PART I PRELIMINARY
1.1 Background
Every organization has an activity of specific work activities in order to achieve organi organisasi sasi.Sa .Salah lah one such such activity activity is manajem manajemen. en.Dal Dalam am busine business ss organi organizati zation on is known known among among other other things things the planni planning ng and delive delivery ry of freight freight managem management ent,, purcha purchasin sing g and wareho warehouse use manage managemen ment, t, project project managem management ent,, operat operation ionss manage managemen ment, t, and educati educationa onall organizations sorts sebagianya.Dalam -macam management as it was not in the know, but there is only one type of multilevel management is the highest management leading up to the management. here here is a clos closee conn connec ectio tion n betw betwee een n the the orga organi nizat zatio iona nal, l, admi admini nistr strat ativ ivee and and manajemen.!rganisasi is a group of people with a certain bond that is the container to achieve their goals, first they integrate material resources as well as the attitude of the members known as management and finally did they carry out activities to achieve goals and implement management tersebut."aik called administrative activities.
1.2. Formulation of th !ro"lm
#rom #rom the the abov abovee discu discussi ssion on,, raise raised d $uest $uestio ions ns abou aboutt some some of the eleme element ntss and and management functions including the following% &. 'ow Element Elementss of (anagem (anagement ent )ccordin )ccording g to the e*perts+ e*perts+ . hat hat are the the element elementss of (anag (anageme ement nt ener eneral+ al+ /. hat hat are are the the (anag (anageme ement nt #unctio #unctions+ ns+
1.#. Pur!o$
0n this case as for the purpose of making paper following the "asic (anagement is &. to deep deepen en the the phil philos osop ophy hy of scie scienc ncee in gene genera rall and and Elem Elemen entt (ana (anage geme ment nt and and (anagement #unctions in particular. . understands understands the true intent intent in (anagement (anagement Science. Science. /. "e able able to apply apply in the the daily life of of management management science itself
%&APTER II 'I(%)((I*N
2.1. Elmnt$ of +nral Managmnt and according to th ,!rt$
(anagement is basically a process of activities that must be done by using ways of thinking scientifically and practically to achieve the objectives that have been defined through collaboration with others by using the resources available in a way that is rigorous. (anagement is essentially 1)chieving goals through others1, achieving the goal through the activities of others. )nd depending on the ability to move these people are basically the success or failure of a manager. "ecause the human element of the dominant management principles nature does not produce the same results. (anagement principles are fle*ible in the sense that its application should also consider the specific circumstances that considerations related to the human element as a basic element of management. he above description shows the urgency of attention on the human element with various aspects of the motives, emotions, aspirations, ratios, and others as a basic element of management. (any authors use the term means 2tools3 or a management tool to mention the elements of this management. A. Elmnt$ of Managmnt According to th E,!rt$
)ccording to #remont E. 4ast mentioned two basic elements of management, namely% a3 ( e n b3 (aterials hile !.#. 5eterson gives the definition of top management as 1the use of men, materials and money to echieve a common goal1 2the use of a group of people, materials and money to achieve a common goal3. #rom these definitions appear to have three 2/3 basic elements of management, namely% a3 ( e n b3 (aterials c3 (oney eorge 6. erry argued that the basic elements 2basic elements3 which is a source that can be used 2available resources3 to achieve the objectives in carrying the management are% a3 b3 c3 d3 e3
(en (oney (achines (ethods (aterials
So is the management elements that in the mentioned according to e*perts, and there are some elements of management in general describe commonly called with 7 ( in (anagement 12he Si* (8s in (anagement3, including% a.
M n -human !o!l la"or/
he labor force includes both e*ecutive and operative labor. 0n the normal management of human factor is the most decisive. he central point of management is human, because people make goals and he is also the process of activities to achieve the goals he has set it. ithout labor there would be no work processes. 0t8s just that the management itself would not arise if everyone is working for himself alone without the cooperation with the other. (anagement arises because of the people who work together to achieve a common goal. ".
Mon0 -mon0 ndd to achi th d$ird o"cti$/
(oney is an essential element to achieve the objectives in addition to the human factor becomes the most important element 2the most important tool3 and other factors. 0n the modern world which is an important factor as a means of e*change and a measure of value of a business. ) large company is also measured on the amount of money spinning in the company. "ut use the money not only operators, government agencies and foundations as well use it. So the money is needed in every human activity to achieve its objectives. Especially in the implementation of scientific management, attention must be paid earnest against the money factor because everything is taken into account in a rational way that takes into account how much power should be paid, how alar-tools that are re$uired to be purchased and how well the results that can be achieved from an investment. c.
Machin$ -machin$ or tool$ nc$$ar0 to achi th o"cti/
0n any organization, the role of machines as au*iliaries indispensable work. (achines can alleviate and ease in carrying out the work. 9ust keep in mind that the use of the machine is highly dependent on humans, not humans who depend on or even enslaved by the machine. he machine itself would not e*ist if nothing is found, while the finding is human. (achine made is to facilitate or help to achieve the goal of human life. d.
Mthod$ -mthod$ or man$ u$d to accom!li$h goal$/.
'ow, mobilization and supervision. "y way of good work will accelerate and facilitate the implementation of the work. "ut even working methods that have been formulated or set it well, if people are given the task e*ecution is less understood or e*perienced the results will also remain unfavorable. herefore the results of the use : application of a method will depend also on the person.
.
Matrial$ -matrial$ or 3ui!mnt nc$$ar0 to achi th o"cti/.
) man without a material or materials will not be able to achieve the goal he wanted, so that the material elements in management can not be ignored. f.
Markt -a markt to $ll th out!ut 4 good$ !roducd/.
#or a company, marketing products produced are certainly very important for the continuity of the production process of the company itself. he production process of goods to be stopped if the goods produced were not sold or not absorbed by consumers. 0n other words, the market is very important to master in the continuity of the process of the company or industry. herefore, control of the market to distribute the results of production in order to reach the consumers are the decisive ones in the management activities. So that the market can be controlled by the $uality and price of goods must be in accordance with the tastes and purchasing power of consumers. ;ow-$uality goods at a high price will not be sold. his above is the use commerce market in the world. )s for the administration of the State, which became the market is the community 2public3 as a whole, while being the product is in the form of care and services 2service3. hen the people or community has felt that the best possible service from their government the people will also provide the best possible cooperation, or in other words to support the government can run stable. g. Information -Information/
!f course, information is being favored, what is happening in society, etc. 0nformation management is also very important in analyzing products which have been and will be marketed. Seventh element of the management better known as 7 ( < 0, the man, money, material, machine, method, market and information. Each of these have different characteristics. (anagement can not run properly without the seven elements.
2.2. Function$ of Managmnt a. Planning -Planning/
(anagement, planning is the process of defining the organization8s goals, create a strategy to achieve that goal, and develop a plan of work activities of the organization. 5lanning is the most important process of all management functions without planning for other functions-organizing, directing, and controlling-not be able to walk. ". *rgani5ing -organi5ing/
he process concerning how strategies and tactics that have been formulated in the planning designed in an appropriate organizational structure and tough, systems and
organizational environment that is conducive, and can ensure that all parties in the organization to work effectively and efficiently in order to achieve organizational goals. c. 'irction or im!lmntation -Actuating 4 'ircting/
he process of implementation of the program to be e*ecuted by all parties within the organization and motivating process that all parties can carry out their responsibilities with full awareness and high productivity. d. %ontrol and $u!ri$ion -controlling/
he process is carried out to ensure the entire chain of events that have been planned, organized and implemented to run in accordance with e*pectations despite various changes occurring in the business world environment encountered.
2.#. RELATI*N(&IP MANA+EMENT F)N%TI*N AN' ELEMENT(
) manager or leader function - management functions and elements - elements of an integrated management 2integrative3 and comprehensive 2comprehensive3, meaning managers make in achieving the objectives of planning, organizing, controlling all the management elements simultaneously in a single motion simultaneously. 0n the e*ecution of the work, a manager will ask whether that should be planned, driven, monitored and controlled+ if observed from the notion of management object is a person, but in practice all elements of management 27 (3 made the planning, organized, mobilized for its implementation, and controlled to achieve the goal. herefore do% a3 5lanning 25lanning3 to% 5ersonnel, "udget, (aterials, ools, (ethods and (arketing. b3 !rganizing 2!rganizing3 to% 5ersonnel, "udget, (aterials, ools, (ethods and (arketing. c3 (obilization 2)ction3, to% 5ersonnel, "udget, materials, e$uipment, methods and marketing. d3 "udgeting 2"udgeting3 to% 5ersonnel, "udget, (aterials, ools, (ethods and (arketing. e3 =ontrol 2=ontrolling3 to% 5ersonnel, "udget, (aterials, ools, (ethods and (arketing.
%&APTER III %*N%L)(I*N(
A. %onclu$ion
)lthough the e*perts mentioned elements of different management but can we draw conclusions from the contents of the discussion paper on top is. he e*isting management element >, namely% a3 b3 c3 d3 e3 f3 g3
( e n 2human, people, labor3 (oney 2money needed to achieve the desired objectives3 (achines 2machines or tools necessary to achieve the objective3 (ethods 2methods or means used to accomplish goals3 (aterials 2materials or e$uipment necessary to achieve the objective3 (arket 2a market to sell the output : goods produced3 0nformation 20nformation3
(anagement #unctions and conclusions will be% a3 b3 c3 d3 e3
#orecasting 2#orecasting #unction3 5lanning 25lanning #unctions3 !rganizing 2!rganizing #unction3 )ctuating : Directing 2#unction Direction and 0mplementation3 =ontrolling 2(onitoring and =ontrol #unction3
B. ()++E(TI*N
Suggestions for ood readers, the contribution that would help enhance this paper, because the author, be aware that there are many errors in the manufacture of this paper.
D)#)6 5?S)4)
Silalahi, &@@7, 5engantar manajemen , teori dan praktek 9akarta % 6ineka =ipta
Siswanto, '".Dr. AA>. 5engantar manajemenB 9akarta % "umi )ksara