @austus 2?03. Bnkbnea`e tdmens nen kdkb`j`s kdeade`n _dea`et`r @muet`esn @mru`h fn _dkdrnet`j F`dr`j, \nmhus H`pgr`e Mdu`ea`e, @muet`esn _def`p`t`e, @muet`esn Bdb`e f`e Bdh`ei`, @muet`esn _drsdfn``e, @muet`esn @sdt Vdt`p f`e @muet`esn _nut`ea. E`r` sukbdr y`ea kdey`kp`nm`e k`tdrn tdrsdbut `f`h`j Nrw`e Vunq Rntgea`, \.D., K.Bus., _j.F., Q`w`e \dtn`w`e, K.\n., @m., L@., f`e Djrk`ee \uj`rtgeg, \.D., K.\n. _dh`tnj`e tdmens y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e _rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn fdea`e B_M@F M`bup`tde Knknm` y`ntu _dh`tnj`e Vdmens _de`t`us`j``e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j f`e _de`t`us`j``e B`r`ea Knhnm F`dr`j p`f` t`eaa`h 3 “ > \dptdkbdr 2?03. _dh`tnj`e tdmens nen kdkb`j`s kdeade`n _dea`et`r @muet`esn @mru`h fn _dkdrnet`j F`dr`j, \nmhus H`pgr`e Mdu`ea`e, H`prg`e Mdu`ea`e _dkdrnet`j F`dr`j, @muet`esn kdhnputn _def`p`t`e, _nut`ea, Bdb`e f`e Bdh`ei`, @sdt Vdt`p, Mdw`inb`e f`e \nkuh`sn _deyusue`e H`pgr`e Mdu`ea`e. E`r` sukbdr f`h`k pdh`tnj`e tdmens nen `f`h`j _rg. Fr. @bfuh J`hnk, KB@., Nrw`e V`unq Rntgea`, \.D., K.Bus., _j.F., f`e Djrk`ee \uj`rtgeg, \.D., K.\n. Bnkbnea`e tdmens f`e pdh`tnj`e tdmens nen fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e fdea`e tuiu`e f`p`t kdkbdrnm`e t`kb`j`e mdtdr`kpnh`e pdsdrt` f`h`k bdmdri` fn nest`esn pdkdrnet`j`e mjususey` f`h`k bnf`ea `muet`esn.
_dhdp`s`e Qnsuf`w`e K`anstdr @muet`esn CDB TAK _drngfd Gmtgbdr 2?03
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rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn mdkb`hn kdh`ms`e`m`e pdhdp`s`e wnsuf` sdb`ey`m 16 k`j`snsw`, bdrtdkp`t fn _defgpg Qnsk` M`a`k` Tenvdrsnt`s A`f i`j K`f` p`f` t`eaa`h 0: Gmtgbdr 2?03. Fnj`fnrn ghdj Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea @sdt, Mdu`ea`e f`e \ukbdr F`y` K`eusn`, _rg. Fr. \h`kdt \uanrn, K.B.@., LK@., M`prgfn K`msn CDB TAK _rg. Fr. @bfuh J`hnk, K.B.@., @m., L@., \dmrdt`rns _rgfn K`msn CDB TAK Nrw`e Vunq Rntgea`, \.D., K.Bus., _j.F., L@ f`e ^uhn` @rnse`en Qnfy`eneasnj, KB@., _j.F,
Mggrfne`tgr Bnf`ea @fknenstr`sn f`e Mdu`ea`e. @l`r` nen iua` fnj`fnrn ghdj w`mnh nest`esn pdeanrnk k`j`snsw` tua`s bdh`i`r `et`r` h`ne Mdp`h` _drw`mnh`e B_M_ FN^, Q`mnh Bup`tn _dkdrnet`j F`dr`j B`rntg Vnkur, Nespdmtgr`t Mh`tde f`e _drw`mnh`e Mgpdrtns Qnh`y`j SNN. F`rn 16 wnsuf`w`e, <2 gr`ea kdrup`m`e k`j`snsw` tua`s bdh`i`r \V@R B_M_. _rdfnm`t luk h`ufd fnr`nj ghdj @jk`f @ke`e fdea`e N_M <.:3, sdf`eam`e huhus`e fdea`e w`mtu stufn p`hnea ldp`t fnr`nj ghdj
Kgj`kk`f @jh`h Cnrf`us fdea`e h`k` stufn 0 t`jue 4 buh`e f`e huhus`e tdrkuf` fnr`nj ghdj Rn`e` K`jurgj fdea`e usn` s``t wnsuf` `f`h`j 26 t`jue. _`f` prnesnpey`, pnj`m _rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn iua` kdey`kp`n kdey`kp`nm`e m`e j`r`p`e mdp`f` `huken uetum tdt`p kdei`a` e`k` b`nm `hk`k`tdr f`e kde i`hne mgkuenm`sn mgkuenm`sn fdea`e fdea`e pnj`m _rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn @muet`esn..
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr @muet`esn
Bnkbnea`e Vdmens Vdmens _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e f`e B`r`ea F`dr`j M`bup`tde Bgagr
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rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens TAK bdmdri`s`k` fdea`e Fne`s _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e f`e B`r`ea F`dr`j (FBMBF) M`bup`tde Bgagr kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e mdan`t`e mdr i`s`k` pdefnfnm`e ege-adh`r fdea`e fdea`e iufuh Bnkbnea`e Vdmens _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j p`f` _dkdrnet`j M`bup`tde Bgagr. Bnkbnea`e tdmens tdmens nen bdrh`easuea bdrh`easuea tna` j`rn, j`rn, y`ntu p`f` j`rn \dh`s`-M`kns, t`eaa`h 6-3 Gmtgbdr 2?03, bdrtdkp`t fn Tenvdrsnty Lhub Jgtdh TAK f`e fnnmutn ghdj 32 pdsdrt` st`c f`rn Fne`s _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e f`e B`r`ea F`dr`j ( FBMBF ) M`bup`tde Bgagr. E`r`sukbdr f`h`k mdan`t`e nen `f`h`j _rgc. Fr. @bfuh J`hnk, KB@, Nrw`e V`ucnq Rntgea` , \D., K.Bus Djrk`e \uj`rtgeg, \D., K.\n, Q`w`e \dtn`w`e, K.\n., @mt., L@,., _j.F, _j. F, Y`neuh C`nzde J`z`, \. \.V V., K.V., K.V., _j.F, f`e B`rf` J`rt`e`, @.Kf. \dh`ne pdkbdrn`e k`tdrn fn mdh`s, p`r` pdsdrt` iua` kdh`mum`e stufn b`efnea pdeadhgh``e rdtrnbusn tdkp`t wns`t` fn Ag` _nefuh Aueuea Mnfuh ^gay`m`rt`.
_dh`tnj`e Vdmens Mdri`s`k` K`anstdr @muet`esn f`e _dkdrnet`j Mgt` B`ei`rk`sne
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rgar`k K`anstdr @muet`esn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens TAK `f`h`j s`h`j s`tu prgar`k stufn y`ea tdh`j tdr`mrdfnt`sn sdl`r` netdre`snge`h ghdj @@L\B ( Vjd @ssgln`tnge tg @fv`eld Lghhdan`td \ljgghs g Busnedss ). Tetum kdwuiufm`e s`h`j s`tu Vrn Fj`rk` _drauru`e Vneaan, y`ntu pdea`bfn`e mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t, k`m` _rgfn K`anstdr @muet`esn CDB TAK sdk`mne kdkpdrhu`s mdri`s`k` fdea`e pdkdrnet`j f`dr`j fn sdhuruj Nefgedsn`. Mdr i`s`k` nen f`h`k bdetum pdefnfnm`e egeadh`r y`ntu prgar`k bnkbnea`e tdmens/wgrmsjgp.
\`h`j s`tu pdkdrnet`j f`dr`j y`ea b`ru s`i` kdei`hne mdri`s`k` fdea`e _rgfn K`anstdr @muet`esn `f`h`j _dkdrnet`j Mgt` B`ei`rk`sne kdh`hun F_M@F f`e Fne`s _def`p`t`e F`dr`j (Fnspdef`) Mgt` B`ei`rk`sne. Bdrs`k` fdea`e F_M@F Mgt` B`ei`rksne, K`anstdr @muet`esn kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e bnkbnea`e tdmens _deadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j Bdrb`sns @mru`h f`e _dkdrnms``e _`i`m F`dr`j p`f` t`eaa`h 0:-0> @austus 2?03 f`e p`f` 04 “ 03 \dptdkbdr 2?03. Bdetum mdri`s`k` fdea`e Fnspdef` B`ei`rk`sne `f`h`j pdh`ms`-
e``e bnkbnea`e tdmens pdeadhgh``e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j Bdrb`sns @mru`h f`e _dkdrnms``e _`i`m F`dr`j p`f` t`eaa`h 2? “ 20 Gmtgbdr 2?03. Bnkbnea`e tdmens nen fnnmutn ghdj 0> gr`ea st` f`rn Fne`s _def`p`t`e F`dr`j Mgt` B`ei`rk`sne. E`r`sukbdr f`h`k mdan`t`e nen `f`h`j _rg. Fr. @bfuh J`hnk, KB@, Nrw`e V`unq Rntgea`, \D., K.Bus. _j.F., f`e Djrk`e Djrk`e \uj`rtgeg, \D., K.\n.
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr K`e`idkde
_deutup`e Busnedss Hd`fdrsjnp Fdvdhgpkdet _rgar`k (BHF_) (BHF_) _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg)
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usnedss Hd`fdrsjnp Fdvdhgpkdet _rgar`k (BHF_) uetum _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg) tdh`j fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e fdea`e sumsds kuh`n t`eaa`h 2> K`rdt s`kp`n fdea`e 02 @austus 2?03. @l`r` pdeutup`e fnh`ms`e`m`e fn M`kpus _rgar`k K`anstdr K`e`idkde C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` p`f` t`eaa`h 02 @austus 2?03. @l`r` tdrsdbut fnj`fnrn ghdj I. Fwn \uhnstnyg, Lgrpgr`td Fdputy Fnrdltgr Vr`nenea `ef Dful`tnge Nr. J. Fiu`ef` _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg). F`h`k s`kbut`eey` Fwn kdea`t`m`e b`jw` pdsdrt` j`rus kdey`f`rn `f`ey` tuetut`e y`ea tneaan uetum kdkpdrt`j`em`e f`e kdeneam`tm`e mnedri` y`ea sdh`k` nen tdh`j fnl`p`n ghdj i`i`r`e k`e`idkde _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg). \dh`eiutey` Fwn kdey`kp`nm`e `prdsn`sn mdp`f` p`r` pdsdrt` y`ea tdh`j bdrj`snh kdeydhds`nm`e prgar`k nen fdea`e b`nm, ‘K`e`adkdet kdey`kp`nm`e `prdsn`sn uetum sdhuruj pdsdrt`, m`rde` uetum f`p`t kdeanmutn f`e huhus prgar`k nen fnbutujm`e mgkntkde y`ea tneaan, b`nm w`mtu k`upue mdk`u`e bd-
h`i`r, fn tdea`j bdrb`a`n tuetut`e pdmdr i``e y`ea bdantu tneaan,‘ tneaan,‘ idh`sey`. Fwn Fwn iua` bdrj`r`p nhku f`e pdea`h`k`e y`ea y`ea fnpdrghdj f`h`k prgar`k nen `m`e bdrk`e``t uetum pdeadkb`ea`e fnrn f`e m`rnr sdhuruj pdsdrt`. \de`f` fdea`e Fwn, V. J`en J`efgmg, Fnrdmtur KK CDB TAK iua` kdey`kp`nm`e b`jw` BHF_ nen fnr`el`ea sdl`r` netdar`tn f`e mgkprdjdesn, kdhnputn mdpdknkpne`e p`f` hdvdh b`w`j, hdvdh kdedea`j, f`e hdvdh `t`s. _rgar`k pdeadkb`ea`e mdpdknkpne`e y`ea bdrsn`t fdknmn`e `m`e s`ea`t kdkb`etu _V. M@N f`h`k kdeldt`m f`e kdei`kne mdtdrsdfn``e m`fdr pnkpne`e fn k`s` fdp`e sdjneaa` f`p`t kdei`kne mdbdrh`eiut`e f`e mdbdrsne`kbuea`e (sust`ne`bnhnty) prgar`k tr`esgrk`sn bnsens f`e gra`ens`sn _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg), ‘BHF_ bdrtuiu`e uetum kdefnfnm, kdkpdrsn`pm`e f`e kdeadkb`eam`e m`fdr
pnkpne`e _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg) y`ea fnprgydmsnm`e `m`e kdefufumn pgsnsn \dengr K`e`adkdet ,‛ ,‛ h`eiutey`. F`h`k mdsdkp`t`e tdrsdbut, Dfn _r`sdtyg Euargjg, Mggrfne`tgr BHF_ f`rn DF_ KK CDB TAK kdey`kp`nm`e b`jw` _rgar`k _deadkb`ea`e Mdpdknkpne`e Bnsens (Busnedss Hd`fdrsjnp Fdvdhgpkdet _rgar`k) kdrup`m`e s`h`j s`tu pnh`r ut`k` kdwuiufm`e tdrl`p`ney` tuiu`e f`e s`s`r`e tr`esgrk`sn _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg). J`h nen fnpdrhum`e uetum kdkpdrt`j`em`e f`e kdeneam`tm`e mnedri` y`ea sdh`k` nen tdh`j fnl`p`n ghdj _V Mdrdt` @pn Nefgedsn` (pdrsdrg). \`kbut`e f`rn Dfn fn`mjnrn fdea`e pdk`p`r`e h`pgr`e mdan`t`e sdrt` dv`hu`sn, fdkn pdeneam`t`e mu`hnt`s prgar`k sdh`eiutey`.
DZDLTVNSD \DRND\9 VJD 20\V LDEVTR^ LJ@HHDEAD\ @EF G__GRVTENVND\ NE GRA@ENY@VNGE GRA@ENY@VN GE @EF HD@FDR\JN_
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`rfn`etg I`te`, \D., KK., Fdputn Fnrdmtur p`f` Fnvnsn Rdkuedr`tnge & JR Negrk`tnge f`e Busnedss _`rtedr B`em Nefgedsn`, kdeansn `adef` Dxdlutnvd \drnds f`h`k r`eam`n`e mdan`t`e Hd`fdrsjnp _gtdetn`h Rdvndw (H_R) b`an k`j`snsw` `eam`t`e `eam`t`e 3> KK CDB TAK ^gay`m`rt`. Dxdlutnvd \drnds m`hn nen fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e p`f` \`btu, 21 @austus 2?03 fn @ufntgrnuk \um`fin R`euwnj`rfig. Fn j`f`p`e mur`ea hdbnj 2?? k`j`snsw`, s`h`j s`tu `huken tdrb`nm KK CDB TAK tdrsdbut kdkb`w`m`e tdk` ‘Vjd 20st Ldetury Lj`hhdeads `ef Gppgrtuentnds ne Gra`enz`tnge `ef Hd`fdrsjnp‛. Vdp`t p`f` pumuh ?>.?? QNB, B`yu \utnmeg, _j.F. sdh`mu Fdputn Fnrdmtur Bnf`ea @m`fdknm f`e Mdk`j`snsw``e KK CDB TAK ^gay`m`rt` kdkbum` `l`r` fdea`e s`kbut`e
sneam`t f`e pdeydr`j`e sguvdenr mdp`f` pdkbnl`r`. Fdea`e fnkgfdr`tgrn ghdj ^ustn` Dm`rne` K`y`ea \`rn f`rn mdh`s Netdre`snge`h 3:, K`rfn`etg kdea`i`m p`r` k`j`snsw` uetum kdhnj`t degkde` y`ea tdri`fn fn `b`f 20 f`e kdkb`efneam`eey` fdea`e f`s`w`rs`-f`s`w`rs` sdbdhukey`. Cdegkde`-degkde` y`ea kueluh f`p`t fnmdhgkpgmm`e kdei`fn 3 m`tdagrn9 ahgb`hns`sn, mrnsns hneamuea`e, nefnvnfu`hns`sn f`e phur`hnskd enh`n dr` fnant`h, pdrub`j`e fdkgar`ns, f`e mgevdradesn tdmeghgan. \df`eam`e f`h`k gra`ens`sn y`ea `f` fn `b`f 20 hdbnj kdedm`em`e bdrsn`t f`t`r, ldp`t, f`e tnf`m gmus p`f` strumtur jndr`rmn fnb`efneam`e fdea`e `b`f 0> y`ea ldefdruea bdrtneam`t f`e bdrf`s`r p`f` pdrnet`j `t`s`e. Nenh`j y`ea mdkufn`e kdh`jnrm`e nstnh`j pdknkpne `htrgsdetrns.
_dknkpne nen sdtnf`mey` kdknhnmn dkp`tn, pdfuhn `m`e mdbdr`a`k`e, f`e k`kpu bdmdri`s`k` fdea`e sn`p`pue t`ep` b`t`s. @etusn`skd p`r` k`j`snsw` tdrhnj`t mdtnm` kdrdm` fnbdrnm`e mdsdkp`t`e uetum kdea`ium`e pdrt`ey``e mdp`f` K`rfn`etg. Dxdlutnvd \drnds uetum sdsn H_R tdrsdbut fn`mjnrn p`f` pumuh 00.?? QNB.
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr K`e`idkde
_RD\V@\N K@J@\N\Q@9 _RD\V@\N VNK B@\DH KK TAK IT@R@N L@HH CGR _@_DR NMEB GIM
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`b`r b`j`an` mdkb`hn fnbdrnm`e Vnk B`sdh y`ea bdr`eaagt`m`e B`a`s \dtn`in (IGA-RDA-34), Br`k`ety` J`rnkurtn (IGA-RDA-34) f`e Vrn`e` (IGA-RDA-33). M`hn nen, tnk bdrj`snh kdr`nj Iu`r` 0 L`hh gr _`pdr Hgkb` M`ry` Vuhns Nefustrn Mdu`ea`e Ege B`em (NMEB). Mgkpdtnsn nen fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e ghdj Gtgrnt`s I`s` Mdu`ea`e (GIM) sdh`mu pdea`tur f`e pdea`w`s Nefustrn Mdu`ea`e Ege B`em (NMEB). F`rn 040 p`pdr y`ea kdeanmutn mgkpdtnsn tdrsdbut, Vnk B`sdh k`sum sdb`a`n 1 bds`r y`ea tdrpnhnj uetum kdkprdsdet`snm`e m`ry` tuhnsey`. Mgkpdtnsn y`ea bdrh`easuea t`eaa`h 01-0: Gmtgbdr 2?03 nen fntutup fdea`e pdeaukuk`e Iu`r` 0 fn `et`r` 1 m`ry` tuhns y`ea fnprdsdet`snm`e. Vnk B`sdh kdkprdsdet`sn m`ry` tuhns y`ea bdriufuh ‘\tr`tdan _deau`t`e \dmtgr NMEB kdh`hun Nensn`sn _rgar`k E`snge`h @msdhdr`sn Nefustrn _ddr tg _ddr Hdefnea ‛. M`efnf`t hgkb` m`ry` tuhns nen tdrfnrn f`rn bdrb`a`n m`h`ea`e kuh`n f`rn `m`fdknsn, prgdsnge`h f`e k`j`snsw`. Mgkpdtnsn bdrh`easuea p`f` t`eaa`h t`eaa`h 01 Gmtgbdr 2?03 fn Jgtdh Bgrgbufur I`m`rt` f`rn pumuh 029?? QNB jneaa` 2<9?? QNB. Fdw`e iurn bdr`s`h f`rn pdrw`mnh`e
nest`esn-nest`esn, `et`r` h`ne9 Mdkdetdrn`e Mdu`ea`e RN, _drs`tu`e @mtu`rns Nefgedsn`, Nestntut _drt`en`e Bgagr, @sgsn`sn _drus`j``e _dk-
bn`y``e Nefgedsn` f`e Fnrdmtgr Fnrdmtgr`t `t \t`tnstnm f`e Negrk`sn NMEB. F`h`k prdsdet`sn, Vnk B`sdh KK TAK kdef`p`tm`e egkgr uefn`e md-4 y`ea kdkprdsdet`snm`e m`ry` tuhnsey` p`f` pumuh 2?9??-2?964 QNB. @l`r` mdkufn`e fntutup p`f`
mddsgm`e j`rney`, t`eaa`h 0: Gmtgbdr 2?03 fn M`etgr Gtgrnt`s I`s` Mdu`ea`e _us`t y`ea fn`mjnrn fdea`e pdeutup`e f`e pdeaukuk`e iu`r`. Vnk B`sdh bdrj`snh kdeaumnr prdst`sn b`ru fdea`e Iu`r` 0, mdkufn`e fnsusuh ghdj Dhs` _usp` \nhvn`, Dhk` ^uent` f`e Kuj`kk`f \y`ksufne, _j.F. f`rn _us`t _dkgfdh`e K`tdk`tnm` f`e \nkuh`sn (_2K\) NVB sdb`a`n Iu`r` 2 f`e Iu`r` < fnr`nj ghdj m`ry`w`e f`rn @sur`esn Q`j`e` V`t` f`e k`j`snsw` N_B. \df`eam`e, Iu`r` J`r`p`e 0 fnr`nj ghdj tnk m`ry`w`e V@\_DE, Iu`r` J`r`p`e 2 fnr`nj ghdj m`ry`w`e VDHMGK sdrt` Iu`r` J`r`p`e < fnr`nj ghdj fgsde Tenvdrsnt`s Vruegigyg \ur`b`y`. \ ur`b`y`. _rdst`sn y`ea tdh`j fnr`nj nen fnj`r`pm`e kdkbdrnm`e kgtnv`sn b`an k`j`snsw` h`ne uetum kdel`p`n prdst`sn y`ea hdbnj ldkdrh`ea fn k`s` kdef`t`ea.
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e
Mueiuea`e KD_ CDB TAK md Tenvdrsnt`s Vdmeghgan K@R@ (TnVK) K`h`ysn`
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T@H@ HTK_TR “ \tufy Snsnt _rgar`k K`j`snsw` KD_ CDB TAK ar`k md Mu`h` Hukpur `m`e kdkbum` mdkb`hn mdri`s`k` `et`r` Tenvdrsnt`s Vdmeghgan K@R@ f`e bdbdr`p` m`etgr pdenh`n b`nm pdkdrnet`j f`e sw`st`. \tufy Snsnt _rgar`k _rgar`k kdhnb`tm`e k`j`snsw` f`rn mgesdetr`sn K`e`idkde @sdt _denh`n`e _rgpdrtn f`e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j y`ea fnf`kpnean ghdj \dmrdt`rns _rgar`k, Q`mjnf \h`kdt Lnptgeg, K.B.@., K._.K., _j.F f`e \t`c KD_. Kdrdm` bdrmdsdkp`t`e uetum kdeaueiuean C`muhtn \denbne` _dr`el`ea`e f`e Tmur Tenvdrsntn Vdmeghgan K@R@ (C\_T TnVK), Menajt `ef Cr`em sdb`a`n M`etgr _denh`n \w`st` f`e I`b`t`e _denh`n`e f`e _drmjnfk`t`e J`rt` (I__J) Qnh`y`j _drsdmutu`e Mu`h` Hukpur sdb`a`n M`etgr _denh`n _dkdrnet`j. Rgkbgea`e fns`kbut j`ea`t ghdj _rgc. \r. Fr. Fr. Ji. @bfuh J`fn E`w`wn Q`mnh Fdm`e Bnf`ea _dedhntn`e f`e Mdri`s`k` f`e p`r` fgsde fnru`ea kddtnea C\_T TnVK. F`h`k s`kbut`eey`, Q`mjnf \h`kdt Lnptgeg, K.B.@., K._.K., _j.F kdw`mnhn _deadhgh` _rgar`k KD_ CDB TAK, kdey`kp`nm`e b`jw` mueiuea`e m`hn nen bdrtuiu`e kdeaj`ea`tm`e mdkb`hn mdri`s`k` `et`r` fu` uenvdrsnt`s y`ea tdh`j tdri`hne sdi`m t`jue 2??:. F`h`k mueiuea`e k`j`snsw` iua`
fnbdrn mdsdkp`t`e bdrfnsmusn fdea`e K`j`snsw` C\_T TnVK uetum bdrtum`r pnmnr`e f`e s`hnea bdh`i`r tdet`ea pdenh`n`e fn Nefgedsn` f`e K`h`ysn`. Fnsmusn fnh`eiutm`e fdea`e De. C`nz`h bne Cu`f Mdtu` _us`t \tufn Dst`td K`e`idkde kdea`t`m`e ‘b`jw` sdgr`ea pdenh`n fn K`h`ysn` j`rus kdknhnmn b`lmarguef pdefnfnm`e y`ea hnendr f`rn tneam`t s`ri`e` jneaa` prgcdsn, j`h nen bdrbdf` fdea`e y`ea `f` fn Nefgedsn`.‛ \dh`ne md C\_T TnVK, k`j`snsw` iua` kdh`mum`e mueiuea`e md m`etgr i`s` pdenh`n sw`st` f`e pdkdrnet`j. K`j`snsw` kdeaueiuean m`etgr pdenh`n sw`st` tdrbds`r fn K`h`ysn` y`ntu, Menajt `ef Cr`em y`ea kdkpuey`n l`b`ea fnsdhuruj fuen` tdrk`sum Nefgedsn`. F`h`k pdrbnel`ea`e fdea`e Dxdlutnvd Fnrdltgr Menajt Menajt `ef Cr`em, Kr. Mdntj Gnn kde`w`rm`e mdsdkp`t`e b`an k`j `sn sw` KD_ KD _ CDB CD B T A K u e tu tu m k`-
a`ea fnm`etgr l`b`ea I`m`rt`, Kdf`e `t`u B`hn. Vdr`mjnr rgkbgea`e kdeaueiuean M`etgr I__J Qnh`y`j _drsdmutu`e Mu`h` Hukpur sdb`a`n m`etgr pdenh`n pdkdrnet`j. Fr Egrznj` Y`ne sdh`mu _dea`r`j _denh`n Edarn kdeade`hm`e I__J bdrsdrt` fnvnsney`, mdan`t`e pdenh`n`e y`ea fnt`ea`en sdrt` t`et`ea`e y`ea fnj`f`pn. M`hn nen k`j`snsw` bdrmdsdkp`t`e uetum kdeagbsdrv`sn h`easuea mdan`t`e \t`c fnm`etgr I__J. Q`mjnf \h`kdt Lnptgeg, kdey`kp`nm`e mdtdrt`rnm`e _rgfn uetum bdmdri`s`k` fdea`e I__J tdrut`k` fdea`e fnvnsn E@_NL (E`tnge`h (E`tnge`h _rgpdrty _ghnly Ldetdr ) tdrm`nt fdea`e prgsds pdeaukpuh`e f`t` kdeade`n iu`h bdhn prgpdrtn y`ea tdh`j tdrnetdar`sn m`rde` f`t` kdeade`n tr`es`msn iu`h bdhn k`snj s`ea`t knenk fnf`p`tm`e fn Nefgedsn`. J`r`p`e mdfdp`e mdfu` bdh`j pnj`m, sdkga` `l`r` sdk`l`k nen f`p`t tdrus bdrmdkb`ea f`e fn`mjnr pdrtdku`e bdrmgkntkde fdea`e kdeaj`snhm`e bdbdr`p` mdsdp`m`t`e mdri`s`k` `m`fdknm y`ea `m`e fnh`ms`e`m`e ghdj mdfu` bdh`j pnj`m f`h`k w`mtu fdm`t. (KD_)
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e
_deutup`e JR _rgcdssnge`h Vr`nenea _V Edwkget Eus` Vdeaa`r`
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nrdmtur _rgar`k K`anstdr K`e` idkde C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (KK CDB TAK), J`en J`efgmg, kdeutup sdl`r` rdskn prgar`k Juk`e Rdsgurlds _rgdssnge`h Vr`nenea uetum _V Edwkget Eus` Vdeaa`r`. @l`r` pdeutup`e tdrsdbut fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e fn M`kpus KK CDB TAK p`f` t`eaa`h 06 @austus 2?03, f`e fnf`juhun mdan`t`e prdsdet`sn prgydm ghdj p`r` pdsdrt`, sdb`a`n b`an`e f`rn tua`s pdh`tnj`e. F`h`k mdsdkp`t`e tdrsdbut, @etge \uf`rnsk`e, _rnelnp`h @fvnsgr Juk`e Rdsgurlds _V EEV, kdeadkum`m`e b`jw` _V EEV tdh`j kdknhnj KK TAK sdb`a`n kntr` pdeydhdeaa`r` prgar`k nen m`rde` fnenh`n s`eaaup kdr`el`ea f`e kdei`h`em`e prgar`k pdh`tnj`e Juk`e Rdsgurld _rgdssnge`h y`ea tnf`m j`ey` kdel`mup `spdm tdgrn, kdh`nem`e iua` pdeua`s`e f`h`k bdetum prgydm. ‘\dtdh`j sdsn pdh`tnj`e fn mdh`s, Vnk DF_
KK CDB TAK k`upue `snhnt`tgr iua` kdkbdrnm`e dv`hu`sn f`e bnkbnea`e sdh`k` pdsdrt` kdeyusue f`e kdei`h`em`e r`el`ea`e prgydm y`ea bde`r-bde`r fnbutujm`e ghdj pdrus`j``e. _rgydm tdrsdbut fnprdsdet`snm`e fn fdp`e tnk pdeauin y`ea tdrfnrn f`rn pnj`m KK TAK k`upue `t`s`e‛ nkbuj @etge. \dkdet`r` ntu, F`f`ea _rn`fn, \dengr K`e`adr Juk`e Rdsgurlds _V EEV, kdeadkum`m`e b`jw` kgfdh pdkbdh` i`r`e ‚`ltnge hd`renea„ y`ea aue`m`e f`h`k pdh`tnj`e y`ea fn`snhnt`sn ghdj DF_ KK TAK nen kdrup`m`e l`r` y`ea p`hnea ddmtn uetum pdeadkb`ea`e fnrn. ‘ @ltnge hd`renea kdei`fnm`e pdkbdh`i`r tnf`m j`ey` fntuetut kdef`h`kn k`tdrn, e`kue iua` kdeankphdkdet`snm`e kdeankphdkdet`snm`e f`h`k pdmdrpdmdr i``e sdj`rn-j`rn,‛ sdj`rn-j`rn,‛ idh`sey`. F`f`ea mdkufn`e kdkbdrnm`e lgetgj, b`jw` pdea`h`k`e kdeanmutn prgar`k pdh`tnj`e fdea`e kdtgfd `ltnge hd`renea s`ea`t bdrk`e``t f`h`k kdeuei`ea m`rnrey`.
\df`eam`e R`anh \rnj`rtg, sdh`mu _rgidlt K`e`adr prgar`k pdh`tnj`e nen kdeidh`sm`e b`jw` pdh`ms`e``e pdh`tnj`e nen tdh`j kdeldrknem`e j`r`p`e pdrus`j``e kntr` uetum kdef`p`tm`e pdh`tnj`e y`ea kdedm`em`e mdsdnkb`ea`e `et`r` `spdm tdgrn f`e pr`mtnm. R`anh iua` kdeidh`sm`e b`jw` prgar`k nen fn`kpu ghdj fgsde-fgsde sdengr KK TAK, `et`r` h`ne J`en J`efgmg, \uhnstygw`tn, Auaup Mnsk`etg, Vur E`stntn, Rden Rgs`rn f`e fnmggrfne`snm`e ghdj Dre` M`rtnen, Mdp`h` B`an`e DF_ KKCDB TAK. F`h`k s`kbut`e pdeutup`e, J`en J`efgmg kdea`t`m`e b`jw` `huken prgar`k ege-fdardd `f`h`j iua` kdrup`m`e `huken KK CDB TAK. Tetum ntu, KK CDB TAK s`ea`t tdrbum` uetum kdedrnk` p`r` pdsdrt` Juk`e Rdsgurlds _rgds snge`h Vr`nenea _V Edwkget Eus` VdeaVdeaa`r` uetum mdkb`hn md m`kpus sdrt` sn`p kdkbdrnm`e h`y`e`e pdeadkb`ea`e dmsdmutn h`eiut`e. @l`r` fn`mjnrn fdea`e pdeydr`j`e sdrtnnm`t mdhuhus`e f`e gtg bdrs`k`.
NE-LH@\\ VR@NENEA \DMGH@J _@\@R KGF@H CNE@ELD LHTB9 F@RD VG BD NESD\VGR!
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deausuea tdk` ‘Ne-Lh`ss Vr`nenea9 F`rd tg bd Nevdstgr! ‛, Cne`eld Lhub KK CDB TAK ^gay`m`rt` mdkb`hn kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e \dmgh`j _`s`r Kgf`h b`an `eaagt` mhub f`e k`j`snsw` b`ru `eam`t`e 3>. \dpdrtn j`hey` pdeydhdeaa`r``e p`f` sdkdstdr sdbdhukey`, KK CDB TAK ^gay`m`rt` bdmdri`s`k` fdea`e _V F`e`rdms` \dmurnt`s uetum kdh`ms`e`m`e tr`nenea y`ea fnb`an kdei`fn < sdsn bdrbdf` tdrsdbut. _`f` mdsdkp`t`e m`hn nen, Dhtge Buyuea \. f`rn _V F`e`rdms` \dmurnt`s fnf`pum sdb`a`n
pdk`tdrn. _dsdrt` Ne-Lh`ss Vr`nenea _`s`r Kgf`h y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e p`f` M`kns, :, 04, f`e 22 \dptdkbdr 2?03 sdtn`p pumuh 0<.-03.?? QNB tdrsdbut fnb`t`sn jneaa` pdsdrt` `a`r f`p`t kdei`a` mu`hnt`s f`e mdddmtn`e pdkbdh`i`r`e. _`f` sdsn pdrt`k`, pdsdrt` kdkpdrghdj k`tdrn kdeade`n bdrb`a`n pdeade`h`e tdrj`f`p p`s`r kgf`h fnh`eiutm`e p`f` sdsn mdfu` fdea`e pdkb`j`s`e tdet`ea tdmens `e`hnsns uef`kdet`h f`e fntutup p`f` sdsn mdtna` fdea`e k`tdrn tdmenm `e`hnsns
tdmenm`h. Fdea`e kdeanmutn \dmgh`j _`s`r Kgf`h p`r` pdsdrt` fnj`r`pm`e hdbnj tdrt`rnm f`e bdr`en uetum kde i`fn nevdstgr fn p`s`r kgf`h kdh`hun pdeade`h`e tdrj`f`p kdm`enskd s`j`k f`e pdea`phnm`sn`e tdgrn uetum kdea`e`hnsns su`tu s`j`k pdrus`j``e-pdrus`j``e fn p`s`r kgf`h. \dh`ne ntu, pdsdrt` `m`e kdkpdrghdj pdk`j`k`e tdet`ea p`s`r kgf`h f`e kdm`enskd tr`es`msn s`j`k sdrt` f`p`t kdeagptnk`hm`e ueasn pgigm F`e`rdms` fn KK CDB TAK.
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e
Adhn`t JNKKD_ (Jnkpue`e K`j`snsw` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e)
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ra`ens`sn mdk`j`snsw``e JNKKD_ b`eamnt mdkb`hn sdtdh`j h`k` jnbdre`sn. Mnen s``tey` mnt` kdh`eiutm`e pdriu`ea`e y`ea tdh`j fnh`mum`e ghdj p`r` pdef`juhu lnvnt`s `m`fdknm` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e kdh`hun gra`ens`sn mdk`j`snsw``e9 Jnkpue`e K`j`snsw` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e (JNKKD_), ui`r Mdtu` _`entn` _dknhu JNKKD_ 2?03, I`hu @in _r`mgsg. H`eam`j `w`h tdh`j fnh`mum`e uetum kdea`mtnm`e mdkb`hn JNKKD_ y`ntu pdknhnj`e mdtu` ukuk JNKKD_ 2?03. _dknhu JNKKD_ fn`f`m`e p`f` t`eaa`h 24 Kdn 2?03 fdea`e kdeaaue`m`e suppgrtnea f`rn pdr`eam`t tdmeghgan negrk`sn `t`u d-_dknhu fnp`ef`ea sdb`a`n pdknhu y`ea lumup negv`tn, gbydmtn f`e fdkgmr`tns, sdjneaa` k`kpu kdeaj`snhm`e pnhnj`e mdtu`
ukuk y`ea sdsu`n fdea`e `spnr`sn sdhuruj k`j`snsw` KD_ CDB TAK sdl`r` tdp`t, ldp`t, f`e `mur`t. F`rn rdm`pntuh`sn su`r` _dknhu JNKKD_ 2?03, y`ea fn`f`m`e p`f` j`rn R`bu, 24 Kdn 2?03 pumuh ?:.??03.?? QNB fn sdh`s`r adfuea 2 KD_ CDB TAK kdeaj`snhm`e pdrghdj`e su`r` tdrb`ey`m 33 su`r` f`rn 032 su`r` s`j ghdj J`rfnk`esy`j. Vgt`h su`r` 03: su`r`, f`e su`r` tnf`m s`j (bdr`s`h f`rn pdr`eam`t y`ea bum`e fnsdfn`m`e p`entn`) sdb`ey`m 3. _dh`etnm`e _deaurus Jnkpue`e K`j`snsw` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e `t`u y`ea fnmde`h sdb`a`n JNKKD_ pdrngfd 2?03, fnh`mum`e ghdj Mdtu` _rgar`k \tufn K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e, _rg. Vrn Qnfgfg, _j.F. p`f` t`eaa`h 1 Gmtgbdr 2?03, fnf`kpnean ghdj @knruhh`j
\dty` J`rfn, _j.F. \dmrdt`rns _rgar`k \tufn Bnf`ea @m`fdknm, f`e Q`mjnf \h`kdt Lnptgeg, KB@., _j.F. \dmrdt`rns _rgar`k \tufn Bnf`ea Tkuk, \FK f`e Mdu`ea`e, sdrt` pdrw`mnh`e sdhuruj k`j`snsw` f`e m`ry`w`e KD_ CDB TAK _rgar`k mdri` pdrt`k` JNKKD_ tdh`j fn`f`m`e p`f` t`eaa`h 04 f`e 03 Gmtgbdr 2?03 y`ntu _dm`e Gh`jr`a` f`e \den (_G\D) 2?03. Dvdet Gh`jr`a` f`e \den nen kdkpdrt`efneam`e < l`b`ea gh`j r`a` (Cuts`h, B`fknetge, f`e Vdens Kdi`) f`e 0 l`b`ea sden (Cgtgar`n). Kdsmnpue b`ru pdrt`k` m`hn fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e, pdsdrt` b`nm k`j`snsw` k`upue st` KD_ kdeanmutn dvdet _G\D 2?03 fdea`e `etusn`s. _rg. Vrn Qnfgfg, K.Dl.Fdv., _j.F. sdb`a`n
M`b`r CDB | K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e
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ra`ens`sn mdk`j`snsw``e JNKKD_ b`eamnt mdkb`hn sdtdh`j h`k` jnbdre`sn. Mnen s``tey` mnt` kdh`eiutm`e pdriu`ea`e y`ea tdh`j fnh`mum`e ghdj p`r` pdef`juhu lnvnt`s `m`fdknm` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e kdh`hun gra`ens`sn mdk`j`snsw``e9 Jnkpue`e K`j`snsw` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e (JNKKD_), ui`r Mdtu` _`entn` _dknhu JNKKD_ 2?03, I`hu @in _r`mgsg. H`eam`j `w`h tdh`j fnh`mum`e uetum kdea`mtnm`e mdkb`hn JNKKD_ y`ntu pdknhnj`e mdtu` ukuk JNKKD_ 2?03. _dknhu JNKKD_ fn`f`m`e p`f` t`eaa`h 24 Kdn 2?03 fdea`e kdeaaue`m`e suppgrtnea f`rn pdr`eam`t tdmeghgan negrk`sn `t`u d-_dknhu fnp`ef`ea sdb`a`n pdknhu y`ea lumup negv`tn, gbydmtn f`e fdkgmr`tns, sdjneaa` k`kpu kdeaj`snhm`e pnhnj`e mdtu` ukuk y`ea sdsu`n fdea`e `spnr`sn sdhuruj k`j`snsw` KD_ CDB TAK sdl`r` tdp`t, ldp`t, f`e `mur`t. F`rn rdm`pntuh`sn su`r` _dknhu JNKKD_ 2?03, y`ea fn`f`m`e p`f` j`rn R`bu, 24 Kdn 2?03 pumuh ?:.??03.?? QNB fn sdh`s`r adfuea 2 KD_ CDB TAK kdeaj`snhm`e pdrghdj`e su`r` tdrb`ey`m tdrb`ey `m 33 su`r` f`rn 032 su`r` s`j ghdj J`rfnk`esy`j. Vgt`h su`r` 03: su`r`, f`e su`r` tnf`m s`j (bdr`s`h f`rn pdr`eam`t y`ea bum`e fnsdfn`m`e p`entn`) sdb`ey`m 3. _dh`etnm`e _deaurus Jnkpue`e K`j`snsw` K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e `t`u y`ea fnmde`h sdb`a`n JNKKD_ pdrngfd 2?03, fnh`mum`e ghdj Mdtu` _rgar`k \tufn K`anstdr Dmgegknm` _dkb`eaue`e, _rg. Vrn Qnfgfg, _j.F. p`f` t`eaa`h 1 Gmtgbdr 2?03, fnf`kpnean ghdj @knruhh`j \dty` J`r-
fn, _j.F. \dmrdt`rns _rgar`k \tufn Bnf`ea @m`fdknm, f`e Q`mjnf \h`kdt Lnptgeg, KB@., _j.F. \dmrdt`rns _rgar`k \tufn Bnf`ea Tkuk, \FK f`e Mdu`ea`e, sdrt` pdrw`mnh`e sdhuruj k`j`snsw` f`e m`ry`w`e KD_ CDB TAK TA K _rgar`k mdri` pdrt`k` JNKKD_ tdh`j fn`f`m`e p`f` t`eaa`h 04 f`e 03 Gmtgbdr 2?03 y`ntu _dm`e Gh`jr`a` f`e \den (_G\D) 2?03. Dvdet Gh`jr`a` f`e \den nen kdkpdrt`efneam`e < l`b`ea gh`j r`a` (Cuts`h, B`fknetge, f`e Vdens Kdi`) f`e 0 l`b`ea sden (Cgtgar`n). Kdsmnpue b`ru pdrt`k` m`hn fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e, pdsdrt` b`nm k`j`snsw` k`upue st` KD_ kdeanmutn dvdet _G\D 2?03 fdea`e `etusn`s. _rg. Vrn Qnfgfg, K.Dl.Fdv., _j.F. sdb`a`n Mdtu` _rgfn KD_ CDB TAK kdkbum` r`eam`n`e `l`r` _G\D 2?03. Nest`ar`k pj pjgtg gtg ar` pj pjyy lge tds t y`ea kdrup`m`e l`b`ea sden y`ea fnpdrhgkb`m`e f`h`k r`eam`n`e mdan`t`e _G\D 2?03, iua` fnnmutn ghdj pdsdrt` fdea`e `etusn`s. Cgtg y`ea fnhgkb`m`e fnueaa`j kdh`hun `phnm`sn nest`ar`k f`e fnt`ef`n fdea`e t`a`r #JNKKD_G\D2?03 f`e #JNKKD_TAK. _deiurn`e gtg y`ea fnh`mum`e ghdj netdre`h p`entn` _G\D 2?03 fdea`e lumup mdt`t kdeanea`t gtg y`ea fnhgkb`m`e s`ea`t mgkpdtntn. _rgar`k mdri` mdfu` y`ntu Tpar`fnea ne a JNKKD_. K`tdrn y`ea fns`kp`nm`e f`h`k upar`fnea sdsn pdrt`k` nen y`ntu \nstdk negrk`sn adgar`ns (\NA) f`s`r uetum pdenh`n`e prgpdrtn, pdrdel`e``e pdkb`eaue`e f`dr`j, f`e Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j y`ea fns`kp`nm`e ghdj K. Ljrnse` \`trn`a`s`. \dh`eiutey` `m`e fnh`ms`e`m`e upar`fnea sdsn
md-2 y`ea fnb`w`m`e ghdj Euargjg Qnseu Kurtn fdea`e k`tdrn @ufntnea. Fns`kpnea mdan`t`e fn f`h`k M`kpus, JNKKD_ iua` fnhnb`tm`e f`h`e mdan`t`e _dea`bfn`e mdp`f` K`sy`r`m`t. R`bu (2/00) JNKKD_ bdsdrt` _deadhgh`, H__K TAK f`e \t` KD_ CDB TAK f`e k`j`snsw` mgesdetr`sn KM@F (K`e`idkde Mdu`ea`e f`e @sdt F`dr`j) kdeaueiuean fds` bne``e KD_ CD_ TAK, Fds` B`ei`rgy`, Mdl`k`t`e M`hnb`w`ea, M`bup`tde Muhgeprgag. Mueiuea`e `w`h nen fnk`e``tm`e uetum kdh`mum`e nfdetnnm`sn pdrk`s`h`j`e y`ea e`etney` f`p`t kdei`fn prgar`k mdan`t`e y`ea bdrk`e``t b`an pdr`eam`t fds` B`e i`r gy` gh ghdj dj _`r` k` k`j` j`sns sns w` KD_ CD CDB B TAK. _deidh`s`e f`e fnsmusn sneam`t kdeade`n mgefnsn tdrmnen Fds` B`ei`rgy` f`e pdrk`s`h`j`e y`ea fnj`f`pn ghdj `p`r`t fds` tdrm`nt pdrdmgegkn`e, k`e`idkde `sdt fds`, f`e urus`e `fknenstr`sn fds` ghdj Mdp`h` Fds` B`ei`rgy`, @etge \uprnygeg f`e fnf`kpnean ghdj \dmdrt`rns Fds`, Kuj. I`znk. Fnsmusn sneam`t tdet`ea nfdetnnfdetnnm`sn pdrk`s`h`j`e k`e`idkde `sdt fds` f`e urus`e `fknenstr`sn fds` y`ea fnh`mum`e ghdj fdhda`sn k`j`snsw` KD_ CDB TAK fdea`e fnp`efu ghdj Jdmsn @eaagrgw`tn,\.Mgk, M`ur Tkuk Fds` B`ei`rgy`. (KD_)
M`b`r CDB | _rgcdsn @muet`esn
Cglus Argup Fnslussnge Fnslussnge @rsntdmtur @rsntdm tur _rgcdsn _rgcdsn @muet`e @muet`e
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`f` t`eaa`h 23 \dptdkbdr 2?03, _us`t _dkbne``e _rgdsn Mdu`ea`e Mdkdetdrn`e Mdu`ea`e Rdpubhnm Nefgedsn` bdrs`k` fdea`e _defnfnm`e _rgdsn @muet`e CDB TAK kdea`f`m`e mdan`t`e Cglus Argup Fnslussnge fdea`e b`j`s`e kdeade`n @rsntdmtur _rgdsn @muet`esn fn Nefgedsn`. Mdan`t`e nen fnh`ms`e`m`e fn _drt`kne` Vgwdr fdea`e fnj`fnrn ghdj 0< _V fn I`w` Vdea`j f`e FN^ sdrt` pdrw`mnh`e f`rn bdbdr`p` m`etgr `muet`e _ubhnm. Vuiu`e fnh`ms`e`m`eey` CAF nen `f`h`j uetum
kdei`rnea k`sum`e-k`sum`e kdeade`n b`a`nk`e`m`j `rsntdmtur prgdsn `muet`esn Nefgedsn` fn k`s` y`ea `m`e f`t`ea. \`kp`n s``t nen, Nefgedsn` k`snj bdhuk kdknhnmn `rsntdmtur prgdsn `muet`e sdb`a`n mdr`eam` f`s`r y`ea bdrsn`t kdeydhuruj f`e kdkbdrnm`e `r`j, bdetum f`e t`t`e`e b`an pdeadkb`ea`e prgdsn `muet`e Nefgedsn`. @rsntdmtur prgdsn `muet`e Nefgedsn` bdrtu iu`e uetum kdelnpt`m`e pdh`mu prgdsn `muet`e y`ea mgkpdtde f`e mrdfnbdh uetum kdkb`etu kdeneam`tm`e t`t` mdhgh`
dmgegkn y`ea dnsnde f`e tr`esp`r`e. Tetum kdkb`eaue pnh`r `rsntdmtur prgdsn `muet`e y`ea mu`t, Nefgedsn` pdrhu rdmgesnhn`sn, mggrfne`sn, snedran f`e j`rkgens`sn `et`r hdkb`a` edadr` sdrt` st`mdjghfdr y`ea bdrm`nt`e fdea`e prgdsn `muet`e fn`et`r`ey` nestntusn pdefnfnm`e f`e `sgsn`sn prgdsn. Ghdj m`rde` ntu, ___M bdrnensn`tn uetum kdefnsmusnm`e `rsntdmtur prgdsn `muet`e Nefgedsn` sdl`r` mgkprdjdesn f`h`k bdetum glus argup fnslussnge.
Tin`e \`rnea`e K`sum _defnfnm`e _rgcdsn @muet`e CDB TAK
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defnfnm`e _rgdsn @muet`e CDB TAK mdkb`hn kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e Tin`e \`rnea`e K`sum b`an l`hge k`j`snsw` b`ru _defnfnm`e _rgdsn @muet`e CDB TAK. Tin`e \`rnea`e K`sum p`f` t`eaa`h < f`e 6 Egvdkbdr 2?03 bdrbdf` fdea`e uin`e k`sum p`f` pdrngfd sdbdhukey`. Tin`e \`rnea`e K`sum p`f` pdrngfd sdbdhukey`, l`hge k`j`snsw` b`ru j`rus fnuin uetum k`t` muhn`j @mue-
t`esn Mdu`ea`e, @muet`esn K`e` idkde, \nstdk Negrk`sn @muet`e @muet`esn sn f`e _drp`i`m`e. E`kue uetum T\K pdrngfd b`ru pdsdrt` fnuin fdea`e kdeaaue`m`e `h`t umur _@_\ f`e VGDCH. _gtdesn @m`fdknm _`sl` \`r i`e` bdmdri` s`k` fdea`e C`muht C`muht`s `s _snmghgan TAK sdf`eam`e VGDCH bdmdri` s`k` fdea`e _2DB CDB TAK. _dsdrt` y`ea kdkdeujn smgr _@_\ f`e VGDCH tdrtdetu `m`e fntdrnk`
sdb`a`n k`j`snsw` k`trnmuh`sn __@m CDB TAK f`e `m`e kdkuh`n pdrmuhn`j`e k`trnmuh`sn p`f` 06 Egvdkbdr 2?03. \df`eam`e pdrmuhn`j`e rdauh`r `m`e fnkuh`n p`f` `mjnr I`eu`rn 2?03. Tin`e s`rnea`e k`sum __@m CDB TAK fnh`ms`e`m`e fn Ru`ea @ufng Snsu`h fdea`e fnnmutn ghdj 2: pdef`c`r`r f`rn bdrb`a`n pdrauru`e tneaan b`nm edadrn k`upue sw`st`.
M`b`r CDB | _rgcdsn @muet`esn
Qgrmsjgp _dea`i`r _dea`i`r`e `e _r`m _ r`mtnmuk tnmuk @m @ muet`esn f`e Tin Mgkpdtdesn @muet`esn
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r` b`ru y`ea fnsdbut K`sy`r`m`t Dmge Dm gegk gknn @\D@ @\D@E E (KD@ (KD@)) k d k u e l u h m ` e t`e `ett`e `ea a`e sd sdm` m`hn hnau auss mdsdkp`t`e b`an fuen` pdefnfnm`e `muet`esn fn pdrauru`e tneaan. Huhus`e `muet`esn fn Nefgedsn` fnj`r`pm`e k`kpu bdrmnpr`j f`e bdrs`nea fn tneam`t @\D@E kdh`hun pdeneam`t`e mgkpdtdesn f`e dtnm` bnsens bdrst`ef`r ahgb`h. Tetum kdel`p`n tuiu`e fn `t`s pdefnfnm`e `muet`esn fn pdrauru`e tneaan pdrhu bdr`f`pt`sn `a`r huhus`e `muet`esn kdknhnmn pdk`j`k`e y`ea sdnkb`ea `et`r` pdeadt`ju`e mgesdp f`e pdea`h`k`e. _dea`i`r`e _dea`i`r `e k`t`muhn`j-k`t`muhn`j `muet`esn, tdrut`k` fn k`t`muhn`j pdea`et`r, sdi`uj nen ldefdruea kdedr`pm`e snstdk mgevdesnge`h
y`ea sdfnmnt tdrh`hu kdentnm-bdr`tm`e pdeade`h`e mgesdp f`e st`ef`r sdjneaa` pdkbdh`i`r`e `muet`esn fnpdrtnkb`eam`e kgegtge, m`mu, s`tu `r`j, f`e tdr`s` i`uj tdrpns`j f`rn fuen` pr`mtnm. F`h`k prgsds pdkbdh`i`r`e, tnf`m sdfnmnt k`j`snsw` (b`nm `muet`esn k`upue ege-`muet`esn) kdkpdrsdpsnm`e pdrmuhn`j`e `muet`esn sdb`a`n j`h y`ea kdkbgs`em`e, tnf`m kdkbukn, `t`u b`jm`e sdmdf`r pdkdeuj`e tua`s `a`r f`p`t sdadr` hghgs f`e/`t`u huhus. Fntdea`r`n, sdb`an`e pdea`i`r `muet`esn iua` kdr`s`m` kdr`s`m`e e su`s`e` mdh`s y`ea mur`ea mgefusn f`h`k pdkbdh`i`r`e fn k`t`muhn`j-k`t`muhn`j `muet`esn. _`f` anhnr`eey`, tnf`m kuf`j uetum kdeagedmsnm`e f`e kdea`phnm`snm`e pdeadt`ju`e y`ea fn`i`r-
m`e fn mdh`s fdea`e y`ea tdrf`p`t fn fuen` bnsens k`upue fn mdjnfup`e ey`t`. _deadt`ju`e `muet`esn sd`m`e-`m`e j`ey` f`p`t fnj`fnrm`e fn f`h`k mdh`s. Tetum ntu, pdkbdh`i`r`e `muet`esn y`ea kdeydnkb`eam`e `et`r` pdeadt`ju`e mgesdp f`e pdea`h`k`e kdh`hun prgsds pdea` i`r`e fn k`t`m k`t`muhn`j uhn`j h`bgr`tgr h`bgr`tgrnuk nuk `muet`esn sdj`rusey` fnr`el`ea sdl`r` gptnk`h. Mdan`t`e Qgrmsjgp _dea`i`r`e _r`mtnmuk @muet`esn f`e Tin Mgkpdtdesn @muet`esn p`f` t`eaa`h 1-> \dptdkdbr 2?03 fnnmutn ghdj 006 pdsdrt` f`rn uesur fgsde f`e nestrumtur h`bgr`tgrnuk `muet`esn fn tneam`t pdrauru`e tneaan f`rn Kdf`e s`kp`n _`pu`. Fdea`e t`ium Tpar`fnea Megwhdfad Tpsl`hnea Dxpdrndeld wgrmsjgp nen kdrup`m`e mdri`s`k` H`bgr`tgrnuk @muet`esn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f`, _defnfnm`e _rgar`k _rgdsn @muet`e C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` f`e Nm`t`e @muet`e Nefgedsn` wnh`y`j ^gay`m`rt`. E`r`sukbdr y`ea j`fnr f`h`k `l`r` nen fn`et`r`ey` `f`h`j Frs. H`eaadea \ubur, KB@, L@, @mt, y`ea bdrbnl`r` kdeade`n pdetneaey` sdrtnnm`sn fn dr` KD@. \df`eam`e _rg. Fr. Vrn Qnfgfg, K. Dl,Fdv bdrbnl`r` kdeade`n Nefgedsn` fn Dr` KD@. _`f` j`rn tdr`mjnr (Iuk`t, > \dptdkbdr 2?03), sdku` pdsdrt` kdeanmutn uin mgkpdtdesn b`nm sdl`r` lgkputdrnzdf k`upue sdl`r` k`eu`h.
M`b`r CDB | _rgcdsn @muet`esn
_dh`tnj`e @muet`esn Mdu`ea`e F`dr`j Bdrb`sns @mru`h _dkf` M`bup`tde K`adt`e
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dus`n `k`e`t TT Egkgr 0 V`jue 2??6 tdet`ea _drbdef`j`r``e Eda`r` y`ea kdea`tur pdeaaue``e b`sns `mru`h f`h`k snstdk `muet`esn mdu`ea`e pdkdrnet`j, s``t nen fnmdhu`rm`e __ Egkgr 10 t`jue 2?0? tdet`ea \t`ef`r @muet`esn _dkdrnet`j`e(\@_) sdb`a`n pdeaa`etn __ Egkgr 26 V`jue 2??4 tdet`ea \t`ef`r @muet`esn _dkdrnet`j`e y`ea kdeaaue`m`e b`sns m`s kdeuiu b`sns `mru`h ( l`sj tgw`rf `llru`h ). Mueln mdbdrj`snh`e pdedr`p`e b`sns `mru`h p`f` pdkdrnet`j f`dr`j s`h`j s`tuey` fntdetum`e ghdj sukbdr f`y` k`eusn` f`e sdb`a`n s`h`j s`tu up`y` uetum kdeneam`tm`e mgkpdtdesn sukbdr f`y` k`eusn` f`h`k pdead-
hgh``e mdu`ea`e sdmtgr pubhnm fn`et`r`ey` `f`h`j mgh`bgr`sn `et`r` pdkdrnet`j f`dr`j fdea`e pdrauru`e tneaan. Vdrm`nt fdea`e j`h tdrsdbut, __@m CDB TAK bdmdri`s`k` fdea`e _dkdrnet`j Mdbup`tde K`adt`e kdeydhdeaa`r`m`e pdh`tnj`e pde`t`us`j`e mdu`ea`e bdrb`sns `mru`h. _dh`tnj`e nen bdrh`easuea f`rn t`eaa`h 26-21 Gmtgbdr 2?03 fdea`e fnnmutn ghdj 03 gr`ea f`rn F__M@F M`bup`tde K`adt`e. E`r`sukbdr f`h`k mdan`t`e nen `f`h`j p`r` p`m`r mdu`ea`e sdmtgr pubhnm fn`et`r`ey` `f`h`j _rg. Fr. @bfuh J`hnk KB@, @rnd \ury` Nr`w`e, K.Lgk fsb. Fn s`kpnea kdef`p`tm`e nesnajt y`ea
hdbnj kdef`h`k kdeade`n mdu`ea`e sdmtgr pubhnm, pdsdrt` iua` fnbdm`hn fdea`e h`tnj`e-h`tnj`e sg`h y`ea fnj`r`pm`e f`p`t kdeneam`tm`e pdk`j`k`e kdeade`n pdeadhgh``e mdu`ea`e sdmtgr pubhnm fn`et`r`ey` kdeade`n pdeyusue`e h`pgr`e mdu`ea`e pdkdrnet`j f`dr`j. Mdan`t`e nen fnj`r`pm`e f`p`t fnh`mum`e sdl`r` bdrmdsne`kbuea`e fn w`mtu-w`mtu kdef`t`ea.
Bdrnt` Tent
‘Qj`t Kgtnv`tds V`x Lgkphn`eld7‛
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dh`tnj`e f`e _dedhntn`e C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens (_2DB) C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK) adh`r sdkne`r M`kns (2?/0?) mdk`rne fn ru`ea Mdrt`eda`r`. Kdea`eam`t tgpnl ‘Qj`t Kgtnv`tds V`x Lgkphn`eld7‛ sdkne`r tdrsdbut kdeaj`fnrm`e Kdetdrn Mdu`ea`e, \rn Kuhy`en Nefr`w`tn sdb`a`n mdyegtd spddlj. F`h`k p`p`r`eey` \rn Kuhy`en kdeidh`sm`e b`jw` bdbdr`p` t`jue tdr`mjnr pdedrnk``e p`i`m fn Nefgedsn` s`ea`t rdef`j. J`h tdrsdbut tdri`fn m`rde` b`ey`mey` w`inb p`i`m y`ea tnf`m kdh`pgrm`e j`rt`ey` sdjneaa` kdeydb`bm`e r`sng p`i`m iua` kdea`h`kn pdeurue`e. ‘Bdbdr`p` t`jue tdr`mjnr pdedrnk``e p`i`m mnt` s`ea`t mdlnh j`h nen fnsdb`bm`e b`ey`mey` w`inb p`i`m y`ea tnf`m kdh`pgrm`e p`i`mey`,‛ tdr`eaey`. \rn Kuhy`en kdeidh`sm`e rdef`jey` mdp`tuj`e w`inb p`i`m uetum kdh`pgr nen fnsdb`bm`e s`h`j s`tuey` m`rde` rdauh`sn y`ea ruknt. Ghdj m`rde` ntu pdkdrnet`j `m`e
kdh`mum`e `k`efdkde tdrj`f`p Tef`ea-Tef`ea Tef`ea-Tef`e a _drp`i _drp`i`m`e `m`e mjususey`. ‘Mnt` kdey`f`rn rdauh`sn p`i`m fn eda`r` mnt` s`ea`th`j mgkphdms, sdjneaa` pdrhu fnh`mum`e pdrb`nmn, mnt` `m`e bu`t hdbnj sdfdrj`e` `a`r e`etney` f`p`t kdeneam`tm`e mdp`tuj`e p`r` w`inb p`i`m,‛ nkbujey`. C`mtgr h`ne y`ea kdeydb`bm`e rdef`jey` mdp`tuj`e p`i`m sdh`ne rdauh`sn `f`h`j f`rn snsn `fknenstr`sn. Tetum kdea`etnsnp`sn j`h nen k`m` pdkdrnet`j kdefgrgea pdrb`nm`e p`f` Fnrdmtgr`t Idefr`h _`i`m (FI_), Fnrdmtgr`t Idefr`h Bd` Lum`n (FIBL) f`e nest`esn h`ne y`ea tdrhnb`t. H`eam`j y`ea fnh`mum`e `f`h`j fdea`e kdkbdrnm`e mdkuf`j`e f`h`k pdh`pgr`e, pdkb`y`r`e sdrt` `msds negrk`sn pdrp`i`m`e. \rn Kuhy`en kdeda`sm`e mdy`mne`eey` b`jw` mdfu` `spdm nen e`etney` y`ea `m`e kdkbu`t mdp`tuj`e p`i`m kdeneam`t. Fnt`kb`jm`e \rn Kuhy`en uetum kdeneam`tm`e r`sng p`i`m pdkdrnet`j iua` kdkpuey`n s`tu mdbni`m`e y`ntu pdea`kpue`e
p`i`m `t`u t`x `kedsty . Mdbdrj`snh`e nkphdkdet`sn mdbni`m`e nen tdrhnj`t f`rn tneaaney` u`ea tdbus`e `kedstn p`i`m sdbds`r :0,0 V fn Nefgedsn`, b`jm`e Nefgedsn` kdedkp`tn urut`e s`tu fnb`efneam`e sdku` eda`r` y`ea pdr`j kdh`mum`e t`x `kedsty . \dh`ne \rn Kuhy`en `f` bdbdr`p` e`r`sukbdr turut fnj`fnrm`e y`ntu _rg. I`kds @hk, _j.F., _rdsnfdet g \gutjdre Dlgegknl @ssgln`tnge, T\@., f`e _rg. B`kb`ea Rny`etg, _j.F., sdrt` Fr. @rtn @fin y`ea kdrup`m`e fgsde CDB TAK. _rg. I`kds @hk kdey`kp`nm`e str`tdan uetum kdeneam`tm`e mdp`tuj`e w`inb p`i`m. \df`eam`e _rg. B`kb`ea Rny`etg kdk`p`rm`e pdedhntn`eey` y`ea kdeygrgtn tdet`ea f`kp`m strumtur t`rn lum`n rgmgm tdrj`f`p tneam`t mdp`tuj`e lum`n rgmgm p`f` nefustrn rgmgm fn Nefgedsn`. ]Kdy[
Tent Edws | _2DB
Rdpgrt`sd Mjusus
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dtdh`j pdhuelur`e hgag f`e t`ahned Fnds E`t`hns CDB TAK md-30, `adef` mdan`t`e Fnds E`t`hns fn`w`hn fdea`e Cglus Argup Fnslussnge tdet`ea Mdbni`m`e Dmgegkn f`e Bnsens Fnant`h y`ea fnh`ms`em`e p`f` 4 @austus h`hu. CAF y`ea tdrsdhdeaa`r` fdea`e mdri`s`k` \nx L`pnt`h nen L`pnt`h nen kdeaj`fnrm`e pdrw`mnh`e f`rn \nx L`pnt`h \nea`pur`, Fr. R`jk`t L`pnt`h Q`huy`etg f`rn Gtgrnt`s I`s` Mdu`ea`e (GIM), f`e Fr. Jdefrn \`p`rnen y`ea kdrup`m`e Mgkns`rns Tt`k` _V. Vdhmgk Nefgedsn`. Bdbdr`p` nsu y`ea fnb`j`s y`ntu kdeade`n lryptg lurrdely, bhglm lj`ne lj`ne f`e cne`eln`h tdljeghgay .
@adef` Fnds E`t`hns fnh`e iutm` iu tm` e fd fdea` ea`e e `l` r` y`ea y`e a fnh`ms`e`m`e kdh`hun Fdp`rtdkde @muet`esn y`ea kdei`fn tu`e ruk`j tjd 2ef Netdre`tnge`h Lgecdrdeld ge Nsh`knl _drspdltnvd gc @llguetnea, Cne`eld, Dlgegknls `ef K`e`adkdet (N_@CDK). N_@CDK nen tdh`j fnh`ms`e`m`e p`f` 01-0> @austus 2?03 bdrtdkp`t fn Vjd @h`e` Jgtdh & Lgevdetnge ^gay`m ^ga y`m`r `rt`. t`. _ds _dsdr drt` t` N_@CDK t`jue nen `f`h`j k`j`snsw`, `m`fdknsn, f`e pr`mtnsn f`rn Nefgedsn`, P`t`r, @hadrn`, _`mnst`e, TM, Bdh`ef`, K`h`ysn`, Bruedn F`rus-
s`h`k, f`e \`ufn @r`bn`. _`r` pdkbnl`r` p`f` N_@CDK m`hn nen pue f`t`ea f`rn bdrb`a`n k`l`k f`dr`j fdea`e md`jhn`e k`snea-k`snea, sdpdrtn Fr. E`snk \j`j \jnr`zn, _rgc. Rgsz`nen J`encc`, Fr. Kuj`kk`f Juf`nb, Fr. Kuren`tn Kumjhnsne, K`jcuf \jghnjne, _j.F, Fr. Jyhkue Nzj`r,@jk`f Buljgrn f`e Fr. Nk`k Vdauj \`ptgeg. \dtdh`j N_@CDK, p`f` 23 @austus 2?03 fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e s`r`sdj`e _deau`t`e Rnsdt fn Hneamuea`e CDB TAK. Mdkufn`e `adef` Fnds E`t`hns fnh`e iutm` iu tm` e fd fdea` ea` e pd pdrt` rt`ef efne nea`e a`e gh`jr`a`, b`mtn sgsn`h, sdkne`r netdre`tnge`h ‘Fnant`h ‘ Fnant`h Dlgegky `ef Busnedss cgr Jnaj Dlgegknl Argwtj‛‛, hgm`- m`ry` @muet`eArgwtj sn f`e uin mgkpdtdesn pdea`i`r @muet`sn, sdrt` zn`r`j f`e `e i`ea i` eas` s`e` e`.. K d k ` s u m n t`eaa`h 03 \dptdkbdr, ` ad e f ` Fnds E`t`hns fnh`eiutm`e fdea`e k`h`k Fnds E`t`hns y`ea fnsdhdea`r`e fn _h`z` CDB TAK. \t`ef-st`ef k`m`e`e f`e p`eaauea bds`r y`ea bdrfnrn bdrj`f`p`e fdea`e fdrdt`e mursn pdegtge sdk`mne kde`kb`j mdkdrn`j`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns k`h`k ntu. @l`r` y`ea fnkuh`n p`f` pumuh 0:. nen fnbum` fdea`e s`kbut`e Fdm`e CDB TAK _rgc. Qnj`e` Mnr`e` I`y`, _j.F. Bdhn`u kdey`kp`nm`e b`jw` pdmdri``e ruk`j CDB k`snj b`ey`m, sdjneaa` fnj`r`pm`e Fdm`e CDB TAK sd-
Egv Egv NEEG Nk h`eiutey ` f`p`t kdkpdrb`nmn h`eiutey` mdmur`ea`e f`e kdkbu`t CDB kdei`fn hdbnj b`nm. _`r` t`ku fnpdrsnh`m`e kdenmk`tn jnf`ea`e k`m`e`e s`kbnh fnnrnean `hue`e mdrgelgea f`e m`r`wnt`e. _`r` t`ku uef`ea`e iua` fnsuaujm`e fdea`e pdet`s pdw`y`ea`e y`ea fnf`h`ean ghdj Mn F`efue J`fnwnegtg f`e Mn Br`ei`ea _`k`fn fdea`e h`mge w`y`ea Bnk` M`wdl`. E`kue, pdet`s pdw`y`ea`e p`f` m`hn nen bdrbdf` f`e kdknhnmn mduenm`e fnb`efneam`e fdea`e pdkdet`s`e p`f` ukukey`. J`h nen fnsdb`bm`e m`rde` f`h`ea f`rn h`mge w`y`ea y`ntu Mn Br`e i`ea i` ea _`k` fn `f `f`h `h`j `j sd sdgr` gr`ea ea f`h`ea lnhnm. @l`r` p`f` k`h`k ntu mdkufn`e fntutup fdea`e pdkb`an`e fggrprnzd mdp`f` fggrprnzd t`ku uef`ea`e y`ea j`fnr. _`f` \`btu mddsgm`e j`rney`, r`eam`n`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hds fnh`e i u t m ` e fdea`e C`knhy C u e F`y.
Rdpgrt`sd Mjusus
dhty @VNGE `lt V`eaa`h 0> \dptdkbdr 2?03 kdrup`m`e puel`m `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns md-30 m`rde` tdp`t p`f` j`rn ntu `f`h`j j`rn uh`ea t`jue CDB TAK. F`h`k r`eam` puel`m `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns nen fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e R`p`t \de`t Vdrbum` CDB TAK f`e Gr`sn Nhkn`j fn ru`ea Mdrt`eda`r`. \dmnt`r pumuh ?:., `l`r` fnbum` ghdj Mdtu` \de`t, _rgc. K`rw`e @srn, KB@, _j. F. Mdkufn`e, `l`r` fnh`eiutm`e fdea`e _nf`tg H`pgr`e _drt`eaauea i`w` i` w`b`e b`e Fd Fdm` m`e e gh ghdj dj _rg c. Qn Qn-j`e` Mnr`e` I`y` sdh`mu Fdm`e CDB TAK pdrngfd 2?02“2?03. H`pgr`e fn`w`hn fdea`e kdeyneaauea tdk` Fnds E`t`hns md30 y`ntu ‘Egvdhty, ‘ Egvdhty, Dea`adkdet, `ef Nkp`lt ‛ y`ea bdr`rtn mdb`ru`e, mdtdrhnb`t`e, f`e f`kp`m y`ea hu`s. F`h`k pnf`tgey`, _rgc. Qnj`e` iua` kdeidh`sm`e kdeade`n pdrmdkb`ea`e f`e pdel`p`n`e CDB TAK. _del`p`n`e pdrt`k` `f`h`j f`h`k j`h netdre`snge`hns`sn. J`h nen fnu`eam`pm`e ghdj _rgc. Qnj`e` fdea`e `f`ey` pdeneam`t`e mdan`t`e Netdre`tnge`h Qddm , pdeneam`t`e iukh`j k`j`snsw` y`ea bdh`i`r fn prgar`k prgar`k NT_ (Netdre`snge`h ( Netdre`snge`h Tefdrar`fu`td _grar`k), _grar`k ), f`e md`mtnc`e fgsde-fgsde CDB f`h`k mdan`t`e netdre`snge`h. _`f` b`an`e pdh`y`e`e `m`fdknm, _rgc. Qnj`e` iua` kdeaueam`pm`e b`jw` f`h`k up`y` pdeneam`t`e pdh`y`e`e `m`fdknm tdh`j fnh`mum`e pdeadkb`ea`e \NEVD\N\ (\nstdk Necgrk`sn f`e Vdmeghgan C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens) y`ea kdeydfn`m`e MR\ (M`rtu Rdel`e` \tufn) ge-
hned, MR\ bgx, i`fw`h muhn`j f`e bdrb`a`n k`l`k mdbutuj`e necgrk`sn `m`fdknm uetum k`j`snsw` CDB TAK sdl`r` gehned. V`m j`ey` ntu, sdh`ne fn bnf`ea `m`fdknm f`e pdedhntn`e, h`y`e`e c`snhnt`s pue iua` turut fntneam`tm`e. Fn snsn bnf`ea dmstdr`h, CDB TAK iua` tdh`j b`ey`m kdei`hne mdri` s`k` fdea`e hdkb`a`-hdkb`a` y`ea f`p`t kdeneam`tm`e snedran `huken f`h`k w`f`j Mdhu`ra` @huken C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens A`fi`j K`f` (M`cda`k`). \dbdhuk `l`r` fntutup, `l`r` fnh`eiutm`e fdea`e gr`sn nhkn`j bdriufuh ‘Mdk`efnrn`e Cne`esn`h‛ y`ea fns`kp`nm`e ghdj _rgc. V`efdhnhne Dfu`rfus, KB@. \dtdh`j `l`r` puel`m tdrsdbut, k`snj tdrf`p`t bdbdr`p` r`eam`n`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns jneaa` 4 Egvdkbdr 2?03 y`ntu fn`et`r`ey` K`h`k K u s n m Mrd`tnc K`j`sns w`, NM @K K@ 9 V`hm sj gw `ef Netdresjnp
C`nr , f`e Dmgegkn Bdb`s Mgrupsn. \dh`ne sdb`a`n pdr`y``e uh`ea t`jue CDB TAK, fnj`r`pm`e r`eam`n`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns nen iua` f`p`t kde`kb`j k`ec``t uetum sdhuruj snvnt`s-`m`fdknm` CDB TAK.]Enefy`, Th`yy`[
M`b`r uetum kdh`eiutm`e stufn. B`jm`e s``t nen, pdh`i`r Lne` sdl`r` snaennm`e bdrt`kb`j b`ey`m. B`j`s` kdfnuk rdskn fn f`h`k mdan`t`e `m`fdknm tdrb`an kdei`fn fu` y`ntu b`j`s` Neaarns f`e @r`b.
FN^@J _TVRN@EN \t` _dea`i`r Fdp`rtdkde Nhku Dmgegkn C`muht`s C`muh t`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens TAK
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`f` buh`e \dptdkbdr 2?00, s`y` rdskn tdrl`t`t sdb`a`n k`j`snsw` k`stdr fn Netdre`tnge`h Nsh`knl Tenvdrsnty K`h`ysn` (NNTK). NNTK tdrhdt`m fn tdea`j rnkbue`e jut`e fnpdrb`t`s`e Mgt` Mu`h` Hukpur f`e \dh`eagr, sdjneaa` tnf`m kdeajdr`em`e inm` mnt` kdeiukp`n sdmdhgkpgm gr`ea jut`e k`sum md f`h`k m`kpus. Fdea`e i`rage tjd a`rfde g megwhdfad `ef vnrtud, NNTK kde`w`rm`e devnrgetkdet, pdea`h`k`e f`e l`r` bdrpnmnr y`ea b`ru uetum s`y`. _`f` f`s`rey`, pdrtnkb`ea`e ut`k` s`y` kdh`eiutm`e stufn fn NNTK `f`h`j kdkpdh`i`rn dmgegkn Nsh`k y`ea kdrup`m`e bnf`ea b`ru b`an s`y` prnb`fn mdtnm` ntu. Kdk`ea b`ey`m m`kpus y`ea mnen kde`w`rm`e prgar`k dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k fn sdhuruj fuen`, e`kue NNTK kdrup`m`e m`kpus y`ea kdknhnmn mdueaauh`e ut`k` fnbnf`ea m`in`e dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k. Fnrdltgr Adedr`h Nsh`knl Rdsd`rlj `ef Vr`nenea Nesntutd (NRVN) s``t nen fnpda`ea ghdj s`h`j s`tu st` pdea`i`r fdp`rtd-
kde Cne`eld. NRVN kdrup`m`e s`h`j s`tu hdkb`a` p`hnea bdrpdea`ruj tdrj`f`p pdrmdkb`ea`e dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k fuen`. _`r` st` `jhn NRVN pue iua` fnfumuea ghdj fgsde-fgsde fn NNTK. B`ey`m tgmgj dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k sdrt` fdw`e sy`rn`j fn Nefgedsn` y`ea iua` pdre`j kdedkpuj stufn fn NNTK. B`jm`e, inm` fn`k`tn p`f` sdtn`p mgedrdesn netdre`snge`h f`h`k bnf`ea dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k y`ea fnsdhdeaa`r`m`e ghdj NRVN, B`em Nefgedsn` f`e GIM, k`m` bns` fnp`stnm`e `m`e tdrf`p`t pdkbnl`r` `t`upue prdsdetdr f`rn NNTK. Fntnei`u f`rn sdi`r`j, pdefnrn`e NNTK f`e NNT Nsh`k`b`f (_`mnst`e) ghdj Eda`r`-eda`r` `eaagt` GMN kdk`ea kdknhnmn tuiu`e ut`k` uetum kdeankphdkdet`snm`e nfd Nsh`kns`sn nhku pdeadt`ju`e, tdrk`sum fn bnf`ea dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e. Ghdj m`rde` ntu tnf`m kdeajdr`em`e inm` b`ey`m pdh`i`r Kushnk f`rn bdrb`a`n bdeu` sdpdrtn f`rn @sn`, @rnm`, f`e Eda`r`-eda`r` @r`b, kdei`tujm`e pnhnj`e fn NNTK
_dea`h`k`e @m`fdknm Bdh`i`r f`h`k `tkgsdr y`ea kdk`ea fnmgefnsnm`e uetum kdeam`in fu` j`h sdm`hnaus (`a`k` f`e slndeld, kdkbu`t s`y` tdrkgtnv`sn uetum kdkpdh`i`rn f`e kdknhnj gmus stufn fn bnf`ea dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k. F`h`k p`ef`ea`e s`y`, nenh`j s``tey` p`r` pdan`t dmgegkn Nsh`k sdj`rusey` tdh`j bdr`f` p`f` k`s` uetum kdetdr idk`jm`e tdljenl`h h`eau`ad f`rn p`r` tgmgj adedr`sn `w`h y`ea kdelgb` uetum kdefdnensnm`e dmgegkn Nsh`k kdei`fn sdbu`j subidm nhku. \db`a`n lgetgj, @s`f Y`k`e f`h`k `rtnmdh bdriufuh ‘Nsh`knl Dlgegknls9 @ Hntdr`turd \urvdy ‛ kdkbdrnm`e a`a`s`e pgmgm-pgmgm dmgegkn Nsh`k y`ea pdrhu fnmdkb`eam`e= sdpdrtn _ubhnl aggf, Nsh`knl dlgegknl fdvdhgpkdet , `t`u H`bgur ne Nsh`k. F`h`k j`h nen, suf`j w`mtuey` uetum kdeadkb`eam`e mgesdp tdmens, kns`h pubhnl aggfs, y`ea kdel`mup tnf`m j`ey` nqj `t`u turgtj (sdi`r`j) s`i`, tdt`pn m`in`e tdet`ea lurrdet `pphnl`tnge f`e stdps jgw tg nkphdkdet tjd pubhnl pghnly `llgrfn `llgrfnea ea tg Nsh`k. Lgetgj h`ne, mgesdp dmgegkn kgedtdr Nsh`k f`rn Tkdr Lj`pr` f`h`k bumu bdriufuh ‘Vgw`rfs @ Iust Kgedt`ry \ystdk‛ y`ea k`snj kdkdrhum`e pdeydkpure``e, tdrut`k` f`h`k kgfdhhnea. F`rn snen mdkufn`e mnt` bns` kdea`kbnh mdsnkpuh`e b`jw` bum`e k`s`ey` h`an mnt` bdrfdb`t kdeade`n `p` fdnensn dmgegkn Nsh`k. Mdtnm` bdr`f` fn prgar`k k`anstdr, s`y` bdrsyumur f`p`t kdkuh`n h`eam`j-h`eam`j mdlnh f`h`k prgsds kdetdridk`jm`e tdljenl`h h`eau`ad tdrsdbut. \`h`j s`tu j`h y`ea s`y` h`mum`e `f`h`j kdeuhns p`pdr fdea`e tdk` bdrbdf`. \`y` mdtnm` ntu p`f` f`s`rey` iua` sd-
M`b`r f`ea kdel`rn bnf`ea kne`t f`e gmus rnsdt uetum tdsns. _dknhnj`e kne`t f`e gmus nen pdrhu fnh`mum`e `a`r prgsds kdetdridk`j kdetdridk`jm`e m`e tdljenl`h h`eau`ad f`rn mgesdp y`ea fnt`w`rm`e ghdj p`r` tgmgj `w`h dmgegkn Nsh`k f`p`t fndst`dtm`e f`rn adedr`sn md adedr`sn. F`rn prgsds dst`dt nen fnj`r`pm`e mgesdp y`ea bdhuk fnh`mum`e tdrsdbut p`f` `mjnrey` f`p`t fnnkphdkdet`snm`e. Bdbdr`p` p`pdr (fdea`e tdk` bdrbdf`) tdh`j s`y` prdsdet`snm`e fn mgedrdesn netdre`snge`h. _dea`h`k`e p`hnea bdrmds`e `f`h`j p`f` w`mtu ntu s`y` sdkp`t kdeaueiuean ^grf`en` y`ea fn`mgkgf`sn pdeuj f`rn NRVN f`h`k r`eam` kdkprdsdet`snm`e p`pdr tdet`ea Lgrpgr`td Agvdre`eld fntnei`u f`rn pdrspdmtn Nsh`k. _`pdr tdrsdbut s`y` tuhns bdrmdri`s`k` fdea`e B`p`m \gey Q`rsgeg, _j.F f`e Nbu Cntrn @k`hn`, K.\l f`rn Iurus`e @muet`esn CDB TAK. \dh`ne ntu, fdea`e edtwgrmnea y`ea fnknhnmn ghdj pnj`m m`kpus, s`y` fdea`e kuf`j kdef`p`tm`e pdea`h`k`e kdeaj`fnrn audst hdlturdr y`ea fns`kp`nm`e ghdj p`r` tgmgj ut`k` f`e nhusu fn bnf`ea dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k. B`jm`e kgfdh bdh`i`r Fnst`eld Hd`renea y`ea fnspgesgrn ghdj NRVN f`e Ldetdr gr Nsh`knl Dlgegknls (LND) NNTK pue iua` pdre`j fnh`mum`e fdea`e kdeaj`fnrm`e a`buea`e p`r` tgmgj f`rn NNTK, NNT Nsh`k`b`f, NRVN f`e Furj`k Tenvdrsnty. Cgmus Rnsdt f`e Rdel`e` Md Fdp`e Fdea`e bdrbdm`h pdea`h`k`e kdeuhns fdea`e tdk` bdrbdf` mdtnm` muhn`j k`stdr, s`y` `mjnrey` kdedkum`e kne`t stufn f`e kdkgmusm`e tdsns k`stdr tdrm`nt f`kp`m buea` b`em tdrj`f`p pdrdmgegkn`e. _dea`h`k`e kdeuhns tdsns tdrsdbut mdkufn`e kdkb`w` s`y` uetum kdelgb` kdef`h`kn j`h tdrsdbut hdbnj fdt`nh. F`h`k fnsdrt`sn y`ea sdf`ea s`y` susue, s`y` kdelgb` kdkb`eaue kgfdh `rtnnln`h dlgegky uetum kdeagbsdrv`sn f`kp`m mrdfnt bdrf`s`r-
m`e smdk` pnei`k`e b`nm fn b`em mgevdesnge`h f`e Nsh`k tdrj`f`p mdtnkp`ea`e pdef`p`t`e f`h`k k`sy`r`m`t. _deadkb`ea`e `rtnnln`h dlgegky pdrhu fnh`mum`e m`rde` s``t nen bdhuk `f` eda`r` y`ea kdedr`pm`e systdk pdrdmgegkn`e Nsh`kn sdl`r` pdeuj. J`h tdrsdbut iua` kdei`fn s`h`j s`tu j`kb`t`e tdrbds`r f`h`k pdeadkb`ea`e dmgegkn Nsh`k sdh`k` nen m`rde` rnsdt sdh`hu tdrmdef`h` fdea`e `v`nh`bnhnty g f`t` . Ghdj m`rde` ntu s`y` bdrj`r`p fdea`e pdeadkb`ea`e y`ea s`y` h`mum`e f`p`t kdkbdrnm`e mgetrnbusn pdeadkb`ea`e stufn dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k. \`y` bdrj`r`p sdtdh`j kdeydhds`nm`e prgar`k fgmtgr nen f`p`t mdkb`hn md Nefgedsn` aue` bdrb`an pdea`h`k`e stufn f`e pdedhntn`e `a`r f`p`t bdrmgetrnbusn f`h`k pdeadkb`ea`e dmgegkn f`e mdu`ea`e Nsh`k fn Nefgedsn`. Fdea`e fdknmn`e, `p` y`ea s`y` pdrghdj sdh`k` kdedkpuj pdefnfnm`e fn NNTK f`p`t bdraue` uetum sdku` pnj`m-pnj`m y`ea kdkbutujm`e. \dkga` sj`rnea ldrnt` sneam`t nen f`p`t kdkbdrnm`e k`e``t f`e pdh`i`r`e mdp`f` sn`p`pue y`ea kdkb`l`ey`.
\dput`r Buh`msukur
pjgtg sgurld9 fdtnm.lgk
_
`f` t`eaa`h 2? \dptdkbdr 2?03, `f` mdr`k`n`e y`ea tnf`m bn`s` fn hneamuea`e m`kpus Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (TAK). Tkbuh-ukbuh f`e tdef` tdrp`s`ea fn sdmnt`r adfuea Arj` \`bj` _r`k`e` (A\_). J`rn ntu kdrup`m`e pdkbum``e `l`r` TAK Dxpg 2?03 y`ea bdrhgm`sn fn h`et`n fu` adfuea A\_. @l`r` nen bdrh`easuea sdh`k` t`eaa`h 2?-24 \dptdkbdr 2?03. TAK Dxpg 2?03 j`fnr uetum kdkdrn`jm`e r`eam`n`e `l`r` Fnds E`t`hns TAK md-31. Fnrdmtgr`t _dedhntn`e f`e _dea`bfn`e K`sy`r`m`t fnpnhnj kdei`fn p`entn` pdeydhdeaa`r` TAK Dxpg 2?03 fdea`e tdk` ‘Negv`sn Kdkbukn uetum Edadrn‛. _dkbum``e `l`r` TAK Dxpg 2?03 fnkuh`n fdea`e s`kbut`e rdmtgr TAK, _rg. Nr. Fwnmgrnt` M`re`w`tn, K.\l., _j.F. @l`r` fnh`eiutm`e fdea`e pde`ef`t`ea`e 2< KgT f`e h`ueljnea prgfum fdea`e kntr`. Kdeurut @knr Jusen, sdmrdt`rns TAK Dxpg 2?03, pde`ef`t`ea`e KgT kdrup`m`e b`an`e pdetnea f`rn TAK Dxpg 2?03 m`rde` j`h tdrsdbut kdrup`m`e kdrup`m`e h`eam`j `w`h b`an TAK uetum kdkpdrmu`t mdri`s`k` fdea`e pdrus`j``e y`ea `f` fn Nefgedsn`. \dtdh`j pde`ef`t`ea`e KgT, pdkgtgea`e pnt` ghdj _rg. Nr. Fwnmgrnt` M`re`w`tn, K.\l., _j.F. kdei`fn snkbgh b`jw` `l`r` TAK Dxpg 2?03 rdskn fnbum`. \dh`eiutey`, _rg. Nr. Fwnmgrnt` M`re`w`tn, K.\l., _j. F. kdh`mum`e tgur TAK Dxpg 2?03.
TAK Dxpg 2?03 kdknhnmn bdbdr`p` r`eam`n`e `l`r` y`ntu dxpg, snkpgsnuk, sdkne`r f`e knen wgrmsjgp, p`eaauea mdsden`e, pdrhgkb``e lgkdfy, f`eld f`eld lgkpdtntnge, ( st`ef up lgkdfy, hgkb` kdw`re`n), nespnrnea pdrsge , sdrt` `drgbnm. \dsu`n e`k`ey` y`ntu TAK Dxpg 2?03, tdetuey` dxpg kde i`fn `l`r` ut`k`. ut`k`. @l`r` @l`r` m`hn nen bdrtu iu`e uetum kdeueiumm`e j`snh m`ry` f`e negv`sn f`rn p`r` `m`fdknsn fn TAK y`ea bdrk`e``t f`e kdkbdrn f`kp`m pgsntn b`an k`sy`r`m`t. \dh`ne ntu, TAK Dxpg iua` kdkpuey`n tuiu`e mjusus y`ntu kdkpdrmu`t idi`rnea mdri` s`k` sdrt` kdeadk kdeadk-b`eam`e idi`rnea b`ru b`nm fn bnf`ea nhku, tdmeghgan, f`e sgsn`h buf`y`. TAK Dxpg 2?03, zge` mdf`uh`t`e p`ea`e, zge` mdk`rntnk`e, zge` aggf agvdre`eld, zge` sgsn`h buf`y`, zge` bdel`e` f`e hneamuea`e, zge` uent pdeuei`ea uenvdrsnt`s, f`e zge` k`rmdt ph`ld. _deansn st`ef f`h`k dxpg bdr`s`h f`rn k`j`snsw`, pnj`m uenvdrsnt`s, f`e pus`t stufn. F`h`k TAK Dxpg, k`snea-k`snea st`ef kdelgb` uetum kde`rnm pdeaueiuea fdea`e prgfum y`ea uenm f`e pdrk`ne`e kde`rnm. @f` puh` bdbdr`p` st`ef y`ea kdkb`anm`e k`m`e`e f`e kneuk`e. @etusn`s pdeaueiuea TAK Dxpg 2?03 fn j`rn pdrt`k` lumup tneaan. J`h ntu fns`kp`nm`e ghdj Fdr`, s`h`j s`tu pdei`a` st`ef `muht`s mdfgmtdr`e anan fn zge` mdsdj`t`e. Dxpg b`ru
bdri`h`e sdtdea`j j`rn, pdeaueiuea fn st`ef `muht`s mdfgmtdr`e anan suf`j kdel`p`n 6> gr`ea. Fn st`ef tdrsdbut, pdeaueiuea kdh`mum`e mgesuht`sn f`e pdkdrnms``e anan ar`tns. \dh`eiutey` `p`bnh` fntdkum`e m`sus, k`m` `m`e fnbdrnm`e sur`t ruium`e. Kdeurut _nem`, s`h`j s`tu pdeaueiuea TAK Dxpg 2?03, pde`t``e h`ygut y`ea kde`rnm kdkbu`t pdeaueiuea tdrmds`e. Hu`s adfuea A\_ y`ea tdrb`t`s k`kpu kde`kpuea b`ey`m st`ef. \dh`ne ntu, st`ef y`ea kdkbdrnm`e pdkdrnms``e ar`tns f`e pdrk`ne`e y`ea kdkbdrnm`e j`fn`j kdei`fn f`y` t`rnm b`an pdeaueiuea. ]@fd[
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@fvdrtgrn`h
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dputus`e uetum kdea`kbnh prgar`k FF fn Jgljsljuhd _cgrzjdnk `f`h`j mdputus`e _cgrzjdnk tdrb`nm y`ea pdre`j s`y` bu`t f`h`k jnfup s`y`. @p`bnh` @ef` pdre`j kdefdea`r fn bdrnt` b`jw` Idrk`e b`ru-b`ru s`i` fnegb`tm`e sdb`a`n eda`r` tdrb`nm fn fuen`, prdfnm`t tdrsdbut kdk`ea bde`r `f`ey`. Hneamuea`e y`ea bdrsnj, necr`strumtur y`ea kdk`f`n, snstdk pdefnfnm`e f`e mdsdj`t`e y`ea suf`j tdrbumtn b`nm sdh`k` bdrt`jue-t`jue, tr`espgrt`sn pubhnm y`ea s`ea`t tdr`w`t, sdku` `f` fnsnen. F`e Idrk`e bde`r-bde`r sumsds f`h`k kdeaub`j l`r` p`ef`ea s`y` kdeade`n jnfup. K`m` f`rn ntu, tnf`m j`ey` nhku `m`fdkns y`ea s`y` pdrghdj, tdt`pn iua` pdh` i`r`e i`r` e jnfup y`ea i`uj hdbnj hdbnj pdetnea pdetnea mdtnm` mnt` jdef`m kdea`phnm`snm kdea`phnm`snm`e `e
nhku `m`fdkns y`ea mnt` knhnmn. _cgrzjdnk kdk`ea bum`e mgt` bds`r, tdt`pn n` kdknhnmn mde`ea`e tdrsdefnrn b`an b`ey`m gr`ea, tdrut`k` m`kn p`r` netdre`tnge`h stufdets. _cgrzjdnk kdrup`m`e tdkp`t bdrmukpuhey` k`j`snsw`-k`j`snswn f`rn pdeiuru fuen`, f`e sdtn`p sdkdstdrey` `f` sdmnt`r 0?? k`j`snsw` netdre`snge`h y`ea f`t`ea uetum kdenkb` nhku fn J\ _cgrzjdnk. Bum`e t`ep` `h`s`e, w`h`upue J\ _cgrzjdnk tnf`m sdbds`r uenvdrsnt`s-uenvdrsnt`s fn hu`r s`e`, tdt`pn J\ _cgrzjdnk kde`w`rm`e c`snhnt`s pdefnfnm`e tdrb`nm f`e tdh`j fn`mrdfnt`sn ghdj b`ey`m b`f`e `mrdfnt`sn sdpdrtn @@L\B, y`ea kdkbu`t s`y` k`et`p kdh`eam`j md J\ _cgrzjdnk. Vdrhdbnj h`an, m`rde` _cgrzjdnk tdrhdt`m fn eda`r` b`an`e B`fde-Qørt-
tdkbdra, y`ea kdrup`m`e pus`t tdkbdra, pdrnefustrn`e Idrk`e, b`ey`m fgsde-fgsde y`ea kdrup`m`e prgcdsgr-prgcdsgr y`ea suf`j bdrmdlnkpuea fn pdrus`j``e-pdrus`j``e tdre`k` sdpdrtn F`nkhdr, _grsljd, Bgslj `t`upue sdb`a`n mgesuht`e Bgslj bnsens sdh`k` bdrt`jue-t`jue. Fgsde-fgsde tdrsdbut pue s`ea`t tdrbum`= kdrdm` kdkpdrsnh`jm`e m`kn uetum t`m sueam`e-sueam`e bdrfnsmusn b`nm h`easuea k`upue vn` d-k`nh `p`bnh` `f` pdh`i`r`e y`ea bdhuk fnkdeadrtn. J`h h`ne y`ea kdkbu`t stufn fn _cgrzjdnk kdei`fn t`m tdrhup`m`e `f`h`j, b`ey`m `mtncnt`s-`mtncnt`s y`ea fn`f`m`e ghdj m`kpus, sdpdrtn trnps, dmsmursn, f`e Durgpd`e `ef Crndef„s F`y , fnk`e` sdku` k`j`snsw` netdre`snge`h kdkbu`t st`ef kdeade`n eda`r`ey` k`snea-k`snea, kdrdprdsdet`snm`e buf`y`, p`rnwns`t`, kusnm, f`e iua` muhnedr. \`y` nea`t bdt`p` de`mey` fdssdrt mj`s _grtua`h, fnksuk y`ea fnbu`t ghdj tdk`e-tdk`e f`rn Ljne`, t`lg `shn f`rn Kdmsnmg, f`e k`m`e`ek`m`e`e netdre`snge`h h`ne y`ea t`m lumup s`y` sdbutm`e fnsnen. F`e
@fvdrtgrn`h s`y` iua` nea`t bdt`p` sde`ea f`e tdrldea`eaey` tdrldea`eaey ` kum` tdk`e-tdk`e netdre`snge`h m`kn mdtnm` m`kn, k`j`snsw` Nefgedsn`, kdeueiumm`e k`t` u`ea rupn`j y`ea b`ey`m ?-ey`, kdey`inm`e e`sn agrdea y`ea m`t` kdrdm` ‛de`m, w`h`upue sdfnmnt pdf`s‘, f`e kdeldrnt`m`e bdt`p` kur`jey` k`m`e`ek`m`e`e fn Nefgedsn`. Idrk`e tdrmde`h fdea`e gr`ea-gr`eaey` y`ea fdt`nh-grndetdf, tdp`t w`mtu, tdrstrumtur, f`e dcnsnde. J`h nen tdrldrkne f`rn b`j`s` kdrdm`, y`ea egt`bded kdknhnmn b`ey`m sdm`hn `tur`e. F`e sdpdrtney`, f`rn mdlnh gr`ea-gr`ea Idrk`e suf`j fnt`e`km`e enh`n-enh`n tdrsdbut. \`y` nea`t s`h`j s`tu prgcdsgr s`y` fns`e` bdrm`t` ‛ sull ‛ sulldss dss cghhgw cghhgwss strulturd‘ strult urd‘ . F`e bde`r, mdtnm` s`y` j`rus kdeadri`m`e tua`s mdhgkpgm fdea`e gr`ea Idrk`e, j`h tdrsdbut bde`r-bde`r fnnkphdkdet`snm`e. F`t`ea mdri` mdhgkpgm tdp`t w`mtu, kdkb`an i`t`j w`mtu prdsdet`sn fdea`e prdln prdlnsd sd,, f`e kdkb`an tua`s sdsu`n mdk`kpu` mdk`kpu`e e k`snea-k`snea `eaagt` mdhgkpgm. Vdrhdbnj h`an, fnsmusn mdhgkpgm sd`m`e suf`j fn`tur, f`e tnf`m kdhdeldea f`rn tgpnm, sdjneaa` tnf`m kdkbutujm`e w`mtu bdri`k-i`k j`ey` uetum kdeydhds`nm`e tua`s mdhgkpgm. Fn f`h`k mdh`s pue s`y` fn`i`rm`e uetum bdrpnmnr fdt`nh f`e mrntns, f`e sdrnea iua` fgsde-fgsde kdea`ntm`e k`tdrn fdea`e nsu-nsu t d r mn e n f n f u e n` sdpdrtn Brdxnt f ` e k`s`h`j p d -
eaueasn fn Drgp`. \djneaa` k`t` muhn`j y`ea fns`kp`nm`e tdr`s` ey`t` f`e iua` kdkb`eaue sdesntnvnt`s m`kn uetum kdeydhds`nm`e k`s`h`j y`ea `f`. H`hu, y`ea s`y` pdh`i`rn f`rn j`bnt gr`ea Idrk`e `f`h`j kdrdm` s`ea`t prg`mtnc= sdh`hu kdkpdrsn`pm`e fnrn i`uj-i`uj j`rn sdbdhuk uin`e, bdr`en bdrt`ey` f`e bdr`raukde s`kp`n p`j`k, f`e tnf`m kdea`eaa`p sdpdhd tua`s-tua`s f`e t`eaauea i`w`b y`ea fnknhnmn. J`h tdrsdbut kdeurut s`y` kdrup`m`e ldrkne y`ea b`nm uetum kdknkpne fnrn sdefnrn, fnk`e` mnt` fnj`rusm`e bdrus`j` f`h`k kdea`tur t`mtnm bdh`i`r, kdeadri`m`e tua`s, f`e h`ne sdb`a`ney` t`ep` j`rus kdeagrb`em`e s`tu j`h pue. F`e kdeurut s`y`, mdbn`s``e f`e enh`n-enh`n tdrsdbut s`ea`t b`nm f`e bdraue` uetum fnsdb`rhu`sm`e f`e fn`phnm`snm`e, tdrut`k` uetum kdkpdrsn`pm`e eda`r` mnt` kdeaj`f`pn t`et`ea`e-t`et`ea`e str`tdans fn k`s` fdp`e. Kdeade`n b`j`s`, b`j`s` Neaarns bde`r-bde`r i`r`ea fnp`m`n uetum pdrl`m`p`e sdj`rn-j`rn. \dku` gr`ea dxpdlt @ef` @ef` uetum bdrl`m`p f`h`k b`j`s` Idrk`e, b`jm`e fn b`em sdm`hnpue. Q`h`upue bdantu, s`y` kdr`s` tdrt`et`ea uetum kdeneam`tm`e mdk`kpu`e b`j`s` Idrk`e s`y`= j`kpnr sdtn`p j`rn s`y` kdelgb` bdrbnl`r` f`h`k b`j`s` Idrk`e w`h`upue bdr`et`m`e. Vdt`pn s`y` sde`ea, m`rde` gr`ea-gr`ea fns`e` bde`r-bde`r kdeaj`ra`n us`j` @ef` w`h`upue y`ea @ef` ul`pm`e s`h`j, f`e iua` fdea`e gr`ea-gr`ea ‛kdk`ms`‘ bdrl`m`p f`h`k b`j`s` Idrk`e, sdl`r` tnf`m h`easuea ntu kdkpdrldp`t pdrmdkb`ea`e b`j`s` Idrk`e s`y`. F`e kdkpdh`i`rn b`j`s` b`ru kdeurut s`y` `f`h`j v`hud-`ffdf tdrsdefnrn, m`rde` fns`e` b`ey`m tdk`etdk`e s`y` y`ea suf`j l`m`p f`h`k bdrbnl`r` < b`jm`e 6 b`j`s` y`ea bdrbdf`. B`ey`m f`rn kdrdm` y`ea kdef`p`tm`e smnhh b`j`s` tdrsdbut f`rn mdan`t`e su-
m`rdh`w`e `t`upue pdrtum`r`e pdh`i`r fn hu`r edadrn, sdjneaa` f`p`t fnbnh`ea b`ey`m sdm`hn prnb`fn-prnb`fn bdrmgkpdtdesn b`nm fn hu`r s`e`. @p`h`an `p`bnh` @ef` bdrdel`e` uetum kdkb`eaue m`rnr `t`u sdmgh`j fn hu`r edadrn, mjususey` fn eda`r`-eda`r` F@LJ, b`j`s` Idrk`e kdrup`m`e su`tu mdj`rus`e, sdtnf`mey` uetum bdra`uh fdea`e e`tnvds fns`e`. e`tnvds fns`e`. @ef` `m`e hdbnj ldp`t bdrtdk`e fdea`e e`tnvds `p`bnh` @ef` bns` bdrbnl`r` b`j`s` e`tnvd-ey`, tnvd -ey`, f`e s`y` suf`j bumtnm`e ntu. _dea`h`k _dea`h`k`e `e bdmdri`, bdrgra` bdrgra`enens`sn, f`e pdea`h`k`e netdre`snge`h pue iua` t`m m`h`j pdetneaey` f`e tnf`m bns` fnsdpdhdm`e mdtnm` neane k`sum md p`s`r mdri` fns`e`. @hh ne `hh `hh,, Idrk`e kdey`inm`e b`ey`m sdm`hn mdsdkp`t`e uetum kdeadkb`eam`e f`e kdea`mtu`hns`sn fnrn. Fns`kpnea j`h-j`h y`ea suf`j s`y` sdbutm`e fn`t`s, t`w`r`e bd`snsw`, k`a`ea, wgrmnea stufdet, stufdet, f`e vghuetddrnea wgrm uetum netdre`tnge`h stufdets b`ey`m fnsdfn`m`e ghdj pdkdrnet`j f`e pdrus`j``e-pdrus`j``e fn Idrk`e. Q`h`upue b`ey`m f`rn t`w`r`e tdrsdbut kdesy`r`tm`e mnt` uetum l`m`p bdrb`j`s` Idrk`e, bdbdr`p` bns` fnr`nj f`e tdrbum` uetum sn`p` s`i`. F`e, muhn`j fn Idrk`e “ tdrut`k` J\ _cgrzjdnk, s`ea`t kdkbum` k`t` s`y` tdrj`f`p fuen` hu`r, bdrtdku tdk`e-tdk`e b`ru f`rn h`t`r bdh`m`ea buf`y` y`ea bdrbdf`-bdf`, kdeneam`tm`e mdpdm``e f`e `f`pt`bnhnt`s tdrj`f`p buf`y` y`ea bdrbdf`, nefustrn, f`e nsu-nsu fuen`, kdkb`eaue hd`fdrsjnp f`e mdk`efnrn`e, sdrt` kdkb`eaue pgh` pnmnr y`ea mgkpdtntnc, tdrstrumtur e`kue fne`kns tdrj`f`p pdrmdkb`ea`e z`k`e. By L`tjdrned Egvnt` M FF ne Netdre`tnge`h Busnedss J\ _cgrzjdnk
_gigm @huken
Lg-Cguefdr
s u ` h s n \ t ` e f d h n h n e ` e V Rdsnae
‘Hu anh` `p` k`u eneaa`hne M`rnr fn b`em adfd fdkn iu`h`e iu` h`e b`iu ge gehne hned7 d7‛‛ Ntuh`j m`hnk`t y`ea sdrnea s`y` fdea`r f`rn tdk`e-tdk`e k`upue mdr`b`t fdm`t, tdp`t fu` t`jue y`ea h`hu. \``t ntu, s`y` fdea`e tdk`e-tdk`e tdk`e-tdk`e lgguefdr lgguefdr h`neey` kdrnetns st`rtup kgbnhd-lgkkdrld y`ea bdradr`m fn bnf`ea `sjnge, \`hd \tglm. Kdk`ea tdrfdea`r anh`, tdt`pn inm` fntdh``j hdbnj h`eiut, iustru nen `f`h`j kgkdetuk tneaan b`an l`hge detrdprdedur uetum kdelgb` pdruetuea`eey` fn bnsens tdmeghgan. _`s`r suf`j sn`p kdea`fgpsn muhtur tdmeghgan f`e tdrbn`s` kdeaaue`m`e sgln`h kdfn`. \dh`ne ntu, nevdstgr b`nm f`rn f`h`k edadrn k`upue `snea sn`p uetum kdeaulurm`e f`e` nevdst`sn p`f` nfd st`rtup tdmeghgan y`ea kde`rnm f`e kdei`einm`e. _`f` s``t kdefufumn b`eamu muhn`j, mnr`-mnr` hnk` t`jue h`hu fn Iurus`e K`e`idkde C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (TAK), tnf`m tdrhnet`s f`h`k pnmnr`e s`y` uetum tdriue
fn fuen` st`rtup. F`rn `w`h, s`y` j`ey` neane bdrm`rnr fn fuen` ne`esn`h f`e kdeanmutn idi`m gr`ea tu` y`ea suf`j `jhn fn bnf`eaey`. _`f` s``t ntu, gmus s`y` j`ey` kdef`p`tm`e enh`n tdrb`nm sdrt` kdeanmutn hgkb`-hgkb` bnsens uetum kdeansn w`mtu sdrt` LS. _uin Vuj`e, s`y` huhus ldp`t, luk-h`ufd fdea`e enh`n tdrtneaan fn Iurus`e K`e`idkde. \dedea m`e 7 Vdrey`t` r`s`ey` bn`s` s`i` sdtdh`j k`sum fuen` mdri`. Muhn`j Bdrk`ec``t7 Iuiur s`i` muhn`j ntu j`ey` `snhnt`s. _`f` `mjnrey`, mnt` sdefnrn y`ea j`rus kdeadi`r `p` y`ea mnt` k`u uetum kdeadkb`eam`e mu`hnt`s prnb`fn mnt` sdefnrn. B`ey`m y`ea kdeagrb`em`e w`mtu muhn`j, iustru fdea`e kdeansn mdan`t`e ege-`m`fdknm h`neey` kns`h fdea`e kdeanmutn gra`ens`sn, mhub, mgkuent`s, k`a`ea, f`e hgkb`. \`y` sdefnrn sdkp`t nmut gra`ens`sn k`e`idkde NM@KK@. @m`e tdt`pn, s`y` j`ey` bdrt`j`e s`tu t`jue m`rde` mur`ea sum` fnsuruj-suruj f`e b`ey`m pghntnm fn hdvdh `t`s. H`et`s fn sdkdstdr mddkp`t, s`y` nsdea kdelgb` kdeanmutn hgkb` bnsens
f`rn s`h`j s`tu uenvdrsnt`s fn Igai`. \dtdh`j kdelgb` kdkbuium bdbdr`p` m`w`e uetum fn i`fnm`e tnk netn, `mjnrey` m`kn bdr`eam`t md j`rn pdrt`k` hgkb`. ‘Fuj, mdrneadt fneane enj‛. Bum`eey` bdrl`ef`, t`pn kdk`ea ntu y`ea s`y` r`s`m`e s``t pdrt`k` m`hn hgkb`. \dmnh`s mgkpdtntgr f`rn uenvdrsnt`s h`ne i`uj hdbnj pnet`r, k`t`ea, f`e sn`p kdeaanh`s tnk s`y`. @m`e tdt`pn, fdea`e knefsdt b`jw` nen b`ru pdrt`k` m`hn hgkb`, sg y`j ‘egtjnea tg hgsd‛. ‘ TAK Iu`r` 2!‛ Ntu `f`h`j pdeaukuk`e y`ea tnf`m m`kn s`eam` sdtdh`j tna` j`rn bdrmgkpdtnsn kdkdl`jm`e prgbhdk-prgbhdk bnsens. Kdk`ea j`ey` iu`r` fu`, tdt`pn pdea`h`k`e kdkdl`jm`e k`s`h`j rnnh, bdmdri` fn b`w`j tdm`e`e, f`e mgedmsn y`ea fnf`p`tm`e f`rn mgkpdtntgr f`e iurn y`ea mnen kdei`fn tdk`e ntu iustru tnf`m tdrenh`n. \dku` j`h ntu tnf`m kueamne fnf`p`tm`e j`ey` fdea`e fufum fn b`eamu muhn`j f`e kdefdea`rm`e fgsde bdrlghdtdj. @mjnrey`, sdtdh`j ntu s`y` mdt`anj`e uetum kdeanmutn hgkb` b`nm hdvdh e`snge`h, k`upue netdre`snge`h, tnf`m p`ef`ea buhu kde`ea `t`u m`h`j, y`ea pdetnea nmut. Vdetu s`i` s`y` kdknhnmn tdk`e hgkb` sdpdriu`ea`e bdre`k` Hneaa` K`fu
_gigm @huken y`ea p`f` s``t ntu sdf`ea kdeadey`k pdefnfnm`e \2 fn _rgar`k \tufn K`anstdr K`e`idkde TAK. Dr` CDB-TAK Jgbn Nmut`e Hgkb` \`y` nea`t fn sntus rdskn CDB TAK p`f` t`jue 2??> bdhuk `f` kgfuh uetum kdhnj`t f`c`r hgkb` bnsens y`ea bns` fnnmutn ghdj k`j`snsw`. _defdmey`, kdeanmutn gra`ens`sn `f`h`j j`h y`ea hdbnj mdrde fnb`efneam`e kdeanmutn hgkb` sdjneaa` s`ea`t sus`j kdel`rn negrk`sn hgkb`-hgkb` bnsens y`ea fn`f`m`e p`f` p`f` s``t ntu. @m`e tdt`pn, ntu sdku` bdrub`j p`f` s``t t`jue pdrngfd s`y` muhn`j, fnk`e` b`ey`m sdengr k`upue iuengr y`ea `mjnrey` tdry`mnen uetum kdeanmutn hgkb` f`e bdrmgetrnbusn uetum kdeaj`rukm`e e`k` CDB TAK. Kdeanmutn gra`ens`sn suf`j tnf`m kde i`fn trdef h`an, h`an, tdt`pn kdeanmutn f`e kdkde`eam`e hgkb` bnsens kdei`fn ‘tjd edxt lggh tjnea tg fg ‛. H`et`s kuh`nh`j kueluh kgfuh ‘busnedss lgkpdtntnges‛ fn sntus CDB TAK, hdbnj b`nm tdh`t f`rnp`f` tnf`m s`k` sdm`hn. J`hhdhuy`j. \gcsmnhh Hdbnj _detnea _`f` s``t j`rn mdhuhus`e, mdb`ey`m`e tdk`e fn TAK hdbnj kdknhnj uetum `p phy pdmdri``e y`ea sn`tey` s`d rgutd f`e ldefdruea kdknhnj uetum k`sum md BTKE, `t`u nestntusn-nestntusn pdkdrnet`j sdpdrtn BN f`e GIM. \`y` y`ea `etn-k`ne strd`k f`e k`snj f`h`k `kbnsn bds`r uetum bdrm`rnr fn fuen` ne`esn`h, `mjnrey` kdkutusm`e uetum `pphy sdb`a`n K`e`adkdet @ssgln`td fn Lntnb`em. \`y` kdefdea`r b`jw` b`em tdrsdbut kdea`i`rm`e m`ry`w`e uetum kdei`fn tgp hd`fdr fn fn nefustrn mdu`ea`e. _uin Vuj`e, sdtdh`j kdhdw`tn b`ey`m t`j`p, `mjnrey` s`y` kdei`fn gr`ea mdfu` f`rn TAK y`ea f`h`k sdi`r`j kdef`p`tm`e tdkp`t fn Lntnb`em p`f` pgsnsn K`e`adkdet @ssgln`td, sdtdh`j kdeynsnjm`e bdbdr`p` m`efnf`t f`e huhus`e tgp f`rn
hgm`h k`upue `snea (mdb`ey`m`e y`ea `pphy f`rn `snea `f`h`j huhus`e f`rn T\). \dtdh`j fntdrnk` f`e kuh`n bdmdri` fn j`rn pdrt`k`., bns` fnbnh`ea, nhku y`ea s`y` f`p`tm`e fn b`eamu muhn`j j`ey` sdmnt`r 2?% tdrp`m`n. \ns`ey` iustru pdea`h`k`e prgbhdk sghvnea , mgkuenm`sn, edtwgrmnea, mdpdrl`y``e fnrn, prdsdet`sn, f`e bdmdri` fn b`w`j tdm`e`eh`j y`ea fnpdrhum`e uetum bns` bdrt`j`e fn Lntnb`em. Vdetuey`, sdku` pdea`h`k`e sgcsmnhh tdrsdbut suf`j sn`p f`e s`y` f`p`tkdeanmutn b`ey`m hgkb` bnsens sdkdei`m fn muhn`j. Vjd Edxt Lggh Vjnea7 ‘Vgmgpdfn` kdeaukukm`e pdef`e``e $0?? iut` fghh`r f`rn _dkgf`h Sdetur` @snea‛ _`f` t`jue mdtna` fn Lntnb`em (2?06), s`y` m`adt kdhnj`t m`hnk`t nen fn s`h`j s`tu `rtnmdh kdfn`. H`et`s s`y` kdeajdh` e`p`s f`e h`easuea kdeanestrgpdmsn fnrn. Hdbnj f`rn fu` t`jue s`y` bdrm`rnr fn b`em bds`r nen, bdh`i`r b`ey`m, e`kue tnf`m b`ey`m nkp`lt y`ea bns` s`y` bdrnm`e mdp`f` k`sy`r`m`t. J`ey` bdbdr`p` buh`e f`rn pdeaukuk`e hdadef`rns tdrsdbut, Hneaa` K`fu kdeaget`m s`y` mdkb`hn sdtdh`j < t`jue hdbnj tnf`m bdrsu`. Vdrey`t`, fn`k-fn`k fn` suf`j kdei`h`em`e bnsens mdlnh-mdlnh`e fdea`e nstrney`, y`men kdeiu`h b`iu kur`j md p`r` w`ent` ‘`h`y ‛ hdw`t kdfn` sgsn`h C`ldbggm, e`k`ey` \`hd \tglm. _`s`r w`ent` fn Nefgedsn` tdrey`t tdrey`t` ` s`ea`t bds`r, dstnk`sn kueamne `f` hdbnj f`rn 2 iut` w`ent` ‘`h`y ‛ y`ea bns` mnt` `munsnsn j`ey` hdw`t kdfn` sgsn`h. Ntuh`j gmus `w`h m`efnf`t pdkbdhn m`kn. Kde`rnm, tjns ns lggh. @mjnrey`, s`y` kdkuh`n p`rt-tnkd tdrhdbnj f`juhu (m`rde` tnf`m fnnznem`e ghdj gr`ea tu`), kdkb`etu kdkbdrn `fvnld f`rn snsn gpdr`snge`h pdrus`j``e, sdtn`p k`h`k sdus`n i`k m`etgr fn b`em. B`jm`e, tnf`m i`r`ea s`y` bgh`m-b`hnm kdkb`eaue kdkb`eaue m`etgr \`hd \tglm l`b`ea Igai` fn sdh`-sdh` w`mtu wddm-def f`h`k md`f``e st`tus k`snj m`ry`w`e fn Lntnb`em. B`ey`m sdm`hn k`s`h`j bnsens y`ea fnj`f`pn. \dm`hn h`an, sdku` nhku y`ea s`y` f`p`tm`e p`f` s``t kdeanmut hgkb` tdrp`m`n. Nfd f`e dmsdmusn sdk`mne k`t`ea, f`e `mjnrey` mnt` sdku` bdrj`snh kdef`p`tm`e pdef`e``e f`rn nevd st gr hgm`h
k`upue `snea fdea`e egkne`h y`ea iukh`jey` tnf`m sdfnmnt. @mjnrey`, s`y` rdskn bdra`buea fdea`e \`hd \tglm sdb`a`n lg-guefdr. \`hd \tglm \dtdh`j bdmdri` mdr`s f`e kdef`p`tm``e v`hnf`sn nfd f`rn nevdstgr, tdetuey` s`y` fnnznem`e ghdj gr`ea tu` uetum kdelgb` pdruetuea`e fn bnsens gehned. Nfd m`kn sdfdrj`e`, b`a`nk`e` mnt` bns` bdrbdf` f`rn tgmg `sjnge gehned y`ea h`ne7 Nevdst`sn m`kn lumup bds`r fn tdmeghgan tneam`t tneaan, sdpdrtn mgesdp `rtnnl`h netdhhnadeld f`e k`ljned hd`renea uetum kdedm`e bn`y` gpdr`snge`h. J`r`p`eey`, J`r`p`eey `, m`kn bns` kdkbdrnm`e b`iu bdrmu`hnt`s fdea`e j`ra` kur`j sdrt` iuiur, f`e f`p`t fnmnrnkm`e md sdhuruj Nefgedsn`. _dedr`p`e tdmeghgan bns` b`ey`m, `et`r` h`ne 9 • Kdkprdfnmsn b`iu `p` y`ea `m`e `m`e trdefnea kneaau fdp`e. • @hagrntk` uetum kdedetum`e j`ra` y`ea lglgm fn sdtn`p puh`u Nefgedsn`. • _deaaue``e rdmgkdef`sn rdmgkdef`sn prgfum f`e gptnk`sn grfdr b`smdt uetum up-sdhhnea md lustgkdr . • Kdeagtgk`tnsm`e pdrsge`hns`sn k`rmdtnea fnant`h md lustgkdr . • Kdeagtgk`tnsm`e t`ey` i`w`b fdea`e lustgkdr fn fn lj`t kdeaaue`m`e kdeaaue`m`e edurg-hneaunstnl prgar`kknea . • F`e tdetu k`snj b`ey`m pdedr`p`e h`neey`. \dtdh`j fu` t`jue bdri`h`e, \`hd \tglm tdh`j bdrj`snh kdeanrnkm`e hdbnj f`rn 0,???,??? p`mdt md sdhuruj pdeiuru Nefgedsn`. Kdkbdrnm`e sdeyuk`e mdp`f` hdbnj f`rn iut``e w`ent` `a`r kdrdm` y`ea fn hu`r _uh`u I`w` bns` t`kpnh h`y`m sdpdrtn sgsn`hnt` I`m`rt` fdea`e j`ra` y`ea s`k`!
Nfd f`e w`w`s`e nen sdku` f`rn k`e`7 \dku`ey` s`y` f`p`t f`rn pdea`h`k`e kdeanmutn hgkb` bnsens, m`rde` kdefdea`rm`e fgsde s`i` tnf`m lumup.
_rdst`sn K`j`snsw`
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`j`rfjnm` \dm`r _r`kufnt` y`ea `mr`b fns`p` Fnt` `f`h`j k`j`snswn t`jue mdtna` Nhku Dmgegkn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK). Fn b`hnm sgsgmey` y`ea k`ens f`e ldrn`, Fnt` iua` kdrup`m`e `thdt t`dmwgefg y`ea suf`j kdhdb`rm`e s`y`pey` jneaa` Mgrd`. K`j`snswn y`ea suf`j kdeydh`kn gh`jr`a` t`dmwgefg sdi`m \F nen bdrmdsdkp`t`e bdrb`an ldrnt` fdea`e Vnk DB Edws. @w`hey`, Fnt` j`ey` ‘nsdea‛ f`e lgb`-lgb` kdeanmutn dmstr`murnmuhdr t`dmwgefg mdtnm` mdh`s < \F. \dtdh`j bdbdr`p` m`hn h`tnj`e, Fnt` sdkp`t bdrjdetn h`tnj`e sdh`k` sdmnt`r 3 buh`e. \``t ntu, tnkbuh mdneane`e uetum h`tnj`e t`dmwgefg h`an. Mdtnm` Fnt` kdeanmutn h`tnj`e t`dmwgefg h`an, pdh`tnjey` kde`w`rn uetum nmut h`tnj`e fn Adh`eaa`ea TAK. Fnt` pue kdeany`m`e t`w`r`e ntu. \dtdh`j s`tu t`jue kdeanmutn h`tnj`e fn Adh`eaa`ea
TAK, Fnt` kdeanmutn pdkus`t`e h`tnj`e. _dkus`t`e h`tnj`e nen fntuium`e mjusus uetum kdrdm` y`ea neane kdel`rn prdst`sn fn bnf`ea t`dmwgefg. Mdiu`r``e pdrt`k` y`ea Fnt` nmutn `f`h`j Mdiu`r``e Gpde fn K`adh`ea p`f` t`jue 2??3, mdtnm` Fnt` sdf`ea kdefufumn mdh`s 4 \F. _`f` fdbutey` nen, Fnt` suf`j bdrj`snh kdea`etgean kdf`hn pdrueaau fn mdiu`r``e tneam`t e`snge`h. \di`m s``t ntu, kgtnv`sney` uetum kdeydh`kn gh`jr`a` t`dmwgefg sdk`mne bdrt`kb`j. \dtdh`j huhus \F, Fnt` kdef`c`r uetum kdeanmutn tds fn \K_ mjusus `thdt fn I`m`rt` t`pn w`mtu ntu tnf`m fntdrnk`. @m`e tdt`pn, Vuj`e suf`j kdeyn`pm`e ldrnt` h`ne y`ea hdbnj nef`j. Mdtnm` Fnt` kdei`h`em`e tds fn \K_ mjusus `thdt tdrsdbut, s`h`j s`tu pdh`tnj f`rn I`w` Vdea`j kdea`i`mey` uetum kdeanmutn pdkus`t`e h`tnj`e y`ea bdr`f` fn b`w`j Mdkdetdrn`e _dkuf` f`e Gh`jr`a` f`e bdmdri`s`k` h`easuea fdea`e Mgrd`. \``t ntu, mdp`h` pdh`tnj
_us`t _dkbdrf`y``e _dkuf` f`e Gh`jr`a` E`snge`h (__ _GE) tdrt`rnm f`e kde`w`rm`e Fnt` uetum kdh`e iutm`e sdmgh`j fn \K_ Edadrn 061 I`m`rt` fn bnh`ea`e R`aue`e y`ea kdrup`m`e tdkp`t bdrmukpuhey` `thdt-`thdt fn sdku` l`b`ea gh`jr`a`. M`rnr t`dmwgefg Fnt` kdh`iu mn`e pds`t. _`f` t`jue 2?0?, Fnt` bdrmdsdkp`t`e kdeanmutn Vjd 1tj Aydgeas`eae`k-fg Agvdrgr Netdre`tnge`h V`dmwgefg Lj`kpngesjnps fn Mgrd` f`e bdrj`snh kdea`etgean kdf`hn pdrueaau fn mdiu`r``e netdre`snge`h ntu. B`ey`m ldrnt` fn b`hnm mdbdrj`snh`e Fnt`. ‘B`ey`m b`eadt ldrnt` t`m tdrhup`m`e fn b`hnm ntu. \``t ntu sdj`rn h`tnj`e dkp`t m`hn. Vn`p m`hn k`u wddmdef, sdbdhuk h`tnj`e fnj`rusm`e h`rn aueuea sdb`ey`m fu` m`hn f`e sdtn`p put`r`e ntu 2? mk. Q`mtu ntu buh`e pu`s`, i`fn mnt` eaa`m pu`s`. I`uj s`k` gr`ea tu`, eaa`m fdeadr su`r` t`mbnr`e, hdb`r`e b`rdea `thdt-`thdt h`ne. Bdhuk h`an, p`s J`rn Nfuh Cntrn ntu `mu k`h`j t`efnea. V`pn `hj`kfuhnhh`j bns` f`p`t kdf`hn pdrueaau.‛ mde`ea Fnt`. Kdeurut Fnt`, kdeanmutn pdrhgkb``e `t`u mdiu`r``e t`dmwge-
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fg ntu sdl`r` tnf`m h`easuea s`k` fdea`e kdeaumur sdi`uj k`e` mdk`kpu`e fn`. ‘M`h`u h`tnj`e tdrus t`pn eaa`m nmut t`efnea ntu s`k` `i` pdrluk`, mnt` eaa`m bns` eaumur sdbdr`p` snj sdbde`rey` mdk`kpu`e mnt` fn tneam`t e`snge`h `t`u fn tneam`t h`ne. I`fn k`u eaa`m k`u j`rus bdrt`efnea.‛ ui`r Fnt`. \u`tu mdtnm`, @y`j Fnt` kde`ey`m`e kde`ey`m `e md k`e`m`j Fnt` Fn t` neane kdh`eiutm`e idei`ea pdefnfnm`e. @p`bnh` Fnt` neane bde`r-bde`r kdh`eiutm`e m`rnrey` sdb`a`n `thdt t`dmwgefg, k`m` Fnt` fns`r`em`e tdt`p kdh`eiutm`e \K@ fn R`aue`e. @p`bnh` Fnt` neane muhn`j fn TAK, @y`j Fnt` kdey`r`em`e uetum kdh`eiutm`e \K@ fn ^gay`m`rt` e`kue tdt`p f`p`t kdedmuen jgbn t`dmwgefgey`. \dtdh`j kdkpdrtnkb`eam`e b`ey`m j`h, Fnt` `mjnrey` kdh`eiutm`e sdmgh`j fn \K@ Edadrn 6 ^gay`m`rt` f`e bdr`f` fn mdh`s `thdt. Mdtnm` \K@, Fnt` tdt`p rutne kdeanmutn h`tnj`e f`e mdiu`r``e t`dmwgefg kdsmnpue tnf`m sdsdrnea sdbdhukey`. Jneaa` Fnt` bdrmuhn`j fn Nhku Dmgegkn CDB TAK pue Fnt` tdt`p kdeanmutn h`tnj`e t`dmwgefg t`dmwgefg.. Vnf`m sdnetdes sdbdhukey`, s``t muhn`j Fnt` bdrh`tnj t`dmwgefg fn
m`h` ideuj. B`aney`, bdrh`tnj t`dmwgefg kdrup`m`e tdr`pn uetum kdeaj`f`pn b`ey`mey` tua`s muhn`j y`ea fn`kpu. Bdrh`tnj t`dmwgefg kdkbdrn b`ey`m mduetuea`e b`an Fnt`, fn `et`r`ey` t`r`ey ` kdh`tnj uetum kdei`fn prnb`fn y`ea hdbnj k`efnrn, bns` kdei`a` fnrn, f`e bns` kdea`et`rm`e Fnt` md hu`r edadrn. Rdk`i` y`ea kdeyum`n mdsden`e t`rn i`w` f`e kusnm nen neane e`etney` f`p`t hdbnj tdriue md k`sy`r`m`t. ‘@mu tuj hdbnj neane mdri` sgsn`h f`e tdriue h`easuea md k`sy`r`m`t.‛ ui`r Fnt` kdeutup ldrnt`ey`. _deaj`ra``e y`ea fnpdrghdj K`j`rfjnm` \dm`r _r`kufnt`9 @. Netdre`snge`h 0. Kdf`hn pdrueaau Vjd 1tj Aydgeas`eae`k-fg Agvdrgr Netdre`tnge`h V`dmwgefg Lj`kpngesjnps 2. Kdf`hn _dr`m Vjd 0st @tk`i`y` ^gay`m`rt` Gpde Netdre`tnge`h Crndefsjnp V`dmwgefg Vgure`kdet B. E`snge`h 0. Kdf`hn pdrueaau E`a`p`ml` V`dmwgefg Gpde Vgure`kdet 2. Kdf`hn dk`s _n`h` _dkm`b
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\dk`r`ea V`dmwgefg Gpde Lj`kpngesjnp _r`-Iuengr, Iuengr I`tdea & FN^ _dsdrt` Mdiu`r``e E`snge`h V`dmwgefg `et`r __H_/__H_F _dsdrt` _dm`e Gh`jr`a` _dh` i`r E`snge`h (_G_E@\) Kdf`hn pdr`m Aubdreur Lup NN I`w` Vdea`j Gpde Kdf`hn pdrueaau TE\ Gpde Lj`kpngesjnp L`mr` Lup Kdf`hn dk`s E`tnge`h V`dmwgefg Lj`kpngesjnp A`f i`j K`f` Lup Kdf`hn pdrueaau pdrueaau _n`h` AubdrAubdreur FMN I`m`rt` ]@lj`[
@rtnmdh Fgsde
CDB TAK KDEFNFNM K@J@\N\Q@ KDEI@FN DMG DMGEGK EGK ^@EA NEVDHDMVT@H NEVDHDMVT@H Def`ea \nj _r`ptn \ukn`etgrg, Fr`., K@ _DEF@JTHT@E F`h`k dr` ‘Rdvghusn Kdet`h‛ y`ea fnl`e`eam`e ghdj prdsnfde EMRN md tuiuj, Igmg Qnfgfg, `h`eam`j b`nmey` inm` CDB“TAK turut bdrp`rtnsnp`sn, sdm`hnaus kdeueiumm`e b`jw` CDB-TAK tdh`j f`e `m`e tdrus kdh`ms`e`m`eey` fdkn Nefgedsn` y`ea hdbnj b`nm. Kdefnfnm k`j`snsw` kdei`fn sdgr`ea dmgegk tnf`mh`j suhnt, m`rde` fn snsn k`j`snsw`, suf`j fnpdrsn`pm`e kdh`hun sdhdmsn Tin`e K`sum _drauru`e _drauru`e Vneaan. Fn h`ne pnj`m, fn snsn fgsde iua` suf`j fnpdrsn`pm`e, b`nm kdh`hun adh`r k`upue md`jhn`e fgsde, fn snsn pdea`i`r`e iua` suf`j fnpdrsn`pm`e bdrup` mdlumup`e murnmuhuk, snh`bus y`ea idh`s f`e kuf`j fntdr`pm`e, f`e mu`hnt`s pdrpust`m``e sdrt` `snhnt`s pdh`y`e`e muhn`j y`ea kdk`f`n. E`kue fdknmn`e, tnf`mh`j sdfdknmn`e kuf`j kdefnfnm sdgr`ea k`j`snsw` `a`r mdh`m sdtdh`j fnwnsuf` f`p`t kdei`fn dmgegk y`ea netdhdmtu`h. H`hu, b`a`nk`e` b`a`nk`e` l`r`ey` `a`r dmgegk dmgegk y`ea fnhuhusm`e ghdj CDB-TAK iua` kdknhnmn m`r`mtdr netdhdmtu`h7 netdhdmtu`h7 B@J@\@E \dbdhuk kdh`eam`j hdbnj h`eiut, sdb`nmey` mnt` rdeueam`e, `p` `rtn f`rn ‘netdhdmtu`h‛ ntu sdefnrn. @rtn sdl`r` m`t`-m`t` (hntdr`hhy ) p`f` ukukey` f`p`t fntdkum`e fn m`kus-m`kus y`ea b`nm. _deuhns kdknhnj Jdrnt`ad Fnltnge`ry , m`rde` lumup f`p`t kdkbdrnm`e a`k`rtn`e netdhdmtu`h sdl`r` hntdr`hhy f`rn f`rn @kdrnl`e Jdrnt`ad b`r`e y`ea fnpdrhum`e. Fn b`w`j nen `f`h`j mutnp`eey`.
Netdhhdlt Egue Netdhhdltu`h @fidltnvd
Egue Netdhhdltu`hnsk Egue
(0.`) tjd `bnhnty g tjd knef tg tjnem, rd`sge, `ef hd`re= l`p`lnty gr megwhdfad `ef uefdr st`efnea. (0.b) tjd `bnhnty tg tjnem `bstr`lthy gr fddphy (0.`) g, rdh`tnea tg, gr rdqunrnea usd g tjd netdhhdlt. (0.b) r`tnge`h r`tjdr tj`e dkgtnge`h (2`) j`vnea supdrngr netdhhnadet . (2b) anvde tg hd`renea, tjnemnea `ef iufanea nfd`s. (0) ` pdrsge g tr`nedf netdhhnadeld, dsp ` pdrsge fdvgtdf tg megwhdfad (0) tjd usd g tjd netdhhdlt. (2) fdvgtnge tg dxdrlnsd gr fdvdhgpkdet g tjd netdhhdlt (<) tjd fgltrned tj`t megwhdfad ns tjd prgfult g purd rd`sge= r`tnge`hnsk..
@rtnmdh Fgsde F`rn pdeidh`s`e fn `t`s, f`p`t f`p`t fnkdeadrtn `h`s`e mdsuhnt`e kdkb`eaue m`r`mtdr ‘netdhdmtu`h‛ k`j`snsw`, m`rde` f`h`k `rde` netdhdmtu`h bdrk`ne tnf`m j`ey` uesur-uesur y`ea t`eanbhd (ey`t`) tdt`pn y`ea hdbnj b`ey`m b`ey`m h`an `f`h`j uesur-uesur y`ea y`ea ege t`eanbhd (`bstr`m), sdpdrtn knef , rd`sge, r`tnge`h, dkg-
tnge`h, y`ea mdsdku`ey` ntu, y`ea j`ey` f`p`t fnr`s`m`e. V`pn uetum kdeankphdkdet`snm`eey` f`h`k prgsds pdefnfnm`e k`j`snsw`, `m`e kdeaj`f`pn b`tu s`efuea`e y`ea s`ea`t bds`r, m`rde` f`h`k sdtn`p
Vjdgrdk. pdefnfnm`e ‘r`s`‛, ‘r`s`‛, sdh`hu bdrpgtdesn kdeaj`f`pn tjd @rrgw Nkpgssnbnhnty Vjdgrdk. ^`ea `m`e pdeuhns s`kp`nm`e fnsnen kdrup`m`e sukb`ea pnmnr `t`u megwhdfad sj`rnea (fdea`e pgtdesn tjd @rrgw Nkpgssnbnhnty Vjdgrdk ) tdet`ea `mtgr-`mtgr y`ea kdeurut jdk`t pdeuhns f`p`t kdkb`etu prgsds pdefnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h. \ukb`ea pnmnr nen bdrsukbdr f`rn bumu f`e sukbdr rddrdesn h`ne y`ea pdeuhns l`etukm`e rddrdesney` fn `mjnr tuhns`e nen sdrt` pdea`h`k`e pdeuhns kdei`fn fgsde CDB “ TAK sdh`k` <3 t`jue. 0. Kdk`j`kn Dpnstdkghgan Nhku Dmgegkn \dtn`p fnsnphne nhku p`stnh`j kdknhnmn dpnstdkghgan mdnhku`eey` k`snea-k`snea, y`ea `m`e kdei`fn pdfgk`e f`e p`efu`e l`r` pnmnr, l`r` tnef`m, l`r` bdrbu`t, l`r` bdrsnm`p, l`r` bdrbnl`r`, f`rn gr`eagr`ea y`ea kdeaadhutn bnf`ea pdeadt`ju`e mdnhku`e tdrsdbut. \dh`eiutky`, pdknhnm`e `m`e dpnstdkghgan mdnhku`e `m`e kdkbdetum m`r`mtdr netdhdmtu`h f`rn pdknhnmey`. Nhku Dmgegkn iua` kdknhnmn dpnstdkghgan mdnhku`eey`. F`s`r f`rn dpnstdkghgan nhku dmgegkn `f`h`j kdedkp`tm`e k`eusn` dmgegkn p`f` p`f` tdkp`tey`. Dpnstdkghgan Nhku Dmgegkn Dmgegkn kdeade`h 2 (fu`) tdkp`t, y`ea s`tu `f`h`j knhnm ^`ea K`j` Mu`s` (nstnh`j @f`k \kntj9 tjd `utjgr g tjd wgrhf ) f`e y`ea s`tu h`an `f`h`j knhnm mnt` sdku`, k`eusn`, k`eusn` dmgegkn, dmgegk `hukeus CDB-TAK. Vdkp`t pdrt`k` kdrup`m`e uesur ` prngrnsk prngrnsk f`rn dpnstdkghgan nhku dmgegkn. ‘@bsghutnsk ns gehy tjd rnajts g tjd `lts g AGF‛ . @p`pue y`ea kuth`m j`ey` kdrup`m`e j`m f`rn mdan`t`e ^`ea K`j` Mu`s`. Vdkp`t mdfu` kdrup`m`e uesur pr`xdghgay f`rn dpnstdkghgan dpnstdkghgan nhku dmgegkn. ‘Qj`t k`e ne dlgegknls l`e fg `rd kdrdhy nltnges, BTV jns nltnges sjguhf bd hda`hnzdf usnea < pnhh`rs9 kgr`h, hganls, `ef rdspgesnbnhnty‛ . @p`pue y`ea fnh`mum`e ghdj k`eusn` dmgegkn, sdk`t`-k`t` j`ey`h`j bdrup` nmsn, V@_N nmsn tdrsdbut j`rush`j fnhda`hns`sn kdeaaue`m`e < (tna`) pnh`r, y`ntu kgr`h, hganm` f`e pdrt`eaaueai`w`b`e. F`rn dpnstdkghgan nhku dmgegkn fn `t`s f`p`t fnmdt`jun b`jw` tdrey`t` b`ey`m uesur-uesur y`ea fnpdrhum`e uetum kdei`fn sdgr`ea dmgegk dmgegk y`ea netdhdmtu`h, `et`r` h`ne9 0. B`jw` m`rde` tdrey`t` tdkp`t k`eusn` fnbdf`m`e f`rn tdkp`t tdkp`t ^`ea ^`ea K`j` Mu`s`, i`ea`e h`eaa`r. Dmgegk tnf`m puey` j`m uetum bdrsnm`p kuth`m. Jnef`rn pdeaaue``e m`t`-m`t` kuth`m, sdpdrtn ‘pgmgmey`‛ `t`u ‘gtgk`tns‛, ‘gtgk`tns‛, jnef`rn snm`p kdr`s` p`hnea bde`r, p`hnea t`ju, m`rde` t`ep` fns`f`rn fn` tdh`j kdh`mum`e kdh `mum`e tnef`m`e y`ea bum`e kdrup`m`e j`mey` sdb`a`n k`eusn`. 2. B`jw` tdrey`t` tdrey`t` dmgegk bdrbdf` fdea`e fdea`e gr`ea-gr`ea y`ea y`ea mnt` mde`h sdb`a`n @\BTE (`s`h bueyn), @\VTH (`s`h tuhns), `t`u f`h`k b`j`s` I`w`, VGEEN (w`tge kuen) `t`u VGE^DH (w`tge eadydh), m`rde` nmsn sdgr`ea dmgegk j`rus hdw`t pdkbde`r`e ( iufadkdet ) < pnh`r9 kgr`h, hganm`, f`e pdrt`eaauei`w`b`e. <. B`jw` bdrbdf` bdrbdf` pdef`p`t (y`ea fnfumuea fnfumuea < pnh`r) f`h`k nhku dmgegkn, k`h`j fns`r`em`e, fns`r`em`e, m`rde` kdh`hun pdrfdb`t`e mdbde`r`e ntuh`j nhku dmgegkn bdrmdkb`ea, sdpdrtn y`ea fns`kp`nm`e ghdj I\ Knhh ‘ dlgegknls ns fdvdhgpdf tjrguaj fns`arddkdet ‛. 6. B`jw` tdrey`t` tdrey`t` kuf`j kdkbdf`m`e kdkbdf`m`e sdgr`ea dmgegk f`rn sdgr`ea sdgr`ea mrnkne`h y`ea kdeaaue`m`e tdgrn-tdgrn dmgegkn f`h`k pdrbu`t`e i`j`tey`, m`rde` fn` tdh`j kdh`eaa`r pnh`r dpnstdkghgay nhku dmgegkn, ut`k`ey` pnh`r ‘kgr`h‛ ‘kgr`h‛.. 4. B`jw` tdrey`t` tdrey`t` tdst hganm` sdl`r` dmsphnsnt mjusus b`an l`hge l`hge k`j`snsw` C`muht`s Dmgegkn fnpdrhum`e, uetum kdkpdrmu`t pnh`r hganm` kdrdm`. (L`t`t`e pdeuhns9 s`y`eaey` tdst hganm` sdl`r` dmsphnsnt tdrsdbut bdrjdetn s`kp`n fn \nstdk \M@HT s`i`, sdtdh`jey`, fn`eaa`p suf`j nkphnsnt f`h`k sg`h-sg`h tdst k`sum ukuk). 3. B`jw` tdrey`t` pdrt`eaaueai`w`b`e f`h`k ‘nmsn‛ sdgr`ea dmgegk lruln`h= f`e m`rde` pdrt`eaauei`w`b`e y`ea suhnt fnb`et`j `f`h`j pdrt`eaaueai`w`b`e mu`etnt`tn, ntuh`j sdb`bey`
@rtnmdh Fgsde
1.
`muht`s dmgegkn j`rus kdea`i`rm`e k`t`muhn`j-k`t`muhn`j mu`etnt`tn, sdpdrtn k`tdk`tnm`, st`tnstnm`, f`e dmgegkdtrnm`. B`jw` kdsmnpue f`h`k fuen` nhku dmgegkn dmgegkn tnf`m `f` ‘k`hpr`mtdm‛ ‘k`hpr`mtdm‛ sdpdrtn f`h`k fuen` nhku mdfgmtdr`e, kns`ey`, tdrey`t` pdrt`eaauei`w`b`e sdgr`ea dmgegk hdbnj bdr`t, m`rde` pdrt`eaaueai`w`b`e ntu sdf`h`k j`ra` fnrney`. \dm`hn dmgegk a`a`h kdkpdrt`eaaueai`w`bm`e ‘nmsn‛ ey`, fn` i`tuj md hdkb`j @\BTE, @\VTH, VGEEN f`e VGE^DH.
2. Kdk`j`kn L`r` Kdea`i`r _nhnj`e Fgsde L`r` kdea`i`r `m`e kdkbu`jm`e j`snh y`ea sdsu`n fdea`e l`r` kdea`i`r tdrsdbut. Fuen` pdefnfnm`e, mjususey` fn Tevdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` ^gay`m`rt`, kdea`eut snstdk pdefnfnm`e ‘Mdbdb`s`e Knkb`r‛, Knkb`r‛, y`ea kdkbdrnm`e mdbdb`s`e prgsds bdh`i`r-kdea`i`r sdhu`s-hu`sey` mdp`f` fgsde f`e k`j`snsw` sdp`e i`ea sde`etn`s` bdr`f` f`h`k mgrnfgr r`kbu-r`kbu kgr`h pdefnfnm`e, vnsn, f`e knsn Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f`. F`h`k mdbdb`s`e knkb`r nenh`j tn`p fgsde kdedetum`e snstdk f`e l`r` y`ea `m`e fntdr`pm`eey` f`h`k mdh`s bdh`i`r-kdea`i`rey`. M`rde` pnhnj`e fgsde bdrv`rn`sn, pdeuhns `m`e kdey`kp`nm`eey` f`rn sufut p`ef`ea pdea`h`k`e fnrn. \dpdeadt`ju`e pdeuhns `f` < (tna`) l`r` y`ea f`p`t fnpnhnj9 (0) k`j`snsw` kdeajgrk`tn fgsde= (2) k`j`snsw` f`e fgsde kntr` m`kpus= `t`u (<) fgsde kdeajgrk`tn k`j`snsw`. L`r` (0) h`znk fnh`mum`e fn Nefgedsn`, f`e f `e sdrneam`hn ‘mdb`bh`s`e‛ kdeydrup`n duf`hnsk systdk (y`ea pdeuhns tnf`m sum`). F`h`k l`r` (0), tua`s ut`k` fgsde `f`h`j ‘nhnea‛, pdrp`ei`ea``e t`ea`e f`rn bumu-bumu tdms. ‘Megwhdfad ns tg bd uefdrstggf‛ kdrup`m`e kdrup`m`e pdel`p`n`e f`rn l`r` (0) nen. L`r` (2) h`znk fnaue`m`e fn @kdrnm` \drnm`t. F`h`k l`r` (2) jubuea`e fgsde-k`j`snsw` sdt`r sdt`r`, `, `f` fdkgmr`sn fn mdh`s, `f` fnsmusn. ‘Megwhdfad ns tg bd fnadstdf‛ suf`j suf`j kuh`n kdei`fn tua`s t`kb`j`e l`r` kdea`i`r kdea`i`r fgsde. L`r` (2) nen puh` y`ea kdei`fn i`w`b`e i`w`b`e pdeuhns f`h`k netdrvndw kdh`k`r bd`snsw` Cuhbrnajt md @\. ‘N w`et tg hd`re jgw fdkglr`ly ns `pphndf ne ygur lh`ssrggks‛. (Vdrey`t` pdeuhns iua` tnf`m kdr`s` ey`k`e ey`k`e fdea`e l`r` (2) nen, m`rde` m`rde` suhnt kdedetum`e umur`e umur`e ‘sdt`r`‛). ‘sdt`r`‛). L`r` (<) h`znk fnaue`m`e fn Neaarns (pdeuhns kdkdrghdjey` p`f` w`mtu kdeanmutn sjgrt lgursd fn Bnrkneaj`k Tenvdrsnty). _deaaue``e l`r` (<) kdeuetut fgsde sde`etn`s` kdeneam`tm`e pdeadt`ju`e `m`e mdnhku`e y`ea fn`kpu uetum f`p`t kdh`y`en mdbutuj`e mdneanet`ju`e k`j`snsw`. B`ruh`j l`r` (<) nen pdeuhns kdr`s` lglgm, ut`k`ey` m`rde` sdsu`n lnt`-lnt` pdeuhns sdb`a`n auru. _del`p`n`e f`rn l`r` (<) nen `f`h`j ‘Megwhdfad ns egt tg bd uefdrstggf, megwhdfad ns tg bd fnadstdf‛ Q`mtu pdeuhns bdrt`ey` mdp`f` p`r` fgsde fn Neaarns, kdea`p` fgsde j`rus kdeajgrk`tn k`j`snsw`7 I`w`b`e kdrdm` s`ea`t s`ea`t kdku`sm`e ‛gbsdsn ‛gbsdsn auru‛ p`f` fnrn pdeuhns9 ‘Bdl`usd rgk ` rdspdltdf adedr`tnge tjdrd wnhh bd ` rdspdltuh adedr`tnge‛. Qgw, bdt`p` kuhn`. <.
Kdk`j`kn _nhnj`e _deaaue``e B`j`s` \dtn`p nes`e kdk`sumn `rde` pdkbdh`i`r`e kdey`f`rn b`jw` `f` < (tna`) b`j`s` y`ea f`p`t fnaue`m`e f`h`k kdh`mum`e mgkuenm`sn9 b`j`s` prnb`fn, b`j`s` `a`k`, ` a`k`, f`e b`j`s` netdhdmtu`h. (0). B`j`s` _rnb`fn B`j`s` prnb`fn `f`h`j b`j`s` y`ea sdj`rn-j`rn fnaue`m`e, bn`s`ey` kdhnputn b`j`s` dtenm/f`dr dtenm/f`dr-`j b`nm tdrm`nt fnrney` `t`upue tdrm`nt gr`ea-gr`ea fn sdmnt`rey`, f`e iua` b`j`s` mdsum``eey`. (B`j`s` prnb`fn pdeuhns kdhnputn b`j`s` Nefgedsn`, b`j`s` I`w`, b`j`s` b`j`s` \uef`, f`e b`j`s` b`j`s` Neaarns). (2). B`j`s` @a`k` \drnea mnt` kdefdea`r ul`p`e-ul`p`e gr`ea y`ea f`p`t kdeueiumm`e `a`k` y`ea fn`eut ghdj gr`ea tdrsdbut. Lgetgj, uetum kdeaul`pm`e s`h`k9 @ss`h`ku`h`nmuk Qr. Qb, \j`hgk, Gk \w`sty`stu, \`h`k \di`jtdr` f`e sdtdrusey`. B`j`s` _rnb`fn f`e B`j`s` @a`k` bdrpgtdesn kdkns`jm`e mdhgkpgm gr`ea y`ea s`tu fdea`e mdhgkpgm gr`ea y`ea h`ne, m`rde` pdrbdf``e y`ea `f`. (<). B`j`s` Netdhdmtu`h B`j`s` Netdhdmtu`h `f`h`j b`j`s` y`ea uenvdrs`h, tnf`m bdrpgtdesn kdkns`jm`e, m`rde` pdkbde`r`e (iufadkdet) y`ea fnpdriu`eam`e j`ey` s`tu, y`ntu y`ntu MDBDE@R@E. Bdr`en kdey`t`m`e kdey`t`m`e fnrn sdb`a`n netdhdmtu`h bdr`rtn bdr`en kdeyu`r`m`e kdey u`r`m`e MDBDE@R@E. Dpnstdkghgan nhku dmgegkn kdkbdrn mdsdkp`t`e kueluhey` bdrb`a`n nmsn uetum kdefumuea
@rtnmdh Fgsde sdtn`p s`tu mdbde`r`e. mdbde`r`e. J`h nenh`j y`ea kdeydb`bm`e b`j`s` netdhdmtu`h netdhdmtu`h y`ea fnaue`m`e f`h`k prgsds bdh`i`r “ kdea`i`r f`h`k nhku dmgegkn kueluh f`h`k bdrb`a`n bdetum, `et`r` h`ne. 0). Hntdr`h - @hhdagrnl`h 2). Qj`t nt ns - Qj`t Bdygef <). Egrk`tnvd “ _gsntnvd 6). Lgkkgesdesd - Egesdesd 4). C`ltu`h Jypgtjdsns “ Lguetdr C`ltu`h Jypgtjdsns 3). Fdfultnvd - Nefultnvd V`kp`mey` tn`p p`s`ea`e f`h`k b`j`s`-b`j`s` tdrsdbut fn `t`s sdpdrtn s`hnea bdrh`w`e`e, tdt`pn y`ea sdsueaaujey` kdrdm` s`hnea kdhdeam`pn f`e kdeueiumm`e b dt`p` tdrbum`ey` tdrbum`ey` pnetu pdrbdf``e t`ep` j`rus kdkns`jm`e, m`rde` y`ea fnpdriu`eam`e s`k`, y`ntu MDBDE@R@E y`ea s`tu `t`u nhku dmgegkn kdeade`hey` sdb`a`n `htrunsk `t`u sdhhdssedss. Fn s`kpnea b`j`s` netdhdmtu`h tdrsdbut fn `t`s, nhku dmgegkn iua` kdeaaue`m`e b`j`s`“b` j`s` h`ne f`h`k pdel`rn`e mdbde`r`e nmsn sdgr`ea dmgegk. ^`ea ^`ea b`ey`m fnaue`m`e `f`h`j B`j`s` K`tdk`tnm` (_`uh \`kudhsge, kns`hey`, kdeaj`f`pn mdsuhnt`e f`h`k k deidh`sm`e mdbde`r`e f`rn tdgrn y`ea neane fnidh`sm`eey`, f`h`k bumuey` ‘Cguef`tnge g Dlgegknl @e`hysns‛, kdeaaue`m`e b`etu`e b`j`s` k`tdk`tnm`, fdea`e tdrhdbnj fuhu kdr`s` k dr`s` pdrhu uetum kdeuhnsm`e mutnp`e f`rn I Qnhh`rf Anbbs ‘K`tjdk`tnls ns ` h`eau`ad‛ ). ). Vdet`ea b`j`s` netdhdmtu`h, bdrnmut nen sdbu`j nhustr`sn. F`h`k sdbu`j `l`r` pdefnfnm`e md`a`k``e fn sdbu`j st`snue tdhdvnsn, sdgr`ea pdkbnl`r` kdei`w`b pdrt`ey``e sdgr`ea nbu tdet`ea `p`m`j `a`k` Nsh`k kdrup`m`e `a`k` tdrb`nm. \db`a`n pdegetge, pdeuhns kdelgb` kdedrm` b`j`s` `p` y`ea `m`e bdhn`u aue`m`e. Bdhn`u bdrdtenm @r`b, bdr`a`k` Nsh`k, f`e bdrprgdsn sdb`a`n sdgr`ea prgdssgr, nes`e m`kpus. @p`m`j bdhn`u `m`e kdei`w`b kdeaaue`m`e b`j`s` prnb`fn, b`j`s` `a`k`, `t`um`j b`j`s` netdhdmu`h7 Vdrey`t` Vdrey`t` bdhn`u kdknhnj kdeaaue`m`e b`j`s` nedhdmtu`h. Mur`ea hdbnjey` nen i`w`b`e bdhn`u. ‘Fn fuen` nen tnf`m `f` `a`k` y`ea p`hnea b`nm. \dku` `a`k` b`nm, m`rde` `a`k` `f`h`j m`ruen` pdrtghgea`e f`rn ^`ea K`j` Mu`s` uetum kdeghgea uk`t k`eusn` kdea`t`sn mdsuhnt`e y`ea fnj`f`pn p`f` k`s` `a`k` ntu fnturuem`e‛. 6. Kdk`j`kn M`r`mtdr B`eas` Nefgedsn` _dk`j`k`e `m`e m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn` fnpdrhum`e uetum kde`m`r fdr`i`t mdsuhnt`e f`h`k pdefnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h. Kdea`p` Nefdms _drsdpsn Mgrupsn Nefgedsn` burum= kdea`p` fn `et`r` stgk`lj (pdrut) f`e fnaenty (j`ra` (j`ra` fnrn) k`snj b`ey`m y`ea hdbnj kdknhnj pdrut kdsmnpue fdea`e mgesdmudesn j`ra` fnrney` j`elur= kdea`p` fn `et`r` Kd`enea f`e Kgedy , y`ea mdfu` y`ea hdbnj b`ey`m fnpnhnj, kdsmnpue b`eas` Nefgedsn` t`ju pdp`t`j ‘a`i`j k`tn kdeneaa`hm`e a`fnea, j`rk`u k`tn kdeneaa`hm`e bdh`ea‛. bdh`ea‛. \dku`ey` tnf`m tdrhdp`s f`rn m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn`, y`ea fn t`t`r`e sdh`eiutey` kdkdea`rujn tneam`t mdsuhnt`e y`ea fnj`f`pn f`h`k pdefnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h. Tetum ntu, pdrhu mnt` rdeueam`e b`a`nk`e` sdsueaaujey` m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn`7 _deuhns tnf`m bdrus`j` uetum kdei`fn sdgr`ea `jhn sdi`r`j, `t`u `jhn `etjrgpghgay , j`ey` sj`rnea megwhdfad uetum fnrdeueam`e. B`ey`m y`ea bdrpdef`p`t b`jw` m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn` s`ea`t fnpdea`rujn ghdj f`kp`m `t`u `mnb`t f`rn pdei`i`j`e “ pdei`i`j`e y`ea fn`h`kn b`eas` Nefgedsn` y`ea tgt`hey` sdh`k` sdmnt`r <4? t`jue. Mnt` kdeade`h < (tna`) k`l`k l`r` pdei`i`j`e, (0) l`r` l`r` \p`eygh “ _grtuans y`ea y`ea fn s`kpnea kdea`kbnh mdm`y``e f`rn i`i`j`eey` iua` iua` kdeydb`rm`e `a`k` M`tghnm Rgk`wn. L`r` nen `et`r` `et`r` h`ne kdkbu`t kueluhey` dtenm b`ru y`ea fnsdbut Qdstdre Jdknspjdrd y`ea b`j`s`, `a`k`, l`r` pdkbdrn`e e`k`e kdeanmutn pdei`i`jey`. (2) L`r` Neaarns y`ea fn s`kpnea kdea`kbnh mdm`y``e f`rn i`i`j`eey` iua` kdeydb`rm`e-hukdey db`rm`e-hu`sm`e mdbds`r`e Neaarns kdh`hun snstdk snstdk pdefnfnm`e Neaarns p`f` b`eas` i`i`j`eey`. L`r` nen kdkbu`t p`sl` pdei`i`j`epue kdrdm` sum`rdh` k`u kdei`fn w`ra` lgkkgewd`htj. (<) L`r` Bdh`ef` y`ea tuiu`e ut`k`ey` kdea`kbnh mdm`y``e f`rn i`i`j`eey` f`e sdrneam`hn t`ep` sda`e-sda sda`e-sda`e `e kdeaj`elurm`e j`ra` fnrn b`eas` y`ea fni`i`j. Fn `et`r` < l`r` l`r` tdrsdbut Nefgedsn` kdedrnk` l`r` (<). R`my`t I`w` f`h`k p`ef`ea`e pdei`i`j j`ey`h`j fn`eaa`p sdb`a`n ‘mgwd‛ (f`h`k b`j`s` I`w` `rtn ‘mgwd‛ `f`h`j `e`m mdr`) f`e ‘mgdhn‛ (k`eusn` tde`a`, t`ep` gt`m/pnmnr`e). _dei`i`j`e kdeneaa`hm`e b`eas` Nefgedsn` f`h`k md`f``e pdrut h`p`r f`e j`ra` fnrn j`elur. K`e` y`ea j`rus fnb`eaue fuhu7 \dbu`j pdea`kbnh`e mdputus`e y`ea suhnt y`ea j`rus fnh`mum`e ghdj pdknkpne Nefgedsn`. Kdknhnj stgk`lj bdr`rtn kdh`eiutm`e bdra`etuea p`f`
@rtnmdh Fgsde b`etu`e `snea, y`ea bdr`rtn fnaenty kdei`fn kdei`fn sdk`mne j`elur= kdknhnj fnaenty bdr`rtn bdr`rtn pdrut h`p`r. _rdsnfde pdrt`k` pdrt`k` Nefgedsn`, Nr. \gdm`reg, kdknhnj kdkb`eaue fnaenty fuhu, fuhu, e`snge`hnskd Nefgedsn` fuhu, j`ra` fnrn b`eas` Nefgedsn` fuhu. Kdh`hun Mgedrdesn @@ f`e AEB e`k` bds`r Nefgedsn` kdefuen`. \gdm`reg kdeydtuiun usuh`e Cr`es M`sndpg (p`jh`w`e pdriu`ea`e kdrdbut mdkb`hn Nrn`e B`r`t) uetum kdegh`m pdeaaue``e e`k` ‘_`pu`‛ pdkbdrn`e pdei`i`j f`e kdknhnj e`k` ‘Nrn`e B`r`t‛ y`ea sdh`eiutey` kdei`fn ‘Nrn`e I`y`‛, m`rde` f`h`k b`j`s` Enduw Auned` e`k` ‘_`pu`‛ bdr`rtn bgfgj, k`h`s, f`e mgtgr , sdf`eam`e e`k` ‘Nrn`e‛ f`h`k b`j`s` Bn`m `rtney` ‘k`t`j`rn kdeaj`h`u m`but kdkueluhm`e j`r`p`e‛ (Netns`rn dfnsn @austus 2?04). \dh`eiutey`, sdi`r`j kdeueiumm`e _rdsnfde mdfu` Nefgedsn`, \gdj`rtg, tnf`m kdh`eiutm`e pnhnj`e pdef`juhuey`, kdh`nem`e bdra`etn pnhnj`e kdei`fn stgk`lj, rdskn, fdea`e gra`ens`sn eda`r`-eda`r` fgegr bdrmukpuh f`h`k NAAN (Netdr Agvdrekdet`h Argup Ge Nefgedsn`). Nenh`j y`ea hda`ly ey` ey` turut `efnh f`h`k mdbneauea`e b`eas` Nefgedsn` p`f` sdtn`p kdeaj`f`pn pnhnj`e-pnhnj`e tdrm`nt pnhnj`e `et`r` pdrut f`e j`ra` fnrn. Mdbneauea`e nen puh` y`ea kde`kb`j bdb`e mdsuhnt`e pdefnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h fn Nefgedsn`. Vdrm`nt kdk`j`kn m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn` `f` b`nmey` mnt` iua` kdeadt`juney` f`rn sufut p`ef`ea gr`ea `snea. _drnstnw`ey` p`f` `l`r` Vdku Vdku @huken Brntnsj Lguelnh `w`h 0>>:, 0 >>:, fn jgtdh \`jnf I`h`e \ufnk`e, I`m`rt`, audst spd`mdr ey` ey` Fut` Bds`r Neaarns uetum Nefgedsn`. Nen ldrnt` s`ea audst spd`mdr mdp`f` j`fnrne, f`h`k b`j`s` Neaarns, y`ea s`fur`e bdb`sey` m `f`h`j sdb`a`n bdrnmut. ‘_`f` su`tu j`rn Vuj`e Vuj`e kdeauef`ea < (tna`) prdsnfde, Bnhh Lhnetge, In`ea Ydkne, f`e \gdj`rtg. _ds`e Vuj`e s`ea`t sneam`t9 s neam`t9 F`h`k tna` j`rn h`an mn`k`t `m`e f`t`ea, bdrnt`ju r`my`tku. Lhnetge kdey`kp`nm`e pds`e Vuj`e mdp`f` r`my`tey`9 \`y` puey` 2 (fu`) bdrnt` uetumku, s`tu bdrnt` b`aus, f`e y`ea s`tu h`an bdrnt` burum . Bdrnt` b`ausey`, ‘Agf bhdss @kdrnl`‛, bdrnt` burumey` ‘f`h`k tna` j`rn h`an mn`k`t `m`e f`t`ea, bdrsn`p-sn`ph`j‛. (Mgkdet`r pdeuhns9 pdenh`n`e pdkbnl`r` tdet`ea m`r`mtdr m`r`mtdr b`eas` @kdrnm` \drnm`t, \ drnm`t, bde`r, m`rde` b`eas` @kdrnm` \drnm`t pdea`eut nhgsgn ‘ljdlm `ef b`h`elds‛ , m`h`u `f` y`ea b`nm p`stn `f` y`ea burum. Iua` fna`kb`rm`e m`r`mtdr b`eas` @kdrnm` \drnm`t b`nm, m`rde` kdsmnpue y`ea fnuef`ea Vuj`e 0 gr`ea, t`pn fns`kp`nm`e b`jw` y`ea fns`y`ean Vuj`e `f`h`j sdhuruj b`eas` @kdrnm` \drnm`t). \dh`eiutey` fnldrnt`m fnldrnt`m`e `e ‘In`ea Ydkne9 \`y` puey` 2 (fu`) bdrnt` burum uetumku. Bdrnt` burum y`ea pdrt`k`, ‘tdrey`t` Vuj`e ntu `f`‛, bdrnt` burum y`ea mdfu` ‘f`h`k tna` j`rn h`an mn`k`t `m`e f`t`ea, bdr sn`p-sn`ph`j‛.. sn`p-sn`ph`j‛ (Mgkdet`r pdeuhns9 pdenh`n`e pdkbnl`r` tdet`ea m`r`mtdr b`eas` Ljne`, pdeuhns sdtuiu, m`rde` m`r`mtdr b`eas` Ljne` fnmde`h kdh`emghns). ^`ea tdr`mjnr tdr`mjnr fnldrnt`m`e fnldrnt`m`e ‘\gdj`rtg9 \`y` puey` 2 (fu`) bdrnt` b`aus uetumku. Bdrnt` b`aus y`ea pdrt`k`, ‘k`s`m y` y`ea fnuef`ea Vuj`e j`ey` tna` gr`ea, s`y` tdrnmut‛, bdrnt` b`aus y`ea mdfu` ‘i`ea`e t`mut f`kp`m MRN\KGE, f`h`k tna` j`rn h`an f`kp`m MRN\KGE `m`e sdhds`n‛. sdhds`n‛. (Mgkdet`r pdeuhns9 (MRN\KGE tdri`fn Iuhn 0>>1. \`y` pdrsnh`jm`e pdkb`l` kdkbdrn mgkdet`r sdefnrn tdrj`f`p pdenh`n`e pdkbnl`r` y`ea gr`ea `snea tdet`ea m`r`mtdr b`eas` Nefgedsn`). _DETVT_ _defnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h k`j`snsw` fn CDB-TAK fnj`r`pm`e `m`e kdeaj`snhm`e dmgegk “ dmgegk y`ea netdmtu`h, y`ea mdh`m k`kpu ‘Bdmdri` V`ep` _`krnj, Bdmdri` Fdea`e j`tn‛. _defnfnm`e netdhdmtu`h fn CDB-TAK suf`j fnh`mum`e kdh`hun 2 (fu`) i`hur9 (0). \dl`r` nkphnsnt f`h`k sdtn`p k`t`muhn`j y`ea fn`i`rm`e. \djneaa`, kns`hey`9 • K`j`snsw` k`kpu kdkb`l` tdgrn ‘h`b` k`msnkuk‛ f`e tdgrn ‘t`j`p prgfumsn md NN y`ea r`snge`h‛, sdb`a`n ‘ K`e purpgsd, Agf fnspgsd‛ • Fgsde pdea`i`r tgpnm ‘prgfumsn‛ kdr`s` pdrhu knet` k`` tdrhdbnj fuhu m`rde` tdgrn y`ea `m`e fn`i`rm`e (kdeagh`j neput kdei`fn gutput) kdrup`m`e s`h`j s`tu pdedydb`b mdknsmne`e Nefgedsn`, kdei`fnm`e Nefgedsn` tdrsueamur f`rn prgfusde / dmspgrtnr kdei`fn edttg nkpgrtnr.. • B`lmw`rf Bdefnea \upphy g H`bgr bns` fnb`l` ‘pdef`p`t`e j`snh mdri` mdri` ntu `f` b`t`s mdlumup`emdlumup`eey`‛ • Kdeadt`jun b`jww` `i`r`e tdet`ea snstdk dmgegkn, tnf`m tdrhdp`s f`rn `i`r`e `a`k`, m`rde` kdeurut Nbe Mj`hfue, fu` dhdkde y`ea `f` fn f`h`key` iua` tdrf`p`t f`h`k `i`r`e `a`k`, nefnvnfu`hnsk (j`bhukne`hh`j) f`e sgln`h netdr`ltnge (j`bhuk kne`ee`s).
@rtnmdh Fgsde (2). \dl`r` dmsphnsnt f`h`k k`t`muhn`j k `t`muhn`j \di`r`j _dknmnr`e _dknmnr`e Nhku Dmgegkn. F`h`k k`t`muhn`j nen pdefnm`e netdhdmtu`h fnh`mum`e kdh`hun pdea`y``e, prdsdet`sn, f`e fdb`t tdet`ea nsn pdknmnr`e netdhdmtu`h fn bnf`ea dmgegkn f`rn p`r` pdknmnr kuh`n f`rn i`k`e ^ue`en Mueg, Rgk`wn, Mrnstn`entn, Nsh`k, Grtjgfgx, Jdtdrgfgx , Kgfdre, s`kp`n fdea`e y`ea sdm`r`ea, pdknmnr`e p`r` Egbdh H`urd`tds.
Rdcdrdesn -------------, (0>:0), Vjd @kdrnl`e Jdrnt`ad Fdsm Fnltnge`ry, Jguajtge Knhne Lgkp`ey. Vwdetndtj tj Ldetury , Adgrad @hhde `ef L`hfwdhh, B.I., (0>:2), Bdygef _gsntnvnsk9 Dlgegknl Kdtjgfghgay ne tjd Vwdetnd Tewne, Fgbb, K, (0>:0), Vjdgrnds g S`hud `ef Fnstrnbutnge \neld @f`k \kntj , L`kbrnfad Tenvdrsnty _rdss. Crndfk`e, K, (0>4<), Dss`ys ne _gsntnvd Dlgegknls, Vjd Tenvdrsnty g Ljnl`ag _rdss. Crndfk`e, K, (0>:2), L`pnt`hnsk `ef Crddfgk , Vjd Tenvdrsnty g Ljnl`ag _rdss. Netns`rn, (2?04), Dfnsn Mjusus1? V`jue Nefgedsn` Kdrfdm`9 Mns`j \gdm`reg , Ar`kdfn`. Mj`hfue, Nbe, (0>:1), Vjd Kuq`ffnk`j9 @e Netrgfultnge tg Jnstgry , _rneldtge Tenvdrsnty _rdss. Knen, _.S., (0>16), _jnhgsgpjy `ef Dlgegknls , Vjd Tenvdrsnty rdssds g Chgrnf`. \`kudhsge, _.@., (0>10), Vjd Cguef`tnges g Dlgegknl @e`hysns , J`rv`rf Tenvdrsnty _rdss. E`turd `ef L`usds g Vjd Qd`htj g E`tnges, Vjd Kgfdre Hnbr`ry. \kntj, @f`k, (0><1), @e Nequnry Netg Vjd E`turd \pndadh, J.Q., (0>:<), Vjd Argwtj g Dlgegknl Vjguajt , Fumd Tenvdrsnty _rdss. D lgegknls Hdlturds, @sja`td _ubhnsjnea Lgkp`ey. Y`jm`, Q.I., (0>>2), Vjd Egbdh _rnzd Dlgegknls V`kb`j`e (fnuefuj p`f` 2: gmtgbdr 2?03) jttp9//ph`tg.st`egrf.dfu/detrnds/dpnst detrnds/dpnstdkghgay dkghgay 0. \t`egrf Delylhgpdfn` g _jnhgsgpjy f`rn jttp9//ph`tg.st`egrf.dfu/ 2. jttp9//www.nkpgrt`eldgpjnhgsgpjy.lgk/DpnstdkghgayWK`ne.jtkh <. _`uh V. \`a`h , Ydntsljrnc ør `hhadkdned Qnssdeslj`cstjdgrnd / Qnssdeslj`cstjdgrnd / Igure`h gr Adedr`h _jnhgsgpjy g \lndeld Sgh. :, Eg. 0 (0>11), pp. 066-032 _ubhnsjdf by9 \prneadr \t`bhd TRH9 jttp9//www.istgr.gra jttp9//www.istgr.gra /st`bhd/2401?623
Bd`snsw` & Rdmrutkde
_dhu`ea M`rnr fn _V Nefgs`t Ggrdfgg, Vbm. _V Nefgs`t Ggrdfgg, Vbm. kdrup`m`e pdrus`j``e tdhdmgkuenm`sn tdrmdkum` fn Nefgedsn`. \``t nen kdkbutujm`e m`ry`w`e uetum bdra`buea f`h`k pdrus`j``e. _def`c`r`e gehned sdbdhuk t`eaa`h 04 I`eu`rn 2?01. Necgrk`sn hdbnj h`eiut f`p`t fn`msds fn h`k`e9 jttp9//l`rddrs.nefgs`tggrdfgg.lgk
Bd`snsw` Bdrmhdy 2?01/2?0: Bdrmhdy `m`e kdkbdrnm`e bd`snsw` pdefnfnm`e mdp`f` `huken uetum kdh`eiutm`e stufn fn Edw ^grm Tenvdrsnty. Bdrm`s h`k`r`e fnmnrnkm`e sdbdhuk t`eaa`h 04 K`rdt 2?01. Necg hdbnj h`eiut f`p`t fn`msds fn h`k`e9 jttp9//www.stdre.eyu.dfu/prgar`ks-`fknssnges/cuhh-tnkd-kb`/lgkkuenty/ bdrmhdy-sljgh`rs
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`i`j-w`i`j b`ru mn`e kde`kb`j r`k`j su`s`e` b`an`e mdu`ea`e fn C`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK). Kdrdm` `f`h`j Vrn _urw`etg, Q`jyu Qni`y`etg, Q`efn, \.Mgk f`e \um`reg. B`ey`m mns`j y`ea tdrsnkp`e fnb`hnm netdar`sn \ukbdr F`y` K`eusn` (\FK) y`ea fnh`mum`e TAK bdbdr`p` s``t h`hu. Netdar`sn nen kdrup`m`e s`h`j s`tu up`y` uetum kdeaur`ean bdb`e mdri` fn b`an`e mdu`ea`e `muht`s. \dpdrtn y`ea fn`h`kn Vrn _urw`etg, s`h`j s`tu st` b`an`e ukuk \FK, f`e Q`jyu Qni`y`etg, st` b`an`e ukuk pdrhdeam`p`e. \di`m t`jue 2??<, _urw`etg f`e Q`jyu s`k`-s`k` bdrtua`s sdb`a`n sdlurnty fn Qnsk` KK. Netdar`sn nen kdrup`m`e t`et`ea`e tdrsdefnrn b`an kdrdm` y`ea fuhuey` bdmdri` kgegtge, sdm`r`ea pdmdri``eey` kdei`fn hdbnj mgkphdms. @w`hey`, _urw`etg kdea`mu m`adt s``t mdhu`rey` \ur`t Mdputus`e (\M) y`ea kdey`t`m`e kdey`t`m`e fnrney` pnef`j tua`s tua`s fn CDB TAK. N` y`ea fuhuey` bdmdri` bdmdri` sjnc f`e hnbur tnf`m kdedetu, sdm`r`ea pnef`j bdmdri` fn m`etgr`e fdea`e tua`s f`e t`eaauea i`w`b y`ea hdbnj tdetuey`. Bde`r-bde`r su`tu mdsdkp`t`e y`ea b`nm. ‘Vnf`m kdey`eam` s`k` sdm`hn. M`adt bns` pnef`j f`rn fuhuey` y`ea j`ey` sdgr`ea sdlurnty. Mdsdkp`t`e y`ea b`nm nen s`y` syumurn fdea`e bdmdri` sdb`nm kueamne,‛ idh`s _urw`etg. _urw`tg kdeidh`sm`e, kdsmn tua`sey` bdrbdf` i`uj f`rn s``t kdei`fn sdlurnty, e`kue n` tnf`m kdr`s` mdsus`j`e. Mueln fnb`hnm sdku` ntu `f`h`j bdrus`j` kdkbdrnm`e y`ea tdrb`nm, tdrus bdh`i`r sdrt` i`ea`e pdre`j k`hu uetum bdrt`ey` mdp`f` y`ea hdbnj sdengr. Q`jyu Qni`y`etg kde`kb`jm`e, pdmdri``eey` s``t nen sdb`a`n pdea`w`s sdhuruj `snhnt`s fn CDB kdkbu`t fnrney` hdbnj bdrsdk`ea`t uetum tdrus kdeneam`tm`e mu`hnt`s mdri`. J`h nen fnh`mum`e fdea`e l`r` sdh`hu kdeyusue rdel`e` tdrj`f`p sdtn`p pdmdri``e y`ea `m`e fnmdri`m`eey`. ‘F`juhu m`h`u k`u mdri` y` bdr`eam`t s`i`, m`h`u sdm`r`ea sdbdhuk tnfur knmnr bdsgm nen k`u `p` sdtdh`j ntu `p`, i`fn mdri`eey` tdrdel`e`,‛ ueam`p Q`jyu. H`ne j`hey` fdea`e Q`efn, \.Mgk, s`h`j s`tu prgar`kkdr CDB s``t nen. \dbdhukey`, Q`efn bdmdri` fn b`an`e NV K`anstdr K`e`idkde sdi`m t`jue 2?0?. Q`efn kdea`mu b`jw` netdar`sn nen kdkbu`t tua`sey` sdk`mne gmus. ‘\dbde`rey`, mdri``eey` s`k`-s`k` sdb`a`n prgar`kkdr, e`kue fuhu s`kpnea`eey` b`ey`m sdpdrtn vnfdgar`pjdr, gtg, sdrt` tdmensn f`f`m`e inm` `f` k`s`h`j. \dm`r`ea bns` hdbnj gmus uetum kdk`et`u f`e kdkbu`t prgar`k,‛ ueam`p Q`efn. J`h nen fnr`s`m`e iua` ghdj \um`reg. H`mn-h`mn 61 t`jue nen fuhu bdrtua`s sdb`a`n sdlurnty wnsk` KK f`e sdm`r`ea bdrpnef`j kdei`fn sdlurnty CDB. Kdsmn tua`s f`e t`eaauea i`w`bey` s`k` y`ntu kdei`a` md`k`e`e, e`kue \um`reg kdea`mu tua`sey` kdei`fn hdbnj rnea`e. F`juhu, fn` j`rus kdeadhu`rm`e tde`a` dmstr` kdeanea`t pdeaueiuea wnsk` KK bdr`s`h f`rn bdrb`a`n m`h`ea`e. \dm`r`ea, \um`reg kdea`mu hdbnj kuf`j uetum kdeade`hn gr`ea m`rde` sdtn`p j`rney` fn` sdh`hu bdrtdku fdea`e gr`ea y`ea s`k`. J`h nen iua`h`j y`ea kdkbu`tey` fnrney` `mr`b fdea`e fgsde-fgsde. ‘\dm`r`ea mdri`ey` hdbnj de`m, b`jm`e bns` `mr`b s`k` fgsde-fgsde y`ea r`s`ey` suf`j sdpdrtn mdhu`ra` sdefnrn,‛ tdr`eaey`. Q`jyu,_urw`etg, f`e \um`reg kde`kb`jm`e, kdrdm` kdr`s` fnuetueam`e fdea`e tnf`m `f`ey` sjnc s``t bdmdri`. Kdrdm` kdea`mu, nenh`j y`ea kdkbu`tey` sdk`ea`t bdmdri` m`rde` `mjnrey` kdrdm` bns` kdknhnmn w`mtu hdbnj b`ey`m uetum mdhu`ra` f`e tdetuey` bdrsgsn`h fn k`sy`r`m`t. ]Kdy[
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M`reg
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Kde`etn Q`i`j B`ru CDB TAK
K@NE DEVR@ELD
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`muht`s Dmgegknm` f`e Bnsens Tenvdrsnt`s A`fi`j K`f` (CDB TAK) nfdetnm fdea`e adfuea _drt`kne` Vgwdr y`ea a`a`j bdrfnrn kdeaj`f`p md sdh`t`e. @m`e tdt`pn, sdi`m fntutupey` `msds kdeuiu I`h`e \gsng Juk`engr`, mdef`r``e tnf`m bns` kdhnet`sn i`h`e tdrsdbut. I`h`e \gsng Jeuk`engr` mdkufn`e j`ey` fnpdruetumm`e uetum pdi`h`e m`mn s`i`. J`h nen kdkbu`t mdef`r``e y`ea neane k`sum md CDB TAK tnf`m bns` k`sum kdh`hun _drt`kne` Vgwdr. _drt`kne` Vgwdr tnf`m h`an kdei`fn pnetu k`sum ut`k` CDB TAK. Md`f``e nen kdkbu`t pnj`m CDB TAK kdeausuhm`e md pnj`m uenvdrsnt`s uetum kdkbu`t w` i`j b`ru. _nj`m uenvdrsnt`s kdkbdrn w`l`e` uetum kdkbu`t w`i`j b`ru CDB TAK y`ea kdeaj`f`p md `r`j b`r`t. K`ne detr`eld b`ru nen bdrueasn sdb`a`n frgpzged pdeaueiuea. J`r`p`eey`, tnf`m `f` mdef`r``e y`ea k`sum md f`h`k wnh`y`j CDB TAK. @rd` p`rmnr y`ea fnpdrue-
tumm`e uetum lnvnt`s `m`fdknm` CDB TAK tdt`p bdr`f` fn `rd` Arj` \`bj` _r`k`e`. Bdrf`s`rm`e mdtdr`ea`e f`rn \h`kdt Kuhy`fn sdh`mu Mdp`h` \dmsn @fknenstr`sn Tkuk f`e Mdu`ea`e, sdtdh`j kdh`hun prgsds hdh`ea, bufadt y`ea y`ea fn`hgm`snm`e uetum pdkb`eaue`e k`ne detr`eld nen `f`h`j sdbds`r Rp 0,: K. F`e` nen fnf`p`tm`e f`rn uenvdrsnt`s. F`e` nen tnf`m j`ey` fnaue`m`e uetum pdkb`eaue`e k`ne detr`eld s`i`, e`kue iua` uetum `rd` sdmnt`r k`ne detr`eld sdpdrtn ph`z`, pdrb`nm`e `s`t fn snsn b`r`t, sdrt` rdegv`sn w`i`j m`etne `t`u L`dt`rn` . _dkb`eaue`e k`ne detr`eld nen tdrey`t` kdknhnmn tr`fd-gs, y`ntu pdeidbgh`e fu` ru`ea fgsde f`e s`tu ru`ea mdh`s. ‘\d i`m sdt`jue tdr`mjnr tdr`mjnr,, fu` ru`ea fgsde y`ea bdr`f` fn h`et`n 0 s`y`p b`r`t ntu kdk`ea suf`j fnpdrsn`pm`e uetum mnt` bum` (fn idbgh), e`kue j`h ntu tnf`m kde i`fn k`s`h`j y`ea bdr`rtn. bdr`rtn.‛‛ ui`r Vdauj Vd auj \uhnstnygeg, B`an`e Tkuk
f`e @sdt. Vnf`m `f` mdef`h` y`ea bdr`rtn f`h`k pdkb`eaue`e k`ne detr`eld nen. _nj`m `muht`s kdea`t`sn k`s`h`j mdjnh`ea`e ru`ea fgsde fdea`e l`r` kdknet` bdbdr`p` fgsde y`ea kdknhnmn i`b`t`e tdrtdetu f`e kdknhnmn ru`ea`e fn tdkp`t h`ne (kns`hey`9 fdm`e`t, pdeadhgh` K`msn, pdeadhgh` K\N, fhh) uetum kdea`hgm`snm`e ru`ea`eey` uetum fgsde h`ne. Q`i`j b`ru CDB TAK nen fnpdrmnr`m`e sdhds`n p`f` Fdsdkbdr 2?03. Mduetuea`e y`ea fnf`p`tm`e fdea`e `f`ey` k`ne detr`eld b`ru nen fn `et`r`ey`9 `msds hdbnj ldp`t mdef`r``e sdrt` kdkpdrkuf`j t`ku y`ea neane bdrmueiuea md CDB TAK. Fnj`r`pm`e fdea`e `f`ey` k`ne detr`eld nen `m`e kdkpdrh`el`r mdan`t`e-mdan`t`e lnvnt`s `m`fdknm` CDB TAK. \dh`k`t kde`etn w`i`j b`ru CDB TAK! ]@lj`[