Gps Observation Asgmnt Repot

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FACULTY ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS BACHELOR IN GEOMATIC SCIENCE AND SURVEYING AP 220

____________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ___________________________ _______ ADVANCED GEODESY SUG 616

ASSIGNMENTS

Prepare !"# MUHAMMAD SHADIQ BIN RAHMAN 2014210298

 AP2205D

Prepare $%r#  Assoc. Prof. Sr. Dr. KAMALUDDIN KAMALUDDIN HJ. TALIB TALIB

GPS OBSERVATION

Thr !r s"r!# $ch%&'(s $h!$ !r co))o%#* (s+ for ,PS o-sr"!$&o%      

S$!$&c /!s$ S$!$&c R!&+ S$!$&c K&%)!$&c Ps(+o3&%)!$&c Ps(+o3s$!$&c R!# T&) K&%)!$&c D&ffr%$&!# ,PS D,PS

S$!$&c Mo+

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R'(&rs h&h !cc(r!c*. 6!ch rc&"r !$ !ch o&%$ #os +!$! co%$&%(o(s#* for ! r3#!%%+ #%$h of $&).  Acc(r!c* c) $o )). S$!$&c o-sr"!$&o% )or $h!% 1 ho(r. Pos$ rocss&%. Th +(r!$&o% of +!$! co##c$&o% +%+s o% ! D&s$!%c -$7% rc&"rs - R'(&r+ rc&s&o% c S!$##&$ "&s&-# + Rc&"rs &% s&%# or +(!# fr'(%c* /or h&hr !cc(r!c* for $h -!s#&% co##c$ +!$! &% ! #o%r r&o+ of $&). o##c$&o% of +!$! (s&% $7o or )or rc&"rs &s c!##+ sss&o% 7h&# $h s#o #&%

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-$7% $7o !%$%%!s &s c!##+ -!s#&%. h% $h -!s#&% -$7% ! %o7% o&%$ !%+ ! %7 o&%$ &s )!s(r+: $h %7

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o&%$ #!$r c!% - (s+ !s ! %o7% o&%$ for o$hr -!s#&%s. To &%cr!s $h !cc(r!c*: &%cr!s $h %()-r of r+(%+!%$ )!s(r)%$s. I$ &s $o

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+$r)&% $h coor+&%!$s of (%%o7% o&%$s !%+ $o chc for -#(%+rs. I% ! %$7or of ,PS -!s#&%s: -#(%+rs c!% - +$c$+ -* chc&% $h c#os(rs of 

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#oos for)+ -* co%%c$&%: &%+%+%$ -!s#&%s. I% ! s&%# sss&o% (s&% )or $h!% $7o rc&"rs: $hr !r -o$h &%+%+%$ %o%3

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$r&"&!# !%+ +%+%$ $r&"&!# -!s#&%s.

/!s$ S$!$&c Mo+ •

Th )$ho+ for +(!# fr'(%c* rc&"rs. /&#+ r'(&r)%$s !%+ roc+(r for f!s$

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s$!$&c !r s!) 7&$h s$!$&c ;c$ for $h shor$ sss&o% #%$hs. S(&$!-# for #o7 or+r co%$ro# s(r"* s(ch !s ro(%+ co%$ro# for ho$or!))$r&c

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)!&%.  Acc(r!c* c%$&)$rs #"#. /!s$ S$!$&c o-sr"!$&o% 10 )&%($s $o <0 )&%($s

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Pos$ Procss&%

K&%)!$&c Mo+ •

Is ! os&$&o%&% )o+ fro) ! )o"&% #!$for) 7h% $h !%$%%! &s &% )o$&o%. Us(!##*

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(s+ 7h% o%#* ! s&%# rc&"r &s (s+. I$ &s ! r#!$&" os&$&o%&% )$ho+ 7hr o% !%$%%! !%+ rc&"r &s s$!$&o%!r* 7h&#

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!%o$hr !%$%%! !%+ rc&"r &s )o"&%. Th s$!$&o%!r* rc&"r: c!##+ $h -!s rc&"r: &s #!c+ !$ ! %o7% o&%$ 7h&# !

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sco%+ rc&"r c!##+ =ro"r> 7&## "&s&$ !## (%%o7% o&%$s. Th !cc(r!c*  c%$&)$rs #"#. I$ h!" s"r!# #&)&$!$&o%s ! A$ #!s$ 4 s!$##&$s %++ !$ $h -&%%&% - Th #oc o% $h s!) fo(r or )or s!$##&$s )(s$ - )!&%$!&%+ +(r&% $h %$&r s(r"* S(&$!-# for o% s!c !r! 7hr $hr !r %o #!r o"r3h!%&% $rs: o"r3 !sss or f#*o"r. Th I%&$&!# &%$r -&!s $r) c!% - +$r)&%+ &% o% of < 7!*s ! Us&% ! %o7% -!s#&% #ss $h!% 20 ) &% #%$h !%+ h!"&% !% !cc(r!c* of  #ss $h!% 5 c). - A%$%%! s7! c Prfor) ! s$!$&c )o+ s(r"* f&rs$ for o% of $h -!s #&%s h% (s&% ! %o7% -!s#&%: &$ &s %css!r* $o (s o% %+ of $h -!s#&% !s $h -!s s$!$&o%. Th ro"r 7&## occ(* $h o$hr %+ $o co##c$ < or 4 ochs of +!$!

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#ss $h!% 2 )&%($s.  Af$r co##c$&% +!$! for <34 ochs $7o rc&"rs ? !%$%%!s !r s7!+ 7h&# )!&%$!&%&% #oc. o##c$ +!$! for !%o$hr <34 ochs: r$(r% $h -!s rc&"r ? !%$%%! $o $h -!s !%+ co%$&%( $h s(r"* 7&$h $h ro"r !s (s(!#. I% $h $h&r+ )$ho+: ! -!s#&% &s )!s(r+ -* s$!$&c )$ho+ 7&$h $h -!s rc&"r !$ $h %o7%

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-!s. !% (s )(#$&# -!ss !%+@or )(#$&# ro"rs &% $h s!) s(r"*: &f %css!r*.

Ps(+o3K&%)!$&c Mo+

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Th&s &s ! co)-&%!$&o% for -o$h s$!$&c !%+ &%)!$&c )$ho+s. Th #!s$ rc&s of !## )$ho+s -($ &s )or ro+(c$&" $h!% s$!$&c. No %+ $o )!&%$!&% #oc o% 4 s!$##&$s. Thr &s ! -!s rc&"r 7h&ch r)!&%s !$ $h rfr%c o&%$ +(r&% $h %$&r

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s(r"* 7h&# $h ro"&% rc&"r "&s&$s $h (%%o7% o&%$s. 6!ch o&%$ &s occ(&+ for 5310 )&%($s for 10) -!s#&%s.

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6!ch o&%$ )(s$ - r"&s&$+ )(#$&# $&)s !%+ $hs "&s&$s )(s$ - s!r!$+ -* !$ #!s$ 1 ho(r !%+ rfr!-#* %o$ )or $h!% 4 ho(rs.

R!# T&) K&%)!$&c Mo+ • • • • • • • • •

 A s$o3!%+3o )$ho+ 7hr $h coor+&%!$s of o&%$s !r !"!&#!-# &% r!# $&). I$ ($&#& shor$ o-sr"!$&o% $&)s !%+ %!-# *o( $o )o" -$7% s$!$&o%s. I$ c!% +$r)&% $h os&$&o% $o c) #"# !cc(r!c* (s&% c!rr&r h!s os&$&o%&%. I+!# for s$!o($: r3#oc!$&o% !%+ %&%r&%: c!+!s$r!#: $oo !%+ +$!&# s(r"*s. I$ r'(&rs 2 rc&"rs $o rcor+ $h o-sr"!$&o%s s&)(#$!%o(s#*. RTK r'(&rs rc&"rs $h!$ c!% (s $h +(!# fr'(%c* L1@L2 o-sr"!$&o%s. !% #oc o%$o s!$##&$s 7h&# o% $h )o". M(s$ h!" r!+&o or o$hr #&% $o $r!%sfr +!$! !%+ c!#c(#!$ rror &% r!# $&).  Acc(r!c* c!% - !s oo+ !s 0.02 $o 0.05 f$: 0.24 &%chs $o 0. &%chs.

D&ffr%$&!# ,PS D,PS • • • • • •

I%"o#"s $h coor!$&o% of 2 rc&"rs: o% &s s$!$&o%!r* !%+ !%o$hr &s ro"&% Th corrc$&o%s !r !$ -!s s$!$&o% $h% s%+ $h corrc$&o% &%fo $ o $h ro"r rc&"r. N+ r!+&o co))(%&c!$&o% $o s%+ $h corrc$&o% &% r!#3$&). Prc&s&o% 1) C <) RMS. M&% o-sr"!$&o% $&) 2 f&;s@sc. If 2D: < f&; s!$##&$s: &f
GPS CALIBRATION

!#&-r!$&o% &s co%s&+r+ !s ! r'(&s&$ for +)o%s$r!$&% =co)$%c=.

I$ &s !#so $o

%s(r&% $h!$ $h ,PS +r&"+ coor+&%!$s !r of ! (%&for)#* h&h '(!#&$*.

< $ch%&'(s for ,PS c!#&-r!$&o%   

ro B!s#&% !#&-r!$&o% 6DM B!s#&% !#&-r!$&o% ,PS N$7or Ts$s

&er% Ba'e()*e Ca()!ra+)%*

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Prfor) $o %s(r $h corrc$ or!$&o% of $h rc&"rs: !%$%%!: c!-#&% !%+ sof$7!r.

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Ts$ sh!## - c!rr&+ o($ -* co%%c$&% 2 s rc&"rs $o $h s!) !%$%%! (s&%

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s#&$$r 6RE -!s#&% $s$ sho(#+ - rfor)+ -for !%* ,PS s(r"* 7or !c$&"&$* c!rr&+ o($.

/&#+ S$ (

Mo+ E-sr"!$&o%

 R!&+ S$!$&c

Ecc(!$&o% T&)

 M&%&)() 10 )&%($s

Lo&% I%$r"!#

 A$ #!s$ 15 sc

N()-r of s!$##&$s

 A$ #!s$ 5 s!$##&$s

S* #!r%c

 A$ #!s$ 90F

,DEP

 Lss $h!% 

6#"!$&o% M!s

 15 +r

EDM Ba'e()*e Ca()!ra+)%*

To %s(r $h!$ $h or!$&o% of ! !&r of ,PS rc&"rs: !ssoc&!$+ !%$%%!s: c!-#&% !%+ +!$! rocss&% sof$7!r $h!$ c!% - co)!r 7&$h ! h&h '(!#&$* 6DM )!s(r)%$

/&#+ S$ (

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Us&% s$!%+!r+ 6DM -!s#&% c!#&-r!$&o% &##!rs JUP6M PILLARS ,PS rc&"r &s $o co%%c$+ $o $h !%$%%! )o(%$+ o% $h &##!r (s&% s!) c!-# (s+ +(r&% $h s(r"*s.

GPS NETORK TEST

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Prfor)+ $o %s(r $h or!$&o% of $h ,PS &%s$r()%$!$&o% for $h (ros of 

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+$r)&%&% h&h !cc(r!c* of r#!$&" coor+&%!$s. M(s$ - $s$+ o% ,PS )o%()%$ s$!-#&s+ (s&% h&h or+r o+$&c %$7or. M&%&)() of < /&rs$ Er+r ,PS o%$ro# S$!$&o% 7&## - (s+. N$7or $s$ sho(#+ - c!rr&+ o($ o% !%%(!# -!s&s or 7h% rc&"r>s f&r)7!r

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(r!++. ro B!s#&% !%+ 6DM B!s#&% )(s$ - rfor)+ f&rs$ -for ,PS %$7or Ts$.

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