ADVERBS OF PLACE & ADVERBS OF TIME
(Diajukan untuk memenuhi Tugas Bahasa Inggris) Oleh : Lusiyana (1651010064) Ahmad Jian Sastra Ramadhan (1651010369)
Dosen Pembimbing : M. Fikri Nugraha Kholid, M.Pd.
FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM JURUSAN AKUNTANSI SYARIAH UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG 2017-2018
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kami panjatakan kepada Allah SWT, yang telah memberikan rahmat dan karunianya sehingga saya dapat menyelesaikan makalah yang berisikan tentang “ Adverbs Of Place and Adverbs Of Time”, tepat pada waktunya.
Sholawat dan salam saya haturkan kepada baginda Rasulullah Muhammad SAW, yang telah membawa kita dari zaman jahiliyah
menuju zaman ilmu
pengetahuan yang menjadikan manusia cerdas dan berwawasan luas.
Saya menyadari bahwa makalah ini masih banyak kekurangan karena keterbatasan ilmu yang saya miliki.Namun berkat usaha dan bantuan dari beberapa pihak, makalah ini dapat terselesaikan meski masih banyak terdapat kekurangan.
Ucapan terima kasih saya kepada dosen pembimbing yang telah memberikan motivasi
dan
dorongan
sehingga
makalah
ini
dapat
terselesaikan
dengan
baik.Harapan saya adalah semoga kritik dan saran dari pembaca tetap tersalurkan kepada saya dan semoga makalah ini bermanfaat.Amin.
Bandar Lampung, 26 September 2017
Penyusun
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DAFTAR ISI
Kata pengantar ........................................................................................................ ii Daftar Isi................................................................................................................. iii BAB I. PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ............................................................ ................................. 1 B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... ..... 1 C. Tujuan Masalah .................................................. .......................................... 2 BAB II. PEMBAHASAN A. Definition Adverbs ....................................................................................... 3 B. Kinds Of Adverbs .................................... .................................................... 6 1. Adverbs Of Place ......................................... .......................................... 6 2. Adverbs Of Time.......................................... .......................................... 6 BAB III. PENUTUP A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 8 B. Kritik dan Saran .......................................................... ................................. 8 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 9
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BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
Adverb
atau
kata
keterangan
dapat
memodifikasi
kata
kerja,
kata
sifat,keterangan lain, frase, atau klausa. Adverb menunjukkan cara, waktu, tempat, menyebabkan, atau derajat/tingkatan dan menjawab pertanyaan seperti “bagaimana,” “how,” “when,” “where,” “how much”. Hal yang menyebabkan Noun, adjective, adverb, article, pronoun, dan penggunaan to be menjadi bidang kajian bahasa inggris yang penting tidak lain karena melalui itu semua seseorang dapat menyapaikan maksudnya dengan jelas.satuan bahasa yang sudah kita kenal sebelum sampai pada tataran kalimat adalah: Noun (kata benda), Adjective (kata sifat), dan Adverb (kata keterangan). Ketiga bentuk itu, adalah pembelajaran dasar atau struktur dasar yang harus kita pelajari supaya lebih memahami tata cara berbahasa inggris dengan baik dan lancar. Pronoun atau kata ganti noun dalam tata bahasa inggris / english grammar memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Bisa kita bayangkan jika bahasa manusia tidak memiliki kata ganti mungkin akan timbul kejanggalan-kejanggalan. Singkatnya bahwa semua bentuk noun yang begitu beragam jenisnya bisa kita ganti dengan pronoun.
B. Rumusan Masalah
1. Apakah pengertian Adverb? 2. Apakah pengertian Adverb Of Place?
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3. Apakah pengertian Adverb Of Time?
C. Tujuan Masalah
1. Untuk mengetahui pengertian Adverbs. 2. Untuk memahami pengertian Adverbs Of Place. 3. Untuk mengetahui pengertian Adverbs Of Time.
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BAB II PEMBAHASAN A. Definition Adverbs
Adverbs are words that adds information to adverb, adjective, phrase and another adverb (oxford dictionary).
a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)
an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?)
another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How
slowly did she move?) As we will see, adverbs often tell when, where, why, or under what
conditions something happens or happened. Adverbs frequently end in -ly ; however, many words and phrases not ending in -ly serve an adverbial function and an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is an adverb. The words lovely, lonely, motherly, friendly, neighborly , for instance, are adjectives: -
That lovely woman lives in a friendly neighborhood.
If a group of words containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb (modifying the verb of a sentence), it is called an Adverb Clause: -
When this class is over, we're going to the movies.
When a group of words not containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb, it is called an adverbial phrase . Prepositional phrases frequently have adverbial functions (telling place and time, modifying the verb):
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-
He went to the movies.
-
She works on holidays.
-
They lived in Canada during the war.
And Infinitive phrases can act as adverbs (usually telling why): -
She hurried to the mainland to see her brother.
But there are other kinds of adverbial phrases: -
He calls his mother as often as possible. Adverbs can modify adjectives, but an adjective cannot modify an adverb. This we would say that "the students showed a really wonderful attitude" and that "the students showed a wonderfully casual attitude" and that "my professor is really tall, but not "He ran real fast."
Like adjectives, adverbs can have comparative and superlative forms to show degree. -
Walk faster if you want to keep up with me.
-
The student who reads fastest will finish first.
We often use more and most , less and least to show degree with adverbs: -
With sneakers on, she could move more quickly among the patients.
-
The flowers were the most beautifully arranged creations I've ever seen.
-
She worked less confidently after her acciden t.
-
That was the least skillfully done performance I've seen in years.
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The as — as construction can be used to create adverbs that express sameness or equality: -
He can't run as fast as his sister.
A handful of adverbs have two forms, one that ends in -ly and one that doesn't. In certain cases, the two forms have different meanin gs: -
He arrived late.
-
Lately, he couldn't seem to be on time for anything.
In most cases, however, the form without the -ly ending should be reserved for casual situations: -
She certainly drives slow in that old Buick of hers.
-
He did wrong by her.
-
He spoke sharp, quick, and to the point.
Adverbs often function as intensifiers , conveying a greater or lesser emphasis to something. Intensifiers are said to have three different functions: they can emphasize, amplify, or downtone. Here are some examples: 1. Emphasizers (menegaskan):
I really don't believe him.
He literally wrecked his mother's car.
She simply ignored me.
They're going to be late, for sure.
2. Amplifiers (menguatkan):
The teacher completely rejected her proposal.
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I absolutely refuse to attend any more faculty meetings.
They heartily endorsed the new restaurant.
I so wanted to go with them.
We know this city well.
3. Downtoners(melemahkan):
I kind of like this college.
The boss almost quit after that.
The school was all but ruined by the storm.1
B. Kinds Of Adverbs
1. Adverbs Of Place Adverbs of place indicate where something happens. These include: abroad, anywhere, here outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstair etc.2 For example: a. My passport is here in my bag. b. The children are playing outside. c. He is reading a book in the class.3 2. Adverbs Of Time
1
Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, dan Jan Svartvik, Wilkipedia, A Grammar of Contemporary English, Longman Group: London. 1978. Hal: 438-457. 2
Prof. Dr. Idham kholid, M.Ag, Bambang Irfani, M.Pd, dan Meisuri, M.Pd, Let’s study English a starting point for learning English more, IAIN Raden Intan: Bandar Lampung. 2016. Hal: 120. 3 Robert Krohn, English Sentence Structure, Bina Rupa Aksara: Indonesia, 1990. Hal: 20
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Adverbs of time tell us when an action happened. These include: then, still, yet, now, soon, last week, everyday, at seven, next week, tomorrow, since, during, while, for. For Example: a. He will come here tomorrow . b. They are sleeping now . c. She is going to visit her grandmother next week .4
4
Kholid, Irfani, dan Meisuri, Op.Cit., Hal: 121
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BAB III PENUTUP
A. Kesimpulan Adverbs are words that adds information to adverb, adjective, phrase and another adverb (oxford dictionary). Adverbs often function as intensifiers , conveying a greater or lesser emphasis to something. Adverbs of place indicate where something happens. These include: abroad, anywhere, here outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstair etc. Adverbs of time tell us when an action happened. These include: then, still, yet, now, soon, last week, everyday, at seven, next week, tomorrow, since, during, while, for. B. Kritik dan Saran Demi penyempurnaan makalah ini, saran dan kritikan teman-teman sangat dibutuhkan.Kesalahan dan kekeliruan yang terdapat dalam makalah ini adalah bukti dari kerancuan pemikiran penulis, dan semua itu tidak lepas dari sifat manusia yang selalu salah dan lupa.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, dan Jan Svartvik, Wilkipedia, A Grammar of Contemporary English, Longman Group: London. 1978. Prof. Dr. Idham kholid, M.Ag, Bambang Irfani, M.Pd, dan Meisuri, M.Pd, Let’s study English a starting point for learning English more, IAIN Raden Intan: Bandar Lampung. 2016. Robert Krohn, English Sentence Structure, Bina Rupa Aksara: Indonesia, 1990.
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