(1) Persons - June 11, 13, 16

(1) Person rsons s (Re (Revie view) – Atty tty. Gal Galas’ as’ Lectur cture es : Jun June 11, 11, 13 13, 16 16 (A (Art 1 – 3 !ew "ivi ivil "o# "o#e) e)

 June 11 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 386 'i 'is Ac Act sa salll e e *no *now wn as as t te +"i +"iv vil "o# "o#e o  o  ARTICLE 1 . te Pili--ines.+ (n)

 'e "ivil "o#e is Re-ulic Re-ulic Act 36. /t too* e0ect on Auust Auust 32, 142. 142. /t was -uli -ulise se# # in June June 1 an# circulate# circulate# in Auust 1. 5y virtue o Article , it too* e0ect one year ater its -ulication. -ulication. /t too* e0ect e0ect a year later, later, Auust 32, 142, 142, ater its -ulication. -ulication.

ARTICLE 2 .

Laws s a all t a* a*e e 0e 0ect a t ter 7teen # ay ays ollowin ollowin  te co8-letion co8-letion o teir teir -ulicati -ulication on in te 9cial Ga$ette Ga$ette or news-a-e news-a-err o eneral eneral circulati circulation on 1, unle unless ss it is oterwise -rovi#e#. 'is "o#e sall ta*e e0ect one year ater suc -ulication. (1a)

 'e -rase ;unless oterwise -rovi#e#< reers to te e0ectivity o te law, werey te law sall ta*e e0ect witout oservin te 14=#ays -erio#, as -rovi#e# or y te law. law. /t can e lentene# or sortene# sortene# #e-en#in on te -rovision. 5ut te re>uire8ent o -ulication is indispensable. /t as to e -ulise#, oterwise, te law is not #ee8e# to ave ta*en e0ect.

Wa! Wa! a"e a"e !# !#se !a! !a! a$ a$e !# be publi ublis se ed% #!e"& #!e"&ise ise%% !e la& sall sall n#! be dee'e dee'ed d !# a$e a$e !a(en e)e*!+ 1.

All statut statutes, es, wete weterr o local local a--licat a--licatio ion n an# -riva -rivate te law, law, or even even -riv -rivat ate e laws laws tat tat av avor a cert certai ain n in#ivi#ual or e?e8-t a -articular entity ro8 oservin cert certai ain n re>u re>uir ire8 e8en ents ts or e?e8-t e8-t ro8 ro8 cert certai ain n -rovisions.

TA,A-A $s. TUERA  'is case involves te ne-ew o te late Pres. @er#in @er#inan# an# %arcos %arcos were were e i88e#ia i88e#iately tely conerre conerre# # citi$ensiciti$ensi - on %icael eon. eon. 'at was not -ulise#. Accor#in to te &u-re8e "ourt, wile it any not a0ect -ulic in eneral, te sa8e as to e -ulise# in or#er or it to e e0ective. .

5an* 5an*o o &entral &entral n Pili-i Pili-inas nas (5&P) (5&P) "ircul "ircular ar as well as B?ecutive 9r#ers tat are -unitive in caracter 8ust e -ulise# in or#er to e e0ective. Cow aout #ecisions o te &u-re8e "ourtD

-ERO/ $s. COURT #0 APPEAL 14 CRA 445 /n tis tis case case,, te te cour courtt el# el# tat tat ter tere e is no law law re>uiri re>uirin n -ulicat -ulication ion o &u-re8e &u-re8e "ourt "ourt #ecision #ecisions s eore eore tey tey can e in#i in#in n as a con#i con#itio tion n eor eore e eco8i eco8in n e0ect e0ective ive.. /t is te oun#en oun#en #uty #uty o a lawyer lawyer to *ee*eeareast wit te latest #ecisions o te &u-re8e "ourt. /n tis case o Ee Roy vs. "ourt o A--eals, te lawyer 7le# a 8otion or e?tension o ti8e to 7le or 8otion or reconsi#eration. Acco Accor# r#in in  to te te &u-r &u-re8 e8e e "our "ourtt tat tat tis tis is not not allowe#, tis 7lin o e?tension o ti8e to 7le or 8otion or reconsi#eration. reconsi#eration.  'e lawyer sai# tat it #oes not a0ect is case ecause te case o Habaluyas2 was -ulise# ater tey a# 7le# te 8otion. 5ut te &u-re8e "ourt sai# no ecause tere is no law re>uirin te -ulication o &u-re8e "ourt #ecisions.  Fou  Fou are a -racticin lawyer an# tus, you soul# e areast wit te #ecisions o te &u-re8e "ourt. Cow aout or#inancesD or#inancesD 9r#inances 9r#inances are not not covere# covere# y Article Article . 9r#in 9r#inanc ances es are over overne# ne# y te Local Local Govern8ent co#e.

ARTICL ARTICLE E 3.

/nor /noranc ance e o te law e?cus e?cuses es no one ro8 ro8 co8-liance terewit.

1 2

As amended by Executive Order 200

 Actually, De Roy ang sabi ni ma’am .. naconfuse ao, aya gic!ec o ang full text .. !e!e

Ja$$i a$$ie e %. &aron arona a ( %anr anresa) sa)

Article 3 a--lies only to local laws, not to orein laws. /t a--l a--lie ies s only only to 8an# 8an#at ator ory y or -ro -roi iit itive ive laws laws,, not not -er8issive or su--letory laws. e #o not ta*e Hu#icial Hu#icial notice o orein orein laws ecause orein laws are 8atters o act an# tey 8ust e allee# an# -rove# eore eore we ta*e Hu#icial Hu#icial notice o tat orein law. law. &o, actual 8atters 8ust e -lea#e# an# -rove# eore our courts. 9terwise, i te orein law cannot e -rove#, ten, you PRINCIPLE O PROCEU PROCEUAL AL PREU7PTION PREU7PTION, a--l a--ly y te te PRINCIPLE wereo te law o te orein country is te sa8e as our laws.  'a*e  'a*e note tat Article 3 cannot e a--lie# to wit e>ual orce wit 8inors. 8inors. %inors occu-y occu-y a -rivilee# -osition -osition eore our laws. !eiter #oes it a--ly to laws susce-tile o  or 8ore inter-retations.  'e avorite avorite case un#er inorance inorance o te law: law:

7ANANO $s. ANC9E  'is reers to a Hu#e wo sole8ni$e# a 8arriae, 8arriae, wo also also notar notari$e i$e# # an a#av a#avit it e?ecu e?ecute te# # y te -arti -arties es to te 8arriae were tey state# tey live# toeter as usan# an# wie or 8ore tan I years an# tereore, tey are no loner loner re>uire# re>uire# ro8 ettin ettin a 8arria 8arriae e license. license. at was also state# in te a#avit was tat tey were se-arate# ro8 teir res-ective s-ouses or 8ore tan I years. An# it was te Hu#e i8sel wo notari$e# te a#avit.  'e &u-re8e "ourt sai# tat te res-on#ent res-on#ent cannot ta*e reue on te Hoint a#avit tat tey a# een coaitin as usan usan# # an# wie wie or I years years.. &e-ara &e-aratio tion n #oes not sever sever 8arriae, no 8atter ow lon tey ave een se-arate#.  'e Hu#e ere #e8onstrate# #e8onstrate# ross inorance o te law wen e sole8ni$e# a voi# an# ia8ous 8arriae. %ost o te cases involvin Article 3 woul# involve Hu#es. Go to your Hu#icial etics  Laws Laws sal salll av ave e no no ret retro roac acti tive ve e0ec e0ect, t, unle unless ss te te ARTICLE :. contrary is -rovi#e#.

!ow, we ave te a--lication o laws.  'e eneral law is tat laws are -ros-ectively -ros-ectively e0ective. e0ective.  'ey ave -ros-ective -ros-ective a--lication a--lication as as a eneral rule. rule.  'o  'o ol# oterwise woul# e to -reHu#ice -reHu#ice veste# rits, create new ur#ens or oliations or i8-air rits tat are alrea#y e?istin. &o, laws enerally ave -ros-ective a--lication. e;*ep!i#ns s &e"e &e"e !e la& 5ut 5ut o cour course se,, ter tere e are are e;*ep!i#n i!sel0 'a< be =i$en "e!"#a*!i$e appli*a!i#n : 1. / te law is re8e#ial in nature 5ein 5ein a rule rule o -roce -roce#ur #ure, e, no veste veste# # rits rits sall e -reHu#ice#, as wat was enunciate# y te &u-re8e "ourt in te case o Atien$a vs. 5rillantes.

ATIENA $s. BRILLANTE% JR. 2:3 CRA 325  'e 7rst 8arriae 8arriae was celerate# celerate# wen te "ivil "o#e was still still in e0ect. An# te Hu#e sai# sai# te 7rst 8arriae 8arriae is voi# ro8 te einnin einnin  ecause ecause it was celerate# celerate# witout te re>uire# re>uire# 8arria 8arriae e license. license. An# tere tere is notin notin in te "ivil "o#e tat re>uires a #eclaration o nullity o a voi# 8arriae.  'is is true.  'is was re>uire# re>uire# in Article 2 o te @a8ily "o#e were tere is a nee# or a Hu#icial #eclaration o nullity o -revious voi# 8arriae. /n tis case, it was arue# tat e #oes not ave to otain a #eclaration o nullity o a -revious voi# 8arriae ecause te 7rst 8arriae 8arriae was celerate# celerate# un#er un#er te "ivil "o#e. "o#e. An# tis is only true un#er Article 2 o te @a8ily "o#e.  'e &u-re8e "ourt sai# tat Article 2 o te @a8ily @a8ily "o#e is a--licale to 8arriaes entere# into ater te e0ectivity o  te @a8ily @a8ily "o#e on Auust 3, 1 rear#less rear#less o te #ate o  te 7rst 8arria 8arriae. e. 5esi#es 5esi#es,, Article 46 o te @a8ily @a8ily "o#e "o#e -rov -rovi#e i#es s tat tat te "o#e "o#e is iven iven retr retroac oacti tive ve e0ect e0ect unless unless veste# rits o tir# tir# -ersons sall sall e -reHu#ice#. -reHu#ice#. 'ere is a -rovision in te @a8ily "o#e -rovi#es or its retroactivity. Article 2 is a rule o -roce#ure. -roce#ure. 5rillantes as as not sown any veste# rit tat was i8-aire# y te a--lication o Article 2. . Penal laws -rovi#e# tat:

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