THE TASK OF ENGLISH ENGLI SH LANGUAGE PAPERS “IF CONDITI COND ITIONAL ONAL”
COMPILED COMP ILED BY: BY: GROUP GROU P 2
SITI MAELLANI SRI CAHYANI (2014120893) (2014121440)
(2014120992)
SUSI
S-1 ACCOUNTING UNIVERSITY O PAMULANG !L"S#$%& '*&& '*&& P&+#,& P&+#,& . S/# T&$&
OREORD
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Alhamdulillhahirabil’alamin, Our gratitude to Allah SWT, because thanks of His grace and blessings we can complete our task this pa per. Praers and peace be alwas de!oted to the great lord of the Prophet "uhammad, and all the famil and friends and his followers who still isti#omah until $aumil end. On this occasion, we would also like to thank all those who ha!e assisted in the completion of this paper ma Allah alwas reciprocate with kindness doubled. in our paper, we discuss the conditional sentence, bertu%uan untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Pengantar Bahasa Inggris dan untuk lebih mempermudah rekan&rekan mahasiswa'mahasiswi dalam memahami pokok bahasan ini.
(alam kesempatan ini, kami %uga ingin mengucapkan terima kasih dengan hati ang tulus kepada seluruh pihak ang telah membantu dalam penelesaian makalah ini semoga Allah senantiasa membalas dengan kebaikan ang berlipat ganda. in our paper, we discuss the conditional sentence, which is part of )nglish grammar, we are all aware that the )nglish language toda is alread a world language in use, which is !er important we learn to era of globali*ation. We reali*e that this task is far from perfect, the author feels there are still man shortcomings both in technical writing and matter, in !iew of the capabilities of the author, therefore criticism and suggestions from readers who are building, so authors e+pect this task to perfection , We e+pect this task ma be useful for us all, and to contribute ideas for the need, especiall the writer that the e+pected goals can be achie!ed, Amin.
Pamulang , October -/
The Author
TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Table Of Content Introduction – Chater I
0. 1ackground 2222222222222222222222222....................... / 00. 0dentifikasi "asalah 222222222222222222222222...................3 000. 4ormulation Of The Problems ..................................................................... 3 05. Purpose ...................................................................... 3
!or"ing Throught – Chater II
. "asalah Pokok )konomi ...222222222222222222222 6 .. Permasalahan )konomi 7lasik......................2222222222222 6 .. Permasalahan )konomi "odern222222222222222222. 8 ..9 1atas 7emungkinan Produksi ...222222222222222222../ Pengangguran dan 7elesuan )konomi222222222222222.. ..3 7ur!a 7emungkinan Produksi dan "asalah )konomi22222222...... . Sistem Perekonomian .............................................................................................. .. Sistem )konomi di 0ndonesia ............................................................................ 3 Closing – Chater III
9. :onclusion ................................................................................................................ ; 9.
List Of Book """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" INT#O$%CTION
19
C&APTE# ' '('( Bac"ground =anguage is a tool that is !er important for dail life and one of support in communicating, especiall )nglish as one of the most important international language. because it is, the author will discuss one part of the )nglish language are> ?0f :onditional?
:onditional Sentences are also known as :onditional :lauses or 0f :lauses. The are used to e+press that the action in the main clause @without if can onl take place if a certain condition @in the clause with if is fulfilled. :onditional Sentences are sentences used to e+press supposition of an e!ent that has not happened, or e!en impossible. :onditionals has se!eral forms that represent different forms of time, in other words, the form of conditional sentence will depend on the assumed form of the e!ent. Here are a few patterns of :onditional Sentences. :onditional sentences to e+press predictable fact in the future or untrue e!ent in the present and in the past, :onditional sentences to e+press predictable fact in the future or untrue e!ent in the present and in the past, conditional sentence ha!e three tpe, tpe 0 is simple present tense, this first tpe of conditional sentence is also called probable condition. This tpe is used to show that something will happen if a certain condition is fulfilled, the second tpe of conditional sentence is also called improbable condition of the present which means that the sentence is in contrar to the fact in the present, and the third tpe of conditional sentence is also called improbable condition of the past which means that the sentence is in contrar to the realit in the past. '()( For*ulation Of The Proble* in this paper we will address issues about the conditional sentence, as for the formulation of the problem to be discussed in this paper are>
. What is a conditional sentenceB . What are the different kinds or forms of what is contained in a conditional sentenceB 9. what is the formula of each of the !arious conditional sentenceB /. What are some e+amples of conditional sentences sentenceB '(+( Purose The purpose of this paper is to be made> . pro!ide knowledge to the readers about the conditional sentence . so that readers know and be able to make an e+ample of each tpe of conditional sentence
CHAPTER II
WORKING THROUGH 2.1. Co!itio"# S$t$%$s C//&, S*5 &$ 5*5 #5 / 67$55 5/+ & + &77 /$ + / &77 &5 67*" M/&, 5* +&5 & 5* & 5 #5 / +&& 5#77/5 / & &*% /$ &*/ *//5 &$ +" I $ 5 & *, +/&,% (I *,) & *, $5#, (R5#, C,)"
:onditional Sentences are also known as :onditional :lauses or 0f :lauses @0f :onditional, 0n general supposition sentence consists of two parts, namel ?"ain clause @Parent Sentence? and ?0f clause ' (ependent clause @:hild sentence?. "ain clause can stand alone, while the 0f clause can not stand alone. 0n the form of conditional sentences we use the word ?if ?. :onditional Sentences or sentence modalit consists of two tpes of conditional estate @real and unreal ' :ontrar to fact @not real. C//&, 5*5 $&,,% & /,,/; *&$&*$5*5: I E,5< *//&, 5*5 $&, & /,,/; *&$&*$5*5: &" #5 / ;/$ *, (5#/$& *,)" B* / 5 *, 7$* % & *, 5 *&,," " #5 / ,&$% *&7&,< 5#* &5 ;,,< *&< +&%< +#5< ;/#,< */#,< M< *" 7$*7&, 5* (+& *,)" T$ &$ $ %7 / C//&, S*5 : TYPE
I CLAUSE
MAIN CLAUSE
1
I = S =V1 (5<&+<&$)
S =,, = V1
2
I = S = V2 ($)
S =/#, = V1 >
B$,&;&& & 7$%&&& & 7$5 5
3
I = S V3>B
S = /#, H& =V3>B
B$,&;&& & 7$%&&& 7&5 5
=
H&
=
MEAN T$ 5 7/55,% T$ ;,, 7/55,% """
&
N/: • • • • • •
,, 5& & & 5&,,<*&<+&%<+#5" /#, 5& & & 5/#,"*/#,<+<+#5" U,55 ? I / > 5&&%& &@ O$;5 ? !@& &@ P$/ & ? A5&,@& O *// &
2.2. Ki!s of Co!itio"# s$t$%$ C//&, 5*5 &$ $/#7 / ;/ %75< &+,%:
$&, *//&,
#$&, > C/$&$% / &*"
2. 2. 1.Realcondi t i onal s(f a c t u a l> ha bi t ua l> hypot het i cal/f ut ur epossi bl e)
C//&,5 &$ #5 / 67$55 5 %7 / 5#&/ /$ &*% & /$+&,,% /**#$ /$ ;/#, /**#$ 5#&/ *, &$ +" I /$ ;/$5< ;& ;&5 5#77/5 / & & *&* / &77 /$ $#"
/$ 6&+7,< ; & $ &5@ +< ;$ I ;& / ;&* / /$ /< I + 5&%:
I I & +< I ;,, /" (I I & +< I,, /)" T5 5* 5 +7,*,% &,5/ +&5<
I I / / & +< I ;,, / /" (I I / / & +< I ;,, / / &;&%)" Theus eofr e alc ondi t i ona l s Condi t i onal s ent enc esoft hi st y pec anbeus edt odec l ar e :
a.Fut ur et i me wi l l can may I f+S+pr e se ntt e ns e,S+
must
+Ver b1
Not e :i fc l a us eca nbepl a ce di nf r ontoft hes ent e nc e( s uc ha st hef or mul aa bo ve ) ,ma ya l s obe pl acedi nt hebackaf t ermai ncl ause.Thi sdoesnotchanget hemeani ngoft hesent ence. Wi t hnot e s,i ft hei fc l a us ei spl a ce da tt her e ar ,acommai snotne ede d. Exampel s:
I I & +/%< I ;,, / %/#" (!@& 5&%& 7#%& #&%&< 5&%& &@& ++$@&%& @7&& @&+#)"
I %/# @7 $ / 5 57< ; +&% &$$ & /+ /$ 10 7"+" (!@& @&+# $#5 %$ +/, 7&& @*7&& < @& +#@ & $#+& 5,#+ &+ 10 +&,&+)"
I *& 7&55 5 5#* I 5#% &$" (S&%& &7& ,#,#5 +&& @#,& < @& 5&%& ,&&$ &)"
Y/#
+#5 $ & #+$,,& %/# / ;& / ;" ('&+# &$#5 ++&;& 7&%#< @& @&+# &@ &5& (@#&&)" +#5
b.
Habi t ual
( kebi asaan/ habi t ) I f+S+ve r b1 ,S+v er b1
Not$& I 5 /$+#,&< +/&, ,&$% 5 #5"
Exampel s:
I B# &5 /# +< #5#&,,% ;&,@5 / *&+7#5" (!@& B# 7#%& *#@#7 ;&@#< & &5&%& &,& @&@ @ @&+7#5)"
I #5#&,,% ;&* //&,, / TV $% S&#$&% I / / &,, &5,7" (S&%& &5&%& // 57&@/,& TV &7 S&# +&,&+ @& 5&%& &@ $#$)"
I &5 +/%< &,;&%5 $&5 #5" (!@& & 7#%& #&< & 5,&,# +$&@$ @&)"
c.Command( per i nt ah) I f+S+ve r b1 ,S+v er b1 Exampel s:
I %/# 5 ; %/#$ ;/$@< 7,&5 ,7 +" (!@& @&+# 5,5& & 7@$&&+#< /,/ &# 5&%&)"
P,&5 + & *&$ %/# / +" (T/,/ $ 5&%& 57## $/@/@< @& @&+# &@ @$&&)"
I %/# & +< 7,&5 + + +% /*" (!@& @&+# 7#%& ;&@#< /,/ +# 5&%& @&/$ 5&%&)"
2.2.2. U'$"# Co!itio"#s Unl i k et her ealc ondi t i onal s ,t hemeani ngofc ondi t i onals ent enc esoft hi st y pei sal wa ys c ont r ar yt of ac t( t hef ac t ) .Thati s ,i ft hef ac t si nt hepos i t i v e( affir mat i v e) ,c ondi t i onal ny adefi ni t el y i n negat i v es ent enc es ;Con v er s el y ,i ft he f a ct si n a neg at i v es ent en ce,t he s ent enc es houl d c ondi t i onal ny apos i t i v e. Ther ea r et wot y pesofs ent enc es ,unr ealc ondi t i onal s ,namel y :i ft hef ac t si nt hes i mpl e pr es entt ens eandi ft hef ac t si nt hes i mpl epas tt ens e.Unr ealc ondi t i onal scanbemadeu si ng t hec onj unc t i ons" i f "( asi nr ealc ondi t i onal s ) ,t hei nv er s e( putt hewor dhel p)t ot hene xts ubj ec t l i ne ,b yus i ngt he" asi f "o r" ast hough" ,andt hev er b" wi s h" .Us eoft hev er b" wi s h"i st ob e c omp ar e dwi t ht h eu seoft h ev e r b" ho pe " .
A. U'$"# %o!itio"#s (ik" f"kt")" !"#"* si*+#$ +'$s$t t$s$ a.I ft hef ac t si nt hes i mpl epr es entt ens eorf ut ur et ens e,t henc ondi t i onal ny af ol l owst hi spat t er n: I f+S+ver b2/ wer e,+S+
Woul d
+Ver b1
c oul d mi ght Exampel s: 1.
I &*$ 57&@ F#*@,%< I */#, #$5& $ ;& 5
&* &/#" (!@& #$# # &@ $*&$& & *7&< 5&%& &7& ++&&+ & , &@ &7& %& & 5& &&$@&)" &@& &$ @&,+& &&,&: &*$ 57&@5 F#*@,%< 5/ &< I *& #$5& ;,, ;& 5 &* &/#" 2. H */#, # +< ,$'$ $" (D& /, ++,#@ 5&%&< @& & 5)" &@&%&: *& # +< *< 5 / $" 3. I I & & 7&$ / ;5< I ;/#, % " (!@& 5&%& 7#%& 57&5& 5&%&7< 5&%& +#@ $& )" &@&%&: I / & & 7&$ / ;5< I *&/ % " N/: 1" A,;&%5 #5 ;$ B &5 5 $ #5 #$&, *//&,5 (5 6&+7, 2)"
2" I 7,&% *, & *, 5* 5* 5 *//&, 7/5 (&$+&)< &* +#5 & 5*5" C/$5,%< 7,&% *, & *, *//&, 5*5 5 & & 5*< &* 5/#, 7/5 5*5"
B. U'$"# %o!itio"#s (ik" f"kt")" !"#"* si*+#$ +"st t$s$ I ft hef ac t si nt hes i mpl epas tt ens eorf ut ur et ens epas t ,t henc ondi t i onal ny af ol l ow t he f ol l owi ngf or mul a: I f+S+had+ver b3,S+
woul d
+have+Ver b3
c oul d mi ght Exampel s: 1.
I R/% & / / / & +/ ,&5 < ;/#, / & + S#5&
(@& R/% &@ 7$ // ,+ ( /5@/7) & +&,&+< & &@ &@& $#+7& & S#5&)" &@& &$ @&,+& &&,&: R/% ; / & +/ ,&5 < < + S#5&" 2. I G$+& //&,, &+ & 7,&% ;,,< */#, & & S7&5 &+ (@& &+ 57&@ /,& !$+& $+& < &+ # &7& +&,&@& &+ S7&%/,)" &@&%&: G$+& // &,, &+ 7,&% ;,,< */#, & S7&5 &+" 3. Y/# */#, & &5;$ F#5/5 ;,, I %/# & 5# ;,, ,&5 (@&+# &7& +&;& 5/&,-5/&, & &@< @& @&+# ,&&$ & &@ & +&,&+)" &@&%& &&,&: %/# */#, &5;$ F#5/5 ;,,< *< %/# 5#% ;,, ,&5 " Not e:Un r e ali st h i ss e c on dc o nd i t i o nc a na l s ob ee x pr e s s ed b yp l a c i n gt h ea ux i l i a r yh ad a tt h e be gi n ni n go ft h es ent en ce .Me an i n goft h es en t e nc eu nc han ge d.I nt h i sc a se ,i ft h ewor di sn ot u sed .I ft h ef o l l o wi n gf o r mu l ai su se d,ma i nc l au sei sa l wa y sp l a ce da tt h eb ac k( a f t e rs ub c l aus e) . Had+S+v er b3,S+
woul d c oul d mi ght
+have+Ver b3
Exampel s: 1. 2.
HadR/% / / / & +/ ,&5 < ;/#, / & + S#5&" Had G$+& //&,, &+ 7,&% ;,,< */#, & &
S7&5 &+" 3. Had%/# 5# ;,, ,&5 < %/# */#, & &5;$ F#5/5 ;,," heus eofi f/Ast houghi nunr e alc ondi t i ona l s Ast Con j un ct i ona si forast hough( meani ng:asi f )c ana l s ob eu sedt oe x pr e ssas i t uat i on c ont r ar yt of ac t .Fort hi spur pos e,t hev er bt hatf ol l owst hec onj unc t i onmus tbei nt hepas tt ens e ( v er b2)orpas tper f ec tt ens e( had+v er b3) . S+ver b1+asi f / ast hough+ S+ver b2 Exampel s:
N/$+& &5 "s if ,$'$ & 7$5" (N/$+& $7$,&@# 5/,&/,& & 5/$& 7$5)" &@&%&< 5 / & 7$5" 2. Y/# ,//@ "s t-o/- %/# 5&; & /5 (%/# &+7&@ 5/,&-/,& @&+# 1.
+,& 5&)" &@&%&< %/# / 5 & /5" 3. T 7,& $/;5 &5 "s if ;$ J %&$5 /, (&&+& # #+# *7& 5/,&-/,& &&+& # $#+#$ J &#)" &@&%&< 7,& 5 1 %&$5 /," S+verb2+( asi f / ast hough)+ S+had+ver b3 Exampel s:
A, &,@ &/# */5 "s if & ;/ $& 7$K" (A, $*$& & @/5 # 5/,&-/,& & ,& ++&@& && #&+&)" &@&%&< ; $& 7$K" 2. H 57/@ "s t-o/- & / 5/, +/%" (D& $@&& 5/,&1.
/,& & &@ +*#$ #& #)" &@&%&< 5/, +/%" 3. S *$ "s t-o/- 5 & / &77% & &,," (D& +&5 5/,&-/,& & &@ &&& 5&+& 5@&,) &@&%&< 5 ;&5 &77% & &,, (# &5 @&&&& @&,)" UseofWi sh/hopei ncondi t i onalsent ences Ver b wi sh and hope ar e bot h means hope,buti t s use i nv er ydi ffer entsent ences. Ho pe di g un ak a nt oe x p r e s ss o me t h i n gt h atma yh ap pe no ri twi l lp r o ba bl yh ap pe n.I n s t e ad , wi s h di g un ak a nt oe x p r e s ss o me t h i n gt h atwo ul dn o th ap pe no rwi l l n oth ap pe n.
Ho pec a nb e
f ol l owedb yav er bi nan yt ens e;wi s hc annotbef ol l o wedb yav er bi nt hes i mpl epr es entt ens eor s i mpl epr es entt ens eaux i l i ar yc api t al . No t et h ed i ff er e nc e si nt h eu s eo fwi s han dh op et h ee x amp l e sbe l o w:
/7 & % %" */+" (@& $&$&7 &;& +$@& 5& &&)"
1.
D&,&+ @&,+& 5#* ,$ &@ &# &7&@& t-$) 5& && &&# &@" T&7< && @+#@& &;& t-$) 5& &&" 2. ;5 & % %o#! */+" (@& $&$&7 &;& +$@& 5& &&)" D 5< ,$ 5#& &# &;& t-$) &@ 5& &&" &@&%& &&,&: hey can’t come" 3. I /7 & t-$) %"*$ %5$&%" (5&%& $&$&7 @&+# && @+&$)" D 5< I &@ &# &7&@& t-$)&& &&# &@ @+&$" 4. I ;5 & t-$) -"! %o*$ %5$&%" (5&%& $&$&7 &;& +$@& && @+&$)" D 5< I 5#& &# &;& t-$) */+ %5$&%" &@&%& &&,&: they didn’t come yesterday. Thus ,t hef ol l owi ngc l aus ei npr i nc i pl ewi s hc l aus ei sunr eal c ondi t i onal . Theus eoft heunr ealc ondi t i onal swi s ht her ewer e3,namel y :f ut ur ewi s h,wi s hp r es ent a ndp as twi s h
a .Fut ur ewi s h S+wi sh+( t hat )+ S+
coul d+ver b1 woul d+ver b1 we r e+v e r bi ng
Theus eofr el at i v epr onoun" t hat "i sopt i onal ( c anbeus ed,orma yno t ) : Not e: Exampl es:
I ;5 +% $ ,o#! 0isit + 5 &$//" (S&%& $&$&7 +& 5&%& &@& +## 5&%& 5/$ )" &@&%&: my friend will not come this afternoon. 2. T% ;5 & %/# %o#! %o*$ / 7&$% /" (M$@& $&$&7 1.
&;& @&+# 5& && 5&$ +&,&+)" &@&%&: you can’t come" 3. B/% ;55 ,$'$ %o*i/ ; A,&" (B/% $&$&7 & && & A,&)" &@&%&:Bobby is not coming with Angelia" b.Pr e se ntwi s h S+wi sh+( t hat )+ S+verb2 Exampel s:
I ,is- I ,$'$ $*" (S&%& $&$&7 5&%& @&%&)" &@&%& &&,&: I am not
1.
rich. 2.
I ,is- I -"! /# + / 5 +% ;/$@" (S&%& $&$&7 5&%& 7#%& *#@#7 ;&@# ##@ +%,5&@& 7@$&& 5&%&)" &@&%&: I don’t have enough time to nish my work.
3.
!/ ,is-$s & R$ ,$'$ /, /# / 5 $, $" (!/
$&$&7 &;& R$ *#@#7 #+#$ ##@ +& 7&*&$%&)" &@&%&: Ririn is not old enough to be John’s girl friend. 4. I ,is- I !i!t & / */+ / *,&55 /&%" (S&%& $&$&7 5&%& &@ &$#5 7$ @#,& &$ )" &@&%&:I have to go to class today " 5. I ,is- +% TOEL 5*/$ ,$'$ /$ J0 /;" (S&%& $&$&7 ,& TOEL 5&%& 5@&$& , &$ J0)" &@&%&: my T!"# score is not over $%& now. c .Pa stwi s h S+wi sh+( t hat )+ S+
had+ver b3 coul d+had+ver b3
Exampel s: 1.
I ;5 I -"! ,"s-$! +% *,/5 %5$&%" (S&%& $&$&7 5&%& ,& *#*
7&@&&-7&@&& 5&%& @+&$)" &@&%&: I didn’t wash my clothes yesterday " 2. I$;& ;55 & -"! "s,$'$! F#5/5 ;,," (I$;& $&$&7 &;& & ,& +&;& 5/&,-5/&, & &@)" &@&%&: Irwan didn’t answer the 'uestions well. 3. C$5& R/&,/ ;55 & 5 &+ %o#! -"0$ $"t$ G$+& &+" (C$5& R/&,/ $&$&7 &;& &+%& &7& +&,&@& &+ !$+&)" &@&%&: (hristian Ronaldo’s team couldn’t beat the )erman team. 4. I;5 %/# -"! $$ $ ,&5 " (S&%& $&$&7 @&+# && 5 & +&,&+)" &@&%&: you were not here last night "
CHAPTERI I I FASTENER 9.. :OC:=DS0OC :onclusion fom our working paper are > :onditional sentences to e+pres predictable fact in the future or untrue e!ent in the present and in the past. :onditional sentences ha!e three tpes, the first tpe is possibilit, the second tpe unreal present, and unreal past. The meaning of the tpe 0 is used in the result clause to e+press on estabilished, the meaning of tpe 00 is untrue in the present'future, and the meaning tpe 00 or unreal past is untrue in the past Tpe has formula is if,2.present,future tense, tpe 00 has formula is if2..past tense, past future and tpe 000 has formula is if2.past perfect, past future perfect.
9.
0f we ............... @ha!e a acht, we ............ @sail the se!en seas She talks to ou She ................. @talk'not to ou, if she ...... @be made ou The got punished because the didn’t tell their father earlier 0f the ..... @tell their father earlier, the ................. @get'not'punishment " brother is not angr " brother ................. @repl'not our sms if he ..... @be'angr :. make the sentence to conditional sentences tpe and 9G •
0f ou @see her , she @ask ou
•
He @sa the truth, if he @tell the truth
•
0f i drink @not the medicine, i @get'not well soon
•
She @bu a new dress, if he @ha!e a lot of mone
•
0f the @win the competition, we @celebrate it.
LI STOFBOOK
A/+#5 .2012" (onditional sentences* real and unreal conditional" I&$&,&%&:7:>>;&$&;&$&"#&&$+&"&*"" D &@55 7&& &&, 11 A7$, 2012" S;&$& B&5@&$& "2012" *//&, 5*5" I$&,&%& : 5;&$&&5@&$&"*/+" &@55 7&& &&, 11 A7$, 2012 T+ 7%#5# " 2010" '/< @/57 &5&$ & @" G&5& /7$&/" B&# : = 39 ,+" T#+/ & S,&+ R%&/" 2011" 99<99 5#@55 TOEL" PT" B#@# S$#" !&@&$& : */$ = 32 ,+"
