STATCON STATCON 2015 1
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Caltex v. Palomar Palomar RCBC v. v. IAC 213 213 SCRA 830 830 RCBC v. v. IAC 320 320 SCRA 279 279 Ch!a Ba!"!# Ba!"!# Cor$ Cor$ v. v. Orte#a
%ACTS Petitio Petitioner ner:: China China Banking Banking Corp., Corp., Tan Kim Liong Respo espond nden ent: t: Hon. Hon. Wence encesl slao ao Orte Ortega ga,, Presiding Presiding !dge o" the Co!rt o" #irst $nstance o" %anila 1&'( 1&'(:: )ice )icent nte e *ca+ *ca+an an led led a comp compla lain intt against against de"endan de"endants ts -Ba!tista -Ba!tista Logging Logging Co., $nc, B B #orest /e0elopment Corporation and %ariano Ba!tista "or the collection o" a s!m o" mone2 The trial co!rt declared the de"endants in de"a de"a!l !ltt "or "or "ail "ail!r !re e to ans3 ans3er er 3ith 3ithin in the the regl reglem emen enta tar2 r2 peri period od,, and and rend render ered ed its its decision To To satis"2 the 4!dgment, *ca+an so!ght the garnishment o" the +ank deposit o" B B #orest /e0elopment Corporation 3ith China Bank Ho3e0er, Tan Kim Liong, the +ank5s cashier, disallo3ed the same in0oking the pro0isions o" Rep!+li ep!+lic c *ct *ct 1678, 1678, 3hich 3hich prohi prohi+it +it the disclo dis clos!r s!re e o" an2 in"orm in"ormati ation on relat relati0e i0e to +ank deposits 1&9: Tan Kim Liong 3as ordered to in"orm
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the the Co!r Co!rtt i" there there is a depo deposi sitt +2 B B #orest #orest /e0elopme /e0elopment nt in China China Bank, and i" there there is, to hold hold the same intact intact and not allo3 an2 3ithdra3al !ntil "!rther order "rom the Co!rt Tan Tan Kim Liong mo0ed to reconsider reconsider +!t 3as t!rned do3n $n the same order he 3as directed to compl2 3ith the order o" the Co!rt, other3ise his arrest and connement 3ill +e ordered Resisting the orders, China Bank and Tan Kim Liong instit!ted the petition Petitioners arg!e that the disclos!re o" the in"ormation re;!ired +2 the Co!rt does not "all 3ithi thin an2 o" the 6 e
pon 3ritten 3ritten permissi permission on o" the depositor depositor . $n cases cases o" impea impeachme chment nt ?. >pon >pon orde orderr o" a comp compet eten entt co!r co!rtt in cases cases o" +ri+er2 +ri+er2 or derelict dereliction ion o" d!t2 o" p!+lic o@cials 6. $n cases cases 3her 3here e the mone2 mone2 deposit deposited ed or in0e in0est sted ed is the the s!+4 s!+4ec ectt matt matter er o" the the litigation $" the ;!estioned orders are complied 3ith, Tan Tan Kim Liong ma2 +e +e criminall2 lia+le !nder !nder =ec 8 and the +ank 3o!ld +e e
/e0elopment Corporation, cannot +e s!+4ect to garnishment to satis"2 a nal 4!dgment against it in 0ie3 o" the a"orementioned pro0isions o" la3 ISS&'S Whether or not a +anking instit!tion ma2 0alidl2 re"!se to compl2 3ith a co!rt process garnishing the +ank deposit o" a 4!dgment de+tor, +2 in0oking the pro0isions o" Rep!+lic *ct 1678 (')* NO o #rom the disc!ssion o" the con"erence committee report o" the ho!ses o" Congress that the prohi+ition against e
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5. Chave+ v. ,-/al Bar Co-!/l %ACTS Petitioner: #rancisco Cha0eA Respondents: !dicial Bar Co!ncil, =en. sc!dero, Rep. T!pas, r. $n 1&&6, instead o" ha0ing onl2 9 mem+ers, an (th mem+er 3as added to the BC as representati0es "rom Congress +egan sitting in the BC one "rom the Ho!se o" Representati0es and one "rom the =enate, 3ith each ha0ing oneDhal" -1E o" a 0ote
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The BC n Banc, in separate meetings held in 777 and 771, decided to allo3 the representati0es "rom the =enate and the Ho!se o" Representati0es one "!ll 0ote each *t present, =enator #rancis oseph F. sc!dero and Congressman Giel C. T!pas, r. -respondents sim!ltaneo!sl2 sit in the BC as representati0es o" the legislat!re. $t is this practice that petitioner has ;!estioned in this petition Respondents arg!ed that the cr!< o" the contro0ers2 is the phrase a representati0e o" Congress.I $t is their theor2 that the t3o ho!ses, the =enate and the Ho!se o" Representati0es, are permanent and mandator2 components o" Congress,I s!ch that the a+sence o" either di0ests the term o" its s!+stanti0e meaning as e
Respondents "!rther arg!e that petitioner has no real interestI in ;!estioning the constit!tionalit2 o" the BC5s c!rrent composition. The respondents also ;!estion petitioner5s +elated ling o" the petition ISS&' Whether or not the c!rrent practice o" the BC to per"orm its "!nctions 3ith ( mem+ers, o" 3hom are mem+ers o" Congress, r!ns co!nter to the letter and spirit o" the 1&(9 Constit!tion (')* 'S. The 3ord CongressI !sed in *rticle )$$$, =ection (-1 o" the Constit!tion is !sed in its generic sense. Go partic!lar all!sion 3hatsoe0er is made on 3hether the =enate or the Ho!se o" Representati0es is +eing re"erred to, +!t that, in either case, onl2 a sing!lar representati0e ma2 +e allo3ed to sit in the BC. The se0enDmem+er composition o" the BC ser0es a practical p!rpose, that is, to pro0ide a sol!tion sho!ld there +e a stalemate in 0oting. $t is e0ident that the denition o" CongressI as a +icameral +od2 re"ers to its primar2 "!nction in go0ernment to legislate. $n the passage o" la3s, the Constit!tion is e
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Congress5 nonDlegislati0e po3ers. *n interD pla2 +et3een the t3o ho!ses is necessar2 in the realiAation o" these po3ers ca!sing a 0i0id dichotom2 that the Co!rt cannot simpl2 disco!nt. This, ho3e0er, cannot +e said in the case o" BC representation +eca!se no liaison +et3een the t3o ho!ses ender the doctrine o" operati0e "acts, actions pre0io!s to the declaration o" !nconstit!tionalit2 are legall2 recogniAed. The2 are not n!llied.
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. Re#alao v. a$ %ACTS •
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7. ata-e!a v. Cerva!te %ACTS
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$n 1&8', herein appellant5s +rother #eli< %ata+!ena donated a piece o" lot to his common la3 spo!se, herein appellee Petronila Cer0antes This 3as e
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The lo3er co!rt o" =orsogon declared that the donation 3as 0alid inasm!ch as it 3as made at the time 3hen #eli< and Petronila 3ere not 2et spo!ses, rendering *rticle 1?? o" the Ci0il Code inapplica+le o *rticle 1??: 0er2 donation +et3een the spo!ses d!ring the marriage shall +e 0oid ISS&'S WEG the +an on donation +et3een spo!ses d!ring a marriage applies to a common la3 marriage (')* 'S. $t is a "!ndamental principle in stat!tor2 constr!ction that 3hat is 3ithin the spirit o" the la3 is as m!ch a part o" the la3 as 3hat is 3ritten. =ince the reason "or the +an on donations +et3een spo!ses d!ring the marriage is to pre0ent the possi+ilit2 o" !nd!e in!ence and improper press!re +eing e
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+2 marriage Cerva!te a #ra!te 6 o the !terta!/e a! the $etto!er the other hal
8. *e Catro v. ,-/al a! Bar Co-!/l %ACTS The comp!lsor2 retirement o" Chie" !stice Re2nato =. P!no +2 %a2 19, 717 occ!rs 4!st da2s a"ter the coming presidential elections on %a2 17, 717. These cases trace their genesis to the contro0ers2 that has arisen "rom the "orthcoming comp!lsor2 retirement o" Chie" !stice P!no on %a2 19, 717, or se0en da2s a"ter the presidential election. >nder =ection 6-1, in relation to =ection &, *rticle )$$$, that 0acanc2 shall +e lled 3ithin ninet2 da2s "rom the occ!rrence thereo"I "rom a list o" at least three nominees prepared +2 the !dicial and Bar Co!ncil "or e0er2 0acanc2.I *lso considering that =ection 18, *rticle )$$ -
717, !nanimo!sl2 agreed to start the process o" lling !p the position o" Chie" !stice. Con"orma+l2 3ith its e
ens!re its independence "rom political 0icissit!desI and its ins!lation "rom political press!res,I s!ch as stringent ;!alications "or the positions, the esta+lishment o" the BC, the specied period 3ithin 3hich the President shall appoint a =!preme Co!rt !stice. * part o" the ;!estion to +e re0ie3ed +2 the Co!rt is 3hether the BC properl2 initiated the process, there +eing an insistence "rom some o" the oppositorsDinter0enors that the BC co!ld onl2 do so once the 0acanc2 has occ!rred -that is, a"ter %a2 19, 717. *nother part is, o" co!rse, 3hether the BC ma2 res!me its process !ntil the short list is prepared, in 0ie3 o" the pro0ision o" =ection 6-1, *rticle )$$$, 3hich !n;!aliedl2 re;!ires the President to appoint one "rom the short list to ll the 0acanc2 in the =!preme Co!rt -+e it the Chie" !stice or an *ssociate !stice 3ithin &7 da2s "rom the occ!rrence o" the 0acanc2. ISS&'S WEG the inc!m+ent President can appoint the s!ccessor o" Chie" !stice P!no !pon his retirement (')* 'S o Prohi+ition !nder =ection 18, *rticle )$$ does not appl2 to appointments to ll a 0acanc2 in the =!preme Co!rt or
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to other appointments to the !diciar2. T3o constit!tional pro0isions are seemingl2 in conict. 1. =ection 18, *rticle )$$ -
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co!ld not ha0e ignored the metic!lo!s ordering o" the pro0isions. The2 3o!ld ha0e easil2 and s!rel2 3ritten the prohi+ition made e
conte
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to ha0e garnered a grand total o" 966,'96 0otes >sing all rele0ant "orm!las, the motion asserted that C$B*C 3as clearl2 entitled to a second seat and Lokin to a proclamation The CO%LC resol0ed the matter declaring the 0alidit2 o" the 3ithdra3al o" the nominations Cinchona C. Cr!ADFonAales 3as s3orn in +eing the second nominee ISS&'S WEG the CO%LC can iss!e $RRs that pro0ide a gro!nd "or the s!+stit!tion o" a part2Dlist nominee not 3ritten in R* 9&61, also kno3n as the Part2DList =2stem *ct (')* NO. o The o *s a general r!le, the Legislat!re cannot s!rrender or a+dicate its legislati0e po3er, "or doing so 3ill +e !nconstit!tional. *ltho!gh the po3er to make la3s cannot +e delegated +2 the Legislat!re to an2 other a!thorit2, a po3er that is not legislati0e in character ma2 +e delegated o The o The $RRs the CO%LC iss!es "or that p!rpose sho!ld al3a2s accord 3ith the la3 to +e implemented, and sho!ld •
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not o0erride, s!pplant, or modi"2 the la3. $t is +asic that the $RRs sho!ld remain consistent 3ith the la3 the2 intend to carr2 o!t. $ndeed, administrati0e $RRs adopted +2 a partic!lar department o" the Fo0ernment !nder legislati0e
a!thorit2 m!st +e in harmon2 3ith the pro0isions o" the la3, and sho!ld +e "or the sole p!rpose o" carr2ing the la35s general pro0isions into eJect. The la3 itsel" cannot +e e
