CARLOS MALPICA SILVA SANTISTEBAN
Chota, 1929 – Lima, 1993): Polítio ! "#$ol%io&a"io, '%# 'i"m# (#'#&o" (# la "#'o"ma a*"a"ia ! (# lo "#%"o &at%"al#+ Et%(i #& #l Col#*io Milita" L#o&io P"a(o ! (#-%. #& la E%#la Naio&al (# A*"i%lt%"a #& Lima+ T"a % o-oii& al -ato (#l APRA o& #l *o/i#"&o (# P"a(o, i#&(o (i-%ta(o -o" Ca0ama"a 194192), '%# #5-%la(o (#l -a"ti(o #& 199 o& ot"o milita&t# o& 6%i#&# 'o"m #l Mo$imi#&to (# I76%i#"(a R#$ol%io&a"ia 192), 6%# im-%l la *%#""illa "%"al# #& 19+ 8%# #l#*i(o mi#m/"o (# la Aam/l#a Co&tit%!#&t# #& 19 ! $a"ia $## #&a(o" -o" #l Pa"ti(o ;&i'ia(o Ma"iat#*%ita # I76%i#"(a ;&i(a #&t"# 19< ! 1992+ =#0o &%m#"oa o/"a omo: >?%#""a a m%#"t# al lati'%&(io@ >Lo (%#o (#l P#"@ >C"&ia (#l ham/"# #& #l P#"@ >El mito (# la a!%(a #5t#"io"@ >P#t"l#o ! o""%-i&@ >El -o(#" #o&mio #& #l P#"@ >La C"&ia (# am/"# #& #l P#"@ >PD0a"o (# Alto V%#lo@, #&t"# ot"a+ Ca"lo Mal-ia Sil$a Sa&tit#/a&, ím/olo (# la l%ha a&tio""%-i& ! la mo"ali7ai&, -a"ti a la i&mo"tali(a( o& la /a&(#"a (# la ho&"a(#7, o&a*"a(a a lo i(#al# (# la 0%tiia oial ! la #6%i(a( #& #l P#"+ 8%# %& -olítio (i'#"#&t#, %& hom/"# ho m/"# %!a $i(a #t%$o o&a*"a(a a lo i(#al# (# la $#"(a( ! la t"a&-a"#&ia #& "#%m#&, %& hom/"# (# $i(a i&t#&a ! om-"om#ti(a o& la $i(a (#l P#" ! la (#'#&a (# lo i&t#"## (# la -at"ia '"#&t# a la o""%-i&+ C#l#/"amo al hom/"# a*%(o ! t#&a7, al /%#& -a("#, al #5#l#&t# #-oo, al ami*o #&t"aa/l#, al -olítio (# -ol#&(a, al >o&*"#ita (# l%0o #& %al6%i#" -aí (#l m%&(o@, omo hito"ia(o"# &aio&al# ha& (iho (# .l, ! al milita&t# im-"#i&(i/l#, om-a#"o i&a&a/l# #& mil 0o"&a(a (# l%ha+ S% (i$#"i(a( # #&o"m#, ! -o" #llo &o "#'#"imo #&t"alm#&t# al -olítio, a ## 0o$#& milita&t#, "#$ol%io&a"io, (#t#&i(o, -"#o, "#/#l(#, (i-%ta(o, o&tit%!#&t#, #&a(o" Mal-ia -#"#*%i(o, "#&o$a(o", (ii-li&a(o, o"*a&i7a(o, (#-o"ta(o al Ma"iat#*%ita o&#%#&t# hata #l ltimo (ía (# % $i(a #l 6%# o&t"%!, >i& alo &i o-ia@, la a'i"mai& (# %& >oialimo holo@+
Mal-ia '%# (# 'amilia ! -a("# a-"ita, milit (#(# 0o$#& #& #l APRA "#$ol%io&a"ia '%# -#"#*%i(o (%"a&t# mD (# %&a (.a(a, ( .a(a, (#t#&i(o ! -"#o #& #l Pa&-tio, #l S#5to ! El
CARLOS MALPICA SILVA SANTISTEBAN
Chota, 1929 – Lima, 1993): Polítio ! "#$ol%io&a"io, '%# 'i"m# (#'#&o" (# la "#'o"ma a*"a"ia ! (# lo "#%"o &at%"al#+ Et%(i #& #l Col#*io Milita" L#o&io P"a(o ! (#-%. #& la E%#la Naio&al (# A*"i%lt%"a #& Lima+ T"a % o-oii& al -ato (#l APRA o& #l *o/i#"&o (# P"a(o, i#&(o (i-%ta(o -o" Ca0ama"a 194192), '%# #5-%la(o (#l -a"ti(o #& 199 o& ot"o milita&t# o& 6%i#&# 'o"m #l Mo$imi#&to (# I76%i#"(a R#$ol%io&a"ia 192), 6%# im-%l la *%#""illa "%"al# #& 19+ 8%# #l#*i(o mi#m/"o (# la Aam/l#a Co&tit%!#&t# #& 19 ! $a"ia $## #&a(o" -o" #l Pa"ti(o ;&i'ia(o Ma"iat#*%ita # I76%i#"(a ;&i(a #&t"# 19< ! 1992+ =#0o &%m#"oa o/"a omo: >?%#""a a m%#"t# al lati'%&(io@ >Lo (%#o (#l P#"@ >C"&ia (#l ham/"# #& #l P#"@ >El mito (# la a!%(a #5t#"io"@ >P#t"l#o ! o""%-i&@ >El -o(#" #o&mio #& #l P#"@ >La C"&ia (# am/"# #& #l P#"@ >PD0a"o (# Alto V%#lo@, #&t"# ot"a+ Ca"lo Mal-ia Sil$a Sa&tit#/a&, ím/olo (# la l%ha a&tio""%-i& ! la mo"ali7ai&, -a"ti a la i&mo"tali(a( o& la /a&(#"a (# la ho&"a(#7, o&a*"a(a a lo i(#al# (# la 0%tiia oial ! la #6%i(a( #& #l P#"+ 8%# %& -olítio (i'#"#&t#, %& hom/"# ho m/"# %!a $i(a #t%$o o&a*"a(a a lo i(#al# (# la $#"(a( ! la t"a&-a"#&ia #& "#%m#&, %& hom/"# (# $i(a i&t#&a ! om-"om#ti(a o& la $i(a (#l P#" ! la (#'#&a (# lo i&t#"## (# la -at"ia '"#&t# a la o""%-i&+ C#l#/"amo al hom/"# a*%(o ! t#&a7, al /%#& -a("#, al #5#l#&t# #-oo, al ami*o #&t"aa/l#, al -olítio (# -ol#&(a, al >o&*"#ita (# l%0o #& %al6%i#" -aí (#l m%&(o@, omo hito"ia(o"# &aio&al# ha& (iho (# .l, ! al milita&t# im-"#i&(i/l#, om-a#"o i&a&a/l# #& mil 0o"&a(a (# l%ha+ S% (i$#"i(a( # #&o"m#, ! -o" #llo &o "#'#"imo #&t"alm#&t# al -olítio, a ## 0o$#& milita&t#, "#$ol%io&a"io, (#t#&i(o, -"#o, "#/#l(#, (i-%ta(o, o&tit%!#&t#, #&a(o" Mal-ia -#"#*%i(o, "#&o$a(o", (ii-li&a(o, o"*a&i7a(o, (#-o"ta(o al Ma"iat#*%ita o&#%#&t# hata #l ltimo (ía (# % $i(a #l 6%# o&t"%!, >i& alo &i o-ia@, la a'i"mai& (# %& >oialimo holo@+
Mal-ia '%# (# 'amilia ! -a("# a-"ita, milit (#(# 0o$#& #& #l APRA "#$ol%io&a"ia '%# -#"#*%i(o (%"a&t# mD (# %&a (.a(a, ( .a(a, (#t#&i(o ! -"#o #& #l Pa&-tio, #l S#5to ! El
8"o&t&+ 8#li-# (# L%io ! ?%ill#"mo Mi"a&(a, #& la "##a /io*"D'ia (# Ca"lo, #ala& 6%# la D"#l# (# #&to&# #ta/a& "##"$a(a -a"a -olítio (# o-oii&, omo lo o&tat Ca"lo Mal-ia+ 8%# %& hom/"# (# #&#"*ía $ital (#(# % 0%$#&t%(, 6%# i&ii % a""#"a -olítia a lo 1 ao, i#&(o (i"i*#&t# #t%(ia&til+ M%! t#m-"a&am#&t# '%# #l#*i(o (i-%ta(o -o" Ca0ama"a, #& la lita (#l Pa"ti(o A-"ita, -a"a #l -#"io(o 1942+ Si& #m/a"*o, &o #%&( la ola/o"ai& (#l A-"a o& #l -"#i(#&t# Ma&%#l P"a(o, ! -a a la o-oii& #ala&(o #l a"Dt#" oli*D"6%io (#l ".*im#&+ A/o* -o" la &aio&ali7ai& (#l -#t"l#o, la *"a& mi&#"ía ! la "#'o"ma a*"a"ia+ a*"a" ia+ El Pa"ti(o A-"ita (#i(i % #5-%li& #& la VI Co&$#&i& (# ot%/"# (# 199+ F%&to a .l, -olítiam#&t#, # #&o&t"a/a& L%i (# la P%#&t# ;#(a, ?o&7alo 8#"&D&(#7 8# "&D&(#7 ?ao, Ma&%#l Pita, MD5imo V#la&(o, V#la&(o, L%i Oli$#"a Balma#(a, Galt#" Galt#" Palaio, Elio Po"toa""#"o, L%i I/."io ! $a"ia (##&a (# (i"i*#&t#, o/"#"o, am-#i&o ! #t%(ia&t#+ E& /a# a #t# *"%-o (# milita&t# # "#a #l >Comit. A-"ita (# =#'#&a (# lo P"i&i-io =ot"i&a"io ! (# la =#mo"aia I&t#"&a@+ E& ma!o (# 19< # o&tit%! #l A-"a R#/#l(#, -a"a toma" #l &om/"# #& 192 (# Mo$imi#&to (# I76%i#"(a R#$ol%io&a"ia MIR)+ El MIR -#"%a&o ! #l MIR $#ola&o o&tit%!#& lo -"im#"o -a"ti(o -olítio (# la &%#$a i76%i#"(a ma"5ita a &i$#l o&ti&#&tal+ Et%(ioo (# la $i(a (# Ca"lo Mal-ia #ala& 6%# la l%ha h#"oia (# la Com%&i(a( I&(í*#&a (# Ch#-.& ! la (# lo O/"#"o (# la ai#&(a Caa*"a&(# #& #l (#-a"tam#&to (# La Li/#"ta( o& lo a&t##(#&t# a*"a"io mD "#alta&t# (#l &%#$o MIR+ E& 191, #l (i-%ta(o Ca"lo Mal-ia -"##&t al Pa"lam#&to #l P"o!#to (# L#! (# R#'o"ma A*"a"ia+ A'"o&t "#l%i& #& la olo&ial -#&al (#l S#-a #& 193 ! #& El 8"o&t& #& 19 -o" -"#%&ta -a"tii-ai& #& #l o&ato *%#""ill#"o 6%# (i"i*i L%i (# la P%#&t# ;#(a+ E& 19 #l *#&#"al V#lao lo (#-o"t a A"*#&ti&a+ E& 19 '%# a#(ia(o -oliialm#&t# -o" Mo"al# B#"m(#7 -o" % "#-o&a/ili(a( "#-o& a/ili(a( #& lo mo$imi#&to "#i$i&(iati$o (# la 8#(#"ai& (# P#a(o"# -#"ma&#i#&(o #& la la&(#ti&i(a( ai %& ao+ 8%# #l#*i(o mi#m/"o (# la Aam/l#a Co&tit%!#&t# #& 19 -o" la lita (# la ;&i(a( =#mo"Dtia Po-%la" ;=P)+ Pot%l -o" la ;=P a la -"#i(#&ia #& 19<+ E& 19< '%#
#l#*i(o #&a(o" -o" #l Pa"ti(o ;&i'ia(o Ma"iat#*%ita P;M)+ Pa"tii- #& la '%&(ai& (#l P;M, o&'l%#&ia (# Va&*%a"(ia Va&*%a"(ia R#$ol%io&a"ia VR), #l Pa"ti(o Com%&ita R#$ol%io&a"io PCR) ! #l Mo$imi#&to (# I76%i#"(a R#$ol%io&a"ia MIR)+ 8%# #&a(o" #& #l i*%i#&t# -#"io(o 49< ! "##l#*i(o #& #l 9<492 #& la 'ila (# la I76%i#"(a ;&i(a+ S% /a&(#"a #&t"al '%# la mo"ali7ai& a(mi&it"ati$a+ 8%# %& t#&a7 -#"#*%i(o" (# la o""%-i&, i&mo"ali(a( i& mo"ali(a( ! la (#'#&a (# lo i&t#"## -o-%la"# #& lo t#ma #o&mio ! -"#%-%#tal#+ Sim%ltD&#am#&t# a % a""#"a -olítia #0#"i la Dt#("a %&i$#"ita"ia, '%# %& i&*#&i#"o a*"&omo o& (omi&io (#l t#ma mi&#"o ! o& %&a ati$i(a( #(ito"ial '#%&(a+ =# % li/"o mD o&oi(o: >Lo =%#o (#l P#"@, -o(#mo (#i" 6%#, al$o lo > #&a!o@ (# Fo. Ca"lo Ma"iDt#*%i, &i&*& ot"o #&a!o (# #o&omía oial ! -olítia ha t#&i(o tal &i$#l (# ao*i(a+ =#(# >La C"&ia (# am/"# #& #l P#"@, hata % ltima o/"a >PD0a"o (# Alto V%#lo@, Ca"lo Mal-ia &o (#0a %&a h#"#&ia #&o"m# ! '#%&(a, -a"a a""i/a" 0%&to a la o&t"%i& (# %&a Pat"ia -a"a to(o ! to(a o, omo .l (i"ía, -a"a 6%# >ha*amo (# lo -o/"# lo (%#o (#l P#"+ E5-"#amo &%#t"o -/lio "#o&oimi#&to al -a"lam#&ta"io '#%&(o, al #-í"it% "ítio (# "#'l#5i& -"#$ia ! (o%m#&ta(a, al hom/"# (# "it#"io #*%"o # i&$#ti*a(o" -"oli0o, al i&'ati*a/l# /%a(o" (# la $#"(a(, al 'iali7a(o" im-laa/l# (# lo ato (# i&mo"ali(a( #& #l ma�o -/lio, al t#&a7 (#'#&o" (# lo "#%"o &at%"al#+ Al hom/"# (# i&m#&a ali(a( h%ma&a, .tia ! mo"al, (# *"a& #-í"it% olita"io+
LOS DOCE APOSTOLES
HEtD am/ia&(o #l -o(#" #o&mio #& #l P#" A i&iio (# lo ao < # -%/li -o" -"im#"a $#7 #l li/"o 6%# lo*"a"ía #l ma!o" &m#"o (# "##(iio&# #& #l P#"+
+ MD 6%# lo >Si#t# E&a!oJ@ o 6%# >La Ci%(a( ! lo P#""o@+ S% a%to", #l i&*#&i#"o Ca"lo Mal-ia Sil$a Sa&tit#/a&, ! #l tít%lo (#l t"a/a0o, >Lo =%#o (#l P#"@+ ;&a o/"a o&ia, a"*a(a (# i&'o"mai&, #& la 6%# # -o(ía (#%/"i" 6%i.& #"a 6%i.& #& #l m%&(o (#l (i&#"o (#l -aí 6%# # aoma/a a la mo(#"&i(a(, ll#$a&(o to(a$ía a %#ta %&a -#a(a a"*a (# -aa(o oli*D"6%io ! (# #l#m#&to (# '#%(ali(a(+ La 'amoa 'amilia (%#a (# hai#&(a, o&#ta(a o& lo /a&o ! la a#*%"a(o"a, -"o-i#ta"ia (# t#""#&o %"/a&o ! (# la o&ta(a i&(%t"ia #ta/a& m#&io&a(a %&a a %&a o& &om/"# ! a-#lli(o+ E&to&# o&a/a& lo P"a(o, A-ílla*a, Ri7o Pat"&, (# la Pi#("a ! ot"o+ El *#&#"al V#lao ! lo milita"# "#'o"mita (#l al , (#/#& ha/#" t#&i(o m%! #& %#&ta #to (ato #& $a"ia (# % mD im-o"ta&t# (#iio&#+ Po" #0#m-lo #& la "#'o"ma a*"a"ia, la &aio&ali7aio&# (# #m-"#a -#t"ol#"a, mi&#"a, /a&o ! -"#ta(o"a (# #"$iio t#l#'o&ía, #l#t"ii(a( ! ot"a)+ El h#ho # 6%# al"#(#(o" (# la mita( (# lo <, %&a (.a(a (#-%. (# #""a(a la "#$ol%i& milita", #l mimo Mal-ia 'all#i #& 1993+ K # #*%"o 6%# #& % (ía 'i&al# #ta/a #&t"#$i#&(o 6%# % ma!o" o/"a # (#at%ali7a/a &%#$am#&t#+ 8"a&io =%"a&( ha #5-lia(o 6%# (# lo 12 a-tol# -"i&i-al# 6%#(a& olam#&t# t"#: Rom#"o, B"#ia ! B#&a$i(#+ P#"o lo mD im-o"ta&t# # 6%# la #m-"#a mD *"a&(# ! '%#"t# ha& $%#lto a #" #5t"a&0#"a, %/o"(i&a&(o (# (i$#"a 'o"ma al a-ital &aio&al, mi#&t"a #l Eta(o ha i(o ai #limi&a(o omo ato" #m-"#a"ial4#o&mio+ o! #l *"%-o mD -o(#"oo # T#l#'&ia o& %&a o&t#lai& (# oho #m-"#a 6%# "#-o&(#& a % (i"#ti$a+ Ot"o i&$#"io&ita la$# o& Ka&aoha N#mo&t (# EE;; ! B#&a$i(#) #*%&(a #m-"#a (#l o"o a &i$#l m%&(ial Co&o"io Cami#a4T?P So%th#"& A&tami&a, #t+ E& la /a&a #tD& #l C".(ito Rom#"o), Co&ti&#&tal BBVA4E-aa ! B"#ia), Sotia/a& a/o"/i al Gi##), I&t#"/a& B#&a$i(# ! a-ital# (# Eta(o ;&i(o)+
E& la (i-%ta #&t"# &aio&al#, #l *"%-o 6%# ha toma(o la a/##"a # #l B"#ia: /a&a, #*%"o, -#a, t#5til#, i&mo/ilia"ia ! ot"o+ Rom#"o o%-a #l #*%&(o l%*a"+ 8i&alm#&t# #tD #l ao (# lo &%#$o 'oo (# -o(#" omo #l (# la A8P 6%# #& lo -"5imo ao #ta"D mo$ili7a&(o ai ta&to (i&#"o omo #l -"#%-%#to &aio&al+ El a-ital # ha "#aomo(a(o o& la -"i$ati7aio&#, la "#'o"ma ! la a-#"t%"a, ! #l a%*# #5-o"ta(o"+ LOS 12 APOSTOLES
1+ B#&a$i(# B%#&a$#&t%"a) aoia(o a EMN) 2+ B#&ti& Ba%) om-"a(o -o" Ba$a"ia 3+ B"#ia Mi&%", Ríma) aoia(o a EMN) + =#l*a(o Pa"#" Pa&am#"ia&a) m%! (#/ilita(o) + 8#""#!"o E+ 8#""#!"o) + Nioli&i Nioli&i &o+) a/o"/i(o -o" Rom#"o + La&ataPia**io Pil#&) a/o"/i(o -o" B#&tí& + Ola#h#a Taama, Bo (# Lima) $#&(# /a&o 9+ Piao Sali&a Vita Al#*"#) 6%i#/"a -a"ial 1<+ Ra''o Sa& C"ito/al) 11+ Rom#"o BCP, Alio"-) 12+ Gi## A8+ Gi##, BoGi##) 6%i#/"a /a&o Ot"o ?"%-o (# Po(#" Eo&mio -#"%a&o: 13+ A"ia Sa& I*&+ (# Mo"ooha) om-"a(o -o" EMN 1+?ali Si&(iato P#6%#"o) (#/ilita(o 1+?"aa ! Mo&t#"o (#/ilita(o
1+L%io&i Ca"a 6%i#/"a /a&o 1+Pia77a Coa-i) (#/ilita(o 1+Ro("í*%#7 ?lo"ia) 19+Go&* E+ Go&*, Pa"amo&*a)
>Lo (%#o (#l P#"@ Lo =%#o (#l P#", # %&a o/"a '%&(am#&tal -a"a lo a%a(o"# (#l -o(#" ! la o&#&t"ai& (# "i6%#7a+ E o/"# la /a# (# #ta o/"a 6%# # ha& "#ali7a(o i&$#ti*aio&# a#"a (#l (#a""ollo (# lo #&io&a(o *"%-o (# -o(#", % #$ol%io&# ! t"a&'o"maio&# (#a-a"iio&# #& al*%&o ao o im-l#m#&t# 6%i#/"a+ El h#ho # 6%# &o ha! a&t##(#&t# mD im-o"ta&t# (#&t"o (# #ta lí&#a (# i&$#ti*ai& 6%# la o/"a (# Mal-ia, #l mimo 6%#, l%#*o (# lo %#i$o $ai$#&# (# la -olítia #tatal# V#lao, B#la&(# ! ?a"ía) -%/lia, #l !a m#&o o&oi(o li/"o, >El Po(#" Eo&mio #& #l P#"@ 199), #& $a"io tomo, o/"a o& la 6%# -"#t#&(# o&ti&%a" #l #t%(io (# % $i(a+ E& >Lo =%#o (#l P#"@ #l a%to" #ala #i *"%-o (# -o(#" (#&t"o (# lo %al# #l *"%-o (# -o(#" /Dio lo o&tit%!#& la #m-"#a (#(ia(a a la -"o(%i&, t"a&-o"t# ! om#"iali7ai& (# mat#"ia -"ima #5-o"ta/l#+ E&t"# lo #5-o"ta(o"# (#taa& la 'i"ma mi&#"a ! la *"a&(# 'i"ma a*"a"ia, i#&(o #l #to" mD im-o"ta&t# la mi&#"ía, 6%# -"o(%ía al"#(#(o" (#l < (# la (i$ia (#l -aí+ Tam/i.& # #&%#&t"a (#&t"o (# #ta #i& lo mD im-o"ta&t# *"%-o (# la i&(%t"ia -#6%#"a, %!o mD5imo "#-"##&ta&t# #"a #l ma*&at# L%i Ba&h#"oRoi+ Ca/# (#taa" 6%# la -"i&i-al# om-aía (# #t# -"im#" *"%-o 6%# o-#"a/a& #& #l -aí -#"t#&#ía& a #5t"a&0#"o, #& #-#ial &o"t#am#"ia&o+ El #*%&(o *"%-o (# -o(#" lo o&'o"ma/a& lo /a&o #l mD im-o"ta&t# (#l -aí #"a #l Ba&o (# C".(ito, omo #& la at%ali(a(), #l t#"#" *"%-o, la #m-"#a (# #&#"*ía !
t#l#om%&iaio&# ! la -"o(%to"a (# mat#"ial# (# o&t"%i&+ El %a"to, o&'o"ma(o -o" la #m-"#a (#(ia(a a ati$i(a(# (# om#"io -"i&i-alm#&t# (# #5-o"tai&) #l 6%i&to *"%-o, la i&(%t"ia &aio&al, o"i#&ta(a -"i&i-alm#&t# a la ati'ai& (# &##i(a(# #5t#"&a !, 'i&alm#&t#, #l #5to *"%-o (# -o(#", lo %"/a&i7a(o"#, 6%# #"a& ai to(o &aio&al#+ El a%to" &o olo ha# m#&i& #-#í'ia (# la -#"o&a ! #m-"#a 6%# 'o"ma/a& to(o #t# #&*"a&a0# (# -o(#", i&o 6%# tam/i.& (#(ia #-#ial at#&i& a lo ot"o m#a&imo (# %/o"(i&ai& ! o&t"ol (#la #o&omía #& #l P#", omo # la %lt%"a ! la -olítia+ ai#&(o "#$ii& (# lo -"i&i-al# m#(io (# om%&iai& "a(io, a&al# (# t$) >El (# la -"o(%i& mi&#"a #"a #5t"aí(a -o" #m-"#a 'o"D&#a 1 (# lo 2< mD im-o"ta&t# *"%-o -#6%#"o #ta/a& (omi&a(o o -#"t#&#ía& í&t#*"am#&t# a a-italita 'o"D&#o+ (# lo 1< mD *"a&(# i&*#&io a7%a"#"o -#"t#&#ía& a #m-"#a &o"t#am#"ia&a@+ >El $alo" (# la -"o(%i& (# la #m-"#a C#""o (# Pao Co"-o"atio& ! (# % %/i(ia"ia #"a ai ta& *"a&(# omo #l $alo" total (# la #5-o"tai& (# al*o(& ! a7a"+ E (#i", %&a ola #m-"#a !a&6%i -"o(%ía ta&to omo to(o lo >/a"o&# (#l al*o(& ! (#l a7a" 0%&to@+ I/í(+ PD*+ 29+ >La ma!o"ía (# &%#t"a i&(%t"ia ha& "#i(o #& '%&i& a la &##i(a(# (# la &aio&# 6%# o&t"ola& #l -aí+ S# ha& #ta/l#i(o i&(%t"ia -a"a ati'a#" la #5i*#&ia (# mat#"ia -"ima ! #mi#la/o"a(a -o" -a"t# (# la i&(%t"ia &o"t#am#"ia&a, #%"o-#a o 0a-o&#a+ A%&6%# #5it#& al*%&o "%/"o (# i&(%t"ia 6%# # ha& (#a""olla(o #& 'o"ma (iti&ta, o"i#&tD&(o# a ati'a#" &##i(a(# i&t#"&a+@ I/í(+ PD*+ 2+
LOS =;EOS =EL PERQ
1+ BCP O ?R;PO ROMERO: ISTORIA: I&ii % ati$i(a(# #l 9 (# a/"il (# 19, a(o-ta&(o %&a -olítia "#(itiia i&-i"a(a #& lo -"i&i-io 6%# ha/"ía& (# *%ia" % om-o"tami#&to i&tit%io&al #& #l '%t%"o+ E&191, la 'amilia Rom#"o, -"o-i#ta"ia (# $a"ia hai#&(a, a(6%i#"# #l /a&o ! #l 1 (# '#/"#"o (# 192, # ao"( %tit%i" la a&ti*%a (#&omi&ai& oial, -o" la (# Ba&o (# C".(ito (#l P#"+
E& la at%ali(a(, #l /a&o #tD o&t"ola(o -o" la 'amilia Rom#"o, i#&(o =io&iio Rom#"o Paol#tti % -"#i(#&t# CEO, mi#&t"a 6%# #l at%al *#"#&t# # #l #o" Galt#" Ba!l! Llo&a+ Aí, #l Ba&o Italia&o, #l /a&o mD a&ti*%o to(a$ía #5it#&t# #& #l -aí, #"" % #'ii#&t# la/o" (#-%. (# ha/#" o/t#&i(o lo mD alto "#%lta(o (# la #&to&# -#6%#a /a&a+ Co& #l -"o-ito (# o&#*%i" %& ma!o" -#o i&t#"&aio&al, #l /a&o (#i(i i&tala" %%"al# #& Naa% Bahama) ! #& N%#$a Ko" Eta(o ;&i(o), h#ho 6%# lo o&$i"ti #& #l &io /a&o -#"%a&o -"##&t# #& (o (# la -la7a 'i&a&i#"a mD im-o"ta&t# (#l m%&(o+ La #5-a&i& (# % ati$i(a(# "# la &##i(a( (# %&a &%#$a #(# -a"a la
(i"#i& #&t"al+ Co& ## 'i& # o&t"%! #&t"# 199 ! 199< %& #(i'iio (# 3<,<<< m2, a-"o5ima(am#&t#, #& #l (it"ito (# La Moli&a #& Lima+ L%#*o, o& #l o/0#ti$o (# m#0o"a" % #"$iio, #l /a&o #ta/l#i la R#( Naio&al (# T#l#-"o#o, 6%# a 'i&# (# 19 o&#ta/a ai to(a la o'ii&a (#l -aí o& #l om-%ta(o" #&t"al (# Lima aimimo, "# la C%#&ta Co""i#&t# ! Li/"#ta (# Aho""o Naio&al, # i&tal %&a #5t#&a "#( (# a0#"o a%tomDtio+
At%ali(a( (#l BCP+ E& 199, #l /a&o a(6%i"i #l Ba&o Po-%la" (# Boli$ia, ho! Ba&o (# C".(ito (# Boli$ia+ ;& ao mD ta"(#, o& #l 'i& (# /"i&(a" %&a at#&i& a& mD #-#iali7a(a, "# C"#(i'o&(o, %&a &%#$a #m-"#a %/i(ia"ia (#(ia(a a la -"omoi& (# lo 'o&(o m%t%o al ao i*%i#&t# #ta/l#i C"#(il#ai&*, #m-"#a (#(ia(a a la -"omoi& (#l a""#&(ami#&to 'i&a&i#"o+ =%"a&t# #l t"a&%"o (# la (.a(a, la o'ii&a (# "#-"##&tai& #& Sa&tia*o (# Chil# (#a""oll %&a i&t#"#a&t# ati$i(a(, (a(o #l &ota/l# i&"#m#&to (# lo a-ital# hil#&o i&$#"ti(o #& #m-"#a -#"%a&a+ La "#%-#"ai& (# lo 0$#&# tal#&to 6%# #mi*"a"o& #&t"# 19< ! 199< al #5t"a&0#"o, '%# ot"o a-#to im-o"ta&t# (# #a (.a(a+ Eo -"o'#io&al#, li(am#&t# 'o"ma(o #& #&t"o aa(.mio ! #m-"#a im-o"ta&t# (# lo Eta(o ;&i(o ! E%"o-a, ha& o&t"i/%i(o a o&'i"ma" la ima*#& 6%# i#m-"# t%$o #l BCP: %& Ba&o a&ti*%o o& #-í"it% i#m-"# mo(#"&o+ E& la
at%ali(a(, la i&tit%i& %#&ta o& 32 o'ii&a a0#"o a%tomDtio ATM, 1+<< a*#&t# BCP ! 1+311 #m-l#a(o ! /a&o o""#-o&al# #& to(o #l m%&(o+ EMPRESAS =EL ?R;PO ROMERO: ALICORP:
La om-aía aho"a o&oi(a omo Alio"- # i&ii #& 19 omo I&(%t"ia A&(#"o&, Cla!to& Co+ omo %& 'a/"ia&t# (# a#it# ! 0a/& #& #l -%#"to (# Callao , P#" + E& 191, #l o&*lom#"a(o -#"%a&o ?"%-o Rom#"o a(6%i"i A&(#"o&, Cla!to& Co+ ! am/i #l &om/"# a Com-aía I&(%t"ial P#" Paí'io SA CIPPSA)+ La om-aía o/"#$i$i (%"a&t# lo ao (# *o/i#"&o milita" #& P#" ! (%"a&t# la (.a(a (# 199< # #m/a" #& $a"ia a(6%iiio&#+ E& 1993, a/o"/i a Cali5to Rom#"o SA ! Com-aía Ol#a*i&oa Pio SA, 6%# tam/i.& #"a& -"o-i#(a( (# ?"%-o Rom#"o+ E& 199, a(6%i"i La 8a/"il SA, #l ma!o" 'a/"ia&t# (# alim#&to #& #l P#" (# ?"%-o B%&*# ! Bo"& (# A"*#&ti&a + CIPSSA am/i #l &om/"# a Co&o"io (# Alim#&to 8a/"il Paí'io SA C8P) #& 199+ PPC # '%io& o& Nioli&i #"ma&o SA ! Com-aía Moli&#"a (#l P#" SA #& 199 ! am/i % &om/"# -o" #l (# Alio"- #& 199+ A(6%iiio&# "#i#&t#: 2<<1 4 Lo ati$o a(6%i"i(o ! ma"a -"o-i#(a( (# la 'ilial -#"%a&a (# ;&il#$#" + 2<< 4 A(6%i"i(a Alim#&t%m SA o& #l 'i& (# #&t"a" #& #l &#*oio (# lo h#la(o+ 2<< 4 Com-" %&a -la&ta (# la$a&(#"ía -"o-i#(a( (# ;&il#$#" ! $a"ia ma"a (# la$a&(#"ía+ 2<< 4 A(6%iii& (# Aa Alim#&to ! Moli&#"a I&a+ 2<< 4 A(6%i"i(o PROPERSA #m-"#a olom/ia&a ! la #m-"#a a"*#&ti&a La Com-aía
B"a&( Val%#+ 2<12 4 A(6%i"i(a Salmo'oo( #m-"#a hil#&a, la #5-a&i& (# % &#*oio (# &%t"ii& a&imal+ R#%lta(o 8i&a&i#"o Alio"- ala&7 %&o i&*"#o (# 9 millo&# (# (la"# (%"a&t# 2<<, %& i&"#m#&to (#l < "#-#to a 2<<+ Alio"--la&t -a"a a%m#&ta" la $#&ta a EE+;;+ 2 mil millo&# -a"a #l ao 2<13 o/"# la /a# (# la a(6%iiio&# #5t"a&0#"a ! la -"o!#io&# (# #5-o"tai&+ P"i&i-al# Ma"a (# Alio"A#it# (# oi&a: P"imo", Ca-"i, Coi&#"o, Cil, 8"iol C%i(a(o (#l a/#llo: A&%a Pata:=o& Vitto"io, Nioli&i, La$a**i, Alia&7a Co&'it#"ía Cai&o, ?laita, Vito"ia, Ga77%, 8#&i5 a"i&a Naio&al: Bla&a 8lo", 8a$o"ita T.: %"it C%i(a(o (# la "o-a: Bolí$a", O-al, Ma"#lla L#h#: So!a&(i&a S-"#a(: Ma&t!, S#llo (# O"o P#t8oo(: Mimaot, N%t"ia& F%i#: Ka-, Ua&%, N#*"ita, Ui"i/a Co&(im#&to: Ala#&a+ PRO=;CCIN 4 ALICORP: E %&a #m-"#a om-"om#ti(a o& #l (#a""ollo, la -"o(%i& ! la om#"iali7ai& (# alim#&to ! -"o(%to (# o&%mo mai$o, i&%mo i&(%t"ial#, alim#&to /ala&#a(o -a"a a&imal#, *"aa ! ha"i&a, #&t"# ot"o+ o! #& (ía #tD -"##&t# #& mD (# 1 -aí#, a(#mD (# o-#"aio&# -"o-ia #& A"*#&ti&a, E%a(o", Colom/ia ! Chil#+
PRIMAW ISTORIA =E LA PRIMAW S+A: La om-aía Sh#ll $#&(# #l -"im#" *al& #& #l P#" #& #ti#m/"# (# 199+ E& 0%&io (#l 2<<<, Rom#"o T"a(i&*, (#l ?"%-o Rom#"o, $#&(# % -"im#" *al& #& #l P#"+ E& a*oto (#l 2<<, la Em-"#a Naio&al (# P#t"l#o (# Chil# ! #l ?"%-o Rom#"o (#l P#" om-"a& Sh#ll #& #l P#"+ E& &o$i#m/"# (#l 2<< &a# P"ima5 S+A+ #& #l P#"+ E& a*oto (#l 2<<, P"ima5 om-"a Sh#ll #& E%a(o"+ E& &o$i#m/"# (#l 2<< &a# P"ima5 #& E%a(o"+ E& S#ti#m/"# (#l 2<<, P"ima5 om-"a a R#-ol #& E%a(o" ! # o&$i#"t# #& la "#( -"i$a(a mD *"a&(# (#l E%a(o" al o&ta" o& 13 #taio&# (# #"$iio+ Etaio&# (# la "#( PRIMAW a &i$#l &aio&al, la #m-"#a 6%# %#&ta& o& 'lota (# $#hí%lo -o("D& a/at##" % %&i(a(# #& &%#t"a #taio&# (# Lima ! P"o$i&ia o& o&t"ol# #*%"o ! #'ii#&t#+ Aimimo, #tamo -"##&t# #& la mD (i$#"a ! om-l#0a i&(%t"ia (#l m#"a(o, o-#"aio&# mi&#"a, -#a, #t+ PRO=;CTOS KXO SERVICIOS Y;E PROPORCIONA PRIMAW S+A + Com/%ti/l# lí6%i(o+ ?NV+ ?LP+ L%/"ia&t#+ Etaio&# (# #"$iio+ V#&ta o"-o"ati$a+ V#&ta a i&(%t"ia -"o(%to 6%ímio (# lim-i#7a i&(%t"ial)+ V#&ta a #taio&# i&(#-#&(i#&t#+
LA ACTIVI=A= ECONOMICA =E PRIMAW S+A Ai#&(# al mo&to a&%al (# #& #l ao 2<< # "#*it" 6%# #l mo&to (# im-o"taio&# a#&(i a 29< mil (la"#, mi#&t"a 6%# #& #l ao 2<< #l mo&to (# im-o"taio&# '%# %-#"io" a 3, millo&# (# (la"#+ RANSA La ati$i(a( (# la #m-"#a o&it# #& la -"#tai& (# #"$iio (# lo*ítia 6%# i&l%!#& alma#&a0#, a(%a&a, t"a&-o"t#, (it"i/%i& ho"i7o&tal ! #"$iio a &a$i#"a+ Aí mimo la #m-"#a -o## %&a alia&7a o& o-#"aio&# *lo/al# (# om#"io #5t#"io" -a"a -"o$##" %&a ol%i& total (# lo*ítia a % li#&t#+ Com-l#m#&ta"iam#&t#, /"i&(a lo #"$iio (# "#'"i*#"ai& ! o&*#lami#&to (# to(a la# (# -"o(%to alim#&tiio+
CRE=ICORP E %&a om-aía -#"t#&#i#&t# al ?"%-o Rom#"o (#(ia(a a /"i&(a" a#o"ía o"-o"ati$a #-#iali7a(a a la #m-"#a (#l o&*lom#"a(o #& 8i&a&7a, S#*%"o ! =#a""ollo (# N%#$o N#*oio, Co&t"alo"ía, L#*al ! T"i/%ta"ia, A%(ito"ía I&t#"&a, R#%"o %ma&o,
C#&t"al (# Ri#*o ! Com-"a Co"-o"ati$a ! (# T#&olo*ía (# la I&'o"mai&, -"omo$i#&(o la i&t#*"ai&, aho""o ! i&#"*ia o"-o"ati$a, %lti$a&(o #l "#%"o h%ma&o ! ma&t#&i#&(o %& alto &i$#l -"o'#io&al+ ISTORIA: a# 6%i&# ao, #l P#" #"a %& -aí m%! (iti&to+ El "#imi#&to #o&mio &aio&al, a%&6%# ha/ía #m-#7a(o a mot"a" i'"a a%-iioa, #"a a& m%! i&i-i#&t#+ K o/"# to(o, i&i#"to+ La a-%#ta (#l *"%-o #m-"#a"ial mD im-o"ta&t# '%# la$#+ La "#ai& (# C"#(io"- "#&o$ la o&'ia&7a #& %& -aí 6%# # -o&ía (# -i#, a-o"tD&(ol# a % (i&amimo la mítia ! #5-#"i#&ia (#l li(o ?"%-o C".(ito+ Aí &a# C"#(io"- Lt(+: #l hol(i&* 'i&a&i#"o mD *"a&(# (#l -aí+ A6%#l ot%/"# (# 199 C"#(io"- #m-i#7a a oti7a" im%ltD&#am#&t# #& la /ola (# $alo"# (# Lima ! N%#$a Ko" NKSE)+ El "#to # hito"ia o&oi(a+ C"#(io"- &a# /%a&(o a-"o$#ha" la i&#"*ia (# la #m-"#a 'i&a&i#"a (#l ?"%-o C".(ito, im-%la&(o aí #l "#imi#&to (# to(o #l hol(i&*+ La #5itoa oloai& (# % A=RZ #& la om-#titi$a Bola (# Valo"# (# N%#$a Ko" NKSE) –%&o (# lo m#"a(o mD im-o"ta&t# a &i$#l m%&(ial– l# o'"#i %&a ma!o" $ii/ili(a( i&t#"&aio&al, a la $#7 6%# i*&i'i %& "#to 6%# # ha %m-li(o ao t"a ao+ La hito"ia (# C"#(io"- # la hito"ia (#l -"im#" *"%-o 'i&a&i#"o (#l -aí+ I&iialm#&t# #l hol(i&* #t%$o i&t#*"a(o -o" #l Ba&o (# C".(ito (#l P#" BCP, Paí'io P#"%a&o S%i7a Com-aía (# S#*%"o ! R#a#*%"o PPS) ! Atla&ti S#%"it! ol(i&* Co"-o"atio&+ At%alm#&t#, 1 ao (#-%. (# ha/#" i(o o&oli(a(o, C"#(io"- #tD om-%#to -o" #l Ba&o (# C".(ito (#l P#" BCP –6%# i&l%!# al Ba&o (# C".(ito (# Boli$ia ! a E(!'ia"–, #l ?"%-o Paí'io, P"ima A8P ! Atla&ti S#%"it! ol(i&* Co"-o"atio&+ C"#(io"- ha "#i(o (# la ma&o o& #l -aí+ E& a6%#l ot%/"# (# 199, #l -at"imo&io (# C"#(io"- #"a (# ;S 2 millo&#+ Al 3< (# #ti#m/"# (#l 2<1<, % -at"imo&io i*&i'ia ho! ;S 2,9< millo&#+
=%"a&t# lo 1 #5itoo ao (# C"#(io"-, #l A=R ha -aa(o (# %& -"#io i&iial (# ;S +93 a ;S 12+2, #l ltimo 2 (# ot%/"#+ ;&a i&$#"i& (# ;S 1,<<< allD -o" 199 i*&i'ia"ía ho! %&a i'"a (# ;S 1,929+ C"#(io"- ha "#i(o ! #l P#" ha "#i(o+ Y%i#& a-ot -o" am/o allD -o" 199 ti#&# ho! ai 1 $## lo i&$#"ti(o+
2+ ?R;PO BRESCIA: Si ha! %& *"%-o -#"%a&o 6%# m#"## i*%al o ma!o" "#-#to 6%# #l *"%-o Rom#"o, #, i& (%(a al*%&a, #l *"%-o B"#ia, (# lo h#"ma&o Ma"io ! P#("o B"#ia Ca''#"ata+ Et# # #l &io *"%-o 6%# -%#(# #" (i"#tam#&t# om-a"a(o o& lo Rom#"o, !a 6%# am/o ha& h#ho (# la (i$#"i'iai& % ma!o" 'o"tal#7a+ a# -oo ao lo B"#ia &o alía& (# P#", ! to(a i&$#"i& # haia a6%í, &o o/ta&t#, #to omi#&7a a am/ia" (# ma&#"a m%! i&t#"#a&t#+ ISTORIA ?R;PO BRESCIA: El -a("# (# lo h#"ma&o B"#ia, 8o"t%&ato B"#ia Taa&o, #"a italia&o, al i*%al 6%# % a/%#lo mat#"&o+ La hito"ia omi#&7a o& =o& 8o"t%&ato B"#ia 6%i#& ll#* al -%#"to (#l Callao #& #l ao 19+ K omo la ma!o"ía (# #%"o-#o 6%# $#&ía& a Am."ia, 8o"t%&ato #"a (# o&(ii& h%mil(#+ S% -"im#" t"a/a0o '%# omo a!%(a&t# (# %&a ti#&(a mi&o"ita, ma�a(a tam/i.& -o" %& italia&o+ Si& #m/a"*o, #& % -la&# &o #ta/a 6%#(a"# omo a!%(a&t#, i&o (# a"ma" ta& -"o&to omo '%#"a -oi/l# % -"o-ia #m-"#a+ Lo -"im#"o 6%# # l# o%""i '%# #l &#*oio (# a/at##" a la ti#&(a m%ha (# #lla #& ma&o (# italia&o), ! (a(o 6%# t#&ía i#"ta #5-#"i#&ia, (#i(i om-"a" al*%&a ti#""a 6%# mD
a(#la&t# # o&$#"ti"ía& #& % ma!o" #m-%0# #m-"#a"ial+ E& 1919, =o& 8o"t%&ato # aa o& Catali&a Ca''#"ata P#a"a&(a, 6%i#& #"a h#"#(#"a (# al*%&a mi&a #& #l $all# a&(i&o (# %a"i A&ah)+ La hito"ia (# #t# *"%-o # /ata&t# #5t#&a, # -o" #o 6%# "#omi#&(o l##" #l li/"o: [Et"at#*ia (# -o(#", *"%-o #o&mio #& #l P#"[ (# E&"i6%# Va6%#7 %ama&+ Lo hi0o (#l #o" 8o"t%&ato B"#ia Taa&o #l italia&o) o&: P#("o, Ma"io, A&a Ma"ia ! Roa B"#ia+ Lo (o -"im#"o P#("o ! Ma"io) o& la a/#7a (#l *"%-o 'amilia", a%&6%# ma!o" -o(#" # l# at"i/%!# P#("o, #l ma!o" ao)+ Si& #m/a"*o, Ma"io -a"## #" #l (# ma!o" lo%ai(a(+ E& la "#$itaP#" Eo&mio, P#("o B"#ia 'i*%" #& &o$#&o l%*a" #& #l Ra&i&* (# lo mD -o(#"oo (#l P#", ! #& #l -%#to (.imo ota$o 1\), % h#"ma&o Ma"io+ At%alm#&t# # om#&ta m%ho o/"# #l -"o#o (# %#i& (#l *"%-o, !a 6%# a (i'#"#&ia (# lo Rom#"o, lo B"#ia ti#&#& $a"io 6%# -o("ía& #&a0a", ! #o &at%"alm#&t# ha# mD (i'íil la #l#i&+ Lo #l#*i(o -o("ía& #" lo hi0o (# Ma"io, o #l hi0o #l Roa, !a 6%# P#("o &o -a"## t#&#" (##&(i#&t# &o #&o&t". i&'o"m# #& &i&*%&a "#$ita o "#-o"ta0# (# TV)+ Po" lo ta&to, lo 6%# # m#&io&a& ! o& lo 'a$o"ito o& lo i*%i#&t#, a a/#": 8o"t%&ato, Ma"io ! P#("o B"#ia hi0o (# Ma"io) Al#5 8o"t B"#ia hi0o (# Roa B"#ia)+ EMPRESAS: BBVA BANCO CONTINENTAL: Em-"#a /a&a"ia (# la %al #l *"%-o B"#ia -o## %&a -a"tii-ai& (#l <+ A(#mD, a/# #ala", 6%# (iho /a&o # #l #*%&(o mD *"a&(# #& #l P#", (#t"D (# Ba&o (#l C".(ito (#l P#" *"%-o Rom#"o)+ Lo -#"%a&o t#&#mo (omi&a(o #l #to" /a&a"io+
MINS;R: Em-"#a 6%# (#ta #& la ltima #ma&a -o" #" %&a (# la 2 6%# -a"tii-a –oti7a – #& la /ola (# N%#$a Ko" Gall St"##t)+ Eta mi&#"a 'at%" #& #l 2<< &a(a m#&o 6%# SX1+ millo&# millo&# (# (la"#)+ ]So"-"#&(#&t#^ E& #l 2<< a(6%i"i#"o& %&a mi&a (# #tao #& B"ail -o" la mo(a a&ti(a( (# ]<< millo&# (# (la"#^ Et# # %&o (# lo -"im#"o -ao (# % i&t#"&aio&ali7ai&, 6%# m# ima*i&o -"o'%&(i7a"D la &%#$a *#&#"ai&+ Eta #m-"#a '%# om-"a(a, omo !a m#&io&amo, -o" << millo&# (# (la"#, # (#i", la mima a&ti(a( o& la %al CENCOS;= om-" la a(#&a (# la 'amilia GON? M#t"o, Go&*, Am#"ia& O%tl#t, #t)+
TASA: La #m-"#a ha"i&#"a mD *"a&(# (#l m%&(o+ Eta -#6%#"a #tD -o" #&ima (# COPEINCA (#l *"%-o -#"%a&o =!#", (# Sam%#l =!#" Co"iat), 6%# # la t#"#"a #& #l m%&(o+ Sol(#5a, #m-"#a #tD (#(ia(a a ol(a", %&i" ! t"a/a0a" o& ma"a omoO#"lio&+ El 2<< (iha #m-"#a om-" Sol(a(%"a G#ta"o lt(a, Sol(a(%"a M#*"i#l( am/a #& Colom/ia), ! Com#"iali7a(o"a (# El#t"o(o (# V#%#la, -o" la m(ia a&ti(a( (#
9 millo&#+ SE?;ROS RIMAC: Em-"#a a#*%"a(o"a 6%# #& #l 2<< 'at%" 3 millo&# (# (la"#+
INT;RSA : Em-"#a 6%# a*"%-a a lo hot#l# Li/#"ta(o", i&l%i(o #l G#ti& 6%# # o&t"%!# #& Sa& Ii("o, 6%# (iho #a (# -ao, #"D #l #(i'iio mD *"a&(# (#l P#"+ Clí&ia I&t#"&aio&al: La Clí&ia I&t#"&aio&al -#"t#&## al ol(i&* (# #m-"#a (#l ?"%-o B"#a, o& mD (# ao (# #5-#"i#&ia #& #l "%/"o (# la al%(+ At%alm#&t# %#&ta o& 3 #(# #& lo -"i&i-al# (it"ito (# la i%(a( (# Lima ! 3 m#(i#&t"o #& El Polo, Sa& Bo"0a ! Sa& Ii("o+
3+ ?R;PO INTERBANU ISTORIA: El 2< (# 0%lio (# 199 El i&$#"io&ita -#"%a&o Ca"lo Ro("í*%#74Pato" P#"i$al# #& alia&7a o& al*%&o oio mi&o"ita"io &o"t#am#"ia&o, "#ali7 la om-"a (# Ba&o I&t#"&aio&al (#l P#" #& ## #&to&# I&t#"Ba&) al #ta(o -#"%a&o+ Co& #llo i&ii #l
"#imi#&to (# la #m-"#a omo #&ti(a( 'i&a&i#"a El 91 (# la aio&# '%#"o& a(6%i"i(a ! t"a&'#"i(a a I8 ?"%-o I&t#"/a&), #l "#to '%#"o& $#&(i(a a al*%&o t"a/a0a(o"# (# la #m-"#a+ E& 199 I&t#"/a& la&7a I&t#"#*%"o, i#&(o .ta %&a (# la -"i&i-al# a#*%"a(o"a (#l P#"+ I&t#"#*%"o a % $#7 # (%#a (# lo C#&t"o Com#"ial# R#al Pla7a+ Tam/i.& #& 199 I&t#"/a& "#a ;"/i P"o-i#(a(#, #l %al # #l /"a7o i&mo/ilia"io (# I&t#"/a&+ E& #l ao 2<<<, I&t#"/a& a(6%i#"# la #m-"#a (# i&# Ci&#-l#5 S+A+ T"a la a(6%iii&, #l &om/"# (# lo i&# am/ia -o" #l (# Ci&#-la&#t, mi#&t"a la "a7& oial i*%# i#&(o Ci&#-l#5 S+A+ o! #& (ía Ci&#-la&#t %#&ta o& mD (# < -a&talla (# i&# #& to(o #l P#"+ A -a"ti" (# 2<< o-#"a ala (# i&# #& Chil# tam/i.& /a0o #l &om/"# (# Ci&#-la&#t, A&t#"io"m#&t# o-#"a/a /a0o #l &om/"# (# Mo$i#la&(+ E& '#/"#"o (# 2<<3 Caa A&(i&a i&iia % o-#"aio&# o& %&a -"o-i#(a( #& #l (it"ito (# Mi"a'lo"# #& Lima, (#(# ## #&to&# la #m-"#a ha i(o "#i#&(o o&t"%!#&(o 1 hot#l# #& i%(a(# (#l P#"+ A 'i&# (# 2<<3 I&t#"/a& "#ali7 la om-"a (# S%-#"m#"a(o Sa&ta Ia/#l S+A a la #m-"#a hola&(#a Ro!al Ahol(+ A -a"ti" (#l 1 (# ma"7o (# 2<< la #m-"#a i&iia o-#"aio&# /a0o la (#&omi&ai& (# S%-#"m#"a(o P#"%a&o S+A+ O-#"a& la ma"a Vi$a&(a,Pla7a V#a ! Ma+ E& #-ti#m/"# (# 2<< # "#a #& Pa&amD, I&t#"*"o%- R#ali7a(a o& la 'i&ali(a( (# "#a" %& hol(i&* (#(ia(o a la *#ti& (# la -a"tii-aio&# (# I8 #& la i&(%t"ia -#"%a&a (# #"$iio 'i&a&i#"o+ A -#a" (# ha/#" i(o i&tit%i(a #& Pa&amD, o-#"a #5l%i$am#&t# #& P#"+ E& 2<< # "#a #l I8S I&t#"*"o%-8i&a&ialS#"$i# Co"-+), hol(i&* 'i&a&i#"o 6%# o&oli(a la -"o-i#(a( (# I&t#"/a& # I&t#"#*%"o+ A m#(ia(o (# 2<< I&t#"/a& la&7 %&a ti#&(a -o" (#-a"tam#&to+ La %al ti#&# la "a7& oial (# Ti#&(a P#"%a&a S+A ! la ma"a
la&7a(a '%# O#hl#+E& a*oto (# 2<<, #l ?"%-o I&t#"/a& la&7 'o"malm#&t# la -"im#"a %&i$#"i(a( o"-o"ati$a (#l P#" o&oi(a omo ;CIU -a"a (a" 'o"mai& a lo ola/o"a(o"# (# to(a % #m-"#a+A i&iio (# 2<11, #l *"%-o a(6%i"i la a(#&a (# omi(a "D-i(a mD *"a&(# (#l P#", o&oi(a omo B#m/o+ E& 0%lio (# 2<12, #l Ba&o I&t#"/a& a(6%i#"# #l < (# la aio&# (# E5-"#N#t a %& oto (# ;S9<,<<< =la"# Am#"ia&o om-l#ta&(o aí #l 1<< (# la aio&# (# #ta om-aía+ E5-"#N#t # #l a(6%i"#&t# loal (# la t"a&aio&# o& ta"0#ta (# ".(ito Am#"ia& E5-"#+ E& la mima '#ha, om-"a #l < mD %&a (# la aio&# (# la ;&i$#"i(a( T#&ol*ia (#l P#" ;TP) ! (# la ;&i$#"i(a( T#&ol*ia (# Chila!o ;TC)+ EMPRESAS: Ba&o I&t#"/a&: I&t#"/a& Ba&o I&t#"&aio&al (#l P#" S+A+A) # %&a (# la -"i&i-al# #&ti(a(# 'i&a&i#"a (#l P#"+ A #&#"o (# 2<<9 %#&ta o& mD (# 21< a*#&ia o ti#&(a 'i&a&i#"a a &i$#l &aio&al+ Po## o'ii&a al i&t#"io" (# lo %-#"m#"a(o Vi$a&(a ! Pla7a V#a+
Caa A&(i&a: Caa A&(i&a # la a(#&a (# hot#l# (#l *"%-o I&t#"/a&+ I&ii % o-#"aio&# #& 2<<3 o& %& hot#l #& la i%(a( (# Lima #& #l (it"ito (# Mi"a'lo"#+ La #m-"#a '%# "#i#&(o hata t#&#" -"##&ia #& loaio&# (#l P#": Na7a, C%o, Vall# Sa*"a(o (#
lo I&a, La*o Titiaa, P%&o, Ca& (#l Cola, A"#6%i-a, Chila!o ! Lima ! ha lo*"a(o -o##" 19 hot#l#+
S%-#"m#"a(o P#"%a&o: S%-#"m#"a(o P#"%a&o S+A : E la #m-"#a (%#a (# la a(#&a (# %-#"m#"a(o # hi-#"m#"a(o (# I&t#"/a&, o-#"a la ma"a Vi$a&(a, Pla7a V#a, Ma ! Eo&oma5, + Tam/i.& o-#"a la a(#&a (# -"#$#&ta (# #&t"a(a -a"a #&$#&to T% E&t"a(a+ O#hl#: Ti#&(a P#"%a&a S+A # la "a7& oial 6%# %tili7a I&t#"/a& -a"a % ti#&(a -o" (#-a"tam#&to O#hl#+ La -"im#"a ti#&(a (# la a(#&a # %/ia #& #l #&t"o om#"ial R#al Pla7a %a&a!o, a la 6%# l# i*%i#"o& la %/iaio&# #& Lima, A"#6%i-a, T"%0illo # Ia+
8i&a&i#"a ;&o: =# la ma&o (# O#hl# Ti#&(a P#"%a&a S+A+), # la&7a 8i&a&i#"a ;&o ! Ta"0#ta Oh^ =#(# #l 2<13 8i&a&i#"a ;&o # la #&ti(a( 6%# a(mi&it"a la ta"0#ta (# ".(ito (# to(a la a(#&a "#tail (#l ?"%-o I&t#"/a& I&R#tail), 6%# i&l%!#& O#hl#, Pla7a V#a, P"oma"t # I&a'a"ma+ ;"/i+ P"o-i#(a(#: ;"/i P"o-i#(a(# # %&a #m-"#a i&mo/ilia"ia #&a"*a(a (# "#ali7a" lo -"o!#to (# I&t#"/a&, !a #a& (# $i$i#&(a o om#"ial#+ Ci&#-l#5 S+A: Ci&#-l#5 S+A o-#"a(o" (# lo i&# Ci&#-la&#t #& P#" ! Chil#+ E la -"i&i-al a(#&a (# M%ltii&# #& #l P#"+ Ci&#-la&#t %#&ta o& mD (# < ala (# i&# a &i$#l &aio&al ! o&t#m-la $a"io -"o!#to mD -a"a #l ao 2<<9+ at%alm#&t# %#&ta o& ala #& la i%(a( (# Lima Ala7a" 4 Fi"o& (# la ;&i&, Coma, La Moli&a, Lima No"t#, Li&#, Sa& Mi*%#l, Sa&ta Cla"a, C#&t"o Cí$io+ P"o$i&ia A"#6%i-a, Pi%"a, Chila!o, T"%0illo, %a&a!o ! Ta&a+
B#m/o: A omi#&7o (# 2<11, #l ?"%-o I&t#"/a&, a(6%i"i #& % totali(a( la a(#&a (# "#ta%"a&t# (# omi(a "D-i(a B#m/o, la %al ti#&# -"##&ia #& $a"ia "#*io&# (#l P#" a(#mD (# al*%&o "#ta%"a&t# #& Pa&amD, Nia"a*%a # I&(ia+ ?lo/alN#t: E&t"# lo #"$iio 6%# o'"## I&t#"/a& #tD& lo a0#"o ?lo/alN#t, .to # a"at#"i7a& -o" a#-ta" to(a la ta"0#ta (#l m%&(o+ C%#&ta at%alm#&t# o& 1+<< a0#"o #& to(o #l P#"+
I&t#"#*%"o: I&t#"#*%"o '%# la&7a(o #& 199 -o" %&a alia&7a #&t"# #l ?"%-o I&t#"/a& ! #l Ba&#" T"%t Com-a&!, oio (#l ma!o" a#*%"a(o" (# Chil#, Co&o"io Naio&al (# S#*%"o (# Vi(a+ E& #l ao 2<<<, I&t#"/a& a(6%i"i #l 1<< (# la aio&# ! mD a(#la&t# $#&(i #l 1 (# la mima al I8C I&t#"&atio&al 8i&a&#Co"-o"atio&), %&a %/i(ia"ia (#l /a&o m%&(ial+ E& 2<<9, I&t#"#*%"o ti#&# %&a -a"tii-ai& #& #l m#"a(o -#"%a&o (# %& 22, -"im#" l%*a") (# to(a la -"ima -o" -li7a (# "#&ta $italiia,13, #& #*%"o (# $i(a ! ,3 #& total (# #*%"o+ R#al Pla7a : R#al Pla7a # la #m-"#a o-#"a(o"a (# #&t"o om#"ial# -#"t#&#i#&t# a I&t#"#*%"o+ O-#"a #&t"o om#"ial# #& Lima, T"%0illo, Chila!o, A"#6%i-a, %a&a!o, Pi%"a, F%liaa,
Chim/ot#, o& -"o!#to #& Lima ! #l i&t#"io" (#l -aí+ R#al Pla7a t"a/a0a (# la ma&o o& ;"/i+ P"o-i#(a(# 6%# # 6%i#& # #&a"*a (# la o&t"%i& (# lo mimo+
I&t#"tít%lo ST: I&t#"tít%lo ST Soi#(a( Tit%li7a(o"a), # %&a #m-"#a (#(ia(a al "%/"o (# a(mi&it"ai& (# -at"imo&io ! *a"a&tía (# tit%lai&+ Al 2<< o&ta/a o& o-#"aio&# o& %& $alo" (# ;S 3< millo&#+ I&t#li*o Ba&: A&t# Bl%Ba&) 8%# '%&(a(o #& #l ao 199 #& Naa%, Bahama, o/t#&i#&(o #&199 %&a li#&ia i&t#"&aio&al -a"a a/"i" %&a %%"al #& Pa&amD, %&o (# lo #&t"o 'i&a&i#"o mD im-o"ta&t# (# Lati&oam."ia+ I&t#li*o Ba& # %& /a&o o''4ho"#, 6%# o'"## #"$iio (# /a&a -"i$a(a ! a#o"ía 'i&a&i#"a *lo/al a li#&t# (# alto -at"imo&io+ E&t"# lo -"i&i-al# -"o(%to 6%# o'"## I&t#li*o Ba&, # #&%#&t"a&: (#-ito a -la7o, a(mi&it"ai& (# -o"ta'olio o& i&t"%m#&to 'i&a&i#"o i&t#"&aio&al# "#&ta 'i0a ! "#&ta $a"ia/l#), ta"0#ta (# ".(ito ! %#&ta+ I&t#"'o&(o SA8: I&t#"'o&(o SA8 Soi#(a( a(mi&it"a(o"a (# 'o&(o) # (#(ia a la a(mi&it"ai& (# 'o&(o m%t%o+ S% li#&t# -%#(#& om-"a" -a"tii-aio&# (# %& 'o&(o m%t%o 6%# # i&$i#"t# -"i&i-alm#&t# #& /o&o !Xo aio&# ! 6%# # ma�a(o -o" -"o'#io&al# #&
i&$#"io&#+ A 2<<, I&t#"'o&(o t#&ía %&a -a"tii-ai& #& #l m#"a(o (# 1+ I&t#li*o SAB: I&t#li*o SAB Soi#(a( (# a*#&t# (# /ola) # %&a #m-"#a o""#(o"a (# $alo"#, I&t#li*o SAB #tD -"##&t# #& #l m#"a(o (# $alo"# (#(# 1993, ha/i.&(o# o&oli(a(o #& lo -"im#"o l%*a"# #& t."mi&o (# $ol%m#& (# &#*oiaio&# #& R#&ta 8i0a ! R#&ta Va"ia/l#+ o! #& (ía # %&a (# la Soi#(a(# (# A*#&t# mD im-o"ta&t# (#l P#"+ ;&i$#"i(a( Co"-o"ati$a I&t#"o"-: La ;&i$#"i(a( Co"-o"ati$a I&t#"o"-, o&oi(a omo ;CIC, # %&a o"*a&i7ai& (#ti&a(a a /"i&(a" 'o"mai& a lo mD (# <,<<< ola/o"a(o"# -#"t#&#i#&t# a la #m-"#a (# I&t#"o"-+ E& #lla # (ita& mD (# < -"o*"ama (iti&to (#ti&a(o a 'o"tal##" la ha/ili(a(# (# lo ola/o"a(o"# #& (i$#"a D"#a omo /a&a, a(mi&it"ai&, #*%"o, ha/ili(a(# (o#&t#, i&&o$ai&, "#tail, h#""ami#&ta i&'o"mDtia #&t"# ot"a+ La 'o"mai& 6%# /"i&(a ;CIC #tD (i#a(a (# a%#"(o a la &##i(a(# #t"at.*ia (# a(a &#*oio (# I&t#"o"-+ I&a8a"ma: I&a8a"ma, '%# a(6%i"i(a -o" #l *"%-o #& #&#"o (# 2<11+ I&a8a"ma # la #m-"#a lí(#" (# /otia ! 'a"maia #& #l P#", %#&ta o& <<< ola/o"a(o"# ! mD (# << loal# (it"i/%i(o #& to(o #l P#" o& i&*"#o /o"(#a&(o lo 3< millo&# (# (la"#+ om##&t#" P#"%a&o: Ba0o la ma"a P"oma"t+ Col#*io P#"%a&o: Ba0o la ma"a I&&o$a Shool+ E5-"#N#t: 8%# a(6%i"i(a #& 0%lio (#l 2<12 al om-"a" #l < (# la aio&# (# E5-"#N#t al Ba&o (# C".(ito (#l P#" BCP), #l ot"o < !a la -o#ía+ E5-"#N#t # #l "#-"##&ta&t# loal (# la Ta"0#ta (# C".(ito Am#"ia& E5-"# ! # A(6%i"#&t# (# la t"a&aio&# o& #a ma"a (# ta"0#ta #& #l P#"+
IPAE E%#la (# Em-"#a"io: 8%# a(6%i"i(a a 'i&al# (# #&#"o (#l 2<1+ La E%#la (# Em-"#a"io (# IPAE, # %& I&tit%to (# E(%ai& S%-#"io" o& -"##&ia a &i$#l &aio&al+ O'"## la a""#"a (# A(mi&it"ai& (# N#*oio, A(mi&it"ai& (# N#*oio I&t#"&aio&al#, A(mi&it"ai& Lo*ítia, A(mi&it"ai& T%"ítia ! Ma"#ti&* #&t"# ot"o -"o*"ama (# #5t#&i&+ El mo(#lo #(%ati$o (# IPAE E%#la (# Em-"#a"io #tD o"i#&ta(o a (#a""olla" #& lo al%m&o atit%(# #m-"#&(#(o"a 'om#&ta&(o aí %&a %lt%"a #m-"#a"ial (# .5ito+ + ?R;PO ?LORIA: ISTORIA: El (# '#/"#"o (# 191, la #m-"#a ?#&#"al MilCom-a&! I&+ o&tit%! la #m-"#a L#h# ?lo"ia S+A+ #& la i%(a( (# A"#6%i-a+ E# mimo ao #m-"#&(i la o&t"%i& (# la -la&ta i&(%t"ial # i&ii #l (# ma!o (# 192 la 'a/"iai& (# la l#h# #$a-o"a(a ?lo"ia a %& "itmo (# 1 a0a -o" (ía, totali7a&(o 2,<<< a0a (%"a&t# #l -"im#" ao (# -"o(%i&+ E& ## #&to&#, la '%#"7a la/o"al #ta/a o&tit%i(a -o" -#"o&a #&t"# #m-l#a(o ! o/"#"o+ Pot#"io"m#&t# ?#&#"al MilCom-a&! I&+ '%# a(6%i"i(a -o" Ca"&atio& Com-a&! ! #& #l ao 19 L#h# ?lo"ia S+A+ am/i % (#&omi&ai& a ?lo"ia S+A+ El "#imi#&to $#"ti*i&oo (# la -"o(%i& t%$o omo o-o"t# la o&ta&t# la/o" (# "#&o$ai& (# lo #6%i-o (# % -la&ta (# -"o(%i& ! la am-liai& (# la a-ai(a( i&tala(a, aí omo la #5-a&i& (# la 7o&a (# "#o0o (# l#h# '"#a, 6%. t#&ía& omo o-o"t# la i&talai& (# -la&ta (# ao-io ! "#'"i*#"ai& 6%# #"$ía& al mimo ti#m-o omo &l#o (# -"omoi& al (#a""ollo *a&a(#"o+ Al o'"##" %& m#"a(o #*%"o ! /"i&(a" a-o!o t.&io a lo -"o(%to"# -"o$##(o"#, la #m-"#a lo*" 6%# la *a&a(#"ía # o&tit%!#"a #& %&a ati$i(a( -"o(%ti$a im-o"ta&t# #& 7o&a #& la 6%# lo # -"o(%ía l#h# -a"a a%too&%mo (#/i(o a % al#0ami#&to (# la 7o&a %"/a&a ! 'alta (# m#"a(o -a"a % om#"iali7ai&+ La ho! 'lo"#i#&t# C%#&a
L#h#"a (#l S%" '%# #l "#%lta(o (# %&a -olítia /i#& #t"%t%"a(a a 'a$o" (# la -"o(%i& &aio&al (# l#h# '"#a+ ?lo"ia i&ii %&a -a%lati&a o&t"%i& (# #&t"o (# ao-io ! #&'"iami#&to #& lo (i'#"#&t# $all# (#l %", aí # t%$o #l i*%i#&t# "#imi#&to: El 11 (# #-ti#m/"# (# 19 #m-#7 a '%&io&a" la -la&ta (# #&'"iami#&to (# Vito", -a"a at#&(#" la &ai#&t# I""i*ai& (# Vito", -"im#"a #ta-a (# to(a la I""i*ai& (# La Fo!a+ El 1 (# a/"il (# 19 hi7o lo -"o-io la -la&ta (# Pam-aola, t#&i#&(o omo 7o&a (# i&'l%#&ia to(a la 7o&a alta (# la P"o$i&ia (# Catilla+ El 1_ (# 0%lio (# 191 #m-#7 a o-#"a" la -la&ta (# Camia"a #& #l (#-a"tam#&to (# Ta&a+ El 11 (# a/"il (# 192, #& #l (#-a"tam#&to (# Mo6%#*%a, la -la&ta (# P%6%i&a i&ii #l ao-io (# l#h# (# la #&to&# *a&a(#"ía "iolla (# la 7o&a+ Aí mimo, #& (ii#m/"# 19 # i&tal la -la&ta (# M#0ía #& la -"o$i&ia (# Ila! #& #l (#-a"tam#&to (# A"#6%i-a, -a"a at#&(#" ! "#i/i" la -"o(%i& (#l Vall# (# Tam/o ! la I""i*aio&# (# Moll#&(o, M#0ía ! La E&#&a(a+ El 2 (# a/"il (# 19, # -%o #& '%&io&ami#&to #& #l Vall# (# Ma0# la -la&ta #&'"ia(o"a (# A-lao, a-ital (# la P"o$i&ia (# Catilla+ Al ha/#"# i&iia(o la ta& a&ia(a I""i*ai& (# Ma0# #& ot%/"# (# 19< ! (a(o #l a$a&# 6%# # lo*"a/a #& la o&t"%i& (# a&al# (# "#*a(ío, #& 19 la #m-"#a i&tala %&a -la&ta (# "##-i& ! #&'"iami#&to (# la I""i*ai& (# Sa&ta Rita (# Si*%a, 6%# i&ii % o-#"ai& #l (# &o$i#m/"# (# ## mimo ao+ Eto #&t"o # o&tit%!#"o& #& &l#o (# -"omoi& ! (#a""ollo (#l *a&a(o l#h#"o+ =%"a&t# lo ao <, # o&ti&% o& i&&o$aio&# im-o"ta&t# #& la -la&ta (# 'a/"iai& (# A"#6%i-a, #&t"# la 6%# # (#taa la -%#ta #& ma"ha (# mo(#"&o #t#"ili7a(o"# (# -"o#o o&ti&%o 6%# i&"#m#&ta"o& la a-ai(a( -"o(%ti$a ! aí lo*"a" ati'a#" la "#i#&t# (#ma&(a (# la -o/lai& &aio&al+ aia 'i&# (# lo ao < # a(6%i"i %& &%#$o #$a-o"a(o" 6%# # i&tal #& la Pla&ta (# Víto" -a"a -"o#a" l#h# (# la 7o&a (# la "%ta ha/it%al# (# "#o0o+
EMPRESAS: ?LORIA S+A+: E %&a #m-"#a lí(#" #& la -"o(%i& ! $#&ta (# l#h# ! !o*%"# *"aia a %&a am-aa (# ma"#ti&* "aio&al (# *"a& im-ato o"i#&ta(a a &io, a(ol##&t# ! 0$#&# 6%# &o lo im-%l la $#&ta (# la om-aía i&o 6%# o&t"i/%! tam/i.& a (#a""olla" #l m#"a(o (# lDt#o+
K;RA S+A+: =#(# 19 # ha o&tit%i(o #& %& im-o"ta&t# #0# (# (#a""ollo (# la Ma"o R#*i& S%" (#l P#", # #l %a"to -"o(%to" &aio&al (# #m#&to, li(#"a&(o #l a/at#imi#&to (#l m#"a(o ot#o ! a&(i&o (#l %" (#l P#"+ Ti#&# o&oli(a(o #l li(#"a7*o ! la a#-tai& #& % m#"a(o (# i&'l%#&ia *"aia a % #m#&to a(iio&a(o o& -%7ola&a &at%"al+ TR;PAL S+A+: Em-"#a -a-#l#"a (#(ia(a a la 'a/"iai& (# -a-#l# ! a"to&# a -a"ti" (# /a*a7o (#mo(%la(o (# aa (# a7a"+ EtD %/ia(a #& #l (it"ito (# Sa&tia*o (# Cao, -"o$i&ia (# Ao-#, #& #l (#-a"tam#&to (# La Li/#"ta(+ I&ii % o-#"aio&# #l 2 (# &o$i#m/"# (#l ao 19+ 8o"ma -a"t# (#l ?"%-o ?lo"ia (#(# #l 1 (# '#/"#"o (#l 2<<, ao #& #l 6%# #l ?"%-o toma la a(mi&it"ai& (# la #m-"#a+ + ?R;PO B;ENAVENT;RA ISTORIA:
8%&(a(a -o" #l (#taa(o *#lo*o Al/#"to B#&a$i(# #& 193, #l *"%-o B%#&a$#&t%"a # #l o&*lom#"a(o lí(#" (#l #to" mi&#"o -#"%a&o, -"i&i-alm#&t# a t"a$. (# % -a"tii-ai& (# 3 #& Ka&aoha, la ma!o" mi&#"a (# o"o (# Lati&oam."ia+ >B%#&a$#&t%"a # %&a #m-"#a mi&#"a -#"%a&a (#(ia(a a la i&(%t"ia #5t"ati$a ! ati$i(a(# oa@+ E& #t# am-o % -"i&i-al -"#o%-ai& # #5-lota" #& 'o"ma "aio&al lo "#%"o mi&#"o (# 6%# (i-o&#+ B%#&a$#&t%"a ti#&# omo o/0#ti$o -"i&i-al la #5-a&i& (# % ati$i(a(# ! # -o" #t# moti$o 6%# "#i&$i#"t# *"a& -a"t# (# % %tili(a(#, "#a&(o o-o"t%&i(a(# (# t"a/a0o+ B%#&a$#&t%"a "## 6%# (#/# "##" ! (#a""olla"# -a"a #ta" #& o&(iio&# (# -a"tii-a", aoia(a o& a-ital# -"i$a(o o #tatal#, &aio&al# o #5t"a&0#"o, #& #m-"#a (# ma!o" #&$#"*a(%"a+ B%#&a$#&t%"a # o&i#&t# (# 6%# %&o (# % (#/#"# -"i&i-al# haia #l -aí # la *#&#"ai& (# (i$ia, -#"o -i#&a 6%# #to &o # to(o+ B%#&a$#&t%"a, a-a"t# (# -a*a" lo im-%#to 6%# l# o""#-o&(#&, "## 6%# (#/# -a"tii-a" #& #l (#a""ollo #o&mio &aio&al ! #& -a"ti%la" #& #l (# la "#*io&# (o&(# o-#"a+ E& %a&to al (#a""ollo #o&mio &aio&al, ti#&# omo &o"ma a-o!a" a la i&(%t"ia &aio&al ma&%'at%"#"a (# i&%mo ! #6%i-o mi&#"o+ E& #l Dm/ito "#*io&al /"i&(a to(o #l a-o!o -oi/l# a lo -%#/lo al#(ao+ B%#&a$#&t%"a om-"#&(# 6%# #l .5ito (# % o-#"aio&# (#-#&(# #& *"a& m#(i(a (# la #'ii#&ia (# % -#"o&al+ Po" #llo ha# #l ma!o" #'%#"7o -oi/l# -a"a -o&#" #& -"Dtia -"o*"ama (# a-aitai& (#l -#"o&al a to(o &i$#l+ B%#&a$#&t%"a, -a"a lo*"a" #to o/0#ti$o, "#6%i#"# la o-timi7ai& o&ta&t# (# % o-#"aio&#, o& #l o/0#to (# m#0o"a" % "#&ta/ili(a( ! -o(#" aí ol$#&ta" la i&$#"io&# 6%# #t# -"o*"ama "#6%i#"# i& (#0a" (# at#&(#" la >l#*ítima #5-#tati$a (# % aio&ita+@
8%&(a(a -o" #l (#taa(o *#lo*o Al/#"to B#&a$i(# #& 193, #l *"%-o B%#&a$#&t%"a # #l o&*lom#"a(o lí(#" (#l #to" mi&#"o -#"%a&o, -"i&i-alm#&t# a t"a$. (# % -a"tii-ai& (# 3 #& Ka&aoha, la ma!o" mi&#"a (# o"o (# Lati&oam."ia+ EMPRESAS: E+M+ B;ENAVENT;RA: Eta # la -"i&i-al #m-"#a (#l *"%-o, %&a (# la mD im-o"ta&t# (#l m%&(o ! 6%# i"$# (# hol(i&* -a"a % (i$#"a i&$#"io&# mi&#"a+ El -"o*"#o (# B%#&a$#&t%"a ! #l i&"#m#&to (# la 'o"t%&a (# la 'amilia B#&a$i(#, # "#'l#0a #& #l $alo" (# m#"a(o (# Cía+ (# Mi&a B%#&a$#&t%"a+
+ ?R;PO 8ERREKROS+ ISTORIA: E&"i6%# 8#""#!"oA!%lo ! %& -#6%#o *"%-o (# oio '%&(a"o& #& 1922 la #m-"#a E&"i6%# 8#""#!"o ! Cía+ Soi#(a( #& Coma&(ita, la %al # (#(i #& % -"im#"o ao (# o-#"ai& a la om#"iali7ai& (# -"o(%to (# o&%mo mai$o+ V#i&t# ao mD ta"(#, la #m-"#a #5-#"im#&t %& *i"o t"a#&(#&tal, %a&(o tom la (#ii& (# a%mi" la "#-"##&tai& (# Cat#"-illa" T"ato" Co+ #& #l P#"+ A -a"ti" (# #&to&#, la om-aía i&%"io& #& &%#$o &#*oio ! om#&7 a "#(#'i&i" % a"t#"a (# li#&t#, ma"a&(o aí #l '%t%"o (#a""ollo (# to(a la o"*a&i7ai&+ =o (.a(a (#-%., #& la (.a(a (# lo <, ot"a lí&#a (# mD6%i&a ! #6%i-o omo Ma#!8#"*%o& l# #&om#&(a"o& % "#-"##&tai&+ Aimimo, '%# #& 192 6%# la #m-"#a o&"#t % i&"i-i& #& la Bola (# Valo"# (# Lima, o&$i"ti.&(o# #& %&a om-aía (# aio&a"ia(o (i'%&(i(o+ E& 191, la #m-"#a # t"a&'o"m #& oi#(a( a&&ima, omo -a"t# (# %& -"o#o (# mo(#"&i7ai& a 'i& (# "#'l#0a" la &%#$a #t"%t%"a aio&a"ia+ Ello la ll#$ 'i&alm#&t# a o&$#"ti"#, #& 199, #& %&a oi#(a( a&&ima a/i#"ta /a0o la (#&omi&ai& (# 8#""#!"o S+A+A+
EMPRESA: 8#""#!"o :E %&a #m-"#a 6%# /"i&(a lo #"$iio (# So-o"t#, S#"$iio T.&io, P"o*"ama (# Ca-aitai& ! S#"$iio E-#ial# #& ma6%i&a"ia, -"o(%to a*"íola ! 'o"#tal#+
+ BACU;S+ ISTORIA: El o"i*#& (# Ba% El o"i*#& (# Ba% # "#mo&ta al ao 1, ao #& #l 6%# lo #o"# Fao/o Ba% ! oa"( Foh&to&, (# &aio&ali(a( #ta(o%&i(#&#, '%&(a& %&a 'D/"ia (# hi#lo #& #l t"a(iio&al (it"ito (#l Ríma, la %al, # o&$i#"t# #& 19 #& Ba% Foh&to& B"##"! Lt(+ E& 19< t"a-aa"o& la 'i"ma a %&a oi#(a( o&'o"ma(a #& Lo&("#+ ito"ia a t"a$. (#l ti#m-o: 19: El o"i*#& (# Ba% El o"i*#& (# Ba% # "#mo&ta al ao 1, ao #& #l 6%# lo #o"# Fao/o Ba% ! oa"( Foh&to&, (# &aio&ali(a( #ta(o%&i(#&#, '%&(a& %&a 'D/"ia (# hi#lo #& #l t"a(iio&al (it"ito (#l Ríma, la %al, # o&$i#"t# #& 19 #& Ba% Foh&to& B"##"! Lt(+ E& 19< t"a-aa"o& la 'i"ma a %&a oi#(a( o&'o"ma(a #& Lo&("#+ 19: Ba% Foh&to& B"##"! Lt(+ # a(6%i"i(a -o" #m-"#a"io -#"%a&o Li(#"a(o -o" =o& Ria"(o B#&tí& M%0ia, 6%i#&# la o&$i#"t#& #& la C#"$##"ía Ba% Foh&to& S+A+, #ta/l#i#&(o %& #0#m-lo (# &aio&ali7ai& -o" i&iiati$a -"i$a(a ! aio&a"ia(o (i'%&(i(o+ 1993: I&a%*%"ai& Pla&ta (# At# Eta im-o"ta&t# i&$#"i& -#"miti o&ta" o& la a-ai(a( i&tala(a &##a"ia -a"a la #5-a&i& (#l m#"a(o #"$##"o, o&$i"ti.&(o# #& %&a (# la mD mo(#"&a (# Am."ia+
199: S# a(6%i#"# Com-aía Naio&al (# C#"$#7a S+A+ A(6%i#"# #l 2 (# la aio&# om%&# (# la Com-aía Naio&al (# C#"$#7a S+A+CNC), % -"i&i-al om-#ti(o" -o" mD (# %& i*lo, a(#mD (# i&*"#a" al m#"a(o (# a*%a ! *a#oa (#l -aí+ 199: C"#ai& (# ;&i& (# C#"$##"ía P#"%a&a Ba% ! Foh&to& S+A+A+ Co& %&a $ii& (# '%t%"o ! /%a&(o a-"o$#ha" la i&#"*ia #& #l &#*oio #"$##"o, #& 199 lo aio&ita (# C#"$##"ía Ba% ! Foh&to& S+A+, Com-aía Naio&al (# C#"$#7a S+A+, C#"$##"ía (#l No"t# S+A+ ! Soi#(a( C#"$##"a (# T"%0illo S+A+ (#i(#& '%io&a" la #m-"#a m#(ia&t# la i&o"-o"ai& (# to(a #lla #& Ba% la 6%# mo(i'ia % (#&omi&ai& "#a&(o a ;&i& (# C#"$##"ía P#"%a&a Ba% ! Foh&to& S+A+A+, la #m-"#a #"$##"a mD im-o"ta&t# (#l P#"+ 2<<<: S# a(6%i#"# Com-aía C#"$##"a (#l S%" (#l P#" S+A+ E& #l ao 2<<<, Com-aía C#"$##"a (#l S%" (#l P#" S+A+C#"$#%") -aa a 'o"ma" -a"t# (#l ?"%-o Ba%, o& #l o/0#ti$o (# o&oli(a" %&a om-aía a-a7 (# om-#ti" #'#ti$am#&t# #& %& #&to"&o *lo/ali7a(o+ 2<<2: El ?"%-o Em-"#a"ial Ba$a"ia i&*"#a al aio&a"ia(o (# Ba% 8o"tal#i.&(o&o al o&$#"ti"la #& -a"t# (# %&a im-o"ta&t# t"a&&aio&al am#"ia&a+ S# i&iia %& -"o#o (# la (#i&$#"i& #& #to"# 6%# &o o&tit%!# #l >o"#/%i&#@ o& la 'i&ali(a( (# o&oli(a" #l &#*oio #"$##"o ! (# /#/i(a, o& mi"a a %&a ma!o" om-#titi$i(a(+ 2<<: SABMill#" a(6%i#"# #l ?"%-o Em-"#a"ial Ba$a"ia Co& la '%i& (#l ?"%-o Em-"#a"ial Ba$a"ia ! SABMill#"-l, #m-"#a %(a'"ia&a, o& #(# #& Lo&("# -aamo a 'o"ma" -a"t# (#l #*%&(o *"%-o #"$##"o a &i$#l m%&(ial, o& -"##&ia #& mD (# < -aí# ! o& %& -o"ta'olio (# mD (# 1< ma"a+ El ?"%-o Ci&#"o (# V#%#la C#"$##"ía R#*io&al) $#&(i % -a"tii-ai& aio&a"ia #& ;&i& (# C#"$##"ía P#"%a&a Ba% ! Foh&to& S+A+A+ a SABMill#"-l+ 2<<: R#o"( (# $#&ta ! o&oli(ai& (#l -o"ta'olio (# ma"a El ?"%-o Ba% a&%&i #& ot%/"# (#l 2<< %& &%#$o ".o"( #& #l $ol%m#& (# $#&ta a&%ali7a(a (# % ma"a (# #"$#7a, ala&7a&(o %& total (# 1<+<2 #tolit"o+ A #to # %ma la o&oli(ai& (# % -o"ta'olio (# ma"a a t"a$. (# %&a a#"ta(a #t"at#*ia (# #*m#&tai&, -oiio&ami#&to ! m#&a0# la"am#&t# (i'#"#&ia(o -a"a a(a %&a (# % ma"a+ EMPPRESA: C%#&ta o& i&talaio&# ! -la&ta i&(%t"ial# #& to(a la "#*io&# (#l P#"+ A t"a$. (# %& om-l#to ! #'ii#&t# it#ma (# (it"i/%i& om#"iali7a % ma"a, o& %& -#"ma&#&t# #&'o6%# #& la ati'ai& (# lo li#&t# ! o&%mi(o"#+ El "#imi#&to (# la #m-"#a a t"a$. (# la ma"a o&tit%!# %&o (# lo -ila"# '%&(am#&tal# (# % -la& (# &#*oio+ La i&&o$ai& -#"ma&#&t#, l# -#"mit# #" la #m-"#a lí(#" (#l m#"a(o #"$##"o -#"%a&o, a"at#"i7D&(o# -o" la o&ta&t# i&$#"io&# #& i&'"a#t"%t%"a ! t#&olo*ía (# -%&ta, lo
6%# *a"a&ti7a la ali(a( (# % -"o(%to ! #"$iio+ Ma"a: La #m-"#a %#&ta o& (iti&to ti-o (# /#/i(a #& % -o"ta'olio+ C#"$#7a: At%alm#&t# %#&ta o& (i#7 $a"i#(a(# (# #"$#7a
C#"$#7a C"ital, ha i(o hit"iam#&t# la ma"a #m/l#ma (# la Co"-o"ai& Ba% ! # (#(# ha# m%ho ao la ma"a (# #"$#7a lí(#" (# $#&ta #& #l P#"+ Lo i&i*ht 6%# t"a&mit# C"ital o& #l $alo" (# la -#"%a&i(a(, la (i$#"i(a( ! #l o-timimo, 6%# # "#%m#& #& % #lo*a&: [C"ital, la #"$#7a (# lo -#"%a&o[+ C#"$#7a C%6%#a, # la $a"i#(a( (# #"$#7a -"#mi%m (# Ba% ! la 6%# %#&ta o& ma!o" "#o&oimi#&to i&t#"&aio&al+ S% (i#o ! a/o" hom#&a0#a& a la %lt%"a I&a+ C#"$#7a Pil#& Callao, # la #"$#7a o& mD a&ti*`#(a( #& #l P#", "i&(# hom#&a0# a la $#"(a(#"a amita(+ C#"$#7a Ba"#&a, # om#"iali7a (#(# 2<< ! "#-"##&ta a la #5-#"i#&ia &%#$a ! al "#la0o+ S# #&'oa #& #l -/lio 0o$#&+ C#"$#7a Ba% I#, # la mD "#i#&t# ma"a (#l -o"ta'olio (# Ba%, % a"at#"ítia -"i&i-al # #" %&a #"$#7a #5t"a '"ía #la/o"a(a a t#m-#"at%"a /a0o #"o+1 C#"$#7a Pil#& T"%0illo, #"$#7a o"i*i&a"ia (# la i%(a( (# T"%0illo, "#-"##&ta a lo $alo"# -"o-io (# #ta "#*i&+ C#"$#7a A"#6%i-#a, # la #"$#7a #m/l#mDtia (# la i%(a( (# A"#6%i-a ! "#-"##&ta a la t"a(ii& ! a"Dt#" (# lo a"#6%i-#o, % o&%mo # olam#&t# "#*io&al+ C#"$#7a Sa& F%a&, # la ma"a #m/l#mDtia (# la #l$a -#"%a&a, h#ha a /a# (# i&*"#(i#&t# &at%"al# ! "#-"##&ta a la '#lii(a(, % o&%mo # olam#&t# "#*io&al+ Mill#" ?#&%i&# ="a't, ma"a (# o"i*#& #ta(o%&i(#&#, (it"i/%i(a #5l%i$am#&t# -o" Ba% #& #l P#"+ C#"$#7a A/"a5a, # %&a #"$#7a Al# #la/o"a(a #& #l Vall# Sa*"a(o (# lo I&a, C%o, % -"o#o (# '#"m#&tai& %tili7a t"# ti-o (# l-%lo ! #/a(a malt#a(a la"a, a"am#lo ! tota(a), #to i&*"#(i#&t# l# -"o-o"io&a& %& *"a(o (# AlXVol+
P#"o&i Nat"o A77%""o, ma"a (# o"i*#& italia&o, (it"i/%i(a #5l%i$am#&t# -o" Ba% #& #l P#"+
+ ?R;PO AFE+
Nom/"# 6%# ha#& "#'#"#&ia a #t# *"%-o: ?"%-o AFE, *"%-o Uola R#al, ?"%-o Aao F#"i, ?"%-o Aao+
ISTORIA: 8%&(a(a ha# 23 ao, # %&a i&(%t"ia m%lti&aio&al o& hol(i&* #& E-aa ! -"##&ia #& 2< -aí#+ Pa"a ha#" '"#&t# a to(o lo m#"a(o, la om-aía ti#&# 22 'D/"ia, 2<+<<< ola/o"a(o"# ! 12< #&t"o (# (it"i/%i& -"o-io+ ;&a i&'"a#t"%t%"a 6%# ati#&(# mD (# %& mill& (# -%&to (# $#&ta, ! 6%# -#"mit#& $#&(#" a(a ao t"# mil millo&# (# lit"o (# /#/i(a, #&t"# #"$#7a, "#'"#o, /#/i(a #&#"*.tia, /#/i(a iot&ia, a*%a, 0%*o ! t.+ To(o omi#&7a #& 19, #& -l#&a "ii tal $#7 la -#o" (# la hito"ia -#"%a&a) (%"a&t# #l -"im#" *o/i#"&o (# Ala& ?a"ía, .-oa 6%# # a"at#"i7 -o" %&a i&'lai& *#&#"ali7a(a ! la $iol#&ia #5t"#ma -o" -a"t# (# S#&(#"o L%mi&oo ! #l MRTA+ E"a& ti#m-o (i'íil# -a"a la 'amilia AaoF#"i, i& (%(a, ! #l t#""o" 6%# # $i$ía #& a6%#l mom#&to &o l# -#"mitía $i$i" (# % t"a/a0o &o"mal, la a*"i%lt%"a+ Eo moti$ al -at"ia"a, E(%a"(o Aao P."#7, a (#-la7a"# (# % &atal Sa& Mi*%#l haia %ama&*a am/a #& A!a%ho)+ La mi"a(a a*%(a (# #t# #o" -#"miti o/#"$a" 6%# A!a%ho – -o" lo a6%#o o&ta&t# a lo amio&# "#-a"ti(o"# –6%#(a/a aila(o om#"ialm#&t#+ 8%# #& ## o&t#5to 6%# .l ! % #-oa Mi"tha F#"i, 0%&to o& % hi0o Fo"*#, &*#l, l$a"o, Vi!, A"t%"o ! Ca"lo (#i(i#"o& "#%&i" % aho""o -a"a lo*"a" %& ".(ito (# 3<+<<< (la"#+ Et# (i&#"o i"$i -a"a om-"a" ma6%i&a"ia # i&%mo o& lo %al 'a/"ia"ía& % -"o(%to #m/l#mDtio: Uola R#al+ La -"im#"a mD6%i&a 6%# a(6%i"i#"o& '%# llama(a >El Atah%al-a@, 6%# # #&%#&t"a #& %&a (# % &%m#"oa -la&ta #& P#"+ Ca/# #ala", &o o/ta&t#, 6%# h%/o i#"to 'ato"# 6%# -#"miti#"o& #l (#-#*%# (# #t# *"%-o 'amilia", #&t"# la 6%# # (#taa #l ailami#&to om#"ial 6%# t%$o #l %" (#l P#", lo %-o 6%# im-o&ía& lo t#""o"ita a to(o a6%#l 6%# (##a/a mo$ili7a"# -o" #a ti#""a ! la 'o"mai& -"o'#io&al (# lo h#"ma&o Aao #&
% ma!o"ía i&*#&i#"o)+ La -"im#"a *a#oa t#&ía& %& a/o" /ata&t# a*"a(a/l# la (# &a"a&0a) ! '%#"o& om#"iali7a(a #& #&$a# (# #"$#7a+ Eto #&$a# #t%$i#"o& $i*#&t# hata #l ao 199 a mD+ a# -oo ti#m-o # ha/la/a (# (i-%ta 'amilia"# #& (iho *"%-o+ Eto a% *"a& "#$%#lo !a 6%# o& 0%tam#&t# -o" #ta (i%io&# 6%# lo *"%-o (# -o(#" # #-a"a& ! t#"mi&a& $#&(i.&(o# omo -a o& GON?)+ Si& #m/a"*o, #ta 'amilia %-o ll#*a" al i*%i#&t# a%#"(o: El ma!o" (# lo h#"ma&o, Fo"*# Aao, # 6%#(a o& la ma"a Uola R#al+ Tam/i.& # l# o&#(# la #5l%i$i(a( (# la $#&ta (# lo -"o(%to (# AFEPER #& #l P#"+ K -o" i #to '%#"a -oo, &i&*& -"o(%to (# AFE?RO;P -o("D #&t"a" al m#"a(o /"ail#o i& #l o&#&timi#&to (# Fo"*#+ A"t%"o ! Ca"lo Aao # 6%#(a& o& A0#*"o%- #& C#&t"o Am."ia ! M.5io, "#-#ti$am#&t#+ El 0%*oo m#"a(o m#5ia&o #l 6%# mD *a#oa o&%m# #& #l m%&(o) 6%#(a"D al ma&(o, omo !a m#&io&amo, (# Ca"lo Aao+ &*#l Aao # 6%#(a"ía a a"*o (#l *i*a&t# m#"a(o aiDtio #to i&l%!# a Taila&(ia !, -"5imam#&t#, Chi&a)+ Mi#&t"a 6%# l$a"o # 6%#(a"ía o& V#%#la ! E%a(o"+ Vi!, -o" % la(o, 6%#(a al ma&(o (# la '%&(ai& E(%a"(o ! Mi"tha Aao+ At%alm#&t# AFE?RO;P -o## ma"a omo Bi* Cola, Uola R#al, O"o ! Ci'"%t ?%a"a&D #& *a#oa) 8"## ! Ci#lo #& a*%a) S-o"a(# #& /#/i(a #&#"*i7a&t#) 8"a&a ! Ca"al #& #"$#7a) P%l- ! Ci'"%t #& &.ta"#)+ AFE?RO;P #tD %/ia(o #& #l -%#to 12 #& #l [Ra&i&* (# la #m-"#a mD *lo/al# (# Am."ia Lati&a@, #la/o"a(o -o" Am."ia Eo&omía I&t#lli*#&#+ K ti#&# -a"tii-ai& #& lo i*%i#&t# -aí#: P#" A0#P#"), M.5io A0#M#5), Cota Ria A0#C#&), Taila&(ia A0#Thai), E%a(o" A0#%a(o"), V#%#la A0#V#&), Colom/ia A0#olom/ia) ! ?%at#mala A0#Ma!a)+
EMPRESA: El ?"%-o # (#(ia a 'a/"ia" ! om#"iali7a" -"o(%to i&&o$a(o"# ! (# ali(a( i&t#"&aio&al a -"#io m%! om-#titi$o -a"a lo o&%mi(o"# mD #5i*#&t#+ Eta #t"at#*ia l# -#"miti %&a #5itoa #5-a&i& #& lo -aí# (o&(# o-#"a at%alm#&t#+ El -la& (# la om-aía # am-lia" % &#*oio #& to(o #l m%&(o+
9+ BELCORP ISTORIA: La hito"ia (# B#lo"- # i&ii ha# ao, %a&(o la 'amilia B#lmo&t #m-#7 #l &#*oio 'amilia" o& #l &om/"# Ka&/al, (#(ia(o a (it"i/%i" -"o(%to om.tio (# ma"a i&t#"&aio&al#+ E(%a"(o B#lmo&t A&(#"o& i&*"# a la #m-"#a #& 19 omo *#"#&t# (# $#&ta, #& 19< a%mi la (i"#i& (#l &#*oio ! #& 19 "# la ma"a E/#l -a"a i&iia" o-#"aio&# #& Colom/ia+ E& 19 (#i(i i&(#-#&(i7a"# ! o&ti&%a" #& #l &#*oio o& % -"o-ia om-aía+ E& 1991 # la&7 la ma"a E/#l #& #l P#" #-#iali7a(a #& t"atami#&to 'aial, ma6%illa0# t"ata&t# ! alta -#"'%m#"ía+ E& 199 E/#l #$ol%io& ! # o&$i"ti #& E/#l I&t#"&aio&al (#a""olla&(o t#&olo*ía om.tia a t"a$. (# %&a alia&7a #t"at.*ia o& #l C#&t"o (# Bio(#"matolo*ía (# La/o"ato"io S#o/iolo*i6%#+ =#0a"o& #& #a .-oa (# %tili7a" la ma"a Ka&/al+ El 2<<< &ai la ma"a B#lo"- omo -a"a*%a ! "#-al(o -a"a la ma"a om#"ial# (# la #m-"#a+ Na# la ma"a C!/#"7o&#, (i"i*i(a al #to" 0%$#&il, #l 2<<3 la ma"a bia, (i"i*i(a al #*m#&to (# la m%0#"# 6%# (i'"%ta& (# %&a -"o-%#ta (# $itali(a( ! olo", ! ## mimo ao # o&tit%! la 8%&(ai& B#lo"- -a"a im-%la" #l (#a""ollo i&t#*"al (# la m%0#"+ Aimimo # la&7 P"i$il#*#, 6%# # o&$i"ti o& #ta ma"a #& la -"im#"a #m-"#a #& $#&ta (i"#ta o& %& -"o*"ama (# 'i(#li7ai& (# li#&t#+ El 2<< la ma"a E/#l # o&$i"ti #& LcB#l ! #$ol%io& tam/i.& % ima*#& -a"a "#'l#0a"
% $ii& (# '%t%"o ! -"o-ito (# t"a#&(#&ia+ El 2<1< la '%&(ai& B#lo"- !a o-#"a/a #& 1< -aí# ! #l &m#"o (# o&%lto"a !a %-#"a/a la <<,<<<+ o! ti#&# -"##&ia #& (i#i.i -aí# (#l o&ti&#&t# ! # a/at#i(a -o" -la&ta (# 'a/"iai& #ta/l#i(a #& 8"a&ia, Colom/ia, Chil# ! #l P#"+ EMPRESA: =#(ia(a a la -"o(%i& ! om#"iali7ai& (# -"o(%to (# /#ll#7a+ At%alm#&t#, om#"iali7a la ma"a EBEL I&t#"&atio&al #& P%#"to Rio, M.5io, V#%#la, Colom/ia, ?%at#mala, El Sal$a(o", P#", Boli$ia ! Chil#+ Lo -la&# (# #5-a&i& (# la m%lti&aio&al a-%&ta&, a(#mD (# Am."ia Lati&a a Aia ! Eta(o ;&i(o+
1<+ 8ALABELLA+ ISTORIA: S% o"i*#& # "#mo&ta a 19, %a&(o &a# omo la -"im#"a *"a& at"#"ía #& Chil# /a0o #l ma&(o (# Sal$ato"# 8ala/#lla+ Pot#"io"m#&t# # i&o"-o"a Al/#"to Sola"i, 6%i#& l# (a %& *"a& im-%lo a la ti#&(a i&o"-o"a&(o &%#$o -"o(%to ! loal# (# $#&ta+ S% -"im#" loal '%#"a (# Sa&tia*o (# Chil# o&t"%!# #& Co&#-i& #& 192+ C"#a % ta"0#ta (# ".(ito, CMR, #& 19<+ P"o(%to (# % #5-a&i&, tam/i.& ha #&t"a(o a ot"o &#*oio a t"a$. (# % 'ilial#: E& 199 8ala/#lla a/"# % -"im#"a a*#&ia (# t%"imo, Via0# 8ala/#lla+ At%alm#&t# la #m-"#a %#&ta o& mD (# 3 %%"al# a lo la"*o (# Chil# ! %%"al# #& P#", Colom/ia ! A"*#&ti&a+ A(iio&alm#&t# #& 1999 a(6%i#"# #l 2< (# 8a"maia
Ah%ma(a 6%# ti#&# -"##&ia #& Chil#, P#" ! M.5io)+ E& Chil# om-it# o& ot"a *"a&(# ti#&(a omo Ri-l#! Co"-+ S+A+ ! Pa"i #ta ltima # % -"i&i-al "i$al)+ S% #5-a&i& haia #l #5t#"io" # i&iia #& A"*#&ti&a o& %&a 'ilial #& M#&(o7a 1993)+ E& 199 i&*"#a al m#"a(o -#"%a&o o& la a(6%iii& (# la a(#&aSa*a+ 8ala/#lla ti#&# at%alm#&t# 33 ti#&(a #& Chil#, ti#&(a #& A"*#&ti&a M#&(o7a, Roa"io, C"(o/a, Sa& F%a&, B%#&o Ai"# ! (o #& la Ci%(a( A%t&oma (# B%#&o Ai"#, ! 1 #& P#" Lima, A"#6%i-a, T"%0illo, Chila!o, Pi%"a, Ca0ama"a # Ia)+ A(#mD, #& &o$i#m/"# (# 2<< i&a%*%" % -"im#" loal #& Colom/ia, #& #l C#&t"o Com#"ial Sa&ta'. (# Bo*otD+ A m#(ia(o (# ma!o (# 2<< a/"i % -%#"ta al &o"oi(#&t# (# la a-ital olom/ia&a, #& #l #&t"o om#"ial Pla7a Im-#"ial S;BA), (o&(# #& %& D"#a (# 1<+<<< mt2 ati#&(# a % li#&t#+ Lo -la&# (# #5-a&i& (# la a(#&a o&t#m-la& la a-#"t%"a (# oho ti#&(a mD #& lo -"5imo i&o ao, M#(#llí& a/i#"ta al -/lio #l 9 (# &o$i#m/"# (# 2<< #& #l #&t"o om#"ial Sa& =i#*o ! ot"a #& la mima i%(a( a/"i % -%#"ta #& 2<<+ E& 2<<9 # a/"#& la -%#"ta (# ot"o loal# #& la a-ital olom/ia&a %/ia(o #& #l /a""io Mo(#lia, #& #l #&t"o om#"ial a!%#lo haia #l &o"oi(#&t# (# la i%(a(, #& ;&i#&t"o, #& #l #&t"o om#"ial Bima at%alm#&t# #t# 'ala/#lla !a &o #5it#), #& #l #&t"o om#"ial ?al#"ía #& la loali(a( (# Cha-i&#"o ! #l -"im#"o #& #l %" (# la i%(a( #& #l &%#$o #&t"o om#"ial C#&t"o Ma!o", #t# ltimo i&a%*%"a(o #l 2 (# ma"7o (# 2<1<+ B#thia -o## #l 12+ (# 8ala/#lla+ La om-aía # o&t"ola(a -o" la 'amilia Sola"i, C&#o ! =#l Río, to(a #lla hil#&a+ M%! o&oi(a o& % am-aa -%/liita"ia, #&t"# la 6%# (#taa& [B#ll#7a, 1<< atit%([ -"ota*o&i7a(a -o" C#ilia Boloo, #5 Mi ;&i$#"o hil#&a, =ía 8a&tDtio =#(# #l 2<< # #limi& #l límit# (# lo (ía (#0D&(olo olo #& =ía 8a&tDtio), la O'#"tAho""o, R#/a0a o/"# "#/a0a, Pa%a 8#li7 -a"a To(o, #&t"# ot"o+ A(#mD, %#&ta o& %& -"o*"ama (# 'i(#li7ai& (# li#&t# llama(o CMR P%&to, 6%# (#-#&(# (# CMR, % a(mi&it"a(o"a (# ".(ito+ El 1 (# ma!o (# 2<<, 8ala/#lla a%#"(a % '%i& o& =S -a"a 'o"ma" la om-aía (#
"#tail mD *"a&(# (# Chil#, -#"o %& 'allo (#l T"i/%&al (# =#'#&a (# la Li/"# Com-#t#&ia (#l 31 (# #&#"o (# 2<< "#ha7 la o-#"ai&, (a&(o omo a"*%m#&to '%&(am#&tal# #l 6%# (# o&"#ta"#, la '%i& -"o(%i"ía %& #&o"m# am/io #& la #t"%t%"a (# m#"a(o, "#D&(o# %&a #m-"#a 6%# #"ía #l ato" (omi&a&t# #& #l "#tail i&t#*"a(o ! to(o % #*m#&to ! %&a (imi&%i& %ta&ial ! (%"a(#"a #& la o&(iio&# (# om-#t#&ia (#l m#"a(o 6%# i"ía #& -#"0%iio (# lo o&%mi(o"#+ E& &o$i#m/"# (# 2<1< a/"# % &%#$a ti#&(a #& #l #&t"o om#"ial Pa"6%# A"/ol#(a Pa"6%# A"a%o) (# la 'i"ma hil#&a #& la i%(a( (# P#"#i"a #& Colom/ia, -"o!#ta&(o #t# alma.& -o" (#-a"tam#&to omo #l &%#$o lí(#" #& la "#*i&+ E& 2<12 la S%/t#l a#-ta la oliit%( h#ha -o" 'ala/#lla -a"a o&$#"ti"# #& O-#"a(o" Mo$il Vi"t%al i&a%*%"a&(o (%"a&t# #l -"im#" T"im#t"# (#l 2<12 (iho #"$iio+ E& #l #*%&(o t"im#t"# (#l mimo ao, la a(#&a a/"# ot"a ti#&(a #& Bo*otD, #& #l C#&t"o Com#"ial TitD& Pla7a+
EMPRESA: N#*oio (# #"$iio 'i&a&i#"o a t"a$. (# Ba&o 8ala/#lla #& Chil#, P#" ! Colom/ia+ S%-#"m#"a(o Tott% #& Chil# ! P#")+
Ti#&(a -a"a #l #6%i-ami#&to ! m#0o"ami#&to (#l ho*a" So(ima, So(ima Co&t"%to" ! om##&t#"So(ima, o& -"##&ia #& Chil#, P#", Colom/ia ! A"*#&ti&a)+ 8a/"iai& (# $#t%a"io # i&$#"io&# i&mo/ilia"ia #& #&t"o om#"ial#+ 11+ REPSOL ISTORIA: E-aa $i$ía %&a (# % .-oa -olítia mD a*ita(a+ CAMPSA Com-aía A""#&(ata"ia (#l Mo&o-olio (# P#t"l#o S+A) &a# #& lo ltimo ao (#l =i"#to"io Ci$il, -"#i(i(o -o" P"imo (# Ri$#"a, #l 1 (# ot%/"# (# 192+ S% '%&i& #"a a(mi&it"a" la o&#i& (#l mo&o-olio #tatal (# -#t"l#o, #*& #l R#al =#"#to L#! (#l 2 (# 0%&io #miti(o ## mimo ao ! -"omo$i(o -o" #l Mi&it"o (# ai#&(a (# #&to&#, Fo. Cal$o Sot#lo+ O"i*i&alm#&t#, CAMPSA '%# %&a #m-"#a mi5ta o& -a"tii-ai& mi&o"ita"ia (#l Eta(o, 6%# *a& la o&#i& #& 192+ La "#ai& (# CAMPSA # (#0 #&ti" #& #l -"o*"#o i&(%t"ial #-aol, ! -"i&i-alm#&t# #& la i&(%t"ia "#'i&a(o"a+ EMPRESA: E %&a oi#(a( a&&ima #-aola o& #(# #& Ma("i(, #& % o"i*#& 'o"ma(a -o" la a*"%-ai& (# %&a #"i# (# om-aía, -"#$iam#&t# -#"t#&#i#&t# al I&tit%to Naio&al (# i("oa"/%"o IN), o& ati$i(a(# #& la #5-lo"ai&, -"o(%i&, t"a&-o"t# ! "#'i&o (# -#t"l#o! *a+ A(#mD 'a/"ia, (it"i/%!# ! om#"iali7a (#"i$a(o (#l -#t"l#o, -"o(%to -#t"o6%ímio ! *a li%a(o ! $#&(# *a &at%"al+
12+ PECSA ISTORIA: =%"a&t# la -"im#"a mita( (# la (.a(a (# lo 9< %& *"%-o (# -#"%a&o t%$o %& %#o: o&tit%i" %&a #m-"#a (# (it"i/%i& (# om/%ti/l# (# a-ital# 1<< -#"%a&o 6%# om-ita o& la *"a&(# m%lti&aio&al# ! 6%# ll#$# #&#"*ía (# ali(a( a mD -#"%a&o+ E# %#o # hi7o "#ali(a( #& #ti#m/"# (# 199+ S# o/t%$o #l -#"mio -a"a i&iia" o-#"aio&# -o" -a"t# (#l Mi&it#"io (# E&#"*ía ! Mi&a #& 0%lio (# 199, %& m# (#-%. "#ali7 % -"im#" (#-aho+ La $#&ta i&iial# "#i#"o& "D-i(am#&t#, #l i&*"#o (# PECSA o"i*i& %& am/io (# la o&(iio&# (#l m#"a(o (# om/%ti/l#+ El -"o'%&(o o&oimi#&to (# &%#t"o t#""ito"io, (# &%#t"a &##i(a(# ! ot%m/"# '%#"o& im-o"ta&t# (i'#"#&ial# '"#&t# a la #m-"#a #5t"a&0#"a, #to a!%( a *#&#"a" #m-atía, "#(i/ili(a( ! o&'ia&7a+ EMPRESA: B"i&(a -"o(%to ! #"$iio: d Etaio&# (# S#"$iio+ d V#&ta I&(%t"ial+ d Com/%ti/l#+
d L%/"ia&t# ! ?"aa+ d Ti#&(a (# Co&$#&i#&ia+
13+ SCOTIABANU
ISTORIA: 8%&(a(o #& ali'a5, N%#$a Eoia #& 132, o& #l &om/"# (# ML#o( Ko%&* G#i" Co+ Lt(+ El 1 (# '#/"#"o (# 1921 #ta/a #& ma&o (# =o&al( I$a&ML#o(, Gilliam Ea"t Ko%&*, Fam# ?o"(o& G#i", ! Foh& #&"! Ratli''# tam/i.& o&oi(o omo a""!+ K # #& #t# mom#&to %a&(o #l /a&o la&7 %&a #5-a&i& o& la a-#"t%"a (# o'ii&a #&t"# #lla #& Gi&(o", N%#$a Eoia+ S% #5-a&i& # o&#&t" #& #5l%i$a a la -"o$i&ia ma"ítima a&a(i#&#, hata 6%# #& 12 #& #l 6%# #l /a&o a/"i %&a %%"al #& la i%(a( (# Gi&&i-#*, Ma&ito/a+ La %%"al (# Ma&ito/a, -o" /a0o "#&(imi#&to, '%# la%%"a(a, -#"o al o&t"a"io (# lo 6%# -%(i#"a -a"##", ! omo "#%lta(o (# ha/#" *#&#"a(o &#*oio #& %&a i%(a( a*"íola omo lo #"a Gi&&i-#*, a&im al /a&o a #5-a&(i"# ! a a/"i" %%"al# #& #l M#(io4O#t# i&l%!#&(o la (o *"a&(# i%(a(# (# Mi&&#a-oli ! Chia*o+ Sotia/a& tam/i.& a/"i %%"al# #& M.5io, /a0o #l &om/"# om#"ial (# [Sotia/a& I&$#"lat[ a/a"a&(o lo t"ato -#"o&al#, /a&o (# &#*oio ! lo -".tamo -a"a oh#+ E& 19<<, El Ba& o' No$a Sotia t#&ía 3 %%"al# a/i#"ta a lo la"*o (# Ca&a(D, Lo Eta(o ;&i(o ! Famaia+ E& #l 191< #& P%#"to Rio+ E& Ca&a(D, #l /a&o -"#ta/a % #"$iio #& to(a la -"o$i&ia ma"ítima, Y%#/#, O&ta"io ! Ma&ito/a+ E& 192, El Ba& o' No$a Sotia '%# #l -"im#" /a&o (# Ca&a(D #& #ta/l##"# #& N#'o%&(la&(, ao a&t# (# i&o"-o"a"# a Ca&a(D+
Em-"#a: 1+ Ba&a (om#tia: /a&a mi&o"ita ! ma!o"ita ! #"$iio (# /a&a -"i$a(a #& Ca&a(D+ 2+ Ba&o i&t#"&aio&al: #"$iio (# /a&a mi&o"ita ! ma!o"ita+ 3+ S#"$iio (# /a&a (# i&$#"i& ! m#"a(o (# a-ital# #& Ca&a(D ! a &i$#l i&t#"&aio&al+ + O-#"aio&# (# i&t#"m#(iai& 'i&a&i#"a -#"miti(a a lo /a&o mlti-l#+ + A(mi&it"ai& (# 'o&(o m%t%o+ + =#-ito+ + V#"i'iai& (omiilia"ia ! o/"a&7a+ + P"omoi& (# P"o!#to I&mo/ilia"io+ 9+ I&t#"m#(iai& (# $alo"#+ 1<+ A(mi&it"ai& (# -at"imo&io 'i(#iom#ti(o (# tit%li7ai&+
1+ COORPORACION GON?+ E %&o (# lo *"%-o 6%# #&*lo/a a la #m-"#a #-#iali7a(a #& la om#"iali7ai& mai$a (# -"o(%to o #"$iio %&i'o"m# a *"a&(# a&ti(a(# (# li#&t#, o& -"##&ia #& lima, A"#6%i-a, allao, T"%0illo , Chila!o, Lam/a!#6%# ! Ca0ama"a lí(#" #& #l "%/"o (# %-#"m#"a(o #& P#"+ RESEA ISTORICA La hito"ia (# la a(#&a (# %-#"m#"a(o mD #m/l#mDtia (#l -aí om#&7 %a&(o E"amo Go&* Chia&* '%&( %&a -#6%#a /o(#*a #& la a$#&i(a =o (# Ma!o, #& 192+ =#(# #&to&# (o& E"amo ! % #-oa a&*#la # (#(ia"o& ha#" (# % ti#&(a la m#0o" (# lima, % hi0o (#(# m%! -#6%#o # (#(ia"o& al &#*oio 'amilia" ! '%#"o& #llo #& 193 o& #l li(#"a7*o (# E"amo ! #l ma!o" (# lo h#"ma&o lo 6%# 8%&(a& la -"im#"a ti#&(a (# la 6%# # #& la at%ali(a( la a(#&a lí(#" (#l -aí #& %-#"m#"a(o+ At%alm#&t# %#&ta o& ti#&(a #&t"# % ma"a – Go&* ! m#t"o – o& -"##&ia #& lima, T"%0illo, Chila!o, Lam/a!#6%# ! Ca0ama"a ! %& #6%i-o (# mD (# 11,<<<
