PIR Sensor based Security Alarm System Generally, in security systems, infrared or laser transmitters and receivers are used. But these methods are cost effective. This article explains about PIR based security system in hich PIR sensor is used instead of transmitter or receiver. This saves the poer consumption and is lo cost. PIR sensor is the short form of Passive Infrared Sensor. PIR Sensor based Security Alarm Circuit Principle: Pr inciple:
The main principle of the circuit is to provide security. This is based on PIR sensor ith an I! that produces siren. The PIR sensor detects the IR radiations emitted from the humans and it produces a di"ital output. This di"ital output is applied to the #$ %&'( siren I!. Thus it produces the sound hen any human is detected. The #$%&'( is a R)$ I!. It "enerates multi siren tones li*e ambulance siren, fire en"ine siren, police siren, machine "un sound. PIR Sensor based Security Securit y Alarm Circuit Diagram:
PIR Sensor based Security Securit y Alarm Circuit Diagram
Circuit Components: •
PIR sensor
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#$%&'( siren I!
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Transistor +P-
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Resistors R(, R, R%, R/.
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Spea*er 0 )hms
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Battery
PIR Sensor based Security Alarm Circuit Design:
The proposed system mainly consists of PIR sensor, #$%&'( I!, Spea*er, transistors. The #$%&(' I! is a Siren "enerator I!. It has 0 pins. 1ifth and sixth pins are shorted and are connected to the PIR sensor output throu"h a resistor. )ne end of the 23 resistor is connected to the seventh pin of the I! and the other end is connected to the ei"hth pin of the I!. The first pin and the sixth pin are tone selection pins and these pins decide the tone to be produced. )utput is ta*en from the third pin of the I!. It is connected to a spea*er throu"h a resistor and transistor. The base of the transistor is connected to the output of the I! throu"h a resistor of /42 ohms. 5mitter pin is connected to the "round hile transistor is connected to the collector. A battery is connected to the spea*er and /42 ohm resistor. Working of PIR Sensor based Security Alarm System:
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Sitch on the circuit initially.
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The PIR sensor is poered and it detects the IR rays emitted from any human.
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This PIR sensor has a ran"e of &meters. )ne can ad6ust the pot provided for the sensor to vary this distance.
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7hen any human is detected, this PIR sensor outputs a lo"ic hi"h value i.e. volta"e of %.&v to &v.
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This volta"e is applied as input to the siren "enerator I!.
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The siren "enerator has an oscillator internally, to produce the sound.
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The oscillator circuit is tuned to a certain fre8uency and usin" a 23 resistor externally.
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Then it is passed to the control circuit, hich depends on tone selection pins.
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These tone selection pins decide one tone from different tones produced by the I!.
(2. Thus oscillations alon" ith selected tone are sent to the address counter. The address counter then sends the data to the R)$. ((. R)$ then sends the tone on the output pin %. (. The output is "iven to the P transistor to amplify the siren. (%. The base of the transistor "ets volta"e from output pin of the siren "enerator. (/. Transistor starts conductin" hen it "ets the cutoff volta"e at the base and the spea*er is ne"ative pin and is connected to the "round. (&. Thus sound produced can be heard from the spea*er hen human is detected. ('. In the present circuit, it produces fire en"ine sound. PIR Sensor Based Security Alarm System Applications: •
This can be used in the museums to protect the valuable thin"s.
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This can also be used as an automatic door bell circuit that rings the bell when human is detected.
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This can be used in defense applications to detect the humans in ar field.
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This can be used in toy applications that produce sound.
Limitations of tis Circuit: •
PIR sensor pot should be ad6usted in such a ay to detect the humans only.
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This can detect the human only ithin its ran"e of & meters.
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Super Sensitive Intruder Alarm This circuit is desi"ned to alert the user hen an intruder enters into the home. If there is any obstacle in front of IR sensor, it "enerates an interrupt si"nal. This interrupt si"nal is "iven to the spea*er to alert the user. Super Sensiti!e Intruder Alarm Circuit Principle:
IR transmitter alays emits the IR +Infrared- rays hich have to be received by IR receiver. 7hen there is an obstacle in front of IR sensor, the transmitted IR rays are reflected bac* to the IR receiver. The output of )p
The output of &&& timer is lo hen input volta"e applied at pin / of &&& timer is lo. 7hen input volta"e at pin / is hi"h, then &&& timer produces the fre8uency hich can be ad6usted by the different value combinations of resistors R(, R and capacitor !%. •
)bstacle Present = IR Receiver Receives IR Rays = )pi"h = &&& RST Pin >i"h = Spea*er Produces the Sound.
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o )bstacle = IR Receiver does not Receive the Rays = )p
The output of 5&&& is filtered by the (u1 capacitor and fed to the spea*er. $any IR sensors are arran"ed in house at different locations. The outputs of all these sensors are "iven to R5S5T pin of common &&& timer. 7hen any sensor detects the intruder, the reset pin of &&& timer becomes hi"h and spea*er ill produce the sound. Super Sensitie Intruder Alarm Circuit Diagram:
Super Sensitie Intruder Alarm Circuit Diagram Circuit Components: •
5&&& timer
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?$%&0 op
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Pot @ (2*, /.4*
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IR transmitter
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IR receiver
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Red led
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!eramic capacitors @ 2.(u1, 2.2(u1
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5lectrolytic capacitor @ (u1, ('v
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Resistors @ (2*, (22, R/,R&
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resistors @ %%2 ohm
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Spea*er
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Battery
Super Sensiti!e Intruder Alarm Circuit Design: 555 Timer: >ere &&& timer acts as a free runnin" oscillator. It ill "enerate the
fre8uency hen hi"h pulse is applied at R5S5T pin. The "enerated fre8uency of &&& timer varied by varyin" resistor values R/, R& or by varyin" the capacitor value !%. >ere Pin and pin ' of &&& timer are shorted to allo the tri""erin" after every timin" cycle. In this circuit, capacitor !% char"es throu"h the resistors R/, R& and dischar"es throu"h the resistor R&. !"#5$ %p&Amp:
!"#5$ %p&Amp
I1 ( then )P C >IG> I1 ( then )P C ?)7 ?$%&0 I! consists of to operational amplifiers. 5ach )p< amp has to inputs +invertin" and non @ invertin"- and one output. The op @ amp output is hi"h hen non< invertin" volta"e is "reater than the invertin" volta"e and it is lo hen invertin" volta"e is "reater than non invertin" volta"e. IR Transmitter: The operatin" volta"e of transmitter is around to %, to drop the
remainin" volta"e e connect a resistor in series ith IR led. IR Receier: It is alays used in reverse bias. It almost acts as a closed circuit hen it
receives IR rays and it has hi"h resistance hen it does not receive any IR rays. "o# to $perate Super Sensiti!e Intruder Alarm Circuit% •
Give the connections accordin" to the circuit dia"ram.
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!onnect & supply to the circuit.
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o place the obstacle in front of IR sensor then spea*er produces the sound.
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Remove the obstacle no you ill not "et any sound.
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Disconnect the battery from the circuit.
Super Sensiti!e Intruder Alarm Circuit Applications: •
This circuit is used in homes and offices for security purpose.
!ircuit ?imitations: •
This circuit produces the sound even if there is any non
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Abstract Category: 'ngineering Course ( Degree: BSc 5lectronic 5n"ineerin" Institution ( )niersity: <7.1.P #5T Peshaar Abbotabad !ampus, Pa*istan Published in: 2(2
Report Abstract ( Summary:
7ith the immense increase in crime rate throu"hout the orld, there is an intensive need of security. 5very individual feels insecure E ants his personal as ell as his surroundin" life to be peaceful and secured. A lot of or* has been done in this re"ard. ery efficient security systems have been desi"ned but peace and security is still a 8uestion that needs to be ansered. )ur aim of pro6ect is to desi"n a security E surveillance system ith maximum efficiency. )ur prototype performs to main tas*sF first one is the Surveillance of the surroundin" E second tas* is to ta*e Security measures in case of any intrusion. There are also to modes of operation of our system. Day mode in day time hile ni"ht mode in the absence of security administrator. The surveillance system operates only in day mode in hich the Security administrator ill monitor and control all the system, hile the security portion is enabled to operate both in day mode and ni"ht mode. 7e implemented the surveillance portion usin" a eb cam instead of hi"h cost surveillance camera. The camera has the ability to move (022 and it is monitored by security administrator at day time throu"h an application developed in isual Basic.et. The security measure system includes $ovement sensors, Basic electronics and microcontroller. The movement sensors implemented on ?DRs have the ability to avoid intrusion. This system alerts the administrator usin" GS$ technolo"y if the administrator cannot monitor the system /;4 from the control room. )ur next "oal ill be to introduce R1IDs in our surveillance system. #sin" R1ID e ill be able to ac8uire data, process and store all the data re"ardin" every individual, vehicle and other costly e8uipments +li*e in labs and library-. As R1ID ta*es the data of entrance and exit time of every individual, e can also have a record of attendance and or*in" hours of every student and staff member. 7e ill pro"ram a complete database for all the information re"ardin" re"istered users, visitors and any vehicle. http:;;.thesisabstracts.com;ThesisAbstract%&2Security<
Intrusion Alarm System made by Integraded Security and Automation *Inc. +Philippines,
Intrusion Alarm System is a system that detects and;or prevent brea*ome $ode, Sleep $ode and aay $ode.
-ome "ode
$ove freely inside your home, *noin" protected perimeter doors and indos ill si"nal an alarm if an intruder opens them. Sleep "ode
In addition to the protection provided by the home mode, Sleep activates protection areas inside your home that remain unoccupied throu"hout the ni"ht. Away "ode
7hen everyone leaves the home, the aay mode fully activates your security system for complete protection, inside and outH http:;;.isa.com.ph;intrusionalarmsystem.php
