Business Plan Sapi Perah

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Boic 4 NYC' ]LIHYO [BCNLG CL]LG V;AL<<6<:

ISIMYQJXI ]YNNL[Z V{baye}j }y}y aloln gi`i{j kl{y kj}l ninl}be qjale oikjc al{j =6) al{j vi{njgqllg gl}jbglo/ }j}lgzl 06) ki{l}lo al{j jnvb{/ vlalclo ebgaj}j `ib`{lhj}/ iebob`j/ alg ei}yky{lg olclg ajkiki{lvl pjolzlc Jgabgi}jl ninjojej el{leqi{j}qje zlg` mbmbe ygqye vig`inklg`lg l`{jkj}gj} vi{}y}ylg'

Nig`jg`lq

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loln

Jgabgi}jl/

kl`j

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VIGALCYOYLG

L' Olql{ Kiolelg` Aloln viql vi{al`lg`lg jgqi{gl}jbglo }y}y }i`l{ nlyvyg v{baye }y}y/ }llq jgj Jgabgi}jl ki{lal vlal vb}j}j }ikl`lj giq.my}qbni{' Jgay}q{j vig`bolclg }y}y gl}jbglo nl}jc }lg`lq ki{`lgqyg` vlal jnvb{ klclg kley }y}y/ v{baye}j }y}y aloln gi`i{j kl{y kj}l n inl}be qjale oikjc al{j =6) al{j vi{njgqllg gl}jbglo/ }j}lgzl 06) ki{l}lo al{j jnvb{/ vlalclo ebgaj}j `ib`{lhj}/ iebob`j/ alg ei}yky{lg olclg ajkiki{lvl pjolzlc Jgabgi}jl ninjojej el{leqi{j}qje zlg` mbmbe ygqye vig`inklg`lg l`{jkj}gj} vi{}y}ylg' Nig`jg`lq vbqig}j }ynki{alzl loln Jgabgi}jl/ kl`j vig`inklg`lg l`{jkj}gj} vi{}y}ylg lalolc j{bgj} djel }ikl`jlg ki}l{ al{j eikyqyclg }y}y Jgabgi}jl nl}jc cl{y} ajjnvb{' Cjolg`gzl ei}invlqlg

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clgzl alvlq ninigycj }ikl`jlg eikyqyclg cjayv' Nigy{yq nlgldinig nbai{g }lvj vi{lc/ }elol iebgbnj} kj}l ajmlvlj aig`lg eivinjojelg <6. <; ieb{ }lvj vi{lc" viqi{gle'

K' Nle}ya alg Qydylg Nle}ya alg qydylg VQ' CLY] JGABGI]JL ajlgql{lgzl 4 

Ninkyel olvlg`lg ei{dl kl{y/

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Nigjg`elqlqelg }elol y}lcl/

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Nig`bvqjnloelg vbqig}j ajkjalg` viqi{glelg/ klje vbqig}j loln/ alg jgh{l}qyeqy{ zlg` }iolnl jgj }yalc ki{dlolg/

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Nigjg`elqelg v{baye}j }y}y }i`l{ aloln {lg`el }yvolz eivlal JV] }ikl`lj kyeqj eidiol}lg dlnjglg vl}l{ }y}y }i`l{ zlg` qi{y} nigjg`elq vi{njgqllgzl/ }i{ql nigjg`elqelg }y}y nl}zl{lelq'

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Nigygdlg` Vini{jgqlc Ali{lc aloln v{b`{ln Bqbgbnj Ali{lc nioloyj ebgq{jky}j qi{clalv Vigalvlqlg L}oj Ali{lc #VLA*'

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Vig`imi{ }y}y'

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Vinl}l{lg olg`}yg` eivlal Ebg}ynig'

K' Ql{`iq Vl}l{ Ygqye nigjg`elqelg eiygqyg`lg zlg` oikjc klje nlel }l}l{lg vinl}l{lg lelg oikjc klje klgzle ajl{lcelg eivlal vinl}l{lg olg`}yg` ei ebg}ynig' Vigdylolg }y}y olg`}yg` eivlal ebg}ynig aloln kigqye ny{gj qlgvl ajbolc nlyvyg aloln kigqye }y}y bolclg lelg ninki{jelg nl{`jg zlg` oikjc ki}l{ el{igl gjolj dylo eivlal ebg}ynig olg`}yg` dlyc oikjc qjg``j ajklgajg` aig`lg vigdylolg ei JV] # Jgay}q{j Vig`bolclg ]y}y*'

M' ]q{lqi`j Vinl}l{lg 

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V{jmi

> Aloln nigigqyelg cl{`l lal kiki{lvl hleqb{ zlg` ki{vig`l{yc/ }ivi{qj/ kjlzl xl{jlkio/ kjlzl qiqlv/  dynolc vi}ljg`'

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L' Obel}j alg Olclg VQ CLY] JGABGI]JL aj{igmlglelg ki{obel}j aj elej @ygyg` @iai Eioy{lclg ]yklg`dlzl Eimlnlqlg Mjeboi Ebql ]yelkynj/ aig`lg }ycy {lql.{lql <3.=66M/ my{lc cydlg ki{ej}l{ lgql{l ;666.=966 nn"qlcyg/ alg eioinklvlg {iolqjxi #[C* 39) ki{lal vlal eiqjg``jlg 366 }"a :66 al{j vi{nyellg vi{nyellg olyq aig`lg klql} klql} pjolzlc4 

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<' Vi{elgalg`lg Vi{elgalg`lg qi{kl`j nigdlaj kiki{lvl kl`jlg zlg` ajkialelg ki{al}l{elg vi{jbai viniojcl{llg' l'

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k'

Elgalg` ]lvj Ei{jg`lg Elgalg` nig`yglelg }j}qin qyg``lo/ aig`lg yey{lg {ylg`lg 1 n S 1 n"jgajxjay aig`lg }elqlg elgalg` ki{klclg klnky aig`g qjg``j < n/ qi{gle qjale aj jelq' Ajoig`elvj aig`lg qinvlq vlelg aig`lg eialolnlg <6 mn alg oikl{ 96 mn alg qinvlq njgyn 96 S 16 mn'

m'

Elgalg` ]lvj Al{l Elgalg` }lvj al{l }lnl clogzl aig`lg elgalg` }lvj oleql}j nig`yglelg }j}qin }lojg` ninkiolelg`j ‟qljo qb qljo„/ aig`lg

yey{lg aj{lql.{lqlelg
Elgalg` ]lvj El{lgqjgl Elgalg` nig`yglelg }j}qin nbgjqb{jg` qyg``lo/ aig`lg yey{lg oikjc oyl} al{j vlal elgalg` }lvj oleql}j aj{lql.{lqlelg ; n S
i'

Elgalg` Viaiq <*

Elgalg` Jgajxjaylo Elgalg` nig``yglelg nbaio vlg``yg` aig`lg {ylg`lg zlg` qi{}ielq.}ielq zlg` ki{klclg klnky alg elzy/ aig`lg yey{lg < S ; n;"{ylg`lg alg qjg``j }elqlg < n' Viaiq ajqinvlqelg vlal elgalg` jgj yny{ =.3 njg``y' Elgalg` jajxjaylo jgj ajoig`elvj aig`lg qinvlq vlelg'

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;' Viniojcl{llg Qi{gle Yvlzl

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viniojcl{llg

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vi{lc

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Qi{gle/

Vinki{jlg

Vlelg

Qi{gle

alg

Ei}iclqlg'

Viniojcl{llg }lvj vi{lc ajoleyelg aloln }ikylc elgalg` aloln }lqy elpl}lg }icjg``l vinkjgllg/ vig`lpl}lg alg vig`igalojlg y}lcl oikjc ihieqjh' Ei`jlqlg vi{lplqlg qi{gle zlg` oljg/ lgql{l oljg lalolc

vi{lplqlg qykyc qi{gle/ vinki{}jclg alg }lgjql}j elgalg` qi{nl}ye ajalolngzl ei`jlqlg ninki{}jcelg kle nlelglg alg njgynlg' Vinki{jlg vlelg qi{gle ajoleyelg nigy{yq eiqigqylg l`l{ klclg vlelg zlg` ajki{jelg alvlq nigmyeyvj dynolc alg gjolj `jtj zlg` ajkyqycelg qi{gle ygqye ki{v{baye}j' Digj} vlelg qi{gle zlg` ajki{jelg qi{aj{j lql} Cjdlylg alg Ebg}igq{lq' Qi{gle zlg` ajy}lclelg lalolc qjvi qi{gle q i{gle vi{lc/ aig`lg klg`}l }lvj H{ji} Cbo}qljg ajalqlg`elg al{j ki{kl`lj ali{lc/ zlg` qigqygzl ajoleyelg vigzioie}jlg al{j }jo}jolc alg vi{vbnig qi{gle jqy }igaj{j/ vigzioie}jlg ajoleyelg boic QJN' Viniojcl{llg qi{gle ajnle}yaelg l`l{ qi{gle vi{lc qiqlv aloln ebgaj}j klje alg alvlq nig`cl}joelg }y}y aig`lg eylojql} alg eylgqjql} zlg` klje' Vi{lplqlg qi{gle jgj niojvyqj kiki{lvl vi{jbai }lvj/ lgql{l oljg l'

]lvj Oleql}j Nioleyelg viniojcl{llg vlal }lvj oleql}j ajoleyelg }iml{l {yqjg lgql{l oljg vinki{jlg vlelg/ vini{lclg/ ninlgajelg alg oljg.oljg ajoleyelg }iml{l qi{lqy{ alg qjale ki{yklc.yklc' El{igl vi{yklclg vi{oleylg alvlq alvlq nig`lejklqelg qy{yggzl v{baye}j }y}y' Nioleyelg vinki{}jclg klalg }lvj qydylggzl l`l{  ei}iclqlggzl qi{dl`l alg l`l{ lj{ }y}y vlal }llq vini{lclg kigl{.kigl{ ki{}jc'Qydylg yqlnl al{j y}lcl viqi{glelg }lvj vi{lc lalolc v{baye}j v{baye}j

}y}y/ djel djel ejql ki{cl}jo nini{lc nlel

y}lcl zlg` ejql dlolgelg ki{cl}jo/ boic el{igl jqy ejql cl{y} kiqyo  ” kiqyo kiei{dl aig`lg qieyg alg oikjc `jlq l`l{ y}lcl zlg` }ialg` ejql dlolgelg alvlq nigmlvlj cl}jo zlg` ninyl}elg' ]ikioyn ejql niole}lglelg vini{lclg/ qi{oikjc alcyoy cl{y} ajoleyelg vini{je}llg qi{clalv }lvj zlg` lelg ajvi{lc' Djel }lvj qi{}ikyq aloln ebgaj}j }iclq nlel alvlq ajoleyelg vini{lclg/ lvlkjol }lvj jqy aloln eilallg }lejq nlel qjale alvlq ajoleyelg vini{lclg alg ejql cl{y} nini{je}l qi{oikjc alcyoy }lvj qi{}ikyq lvl zlg` nigziklkelg }lvj jqy qi{}i{lg` vigz}ejq' Olg`elc ” Olg`elc ” olg`elc vini{lclg }lvj vi{lc lalolc }ikl`lj ki{jeyq 4

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Ajloleyelg }lgjql}j elgalg` al{j ebqb{lg }ivi{qj hli}i}/ lj{  }igj alg }j}l.}j}l nlelglg zlg` ki{kly' Ebqb{lg.ebqb{lg qi{}ikyq }ioljg alvlq nigminl{j lj{ }y}y}/ klygzl alvlq qi{}i{lv eialoln lj{ }y}y }iklk lj{ }y}y ninvygzlj }jhlq zlg` alvlq nigzi{lv kly'

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Ninlgajelg alg ninki{}jcelg }lvj zlg` cigale ajvi{lc qi{yqlnl vlal kl`jlg lnkjg` alg kl`jlg kiolelg` }lvj'

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Lnkjg` alg ojvlqlg vlcl #vlcl kl`jlg aloln* ajki{}jcelg aig`lg }l{l aj}j{ln lj{ alg ajioy} aig`lg nig``yglelg qlg`lg'

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Vb}j}j ayaye }j vini{lc ki{lal aj}ikiolc elglg/ alg ki{lal l`le }ikiolc aivlg elej kiolelg` }lvj' Qlg`lg ej{j }ipleqy. pleqy alvlq }jlv nigdl`l alg niglclg elej }lvj kjol lelg nigigalg` lqly nig`jgdle inki{' Qlg`lg elglg }jlv ygqye niojgayg`j lqly ninjgalcelg inki{ viglnvyg` }y}y al{j al{j

qigalg`lg

lqly

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nig`boi}elg xl}ojgi vlal vyqjg` }lvj/ l`l{ vyqjg` }y}y qjale oimiq lejklq vini{lclg' 

Vini{lc nioleyelg vini{lclg aig`lg ml{l nioleyleg vigielglg al{j kl`jlg lql} lnkjg` ei klplc }iml{l ki{y{yqlg' Vini{lclg ajoleyelg cjg``l }y}y kigl{.kigl{  eb}bg`'

k'

]lvj Ei{jg`lg ]iey{lg`.ey{lg`gzl ; kyolg }ikioyn }lvj niolcj{elg/ ajoleyelg ei{jg` ei{jg` elgalg` lqly qjale kboic kboic aj vi{lc' Clo jgj vi{oy ajole}lglelg ygqye ninki{jelg ei}invlqlg j}qj{lclq vlal }io.}io lnkjg` ygqye ninvi{}jlvelg v{baye}j }y}y zlg` lelg alqlg`'  Lalvyg ml{l aloln nioleyelg nioleyelg ei{jg` elgalg` elgalg` 4 

Vini{lclg ki{}iolg` ]lvj zlg` kjl}lgzl ajvi{lc ; eloj }icl{j ajoleyelg vini{lclg

}ieloj }ldl aloln }icl{j }iolnl ;.= cl{j zlg` einyajlg

ajvi{dl{lg` ol`j aig`lg vini{lclg ; cl{j }ieloj ainjejlg }iqi{y}gzl' 

Vini{lclg qle oig`elv Nini{lc clgzl }ikl`jlg }y}ygzl lqly qjale }lnvlj }y}y jqy

eb}bg`' Aig`lg xl{jlkio pleqy ki{}iolg` einkloj' 

Nig`cigqjelg vini{lclg Vinki{jlg {lg}yn alg cjdlyg ajey{lg`j/ aig`lg ainjejlg

v{baye}j }y}y lelg nigy{yg alg lj{ }y} lelg nigynvye aloln lnkjg` }icjg``l nigielg eioigdl{ }y}y} alg qi{cigqjgzl v{baye}j }y}y' m'

Viniojcl{llg Al{l Viniojcl{llg }lvj al{l ajoleyelg }iml{l {yqjg al{j nyolj }lgjql}j qi{gle nlyvyg vinki{jlg vlelg

el{igl einlnvylg

}lvj al{l aloln niolcj{elg lgle }i{ql ki{v{baye}j }lg`lq ajvig`l{ycj boic eiayl clo qi{}ikyq' ]lvj al{l vi{qlnl eloj ajelpjgelg }iqiolc }lvj ki{yny{
Viniojcl{llg Viaiq Vlal lgle }lvj zlg` kl{y ajolcj{elg ninj}lcelg lgle }lvj qi{}ikyq ei elgalg` ecy}y} ygqye ajoleyelg viglg`lglg/ lgql{l oljg 4 

Niginvlqelg lgle }lvj vlal elgalg` zlg` ki{lol}elg  di{lnj ei{jg`'

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Oigaj{ zlg` qi{alvlq aloln cjayg` alg nyoyqgzl ajkylg` #ajki{}jcelg*'

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Ninki{}jcelg }ioy{yc kl`jlg klalg lgle }lvj al{j oigaj{  aig`lg nig``yglelg olv ei{jg`'

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Nig`lgelq eiayl elej kiolelg` eilql} aig`lg kl`jlg eivlol ki{lal ajvb}j}j klplc/ einyajlg eiayl elej kiolelg` ajglje qy{ygelg }iml{l ki{yolg`.yolg`'



]iqiolc ajajalnelg ¼ =6 nigjq/ jgaye }lvj zlg` niolcj{elg ajvi{lc alg }y}y ajki{jelg eivlal lglegzl aig`lg niajl inki{/ vinki{jlggzl ajklgqy aig`lg nig`yglelg qlg`lg viqi{gle zlg` }yalc ajojny{j ajojny{j }y}y eialoln nyoyq nyoyq lgle }lvj }iml{l vi{olclg zlg` glgqjgzl lelg aj}lv.j}lv lgle }lvj/ oloy }iajejq.}iajejq nyoyq lgle }lvj ajqygqyg eialoln inki{ zlg` }yalc ki{j}j }y}y'

=' Vinki{jlg Vlelg l' ]lvj oleql}j Ajel{igelg }lvj oleql}j ajcl{lvelg nig`cl}joelg }y}y zlg` bvqjnlo/ cjdlylg ajki{jelg }iklgzle ¼ =9 e`"ieb{"cl{j alg ebg}igq{lq 9/1 e`"ieb{"cl{j/ aig`lg ; eloj vinki{jlg vl`j alg }b{i cl{j' Vinki{jlg ebg}igq{lq ajki{jeln }i}yalc vini{lclg vlal pleqy vl`j/ alg }iqiolc ajoleyelg vini{lclg ajki{jelg ebg}igq{lq aig`lg qig``lg` pleqy ¼ 19 nigjq alg vinki{jlg ebg}igq{lq vlal }llq }b{i cl{j ajki{jelg }ikioyn vini{lclg aig`lg qig``lg` pleqy ¼=6 nigjq einyajlg cjdlylg ajki{jelg' Vinki{jlg njgyn ajki{jelg }iml{l laojkjqyn' k' ]lvj ei{jg` elgalg` elgalg` Ajel{igelg }lvj ei{jg` elgalg`/ cjdlylg ajki{jelg }iklgzle ¼ =9 e`"ieb{"cl{j alg ebg}igq{lq 9/1 e`"ieb{"cl{j/ aig`lg ayl eloj vinkijlg vl`j alg }b{i cl{j' Vinki{jlg cjdlylg ajki{jelg aloln ayl eloj vinki{jlg vlal }llq vl`j alg }b{i cl{j }i}yalc vinki{jlg ebg}igqlq' Vinki{jlg njgyn ajki{jelg }iml{l laojkjqyn' m' ]lvj al{l Vlal }lvj al{l cjdlylg ajki{jelg }iklgzle ¼ =9 e`"ieb{"cl{j alg ebg}igq{lq
Viaiq ajki{jelg }y}y }iklgzle ;/9 ojqi{"ieb{"cl{j }iolnl 1 kyolg ygqye viaiq kiqjgl alg ygqye dlgqlg ;/9 ojqi{"cl{j"ieb{"}iolnl ; kyolg' Vinki{jlg aj ki{jelg aloln ayl eloj vinki{jlg vinki{jlg vl`j alg }b{i }b{i cl{j'

1' Vinkjkjqlg Nioleyelg vig`lqy{lg vi{elpjglg aig`lg ml{l 4 l'

Niojclq eilallg qi{gle/ al{j yny{ alg qlgal.qlgalgzl'

k'

Mlqlqlg {iv{baye}j {iv{baye}j }ivi{qj elvlg elvlg ajelpjgelg/ ajelpjgelg/ elvlg ki{lgle/ ei`y`y{lg alg kl`ljnlgl lglegzl'

m'

Vidlgqlg zlg` aj`yglelg aloln JK' Vi{jbai kj{lcj }lvj ajl}yn}jelg {lql.{lql ;6 cl{j }ieloj/ aig`lg

nl}l kj{lcj ki{olg`}yg` {lql.{lql <8 dln ygqye }lvj kiqjgl' Qlgal. qlgalgzl lgql{l oljg 4 l'

]lvj `ioj}lc alg }ioloy ki{qi{jle.qi{jle'

k'

Einloylggzl kig`ele/ ni{lc alg nig`ioyl{elg nig`ioyl{elg oigaj{ zlg` zlg` kigjg` alg nig``lgqyg`'

m'

Nioivl}elg aj{j al{j jelqlg alg }lvj ki{}jhlq oikjc leqjh'

a'

Glh}y nlelg ki{ey{lg`'

]iqiolc nioleyelg vini{je}llg ajlql} alg }lvj olzle ygqye ajelpjgelg/ nlel JK alvlq ajoleyelg boic viqy`l} JK lqly nlgq{j '

9' Ei}iclqlg Qi{gle l' Vigmi`lclg Vigzlejq Vinki{jlg Xjqlnjg LAIE alg K Ebnvoie ajoleyelg }iqjlv }lqy kyolg }ieloj l`l{ ei}iclqlg qi{gle qi{dl`l/ el{igl aig`lg qi{dl`lgzl ei}iclqlg qi{gle/

v{b}i} v{baye}j ki{dlolg }i}ylj

aig`lg lvl zlg` ajcl{lvelg' k' Qjgalelg Vig`lnlglg  Lvlkjol qi{dlaj }i`i{l ajoleyelg j}bol}j aig`lg niginvlqelg qi{gle vigai{jql vlal elgalg` el{lgqjgl' m' Vigzlejq zlg` }i{jg` nigzi{lg` }lvj vi{lc zljqy K{ymioob}j}/ nl}qjqj}/ kig`ele vlal elej #olnjgjqj}*' Lk}i} #lk}mi}i}}*/ einkyg` vi{yq #koblq* alg q{lynlqje #oyel alg vlqlc qyolg`*'

<* K{y}ioob}j} K{y}ioob}j} ni{yvlelg digj} vigzlejq nigyol{/ zlg` nigzlklkelg qi{dlaj ei`y`y{lg' Vig`bklqlg k{y}ioob}j} jgdie}j kjb}lg/ xisqb{z OL/ vig}qiv / alg mbgq{jnis' Alg nig`ioyl{elg vol}igql zlg` nl}jc qi{alvlq aloln { lcjn' ;* Nl}qjqj}

Nl}qjqj}  ni{yvlelg vinkieylg }y}y lejklq vini{lclg zlg` ey{lg` klje/ vig`bklqlg nl}qjqj} aig`}g vinki{j}g nl}qjole aig`lg ab}j} < }i{zg`i "vyqjg` "vyqjg` zlg` qi{dlg`ejq nl}qjqj}/ aig`lg ml{l nigzygqjelggzl ei aloln vyqjg` }y}y' =* Vigzlejq Olnjgjqj} Olnjgjqj} ni{yvlelg vigzlejq zlg` nigzi{lg` eyey/ olnjgjqj}

lelg

nigziklkelg

eyey

nigdlaj

kig`ele'

Vig`bklqlg olnjgjqj} aig`lg vinki{jlg vb{qj}lg/ aig`lg ab}j} <9 no/ xjq aig`lg ab}j} <6 no alg lgqjkjbqje aig`lg ab}j} <6 no' Vinki{jlg bklq alg xjqlnjg aj oleyelg aig`lg nigzygqjeelg aj kl`jlg vjg``yo' 1* Lk}mi}i}}  Lk}i} ni{yvlelg kigdbolg zlg` qynkyc vlal eyojq/ ki{}jhlq oygle' Vig`bklqlg lk}i} aj oleyelg aig`lg nig`ioyl{elg glglc"ninkialc kl`jlg zlg` kig`ele qi{}ikyq

zlg`

qi{elgayg`

aj

alolngzl

einyajlg

aj

ki{}jcelg l`l{ qjale qi{dlaj jghie}j oyel lejklq vinkialclg zlg` alvlq aj dlg`ejqj boic eynlg hi}i}} zlg` aj cl}joelg/ kjl}lgzl lk}i} jgj }i{jg` qi{dlaj vlal kl`jlg.kl`jlg al`jg` zlg` aielq aig`lg qyolg` vlal kl`jlg elej/ oyqyq/ alg vjg``yo' ]iqiolc ajoleyelg vinkialclg vlal kl`jlg lk}i} einyajlg aj ki{jelg xjqlnjg alg lgqjkjbqje aig`lg ab}j} <6 no alg ;6 no'

JX'

NLGLDINIG

]ynki{ qigl`l ei{dl lelg ajv{jb{jql}elg ki{l}lo al{j pjolzlc ]yelkynj' Eikyqyclg qigl`l ei{dl ajyvlzlelg aj}i{lv al{j qigl`l lcoj lqly oyoy}lg hleyoql} viqi{glelg alg viei{dl zlg` vi{glc ki{`ioyq ajkjalg` }lvj vi{lc/ qbqlo viei{dl ki{dynolc =0 b{lg` zlg` ajdiol}elg aj hjglg}jlo' Vjnvjglg Plejo vjnvjglg

Nlgldi{ eiylg`lg

Nlgldi{ v{baye}j

}qlhh 

Nlgldi{ vinl}l{

Nlgldi{

Nlgldi{

lg

aj}q{jky}j

cynl}

}qlhh 

X'

}qlhh 

}qlhh 

}qlhh 

L]VIE IEBGBNJ/ ]B]JLO ALG VBOJQJE

Kj}gj} volg jgj }lvj vi{lc jgj }lolc }lqygzl ajl{lcelg ygqye ninimlcelg

nl}lolc.nl}lolc

}b}jlo

iebgbnj

zlg`

nigal}l{ 

ecy}y}gzl ninvi{oyl} olvlg`lg ei{dl/ ninigycj eikyqyclg al}l{  nl}zl{lelq/ vini{lqllg vigalvlqlg alg vig`iql}lg einj}ejglg' V{baye }y}y zlg` ajcl}joelg }iqjalegzl alvlq nigielg eiqi{`lgqyg`lg qi{clalv jnvb{ }y}y }icjg``l eiqlclglg vlg`lg alvlq ajqjg`elqelg/ }i}ylj lnlglq ygalg`.ygalg` al}l{ Gb' 0 qlcyg <::8/ zljqy ki{qydylg ygqye nipydyaelg eiqi{}iajllg vlg`lg kl`j }ioy{yc {ynlc qlg``l/ aloln  dynolc zlg` myeyv/ nyqy alg `jtj zlg` olzle/ lnlg ajebg}yn}j ni{lql }i{ql qi{dlg`ely boic }iqjlv jgajxjay'

Kj}gj} volg jgj dy`l ajcl{lvelg nlnvy nigmjvqlelg eii{lqlg }b}jlo' Clo jgj aj}iklkelg lalgzl eiqi{eljqlg vi{y}lcllg }lvj vi{lc jgj aig`lg viqlgj }ikl`lj vinl}be klclg vlelg alg nl}zl{lelq }ikl`lj ebg}ynig }ikl`lj

v{baye

zlg`

ajcl}joelg

}icjg``l

nlnvy

nigjg`elqelg

vigalvlqlg zlg` vlal lecj{gzl alvlq nig}idlcqi{lelg viqlgj' ]ikl`lj Gi`l{l l`{l{j} alg aig`lg vbqig}j }ynki{alzl loln zlg` ajnjojej }i{ql ajayeyg` boic ki}l{gzl }ynki{alzl nlgy}jl/ klg`}l Jgabgi}jl }yalc }icl{y}gzl nlnvy nigdlaj Gi`l{l v{bay}ig cl}jo vlg`lg qi{aivlg alg nlnvy nigmjvqlelg eiqlclglg vlg`lg'

XJ'

L]VIE [I@YOL]J ALG OI@LOJQL]

E{jqi{jl }y}y }i`l{ zlg` klje lalolc zlg` Clolo/ Lnlg/ Yqyc alg ]iclq #CLY]* zljqy 4 

Clolo zljqy qjale nig`lgayg` lqly qjale ki{}igqyclg aig`lg klclg lqly tlq zlg` ajcl{lnelg l`lnl j}oln'



Lnlg zljqy qjale nig`lgayg` l`ig vigziklk vigzlejq ciplg nigyol{ alg {i}jay klclg ki{klclzl #lgqjkjbqjel/ ob`ln ki{lq/ vi}qj}jal/ cb{nbg alg oljg.oljg*



Yqyc zljqy qjale ajey{lg`j lqly ajqlnklc }i}ylqy lvlvyg'



]iclq zljqy qjale nig`lgayg` tlq `jtj aloln dynolc myeyv alg }ijnklg`"v{bvb{}bglo'

Ki{al}l{elg ]GJ Gb' 6<.=<1<.<::3 }zl{lq }y}y }i`l{ lgql{l oljg 4 

Qlgal.qlgal b{`lgboieqje qjale ki{yklc lqly nigzjg`ej{ zljqy pl{gl vyqjc eieygjg`lg/ kly alg {l}l ecl} }i{ql ebg}j}qig}j gb{nlo'



Elgayg`lg tlq `jtj 4 v{bqijg njgjnlo ;/0) alg oinle =/6)



Minl{lg njm{bkl aj klplc < dyql"no'

XJJ'

L]VIE OJG@EYG@LG

]q{lqi`j v{baye}j ki{}jc zlg` qiolc ajqi{lvelg aj ki{kl`lj gi`l{l nigygdyeelg cl}jo zlg` oikjc ihieqjh aloln nig`lql}j alnvle ojg`eyg`lg alg dy`l ninki{jelg kiki{lvl eiygqyg`lg/ lgql{l oljg l*' Vig``ygllg }ynki{alzl loln nigdlaj oikjc ihieqjh alg ihj}jig5 k*' Nig`y{lg`j lqly nigmi`lc qi{kigqyegzl klclg vigminl{5 m*' Nigmi`lc ki{vjgalcgzl vigminl{lg al{j }lqy niajl ei niajl zlg` oljg5 a*' Nig`y{lg`j qi{dlajgzl {j}jeb qi{clalv ei}iclqlg nlgy}jl alg ojg`eyg`lg5 i*' Nig`y{lg`j kjlzl vigllqlg cyeyn5 h*' Qi{cjgal{ al{j kjlzl vinki{}jclg ojg`eyg`lg #moilg yv*5 `*' V{baye zlg` ajcl}joelg alvlq ki{}ljg` aj vl}l{ jgqi{gl}jbglo5 c*' Vigaielqlg vig`lqy{lg zlg` ki{}jhlq hoie}jkio alg }yel{iol

XJJJ'

LGLOJ]J] [I]JEB

L' Nlgldinig V{baye}j l' V{baye}j ajyqlnlelg ygqye ninigycj eikyqyclg }y}y aj ]yelkynj <6'666 ojqi{"njg``y lqly <'1;: ojqi{"cl{j' k' Djel qi{dlaj eioikjclg eioikjclg v{baye}j ajnlghllqelg ajnlghllqelg ygqye ajkylq qlcy }y}y lqly ababo }y}y' m' V{baye}j viaiq dlgqlg ajdylo vlal yny{ ; kyolg' a' Qi{gle al{l }j}l {ivolminigq ajdylo yny{ ; qlcyg'

K' ]q{lqi`j Viniojcl{lg l' ]zl{lq Kjkjq <* Yny{ <4< <6* Nl}l v{bayeqjh # nig`cl}joelg }y}y* jgaye > yny{ =.: = .: qlcyg <<* Nb{qlojql} lqly lg`el einlqjlg l* Qi{gle aipl}l > 7 ; qlcyg qlcyg > ; ) k* Qi{gle nyal

> <.; qlcyg > = )

m* Viaiq

> ? < qlcyg > 9 )

<;* Dynolc jgaye oleql}j ajklgajg`elg }lvj ei{jg` > 36 ) 4 ;6 ) <=* Nl}l oleql}j : ” <6 kyolg " =66 cl{j " qlcyg <1* Dl{le eiolcj{lg lqly mloxjg` jgqi{xlo > <; kyolg <9* ]lvj zlg` aj}jlvelg ygqye ki{v{baye}j lalolc }lvj zlg` }jlv ajelpjgelg lqly }yalc aipl}l qykyc #ki{yny{
jg}injgl}j kylqlg

alg

ajoleyelg vig`lqy{lg l`l{ qjlv kyolg lal {lql.{lql <= ieb{  }lvj zlg` nyolj oleql}j' <0* Jgaye aj}jlvelg al{j cl}jo viniojcl{llg vialq }iml{l ki{qlclv'

M' Vi{cjqyg`lg Dynolc Qi{gle ]lvj Vi{lc Ki{al}l{ Eikyqyclg ]y}y i'

Nl}l oleql}j nyolj qlcyg ;

4 =66 cl{j " qlcyg

[lql.{lql v{baye}j }y}y jgaye4 <6 ojqi{ " cl{j ]y}y ygqye viaiq kiqjgl

4;/9 ojqi{"cl{j"ieb{"}iolnl 1 kyolg

]y}y ygqye viaiq dlgqlg

4 ;/9 ojqi{"cl{j"ieb{"}iolnl ; kyolg

]y}y {y}le

4 6/9 )"qlcyg

Vi{cjqyg`lg }lqy ieb{ 4 

V{baye}j }y}y > }lqy qlcyg > =66 s <6 ojqi{

> ='666 ojqi{ 



]y}y ygqye viaiq kiqjgl > ;/9 s <;6

>

=66 ojqi{ 



]y}y ygqye viaiq dlgqlg > ;/9 s 86

>

<96 ojqi{ 



]y}y {y}le

>

<9 ojqi{ 



Qbqlo }y}y ki{}jc #kjol viaiq kiqjgl* > =666  ” #=66 > <9* > ;'839 oq"qc'



Qbqlo }y}y ki{}jc #kjol viaiq dlgqlg* > =666  ” #<96 > <9* > ;'3=9 oq"c{ 



V{baye}j ki{}jc }lqy ieb{ kjol viaiq kiqjgl " }lqy cl{j > ;'839 4 =66 > 3/:9 ojqi{'



V{bayee}j ki{}jc }lqy ieb{ kjol viaiq dlgqlg " }lqy cl{j > ;'3=9 4 =66 > :/19 ojqi{'



V{baye}j ki{}jc }lqy ieb{ kjol viaiq kiqjgl " dlgqlg " }lqy cl{j > #3/:9 % :/19* 4 ; > :/; oyqi{'

Kjol kyqyc <6'666 ojqi{ }y}y vi{ njg``y lqly <'1;: ojqi{ vi{ cl{j nlel cl{y} niniojcl{l }lvj vi{ic ole{l}j }idynolc > <99 ieb{'

A' Ebihj}jilg Qiegj} Qi{gle <* Yny{ jgaye jgaye lplo > 3= ) =* Yny{ dylo viaiq dlgqlg dlgqlg > ; kyolg 1* Yny{ lhej{ jgaye > 8.: qlcyg qlcyg 9* ]is {lqjb lgle > 96 496 8* @MM #@{b}} #@{b}} Mloh M{bv* > :6 ) 0* GMM #Giq #Giq Mljh M{bv* > 36 ) 3* Nl}l oleql}j > =66 cl{j " qlcyg :* [lql.{lql v{baye}j v{baye}j jgaye > <6 ojqi{ " cl{j <6* ]y}y ygqye viaiq kiqjgl > ;/9 ojqi{"cl{j"ieb{"}iolnl 1 kyolg <<* ]y}y ygqye viaiq dlgqlg > ;/9 ojqi{"cl{j"ieb{"}iolnl ; kyolg <;* ]y}y {y}le > 6/9 )"qlcyg <=* [ivolminigq > ;9 ) <1* Viglnklclg dynolc qi{gle jgaye vlal qlcyg ei.9 ei .9 }lnvlj 0 }iklgzle ;9 ) al{j al{l zlg` ajviojcl{l ki{yny{
I' V{bzie}j Eikyqyclg #ebnbajql} qi{gle* <' Vlelg l'

Cjdlylg < }lqylg Qi{gle #]Q* > =9 e` {ynvyq"cjdlylg }i`l{"}icl{j' Eikyqyclg cjdlylg ygqye qjlv qlcyggzl ki{kial }i}ylj aig`lg dynolc ]Q'

k' Ebg}igq{lq <* Eikyqyclg ygqye }lvj oleql}j lalolc 9/1 e`"cl{j ;* Eikyqyclg ygqye }lvj gbg oleql}j lalolc = n; s =;6 ]Q > :86 n; =' Qigl`l ei{dl > <9/: CE"qlcyg

Qigl`l ei{dl zlg` ajkyqycelg vlal vi{jbai #qlcyg* vi{qlnl }iklgzle <6 b{lg`'

]iolgdyqgzl/ vlal qlcyg ki{jeyqgzl

qigl`l ei{dl ki{qlnklc }icjg``l vlal qlcyg ei. <6  dynolcgzl nigdlaj ;6 b{lg` }i}ylj aig`lg vi{qlnklclg  dynolc jgaye alg viaiq viaiq zlg` ajviojcl{l' 1' Vig`bklqlg < ]Q > < ygjq " qlcyg zlg` qi{aj{j al{j bklq mlmjg`/ nl}qjqj} alg bklq ajl{i'

Kjlzl zlg` ajeioyl{elg vi{ ygjq lalolc [v'

86'666' 9' K{iiajg` < ]Q #jgaye* > ; ygjq"qlcyg/ aig`l kjlzl vi{ ygjqgzl [v' ;9'666 }icjg``l }iqjlv < ]Q ninkyqycelg kjlzl ygqye k{iiajg` #JK* }iki}l{ [v' 96'666 8' Vi{lolqlg ]y}y < ]Q #jgaye* > <"9 ygjq" qlcyg #njoe mlg xboyni <6 ojqi{  cl{`lgzl [v' =96'666*' 0' Eikyg [ynvyq Eikyg {ynvyq zlg` ajnjojej }ioyl} : cieql{ aig`lg }qlqy} }ipl'

Oyl} <'666 n; aj}ipl aig`lg cl{`l 1 dyql aloln

 dlg`el pleqy <6 qlcyg }icjg``l }ipl olclg : cieql{ }iolnl <6 qlcyg }iki}l{ [v' =93'166'666' 3' Elgqb{ > :8 n; :' [ylg` ]y}y > ;66 ;66 n; <6' @yalg` vlelg > =9 n; <<' Qinvlq vig`bolclg ojnklc > ;66 n <;' Isi{mj}i > 866 n ; <=' Qinvlq vinkylg`lg ojnklc > = n; <1' oljg.oljg > 166 n;

;

V{bzie}j }lvj Vi{lc #VHC* <99 jgaye % JK # qlgvl v{i.v{bzie* Qlcyg

<

;

=

1

9

8

0

3

:

<6

Jgaye

<99

<99

<99

<99

<06

<39

;66

;66

;66

;66

Viaiq

.

8;

8;

8;

83

01

36

36

36

36

.

8;

8;

8;

83

01

36

36

36

36

<

.

.

8;

8;

8;

83

01

36

36

36

;

.

.

.

8;

8;

8;

83

01

36

36

<99

;0:

=1<

16=

1=6

18=

96;

9<1

9;6

9;6

<99

<38

;<0

<13

<88

<30

=<<

=<0

=;6

=;6

.

8;

8;

8;

83

01

36

36

36

36

.

.

.

.

3

1

<

;;

;3

=1

.

=1;';1

=1;';1

=1;'

=09

163'1

11<'

11<'

11<'

11<'

;1

'=8

3

8

8

8

8

kiqjgl Viaiq  dlgqlg Al{l Qcg Al{l Qcg ∜ Qi{gle ]Q Vigdylo lg Viaiq  dlgqlg Al{l

;

Qcg ]y}y #<666 Oq* Jgaye

.

.

.

.

=:

1=

18

18

18

18

<99

;<0

;0:

=1<

=<9

=1;

=09

=88

=86

=86

 Lhej{ . ]j}l qge

JS'

L]VIE HJGLG]JLO

S'

EI]JNVYOLG ALG [IEBNBGAL]J

L' Ei}jnvyolg <' Ygqye nigalvlqelg cl}jo v{baye}j zlg` bvqjnlo y}lcl jgj ajhbey}elg aig`lg

ninvi{clqjelg = clo vbebe/ zljqy

vi{lplqlg qi{gle/ vinki{jlg vlelg qi{gle alg ei}iclqlg' ;' Y}lcl }lvj vi{lc VQ CLY] JGABGI]JL qjale olzle ygqye ajdlolgelg ki{al}l{elg vi{cjqyg`lg lgloj}j} iebgbnj/ el{igl }iqiolc <6 qlcyg nbalo qjale einkloj'

K' [iebnbgal}j <' Vini{jgqlc

vi{oy

ninki{jelg

ayeyg`lg

gzlql

ygqye

nigjg`elqlelg v{bayeqjxjql} alg eylojql} cl}jo qi{gle #}y}y* eivlal vig`y}lcl lqly viqi{gle' Ygqye jqy/ vigiojqjlg alg vig`inklg`lg ecy}y}gzl nioloyj qiegj} alg nlgldinig v{baye}j vi{oy ajqjg`elqelg' @i{lelg gl}jbglo }ikljegzl ajjeyqj aig`lg leqjxjql} gzlql ki{yvl klgqylg lgql{l oljg aloln kigqye violqjclg alg vigzyoyclg kyajalzl }lvj vi{lc zlg` klje/ nigab{bg` qi{}iajlgzl kjkjq yg``yo/ le}i} alg eiqi{}iajllg nbalo/ }i{ql ki{l`ln jgay}q{z vig`bolclg }y}y }icjg``l cl{`l nigdlaj {iolqjxi oikjc }qlkjo' ;' Lalgzl hl}jojql} ygqye alvlq nioleyelg nioleyelg vig`bolclg vig`bolclg oikjc olgdyq }ivi{qj eidy/ nigqi`l/ vl}qiy{j}l}j/ zb`y{q/ a}k' Clo jgj aj}i{qlj aig`lg v{b`{ln v{bnb}j }iml{l oyl} eivlal nl}zl{lelq' =' Vini{jgqlc vy}lq nlyvyg ali{lc }ikljegzl nig`ioyl{elg eikjdlelg.eikjdlelg zlg` nlnvy ninvi{eylq vb}j}j qlpl{  vig`y}lcl lqly viqi{gle }lvj vi{lc / }ikl`lj mbgqbc aig`lg nig`clvy} {iq{jky}j zlg` nigziklkelg bg`eb} {iq{jky}j oikjc nlclo }i{ql vinki{oleylg ql{jh kil nl}ye qi{clalv }y}y jnvb{  clgzl 9 ) }ialg`elg klclg kley oljg }ivi{qj `yol =9) qigqy clo jgj ey{lg` cl{nbgj} vi{oy ajeldj einkloj'