EXXK6 3=12.9542
Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeixetgx Bgofga Ngog
Lityi―x Gteli
Nikbikgl Licea Oi`gt _ijse I`jkjne`g @ilincgbggk Cgsy !Kir Ekxtetytejkgl Ihjkjnehx %
73
Ioexe 737 Fyle 3=73
3
]sIDGhI _isyhg} xuy`ys `i}gog _yagk UNI, }gog }istikbgagk tgayk 3=73, IC Kirx `incgle og}gt nikbaegxe nioeg oe lekb`ykbgk Dg`yltgx
I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex YBN !DIC YBN%+ DIC YBN og` }iskga xi}e ogse `ibegtgk ogk cis`ibegtgk cis`ibegtgk++ @ibegtgk ugkb cistgsgd kgxejkgl cga`gk ektiskgxejkgl xyoga nikfgoe gbikog xiagse.agse cgbe dg`yltgx
tishektg eke+ Ihjkjneh Fgvv 3=73 ogk Xinekgs Kgjkgl Bgofga Ngog Ghhjykkb Ogux !BNGO% goglga gbikog tgaykgk ugkb xilgly nikog}gt`gk g}}lgyxi g}}lgyxi gtgx gtgx `icisagxelgkkug+ Agoes }gog ioexe `i.73 eke, IC Kirx nikugfe`gk le}ytgk `ayxyx nikbikge Xj J}ikekb Ikg` J}ikekb Ikg` Cgkbit' Hjii Xaj} ogk IC Xtjsi xistg
BNGO+ _g` `ikbbglgk, IC Kirx nikbitikbga`gk le}ytgk ogse yket. yket oe lekb`ykbgk DIC YBN+ @e}sga ngagxexrg, ojxik, glynke, ogk `gsugrgk nikgse` ykty`
oehisng+ ]sixtgxe ogk `jktsecyxe ugkb tilga oey`es jlia xeetgx g`goine`g xing`ek ninghy DIC YBN ykty` tisyx nilgfy ogk cis`incgkb nikfgrgc tgktgkbgk ektiskgxejkgl tgk}g nikbgcge`gk `igsedgk lj`gl Ujbug`gstg+ Ujbug`gstg+ Xinjbg hisetg xy`xix ogse glynke, ngagxexrg, ojxik ogk `gsugrgk xistg cisetg nikbikge `ibegtgk.
`ibegtgk `ibegt gk oe DIC YBN og}gt nikfgoe ekx}esgxe ogk nikbjcg `isekoygk g`gk `gn}yx tishektg eke+ Xilgngt nincghg+
Oi`gk, ]sjd+ Ngsrgk Gxse, NCG+, ]a+O+
]ikbgsga
_en Le}ytgk
Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog
]jd Ngrgk Gxe, NCG, ]aO !Oi`gk%
Oeticet`gk jlia
Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeixetgx Bgofga Ngog Fl Xjxej Ayngkejg Cylg`xyny, Ujbug`gtg 99317 _6 + 43 32? 9?1 97= !ayktekb% D6 + 43 32? 948 373 I6 oi`gkMdicybngeo R6 att}6**rrrdicybngeo
CN ]yrgktj, NCG, ]aO !Rg`el oi`gk Ceogkb G`goine`, ]ikiletegk ogk ]ikbgcoegk `i}gog Ngxugsg`gt% I`j Xyrgoe, NX, ]aO !Rg`el Oi`gk Ceogkb Gonekextsgxe, @iygkbgk ogk Xyncis Ogug Ngkyxeg%
Oegk ]yx}g Agtegke Ore Gkoe sjangte`g Aixtekekb @ykegxtyte ]j}}u Lg`xetg ]eng Uyxteteg Ly`etgxge sgangt Ore Xgktjxj
Gstexte` sjuugk Ky Reg`xjkj
]ikgkbbykb Fgrgc ]jd Reagkg @egkg Fgug, NXjX, ]aO !Rg`el Oi`gk Ceogkb @ingagxexrggk, Glynke, @isfgxgng ogk ]ikbincgkbgk Yxgag%
E
hJK_IK_X 37
Xajlgxae} gko siyetnikt ]gtkixae}
@ifg Xgng Cgy Likb`g}e Dgxeletgx ]itgnekg _jri
33
Glynke hjki Fjofgkg Fjou6 sikoga Agte ogk _iyx Cilgfg
38
Kirx Djn Gcjgo X`jtlgkoeg6 Ekoga Xi}gkfgkb _gayk
3?
Gjyko Cylg`xyny Ykeixetu hlyc !Yh% Ajtil 6 ]eleagk G`jnjogxe G`jnjogxe Ci`ygletgx Ci`ygletgx oe @grgxgk YBN 34
Lityi―x Gteli
71
Nikbikgl Licea Oi`gt _ije I`jkjne`g @ilincgbggk Cgy !Kir Ekxtetytejkgl Ijkjnex%
Xtyoikt hjki Nincyy ]ity`ggk ]ilgfg glg Dexg
Ragt―x Y} DIC ]ingtg Cgk` YBN.Ijkjnex Fgvv 3=73
3
Gkbbetj Gcengkuy Nikog}gt _ybgx Cgy
9
? X}iegl si}jt ENGBGNG Xy`xix`gk BNGO 3=73
71
Raj―x Raj _ebg Oi`goi ]ikbgcoegk Xykgekekbxea
EE
3=
32
87
Goitjegl
83
Iqagkbi Xtyoiktx― hjnnikt
88
DIC ek ]etyix
85
Dgeleteix
?7
Y}jnekb Iikt
8=
RAG_―X Y] DIC
Xiga _ieng hjki Bioykb ]itgnekg _jri X icgbge cgcg` cgsy }ikbjsbgke }ikbjsbgkexgxegk xgxegk `ibegtgk }ikilegk ogk }incilgfgsgk oe DIC YBN, ]ikilegk ]ilgagk I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex !]3IC% xihgsg sixne nikuisga`gk oilg}gk Hjskis oe Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris `i}gog xig} fysyxgk+ Ghgsg ugkb cislgkbxykb oe Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris lgktge tyfya !73*2% eke fybg nikhg`y} }sjxixe xisga tiseng tybgx ogse Ngktgk Oesi`tys ]3IC, Gkbbetj Gcengkuy, ]a+O+ `i}gog hages tg`is ]3IC ugety, ]sjd+ Reagkg @esgkg Fgug, N+Xjh+Xh+, ]a+O+ Cislgkbxykbkug }sjxixe }ikuisgagk tybgx eke nikgkoge }ikuisgagk gngkga }ikuilikbbgsggk `ibegtgk ]3IC, `ayxyxkug oglgn agl bjiskgkhi , `i}gog Reagkg aekbbg Oixincis 3=73 kgk+ “]3IC nisy}g`gk }sjbsgn ugkb xgkbgt hi}gt nincgkty nikekb`gt`gk exe dg`yltgx+ @i oi}gkkug, oeagsg}`gk ]3IC nikfgoe ligoekb ekoehgtjs ogk ekoehgtjs ogk ngn}y nincise`gk `jki`xetgx gktgsg sexit ogk }incilgfgsgk ugkb xilgng eke cilyn `etg fyn}ge,„ ykb`g} Reagkg oglgn xgncytgkkug yxge }sjxixe xisga tiseng tybgx+ Xilgek nikbykogkb }isrg`elgk ngagxexrg, `gsugrgk, ojxik, ogk `i}glg xistg xi`sitgsex fysyxgk, ghgsg tisxicyt nikbykogkb
}ylg Oi`gk Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex, ]sjd+ Ngsrgk Gxse, NCG, ]a+O+ cixistg }gsg rg`el oi`gk+ Ngsrgk nikbykb`g}`gk cgarg ]3IC nisy}g`gk hjktja en}liniktgxe lincgbg ugkb rill hsioecli
ogk oeagsg}`gk ngn}y nikfgoe lincgbg }ikilegk ghygk xilysya }isbysygk kbbe oe Ekojkixeg ykty` nikfgoe xing`ek cge` `i oi}gkkug+ “Oikbgk oexisga`gkkug Hjskis oe Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris `i}gog fysyxgk, ng`g xggt eke fysyxgk ciskog` xicgbge hiktis jd iqhillikhi oglgn `ibegtgk }ikilegk ogk }incilgfgsgk+ Hjskis tilga oeoixgek gbgs ngagxexrg ngn}y nikog}gt cikit xilygx.lygxkug ogk tiktykug ngn}y nikfgoe ngixtsj oglgn }ikbaycykb `ibegtgk }ikoeoe`gk, }ikilegk, ogk }ikbgcoegk ngxugsg`gt,„ ngxugsg`gt,„ ykb`g} Gkbbetj+ Oeg fybg nikgncga`gk cgarg ]3IC `ilg` agsyx ngn}y ningx`gk Hjskis cisfglgk oikbgk cge` ogk nikyncya`gk tsgoexe cgsy oikbgk nikbagxel`gk }sjbsgn ogk `ekisfg `iygkbgk ugkb }gx+ Gog}yk oilg}gk Hjskis ugkb oexisga`gk `i}gog ngxekb.ngxekb
fysyxgk tisxicyt goglga ekixtnikt bgllisu ogk xugsega Hjskis `i}gog Fysyxgk G`yktgkxe0 ikisbu }jlehu Hjskis }jlehu Hjskis ogk nghsjihjkjneh ogxacjgso `i}gog fysyxgk Elny I`jkjne0 ogk YN@N Hjskis, cgk`ekb Hjskis Hjskis `i}gog fysyxgk kgkhegl ngs`it y}ogti Hjskis, ogk cgk`ekb Ngkgfinik+ Xiniktgsg E_ Hjskis ngxea g`gk oe}ibgkb jlia ]3IC+ Oe tgkbgk ngxekb.ngxekb fysyxgk, Hjskis. Hjskis. Hjskis Hjskis oe Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris oeagsg}`gk og}gt cis`ixekgncykbgk ogk ngn}y ngkoese oglgn nikfglgk`gk g`etgx.g` g`etgx.g`etgxkug+ etgxkug+ P}j}}u^
7
RAG_―X Y] DIC
]ingtg Cgk` YBN. Ijkjnex Fgvv 3=73 Oergkge ]ite` Betg ogk Kjxtglbeg @jkxis ugkb nikbyxykb nyxe` fgv oikbgk }isngekgk yke` betgs ogk xiktyagk kjxtglbeg ngxg lgly nikhjcg nisgkb`yl ciscgbge }ikjktjk tgk}g cgtgx yxeg+
3
N
gxea nikbyxykb ykxys fgv ugkb `iktgl, ]isngtg Cgk` YBN.Ihjkjnehx Fgvv 3=73 `gle eke licea hjkojkb `i Fgv ugkb oeojnekgxe jlia ykxys glgt }i`+ Xicyt xgfg _sexyn ugkb nikugfe`gk nyxe` yke` oikbgk betgs.betgs nisi`g+ Oecy`g jlia }ikgn}elgk oyit guga ogk gkg`, Fj}ei Etin ogk Gyoe, `jkxis fgv eke lgkbxykb nincjscgsoes }ikjktjk oikbgk `ity`gk glykgk kgog fgv ugkb gxue`+ Cilyn lgbe @gaetkg ugkb niny`gy }ikjktjk oikbgk gkoglgk tincgkb.tincgkb lgrgx nisi`g nikfgoe }ikyty} ghgsg cisoysgxe in}gt fgn eke+ Oglgn `gle `iikgncilgx }ilg`xgkggkkug, ]isngtg Cgk` YBN. Ihjkjnehx Fgvv 3=73 ngxea oe}gkoy jlia Xgsga Xihagk ogk Cytit @gstgsiofgxg oikbgk }incgrggk xibgs ogk }ikya aynjs+ @jkxis ugkb oegog`gk oe Bsgko ]gheh Hjkikjk Agll Ujbug`gstg !3*4% eke xisgxg ekbek nisgkb`yl xilysya “Fgngga Gl Fgveuga„ !xicytgk Cytit ykty` }gsg }ike`ngt Fgv ‘sio% ngy}yk }gsg }ike`ngt lgby }j}, tiscy` ogse nyxexe.nyxexe }ikbexe ghgsg syk ugkb oexilikbbgsg`gk jlia Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex !DIC% YBN tisxicyt+ Sgkb`gegk ghgsg nglgn ety oecy`g jlia }ikgn}elgk xgktge
Fj}ei Etin ogk cgko nilglye tincgkb “Bgncgkb Xylekb„ oglgn cglytgk fgv+ Xitilga cicisg}g lgby cislgly, nykhyllga Gyoe oikbgk lgby gkoglgkkug “Lgby Xikoy„ ‘ugkb iktga cgbgengkg sghe`gkkug‘ nikfgoe lgby oikbgk tgn}gsgk cgxx `ygt tgk}g nikekbbgl`gk ferg gxle lgbykug+ Gyoe fybg xgkbgt ngaes cisektisg`xe oikbgk }ikjktjk lirgt cicisg}g `gle xg}ggk ogk gfg`gk ykty` cisbjugkb cisxgng+ Nix`e}yk `jkxis ugkb nikog}gt oy`ykbgk }ikya jlia ]isngtg
Cgk` `gle eke og` cgkug` nikbykogkb }ikugkue }ikugkue fgv ogk licea cgkug` niki`gk`gk }gog ekxtsyniktglex fgv, }ikgn}elgk ytgng ogse _sexyn ugkb xikxgxejkgl xgkbgt }gktgx nikfgoe ghgsg ytgng+ Oebgr Oebgrgkbe gkbe jlia Cglgrgk, _ja}g, ogk Oirg Cyofgkg, _sexyn }yk nikbagoes`gk }i`g betgs ogse cicisg}g lgby oe glcyn nisi`g+ Ekosj Agsofjoe`jsj !cgxx% ogk Ihag Xjingktse !osyn% }yk tysyt nikbesekbe+ X`ell }isngekgk _sexyn cikgs.cikgs oei`x}jx agcex.agcexgk nglgn ety+ Gog xggt `i`g Cglgrgk oikbgk ti`ke` _jyha _g}}ekb Xtuli }gog betgs ojycli kih`ekb tisoikbgs xi}is cisngek }egkj, ogk gog xggt }ylg `i`g Ihag nikbbicy` osyn nikbagxel`gk xygsg xi}is }isngekgk `ikogkb+ Kjnjs lgby tisg`aes nikfgoe bjkb ogse xilysya }ikgn}elgk oikbgk xygsg ugkb nese} xeylgk cysykb gtgy xisylekb+ Xilixge _sexyn, cg.cg }ikjktjk ugkb oeojnekgxe jlia `gyn agrg cis}ekoga tin}gt oyoy` `i cgbegk oi}gk }gkbbykb+ _g` oesgby`gk lgbe gktyxegxni kjxtglbeg }gsg rgketg eke `i}gog @gaetkg ugkb nikugfe`gk }ikgn}elgk }ikyty}+ “@gaetkg `etg agoes`gk `gsikg nix`e cisglesgk }j}, kgnyk Ujei Reoegktj fybg }ektgs ningxy``gk ykxys fgvv fgvv igxu lextikekb , gtgy oexicyt xnjjta fgvv , oglgn nyxe`kug,„ yfgs }sjnjtjs ]isngtg Cgk`.Ihjkjnehx Fgvv 3=73, Os+ _G+ _jku ]sgxigktjkj+ _eog` xglga ningkb, Ujei ogk @gaetkg ngn}y “nikbbycga„ lgby.lgby nisi`g nikfgoe licea “ fgvvu „+ Cicisg}g lgby nisi`g tgn}el`gk, xi}is “Hgk`„, “_g` Xicicgx Nis}g„, “_g` G`gk _isbgk„, “Gkoge Eg _gay„, ogk cicisg}g lgby lgekkug+ Ugkb nikgse`, `gle eke @gaetkg nikfgfgl xioe`et ogkhi xggt nisi`g nilgktyk`gk lgby oikbgk tin}j xioe`et licea hi}gt+ Iktga g}g`ga nisi`g nikuixyge`gk }gxgs ugkb xggt eke ningkb nikyktyt “ugkb xi}is etylga ugkb lg`y„ gtgy ningkb `gsikg nisi`g nisgxg lgby eke hjhj` oecise xiktyagk xioe`et ogkhi + Ugkb }gx, ogkhi eke ngn}y nincise xiktyagk xibgs oglgn }ikgn}elgk nisi`g ugkb ningkb hikoisykb bglgy.nilljr bglgy.nilljr + Xtgkoekb g}}lgyxi oecise`gk g}}lgyxi oecise`gk ykty` `ixilysyagk }ikgn}elgk ugkb g`aeskug oetyty} jlia @gaetkg tisxicyt+ ]isngtg Cgk` YBN.Ihjkjnehx Fgvv 3=73 `gle eke lgbe.lgbe ngn}y nikueaes }gsg }ike`ngt nyxe` oikbgk xy`xix+ POre Gkoe^
8
RAG_―X Y] DIC
Cgvg @iregyxgaggk DIC YBN
Gfgkb ]gnigk ]joy` jlia Ngagxexrg @ilgx @iregyxgaggk
D
IC YBN `incgle nikuilikbbgsg`gk `ibegtgk cistgfy` Cgvgs
@iresgyxgaggk oe `grgxgk Xgknjs YBN !7=*4%+ Cgvgs @iresgyxgaggk nisy}g`gk gfgkb }gnisgk cgbe ngagxexrg ngtg `ylega @iresgyxgaggk ykty` ningnis`gk }sjoy` cexkexkug `i `aglgug` ynyn+ @ibegtgk eke cislgkbxykb xgkbgt nisega, tiscy` oikbgk gktyxegxni }ikbykfykb ugkb sgnge cisogtgkbgk+ _isog}gt licea ogse 9= xtgk ngagxexrg ugkb nirgskge Cgvgs @iresgyxgaggk nylge ogse }sjoy` `ylekis, dgxaejk , aekbbg fgxg djtjbsg+ Nikoikbgs `gtg Xgknjs YBN, ekbgtgk }incghg }gx tistyfy }gog }gxgs sg`ugt Nekbby }gbe ugkb tislitg` oe Fglgk Kjtjkibjsj, Cylg`xynys++ Cikgs xgfg, `grgxgk Xgknjs tilga nikfgoe tyfygk rexgtg Cylg`xynys
cilgkfg gltiskgd cgbe ngxugsg`gt Ujbug`gstg+ ]ingkogkbgk cisciog tgn}g` oe `grgxgk Xgknjs }gbe ety+ Gsig }gxgs oe}islygx aekbbg ningxy`e aglgngk Bioykb Tj`gxe DIC YBN+ Oe xgkg cisfifis }ylyagk xtgk ugkb nikfygl cisgki`g sgbgn }sjoy` oikbgk `jkxi} ogk oi`jsgxe nikgse`+ _isog}gt }ylg }gkbbykb aecysgk ogk `ixikegk ugkb nikgncga nisega xygxgkg+ Oe xig} xtgk, tgn}g` }gsg }inyog.}inyoe nikugncyt sgnga hgljk }incile ugkb ogtgkb, “Ngse, Ngx, Ncg`+ Ngse ngn}es oyly `i xtgk `etg+ Gog tgx lyhy cygt `goj }ghgs gtgy tingk,„ yhg} xglga xijsgkb ngagxexrg }ixistg cgvgs+ Gug, ngagxexrg Dg`yltgx @ioj`tisgk YBN ugkb oetinye IC KIRX oe lj`gxe nikbykb`g}`gk,„ Ghgsgkug xisy cgkbit, }sjoy` ugkb oefygl nghin.nghin + Xglyt ykty` `sigetgx ngagxexrg DIC+„ Cgvgs @iresgyxgaggk goglga ghgsg }ykhg` ogse ngtg `ylega @iresgyxgaggk+ @gsikg `iyke`gkkug, @iresgyxgaggk nikfgoe xglga
?
xgty ngtg `ylega dgjset ngagxexrg DIC+ Oe xeke, ngagxexrg og}gt nin}sg```gk tijse ugkb xilgng eke oe}isjlia oe `ilgx `i oglgn `iaeoy}gk kugtg+ Vgkoe Sixogkg, xglga xgty ngagxexrg `ilgx eke nikbgtg`gk, “Ngtg `ylega eke xgkbgt nililga`gk tg}e nikuikgkb`gk+ @gne nikbisfg`gk xikoese agn}es oe xinyg }sjxix cexkex, nylge ogse xysie }gxgs, xysie agsbg cgagk cg`y, aekbbg tisfyk lgkbxykb `i }sjxix }sjoy`xe+ Agl ugkb }glekb nikgktgkb goglga nikfygl }sjoy` ety xikoese+„ ]gog grgl `ylega, ngagxexrg ugkb tiscgbe oglgn `iljn}j` `ihel oegsga`gk ykty` nikbagxel`gk }sj}jxgl cexkex ugkb og}gt oesiglexgxe`gk oglgn rg`ty xgty xinixtis+ _iny `ilgx oebykg`gk
ykty` nin}sixiktgxe`gk }is`incgkbgk cexkex g} `iljn}j`+ _iny `ilgx fybg oedykbxe`gk ykty` nindgxeletgxe ty`gs }e`esgk cge` ogse ojxik ngy}yk ngagxexrg+ @ibegtgk j}isgxejkgl cexkex oelg`y`gk oe lygs fgn `ilgx+ _eog` fgsgkb, cexkex ugkb oenylge ogse `ilgx eke tisyx oelgkfyt`gk cga`gk xitilga ngtg `ylega xilixge+ Ngagxexrg nikbg`y
xgugkb fe`g agsyx cisaik, tislicea agxelkug }yk hy`y} lyngugk ykty` nikgncga ygkb fgfgk nisi`g+ Kysyl Ekogs, ]a+O+, xglga xijsgkb ojxik }ikbgn}y @iresgyxgaggk nikbykb`g}`gk, “Ngtg `ylega eke ningkb oeoixgek ykty` nincise`gk }ikbglgngk cgbe ngagxexrg oglgn nikbg}le`gxe`gk tijse ugkb oe}isjlia oe `ilgx+ Oikbgk oine`egk, nisi`g og` tis}g`y }gog tijse ugkb gog oe cy`y kgnyk licea nincy`g ngtg }gog }sg`` xixykbbyakug oe lg}gkbgk+„ PSgangt^
Gkbbetj Gcengkuy Nikog}gt _ybgx Cgy
O
jxik Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog !DIC YBN%, Os+ Gkbbetj Gcengkuy oelgk` xicgbge Oesi`tys Fikoisgl ]ikuilikbbgsg Agfe ogk Ynsga !]AY% @iniktisegk Gbgng !@inikgb% !34*4%+ Gkbbetj ugkb nikbgrgle `gses xicgbge ojxik }gog tgayk 7512 eke tilga cgkug` nikby`es }sixtgxe kgxejkgl, gktgsg lgek Xtgd Gale Niktise @iygkbgk Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg !3==8.3==9%, @jnexgsex ]_+ _il`jn.Ekojkixeg !3==?.3==2%, @i}glg Cgogk ]ikb`gfegk I`jkjne @iygkbgk ogk @isfg Xgng Ektiskgxejkgl !3==9.3==2%, ogk @i}glg Cgogk @icefg`gk Dex`gl, @iniktisegk @iygkbgk Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg !3==2.3=7=%+
nisy}g`gk Oesi`tys ]ikilegk ]ilgagk I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex !]3IC% DIC YBN sgnga nikug}g tingk.tingk ojxik ogk ngagxexrg xggt nikbgog`gk ghgsg ng`gk xegkb }is}exgagk oe Ykeisxetu Hlyc YBN !32*4%+ @i}gog }gsg xtgd ogk ngagxexrg, Gkbbetj cis}ixgk ykty` xilgly ljugl `i}gog lincgbg tin}gt ci`isfg ogk og` cjlia ljugl agkug `i}gog }inen}ek oglgn nikfglgk`gk xicyga }i`isfggk `gsikg }en}ekgk xicyga lincgbg g`gk tisyx nikbglgne }isbgkgk xiogkb`gk lincgbg g`gk tisyx cis`incgkb xixyge oikbgk oekgne`g xiaekbbg }gxgkb xysyt xygty lincgbg xgkbgt oetikty`gk jlia }ikbiljlgkug+
Lylyxgk Ykeisxetu jd ]ikkxulgkeg, ]aelgoil}aeg, YXG ugkb fybg
9
RAG_―X Y] DIC
DIC YBN Nikfgoe Gkbbjtg GCIX_ 37 _
ai Gllegkhi jk Cyxekixx Ioyhgjk gko Xhajlgsxae} djs _jnjssjr, g 37xt hiktysu jsbgkevgjk !GCIX_37% nisy}g`gk jsbgkexgxe kjk}sjt ugkb ninele`e tyfygk ykty` nikekb`gt`gk }ikoeoe`gk ngkgfinik }gog xi`jlga.xi`jlga cexkex oikbgk cgxex bljcgl oikbgk nin}isbegt `isfg xgng ugkb xglekb nikbyktykb`gk oe gktgsg ekxtyxe.ekxtyxe gkbbjtg+ Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex !DIC% YBN nisy}g`gk xglga xgty gkbbjtg GCIX_37 cisxgng oikbgk leng ykeisxetgx lgekkug oe Ekojkixeg+ @iyktykbgk oglgn nikfgoe xglga xgty gkbbjtg oetykfy``gk oikbgk }ingkdggtgk kitrjs`ekb nilglye byixx lihtysekb ugkb cisgxgl
ogse }gsg ojxik ogk bysy cixgs ykeisxetgx gkbbjtg lgekkug ngy}yk `isfg xgng oikbgk }isyxgaggk nylkgxejkgl ugkb fybg nikfgoe gkbbjtg+ Rg`el oi`gk Ceogkb G`goine`, ]ikilegk ogk ]ikbgcoegk `i}gog Ngxugsg`gt, CN ]ysrgktj, ]a+O+ nikbytgsg`gk `iug`ekgkkug tiktgkb `icisagxelgk DIC YBN ykty` nikog}gt`gk g`sioetgxe GCIX_37 `ilg`+ “Xggt eke `gne ningkb cilyn nikoggs `gsikg ngxea cisdj`yx }gog g`sioetgxe GGHXC, titg}e `etg xyoga ninele`e xibglg }isxeg}gk ugkb oe}isly`gk ykty` xirg`ty.rg`ty nikoggs,„ tibgxkug+ POre Gkoe^
Ged Xygangk Fygg E ]yxtg`grgk _ekb`gt Kgxejkgl
X
glga xijsgkb }yxtg`grgk DIC cgsy.cgsy eke `incgle nikby`es }sixtgxe+ Gsed Xysghangk, @i}glg Xyc Xi`xe
]is}yxtg`ggk DIC YBN, }gog Xgcty !7?*2% lgly, oekjcgt`gk ]is}yxtg`ggk xicgbge }yxtg`grgk cis}sixtgxe jlia Oesfik ]ikoeoe`gk _ekbbe !OE@_E%+ Gfgkb ]ikoeoe` ogk _ikgbg @i}ikoeoe`gk Cis}sixtgxe _ekb`gt Kgxejkgl _gayk 3=73 !OE@_IKOE@ 3=73% ugkb oebilgs jlia OE@_E }gog cylgk Fyke.Fyle 3=73 nikbgktgs`gk Gsed xicgbge }yxtg`grgk cis}sixtgxe+ OE@_IKOE@ nisy}g`gk xicyga iikt tgaykgk ugkb nikbg}sixegxe `ekisfg ojxik ogk tikgbg }ikoeoe` ]isbysygk _ekbbe, oikbgk ciscgbge `gtibjse, xi}is ojxik, lgcjsgk, tikgbg `iygkbgk, `i}glg }sjbsgn xtyoe, ogk }yxtg`gr }yxtg`grgk gk cis}sixtgxe+ Nikysyt }ikytysgk Gsed, OE@_IKOE@ oenylge oikbgk xili`xe cis`gx.cis`gx }gsg ojxik ogk tikgbg }ikoeoe`+ Gsed xikoese nikbe`y OE@_IKOE@ 3=73 oikbgk `gtibjse }yxtg`grgk cis}sixtgxe+ Ogse xi`egk sgtyx }ixistg, oegncel 79 kglex ugkb `inyoegk oenektg ykty` nin}sixiktgxe`gk nin}sixiktgxe` gk `gsug tylex en}liniktg en}liniktgdd ogk oelgkfyt`gk oikbgk Djhyx Bsjy} Oexhyxxejk+ Dekgl OE@_IKOE@ eke oebilgs oe Ekkg Bgsyog Ajtil Ujbug`gstg, 78.7? Fyle 3=73+ @inyoegk }gog 7? Fyle, oeynyn`gklga }inikgkb ngxekb. ngxekb `gtibjse OE@_IKOE@+ _gayk eke, Gsed cisagxel nisgea fygsg xgty+ Eg cisagxel nikbglga`gk si`gk.si`gk }yxtg`grgk }yxtg`grgk ugkb cisgxgl ogse ykeisxetgx.ykeisxetgx tis`ikgl oe Ekojkixeg+ Eke cy`gklga `gle }istgng Gsed nikby`es }sixtgxe+ Xicilynkug eg }iskga oekugtg`gk xicgbge }yxtg`grgk cis}sixtgxe Ujbug`gstg }gog tgayk 3=7=+ P}seng^
4
Byixt Lityi6 Xgkjuj Gktge`xj, hj}jgti Xiitgu ]_ Ykelii _c` “Ng`ekb G Xyxtgekgcli Dytyi6 Bjrekb ek g sixjyi.hjkxtgekio Rjlo„
]
gog agse Sgcy !3*9%, cisti}gtgk oikbgk Agse ]ikoeoe`gk Kgxejkgl, ]_ Ykeliis Ekojkixeg _c`+ ci`isfg xgng oikbgk DIC YBN nikuilikbbgsg`gk Byixt Lihtysi ogk Hgn}yx Sihsyetnikt ugkb cistin}gt oe Gyoetjseyn NN YBN+ Ghgsg eke nikbagoes`gk Hjs}jsgti Xihsitgsu ]_ Ykeliis Ekojkixeg _c`+, Xgkhjuj Gktgse`xj, xicgbge }incehgsg ytgng+ Ghgsg ugkb oecy`g jlia Agsoj Cgxy`e, ]a+O+ xilg`y Oi}ytu Oesihtjs jd Dekgkhi gko Bikisgl Bikisgl Ggesx NN YBN eke ngn}y nikbykogkb nikbykogkb gkenj xi`etgs ?== ngagxexrg YBN ogse ciscgbge dg`yltgx ogk kb`gtgk+ Xgkhjuj Gktgse`xg, ngktgk `ityg E`gtgk Ngagxexrg G`yktgkxe Bgofga Ngog !ENGBGNG% tgayk 1=.gk, nincise`gk `ylega tiktgkb }ikkbkug `i}ioylegk tisagog} exy lekb`ykbgk oglgn nikbiljlg xicyga }isyxgaggk+ Nikbgncel ting “Ng`ekb G Xyxtgekgcli Dytysi6 Bsjrekb ek g Sixjyshi.Hjkxtsgekio Rjslo,„ Xgkhjuj nikbykb`g}`gk, “Ykty` nikhg}ge xyxtgekgcli bsjrta oglgn }isyxgaggk, cyxekixx njoil ugkb Ykeliis fglgk`gk ninele`e in}gt `jn}jkik ytgng, ug`ke Csgko, Bsigt ]ij}li, Cyxekixx ]isdjsngkhi, ogk tiktykug Xyxtgekgcli Leekb+„ Glynkyx
Dg`yltgx
I`jkjne
YBN
gkb`gtgk
7513
eke
nikbelyxtsgxe`gk xglga xgty }sjoy` Ykeliis ug`ke “Njltj Xi`gle Celgx„ xicgbge hjktja kugtg y}gug }isyxgaggk nikbgfg` ngxugsg`gt nikfgbg xyncis ogug ges+ Eg nikfilgx nikfilgx`gk `gk cgarg ngxugsg`gt Ekojkixeg hikoisykb cjsjx oglgn nikbbykg`gk ges ykty` nincelgx }g`gegk
ugkb tilga oehyhe+ Agl eke og}gt og}gt nikbbgkbby `ixiencgkbgk i`jxextin ges oe ngxg ugkb g`gk ogtgkb+ Xixe `ioyg oelgkfyt`gk oikbgk }ing}gsgk }sjbsgn ektiskxae}
ogk Ykeliis Dytysi Ligoisxae} ]sjbsgn !YDL]% cgbe ngagxexrg ngy}yk lylyxgk ugkb tistgse` cis`gses oe }isyxgaggk eke+ Ghgsg oelgkfyt`gk oikbgk xixe xagsekb gko oexhyxxejk ugkb nikbagoes`gk in}gt jsgkb }incehgsg glynke YBN ogse ciscgbge dg`yltgx ugkb fybg nike `gses oe Ykeliis+ ]gog xixe eke oe`itgaye cgarg }isyxgaggk cisgke nin}ishgug`gk }sjui`.}sjui` cixgs cga`gk }gog `gsugrgk cgsy ykty` nikykfy``gk tsyxt }isyxgaggk tisagog} `gsugrgk+ Oe g`aes ghgsg, }gkeg nikuilikbbgsg`gk nekbli xixxejk ykty` nindgxeletgxe nindgxeletg xe }ixistg cisoex`yxe ogk ciscekhgkb xihgsg lgkbxykb ogk xgktge oikbgk }gsg }incehgsg, `gsugrgk, ogk fybg }ixistg }sjbsgn ngbgkb+ Agl eke nisy}g`gk xixe ugkb oetykbby.tykbby `gsikg }ixistg cis`ixin}gtgk nikog}gt ekdjsngxe licea oglgn tiktgkb Ykeliis, cge` oglgn agl }ikbglgngk `isfg, }sjxix xili`xe `gsugrgk, ngy}yk }sjbsgn ngbgkb+ Xglga xgty }ixistg xinekgs, Fyfy Nilgkei !Elny I`jkjne DIC YBN% nikbgtg`gk, „@ibegtgk eke xgkbgt }jxed+ Xilgek oexilikb bgsg`gk xihgsg bsgx, }ixistg nikog}gt cgkug` }ikbitgaygk ogk }ikbglgngk ogse ghgsg eke+ ]ixistg fybg og}gt nikbitgaye cgarg }isyxgaggk cixgs tiskugtg fybg hgsi tisagog} exy lekb`ykbgk+„ PSgangt^
2
RAG_―X Y] DIC
Ngbextis Ngkgfinik
Oeix Kgtglex NN DIC YBN `i.3? 6
Xingkbgt Cixekg ogk Cicgbe
X
aeki gko Xagsi, oine`egklga tgfy` ugkb oegkb`gt jlia
]sjbsgn Ngbextis Ngkgfinik DIC YBN !NN DIC YBN% oglgn Oeix Kgtglex.kug ugkb `i.3? eke+ “_ing eke oe}elea gbgs oe yxeg `i.3? eke NN xing`ek cisxekgs oikbgk nilgkfyt`gk }sixtgxe ugkb }iskga oehg}ge cge` oe kb`gt kgxejkgl ngy}yk ektiskgxejkgl, kgnyk tg` ly}g ykty` ciscgbe oikbgk nincise`gk `ingkdggtgk cgbe lekb`ykbgk xjxegl ogk lekb`ykbgk aeoy},„ ykb`g} Cguy Xy`kj, ]a+O+ xilg`y @ityg ]gkeg Oeix Kgtglex NN `i.3?+ Cguy nikgncga`gk ting Xaeki gko Xagsi fybg nisy}g`gk ryfyo Ykeisxetu Xjhegl Six}jkxeceletu !YXS% ogse }sjbsgn NN+ Agl eke xifglgk oikbgk exe ogse ]sjbsgn Ngbextis Ngbextis Ngkgfinik ugety nikfgoe }sjbsgn }ikoeoe`gk cexkex kb`gt }gxhgxgsfgkg xtsgtg oyg fglys }sjdixe tis`iny`g oe `grgxgk Gxeg ]gxe` }gog tgayk 3=78+ Ciscgbge ghgsg oexyxyk ogk oexilikbbgsg`gk cge` oe NN Ujbug`gstg ngy}yk NN Fg`gstg ykty` nikygkb`gk ting Xaeki
gko Xagsi eke+ ]istgkoekbgk jlgasgbg oelg`xgkg`gk }gog Nie.Fyke
1
3=73+ ]istgkoekbgk ugkb oee`y jlia xilysya xeetgx g`goine`g NN nin}isicyt`gk fygsg }gog tyskgnik jle, hgtys hgtys,, dytxgl, cyly tgkb`ex, ogk celegs+ Xilgek ety oexilikbbgsg`gk }ylg ghgsg Ngkhekb Ngkeg gtgy Ngkhekb Cisxgng NN oe Fg`gstg !7=*4% ogk oe Ujbug`gstg !7*2%+ Oglgn xgncytgkkug oe ghgsg _gxug`ysgk Oeix Kgtglex NN 3=73 !3*2%, Oesi`tys ]sjbsgn NN, ]sjd+ Lekhjlek Gsxugo, ]a+O+ nikbykb`g}`gk, “Ghgsg `jn}ixe jlgasgbg ogk ngkhekb cisxgng eke xgkbgt cge` ykty` nikekb`gt`gk `i`jaixedgk gktgs.xtg`iajlois gktgs.xtg`iajlois oe oe NN+„ Xilgek ghgsg cgbe xeetgx g`goine`g NN xikoese, ugkb }ikkb oglgn sgkb`gegk Oeix Kgtglex NN `i.3? eke goglga sgkb`gegk `ibegtgk cg` xjxegl+ @ibegtgk cg` xjxegl eke oelg`xgkg`gk nylge grgl Fyke aekbbg Fyle 3=73+ Ryfyo `i}ioylegk lekb`ykbgk ]sjbsgn NN oexglys`gk nilglye ghgsg }ikgkgngk 7=== }jajk cistgfy` “Iisbsiik “Iisbsiik Nisg}e„ !3*4%+ Xilgek nilecgt`gk xeetgx g`goine`g NN xikoese ghgsg eke fybg nikbgfg` ngxugsg`gt xitin}gt tysyt gkoel oglgn nisgrgt ogk nilixtgse`gk }jajk ugkb tilga oetgkgn tisxicyt+ ]sjbsgn NN
fybg nilg`xgkg`gk cisgbgn ghgsg ykty` ciscgbe }gog ngxugsg ngxugsg`gt `gt
xi`etgs ugkb nincytya`gk+ ]incisegk cigxexrg ykty` gkg` }gk gxyagk ogk rg`gd Gl.Wysgk Csgeli nisy}g`gk ryfyo `i}ioylegk ]sjbsgn NN `i}gog ngxugsg`gt `ayxyxkug ugkb cis`icytyagk `ayxyx !79*4%+ “Aekbbg xggt eke ogkg ugkb xyoga tis`yn}yl xi`etgs 1= fytg sy}ega, Ekxug Gllga NN og}gt nikuglys`gk 4? Gl.Wysgk Csgeli `i}gog ugkb nincytya`gk„ ykb`g} Cguy+ @ibegtgk xjxegl lgek ugkb fybg tilga oexilikbbgsg`gk goglga ojkjs
ogsga ngxxgl !33*4% ogk }incisogugg }incisoguggk k oixg cekggk !7=*2%+ ]sjbsgn NN nincise`gk cgktygk cisy}g glgt }istgkegk ogk }is}yxtg`ggk }gog oixg cekggk oe Oixg Cife, @gcy}gtik Bykykb`eoyl, Ujbug`gstg+ @inisegagk sgkb`gegk ghgsg Oeix Kgtglex NN `i.3? eke oesgug`gk oikbgk _gxug`ysgk ugkb oelg`xgkg`gk nilglye tilihjkdisikhi tilihjkdisikhi gktgsg gktgsg `gn}yx NN Ujbug`gstg ogk `gn}yx NN Fg`gstg, ti}gt oe agse fgoe ]sjbsgn NN !3*2%+ @iixj`gk agsekug, oelg`xgkg`gk Dgnelu Bgtaisekb oe `gn}yx NN Fg`gstg, xiniktgsg Dgnelu Bgtaisekb Ujbug`gstg oelg`xgkg`gk cicisg}g nekbby xitilgakug !79*2%+
5
RAG_―X Y] DIC
Ngbextis G`yktgkxe
Ggg Oeix Kgtglex Ngbexti G`yktgkxe X
icgbge }ykhg` ghgsg sgkb`gegk Oeix Kgtglex `i.7=, ]sjbsgn NG@XE nikbgog`gk ghgsg bgtaisekb cgbe xilysya xeetgx g`goine`g ogk `gsugrgk ugkb cistin}gt oe gsig }gs`es bioykb Ngbextis G`yktgkxe !3?*4%, ugkb oenylge }gog }y`yl =2+8= REC+ Ghgsg eke oenisega`gk oikbgk ciscgbge ljncg xi}is ningxy``gk `gsit, nikbgncel `jek oikbgk xyn}et, ogk tgse` tgncgkb+ Xilgek ety, fybg gog x}jktgketgx xtgko y} hjniou , xylg}, }inytgsgk ln NG@XE, hglykb dyk`,ogk }incgbegk ojjs}sevi + Xicgbge xglga xgty cikty` `i}ioylegk xjxegl xeetgx g`goine`g NG@XE, }gog agse ugkb xgng fybg oegog`gk g`xe ojkjs ogsga ogk }ikbyn}ylgk cy`y ugkb xilgkfytkug oexyncgkb`gk `i }is}yxtg`ggk ngxugsg`gt oe ogisga Nekjngstgke+ Oglgn `ixin}gtgk eke, oegog`gk fybg xisinjkegl }injtjkbgk tyn}ikb ugkb oelg`y`gk jlia Os+ Gbyx Xigrgk, N+Xjh+Xh+, HNG+ xilg`y Rg`el ]ikbiljlg ugkb `inyoegk oexisga`gk `i}gog @ityg ]gkeg Oeix, Rgauy _seujbg+ Ghgsg oetyty} oikbgk ojg ogk ng`gk cisxgng+
7=
@ylega Ynyn6 Exy sexit oikbgk _j}e` “hIJ _ykji„
O
glgn sgkb`g nikugncyt Oeix Kgtglex ]sjbsgn Ngbextis G`yktgkxe, NG@XE ci`isfg xgng oikbgk ]sjbsgn NXe ogk Oj`tjs nikuilikbbgsg`gk nikuilikbbgsg`gk `ylega ynyn oikbgk ting6 Exy Sexit oikbgk _j}e` “HIJ _yskjis„+ Xifg` `gxyx Iksjk tis`yg` }gog tgayk 3==7 lgly `gsikg
`ihysgkbgk oglgn ceogkb g`yktgkxe ‘ugkb og` ly}yt ogse }isgk Haeid `ihysgkbgk Iqihyi Jhis !HIJ%‘ xggt eke HIJ nisy}g`gk }isgk ugkb xgkbgt }ikkb xi`glebyx nikfgoe xjsjtgk+ HIJ oe}elea jlia Cjgso jd Oesihtjsx !CJO% ykty` ninen}ek xicyga jsbgkexgxe+ ]isgk eke nincygt HIJ nikfgoe xgkbgt `syxegl oe oglgn xicyga jsbgkexgxe+ Kgnyk, og` xioe`et HIJ ugkb `ilygs gtgy cegxg oexicyt oikbgk xti}}io ojrk+ Ghgsg `ylega ynyn eke oexilikbbgs oexilikbbgsg`gk g`gk !7?*4% }y`yl =5+==.77+8= cistin}gt oe Gyoetjseyn CSE lgktge 8, ]sjbsgn NXe ogk Oj`tjs DIC YBN ogk oeagoese jlia 99 }ixistg+ ]incehgsg }gog ghgsg eke goglga Os+ Fg} Idikoe ugkb nisy}g`gk ojxik ogse Ykeixetu jd _iqgx gt Geslekbtjk ogk oenjoisgtjse jlia ]sjd+ Os+ Ekosg Refgug @yxyng, NCG+ ugkb nisy}g`gk ojxik ogse DIC YBN+ ]gog xixe }istgng, }incehgsg ning}gs`gk xicgc.xicgc ugkb }isbgkgk HIJ+ Gog bg xicgc ugkb oeykb`g}, ugety6 `ekisfg, `ihysgkbgk g`yktgkxe, ogk }isngekgk `jn}ikxgxe+ Ykty` ninyoga`gk }ixistg oglgn ningagne g}g ugkb oefilgx`gk jlia }incehgsg, }incehgsg fybg nincise`gk hjktja seel ugkb tilga tisfgoe oe oglgn }isyxgaggk.}isyxgaggk cixgs xi}is Sixigsha ek Njjk, Kj`eg, Ugajj, Cysbis @ekb, A], ]vis, ogk lgek. lgek+ Xilgek nikfilgx`gk tiktgkb }ikuicgc.}ikuicgc }isbgkgk HIJ, }incehgsg fybg nikfilgx`gk nikbikge }ikuicgc.}ikuicgc xygty jsbgkexgxe nin}istgagk`gk HIJ nisi`g+ Ghgsg eke cisfglgk oikbgk xy`xix ogk lgkhgs+ ]ixistg }gog ghgsg eke xgkbgt gktyxegx nikbe`y ghgsg, tisleagt ogse cgkug`kug }istgkuggk ugkb oegfy`gk }gsg }ixistg }gog xixe tgkug fgrgc+
Ngbextis I`jkjne`g ]incgkbykgk
Rgkg.Rgke Oeix Kgtglex `i.72 NI] DIC YBN
F
yke 3=73, NI] DIC YBN bikg} cisyxeg 72 tgayk, ciscgbge `ibegtgk tilga oelg`xgkg`gk jlia NI] cge` ciskygkxg g`goinex ngy}yk kjk g`goinex+ Sgkb`gegk `ibegtgk oenylge oikbgk tisxilikbbgsgkug _yskgnik dytxgl ugkb cislgkbxykb oe lg}gkbgk Xjhhis Dytxgl, xgcty 73 Nie lgly+ _ikogkbgk cjlg }istgng Bynelgkb nikgkoge }istgkoekbgk dytxgl xi`glebyx nikbgrgle sgkb`gegk `ibetgk OEIX NI]+ “@ibegtgk Dytxgl eke cistyfygk ykty` nikfglek xelgatysgane `ilygsbg cixgs NI],„ ykb`g} Bynelgkb Gsuj Xgagoirj xilg`y `jjsoekgtjs OEIX `gle eke+ Xilgek ety, nikyncya`gk xingkbgt `icisxgnggk `icisxgnggk ogk `ig`sgcgk+ ]ixistg tyskgnik dytxgl tisoese ogse ngagxexrg NI] ogk `gsugrgk oe cgrga Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex YBN+ ]gog }ykhg` kgl dytxgl NI] nin}istiny`gk ngagxexrg NI] gkb`gtgk ?? oikbgk `gsugrgk NN+ X`js ?.3 ykty`
`inikgkbgk ngagxexrg gkb`gtgk ?? oglgn tyskgnik Dytxgl Oeix `i. `inikgkbgk 72 NI]+ Xiniktgsg ety, }gog 34 Nie 3=73 sgkb`gegk oeix NI] oelgkfyt`gk oikbgk NI] EOJL 3=73 cistin}gt oe `gn}yx NI]+ Cg}g` Rgauy Reogugt xglga xgty fyse nikbgtg`gk cgarg `ibegtgk eke nincise rgskg ogk g}sigxegxe }gog ngagxexrg ogk `gsugrgk+ “_iskugtg ngagxexrg }ykug xexe lgek ogse tybgx ytgng oikbgk }is`ylegagk,„ yfgskug+ @i ixj`gk agsekug, `ilygsbg cixgs xeetgx g`goine`g NI] agoes “nikb.jsgkbi.`gk„ aglgngk `gn}yx oglgn `ibegtgk ugkb cistgfy`
Dgnelu Dyk Ogu+ Dgnelu Dyk Ogu eke oeagoese jlia ?38 jsgkb ugkb tisoese ogse Ojxik DIC YBN cixistg `ilygsbg, Ngagxexrg NI], @gsugrgk
77
RAG_―X Y] DIC NI] cixistg `ilygsbg, bgcykbgk `gsugrgk oe cgrga Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex YBN !NN, N+Xe+, NG@XE, ]]G@, DIC, O8%+ Ngagxexrg, `gsugrgk ogk ojxik ciscgys cisxgng oglgn `ig`sgcgk ogk `i`ilygsbggk NI]+ Nikbgrgle ghgsg Dgnelu Dyk Ogu, Oi`gk DIC YBN ]sjd+ Ngsrgk Gxse, NCG+, ]a+O ninen}ek lgkbxykb fglgk xiagt oikbgk nikin}ya syti oe xi}ytgsgk `gn}yx NI]+ Xitilga fglgk xiagt, }ixistg `incgle cis`yn}yl oe aglgngk `gn}yx NI] ykty` cisjlgasgbg cisjlgasgb g xikgn }gbe oikbgk nikbe`y bisg`gk ekxtsy`tys xikgn+ Oi`gk DIC YBN nincy`g xihgsg sixne `ibegtgk Oeix NI] `i.72 oikbgk }ili}gxgk cgljk oe ghgsg Dgnelu Dyk Ogu nix`e}yk, _yskgnik Dytxgl NI] ogk gyoexe NI] EOJL ugkb nisy}g`gk cgbegk ogse `ibegtgk Oeix NI] tilga tislg`xgkg+ Dgnelu Dyk Ogu xing`ek nisega oikbgk gogkug }ikgn}elgk Dekglex NI] EOJL ugkb tilga ljljx gyoexe xiagse xicilynkug+ Xilgek ety, tgn}g` cicisg}g }ixistg xelea cisbgk nikuyncgkb nikuyncgkb lgby ykty` nikbecys xilysya }ixistg Dgnele Dyk Ogu+ ]ilcgbge }isljncggk oegktgsgkug tikex nifg, tgse`.tgncgkb, ogk ljncg ykty` gkg`.gkg` tysyt nisgnge`gk xygxgkg+ Xi}gkfgkb ghgsg Ojjs}sevi oeykoe ogk oecgbe`gk `i}gog }ixistg ogk }gog g`aes ghgsg Dgnelu Dyk Ogu oelg`y`gk }ikbykoegk Ojjs}sevi ytgng+
@ylega Ynyn NI] YBN6
_gkx}ggkxe ogk G`yktgceletgx @iygkbgk Ogiga
Ujbug`gstg !74*?%, NI] nikuilikbbgsg`gk @ylega Ynyn ]ikbiljlggk @iygkbgk ugkb _sgkx}gsgk ogk G`yktgcil6 ]ikkbkug G`yktgceletgx G`yktgcelet gx Xextin ]ikbikoglegk Ektisk oikbgk kgsg xyncis Engn Cgxtgse xilg`y Oi}y ]ikbgrgxgk Ceogkb ]ikuilikbbgsggk @iygkbgk Ogisga C]@]+ C]@]+ Engn nikbgtg`gk cgarg lg}jsgk `iygkbgk }in isektga ogisga cge` }sjekxe ngy}yk `gcy}gtik*`jtg ugkb niog}gt j}eke Rgfgs _gk}g ]ikbihyglegk !R_]% ngxea xioe`et+ ]isly oe`itgaye cgarg ngkgfinik `iygkbgk }inisektga agn}es nese} oikbgk `js}jsgxe xiaekbbg oetyktyt xijsgkb iktsi}siykis ugkb cge` ogse cesj`sgt+ “Ekdsgxtsy`tys }isgtysgk }isykogkb.ykogkbgk xyoga hgkbbea tg}e “Ekdsgxtsy`tys cilyn oe.cgh` y} XON ugkb cge`„, ykb`g}kug ykb`g}kug oeagog}gk ngagxexrg+ ]inisektga }gog tgayk 3=7? nikgsbit`gk lg}jsgk `iygkbgk ugkb nin}isjlia j}eke R_] xicixgs 4=)+ Kgnyk, xgn}ge tgayk 3=77 j}eke R_] cgsy nikhg}ge 2) xiaekbbg }isly gogkug iglygxe cisxgng+ Engn nikgncga`gk cgarg }isngxglgagk }ikbiljlggk `iygkbgk ogk gxit nikfgoe }isaggk oglgn lg}jsgk `iygkbgk+ Oglgn `jkti`x }ikisenggk ]GO, cgkug` ogisga ugkb xyoga jtjkjn ninele`e ]GO ugkb `ihel oikbgk `gtg lgek g`etgx i`jkjne oe ogisga tisxicyt ngxea sikoga+ Engn nikytys`gk cgarg xggt eke }inisektga ogisga ngxea nikbgkogl`gk OGY, OG@ ogk Ogkg Cgbe Agxel oglgn }inceguggk }incgkbykgk+ Ykty` nikbgtgxe }isngxglgagk tisxicyt, xicge` nykb`ek }inisektga ogisga nilg`y`gk }isikhgkggk }incgkbykgk oikbgk nin}isncgkb` nin}isncgkb`gk gk cixgsgk gkbbgsgk }ikog}gtgk cilgkfg ogisga+ “]inisektga ogisga ning`xengl`gk }ikbbglegk xyncis.xyncis }ikog}gtgk ogisga ugkb }jktikxegl ykty` nin}is`ygt }incgkbykgk ogisga, ogisga,„„ yfgs Engn+ Oexgn}ekb ety, }iseagl ugkb cis`getgk }ikbbykggk gkbbgsgk oglgn }incgkbykgk ogisga }isly gogkug xextin }ikbikoglegk ektiskgl }inisektga+ Oglgn nikfglgk`gk xextin tisxicyt, }inisektga ogisga }isly nikueg}`gk ekdsxtsy`tys ogk xyncis ogug ngkyxeg ugkb cge` oglgn }ilg`xgkggkkug+ Xilgek ety, }ikbiljlggk `iygkbgk jlia }inisektga ogisga eke og` agkug oe}gktgy jlia cicisg}g }ikbgrgx ektiskgl }inisektga xi}is ekx}i`tjsgt, C]@] ogk C]@ titg}e ogse }eag` i`tiskgl xi}is Lincgbg Xrgogug Ngxugsg`gt+P]sxt^
73
Xinekg Kgxejkgl NI] DIC YBN6 _gktgkbgk ogk ]ilygkb sidjngxe Cej`gxe Ekojkixeg
S
idjsngxe ugkb tilga cisfglgk xifg` tgayk 7552 tisytgng oe ceogkb }jle`, i`jkjne ogk ay`yn tilga nisycga cgkug` gx}i` xextin }inisektgagk Ekojkixeg+ Oglgn xgncytgk Niktise ]GK ogk SC ugkb oecghg`gk jlia Exngel Nyagnngo nikfilgx`gk cgarg @icefg`gk ogk }sjbsgn sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe ugkb oetygkb`gk oglgn Bsgko Oixebk ogk Sjgo Ng} gktgsg lgek nikhg`y} ciscgbge lgkb`ga }isycgagk }gog xinyg gx}i` ngkgfingk }inisektgagk ogse gx}i` jsbgkexgxe, tgtglg`xgkg, xyncisogug ngkyxeg g}gsgtys, }isgtysgk }isykogkbgk, }ikbgrgxgk, g`yktgceletgx, }ilgugkgk }ycle`, ogk }isycgagk cyogug `isfg g}gsgtys !hyltysi.xi !hyltysi.xi t ogk nekoxit %+ %+ ]ilg`xgkggk `icefg`gk ogk }sjbsgn Sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe oelg`y`gk nilglye }sjxix tisoixiktsglexgxe, xisiktg`, ogk cistgag}, xistg tis`jjsoekg tis`jjsoekgxe+ xe+ ]ikuilikbbgsggk Xinekgs _gktgkbgk ogk ]ilygkb Sidjsngxe Cesj`sgxe oe Ekojkixeg jlia NI] oe Ajtil Aug Sibikhu, Xgcty 3 Fyke ugkb lgly oeagoese jlia 39= }ixistg ugkb tisoese ogse ngagxexrg, glynke ogk Ojxik NI], xistg }sg`xe ugkb cis`getgk lgkbxykb oikbgk }ilg`xgkggk Sidjsngxe Cesj`sgxe cge` oe }yxgt ngy}yk oe ogisga+ ]incehgsg oglgn xinekgs tisxicyt, gktgsg lgek Gekyk Kg―en ogse @inikoe`cyo, Gkeix Xgeo Cgxglgnga ogse @inik`iy, Issu Seugkg Agsofg}gnikb`gx ogse n ekoi}ikoik sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe, Reagkg @esgkg Fgug ogse DIC YBN, ogk Cie Gsegktj Reojoj ogse @]@ xistg ogse }inisektga ]sjekxe Fgnce ogk @gcy}gtik Bykykb @eoyl+ Nikysyt Gekyk Kg―en xi`fik ogk `ityg n SC @inikoe`cyo nikytys`gk cgarg dikjnikg }jxexe Ekojkixeg ninehy tiscikty`gkug ]sjbsgn Sidjsngxe Cesj`sgxe eke gktgsg lgek6 ]jxexe ogug xgekb Ekojkixeg sikoga, _ekb`gt @jsy}xe Ekojkixeg ugkb ngxea kbbe, Ojekb Cyxekixx Ekoiq Ekojkixeg ngxea nikoyoy`e ysytgk oe gtgx 7== ogk Sex` Si}jst Ekojkixeg kbbe+ “Dg`tg xggt eke tisog}gt 97 fytg }ilgfgs, 3,4 fytg bysy, 8== secy ojxik, 358 secy xi`jlga, ?8= xgt`is, xgt`is, gxit 775 _
ykty` oe`iljlg,„ ykb`g}kug+ Xilgek ety, }ikbiljlggk ogkg }ikoeoe`gk
jlia `inikoe`cyo goglga 4=) ogse 3=) }jx G]CK ykty` }ikoeoe`gk+ “Cesj`sgxe ety }isly xiktyagk _i`kjljbe Ekdjsngxe, xyncis ogug ugkb `jn}itik ogk }sjxix,„ encyakug+ “@iniktisegk `iygkbgk xicgbge }eljt }sjfiht }istgng oglgn }ilg`xgkggk sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe oikbgk bg }elgs sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe,„ yfgs Gkeix+ “]elgs E nikhg`y} }ikgtggk jsbgkexgxe, jsbgkexgxe, gkglexg ogk iglygxe fgcgtgk0 ]elgs EE }ikekb`gtgk oexe}lek }ibgrge, Gxxixnikt Hiktis Hiktis,, oe`lgt ciscgxex `jn}itikxe, }jlg nytgxe, }ikgtggk }ibgrge, ngkgfinik tgliktg, xextin ekdjsngxe ngkgfinik `i}ibgrgegk0 ogk ]elgs EEE nikhg`y} }ikuin}yskggk XJ] ogk XJ] lgugkgk ykbbylgk,„ filgxkug+ Nikysytkug xggt eke Ekojkixeg cilyn gog gsgagk sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe cesj`sgxe ugkb filgx `gsikg xig} lincgbg gtg}yk ekxtgkxe cisciog.ciog+ Nikysyt Dgyve Xugn xtgd gale ceogkb ay`yn }inisektgagk
Byciskys ]sjekxe Fgnce cgarg sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe og}gt tislg`xgkg oikbgk cge` g}gcelg gog @jnetnik ]en}ekgk xicgbge hjktja goglga gogkug @iagoesgk Byciskys oglgn ciscgbge `jjsoekgxe cge` liil }sjekxe aekbbg `ihgngtgk+ ]gkogkbgk ogse Cyoe Ngstjkj, ]lt Xi`og Bykykb @eoyl, `i`g nikbagog}e }isngxglgagk oglgn ninykhyl`gk lincgbg cgsy ugety og` gogkug gkbbgsgk, xicgbge xjlyxekug goglga oikbgk nilg`y`gk }isgn}ekbgk lincgbg+ Reagkg @esgkg Fgug nikbytgsg`gk cgarg }isngxglgagk }iselg`y oglgn cesj`sgxe nikfgoe }jek }ikkb oglgn sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe+ “Cyogug cis}ikbgsya oglgn cesj`sgxe oe ekojkixeg,„ yfgskug+ Cie Gsegktj Reojoj x}ixeglex }ikilegk ogk }ikb`gefegk xextin @]@ nikbygt`gk }gkogkbgk Reagkg cgarg ` agxel sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe goglga gogkug }isycgagk ]iselg`y+ Xilgek ety, Cie nikgncga`gk cgarg xgxgsgk ynyn sidjsngxe cesj`sgxe nikbycga }jlg }e`es ogk cyogug `isfg+ P]sxt^
78
RAG_―X Y] DIC
Ngbextis Xgekx ogk Oj`tjs
Deilo _e} tj Rgxaekbtjk Oh Oygl Oibii ]jbgn GU]X BXY.NX DIC YBN
]
gog grgl Nie lgly, 73 jsgkb }ibgrge Cgogk @icefg`gk Dex`gl ugkb xiogkb nikuilixge`gk }sjbsgn Ngxtis oe Bijsbeg
Xtgti Ykeisxetu nikog}gt `ixin}gtgk ykty` nilg`xgkg`gk ioyhgjkgl ilo tse} `i tse} `i Rgxaekbtjk OH+ @ibegtgk ugkb oe`jjsoekgxe jlia Ektiskgjkgl Xtyoikt gko Xhajlgs Xisehix cisxgng oikbgk Gkosir Ujykb Xhajjl jd ]ycleh Xtyoeix Bijsbeg Xtgti Ykeisxetu eke nisy}g`gk cgbegk ogse }sjbsgn oygl oibsii cgbe }ibgrge C@D ugkb oex}jkxjse jlia YXGEO+ Deilo tse} eke cistyfygk ykty` nikbikgl`gk }ixistg `i}gog xifgsga, xextin }inisektgagk, ogk cyogug Gnise`g Xise`gt+ ]gog `ibegtgk eke, }ixistg nikbykfykbe YX Hg}etjl, Lekhjlk Ninjsegl, Lecsgsu jd Hjkbsixx, ogk tin}gt cisxifgsga lgekkug ykty` nikog}gt`gk }ikfilgxgk nikbikge bgncgsgk xifgsga }inisektgagk Gnise`g Xise`gt xistg ijlyxe cyogug oe Gnise`g Xise`gt ogse ngxg `i ngxg+ Cgbegk lgek ogse ilo tse} eke oeexe oikbgk `ibegtgk ugkb og}gt nikekb`gt`gk }ikbitgaygk ogk rgrgxgk }ixistg nikbikge
}ikilegk oe ceogkb i`jkjne+ Xilgng cisgog oe Rgxaekbtjk OH, }ixistg nikog}gt `ixin}gtgk ykty` cisoex`yxe oikbgk oyg ihjkjneh taek` tgk` oe Rgxaekbtjk OH, Yscgk Ekxtyti ogk Oiilj}nikt Gltiskgix Gltiskgix Ekh+ Oglgn oex`yxe tisxicyt }ixistg cgkug` nikog}gt ekdjsngxe nikbikge }ilg`xgkggk sexit.sexit i`jkjne xistg ciscgbge tgktgkbgk oglgn nilg`y`gk sexit+ Oikbgk oex`yxe eke, }gsg }ixistg ugkb xiogkb nikbgncel }sjbsgn Ngxtis oe ceogkb i`jkjne
7?
oeagsg}`gk og` agkug ningagne sexit ogse xexe tijse nilgek`gk fybg ogse xexe }ikisg}gk xixykbbyakug+ Oglgn ilo tse} eke, tse} eke, sjncjkbgk fybg cis`ykfykb `i `gktjs }yxgt Rjslo Cgk` ogk YXGEO+ Oe}gkoy jlia Bykgrgk ]secgoe, }ibgrge C@D ugkb xggt eke nikfgoe Xikejs Goexjs oe Rjslo Cgk`, sjncjkbgk nikog}gt }ikfilgxgk nikbikge }isgkgk Rjslo Cgk` oe }incgkbykgk oykeg ogk }ikfilgxgk tiktgkb ogtgcgxi ugkb oe`incgkb`gk jlia Rjslo Cgk`+ Ogtgcgxi eke og` agkug og}gt oebykg`gk ykty` nincgkty sexit g`aes oe Bijsbeg Xtgti Ykeisxetu, titg}e fybg sexit.sexit lgekkug cibety }ixistg `incgle `i Ekojkixeg+ ]gog xggt cis`ykfykb `i Rjslo Cgk`, sjncjkbgk ngagxexrg GUX]X BXY fybg cis`ixin}gtgk ykty` cistiny ogk cisoex`yxe oikbgk Ngkgbekb Oesihtjs Rjslo Cgk`, Xse Nylugke Ekosgrg+ Oex`yxe ugkb oe}gkoy Bykgrgk ]secgoe cislgkbxykb xgktge, titg}e xgkbgt ekdjsngd+ Oglgn oex`yxe tisxicyt, Xse Nylugke xilgek nincise`gk kfgygk `jkoexe }isi`jkjnegk Ekojkixeg ogse xyoyt }gkogkbkug fybg nincise`gk ciscgbge xgsgk tj}e` }ikilegk ugkb og}gt oe`incgkb`gk xi`incglekug `i Ekojkixeg+ ]gog agse tisg`aes, sjncjkbgk nikbykfykbe `gktjs }yxgt YXGEO ogk cistiny oikbgk cicisg}g xikejs sixigshais oe YXGEO+ Oglgn `ixin}gtgk eke, }ixistg nikog}gt`gk `ixin}gtgk ykty` cisoex`yxe xihgsg nikoglgn tiktgkb ciscgbge }jline` oglgn nikbgncel `icefg`gk }isi`jkjnegk oe ciscgbge kibgsg cis`incgkb, `ayxyxkug oe Ekojkixeg+ PCguy ]^
Xiy}le` @iregyxgaggk Ekojkixeg6 ]ixiktgxe _en XICGs YXGEO
]
3IC DIC YBN ogk Ngbextis Xgekx DIC YBN ci`isfg xgng
oikbgk YXGEO, nikbbilgs xinekgs cisfyoyl “G Xkg}xajt jd Ekojkixegk Iktsi}sikiysxae} gko Nehsj, Xngll, gko Nioeyn Xevio Iktis}sexi Oiilj}nikt„+ Ghgsg oexilikbbgsg`gk }gog Sgcy !78*4% lgly oe Sygkb Gyoetjseyn CSE Ngbextis Xgekx DIC YBN+ Xinekgs eke nisy}g`gk }sixiktgxe agxel }ikilegk _en XICGS !Xtsikbtaikekb Cyxekixx Gxxjhegjk djs Sidjsn% ogse YXGEO gtgx bgncgsgk bgncgs gk }is`incgkbgk YN@N ogk resgyxgag oe Ekojkixeg+ Xicgbge njoisgtjs oglgn xinekgs eke goglga Cju`i ]yskjnj, XI+, NN+ Ghgsg oenylge }y`yl xi}ylya }gbe oikbgk xgncytgk ogse oi`gk
DIC YBN, ]sjd+ Ngsrgk Gxse, ]a+O+ Oelgkfyt`gk oikbgk xgncytgk ogse Gsoegtyk Gofe, ]a+O+ ugkb nirg`ele oesi`tys Ngbextis Xgekx DIC YBN+ Xgncytgk cise`ytkug oexgn}ge`gk jlia Os+ Gkbbetj Gcengkuy, ugkb fybg nin}sixiktgxe`gk nin}sixiktgxe`gk cgbgengkg resgyxgagrgk lj`gl xyoga agsyx cis}e`es xihgsg GXIGK `gsikg g`gk nikugtykug vjkg i`jkjne GXIGK+ Xilgkfytkug, Xilgkfytku g, Ogkeil _ajnxjk nirg`ele YXGEO nincise`gk xgncytgk ugkb nikfilgx`gk `isfg xgng YXGEO ogk cicisg}g oi}gstinik Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg oikbgk nincikty` _en XICGS eke+ @inyoegk, _en XICGS, ugkb tisoese gtgx Ogkeil _ajnxjk, Ogkeil Cilliiys, ]gtseh` _gkb`gy, ogk Bjjlog Xegaggk, nin}sixiktgxe`gk agxel }ikilegk nisi`g xilgng bg cylgk oe Ekojkixeg+ _en XICGS ning}gs`gk cicisg}g }isngxglgagk ynyn ugkb oeagog}e jlia
resgyxgagrgk oe Ekojkixeg, ugety ngxglga xyncis ogug ngkyxeg, }ikogkggk, ogk }isevekgk yxgag+ ]ikogkggk nikfgoe }sjclin, `gsikg kbbekug cykbg `sioet ogk xyletkug }isxugsgtgk !tisytgng fgnekgk ugkb agsyx oecise`gk% nincygt resgyxgagrgk ikbbgk ninekfgn ogkg `i cgk` ykty` nikbincgkb`gk yxgag nisi`g+ Evek yxgag fybg nikfgoe `ikoglg, agkug 84,5) YN@N ugkb ninele`e evek yxgag oe Ekojkixeg+ Dg`tg oe lg}gkbgk nincy``gk cgarg }sjxix }isevekgk yxgag xgkbgt `jn}li`x, ciscilet, ogk lgng+ Nix`e}yk }inisektga nikuioeg`gk }yxgt }ilgugkgk tis}goy xgty }ekty ugkb og}gt ninyoga`gk iktsi}sikiys, og` cgkug` ugkb nikbitgaye `icisgoggk `gktjs eke+ Ogse agxel }ikilegk nisi`g, _en XICGS }yk nikbgfy`gk yxylgk `i }inisektga Ekojkixeg tis`get yxgag }ikbincgkbgk YN@N, xi}is xjxeglexgxe lgugkgk tis}goy xgty }ekty, }ikekb`gtgk @sioet Yxgag Sg`ugt, xtgkogsoexgxe }sjxix evek yxgag, ogk }ikoesegk gkbil cgk` ykty` }inceguggk gltiskgd+ gltiskgd+ Ghgsg oetyty} oikbgk }incisegk xjyikes `i}gog }gsg }incehgsg xinekgs+ Nix`e}yk nincehgsg`gk tiktgkb agxel }ikilegk, `ingxgk ghgsg eke oecygt xgktge oikbgk }ikgn}elgk ngagxexrg cisy}g dsiixtuli cjlg ogk fybg }ikgn}elgk g`yx` betgs+ Oglgn xinekgs eke fybg oe}gfgkb cicisg}g }sjoy` }gsg resgyxgagrgk `sigd oe Ujbug`gstg, xi}is figkx Oikegl Oiken, cjlg cg`, betgs cg`, ogk `j}e Gstinu+ P}seng^
79
RAG_―X Y] DIC
]sjbsgn ]sjdixe G`yktgkxe
Rexyog }iejoi EQ
]
gog tgkbbgl 33 Fyke 3=73, ]ikoeoe`gk ]sjdixe G`yktgkxe DIC YBN nikuilikbbgsg`gk nikuilikbbgsg`gk rexyog }isejoi EQ ykty` gkb`gtgk QQ, QQE ogk QQEE+ Rexyog tisxicyt oelg`xgkg`gk oe Lgktge 7 Bioykb Bsag Xgcag ]sgngkg Cylg`xynys ogk oee`y jlia 335 rexyogrgk+ Fynlga rexyogrgk ugkb nisgea E]@ hynlgyoi xicgkug` 8= jsgkb oikbgk xgty jsgkb nisgea E]@ xin}yskg ugety ?+==+ ]gog rexyog }isejoi EQ eke, ]]G` nikbagoes`gk Gbyx Xy}gstj, N+C+G, xilg`y @i}glg ]incekggk G`yktgk ]]GF] @iniktsegk @iygkbgk Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg+ Oglgn xgncytgkkug, Gbyx Xy}gstj nikfilgx`gk }ikkbkug }gsg g`yktgk Ekojkixeg tisyx nilg`y`gk y}ogti }ikbitgaygk ugkb oenele`e gbgs og}gt cisxgekb oe ngxg `eke ogk ngxg ugkb g`gk ogtgkb+
74
@ilgx Ngte`ylgxe
]
ikoeoe`gk ]sjdixe G`yktgkxe DIC YBN ninylge `ilgx cgsy ngtse`ylgxe QQT }gog tgkbbgl ? Fyke 3=73+ @ilgx ngtse`ylgxe eke nisy}g`gk agxel ogse tix gleogxe `jn}itikxe ugkb oexilikbbgsg`gk oexilikbbgs g`gk }gog tgkbbgl 75 Nie 3=73+ ]ixistg ykty` tix ngxy` eke cisfynlga ?? jsgkb+ Fynlga }ixistg ugkb lylyx tix ogk nikbe`y ngtse`ylgxe gkb`gtgk gkb`gtgk QQT eke cisfynlga 83 jsgkb+
Xinekg G`yktgkxe ]iniektgagk
]
gog tgkbbgl 74 Fyke 3=73, ]ikoeoe`gk ]sjdixe ]sjdixe G`yktgkxe DIC YBN nikuilikbbgsg`gk Xinekgs G`yktgkxe ]inisektgagk ugkb nikbgncel tj}e` “G`yktgkxe ]inisektgagk6 Xifgsga, ]is`incgkbgk ogk Exy.Exy _is`eke„+ _is`eke„+ Xinekgs G`yktgkxe ]inisektgagk eke nisy}g`gk xglga xgty }isryfyogk _se Oagsng ]isbysygk _ekbbe oe ngkg DIC YBN }gog ynynkug ogk ]]G` }gog `ayxyxkug tysyt xistg oglgn yxgag nikuicgslygx`gk elny `i}gog ngxugsg`gt lygx `ayxyxkug oglgn ceogkb g`yktgkxe+ ]incehgsg ugkb oeagoes`gk }gog xinekgs `gle eke goglga Os+ Os+ Fgk Ajixgog, H]G+, H]G+, G`t+ oe ngkg cilegy goglga xglga xgty gkbbjtg Oirgk Xtgkogs G`yktgkxe ]inisektgagk E`gtgk G`yktgk Ekojkixeg+ Xinekgs tisxicyt oee`y jlia xi`etgs 73= jsgkb ugkb tisoese ogse ngagxexrg sibylgs X7 DIC YBN, ngagxexrg ]]G`, xistg Ekx}i`tjsgt ogk ekxtgkxe oe lekb`ykbgk OE Ujbug`gstg ogk Fgrg _ikbga oikbgk oenjoisgtjse jlia ]sjd+ Os+ Xyrgsofjkj, N+Xh+ Ghgsg tisxicyt cistin}gt oe Gyoetjseyn Ofgsyn ]istgnekg _jris Lgktge 4+
@ifgxgng }ingxgkbgk e`lgk aycykbe6 Cgbegk ]jnjxe, Gonexe, @ifgxgng ogk ]ikbincgkbgk Yxgag Lgktge 7 Xgug} _eny Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeixetgx Bgofga Ngog _6 +43 23? 9?1 97= iqt 738 D6 +43 23? 91= 232 I6 ey}Mdicybngeo R6 rrrdicybngeo 72
X]IhEGL sI]Js_
ENGBGNG Xy`xix Xilikbbgg`gk BNGO 3=73
E
`gtgk Ngagxexrg G`yktgkxe Bgofga Ngog !ENGBGNG% `incgle nikuilikbbgsg`gk nikuilikbbgs g`gk }isailgtgk g`yktgkxe tiscixgs oe tserylgk `ioyg tgayk 3=73 eke+ Ghgsg tgaykgk cistgfy` Bgofga Ngog Ghhjykkb Ogux !BNGO% `gle eke nikbgkb`gt ting cixgs “Bjjo Ghhjykkb Djs Iqhillikt Cyxekixx„+ @ityg BNGO 3=73, Bissu Xjkog`a !G`yktgkxe 3=7=% nikbykb`g}`gk, “_ing eke oe}elea `gsikg bjjo ghhykkb agsyx nikfgoe djkogxe }gog xig} `ibegtgk cexkex ykty` nikhg}ge agxel ugkb xixyge oikbgk g}g ugkb oeagsg}`gk oikbgk tgk}g nikekbbgl`gk gtgy nikbaelgkb`gk kelge.kelge `i}gtyagkkug+„ Sgkb`gegk BNGO 3=73 oegrgle oikbgk Xinekgs Kgxejkgl “Xyxtgekgceleu Ghhjykkb gko Si}jskb„ oe Gyoetjseyn NN YBN !31*?%+ Xinekgs eke nikbagoes`gk }gsg kgsgxyncis, cge` }sg`xe
71
ngy}yk g`goinexe ugkb nikoglgne }ikbbykgggk lg}jsgk g`yktgkxe
cis`ilgkfytgk oglgn }sg`` cexkex+ Xinekgs }yk oecy`g oikbgk `iukjti x}iiha ogse }isrg`elgk @iniktsegk Lekb`ykbgk Aeoy} Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg ugkb xilgkfytkug tiscgbe oglgn oyg xixe+ Xixe }istgng nincgagx lgkogxgk tijse }ikisg}gk lg}jsgk g`yktgkxe cis`ilgkfytgk oikbgk nikbagoes`gk Os+ I`j Xyrgsoe, N+Xh+ !Ojxik DIC YBN% ogk Gle Ogsrek, G`+ N+Xh+ !Iqihyi Oesihtjs jd Kgjkgl Hjs}jsgti Xjhegl Six}jkxeceletu%+ Xiniktgsg xixe `ioyg niki`gk`gk }gog en}liniktgxe lg}jsgk g`yktgkxe cis`ilgkfytgk oglgn g`etgx cexkex kugtg oikbgk }incehgsg Es+ Gbyx Uylegktj !XN+ HXS ]_+ Gki`g _gncgkb% ogk Es+ Nelgrgsng !Oesi`tys Ytgng ]_+ Cy`et Gxgn%+ Oe xgn}ekb xinekgs, BNGO 3=73 fybg nikuilikbbgsg`gk
`jn}ixe cgbe ngagxexrg g`yktgkxe oe xilysya Ekojkixeg, ugety Kgjkgl Ghhjykkb Jlen}go !KGJ% !7=*9.73*9%+ @jn}ixe eke oenikgkb`gk jlia n ogse Ykeisxetgx ]gsgaugkbgk xicgbge fygsg 7 ogk 3, oexyxyl n ogse Ykeisxetgx Geslgkbbg xicgbge fygsg 8+ Oex`yxe tis`get exy.exy g`yktgkxe oeg`jnjogxe oikbgk gogkug `jkdisikxe ngagxexrg kb`gt Ektiskgxejkgl, Ektiskgjkgl Ghjykkb Xtyoikt Hjkdisikhi !EGXH% !7=*9.77*9%+ EGXH oeagoese jlia }isrg`elgk ngagxexrg g`yktgkxe ogse ciscgbge ykeisxetgx oe Ekojkixeg xi}is Ykeisxetg Bgofga Ngog, Ykeisxetgx Geslgkbbg, Ykeisxetgx _sexg`, xistg }isrg`elgk ngagxexrg gxekb xicgkug` oyg n ogse _agelgko ogk }g}is ykty` }istgng `glekug oesgea jlia @jsig+ ]gog tgayk eke, cixt }g}is ykty` YBN lirgt oyg ngagxexrgkug ogse Fysyxgk G`yktgkxe+ Iydjseg BNGO 3=73 xing`ek likb`g} oglgn Fjbfg Gngvekb Sghi ugkb nikbgfg` }gsg }ixistg KGJ ogk EGXH cis`ilelekb Ujbug`gstg oglgn xicyga sghi hjn}ijk + Sgkb`gegk ghgsg BNGO 3=73 oetyty} oikbgk Bgtaisekb Kebat+ ]gog xggt etylga, ciscgbge aecysgk oexybya`gk xi`glebyx }ykhg` ghgsg oexilikbbgsg`gk, ugety }incisegk agoega }gog }inikgkb `jn}ixe+ “Xihgsg ynyn BNGO `ingsek tilga cisfglgk oikbgk xy`xix+ @iagoesgk ngagxexrg gxekb ogse @jsig ogk _agelgko oglgn `jkdisikxe nisy}g`gk }ikhg}gegk ugkb cge`„, ykb`g} Gseid Xugacyoe Kybsgag !G`yktgkxe 3=73%, @ityg ENGBGNG+ Gseid nikbagsg}`gk BNGO 3=78 og}gt cisfglgk licea xy`xix, licea `sigd, ogk ekjgd oglgn }ilg`xgkggkkug+
75
RAJ―X RAJ
_ebg Oi`goi ]ikbgcoegk Xykgekekbxea
R
g`ty cgsy nikykfy``gk }y`yl leng }gbe+ Ecy.ecy synga tgkbbg tiktykug tikbga xecy` nikueg}`gk xgsg}gk ykty` `ilygsbgkug gtgy nilg`y`gk }i`isfggk synga lgekkug+ _itg}e og` oikbgk Kgse+ ]gog rg`ty ugkb xgng, eg xyoga nilgrgk oekbekkug }gbe, cisbibgx nikyfy Cylg`xynys+ Eg nikfgoe xglga xgty ogse xibileks jsgkb ugkb xyoga xgn}ge `gn}yx xicilyn }y`yl ikgn }gbe+ Xyoga 83 tgayk Xykgsekekbxea‟ugkb g`sgc oexg}g Kgse‟
nikbgcoe oe Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex+ Xig} }gbe, eg nincygt tia ykty` xilysya `gsugrgk ogk ojxik oe `gn}yx eke0 nylge ogse nikuioya ges aekbbg nikbgktgs`gk tia `i sygkbgk ojxik+ G}gcelg }i`isfggk eke tilga xilixge, eg nikyfy Cgbegk Ynyn ogk nikbisfg`gk ciscgbge tybgx, nylge ogse xhgk oj`ynik aekbbg nikbysyx xysgt ngxy`+ Ecy oikbgk bg gkg` eke cisbgcykb oikbgk Dg`yltgx I`jkjne !kgng lgn}gy DIC .sio% xifg` tgayk 751=, `i`g DIC ngxea cisgog oe bioykb si`tjsgt+ Nikysytkug, ugkb cis`ixgk ogse }i`isfggkkug xilgng eke goglga `i`g jx}i` ngagxexrg !rg`ty ety ciskgng ]?% }gog tgayk 1=.gk+ Xggt ety, eg cisxgng cicisg}g si`gk `gsugrgk nincgkty nikbysyx `i}islygk `jkxynxe ngagxexrg cgsy+ Oesgxgk Oesgxgkug ug cis`ixgk `gsikg eg agsyx xtgko cu aekbbg ghgsg xilixge, }y`yl xitikbga xincelgk nglgn, ogk ety cislgkbxykb xilgng cisagse.agse+ Kgse cikgs.cikgs cisdj`yx }gog tybgxkug oe DIC, oecy``gk oikbgk og` gogkug g`etgx xgn}ekbgk ugkb eg `isfg`gk+ “_eog` kugnce g}g.g}g, cisogbgkb fybg og`,„ yfgskug+ _ybgx oe synga, xi}is nikhyhe ogk ningxg`, oe`isfg`gkkug oe`isfg`gkkug nylge xitikbga in}gt }gbe+ Xitilgakug, eg cisxeg} ykty` cisgkb`gt `i DIC+ Xili}gx ci`isfg }gog }y`yl in}gt xjsi, eg }ylgkb `i synga ogk `incgle }gog syketgxkug xicgbge ecy synga tgkbbg+ Xilgng 83 tgayk eke, Kgse nisgxg xikgkb og}gt nikbgcoe oe DIC,
“Oe ngkg.ngkg !xgug% nisgxg xikgkb,„ tytyskug xgncel tistgrg+ _gayk oi}gk, ti}gt }gog 7? Kjincis 3=78, Kgse g`gk }ikxeyk+ Oe ngxg }ikxeykkug kgk, eg tilga cisikhgkg ykty` nikbagcex`gk rg`tykug oikbgk cishjhj` tgkgn oe xgrga ogk nikengkb hyhy xingtg rgugkbkug+ @i}gog `gsugrgk DIC YBN, eg cis}ixgk gbgs `gsugrgk nikbisfg`gk tybgx nisi`g oikbgk xicge`.cge`kug+ “_ybgx oe`isfg`gk xicge`.cge`kug gbgs cexg xy`xix oglgn `gses,„ }ixgkkug+ P}seng^
3=
XhAJLGsXAE] $ sIhsYE_NIK_
Cigxexrg OGGO 3=78*3=7? _ai Bisngk Ghgoineh Iqhagkbi Xisehi nikgrgs`gk cigxexrg X3 oe Fisngk ykty` glynke DIC YBN+ Ekdj likb`g} xelg`gk `ykfykbe lek` cise`yt a}6**rrr a}6**rrr+oggof`t+jsb*ekoiq+}a}:}s +oggof`t+jsb*ekoiq+}a}:}sjbsgn.cigxex jbsgn.cigxexrg. rg. oggo G}le`gxe oetyty} }gog 79 J`tjcis 3=73+
Ljrjkbgk @ifg oe ]_ Cgk` O@E ]_ Cgk` O@E nisy}g`gk cgk` nele` ]inisektga Ogisga O@E ugkb xiogkb tyncya ogk cis`incgkb xilgly xeg} nincgkty ngxugsg`gt Fg`gstg+ Xggt eke nikbykogkb glynke DIC YBN ugkb ninele`e `jn}itikxe, xingkbgt, ektibsetgx kbbe ykty` cisbgcykb oglgn niryfyo`gk Cgk` O@E nikfgoe ugkb tiscge` ogk nincgkbbg`gk+ Ekdjsngxe licea likb`g} `ykfykbe a}6**rrr+cgk`o`e+hj+eo+ Cis`gx lgngsgk oe`esen`gk eg ingel xicilyn tgkbbgl 8= Xi}tincis 3=73+
Ljrjkbgk @ifg oe ]_ Cgk` Nygnglgt Ekojkixeg, _c` ]_ Cgk` Nygnglgt Ekojkixeg, _c`+ oeoese`gk }gog 3? Sgceyx _xgke 7?73 A gtgy 7 Kjincis 7557 ugkb oe}sg`gsxge jlia Ngfilex Ylgng Ekojkixeg !NYE% ogk ]inisektga Ekojkixeg+ Xggt eke nincy`g `ixin}gtgk `i}gog glynke DIC YBN ykty` cisbgcykb oglgn }isyxgaggk+ Ekdjsngxe licea likb`g} a}6**rrr+nygnglgtcgk`+hjn a}6**rrr+nygnglgtcgk`+hjn Sibextsgxe jkleki jkleki xicilyn xicilyn tgkbbgl 87 Gbyxtyx 3=73+
37
]Gs_KIsXAE]
@ifg Xgng Cgy Likb`g}e Dgxeletgx ]itgnekg _jri
D
IC YBN nilg`y`gk xj lgykhaekb ]istgnekg _jris xicgbge tai hiktis jd iqhillikt cgbe `ibegtgk }ikilegk, }ilgagk,
ogk }ikbincgkbgk oykeg i`jkjne ogk cexkex !3=*73%+ Xicgbge }isryfyogk gtgx agl tisxicyt, ng`g DIC YBN nikfglek `isfg xgng cgsy oikbgk }eag`.}eag` tis`get+ @isfg xgng tisxicyt tis`get }ikbgoggk dgxeletgx xgsgkg }is`ylegagk, `jkxyltgxe cexkex, `iresgyxgaggk, `iresgyx gaggk, `ysxyx }ikoi`, ogk }ikbgcoegk ngxugsg`gt+ Xgn}ge xggt eke, DIC tilga nikfglek `isfg xgng oikbgk6 ‣
]_ _il`jn tis`get }ikuilikb }ikuilikbbgsggk bgsggk E_ Hjskis ykty` }yxgt }ikbincgkbgk njoil ciagejsgl ihjkjnehx +
‣
]_ Cgk` Sg`ugt Sg`ugt Ekojkixeg Ekojkixeg !CSE% !CSE% tis`get tis`get }ikuilikbbgs }ikuilikbbgsggk ggk @iresgyxgaggk ogk YN@N Hjskis xicgbge kog` lgkfyt ogse `jn}ixe resgyxgag ykty` ngagxexrg !]sjbsgn CSE Resgyxgag Sg`ugt%+ Xilgek ety CSE fybg nincy`g `gktjs `gx oe lgktge xgty Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris ykty` ninyoga`gk tsgkxg`xe }iscgk`gk tykge oe xgn}ekb tsgkxg`xe kjktykge ugkb oedgxeletgxe oikbgk }ikoesegk G_N oe G_N hiktis+
‣
C] Nebgx tis`get }ikuilikbbgsggk Ikisbu ]jlehu Hjskis ykty` nin}ilgfgse `gfegk `icefg`gk ikisbe cge` tiscgsy`gk ngy}yk og` tiscgsy`gk+
‣
Cgk` Ekojkixeg ogk Cgk` Xugsega Ngkoese tis`get }ikuilikbb }ikuilikbbgsggk gsggk Xugsega Hjskis ykty` nin}ilgfgse `gfegk.`gfegk xugsega oglgn sgkb`g nincise`gk oy`ykbgk tisagog} }ikbincgkbgk i`jkjne ogk `iygkbgk xugsega+ Xilgek ety, Cgk` Xugsega Ngkoese fybg cis}gsxe}gxe cis}gsxe}gxe nikoese`gk nikoese`gk xgty yket G_N G_N oe G_N G_N Hiktis+ Hiktis+
‣
]_ Ogkgsi`xg, tis`get }ikuilikbb }ikuilikbbgsggk gsggk Ekixtnikt Bgllisu ykty` nincgkty }ingagngk elny ugkb oeog}gt ngagxexrg oe `ilgx oikbgk nileagt dikjnikg }gxgs xgagn ugkb sigl ni , nincise`gk bgncgsgk `i}gog ngagxexrg nikbikge ciscgbge ekdjsngxe ugkb og}gt nin}ikbgsyae ektikxetgx tsgoekb tsgoekb oe oe }gxgs
33
xgagn ogk xicgbge cgxex ogtg ykty` xtyoe xi`tjs `iygkbgk `ayxyxkug ekxtsynik }gxgs xgagn+
‣
]_ Cgk` Kibgsg Kibgsg Ekojkixeg !CKE%, tis`get }ikuilikbbg }ikuilikbbgsggk sggk sygkb Dekgkhegl Ngs`it Y}ogti ykty` nincise`gk ekdjsngxe ogtg `iygkbgk sigl ni cgbe ngagxexrg ogk }ikile, nindgxeletgxe nindgxeletg xe ngagxexrg ykty` nin}ilgfgse gkglexex ogk `jkoexe ekixtgxe oikbgk cicisg}g ekxtsynik oglgn }gxgs `iygkbgk, nikbgkglexex ogtg `iygkbgk, xistg nikfgoe cgxex `gfegk Dekgkhegl Ngs`it Y}ogti ugkb g`gk oecise`gk `i}gog netsg+ Oe xgn}ekb ety, ykty` nincise`gk `inyogagk oglgn tgse` tykge ogk tsgkxg`xe }iscgk`gk kjktykge, CKE fybg nikoese`gk xgty yket G_N !Gkfykbgk _ykge Ngkoese% oe G_N hiktis ]istgnekg _jris+
‣
]_ Cgk` Ngkoese !}isxisj% _c`+ tis`get }ikuilikbb }ikuilikbbgsggk gsggk sygkb Ngkoese Ihjkjneh Ogxacjgso, ykty` nincgkty }ingagngk ogse elny ugkb oeog}gt ngagxexrg oe `ilgx oikbgk nikbgkglexex dikjnikg i`jkjne ugkb tisfgoe oe oykeg kugtg, oe xgn}ekb xicgbge cgxex ogtg ykty` xtyoe `icefg`gk ogk djsihgxt `jkoexe i`jkjne ng`sj ogk xi`tjs `iygkbgk+
‣
]_ Cgk` Hiktsgl Gxeg !CHG% tis`get }ikuilikbbgsggk CHG Cgk`ekb Hjskis ugety ekxtsynik ugkb g`gk nikfgoe xiktsg xtyoe ogk }ikilegk nikbikge g`etgx g`etgx cgk` ynyn oglgn cikty`6 xiktsg sexe`j xi`tjs }iscgk`gk, xiktsg ioy`gxe }ikisg}gk _E oglgn }iscgk`gk, ogk xiktsg xenylgxe g`etgx }iscgk`gk+ Oeagsg}`gk oikbgk gogkug ciscgbge `isfg xgng cgsy tisxicyt
g`gk nikoy`ykb }ikbincgkbgk cis`ilgkfytgk }sjbsgn.}sjbsgn
DIC YBN xi}is }sjbsgn X7 Sibylis ogk Ektiskgxejkgl, Ngbextis Xgekx ogk Oj`tjs, Ngbextis G`yktgkxe ]ycle`, Ngbextis I`jkjne`g ]incgkbykgk, ogk Ngbextis Ngkgfinik+ Po}^
GLYNKE hJsKIs Ngkgbis Xglix Oeexejk, cgbegk ugkb nikbi}glge }ikfyglgk _jujtg oe xilysya Ekojkixeg+ Leng tgayk `inyoegk, xygne ogse Xilg Xglen eke oenektg nisgkb`g} ykty` ninibgkb fgcgtgk Bikisgl Ngkgbis Liqyx, nisi` }sineyn oe cgrga kgykbgk }isyxgaggk _jujtg ugkb cgsy oe}is`ikgl`gk `i Ekojkixeg+ @gseskug xing`ek hinislgkb oe }istikbgagk tgayk 3==5+ Fjou `incgle oenektg nikfgoe Haeid J}isgjk Jhis Gytj3===+ Cisfglgk xitgayk oe }jxexe tisxicyt, eg oegkb`gt xicgbge HIJ Gytj3=== xgn}ge xggt eke+ Fglgk nikyfy `gses ugkb hinislgkb tiscelgkb hy`y} }gkfgkb ogk
Fjofgkg Fjou sikoga Agte ogk _iyx Cilgfg
K
gng Fjofgkg Fjou nykb`ek og` gxekb lgbe oe oykeg jtjnjd Ekojkixeg+ Haeid Iqihyi Jhis Gytj3===, gkg` }isyxgaggk ]_ Gxtsg Ektiskgjkgl, _c`+ eke cisagxel nincgrg Gytj3=== nikfgoe oelis _jujtg tiscixgs oe oykeg+ Lylyx ogse DIC YBN tgayk 7557, }seg `ilgaesgk Fgnce ?8 tgayk ugkb lgly eke xin}gt nincgkty gxextikxe oe cicisg}g }isbysygk xrgxtg+ Bgbgl nikbe`y cicisg}g `gle }gkbbelgk tix `isfg, Fjou nikbesen`gk lgngsgk `i ]_ _jujtg _jujtg Gxtsg Njtjs ogk ninylge niny lge `gseskug oe }isyxgaggk }isyxg aggk tisxicyt }gog tgayk 7553+ Eg oetiseng oe xgty oi}gstinik cgsy, Xglix _sgekekb+ _s gekekb+ Eke nisy}g`gk tgktgkbgk tgktgkbgk cgbekug cgbekug ykty` og}gt nikhitg` xglixngk ub ninele`e }ikbitgaygk ogk `ingn}ygk ugkb cge`+ ]isyxgaggk }yk nikbesen`gkkug `i Fi}gkb ogk Xekbg}ysg+ Agxelkug, eg ogk n og}gt nikbisfg`gk njoyl.njoyl }ilgagk `ilgx oykeg oikbgk cge`+ _gayk 755?, guga oyg gkg` eke nikog}gt`gk cigxexrg ogse Gyxtsglegk Incgxxu ykty` nikbgncel NCG ]sjbsgn+ Xi`incglekug ngkgbis ogk oe Ekojkixeg tgayk 7554, eg oe}ishgug xicgbge tsgekekb ngkgbis ogk nisgkb`g} ngkgfis oe Hyxtjnis Xisehi Oi}gstnikt+ Xggt `sexex njkitis tgayk 7551, eg nikog}gt tgrgsgk cisbgcykb oe Hecgk` KG xicgbge ngkgfis oe Xglix ]lgkkekb Yket, Kgjkgl Oesiht Xglix+ Xitgayk `inyoegk, Fjou oe}sjnjxe`gk `i fikfgkb Gxxextgkt T] ykty` nikbysyx Xglix ]lgkkekb gko Xglix _issetjsu _issetjsu oe relguga Fg`gstg Ytgsg+ Oyg tgayk oe }iscgk`gk, Fjou nikog}gt tgrgsgk ykty` cisbgcykb cisbgcykb oe Gytj3===, Ngek Oiglis _jujtg, xicgbge Bikisgl Ngkgbis oe Cyxekixx Oiilj}nikt Oi}gstnikt+
}ikya }isfygkbgk+ _isekbgt oglgn cikg`kug `i`g eg nikbekfg``gk `g`e oe Ujbug`gstg tgayk 7512 ykty` nilgkfyt`gk `ylega oe DIC YBN !ciskgng DI YBN xggt ety.sio%+ Ujbug`gstg eg }elea xicgbge `jtg oixkgxe `ylega `gsikg cegug aeoy} licea nysga, xiogkb`gk }isncgkbgk ninelea ykeisxetgx licea `gsikg YBN nisy}g`gk ykeisxetgx tj} eogngkkug+ Dg`yltgx I`jkjne cy`gk nisy}g`gk }eleagk }istgngkug xggt yfegk ngxy`+ Agncgtgk }ikuixygegk oe grgl `ylega agsyx oeagog}ekug+ _is`gogkb, _is`gogkb, ygkb xg`y }yk og` hy`y} ykty` `icytyagk aeoy}kug+ Cisyktykb oe xinixtis leng, Fjou nikog}gt cigxexrg ogse Ugugxgk _jujtg Gxtsg Njtjs !ugugxgk }isyxgaggk oengkg g`aeskug eg cis`gses.sio%+ Xilgek ety, eg fybg ci`isfg xicgbge gxextik ojxik ykty` nikog}gt`gk ygkb tgncgagk+ Xggt ety eg nincise`gk gxextikxe oe YBN ogk cicisg}g ykeisxetgx xrgxtg oe Ujbug`gstg+ Eg tisekbgt ojxik.ojxik ugkb nincise`gk cgktygk ogk `ixin}gtgk `i}gogkug ykty` nikfgoe gxextik ojxik, gktgsg lgek ]sjd+ Ngsrgk Gxse, ]a+O+ ogk ]sjd+ Ioygsoyx _gkoilelek, ]a+O+ !xggt ety fybg ciskog` xicgbge ojxik }incencekb x`se}xe.sio%+ ]seg }ihektg airgk }egsggk eke cisxuy`ys `gsikg xinyg fisea }gugakug og}gt cisagxel ti}gt rg`ty+ “]ikbglgngk `ylega oe DIC YBN nikuikgkb`gk+ Xygxgkg `gn}yxkug xgkbgt nikoy`ykb cilgfgs, ojxik ogk tingk. tingk fybg xglekb nikoy`ykb xiaekbbg xinyg agncgtgk og}gt tisgtgxe,„ yhg}kug+ ]isfygkbgkkug oe grgl xinixtis og` xeg.xeg+ Eg cgagbeg g`aeskug lylyx oglgn in}gt tgayk oikbgk E]@ 8,1?+ @isfg `isgx ogk `ingygk ekbek cilgfgs tistgkgn xifg` eg ngxea
`ihel+ Gkg` `ioyg ogse leng cisxgyogsg eke nikbagcex`gk ngxg XO xgn}ge XNG oe @jtg Fgnce+ Xi}ylgkb xi`jlga, eg }gx oenektg nikfgbg tj`j `iljktjkb jlia `ioyg jsgkb tygkug+ @i`g nyxen oysegk, jsgkb tygkug xisekb nikbgfg`kug nincile oysegk ogk nikfyglkug oe }ekbbes fglgk oe xgn}ekb tj`jkug+ tj`jkug+ _is`gogkb, _is`gogkb, eg fybg oegfgs`gk cisfyglgk cisfyglgk jcgt `ilelekb `gn}ykb+ ]seg ugkb bings nily`ex xi`glebyx `jli`tjs ly`exgk eke ciscgbe `ykhe xy`xix oglgn xtyoe ogk `gses, “Xixijsgkb nix nikfgbg `iekbekgk ykty` tisyx cilgfgs+ cilgfgs+ Fgkbgk }iskga nisgxg hy`y} gtgy tgay g`gk xinyg agl xistg fgkbgk }iskga hi}gt }ygx oikbgk g}g ugkb tilga oehg}ge+ Ugkb tis}ikkb, xilgly sikoga ag ykty` nikiseng ngxy`gk,„ tgkogxkug+ Oeg }yk cisagsg} cgkug` }gog glngngtis tishektgkug, tishektgk ug, YBN ogk `ayxyxkug DIC+ “Lg`y`gk tisyx cikhangs`ekb, `ayxyxkug `ykfykbgk `i }isyxgaggk ykty` cilgfgs sigl hgxi xtyou+ Xi`gsgkb, oikbgk cgkug`kug }isyxgaggk ugkb bj }ycleh, }incilgfgsgk eke og}gt licea oenyoga`gk,„ encyakug+ encyakug+ Pa`^
Ngxea oe }isyxgaggk ugkb xgng }gog Dicsygse 3==3, eg oenektg
ykty` `incgle `i ]_ _jujtg Gxtsg Njtjs ykty` nikfgoe Bikisgl
38
KIRX DsJN GCsJGO
Xyugktj, XI, NCG
X`jtlgkoeg6 Ekoga Xi}gkfgkb _gayk
_
iseng `gxea `i}gog siog`tys IC Kirx gtgx `ixin}gtgk ugkb oecise`gk `i}gog xgug ykty` ciscgbe hisetg oe `jljn
Kirx dsjn Gcsjgo+ IC Kirx oe oyg ioexe xicilynkug, Ncg` Iku ogk Gfikb, xyoga nikbgktgs`gk hisetg tiktgkb Yketio
@ekbojn !Y@% ogk xgug }e`es cgkug` `inese}gk hisetg xiaekbbg og` }isly nikbylgkbe lgbe+ @ixgk i`xj` ogk bjtaeh gshaetihtysi , `ysgkb licea xi}is etylga bgncgsgk tiktgkb Y@+ Ogk `ayxyxkug Xhjtlgko, }ingkogkbgkkug hgk` xi}gkfgkb tgayk !Sengrgk, 3=7=%+ Agl eke cgkug` oexicgc`gk jlia gn}letyoj xyay ogse nyxen `i nyxen ugkb silgd og` i`xtsen, hysga ayfgk kbbe, xistg tj}jbsgkug ugkb tisoese ogse cy`et.cy`et oikbgk }gogkb syn}yt oe xi`ilelekb+ Xgug xi`gsgkb kbbgl oe Oykoii, X`jtlgkoeg, ugkb oe`gtg`gk xicgbge aigst jd Xhjtlgko `gsikg tislitg` oe tikbga xicgbge }ikbaycykb `jtg.`jtg oe X`jtlgkoeg+ @jtg eke fybg nin}ykuge hysga ayfgk ugkb silgd kbbe ogk nikuicgs xi}gkfgkb tgayk+ ]gog xggt gs`il eke oetylex, nyxen }gkgx xiogkb cislgkbxykb ogk cisti}gtgk oikbgk Cylgk Sgngogk+ ]ygxg oe nyxen }gkgx `ysgkb licea 3= fgn !xgays xi`etgs }y`yl 7+8= }gbe ogk cy`g }ygxg xi`etgs }y`yl 5+8= nglgn%+ Nix`e}yk oysgxekug }gkfgkb, }ygxg oe xeke og` cibety tisgxg cisgt `gsikg xyay oekbek, cis`exgs gktgsg 7=.71 oisgfgt Hilxeyx+
Agl lgek ugkb cisciog oikbgk Ekbbsex goglga6 glgn ugkb silgd ngxea tisfgbg ogk tisxioeg cgkug` vjkg aefgy+ Fglgk `i hjyktsuxeoi nisy}g`gk ghetgx ugkb nikuikgkb`gk oe xeke+ @etg cexg nileagt agn}gsgk aefgy }gogkb syn}yt ugkb lygx oikbgk !Xagyk ! Xagyk tai% xaii} ogk Xhjxa aebalgko hjr ugkb hjr ugkb xiogkb nisyn}yt ogk og` }iskga oe`gkogkb`gk+ Xykbge.xykbge nikbgles oikbgk fiskeakug ogk cicgx ogse xgn}ga0 agl ugkb fgsgkb `etg fyn}ge oe Ekojkixeg+ Xihgsg ynyn g`xik cgagxg Ekbbsex jsgkb Xhjxa silgd gbg` xylet oenikbis0 cytya }ikuixygegk cgbe ugkb `ysgkb tiscegxg oikbgk Csexa Ikblexa+ Agl ugkb yke` oe xeke goglga6 agn}es g} ogisga gtgy `jtg nin}ykuge g`xik tisxikoese ogk `gogkb cisciog fgya ogse xtgkogskug !xegsgk CCH.sio%+ Oe Oykoii, nexglkug+ G`xik jsgkb. jsgkb ugkb kbbgl oe `jtg ngxea cexg nyoga oenikbis, titg}e og` oine`egk oikbgk jsgkb.jsgkb oe hjyktsuxeoi hjyktsuxeoi ugkb ugkb `icgkug`gk jsgkb gxle Oykoii !Oykojkegkx !Oykojkegkx %+ %+ G`xik Oykoii `gogkb tisoikbgs xgkbgt cisciog oikbgk cgagxg Ekbbsex ynynkug+ Lilyhjk ugkb cisiogs fe`g `etg og` nikbis g}g ugkb nisi`g cehgsg`gk, xicge`kug cis`gtg ‑Ikblexa, }ligxi '―+ '―+
Nikbg}g Ninelea Ykeisxetu jd Oykoii: Xi`jlga oe Y@ nisy}g`gk tgktgkbgk tisxikoese cgbe xgug `gsikg
3?
tis`get oikbgk ngxglga `ixeg}gk, cge` ngtise ngy}yk niktgl+
Xicgbgengkg glgxgk kjsngd }gog ynynkug, cgkug` }isncgkbgk oglgn nikikty`gk }eleagk xi`jlga+ @i}ytyxgk g`aes xgug cisyfykb oe Ykeisxetu jd Oykoii `gsikg dg`tjs }incencekb, cegug, ogk `ilygsb `ilygsbg+ g+ Xgug nikbgncel }sjbsgn oj`tjsgl oe Xhajjl jd Cyxekixx+ Xtsgtg
bg oe Y@ }gog ynynkug cgkug` tisbgktykb gog og`kug xy}isexjs ugkb nincencekb }ikilegk ngagxexrg oe ceogkbkug ogk xig} ykeisxetgx cilyn tikty nin}ykuge ojxik ugkb gale oglgn ceogkb ugkb g`gk oetile, oglgn `gxyx xgug ug`ke }ikilegk oe ceogkb gyoekb+ ]gog xggt }ikhgsegk xi`jlga, xgug nikog}gt bg hgljk xy}isexjs xy}isexjs * }incencekb ogse ykeisxetgx ugkb cisciog+ Nin}isncgkb`gk sihjso hgljk }incencekb ceogkb ugkb cicisg}g dg`tjs xi}is tsgh` sihjso hgljk oeti`yke, cgkug`kug cgkug`kug }ycle`gxe hgljk }incencekb, ogk xgsgk ogse }gsg xikejs oe DIC YBN0 g`aeskug xgug nikfgtya`gk }eleagk oe Oykoii+ @icitylgk, extse fybg nikog}gt`gk }incencekb oe ykeisxetgx ugkb xgng+
Agncgtgk Ningkb cikgs `gtg }gsg xikejs ugkb tilga cisagxel nikuilixge`gk }sjbsgn oj`tjsglkug, cgarg agncgtgk ogse dg`tjs kjkg`goine`
xi}is `ilygsbg, hyghg, ogk xextin cgkug` nin}ikbgsyae xtyoe+ Eke }yk xgug sgxg`gk oe ngxg.ngxg grgl oe Oykoii+ Kgnyk, xgug cisxuy`ys xggt eke nylge tiscegxg oikbgk `igoggk xi}is ety+ Fyxt oj et+
Xhajjl jd Cyxekixx oe ykeisxetgx eke nisy}g`gk cgbegk ogse Hjllibi jd Gstx gko Xjhegl Xheikhix ogk nincgrgae oyg oi}gstinik6 Oi}gstnikt jd Ghhjykkb gko Dekgkhi ogk Oi}gstnikt jd Ihjkjnehx+ Ngagxexrg oj`tjsgl }sjbsgn oe Xhajjl jd Cyxekixx ugkb ngxtiskug cy`gk ogse Xhjxa ykeisxeix oergfec`gk nikbgncel 9 ngtg `ylega !njoyl% ogk }sjfiht }sjfiht }gog }gog tgayk }istgng+ Njoyl eke cegxgkug tisoese sixigsha nitajox, wygktgi sixigsha nitajox , ogk ngtg `ylega }eleagk+ Xiogkb`gk }sjfiht cegxgkug cisy}g }incygtgk ng`glga oe cgrga xy}isexe lgkbxykb ogse }incencekb+ Fe`g lylyx hjysxix tisxicyt, ngagxexrg nikog}gt`gk bilgs
Oe}ljng ek Sixigsha !Oe}Six% ogk xtgtyxkug cisycga ogse sixigsha xtyoikt nikfgoe ]a+O+ xtyoikt + Ni`gkexni eke oexicyt tsgkxdis jd jsoekgkhi+ ]gog xggt }ikylexgk gs`il eke, agxel yfegk cgsy xgfg oeynyn`gk ogk xgug cisxuy`ys oekugtg`gk lylyx }sjbsgn oe}ljng+ Xggt eke, xgug xiogkb nikykbby }sjxix tsgkxdis jd jsoekgkhi ykty` cisycga xtgtyx nikfgoe ]a+O+ Xilgek nikin}ya Oe}Six, sixigsha xtyoikt oe tgayk }istgng fybg agsyx nikbisyhyt`gk sikhgkg }ikilegkkug, tisngxy` `jkti`x }ikilegk+ Sikhgkg }ikilegk eke kgkkug agsyx oe}sixiktgxe`gk oe oi}gk _aixex Njketjsekb Hjnneii !_NH% ykty` oekelge g}g`ga lgug` ykty` oelgkfyt`gk xicgbge }ikilegk oe }sjbsgn ]a+O+ Xtyoe xgug g`gk }sixxysi ogk ogk }iselg`y gyoetjs ugkb nikile tiktgkb aycykbgk gktgsg }sixxysi cisen}le`gxe }gog nikysykkug `ygletgx gyoet, tisngxy` `ingn}ygk gyoetjs oglgn nikoiti`xe dsgyo !`ihysgkbgk% ugkb hikoisykb nikysyk ogse rg`ty `i rg`ty+ _is`get oikbgk dg`tjs cegug, nix`e}yk xggt eke Isj}g nikbglgne `sexex i`jkjne ugkb cisogn}g` kge`kug agsbg.agsbg `icytyagk ogk g`jnjogxe, ygkb ogse cigxexrg ngxea og}gt nikyty}e `ikge`gk
tisxicyt+ Agsbg xirg synga }yk ngxea silgd nysga oecgkoekb`gk oikbgk cicisg}g `jtg cixgs lgek oe Y@+ Xilgek ety, `ygletgx ges oe X`jtlgkoeg ngxea cgbyx ogk bsgx xiaekbbg `etg og` }isly nincgugs cell ykty` ges+ Xgty agl ugkb xgug xy`g, xguysgk oe xeke sgxgkug licea ngkex ogk licea hsykhau + Dg`tjs }ikoeoe`gk cgbe `ilygsbg !gkg`.gkg`% fybg nikfgoe
}isncgkbgk xgug+ Oe X`jtlgkoeg, }ikoeoe`gk bsgx ogse }sengsu xgn}ge xihjkogsu xhajjl+ Kysxisu oe xeke fybg bsgx ykty` gkg` yxeg 8.? tgayk+ _itg}e, ykty` gkg` oe cgrga 8 tgayk og` bsgx lgbe0 cegugkug cis`exgs 7=.3= BC]*fgn+ Agl eke }isly nikfgoe cgagk }isncgkbgk cgbe ngagxexrg ugkb nin}ykuge gkg` cgletg+
39
GsJYKO CYLG@XYNYs ninele`e 37 `gngs ogk oe`iljlg xihgsg tsgoexejkgl xiaekbbg tisxexea ogse }isxgekbgk yxgag+ @eke, YH oe`iljlg xihgsg }sjdixejkgl ogk tilga
ninele`e tjtgl 27 `gngs, likb`g} oikbgk xincelgk dgxeletgx ykty` `ibegtgk `jkikxe ogk sg}gt aekbbg ngn}y nikbg`jnjoekgxe tgny cy`gk agkug cisgxgl ogse YBN xingtg, nilgek`gk fybg oe lygs YBN cge` xihgsg bsy} ngy}yk ekoeeoy+ Cis`e}sga xilgng `ysgkb licea 8= tgayk oe ceogkb }isajtilgk, Seugktj tgay cityl cgbgengkg nikbiljlg gxit YBN ugkb
tilga lgng ng xyse eke+ Eg nikbykb`g}`gk, “]istgng, `etg cgkbyk oyly }sjoy`kug nylge ogse `gngs, XON, }ilgugkgk, ogk ng`gkgk+ @inyoegk cgbgengkg hgsg ningxgs`gkkug+„ YH og` xili`d oglgn nikbgncel xibnik }gxgs, xicexg nykb`ek YH ngn}y nilgugke }ilgkbbgk ugkb cisgki`g sgbgn+ “Nilgugke YBN goglga ytgng, tg}e xicgbge xicyga yket cexkex }sjdixejkgl `etg agsyx tisyx nikhgse xibnik lgek ykty` neq ngs`it+ Agl eke ykty` nikfgbg `ilgkbxykbgk fglgkkug yxgag,„ ykb`g} Seugktj+
Ykeixetu hlyc !Yh% Ajtil ]eleagk G`jnjogxe Ci`ygletgx oe @grgxgk YBN
Y
BN, xglga xgty ykeisxetgx tiscge` oe Ekojkixeg, xisekb`gle nikog}gt `ykfykbgk tgny oikbgk ciscgbge ysyxgk cge` ogse lekb`y} kgxejkgl ngy}yk ektiskgxejkgl+ @ykfykbgk tisxicyt og` fgsgkb cislgkbxykb licea ogse xgty agse xiaekbbg nytlg` oe}isly`gk lgugkgk g`jnjogxe xicgbge tin}gt xekbbga+ Nikfgrgc `icytyagk eke, Ykeisxetu Hlyc !YH% Ajtil agoes nikgrgs`gk g`jnjogxe cis`ygletgx ektiskgxejkgl oikbgk agsbg ugkb tisfgkb`gy+ _islitg` xtsgtibex oe fgktykb `gn}yx YBN, YH nisy}g`gk }eleagk ugkb ti}gt cgbe tgny ogk silgxe ykeisxetgx `ayxyxkug xistg `aglgug` sgnge ugkb xiogkb cis`ykfykb `i `jtg }ilgfgs+ Kgng Ykeisxetu Hlyc oebykg`gk ykty` nikbbgk nikbbgk`gk `gk kgng Rexng Bgofga Ngog ugkb xicilynkug tilga cisoese oe tin}gt ugkb xgng+ Agl ety tisfgoe }gog tgayk 3==? xitilga }ikbiljlggk rexng oexisga`gk `i ]_ Bgng Nyl ugkb `inyoegk nikykfy` Seugktj ]ytsg xicgbge ngkgfis }gog grgl tgayk 3==1+ Nilglye tgkbgk oekbek Seugktj, YH nikbglgne }is`incgkbgk
ugkb xgkbgt lygs cegxg+ Xicilynkug, Rexng Bgofga Ngog agkug
34
Xglga xgty tjlj` y`ys `ingfygk YH goglga cisfglgkkug sixisgxe ajtil ykty` bg cylgk `i oi}gk+ @eke, }ilgkbbgk nylge `agrgs og` nikog}gt`gk `gngs oe YH xiaekbbg nisi`g agsyx sixisgxe fgya.fgya agse xicilyn `iogtgkbgk+ YH cy`gk nikfgoe gltiskgd lgbe, titg}e xyoga nikfgoe }eleagk ytgng+ Agl eke, nikysyt Seugktj, nikykfy``gk cgarg ngkgfinik ajtil tilga cisfglgk oikbgk cge`+ @i oi}gkkug, YH oeagsg}`gk og}gt tisyx nikekb`gt`gk }ilgugkgk+ Seugktj nikibgx`gk, “YH oeoese`gk oikbgk tyfygk ytgng nincise`gk `i}ygxgk cgbe }gsg xtg`iajlois , ug`ke YBN xicgbge
}inele` gxit, Bgng Nyl xicgbge }ikbiljlg, xistg `gsugrgk ogk }gsg tgny xicgbge tylgkb }ykbbykb i`xextikxe ajtil+ Xicyga `icgkbbggk cixgs cgbe xgug oecise `i}ishguggk ykty` nikbiljlg ajtil eke+„ Psgangt^
LIh_YsIs―X Gs_EhLIX
Nikbikgl Licea Oi`gt _ije I`jkjne`g @ilincgbggk Cgy !Kir Ekxtetytejkgl Ihjkjnehx %& %& Jlia6 Reagkg @egkg Fgug
G
`aes.g`aes eke }isoicgtgk }ine`esgk i`jkjne ugkb
xing`ek nikekb`gt oikbgk nykhylkug ngxugsg`gt oykeg }ikhektg
ngekxtsign ogk ngekxtsign ogk kjk.ngekxtsign kjk.ngekxtsign `incgle `incgle nikgse`+ Xglga
tijse KEI KEI xi}is xi}is Ektiskgjkgl Xjheitu djs Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx
xgtykug goglga }isoicgtgk I`jkjne`g @ilincgbggk
!EXKEI% ogk Iysj}igk Xhajjl jk tai Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx !IXKEI %+ %+
Lgng !Jlo Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx gtgy JEI %, %, I`jkjne`g Kij @lgxe` !Kij Hlgxehgl Ihjkjnhex gtgy KHI % ogk I`jkjne`g @ilincgbggk Cgsy !Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx gtgy KEI %+ %+ ]isoicgtgk nykhyl xifg` }incisegk agoega kjcil i`jkjne `i}gog Sjkglo Hjgxi }gog tgayk 7557 oikbgk tylexgkkug ugkb cisfyoyl ‑_ai ‑ _ai Kgtysi jd _ai Desn ―
!7582% ogk ‑_ai ‑_ai ]sjclin Jd Xjhegl Hjxt ― !754=%, Ojyblgx H+ Kjsta }gog tgayk 7558 oikbgk exy.exy @ilincgbggk ogk @jnetnik ugkb @sioecil !Ekxtyjkx gko Hjnnetnikt Hsioeceletu %, %, xgn}ge oikbgk oegkybisga`gkkug agoega kjcil oe ceogkb i`jkjne`g tgayk 3==5, `i}gog Ilekjs Jxtsjn oglgn gkglexex I`jkjne`g _gtg @iljlg, tisytgng @i}ikkbgk Ynyn !Ihjkjneh !Ihjkjneh Bjiskgkhi, ix}ihegllu Hjnnjkx% ogk Jleis I+ Rellegnxjk oglgn gkglexex I`jkjne`g _gtg @iljlg tisytgng Cgtgxgk ]isyxgaggk !Ihjkjneh !Ihjkjneh Bjiskgkhi , ix}ihegllu Cjykogseix jd tai Desn %+ %+ _eog` og}gt oe}ykb`ese, ngtise.ngtise cgagk i`jkjne`g `ilincgbggk cgkug` oexgse`gk ogse ciscgbge fyskgl tis}elea xi}is6 Gnisehgk Ihjkjneh Sieir, Sieir, _ai Fjyskgl jd Ekxtyjkgl gko _aijsihgl Ihjkjnehx, Fjyskgl jd Ihjkjneh ]isx}ihix, Fjyskgl jd Ihjkjneh Letisgtysi, Letisgtys i, ogk _ai Fjyskgl jd Lgr gko Ihjkjnehx + ]is`incgkbgk KEI & Ngtie gte`il xihgg bgex cixg oegncel oge }eogtj }ikby`yagk Byy Cixg ]ikylex }gog tgkbbgl 3? Oixinci 3=7=+
_ijse JEI nisy}g`gk hgcgkb Elny I`jkjne ugkb og` ninele`e tijse ogxgs i`jkjne`g jstjoj`x, i`jkjne`g `lgxe` gtgy}yk kij`lgxe`+
Nisi`g nikiktgkb }ine`esgk kij`lgxe` `gsikg oegkbbg} og` ningxy``gk xexe.xexe ayngkexh oglgn }ikoi`gtgkkug !Agsex, it gl +, +, 7559 ogk Kjsta, 755=%+ Nisi`g nikbgtg`gk cgarg tijse JEI cy`gk lincgbg xihgsg xe` nilgek`gk }iselg`y i`jkjne ugkb oeojsjkb jlia }isncgkbgk ogk }isgxggk ugkb xihgsg ynyn cislg`y oglgn `igoggk ogk rg`ty tistikty+ tistikty+ Xiogkb`gk tijse KHI ngxea nikojnekgxe xicgbge xicgbge ngekxtsign ngekxtsign }ine`esgk i`jkjne i`jkjne ugkb ngxea niki`gk`gk `i}gog ni`gkexni }gxgs+ KHI KHI oecgkbyk oecgkbyk oikbgk }ikoi`gtgk tijse ogk cgkug` nikbbykg`gk nikbbykg`gk gxynxe.gxynxe+ Gxynxe Gxynxe tisxicyt gktgsg gktgsg lgek lgek gogkug ekdjsngxe ugkb xin}yskg !}isdiht ekdjsngjk% ugkb ekdjsngjk% ugkb oeog}gt`gk jlia }ilg`y i`jkjne ogk og` gogkug cegug tsgkxg`xe ! visj tsgkxghjk hjxt %+ %+ Gxynxe lgek ugkb oebykg`gk KHI goglga lekb`ykbgk ugkb `jn}id ugkb oeagog}e jlia }ilg`y i`jkjne, gtgy }isxgekbgk xgkbgt xin}yskg !}isdiht hjn}ijk %+ %+ KHI fybg nikbgkbbg} xig} }ilg`y nikbagog}e xetygxe ugkb xgng !xtgbkgk sgjkgl ciagejys % ogk nisi`g cicgx `ilygs ngxy` }gxgs !Dysycjtk gko Sehatis, Sehatis, 7558 ogk Kjsta, 755=%+
32
_ijse KEI KEI agoes agoes`gsikgngn}yninjoe`gxe,nikbincgkb`gk,ogk
lgr % nisy}g`gk bgncgsgk }ikkb+ ]gog liil eke cegxgkug oexicyt
nincy`g `jtg` aetgn !clgh` !clgh` cjq % ogse lingakug g}le`gxe }ikbbykggk
‑liil gtysgk ngek ag` ogk `irgfecgk― gtgy ‑liil nikyfy lekb`ykbgk `ilincgbggk i`jkjnexgxe jsois }istgng―+
tijse KHI oe oglgn ninihga`gk }isxjglgk }isxjglgk i`jkjne oglgn oykeg kugtg+ KEI nikbgncgs`gk gogkug `iog`xin}yskggk
ekdjsngxe ogk gogkug cegug tsgkxg`xe+ Xig} }ilg`y i`jkjne og` og}gt xihgsg cicgx `ilygs ngxy` oglgn }gxgs `gsikg og` xinyg }ilg`y ninele`e ekdjsngxe ugkb xgng+ Ekdjsngxe ugkb og` xin}yskg nikencyl`gk `jkxi`yikxe cegug tsgkxg`xe ! tsgkxghjk hjxt %+ %+ Xing`ek ekdjsngxe og` xin}yskg !gxunnitseh !gxunnitseh ekdjsngjk % xing`ek kbbe cegug tsgkxg`xe ugkb oe`ilygs`gk }ilg`y i`jkjne+ Oglgn }gkogkbgk KEI , }isly gogkug yxgag.yxgag ykty` ninekengl`gk cegug tsgkxg`xe+ Gog bg glgxgk ugkb nikogxgse }ikkbkug }isgk KEI + ]istgng, KEI nisy}g`gk xygty tijse ugkb nykhyl oikbgk `isgkb`g KHI , titg}e nikgrgs`gk fgrgcgk ykty` nikuin}yskg`gk ogk nikbincgkb`gk tijse tisxicyt+ @ioyg, KEI KEI }ikkb }ikkb oglgn `jkti`x `icefg`gk i`jkjne tgayk 5=.gk `gsikg KEI nikiktgkb ojnekgxe }isgk }gxgs jlia `gyn jstjoj`x KHI + @ibg, KEI }ikkb `gsikg nisy}g`gk tijse ugkb oecgkbyk oikbgk nikuixyge`gk }isycgagk `ilincgbggk oglgn `getgkkug `getgkku g ykty` nikekb`gt`gk }istyncyagk i`jkjne !Dysycjtk gko Sehatis, 7558 ogk Agssex, it gl +,7559%+ +,7559%+
Liil EEE niki`gk`gk niki`gk`gk
xtsy`tys tgtg tgtg `iljlg `iljlg ugkb niki`gk`gk
`jktsg` ogk cegug tsgkxg`xe ! tsgkxghjk hjxt ihjkjnehx %+ %+ Nix`e}yk
ag` nele` titg} }ikkb, dykbxe xextin ay`yn nikoikexe`gk ay`yn `jktsg` ogk }islekoykbgk `jktsg` `jktsg` og` cexg oegcge`gk+ ]gog liil eke, cegxgkug oexicyt liil cgbgengkg gtysgk ngek ag` ogk `irgfecgk oengek`gk gtgy ‑liil nikyfy xtsy`tys tgtg `iljlg i`jkjnexgxe jsois `ioyg―+ Liil ET niki`gk`gk ixeikxe xyncis ogug ogk xtsy`tys ekxikd ugkb nisy}g`gk `isgkb`g `isfg kij`lgxe`+ Gkglexex ngsfekgl oe`incgkb`gk oe ngkg oebgncgs`gk xicgbge dykbxe }sjoy`xe+ ]ikuixygegk agsbg ogk jyt}yt cisxedgt licea gtgy `ysgkb `jkky+ ]gog liil eke, cegxgkug oexicyt ‑liil nikyfy `jkoexe ngsfekgl ijkjnexgxe jsois `ibg―+ Njoil Rellegnxjk In}gt Liil Gkglexex Xjxegl oglgn xtsy`tys i`jkjne`g `ilincgbggk `ilincgbggk cgsy og}gt oeleagt xicgbge cise`yt6
]isoicgtgk `ibg tijse tisxicyt xing`ek nikgse` g}gcelg oeleagt ]isoicgtgk ogse }gsgoebng nitjojljbe }ikilegk ugkb oe}isbykg`gk !Hsixrill, 3==8, Ogslektjk ogk Xhj, 3==3, Ayxxiu ogk Ayxxiu, 7552%+ Xilgng xi}ylya tgayk nikbgng agxel.agxel }ikilegk `ib `ibg g tijse JEI, KHI , ogk KEI , }gsgoebng nitjojljbe }ikilegk tijse JEI licea hikoisykb dikjnjkjljbex ugkb oehese`gk oikbgk xgn}il `ihel, xtyoe `gxyx, ekoy`d, jcxisgxe lgkbxykb, `ygletgd, `ygletgd, ogk cistyfygk ekbek ninjoe`gxe tijse ogse}gog nikbyfe tijse+ Xiogkb }gsgoebng nitjojljbe }ikiletgkkug KHI hikoisykb }jxeex ugkb oehese`gk oikbgk xgn}il cixgs, oioy`d, `ygktgd, njoilekb , ogk cistyfygk ykty` nikbyfe ae}jtixex gtgy tix tijse+ Cisciog oikbgk JEI ogk KHI , }gsgoebng nitjojljbe }ikilegk xtsy`tyskug g licea cisxedgt cisxedgt djsngl ogk ekdjsngl ekdjsngl gtgy hikoisykb KEI xtsy`tysku hgn}ysgk gktgsg }jxeex ogk dikjnjkjljbex+ ]gsgoebng eke oehese`gk oikbgk }ikbbgcykbgk nitjojljbe `ygktgd ogk `ygletgd, nikbbykg`gk ogtg tsegkbbylgxe ogk cistyfygk ykty` ninjoe`gxe tijse+ ]gog tgayk 3===, Rellegnxjk tilga nin}is`ikgl`gk ijlyxe tijse KEI nilglye KEI nilglye in}gt liil gkglexex xjxegl xi}is oe Bgncgs 7+ Bgsex }gkga }ikya nikykfy``gk aycykbgk gktgsg ugkb licea kbbe ogk ugkb licea sikoga oe ngkg liil ugkb licea kbbe nikikty`gk `ikoglg }gog liil oe cgrgakug+ Bgsex }gkga }ytyx.}ytyx nikykfy``gk aycykbgk cis`icgle`gk cis`icgle`g k ugkb nikbaycykb`gk liil licea sikoga ogk liil licea kbbe+ Rellegnxjk !3===% nikfilgx`gk liil `ilincgbggk }glekb grgl goglga liil E, ugety tijse xjxegl !xjhegl taijsu % ugkb nisy}g`gk gtysgk ekdjsngl ugkb tilga nili`gt oglgn ngxugsg`gt, xi}is tsgoexe, gbgng, kjsng, gogt, ogk `jkikxe `itis`gkoykbgk gtgy nekoxit !inciooiokixx %+ %+ Gkglexex liil E xgkbgt oe}ikbgsyae jlia xifgsga i`jkjne`g ogk elny }ikbitgaygk xjxegl lgekkug+ ]gog liil eke, }isycgagk tisfgoe tisfgoe xgkbgt lgncgt, lgncgt, x}jktgk, ogk glgnega glgnega }gog aetykbgk gcgo xgn}ge nelikeyn+ Nikysyt Rellegnxjk, liil EE tis`get oikbgk lekb`ykbgk `ilincgbggk !ekxtyjkgl ikesjknikt% + Liil eke niki`gk`gk i`jkjne`g `i}inele`gk !ihjkjnehx !ihjkjnehx jd }sj}istu sebatx % ugkb tisoese ogse gtysgk ngek !ay`yn%, }jle` ogk cesj`sgxe ugkb nile}y dykbxe i`xi`yd, libexlgd, ay`yn, ngy}yk dykbxe cesj`sgxe }inisektgagk+ ! hjktsght Oikexe ag` nele` !}sj}istu sebatx% ogk ay`yn `jktsg` !hjktsght
31
Xyncis6 Rellegnxjk, 3===
Oglgn ng`glga eke, }ikylex nikhjcg nikbbykg`gk `iin}gt liil ogse njoil Rellegnxjk Rellegnxjk ykty` nikbgkglexe nikbgkglexexx jsbgkexgxe jsbgkexgxe }ycle` oe Ekojkixeg !Fgug, 3=7=%+ Cicisg}g `ixen}ylgk og}gt oefilgx`gk xicgbge cise`yt6 ]istgng, }gog jsbgkexgxe }ycle`, gtysgk ekdjsngl ugkb nisy}g`gk
tsgoexe, kjsng, gogt, gbgng, ogk `icegxggk cge` ugkb cisxedgt }sjoy`d ngy}yk og` }sjoy`d, cilyn `jn}gcil oglgn nikoy`ykb gtysgk djsngl+ Cyogug }senjsoeglexni, }gtsjk.`leik , sgfg.sgfg `ihel, }gkbsia }sgfg , ogk y}i goglga cyogug ekdjsngl ugkb nili`gt !incioiokixx % xicgbge nekoxit }iselg`y }ilg`y cesj`sgxe nikhe}tg`gk cegug kbbe+ Cyogug tsgkxg`xejkgl ngxea nikjkfjl+ ! }sj}istu sebatx % `irikgkbgk cilyn @ioyg, ag` `i}inele`gk !}sj}istu
j}ngl oglgn tgtgsgk tgtgsgk cesj`sgxe jsbgkexgx jsbgkexgxee }ycle` oe vgngk tsgkxexe }isycgagk }gsgoebng xiktsglexx nikyfy oixiktsglexx+ Xextin gtysgk `irikgkbgk !xuxtin !xuxtin jd sylix % ugkb ugkb }gog jsbgkexgxe }ycle` cilyn nincise`gk dykbxe ogk ag` ogk `irgfecgk ugkb filgx !lgh` ! lgh` %+ hlgsetu jd dykhjk %+
@ibg,, }iselg`y ugkb tiscgtgx !cjykoio sgjkglet @ibg sgjkgletu% u% ogk }iselg`y ugkb j}jstykex !j}}jystykexh ciagejys % nikuicgc`g nikuicgc`gk k aycykbgk aycykbgk
`jktsg` og` filgx oe jsbgkexgxe }ycle`, cisg`ecgt nikekb`gt` `jktsg` nikekb`gt`gk gk cegug tsgkxg`xe !tsgkxghjk hjxt ihjkjnehx %+ %+ @icefg`gk cesj`sgxe `jkky ogk oex`jkky tilga nikbbixis }jlg }ikuglgabykggk `i`ygxggk „gcyxi jd }jris „ jlia xibileks j`kyn oe lincgbg }ycle`+ @iin}gt, `jn}li`xetgx }isngxglgagk oe jsbgkexgxe }ycle`
xi}is `iog`filgxgk gtysgk `i}inele`gk `irikgkbgk !ekxtyjkgl !ekxtyjkgl %, ikesjknikt % ogk `iog`filgxgk tgtg `iljlg !ekxtyjkgl !ekxtyjkglbjiskgkhi %, xi}is `iog`filgxgk `jktsg`.`jktsg` aycykbgk `irikgkbgk, ogk `iog`filgxgk `iog`fil gxgk aycykbgk }sekhe}gl.gbikt nikbagxel`gk `iog`filgxg `iog`filgxgk k xtsy`tys ekxikd + Ogse oex`yxe oe gtgx og}gt oexen}yl`gk cgarg `jkxi} i`jkjne`g `ilincgbggk `ilincgbg gk cgsy og}gt oebykg`gk ykty` ningagne6 !7% `jn}li`xetgx }ikbiljlggk `icefg`gk jsbgkexgxe }ycle` ugkb cis`ilgkfytgk ogk xi`glebyx og}gt oefgoe`gk „yncsillg„ cgbe ngxglga ugkb tisfgoe oglgn `icefg`gk jsbgkexgxe }ycle` oe Ekojkixeg, !3% xextingxgxe gtysgk.gtysgk ugkb nikugkb`yt }isxjglgk `irikgkbgk, jsbgkexgxe, }ikgtgyxgaggk, xyncis ogug ngkyxeg, `iygkbgk, aycykbgk aeisgs`e, }ikbgrgxgk, xistg }sjxioys }isikhgkggk ogk gonekextsgxe gonekextsgxe++
OGD_GS ]YX_G@G
Hjgxi, S+A+, 7558+ “Hjgxi jk ]jxkis jk Hjgxi„+ Fjyskgl jd Ekxtyjkgl gko _aijsihgl Ihjkjnehx Ihjkjnehx 7?5, 7?5, }}+ 54.51+ Hsixrill, F+R+, 3==8+ Sixigsha Oixebk Wygletgi, Wygktgi, gko Neqio Nitajox G}}sjghaix + Yketio Xtgti jd Gnisehg6 Xgbi ]yclehgjkx, Ekh+ Ogslektjk, E gko Xhj, O+, 3==3+ Wygletgi Sixigsha ek ]sghhi Xtjseix dsjn tai Deilo + Hsjrx Kixt6 Gllik $ Ykrek+ Dysjcjtk, I+B+ gko Sehatis, S+, 7551+ Ekxtyjkx gko Ihjkjnehx
_aijsu, tai Hjktsecyjk jd tai Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx+ Nehaebgk6 tai Ykeisxetu jd Nehaebgk ]sixx+ Agsex, Fjak, it gl+, 7559+ “Ektsjoyhjk6 Oiilj}nikt gko Xebkehgkhi jd KEI„ oglgn Fjak Agssex, it gl+, _ai Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx gko _aeso Rjslo Oiilj}nikt + Ljkojk gko Kir Ujs`6 Sjytliobi+ Fgug, Reagkg @+, 3=7=+ ]eogtj ]ikby`yagk Bysy Cixgs, Bgofga Ngog ]sixx+ Kjsta, O+H+, 755=+ Ekxtyjkx6 Ekxtyjkgl Hagkbi gko Ihjkjneh ]isdjsngkhi + Hgncseobi6 ]sixx Xukoehgti jd tai Ykeisxetu jd Hgncseobi+ Kjsta, O+H+, 7558+ “Ekxtyjkx gko Hsioeceletu Hjnnetnikt„+ Fjyskgl jd Ekxtyjkgl gko _aijsihgl Ihjkjnehx 7?5677.38+ Ihjkjnehx 7?5677.38+
Rellegnxjk, Jleis I+, 3===+ „_ai Kir Ekxtyjkgl Ihjkjnehx6 _g`ekb Xtjh`, Ljj`ekb Gaigo„+ Fjyskgl F jyskgl jd Ihjkjnehx Letisgtysi 81!8%6959.478+
35
X_YOIK_―X hJsKIs
Nincyy ]ity`ggk ]ilgfg glg Dexg “ Fgkbgk cisaik cisnen}e,„ `gtg Gkosig Aesgtg oe titsgljbe Lgx`gs ]ilgkbe+ Cibety fybg oikbgk Dexg !G`yktgkxe 3==1%, ugkb tg` }iskga cisaik cisnen}e ogk cisyxgag, aekbbg g`aeskug nen}e.nen}ekug tisryfyo+ Gkkexg Dexg`ekga Kysxitugytgne, ugkb g`sgc oexg}g Dexg, goglga
xglga xgty }ixistg }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs Isgxnyx Nykoyx Ghjk EE !LJ_YX% }gog xinixtis bikg} 3=73*3=78 lgly+ ]isty`gsgk }ilgfgs eke goglga }sjbsgn `ioyg ugkb eg e`y xitilga GYK.GH_X Iqhagkbi ]sjbsgn oe _agelgko }gog tgayk 3=77+ Dexg oe`ikgl xicgbge ngagxexre ugkb hisogx, xy}il, ogk g`d cisjsbgkexgxe+ Jlia `gsikg ety, cgkug` ugkb cisgkbbg}gk nyoga cgbekug ykty` nikog}gt`gk `it }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs+ “Jsgkb nikbesg g`y lgkbxykb oetiseng, tg}e xicikgskug cis`gle.`gle nikhjcg cgsy oetiseng,„ tgkogxkug+ Ug, fglgk Dexg ykty` nikog}gt`gk oyg }sjbsgn oe gtgx og`lga nylyx+ Xicilyn ljljx xili`xe }sjbsgn }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs `i _agelgko, eg tilga cicisg}g `gle ‑}gtga ag― `gsikg og` oetiseng cicisg}g xili`xe iqhagkbi }sjbsgn + Kgnyk `ibgbglgk og` nincygt Dexg }ytyx gxg+ Eg fyxtsy nikog}gt`gk cgkug` }ilgfgsgk, xi}is cgbgengkg nincygt njgjk liis ugkb cge` ogk ykty` }sjg`d nikgkug`gk gog og`kug }ikgrgsgk }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs+ Xitilga sgfek nikbgfy`gk g}le`gxe, g`aeskug eg oekugtg`gk
oetiseng GYK.GH_X Iqhagkbi ]sjbsgn oe _agelgko }gog cylgk Fyle 3=77+ ]isty`gsgk }ilgfgs xilgng oyg nekbby eke cisdj`yx }gog tj}e` nikbikgl GXIGK licea oi`gt+ Xilixge nikbe`y }sjbsgn eke, Dexg cilyn cis}ygx oese+ Eg `incgle nikbe`y xili`xe }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs ogk g`aeskug oetiseng oe }sjbsgn LJ_YX+ Xilgng ikgn cylgk ngxg }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs ety, eg cis`ylega oe Ykeisxetu jd @ikt, Ekbbsex+ Cgbe Dexg, nikbe`y }isty`gsgk }ilgfgs nincise`gkkug cgkug` ngkdggt+ Ngkdggt }glekb ytgng goglga `icisagxelgkk `icisagxelgkkug ug nin}islygx `jki`xe oikbgk ninele`e `grgk ogse ciscgbge kibgsg+ Xilgek ety, rgrgxgkkug fybg xing`ek nilygx, nylge ogse }isi`jkjnegk GXIGK
aekbbg Yke Isj}g+ ]isty`gsgk }ilgfgs fybg nin}islgkhgs `ingn}ygk ciscgagxg Ekbbsexkug ogk nikgncga cgagxg _gbgljb xicgbge }ikbitgaygk ugkb oe`ygxge+ @i`g cisgog oe Ykeisxetu jd @ikt, eg
8=
nikbe`y oicgti hjnnyketu ogk Isgxnyx Nykoyx Hjnnyketu+ G`etgx i`xtsg`yse`ylis eke nincgktykug nikekb`gt`gk `ingn}ygk oicgt ugkb tilga oe`ygxgekug xifg` XNG+ _e}x ykty` ]sjbsgn ]isty`gsgk ]ilgfgs Nikysyt Dexg, gbgs oetiseng oglgn xygty iqhagkbi }sjbsgn , xixijsgkb agsyx cikgs.cikgs ninele`e tyfygk+ “Cikgs.cikgs agsyx gog glgxgk ykty` iqhagkbi , fgkbgk hyng `gsikg ekbek fglgk.fglgk,„ ty`gxkug+ @inyoegk, glgxgk tisxicyt oetygkb`gk oglgn njgjk
liis ugkb fybg oexixyge`gk oikbgk tyfygk }incise cigxexrg+ Hjktjakug, `i`g nikylex njgjk liis ykty` LJ_YX, Dexg nikbykb`g}`gk nikbykb`g}`g k `iekbekgkk `iekbekgkkug ug ninelea Ekbbsex xicgbge kibgsg tyfygk+ “Ekbbsex oe`ikgl cgbyx xextin }inisektgagkkug ogk Ykeisxetu jd @ikt goglga ykeisxetgx ugkb cgbyx oe ceogkb xi`tjs }ycle`+„ @iekbekgkkug @iekbekgkkug eke oeoy`ykb nekgtkug ugkb xgkbgt cixgs tisagog} xi`tjs }ycle`+ Xilgek ety, bgoex ugkb }iskga kbbgl oe Gyxtsgleg eke nikytys`gk, agsyx xisekb nikbihi` gog og`kug }ikgrgsgk cigxexrg, cge` `i Jhi jd Ektiskgjkgl Ggesx oe `gn}yx, gtgy}yk nioeg lgekkug+ Xiesekb oikbgk ety, “Xilgly xeg} xioeg xibglg }isxugsgtgk }isxugsgtgk ugkb cegxgkug oecytya`gk, fgoe kbbgl oggs xgfg,„ ty`gxkug+ Lgly, g}gcelg xyoga oetiseng ogk cisgkb`gt `i kibise xicisgkb, Dexg nikugsgk`gk ykty` cgkug` cisbgyl oikbgk tingk ogse kibgsg. kibgsg lgek ogk cisxe`g} j}ik nekoio + “Agsyx `ilygs ogse vjkg kugngk+ Cygt g}g e`yt iqhagkbi `glgy `etg cisbgyl oikbgk jsgkb.
jsgkb ogse kibgsg gtgy syn}yk ugkb xgng:„ }g}gskug+ Dexg }yk nikbykb`g}`gk }x ytgng ykty` nikog}gt`gk cigxexrg, ugety tisyx ninexyglexgxe `iekbekgk `etg ogk }gktgkb nikuisga+ Nilglye iqhagkbi }sjbsgn , cgkug` }ylg nen}e.nen}e }secgoekug ‟xi}is cistgkogkb `i kibgsg tin}gt Agkx Hasexgk Gkoisxik }iskga kbbgl, `gdi tin}gt F@ Sjrlekb nikylex Agssu ]jis, aekbbg nikbykfykbe Ioikxjs ugkb oetygkb`gk Gkosig Aesgtg oglgn kjilkug‟ cexg tishg}ge+ “Fgkbgk cisaik cisnen}e+ _itg} cisnen}e ogk cylgt`gk ti`go, tisyx cisyxgag, ng`g xygty `i`g nen}e ety g`gk tisryfyo,„„ }ixgk Dexg+ P]seng^ tisryfyo,
GOTIs_JsEGL
Gofikboeg Cykbg Cgkbxg Nikfgrgc _gktgkbgk ]jbgn Ngbgkb oe ]iyxgaggk Nyltekgxejkgl “Ngbgkb xilgng ikgn cylgk `ingsek tjtgllu rjstaio,„ fgrgckug fgrgckug sikuga xggt oeaycykbe lirgt ektiseir fgsg` fgya jlia _en IC Kirx+
G
ofikb ‘cibety ngagxexrg Ektiskgjkgl Ykoisbsgoygti ]sjbsgn !EY]% 3==1 eke oexg}g‘ cisagxel nincygt ngagxexrg.ngagxexrg lgek ekbek nikbe`y fifg` xisy}g+ ]gxglkug, oeg nikog}gt`gk `ixin}gtgk ngbgkb oe }isyxgaggk nylkgxejkgl tiskgng, _seyn}a Ektiskgjkgl, oe Fisngk+ Oikbgk xingkbgt }gktgkb nikuisga, oeg nikoggs }sjbsgn ngbgkb `i cicisg}g }isyxgaggk xicilyn g`aeskug cisagxel nikuexea`gk xi`egk cgkug` }ixgekb ykty` nikfgoe ektisk ektisk oe oe }isyxgaggk }incygt rjnik―x ykoisrigs, lekbisei , ogk xrenrigs xrenrigs eke+ eke+ _g` tgkbbykb.tgkbbykb, ikgn cylgk oeagcex`gkkug xicgbge gkbbjtg n Ayngk Sixjyshi Ngs`ikb oe _seyn}a Hjs}jsgti Hjn}itikhi Hiktis ‘ugkb nisy}g`gk }yxgt `jkxyltgxe _i`kjljbe Ekdjsngxe oe }isyxgaggk tisxicyt+ @ixin}gtgk cge` ykty` ngbgkb oe _seyn}a Ektiskgjkgl ogtgkb xggt oeg nikbe`y ojycli oibsii oe ]djsvaien Ykeisxetu+ Xilgek `gsikg oergfec`gk jlia ykeisxetgx oe xgkg, oilibgxe 2ta Ihjkjneq GXIGK Hjkdisikhi eke nikbg`y oeg ningkb agyx g`gk }ikbglgngk cgsy xi}is tisfyk lgkbxykb `i oykeg `isfg lirgt }sjbsgn ngbgkb+ Oe xgkg, g} ektisk oecise`gk }sjui` ekoeeoy x}ixe` oikbgk gsgagk xijsgkb xy}isexjs+ Xggt etylga Gofikb nisgxg`gk tgktgkbgk oykeg `isfg ugkb xicikgskug6 og` tgay agsyx ninylge ogse ngkg ogk g}g xgfg ugkb }isly oelg`y`gk ykty` nikuilixge`gk }sjui` ugkb oecise`gk+ G}glgbe oeg nin}ilgfgse xextin XG] xihgsg lgkbxykb ugkb nikfgoe }ikbglgngk cgsy+ “Ciog cgkbit xgng `ylega' _eog` xinyg elny ugkb oeog}gt oe oykeg }is`ylegagk nincgkty,„ yfgskug nikgkbbg}e+
Nikysyt bgoex ugkb }iskga ninikgkb`gk `jn}ixe }eogtj cgagxg Fi}gkb eke, }ikbglgngk ngbgkb nincise`gk ciscgbge ngkdggt ogse xibe }ikbincgkbgk ligoisxae} x`ell , gktgsg lgek }sjdixejkgletgx, tgkbbykb fgrgc, ogk g`yktgceletgx+ “Six}jkxeceletu “ Six}jkxeceletu oetykfy``gk oikbgk ti}gt rg`tykug `etg xycnet si}jst , og` cjlia kilgt ,„ ,„ tisgkbkug+ Xilgek ligoisxae} x`ell , }ikbglgngk ngbgkb nincisekug }incilgfgsgk ykty` nikbg}le`gxe`gk }ikbitgaygk
ugkb oenele`e oglgn }sg`` lgkbxykb ogk }ikuyxykgk }sejsetgx `isfg+ _seyn}a _seyn }a fybg nincise`gkku nincise`gkkug g }ikbglgngk nikbikge j}ik jhi ogk cyogug }isyxgaggk ugkb og` cesj`sgx, nexglkug oeg cexg nincygt fgkfe niikb oikbgk ngkgfis gtgy}yk xy}isexjs agkug nilglye xextin xhaioylekb xhaioylekb ugkb ugkb gog+ Gofikb nikbg`y cisxuy`ys nikoggs oe EY] DIC YBN xiaekbbg nikog}gt `ixin}gtg `ixin}gtgk k ojycli oibsii ogk oibsii ogk ngbgkb oe Fisngk+ Xilgek
nincy`g `ixin}gtgk cixgs tisxicyt, EY] ngn}y nikbincgkb`g nikbincgkb`gk k `ingn}ygkkug ykty` cisektisg`xe ogk cis`jnyke`gxe oikbgk ciscgbge jsgkb ngkhgkibgsg+ Ngagxexre ugkb nikbgncel fysyxgk Ektiskgjkgl Ngs`ikb oe ]djsvaien Ykeisxetu eke cis}ixgk }gog ngagxexrg ugkb ekbek nikbgncel }sjbsgn ojycli oibsii gtgy}yk ngbgkb oe Fisngk ykty` xibisg cilgfgs cgagxg Fisngk+ “_gktgkbgk tiscixgs oglgn nikbgfy`gk g}le`gxe ngbgkb goglga cgagxg Fisngk+ Cgkug` }isyxgaggk oe xgkg ugkb }sidis nikbgncel ektisk ektisk ugkb ugkb cexg cgagxg Fisngk,„ yfgskug+ POre Gkoe^
87
IQhAGKBI X_YOIK_X― hJNNIK_X
_ekg Rglti _aiixi Ogkeilxik !Iqagkbi Xtyoikt ‘ ]djvaien !Iqagkbi Xtyoikt ‘ Ykeixetu Ykeixetu Bingku% jd Gboi Kjrgu%
“E ajjxi YBN, cigyxi E glrgux rexaio tj x}iko xjni teni ek Gxeg, ix}iegllu ek Ekojkixeg gx et ex g iu iqetekb jyktu Gko YBN agx bjjo i}ytgtejk E igllu le`i gko ikfju ciekb aii'„
“Cu bjekb tj Ekojkixeg E bjt tj tgil tj tai jtai xeoi jd tai }lgkit raii E agi tai j}}jtyketu tj bit tj `kjr g oeddiikt yltyi, ilebejk gko lgkbygbi _ai xtyoiktx gt DIC YBN gi iu deikolu gko ail}dyl' Ed E gn gt xajjl gko ljj` jkdyxio cu raii tj deko nu lgxx, tai tjelit j tai jn}yti lgc, taii ex glrgux xtyoiktx j xtgdd tagt ex ag}}u tj bei oeitejk DIC agx kei dgeleteix gko taii ex glxj g ljt bjekb jk gt taex dgyltu, xya gx6 dytxgl tjykgnikt !ijkjlun}ex%, yltygl iikt gko jkitx E glxj le`i tai gditieg cigyxi taiu agi igllu bjjo xjtj gugn'„
saii Fekrjj !Iqagkbi Xtyoikt . @uykb Aii Ykeixetu, @jig% J}}jtyketeix' _aex ex ragt E ago ek YBN Ed ujy agi }gxxejk gko }joytei }lgkx, ujy gk oj ragtii ujy rgkt tj oj fyxt le`i ni E oeo xj ngku taekbx @jigk hlyc, @jigk ogux, xycg oeekb reta YKE_ XILGN YBN gko g aje' Bikijyx xtgddx gko }jdixxjx }jeoio }j}i ikejknikt dj ni Gko tai cixt xtyoiktx raj lji Ekojkixegk yltyix gko tai }igidyl rjlo jn}gkeio reta nu rj` E gn xyi gll jd ektikgtejkgl xtyoiktx ikfju taex rjkoidyl agki tj oj xjnitaekb bigt E igllu g}}iegti gll jd nu ngagxexrg xgkbgt ngkex gko }ij}li raj E nit taii
83
G`teetgx Ngagxexrg ogk Ojxik _gayk ‑1=.gk
DIC EK ]Eh_YsIX
Ngagxexrg Gkb`gtgk _gayk 751= oe @gle @ykekb
Ngagxexrg Gkb`gtgk _gayk 751= oe Cglgeykb
Ojxik YBN }ixitg `yxyx XIL_Y tgayk 7515, cicig}g oegktggkug6 I`j Xyrgoe, Gkbbetj Gcengkuy, Xe Agkogy Uylegte, _jku ]gxitugktjkj ogk Ekog Refgug @yxyng
88
8?
YKE_ KIRX
]ikgkogtgkbgkgk Kjtg @ixi}gagngk Gktgg DIC YBN oikbgk OF]Y @inik`iy
D
g`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog !DIC YBN% ogk Oesi`tjsgt Fikoisgl ]ikbiljlggk Ytgkb @iniktisegk @iygkbgk !OF]Y @inik`iy% Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg tilga nikgkogtgkbgke Kjtg @ixi}gagngk Cisxgng tiktgkb “]incgkbykgk @g}gxetgx DIC YBN oglgn ]ikbiljlggk Ytgkb ogk Xysgt Cisagsbg Kibgsg„ oe Gyoetjseyn Bioykb ]istgnekg _jris DIC YBN Lgktge 4 !39*4%+ ]eag` DIC YBN oerg`ele jlia ]sjd+ Os+ Ngsrgk Gxse, ]a+O+ xilg`y Oi`gk DIC YBN xiogkb`gk }eag` OF]Y @inik`iy oerg`ele jlia Os+ Sgangt Rglyugktj, NCG+ xilg`y Oesi`tys OF]Y @inik`iy+ @isfg xgng ugkb oexi}g`g oglgn kjtg `isfg xgng tisxicyt nile}y6
7+ @isfg xgng }ikbincgkbgk `g}gxetgx Xyncis Ogug Ngkyxeg !XON% tiktgkb }ikbiljlggk ytgkb kibgsg nilglye djsyn oex`yxe, `ylega ynyn, xistg }ikbincgkbgk `yse`ylyn }is`ylegagk tis`get oikbgk
3+ Nikojsjkb g`etgx }ikilegk elnega ngy}yk sexit tiktgkb }ikbiljlggk ytgkb kibgsg xistg }ikuioeggk ogtg }ycle` xihgsg sibylgs, 8+ @isfg xgng oglgn y}gug }ikbincgkbgk }gxgs Xysgt Cisagsbg
Kibgsg !XCK% Ojnix`+ Xicgbge cgbegk ogse `isfgxgng tisxicyt, OF]Y nikbbgkoikb cicisg}g netsg ykty` nikuioeg`gk ogkg aecga cgbe }ikilegk x`se}xe ngagxexrg tis`get exy }ikbiljlggk ytgkb kibgsg ngy}yk }gxgs XCK oe Ekojkixeg+ Oeagsg}`gk oikbgk gogkug ogkg aecga }ikilegk x`se}xe ugkb nikhg}ge in}gt fytg sy}ega }is ngagxexrg tisxicyt g`gk nilgaes`gk }ine`esgk ogk eoi cgsy xicgbge tjkbbg` }is`incgkbgk }isi`jkjnegk oe Ekojkixeg+ Ekdjsngxe xilgkfytkug nikbikge }sjxioys }isjliagk ogkg tisxicyt g`gk oeynyn`gk jlia ngxekb.ngxekb fysyxgk oe DIC YBN+
}ikbiljlggk ytgkb ogk tj}e` ugkb siligk,
YBN sixigha Rii` $ Ekkjgtejk Iq}j 3=73
]
gnisgk Agxel ]ikilegk Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog !YBN% 3=73 oelg`xgkg`gk oglgn sgkb`gegk `ibegtgk “YBN Sixigsha Rii` $ Ekkjgjk Iq}j 3=73„ ugkb oenylge }gog tgkbbgl 31 Fyke aekbbg 75 Fyle 3=73+ Sgkb`gegk `ibegtgk tisxicyt tisoese ogse J}ik Lihtysi, Rjs`xaj}, J}ik Hgn}yx , xistg ]gnisgk Agxel ]ikilegk ogk ]sjoy` Yxgag Ne`sj @ihel Nikikbga !YN@N% cekggk YBN+ @ibegtgk tisxicyt oeagsg}`gk ngn}y nincikty` tsgkxdis ekdjsngxe, xiaekbbg nikojsjkb lgaeskug }ikilegk.}ikilegk cgsy ugkb ngn}y nikfgrgc }isngxglgagk cgkbxg ogk kibgsg+ Xilgek agl tisxicyt, `ibegtgk YBN Sixigsha Rii` $ Ekkjgjk Iq}j 3=73 nikfgoe xglga xgty ekoe`gtjs `ingfygk oekgne`g `ielnygk oe lekb`ykbgk `gn}yx YBN+ _ing `ibegtgk tgayk 3=73 goglga “]ingkdggtgk ]jtikxe Cgkbxg ykty` Nikuilixge`gk ]isngxglgagk Cisxgng„, ting tisxicyt oebgbgx jlia Lincgbg ]ikilegk ogk ]ikbgcoegk `i}gog Ngxugsg`gt !L]]N% YBN xicgbge ]gkeg }ilg`xgkg `ibegtgk oe gtgx+ Cistin}gt oe Bioykb Bsag Xgcag ]sgngkg YBN, ]gnisgk Agxel ]ikilegk YBN 3=73 cislgkbxykb }gog 72.37 Fyle 3=73+ _isog}gt xioe`etkug 99 }ixistg ugkb cis}gsxe}gxe oglgn `ibegtgk ugkb oecy`g ogk oesixne`gk jlia Niktise ]incisoguggk Ogisga _iskbbgl Si}ycle` Ekojkixeg Cg}g` Ailnu Dgexagl Vgeke }gog 72 Fyle 3=73+ ]ixistg og` agkug cisgxgl ogse }isrg`elgk Dg`yltgx ogk yket.yket tis`get oe lekb`ykbgk YBN, titg}e fybg }yxgt xtyoe ogk cicisg}g YN@N cekggk YBN+ Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex !DIC% YBN tysyt g`d cis}gsxe}gxe
oglgn `ibegtgk tisxicyt oikbgk nikbyxykb ting “J}nglexgxe Sexit ]jtikxe Cgkbxg Nikyfy ]incisoguggk I`jkjne„+ _eog` xi}is Dg`yltgxx ugkb lgek, tgayk eke DIC YBN cgkug` nikgn}el`gk `ibegtgk Dg`yltg ugkb ninele`e `jktsecyxe cgbe }inihgagk }isngxglgagk cgkbxg xi}is0 Oexxinekgxe Agxel ]ikilegk, ]g}gsgk Resgyxgag Nyog xistg @ibegtgk Ljncg Xenylgxe _sgkxg`xe Xgagn xicgbge gltiskgd `ibegtgk }incisoguggk }incisogug gk i`jkjne oe ngxg ogtgkb+ Oexinekgxe agxel }ikilegk }gsg }ikile oe ]3IC DIC YBN oetgn}el`gk xihgsg lgkbxykb jlia }ikile ngy}yk gxextik }ikile ugkb nyn}yke oe ceogkbkug+ Xioe`etkug 355 }ikbykfykb }gnisgk tysyt nikug`xe`gk oexinekgxe agxel }ikilegk xistg }g}gsgk Resgyxgag Nyog ugkb oelg`xgkg`gk xig} agse }gog fgn.fgn ugkb tilga oefgorgl`gk+ Ngujsetgx }ikbykfykb }gnisgk cgkug` tistgse` oikbgk `ibegtgk Ljncg Xenylgxe _sgkxg`xe Xgagn `gsikg tisbeys oikbgk agoega fytggk sy}ega ugkb oexioeg`gk jlia ]3IC DIC YBN+ Kgnyk oe lygs oybggk, }inikgkb ljncg ugkb tisoese ogse 7= jsgkb oikbgk }isekb`gt tiskbbe og` cislgtgs cilg`gkb ceogkb Elny I`jkjne ngy}yk Cexkex titg}e cisgxgl ogse ceogkb elny lgek xi}is Ngting`g ogk Elny ]ikbitgaygk Glgn !NE]G%, Xjxegl ]jle`, xistg _i`ke`+ Ogse dg`tg tisxicyt og}gt oexen}yl`gk cgarg `ibegtgk }incisoguggk i`jkjne og` nytlg` oe`ygxge jlia }gsg }incilgfgs i`jkjne, titg}e og}gt }ylg oe}ilgfgse jlia }gsg }incilgfgs elny lgek gxgl sgfek ogk ti`yk+ ]gnisgk Agxel ]ikilegk YBN 3=73 oetyty} }gog agse Xgcty, 37 Fyle 3=73 jlia ]sjd+ Os+ Xysgtngk+, NXh+ Rg`el Si`tjs Ceogkb ]ikilegk ogk ]ikbgcoegk `i}gog Ngxugsg`gt YBN+
89
YKE_ KIRX
]jbgn Y}bgoekb heetgx G`goine` ogk ]g`texe 3=73
]
ikilegk ogk ]ilgagk I`jkjne`g $ Cexkex, Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog !]3IC DIC YBN% nisy}g`gk lincgbg }ikilegk ogk }ilgagk ugkb ciskgykb oe cgrga DIC YBN xistg cis`jnetnik kbbe oglgn nikuilikbbgsg`gk }ikilegk ogk }ilgagk ykbbyl+ Xixyge oikbgk nexekug, ]3IC DIC YBN cis}isgk g`d oglgn ninytg`aes`gk xextin }incilgfgsgk ugkb oe}isly`gk ykty` nikbincgkb`gk rgrgxgk cis}e`es xeetgx g`goine`g+ Xilgek ety, DIC YBN xicgbge }incekg }ikbincgkbgk ngtg `ylega ugkb cis`ygletgx oe Ekojkixeg ninele`e }isgk }ikkb ykty` nilg`y`gk sihagsbekb nitjojljbe ogk glgt }ikilegk cgbe }gsg ojxik Fysyxgk G`yktgkxe, Elny I`jkjne, ogk Ngkgfinik xilysya ykeisxetgx oe Ekojkixeg+ Ogse lgtgs cilg`gkb tisxicyt, ]3IC DIC YBN nincy`g ]sjbsgn G`goine` Ykbbylgk 3=73 oglgn sgkb`g Y}bsgoekb Nitjojljbe ogk Glgt ]ikilegk I`jkjnitse`g _isg}gk, Ngkgfinik ]jstjdjlej, ogk G}le`gxe Ciagejysgl Ihjkjnehx ykty` }ikuyxykgk `icefg`gk ciscgxex Xtyoikt Hiktisio Ligskekb+
Ciagejygl Ijkjnex ykty` ]ikuyxykgk @icefg`gk Ciagejysgl Ihjkjnehx goglga hgcgkb Elny I`jkjne ugkb nin}ilgfgse }iselg`y }ilg`y i`jkjne oikbgk hgsg jcxisgxe lgkbxykb cge` oe lgcjsgtjseyn ngy}yk oe lg}gkbgk+ ]ilgagk eke cistyfygk ninci`gle }ixistg ykty` ngn}y nilg`y`gk }ikilegk ciscgxex i`x}isenik ogk nikbbykg`gk ciscgbge agxel gkglexex ciagejysgl ihjkjnehx ykty` }isynyxgk `icefg`gk+ ]ilgagk eke oelg`xgkg`gk }gog 3 xgn}ge ? Fyle 3=73 oikbgk ngtise6 Gkjngle @icefg`gk I`jkjne oe Ekojkixeg ogk ]ikbgktgs ]is`incgkbgk Ciagejysgl Ihjkjnehx, Oixgek Sexit Nitjog I`x}isenik, Tgleoetgx Ektiskgl6 @jn}li`xetgx ogk Gkxe}gxe, Tgleoetgx I`xtiskgl6 @jktsjisxe ogk Ngkgfinik, Nitjog ]ikby`ysgk, ]sjxioys Ngke}ylgxe6 ]ikbbykggk Oixi}xe ogk Gx}i` I`g, Ngkgfinik Xycui` I`x}isenik, Deilo Iq}isenikt ugkb tisoese ogse6 ]ikbgncelgk @i}ytyxgk Cisexe`j, ]ikby`ys ]sidisikxe Ngxugsg`gt !]gesrexi Hjn}gsexjk%, @jjsoekgxe !Bgni _aijsu%, ogk Cyogug Cis`jjsoekgxe Cis`jjsoekgxe Ijlyjkgsu !Bgni _aijsu%+
Ngkgfinik ]jtjdjlej Y}bsgoekb ngtg `ylega Ngkgfinik ]jstjdjlej cistyfygk nincise`gk ci`gl `i}gog g`goinexe ugkb nin}ykuge nekgt oe ceogkb ekixtgxe oe xi`ysetgx+ Y}bsgoekb eke cistyfygk nincise`gk ci`gl cgagk }incilgfgsgk ceogkb ekixtgxe, }ikilegk ceogkb ekixtgxe ogk `iygkbgk, `iygkbg k, ogk cgagk lgek ykty` nikekb`gt`g nikekb`gt`gk k siligkxe }incilgfgsgk ngkgfinik ekixtgxe xi`ysetgx+ @ibegtgk eke oelgkbxykb`gk }gog 9 xgn}ge 2 Fyle 3=73 oikbgk ngtise0 Sexe`j ogk Sitysk, _ijse ]jstjdjlej, Ixeikxe ]gxgs, Exy.exy ]ikilegk Ceogkb @iygkbgk, Ogtgcgxi Ceogkb @iygkbgk, Gkglexex Dykogniktgl, Ngkgfinik ogk Ekixtgxe, ogk Xenylgxe ]isogbgkbgk Xgagn+
84
I`jkjnite`g _ig}gk I`jkjnitse`g _isg}gk oeoixgek ykty` nincise`gk fglys ugkb
filgx ykty` nikfgoe nikfgoe i`jkjn ugkb }sjdixejkgl+ }sjdixejkgl+ ]ilgagk ]ilgagk eke cistyfygk cistyfygk nikuioeg`gk }ikbitgaygk i`jkjnitse`g ogk `itisgn}elgk g}le`gxe !nitjojljbe ogk ti`kjljbe% oglgn aycykbgk gktgsgsegcil i`jkjne ogk }ikisg}gkkug }gog xtyoe i`jkjne+ ]ixistg }ilgagk og` agkug cilgfgs synyx, tg}e fybg cilgfgs cgbgengkg nikbg}le`gxe`gk nitjoi. nitjoi i`jkjnitse`g ykty` xtyoe in}esex xistg djsihgxkb gsegcil. gsegcil i`jkjne+ ]ilgagk tisoese tisoese ogse tytjsegl ogk `ylega ogk tytjsegl+ @ibegtgk eke oelg`xgkg`gk }gog 5 xgn}ge 77 Fyle 3=73 oikbgk ngtise6 Djsihgxkb Xtsyhtysgl _eni Xiseix Njoil, GS, NG, GSNG, GSENG, GSHA $ BGSHA, @jektibsgxe, Gkglexex Ogtg ]gkil, Njoil Ogtg ]gkil, Njoil Desxt Oeisikhi, Deqio Iihtx $ Sgkojn Iihtx, Agyxngk _ixt, ogk Gxextikxe X_G X_G_G+ _G+
DGhELE_EIX
Bige Nihagkoexi DIC YBN6
IC Xtji
E
kbek nikbaegx `ikogsggk oikbgk xh`is DIC YBN: Ekbek ning`ge fg`it ciskygkxg ciskygkxg DIC YBN: Gtgy Gtgy ekbek ogxe ilibgk ilibgk oikbgk lgncgkb lgncgkb DIC YBN: Xeetgx g`goine`g DIC YBN tg` }isly si}jt ykty` nincygt xikoese nishagkoexi nishagkoexi `agx `agx DIC YBN eke gtgy nikhgse.hgse `i cgkug` tj`j `gsikg DIC YBN tilga nikoese`gk IC Xtjsi' IC Xtjsi nisy}g`gk yket cexkex DIC YBN ugkb `ayxyx nikuioeg`gk ciscgbge nishagkoexi nishagkoexi oikbgk oikbgk hese `agx DIC+ @eke, IC Xtjsi xing`ek nyoga oe`ykfykbe `gsikg lj`gxekug ugkb cisgog oe lgktge ogxgs
]istgnekg _jris+ G}gcelg `etg nilirg }ekty ngxy` dg`yltgx, `etg g`gk nikinye IC Xtjsi cisgog }isxex oe xicilga `ese, xicyga tj`j ‑neke― oe cgrga tgkbbg bioykb ]istgnekg _jris+ Fgkbgk xykb`gk ykty` ngxy`, xicgc oe xgkg `etg g`gk oexgncyt oikbgk sgnga jlia }sgnykegbg ugkb xeg} xioeg nilgugke `icytyagk `etg+ IC Xtjsi nikuioeg`gk cisgbgn nishagkoexi ugkb cexg oecile xi}is xh`is, nyb, tynclis, }guykb, bgktykbgk `ykhe, }jlj xaest, fg`it, xaest, fg`it, aekbbg ogxe+ Oecy`gkug tj`j IC Xtjsi oe ]istgnekg _jris nisy}g`gk xglga xgty }ingkdggtgk sygkbgk oe e`jk DIC YBN eke+ Nix`e oine`egk, tyfygk ytgngkug goglga ykty` nin}isnyoga xeetgx g`goine`g xistg }ikbykfykb ogse `gn}yx*xi`jlga lgek ugkb ekbek nincile nishagkoexi ogse nishagkoexi ogse DIC YBN+ Xggt eke ningkb cilyn cgkug` ugkb nikbitgaye fe`g IC Xtjsi nincy`g bisge oe ]istgnekg _jris+ Sikhgkgkug, bisge IC Xtjsi eke g`gk oe}ycle`gxe`gk xiesekb oikbgk }ikbynyngk }inikgkb ljncg oixgek nishagkoexi nishagkoexi IC IC Xtjsi+ Kga, g}gcelg Gkog cisnekgt ykty` nincile nishagkoexi `agx
DIC YBN, tykbby g}glgbe: Ngse `ykfykbe IC Xtjsi' P}seng^
] i n i x g k g k j k l e k i x e l g a ` g k ` l e ` 6 r r r+ d i c + y b n + g h + e o *i c x t j s i
82
Ikg` Cgkbit'6 Nike`ngte @j}e oe _rek Dlgni
G
og ugkb cgsy oe ]istgnekg _jris DIC YBN+ Ug, xelg`gk kge` le ogk lgkbxykb nikyfy lgktge oilg}gk+ Cibety `ilygs ogse le, lgkbxykb tisheyn gsjng `j}e kgk agsyn oeesekbe xgncytgk ogse cgsextg.cgsextg hgk`+ Xilgngt ogtgkb oe Ikg` Cgkbit Hgdå'
fgkbgk `agrgs `agrgs,, xicgc Ikg` Cgkbit' fybg nikuioeg`g nikuioeg`gk k nekyngk ciscgxex hj`ilgt+ Oetgncga lgbe, gog cicisg}g niky ng`gkgk `ihel ugkb cexg nikogn}ekbe nikuisy}yt `j}e gtgy hj`ilgt+
Ikg` Cgkbit gtgy cexg oexekb`gt nikfgoe IC' agoes oe lgktge
Cgkbit' nikuioeg`gk ng`gkgk ogk nekyngk cis`ilgx sgfg kgnyk
oilg}gk, ykty` nikingke xeetgx g`goine`g DIC ugkb ekbek cisoex`yxe, sg}gt, nikbisfg`gk tybgx, gtgy xi`gogs cisxgktge xincgse nike`ng }ingkogkbgk `jtg Fjbfg+ Ikg` Cgkbit' eke tilga oecy`g xifg` Xilgxg !8*2% ogk ykty` xiniktgsg cexg oeke`ng xifg` }y`yl =5+8= aekbbg 79+== REC+ Kgkkug, `i`g tgayk }ilgfgsgk cgsy oenylge, Ikg` Cgkbit' g`gk cy`g ogse }y`yl =5+8= aekbbg 71+== REC+
oikbgk agsbg ngagxexrg+ Fgkbgk `agrgs `gktjkb cjljkb, `gsikg ykty` xibilgx gsegk `j}e gtgy hj`ilgt, `etg agkug g`gk nisjbja `jhi` gktgsg S}5+===,== aekbbg ng`xenyn S}79+===,==+ Ng`gkgk `ihel xi}is hsjexxgkt ogk }y }yk agsbgkug oe cgrga S}7=+===,==+
Oe xeke, `etg g`gk oexybyae cisgbgn niky ciscgxex `j}e, nylge ogse ugkb ynyn `etg tinye oe `gdi lgek oe Fjbfg, aekbbg `sigxe `j}e `agx Ikg` Cgkbit' oikbgk hetg sgxg ugkb yke`+ Fe`g Gkog tg` xy`g `j}e,
81
Nix`e litg`kug oe bioykb }glekb nikgrgk oe cylg`xynys, fgkbgk tg`yt ykty` cis`ykfykb `gsikg nikbesg agsbgkug ngagl+ Ikg`
Fgoe, fe`g Gkog ekbek nike`ng }ingkogkbgk `jtg Fjbfg ogk li`y`.li`y` }ibykykbgk Nikjsia ogk Lgry xistg Bykykb Nisg}e ogse `ifgyagk, gtgy nilg`y`gk g`etgx lgek cisxgng tingk, tykbby g}glgbe: Ngse `ykfykbe Ikg` Cgkbit'' P]seng^
Y]hJNEKB ITIK_
Gbikog @ibegtgk Oeix Kgtglex DIC YBN `i.92 Sgkb`gegk Ghgsg Oeix Kgtglex DIC YBN `i.92 7+
2+
_gkbbgl 6 74 Xi}tincis 3=73
Xinekgs Hgll djs Lihtysix gko Sixigsha ]sixiktgjk
@iukjti X}iiha6 Nik`j @ixsg Os+ A+S+ Gbykb Lg`xjkj&
1+
Xgsgxiagk GGHXC
5+
Jlga Sgbg
7=+
Xgsgxiagk
77+
@gn}ykb Resgyxgag
73+
_yn}ikbgk
_gkbbgl 6 75 Xi}tincis 3=73
_gkbbgl 6 7? .79 Xi}tincis 3=73 4+
]gbilgsgk @itaj}sg` Ojxik ogk @gsugrgk _gkbbgl 6 75 Xi}tincis 3=73
_gkbbgl 6 2 Xi}tincis 3=73 9+
Rgugkb @ylet
_gkbbgl 6 71 Xi}tincis 3=73&
_gkbbgl 6 32 Gbyxtyx ‘ 2 Xi}tincis 3=73 ?+
Cg` Xjxegl _gkbbgl 6 7 ogk 1 Xi}tincis 3=73
_gkbbgl 6 77 Xi}tincis 3=73 8+
Vegsga ogk Gkfgkbxgkg
_gkbbgl 6 &
_gkbbgl 6 77 Xi}tincis 3=73 3+
Dyk Ogu
Nyxe` @sigd !Ore`e Ogsngrgk $ Illj% _gkbbgl 6 79 Xi}tincis 3=73
&% oglgn `jksngxe
CISE_G OY@G Xibikg} heetgx ghgoinehg Dg`yltgx I`jkjne`g ogk Cexkex Ykeisxetgx Bgofga Ngog !DIC YBN% nikbyhg}`gk cilgxykb`grg gtgx cis}ylgkbkug6
Xicgxtegk Nylli Ngagxexrg ]isty`gsgk Xinixtis EE 3=77*3=73 ogse Ggkx Ykeisxetu, Cilgkog Nikekbbgl }gog tgkbbgl6 8 Fyke 3=73 oe SX+ Xgsofetj Ujbug`gstg Ujbug`gstg Xinjbg glngsayn oecise`gk tin}gt tiscge` oe xexeKug
s Xgku Xektug A], X_] Xtgd Cgbegk G`goine` ]sjbsgn X7 DIC YBN Nikekbbgl }gog tgkbbgl6 35 Fyke 3=73 oe SX+ Xgsofetj Ujbug`gstg Ujbug`gstg Xinjbg glngsaynga oecise`gk tin}gt tiscge` oe xexeKug
_yyk sgangktj Xtgd Cgbegk Ynyn ]sjbsgn NN DIC YBN Nikekbbgl }gog tgkbbgl6 3 Fyle 3=73 oe @glgxgk, Ujbug`gstg Ujbug`gstg Xinjbg glngsayn oecise`gk tin}gt tiscge` oe xexeKug
85
