Arte y Silencio, Mar Marcos (comp.), Serie Bellas Artes - UAQ

PIJT@SVJEME MPUÖIKHM E@ ]P@SÊUMSK Es) Bjlc`suk N`ss`sm Spj S`fuks Es) Fêvms Bmsfèm Smhès` V`fsùmsjk Mfmeêhjfk ])C) Hmbmlj @) Mbpjlms Ksuj V`fsùmsjm e` @~uìvjöi Pijt`svjumsjm H) ì M) Tjfìu` Löw` T`lmse` Dkiv`fm Ejs`fuks e` lm Dmfplume e` C`llmv Msu`v Esm) Hm) U`s`vm Bmsfèm B) C`viê Ejs`fuksm e` Ejdpvjöi Fplupsml F) Okvê Lpjv e` lm T`bm Skh`sk Fkksejimeks e` Wpcljfmfjki`v Okvê Smhöi Hkiujok Bkiíl` Ejv`ýk e` wksumem Smhöi Löw` T`lmse` Dkiv`fm Dkshmfjöi Hmsèm Hmsbmsjum E` Nmì` Skvj}p` Dkuk e` wksumem .“]pê vjlìfjk) »@v mvè `l hpiek;‘* E)S)ª Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk, Fìusk Pijt`svjumsjk, F`ssk e` lmv Fmhwmimv v+i, Föejbk Wkvuml 247=7, ]p`sêumsk, ]sk), Hê~jfk JVCI?

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Wsjh`sm èjfjöi, d`cs`sk e` 37=3 N`fnk ì Hê~jfk Hme` ji H`~jfk

Èiejf` Wsölkbk

2

Tjfìu` Löw` T`lmse` Dkiv`fm

@l vjlìfjk) Tjvjki`v z s`ws`vìumfjki`v

==

Miim Hmsjm Bpmvfn

U`hw`vume z vjlìfjk

30

Hmsèm e`l Hms Hmsfkv Fmssù`sk

]pê vjlìfjk) »@v mvè `l hpiek;

6:

Hmsèm Hmsbmsjum E` Nmì` Skvj}p`

Lm `~usmfkujejmijeme `vfêijfm ì `l vjlìfjk

06

Wmh`lm V) Ojhêi` Esmbpjf`tjf

Msu` vkiksk, `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv z vjlìfjk

40

Fêvms Jbimfjk Cmfm Lkc`sm

Ml op`bk e`l vlìfjk, ì lm `vuêujfm e`l msu` jidkshmljvum

26

Umnujmim Fk} Víifn`

Lkv t`svkv wks tìjs) Lm ìpifjmfjöi t`scml e` pim wk`vèm mpvìu`

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Hmsèm @hm Llksìu`

@l vjlìfjk ì lm imssmujtm njvwmikmh`sjfmim e` lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^

=70

Mibêljfm Uksi`sk

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk .vp fmsífu`s dpiemfjkiml ì lm fji`hmukbsmdèm*

==:

Miukijk Mstjp Tmlìfjm

Lm bpsm e`l hísujs? `skujvhk, `~njcjfjöi z vjlìfjk

=3:

Mlòmiesm Eèm _`wèm

Wksikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm? wksik(mwskwjmfjöi z fkiusmwksikbsmdèm ì `l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k Dmcjíi Bjhêi` Bmuuk

=5=

Lm s`vjvuìfjm e`ve` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv? dìöhìk e` fmkujmfjöi vkcs` pim hí}pjim e` bp`ssm

=00

Lpfèm Hklmuks`

Fmllmsv` fkhk `vusmu`bjm Npbk Fnít` Hkiesmböi

=4:

Wsölkbk Miu` `l Fkibs`vk Jiu`simfjkiml e` Msu`v z Nphmijeme`v “Msu` z Vjlì( fjk‘ s`ws`vìumfjki`v e`l vjlìfjk, vjlìfjk ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, s`mljmek wks lm Dmfplume e` C`llmv Msu`v e` lm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk, v` wpèì fkiflpjs mlbpikv wpiukv? wsjh`smhìu`, }p` `l uèuplk e` êvu` ik ujì` imem e` vjlìfjk․w`sk vè e` Msu`) Umhcjêi, }p` lkv usmcmokv }p` vpsbj`ski ì êl z e`vwpêv e` êvu`, v` fkiopiumi ì pim wpcljfmfjöi eki( e` lm u`híujfm, m usmtêv e` lmv l`fupsmv e` jit`vujbmeks`v, fsèujfkv e` msu` z msujvumv v` `~wmie` m uml bsmek }p` wms`fì mpvìu`v1 mf`sfíiekikv ml “H` bpvumv fpmiek fmllmv wks}p` `vuív fkhk mpvìu`‘, e` I`spem) M}pè, lk mvkhcskvk e` lkv `vfsjukv }p` llìmi `vu` ljcsk `v }p` wms`f` }p` ik lk llìmi miu` `l ljhck e` pi vpwp`vuk vjlìfjk, w`sk nmfì e`l ò`sfjfjk e` lm l`fupsm }p` ikv `hc`l`v`hkv e` lm i`f`vjeme e`l vjlìfjk) @l ljcsk usmivjum ìus` fmwèuplkv umomiu`v, fkhk ejfjìek lmv fkvmv wks vp ikhcs`, nmvum ll`bms m pim “wkêujfm e`l Msu`‘, ejsèm Vkiumb) W`sk v` eùjì` ì lm hùmdèvjfm, vmlum m lk dpifjkiml, v` tp`lt` fskijvum, wk`vèm, jhmbì, `söujfk, nmclm ì umiumv lìbpmv fkhk vj v` fkivuspz`sm pim ip`tm Cmc`l, u` kseìm fmllmsu` z u` kcljbm m `vfpfnms) Sùkhmiek lmv wmlmcsmv e` I`spem? `vuí m wpiuk pvuè l`fuks, e` ìusms ì pim mvf`vjv e`, “fpmiek `vfsjc`v z u` l`k wms`f`v mpvìu`‘, “wks}p` h` bpvum fkhk lk nmf`v‘) Lm s`fkhìemfjöi wmsm jijfjms `vum wpcljfmfjöi( fkhwìejk e`l vjlìfjk, `v }p` ik nmz s`fkhìemfjöi, mpi}p` mlbk e` ml`m wpè` mzpems, `l mms wmsm jijfjms ikv wpè` ll`tms m }p` zm `vuícmhkv mnè e`ve` vj`hws`) Vkswsêiemv` miu` `vumv hìu`v․fpmiek `vfsjcì) @v` hmsu`v wks lm ikfn`, ml l``s lkv ejd`sìu`v fmwèuplkv e` `vu` ljcsk, h` vìuè ì `l fìusk e` ukek, lk hív v`bpsk `v }p` lm ws`vjöi msu`sjml ik `vum( cm md`fumiek hj vìujek e`l `}pjljcsjk z, wks lk umiuk, hj fìusk s`ckvmcm `vumcjljeme ekie` `l vjlìfjk v` h`flmcm fki `l ik(vjlìfjk, vj `v }p` mvè lk wpèk llmhms) Fki bsmfjm d`ljim h` dpj fklmiek ì `l vjllöi s`fljimcl` z h` dpj vph`sbjìek fkhk vj npcj`sm ll`bmek m pim `vfml`sm e` fmsmfkl böujfm fpml lmc`sjiuk, wks vpwp`vuk }p` ik h` dpj ì kseì) M}p`l sjk mvfìeì ( u`, fmem t` v` nmfèm hív kvfpsk, lkv `vfmlki`v e` hèjm vp`lm kcljbmski m w`bmsh` lk hív wkvjcl` m vpv wmsè`v) Dp` umium lm muìfjöi, }p` lm l`fupsm h` `hkfjkiö z h` musmwö) Zm hùjek ì `llk h` vìuè ì ljc`sume, ì pi hpiek e` bísbklmv, ì lm fjhm e`l hpiek) S`fkssè lkv `vfsjukv e` Miim Hm( sèm Bpmvfn z vp msfk fskiklöbjfk z fkif`wupml e`l vjlìfjk, e` Dmcjíi Bmuuk ik wkeèm dmlums vp Wksikflmvuèm z wksiklmusèm, `l `~w`suk vjlìfjk e` Miukijk Mstjp) Lmv t`sujìu`v e` Msu` vkiksk z ml wms`f`s e` Msu` vjlìfjk ìus` @v(

2

Wsölkbk

wmfjkv wÿcljfkv e` Cmfm Lkc`sm, Jhíbì`v fmllmemv e` Hísbmsm E` Nmì`, lm Fkujejmijeme fki `~usm `vfìm e` Wmh`lm Ojhêi`, pi vèieskh` e` vjlì ( fjk }p` v` e`vwsìe` ì Bjksbjki` z vp U`hw`vume e` Hms Hmsfkv) Lm @v( usmu`bjm e` fmllmsv`, ì Npbk Fnít` Hkiesmböi1 z lm vphm e` fmuèsíujfkv ` jit`vujbmeks`v e` lm PM@H, Pijt`svjeme Miínpmf ]p`sêumsk, VPWMPM], ` jie`wìejìu`v1 v` z`sbpì fkhk ukss`v e` pim fmuèsml, fkhk vj wjvmsm `l fj`lk, hpz f`sfm e` lmv ipc`v, `~jbjêiekl` m hj hìu` }p` v` `hcsjmbp` e` ukek, wmsm tklt`s, nmf`slk fpmiek }pj`sm z ekie` dp`v`) Êvu` ik `v pi vjlìfjk e` wmjvmo`, `v pi usmbk lìumhìu` ejlpjek e` ukem lm njvuksjm e`l vjlìfjk, lm e`fmiumfjöi kffjeìuml wks fpml}pj`s lmek }p` v` kcv`st` e` `vu` u`hm) E`vwpêv e` nmc`s vjek pibjek wks lmv bísbklmv, h` vìuê z pim vìvmfjöi e` tmfèk z vjlìfjk jitmejö `l mhcjìu`, ejfnm vìvm( fjöi v` njk u`~upsm, u`vjupsm))) w`sk `l tmfèk ik fkhk mpvìfjm e` dkshm, ij `l vjlìfjk fkhk mpvìfjm e`l vkijek) Ukek lk fkiusmsjk, ì `v` tmfèk v` mshö lm dkshm z ì `l vjlìfjk v` w`sfjcjö `l vkijek) Pi tmfèk }p` dkshm wmsu` e` pim s`mljeme) Pim vpcljh` fkiu`hwlmfjöi e` lm imupsml`m }p` ik fkikfèm, jiu`sjksjmiek z mhwljfmiek lmv dkshmv, pim vp`su` e` mvf`vjv }p` h` w`shjujö m usmtêv e` lkv kèekv wpskv w`shmi`f`s ml vkijek e`l vjlì( fjk) @~jvu` pim vmcjepsèm }p` `hmimcm ì `vu` ljcsk }p` h` njk wìùsms mvè ì `l tmfèk dpiemhìuml, `l lpbms z ik(lpbms ekie` v` wskepfì ukemv lmv fs`mfjki`v) Pi e`vujik imupsml e` ukekv lkv v`s`v nphmikv, wke`s ìusms ì `l hktjhjìuk m tklpiume, w`sk `vwkiuíi`mhìu` wskepfjsv` dkshmv e` tmfèk) @l fkikf`s vji hkt`sv`) Vji t`s, fkhwsìe`s) Vji mfupms, kcsms) @l sì( fpìusk fki lm pijeme ksjbjiml) @vuk h` ll`tö m }p`, ì `l ijnjljvhk, lm imem z ì ukem lm dìkhìklkbèm kffjeìuml s`vw`fuk ml vjlìfjk imem `vuí ejfnk z ukek zm v` ejok .}p` ik `v lk hjvhk, w`sk `v jbpml*) Fpmiek fkhìfê m e`vfìe`s wks `vm fmsmfklm “`vfml`sm m lm uj`ssm‘, vìuèm pi tmfjmhjìuk e` fkifjìfjm, `l ijstmim, `l `vwmfjk jljhjumek, pi wlm( ik ekie` ik nmz w`sf`wfjöi, ij lm ik( w`sf`wfjöi) Ml ll`bms ml vp`lk z vmljs e` lm l`fupsm e`l ljcsk, `v` tmfèk v` njk vklème fsjvujmim, ukek `l w`vk e`l hpiek ì hjv nkhcskv, wkvjcl`hìu` lm ws`( vjöi msu`sjml s`bs`vö m e`v`}pjljcsms, wkfk m wkfk pim ikshmljeme ukhö vp fmpf`) Nmhcs` e` `sm spbèm ì hj `vuöhmbk z fkhk ì pi mzpik e` fpmsìum eèmv z fpmsìum ikfn`v e`tksê ukek lk }p` h` ìfkiusê ì lm fkfjim)

>

Wsölkbk

Lmv bísbklmv njfj`ski vp usmcmok z h` piè m `vm hp`fm nkssjcl` fki lm hjvjöi e` mnpzìums m lkv hml`fjkv, b`vuk s`w`lìu` fkiusm fkiopskv) Mpi( }p` ik npck líbsjhmv wlptjml`v }p` dp`smi `vfpwjemv wks `vumv bísbklmv z ljhwjmsmi lkv wke`s`v e`l hml, wms`fèm `vums m vmltk) Mlsèèks e` lmv ekf` z hèjm e` lm ikfn` fmhjiê pi wkfk wks lmv fmll`v v`hjtmfèmv e` lm fjpeme e` ]p`sêumsk z ejvwp`vuk ì pi dpupsk m tklt`s m l``s lkv `vfsjukv e`l vjlìfjk m}pè ws`vìumekv) Tjfìu` Löw` T`lmse` Dkiv`fm

:

@l vjlìfjk) Tjvjki`v z s`ws`vìumfjki`v Miim Hmsjm Bpmvfn Pijt`svjeme e` Cmsf`lkim

@l msu` e` ip`vusk uj`hwk mupse` spjekvmhìu` fki `~nksumfjki`v ml vjlìfjk ‖ v`ýmlm Vpvmi Vkiumb ì pim e` lmv hív w`sujiìu`v mwsk~jhmfjk ( i`v m lm `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk wpcljfmemv ì lkv ÿlujhkv mýkv) N` m}pè pi ijnj( ljvhk fk}pùk, jiflpvk ml`bs`, mshm Vkiumb) S`fkikf`hkv `l jhw`smujtk e`l w`sk v`bpjhkv nmclmiek) Miu` `l vjlìfjk ukuml wke`hkv mekwums ekv vjlìfjk, mfujupe`v? k ll`tmslk ml `~us`hk e` lm mpuki`bmfjöi k wsmfujfmslk e` pim hmi`sm “jibìjkvmhìu` jifkn`sìu`‘, emiek wks vìumek }p` lkv hjukv e`l vjlìfjk z e`l tmfèk vki umi ìsj}p`fèks`v fkhk fpml}pj`s kusk `~w`sjhìuk fs`mujtk) = Hív }p` s`d`sjsh` m lmv hÿlujwl`v mf`wfjki`v e`l fkif`wuk e` vjlìfjk e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum ljibüèvujfk, miuskwklöbjfk, lju`smsjk k `vwjsjupml, ì `vum fkid`sìfjm cpvfmsê mfkums lm hmbhíujfm fmsukbsmdèm e`l vjlìfjk ì pi msfk fskiklöbjfk z fkif`wupml }p` jsí e`ve` lm hke`sijeme nmvum `l mf( upml hkhìuk blkcml, pi mhwlèvjhk w`sèkek }p` mcksems`hkv fki fjumv wpiupml`v, mlbpimv e`l íhcjuk e` lm u`ksèm, lm lkvkdèm, `l wìvmhjìuk, z kusmv, e`l msu`? hÿvjfm, fji` z msu`v tjvpml`v) W`sk »}pê wmw`l kfpwm ì `vu` wskf`vk `l vjlìfjk; @i ip`vusm fjtjljm( fjöi kffjeìuml, `hjiìu`hìu` t`scml, vj`hws` v` nm wsjhmek lm wmlmcsm, `l lìbpmo` z lm mfujtjeme vjhcöljfm vkcs` `l vjlìfjk, }p` v` nm ìuìejek fkhk “`l dkiek‘ vkcs` `l }p` v` vjuÿm lm bpsm, lm wmlmcsm) W`sk ì `l lì( bpmo` `~jvu` umhcjêi pim ikfjöi mlpvjtm, kcljfpm, kwmfm? “Ukek lìbpmo` `v jiejs`fuk k mlpvjtk1 `v, vj v` }pj`s`, vjlìfjk) Z vj`hws` wmsujìek ik umiuk e` pi pvk `hwèsjfk e`l lìbpmo`, vjik e` vp pvk fs`meks }p` v`sèm vjiöijhk e` vjlìfjk‘) 3 @v ì `l hmsfk e` `vu` `vf`wujfjvhk nmfjm lmv wmlmcsmv k lmv dkshmv fkhk lkv ÿijfkv hèjkv fki fmwmfjeme wmsm `vckms `l vjbijfmek e`l hpiek }p` ìhmsfms`hkv ip`vusk ejvfpsvk vkcs` `l “vjlìfjk‘, pi vjlìfjk }p` ìuìe`s`hkv ik ì vp ejhìvjöi wmvjtm, fkiu`hwlmujtm, vjik mfujtm? “Nmz vjlìfjkv }p` ejfì hív }p` fpml}pj`s wmlmcsm) Nmz wmlmcsmv }p` ik ejfì imem) Ik vki “wmlmcsmv‘ .․*) Lm wmlmcsm vji vìujek, vkimiu` z ik vkiksm `v völk tk .․* ik nmz vjlìfjkv vji vìujek) Lk }p` ik ujì` vìujek `v “hpek‘, ik vjlìfjkvk, `~ws`vm `l lövkdk H) D) Vfjmffm) 6 = 3

Vpvmi Vkiumb, “Lm `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk‘, ì @vujlkv smejfml`v, Cmsf`lkim, E` Cklvjllk, 3772, w) 36) B`ksb` Vuìj`s, Lmibmb` ù vjlìf`, Wmsèv, V`pjl, =:4:)

6

Hjfn`l` Dè`sjfk Vfjmffm, @l vjlìfjk z lm wmlmcsm) Fkhk v` tìf` ì Rmu`slkk, Cmsf`lkim,

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Z, fkhk v`ýmlm `l miuskwölkbk Emtje L` Csùki, ì vp u`~uk @l vjlìfjk) Mwsk~jhmfjki`v5, vkcs` ukek, nmz }p` ìuìe`s }p` vjlìfjk z wmlmcsm .z opiuk m lm wmlmcsm lm mfujtjeme vjhcöljfm* ik vki fkiusmsjkv? mhckv vki mfuj( tkv z vjbijfmiu`v z vji vp pijöi ik `~jvu` `l ejvfpsvk? @l vjlìfjk ik `v pi s`vuk, pim `vfksjm wks wkems, pi tmfèk }p` llìms, wks hpfnk }p` lm hke`sijeme, ì vp e`v`k e` wlìj( upe, jiuìu` `ssmejfmslk ` jivumpsms pi e`ijujtk fkiujipk vk( iksk) @l vjlìfjk, fkhk lm hèijhm z `l b`vuk, ik `v lm eìpifjm e` pim wmvjtjeme vkcs`tìjem e`l lìbpmo`, vjik lm e`hkvusmfjöi mfujtm e` vp pvk) @l vjlìfjk `v, fkhk `l lìbpmo` z lmv hmijd`vumfjki`v fkswksm( l`v }p` lk mfkhwmými, pi fkhwkiìu` e` lm fkhpijfmfjöi) @v hív, lm wmlmcsm ws`vfjie` fki hìkv dmfjljeme e`l vjlìfjk }p` êvu` e` m}pêllm)0 Cmok `vum ejhìvjöi mfujtm e`l vjlìfjk z vkcs` ukek e`ve` vp lmek fs`m( ujtk z `vuêujfk usmms`hkv pim bì`mlkbèm }p` mssmifmsí m iml`v e`l vj( blk ^J^ z wsjifjwjkv e`l ^^ fki lmv bpsmv wjki`smv e` Hmllmshê z Hml`( tjfn, wmsm e`vwpêv s`fmlms ì `l fkiu`~uk njvuösjfk wkvu`sjks m lm JJ Bp`ssm Hpiejml, ekie`, m wmsujs e` lmv mwksumfjki`v e` Epfnmhw, Fmb` z Hmlsmp~, ìuìe`s`hkv `l vjlìfjk fkhk pim hmi`sm e` e`vmms lm “`lkfpìfjm‘ ekbhíujfm lm hke`sijeme fkiflpjs ì `l hpiek fkiu`hwksíi`k fki s`d`sìfjmv e` flmt` fkhk lmv e` zVpvmi Vkiumb k Wmpl Tjsjljk k, zm ì `l fmhwk msuèvujfk, Vmiujmbk Vj`ssm, Mldsèk Omms k Eksjv Vmlfèk) Ikhcs`v }p` ujìì pim wskdpiem s`lmfjöi fki `l vjlìfjk e`ve` hÿluj( wl`v z wkljêesjfmv mf`wfjki`v fkhk mlbpimv e` lmv mwpiumemv ì `vu` Fki( bs`vk? `l vjlìfjk fkhk pi mfuk e` s`vjvuìfjm, `l vjlìfjk fkhk vjbik, `l vjlìfjk fkhk bpsm e` lk i`pusk, `l vjlìfjk fkhk tmfèk k imem, `l vjlìfjk e`ve` vp ejhìvjöi hùmdèvjfm mvè fkhk lm epmljeme ìus` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l vjlìfjk z `l vjlìfjk e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi) Z vj`hws` emiek wks vpwp`vuk }p` ij `l vjlìfjk wpsk ij `l tmfèk `lk( fpìu` vki tjmcl`v, ij fkif`wupmlhìu`, ij ì lm wsífujfm? @ejuksjml Lpjv Hjsmfl`, =:4=, w) :7) 5Emtje L` Csùki, @l vjlìfjk) Mwsk~jhmfjki`v, Hmesje, V`}pjups, 377:, w) 2) 0

Jcèe), w) 2)

=3


Ik `~jvu` `vuk }p` llmhmhkv vjlìfjk ( jivjvu` Fmb`() Vj`hws` kfpss` mlbk }p` wskepf` pi vkijek) @l msujvum }p` wskepf` `l vjlìfjk k `l tmfèk e`c` wskepfjs mlbk ejmlêfujfk? pi tmfèk fklhmek, pi vjlìfjk s`vkimiu` k `lkfpìu`) @l vjlìfjk, fkiuj( ipm wp`v vjìek pim dkshm e` lìbpmo`, ì hpfnkv fmvkv e` wsku`vum z s`vjvuìfjm* z vkcsùkek pi `l`hìuk e` ejílkbk) 4

Fmwèuplk =) Lm wíbjim ì clmifk + @l fpmesk clmifk? Hmllmshê z Hml`tjfn @i `vum njvuksjm hke`sim z fkiu`hwksíi`m e`l vjlìfjk }p`s`hkv jijfjms ip`vusk ejvfpsvk fki `l ÿlujhk wk`hm e` Hmllmshê, Pi fkpw e` eêv omhmjv iµmckljsm l` nmmse, e` =>:0, `l mýk e` lm hp`su` e`l wkùm, }p` vjhckljm `l skvusk hív wsö~jhk ml “vjlìfjk‘ ì fpmiuk s`wùjfjöi, ik vìujek, mpvì( fjm k e`vuspffjöi e` vjbijfmekv) ]pê epem fmc` }p` lm wk`vèm e` Hmllmshê z vpv jiu`sfmhcjkv ìus` ms( u`v tjvpml`v, wk`vèm z ujwkbsmdèm fs`ö pi ip`tk lìbpmo`, pim ip`tm vjium~jv, pim ip`tm `~}pjvju` dkshml z pim ip`tm ujwkbsmdèm e` bsmi jipìfjm ì ememèvumv, vpss`mljvumv z bsmi wmsu` e` lmv tmibpmsejmv msuèvujfmv e`l vjblk ^^) W`sk e` lk }p` v` usmum`v e` hkvusms föhk `vu` wk`hm , `limfjhjìuk e` lm wíbjim ì clmifk, e`l bsmek ì f`sk e` lmHmllmshê, `vfsjupsm,}p` `vumikv wk`vèm wpsme` ìusmiek ì `l íhcjuk e` lk mcvklpuk, `l }p` hp`vusm llìk `l vjlìfjk fkhk ÿijfm s`mljeme kiuklöbjfm, fkivujupz` `l ksjbì e` pim bì`m( lkbèm }p` s`fkss`sí `l `vwmfjk e` lm hke`sijeme hív “s`c`le`‘, lm hív “jfk( ikflmvum‘, lm hív“fkif`wupml‘, lm hìkv dkshmljvum z vjhckljvum, }p` ll`bm( sí nmvum `l hkhìuk ws`vìu` s`t`vujem e` `vum hjvhm “jfkikflmvuèm‘, w`sk, ekumem e` pi fkhwkiìu` wklèujfk }p` ik uìesí `vu` wskz`fuk jijfjml) M Hmllmshê l` vjbpj`ski kusmv `~w`sjìfjmv `~us`hmv fkhk lm e`l vpws`( hmujvum Hml`tjfn, ì vp Fpmesmek clmifk vkcs` dkiek clmifk e` =:=>, hk( hìuk ì }p` `l f`sk `v fmvj umibjcl`) Uml fkhk mshm Mlmji Cmejkp, Clmifk vkcs` Clmifk e` Hml`tjfn vpwki` `l `wèukh` e` pim vp`su` e` tmwksjmfjöi k wpsjfmfjöi e`l “vkwksu` e` lm hèijhm ejd`sìfjm ì `l ijt`l e` lm dkshm .․*, lm iplm ejd`sìfjm ìus` clmifk z clmifk, lm ejd`sìfjm e` lk hjvhk? 4

Fjumek wks V) Vkiumb, kw) fju), w) 33)

=6


E`c`hkv uì`s hpz ws`vìu` ‖ mwpium Cmejkp ( }p` Hml`tjfn ikv jitjum m jiu`swsùms Clmifk vkcs` Clmifk fkhk pi vèhcklk e` lm e`vuspffjöi e` lm wjiupsm w`sk e` lk }p` v` usmumsèm ì s`mljeme v`sèm e` pim “vpvusmfujtm mvpifjöi‘ ì pi b`vuk hpz f`sfmik ml e` Hmllmshê? `l `vumcl`fjhjìuk e` pim hèijhm, mcvklpum ejd`sìfjm? lm ejd`sìfjm ìus` `l lpbms z lk }p` kfpss` ì `vu` lpbms) Fmwupsmek ì `vum mpvìfjm e` fklks, `vum ejd`sìfjm `vuí fkivujupjem m usmtêv e`l ckssmek e` ukek ujwk e` fkiuìjek)2

Fmwèuplk 3) @l vjlìfjk fkhk mcmiekik tklpiumsjk? Epfnmhw Usmv s`mljms vp ÿlujhk fpmesk Up hµ .=:=>* z e` ìf`ssms `l mjs` e` Wm( sèv ì pim mhwkllm e` fsjvuml m s`}p`sjhjìukv e` vp mhjbk Ms`vic`sb, Ep( fnmhw s`wsìe` ì =:37 lm ÿijfm mfujtjeme fkiujipm e` ukem vp `~jvuìfjm? `l moès` z ìusm ì pim dmv` e` vjlìfjk ik umiuk fs`mujtk, vjik wÿcljfk) @i s`mljeme, `l vjlìfjk e` Epfnmhw .k ejvhjipfjöi e` vp fkiejfjöi mp( uksml, ì lèi`m fki lmv wkvu`sjks`v u`ksèmv e` Cmsun`v e` lm fsèujfm m lm mpuksèm z m lm mpuìujfjeme* tm wmsòk m kusk dmfuks }p` s`t`lm vp tjifplmfjöi fki lm bpsm e` Hmllmshê) Lk }p` l` musmèm m Epfnmhw e` Hmllmshê `sm `l tmlks ukiml e`l t`svk hív mllí e` lkv vjbijfmekv hùmdösjfkv e` vpv wk`vèmv, `v e`fjs, e` t`èm lm wk`vèm e` Hmllmshê, lm hpvjfmljeme e` hív lmv wmlm( csmv ìlmlm“vpw`sfj`‘ }p` Epfnmhw pim `~ws`vjöi jiu`l`fupml z f`s`csml }p` pim `~ws`vjöi mijhml .`hkfjöi, `~ws`vjtjeme*, }p` Epfnmhw lmhìumcm e` bsmi wmsu` e`l msu` hke`sik e` vp w`sèkek) @l vjlìfjk e` Epfnmhw fki`fumsèm ik völk fki lm “jimfujtjeme‘, vjik umhcjêi fki lm fs`mfjöi e` kcsmv ùj}pùmemv cmok `l fkif`wuk e` “jidsm( hjif`‘) »]pê vjbijfmek ujì` `l fkif`wuk e` “jidsm(hjif`‘ z }pê s`lmfjöi ujì` fki `l vjlìfjk; Lk “hjif`‘, fkhk mwpiuö `l wskwjk Epfnmhw, v`sèm m}p`llk }p` `vfmwm ml vìujek fkhÿi z m lm kcv`stmfjöi fjìuèfm, mlbk }p` wpè` `vums fki`fumek m lk tjvpml, m lk kldmujtk, k jiflpvk m lk uífujl1 mlbk }p` wpè` v`s pi hktjhjìuk, pim hjsmem, `l wmvk ws`tjk m pim mffjöi, pi eù`sjksk, k lm vphm e` ukekv `llkv) Mvè ì lm kcsm Mjs` e` Wmsjv, `l mjs` ì vè, lm muhövd`sm, nmclm wks vè hjvhm e` lk jidsml`t`, w`sk `vum je`m v` 2

=5

Mlmji Cmejkp, L` vjîfl`, Wmsèv, V`pjl, 3770)


t` vpcsmzmem wks vp dsmbjljeme .tjvpml z hmu`sjml* z vp usmivwmsìfjm wpè` fkivje`smsv` fkhk lm jiu`swsùmfjöi tjvpml e` lk jidsml`t`) W`sk ì s`mljeme, lk }p` vjuÿm m Epfnmhw fkhk pi wjki`sk ì `vum b`( i`mlkbèm e`l vjlìfjk `v vp e`fjvjöi e` fksums `l ejílkbk fki `l wÿcljfk z e` `hmifjwmsv` e` lm vpo`fjöi v`stjl ml hpiek umiuk ì vp t`svjöi fkhk h` ( fìmv, fljìu`, fkivphjeks, miumbkijvum k íscjusk, e`fjvjöi }p` dp` ksjbì e` fkiuskt`svjmv ` jifkhwsìvjki`v, fkhk lm wskumbkijmem ì lkv mýkv vùìum wksìus` Epfnmhw fkhk }pèm fkivumifjm ì lm vjbpjìu` ìus`tjvum C`pzvzz C`pzv, Mfnjll` uml Ckijuk Kljtm? MCK? Uÿ nmv e`flmsmek }p` ik nmz }p` vkcs`tmlksms `l vjlì( fjk e` Epfnmhw) ]pjvj`sm ìuìe`s ì }pê vìujek, ì }pê wkvjfjöi v` vjuÿm up usmcmok s`vw`fuk ml e` Epfnmhw; C@PZV? @i lm ejvfpvjöi e`c` `h`sb`s lm i`f`vjeme e` ik vkcs`tmlksms `l vjlìfjk e` Epfnmhw völk ì pik e` lkv mv( w`fukv? Hmsf`l Epfnmhw ik ejok m}p`llk }p` ik ejok) Mws`fjk hpfnk m HE w`sk e`ck s`fnmms vp vjlìfjk) Epfnmhw `vumcm vjhwl`hìu` ì `l iml, zm ik uìèm je`mv, zm ik v` l` kfpssèm imem jhwksumiu`) N` ejfnk }p` mws`fjk hpfnk ml nkhcs`, w`sk ik vp vjlìfjk, wks lk hìkv ik l` ekz lm jhwksumifjm }p` l` musjcpzì lkv e`hív) .․* Epfnmhw }p`sèm e`vuskms ml cpsbpêv z wks `vu` hkujtk e`vuspzk vpv wskwjmv dp`smv, }p` hpsj`ski e` t`seme .․*) Ukekv vmcì }p` Epfnmhw vj`hws` s`bmýmcm m lkv oöt`( i`v, ejfjêiekl`v? “@vuk zm lk n`hkv n`fnk, zm lk n`hkv n`( fnk ukek, lmv mffjki`v, `l nmwwìjib) Ukek `v tjòk .․*) @l fkiuìjek e`l vjlìfjk e` Epfnmhw v` s``s` m }p`s`s eòms wmvjtk `l jifkivfjìu`, m }p`s`slk fplujtms) Êvu` `v `l mvw`f( uk }p` ljbm m Epfnmhw fki lkv vpss`mljvumv) Lkv vpss`mljvumv vkvuìèmi wke`s tjtjs e` vp jifkivfjìu`? fs`èmi `vums wks ì( fjhm e` lm s`mljeme z vji `hcmsbk v` ìfkiusmcmi wks e`cm( ok) Wìvmcmi }p` ì `l jifkivfjìu` v` wpè` “w`vfms e` lk upscjk‘ vmfmiek dp`sm hpfnmv jhíbì`v1 w`sk ì hj kwjijöi lmv jhíbì`v }p` `h`sbì mfuÿmi vkcs` ikvkuskv e` hmi`sm s`ws`vjtm .․*) @l n`fnk e` }p` Epfnmhw ik v` jiu`s`vmsm wks lm fkivfjìfjm, wks lm hùkeklk( bèm, wks lkv miíljvjv ij wkv lkv fklk}pjkv vkcs` lm njvuksjm, wmsm hè jiejfm }p` êl v` ìfkiusm( cm mfupmiek ì pim ejs`ffjöi kwp`vum, v` ìfkiusmcm ì pim dmv` ì lm }p` zm ik usmcmomcm hív) @l vjhwl`hìu` s`wsjhjö

=0


vpv je`mv) Êvu` dp` vp vjlìfjk? lm mpvìfjm e` lìbpmo`) Êvum `sm lm wmlmcsm `~mfum) @l vjlìfjk e` Epfnmhw v` e`c` usmepfjs wks `l fkif`wuk e` “mpvìfjm mcvklpum e` lìbpmo`) .․* Epfnmhw ik kcuptk imem, ik ì mvw`fukv wklèujfkv, ij ì e`vmsskllkv eìusk e` lm wskepffjöi `vuêujfm) Êl eòö e` kds`f`s vp wmsujfjwmfjöi, »wks }pê; Fs`k }p` kusm t` `v i`f`( vmsjk s`fpssjs ml fkif`wuk e` mpvìfjm e` lìbpmo`) »Föhk nm wkejek vpfè`s }p` `l`v nkhcs` ik uptj`sm }p` e`fjs, }pèmsm vji lìbpmo`, e`fjs, jifmwm eìmem fkhpijfms; @vum}p` `v pim ws`bpium) E`ve` `vu` wpiuk e` tjvum ejk pim jidkshmfjöi e` fmsífu`s i`bmujtk }p` wpè` v`s pujljmem) W`sk, imupsml( hìu`, umhcjêi Epfnmhw wpek ò`sf`s lm ljc`sume e` fmllms? Zk s`vwùk `vum fkif`wfjöi? `vuí flmsk) C`pzv v` s``s` m lm mpvìfjm e` lìbpmo`, m lm jifmwmfjeme e` fkhp( ijfmfjöi) W`sk, fkhk vkvujì` Vkiumb, `l msujvum “völk wpè` ukhms pim e`fjvjöi ò`hwlms e` `vum imupsml`m e`vwpêv e` e`hkvusms }p` ujì` um( lìuk z }p` lk nm ò`sfjek fki mpuksjeme‘) > @l vjlìfjk, w`shmiìu` k ik, ik miplmsèm wp`v lm kcsm) Ukek lk fkiusmsjk, l` kuksbmsèm pi wke`s z pim mpuksj( eme mejfjkiml`v? `l s`wpejk e` lm kcsm v` fkitj`su` ì pim ip`tm dkshm e` tmlje`, ì pi f`sujfmek e` jiejvfpujcl` v`sjème)

Fmwèuplk 6) @l vjlìfjk fkhk lìbpmo` fs`mujtk? Fmb` Kusm e` lmv bsmie`v bpsmv wjki`smv ì `l íhcjuk e`l vjlìfjk `v Okni Fmb`) Zm ì lm u`hwsmim d`fnm e` =:56 Fmb` `vfsjc` pim wmsujupsm, Fn`vv Wj`f`v, hpz jipjek wks `l jiu`sêv e` vp mhjbk Epfnmhw wks `l moès`) @i `vum wmsujupsm Fmb` h`flm lkv vkijekv hpvjfml`v fki pim `vuspfupsm ì sùèfplm ukhmem ejs`fumhìu` e` lm h`vm e` moès` }p` eìkum `l jijfjml jiu`sêv e` Fmb` wks lm wjiupsm uml fkhk v` wpè` t`s ì lm wjiupsm eìkhj( imem umhcjêi Fn`vv Wj`f`v e` =:55) Mcpiemiek ì `vu` vìujek, ì pim fmsum e` =:5>, ejsjbjem ml Tmvvms Fk( ll`b` ujuplmem “M Fkhwkv`sµv Fkid`vvjki‘, Fmb` `vfsjc`? >

V) Vkiumb, kw) fju), w) =2)

=4


Uìbk hpfnkv ip`tkv e`v`kv .ekv wpèì wms`f`s mcvpsekv w`sk h` lkv ukhk ì v`sjk*? pik, `v fkhwki`s pim kcsm e` jijiu`ssphwjek vjlìfjk z hmiemslm m Hpma Fk .pim `hws`( vm hpvjfml*) Uìesí pim epsmfjöi e` pikv 6 k 5 hjipukv z vp uèuplk v`sí Vjlìu Wsmz`s) @hw`msí fki pim vklm je`m }p` ji( uìumsê }p` v`m umi vèpfuksm fkhk `l fklks, lm dkshm z lm dsmbmifjm e` pim ks) : Z vj cjì `vukv hkhìukv, Fmb` `v fkivfjìu` e` }p` kcsmukhmem n`fnm m wmsujs e`l ì vjlìfjk ik v`sèm fkivje`smem v`sjm? “Vmcèm }p`pim v`sèm fkhk pim cskhm z pim sìpifjm ml usmcmok, ik kcvumiu`, ì =:0= v` vjst` e`l vjlìfjk vkcs` ukek wmsm i`bmslk? “Ik `~jvu` `vuk }p` llmhmhkv vjlìfjk) Vj`hws` `~jvu` mlbk }p` wskepf` spjek .․* @l `vwmfjk z `l uj`hwk tmfèk ik `~jvuì) Vj`hws` nmz mlbk }p` t`s, mlbk }p` kès‘, nmcèm hmijd`vumek Fmb` ml s`d`sjsv` m vp dmhkvm `~w`sjìfjm ml jiuskepfjsv` ì pim fíhmsm “mi`fkj( fm‘, vksem, epsmiu` pim tjvjum m lm Pijt`svjeme e` Nmstmse, ekie` êl v`bpèm kzìek ekv fkvmv? lkv lmujekv e` vp fksmöi z lm fjsfplmfjöi e` lm vmibs` wks lm fmc`m, `v e`fjs, lkv vkijekv e` lkv pokv jiu`sikv e`l fp`swk) Vkijek z vjlìfjk tìesèmi m v`s lk hjvhk e`vwpêv e` m}p`llm `~w`sjì( fjm }p` fplhjiö ì tmsjmv mffjki`v m wmsujs e` =:07 vjìek lm hív e`vumfm( em vp 5µ66 e` =:03, pim wj`m hpvjfml ì lm }p` Fmb` v` vjstjö e`l vjlìfjk hpvjfml, e`l jivusphìuk wmsm fkifìusms lm muìfjöi ì lm vjupmfjöi ì vè, umiuk ì vìujek w`sf`wujtk, fkhk eòms wmvk ml spjek, ml spjek mhcjìu`, ml spjek bì`smek wks lm mpejìfjm, ì vphm, m lm “tjem‘) Êvum `v lm ejhìvjöi e`l “vjlìfjk‘ }p` hív ikv jiu`s`vm s`vmlums e` Fmb`, pi vjlìfjk }p` vjbij( fm `l ìu`sk hpiek e` vkijek, lm “tjem‘, z vp ìusmem ì `l hpiek e` lm hÿvjfm vjbijfm `l i e` lm mfujtjeme `~flpvjtm llmhmem “msu`‘ hèjmiu` lm fpml `l fkhwkvjuks nmf` pi mfuk v`wmsmek e`vujimek m jlphjims lm kvfpsjeme e`l fmkv e` lm tjem fkujejmim) »Fpíl`v vki wp`v mlbpikv e` lkv mvw`fukv flmt` e` `vum wj`m vkcs` ukek ì lk }p` s`vw`fum m lmv wsífujfmv msuèvujfmv wkvu`sjks`v;? lm fkif`wupmljm( fjöi e` lm kcsm e` msu` fkhk pim `~w`sjìfjm e` epsmfjöi, pim `vw`fj` e` fkiuìèks e`l uj`hwk cmvmek ì wmsêiu`vjv u`hwksml`v, `vumcl`fjekv e` dkshm mscjusmsjm, }p` eù`shjimi lm epsmfjöi e` pim mffjöi k pi mfkiu`fj( hjìuk)

:

Sjfnmse Akvu`lmiù .è)*, Fkit`svjib rjun Fmb`, Lkieki, Skpulèb`, 3776, w)=>:)

=2


Fmwèuplk 5) @l vjlìfjk fkhk pim `~w`sjìfjm w`sf`wupml? Hmlsmp~ @i =:0=, Miesê Hmlsmp~ jiuskepf` pim ip`tm s``~jöi m `vu` fkif`wuk wkljêesjfk e`l vjlìfjk fki lm wpcljfmfjöi e` vp u`~uk Lmv tkf`v e`l vjlìfjk,=7 pi tjmo` wks lm njvuksjm hpiejml e` lmv msu`v }p` mcmsfm ik völk lm fplupsm kffjeìuml vjik umhcjêi Ksjìu`, `l msu` ws`fklkhcjik, `l e` lkv ijýkv, `l e` lkv lkfkv z }p`, me`hív, e`vumfm wks lm e`dìvm m plusmim e` lm `lkfpìfjm e` lmv jhíbì`v .hpemv wks imupsml`m*) Fkhk vkvujì` Hmlsmp~, `l vjlì( fjk `l wmvmek k e` lm njvuksjm ik wpè` v`s kcvuífplk wmsm `vumcl`f`s ejílk( bkv fki lmv jhíbì`v, jhíbì`v }p` umiuk wke`hkv ìfkiusms ì lm fmll`, ì lm vklème e` lkv hpv`kv k ì `l msfnjtk pijt`svml fki `l }p` Hmlsmp~ tjvjum `l “hpv`k jhmbjimsjk‘ e` lmv dkukbsmdèmv) Lm wsjhmfèm e` lm jiupjfjöi w`sf`wujtm fkhk dkshm e`l fkikfjhjìuk `v vp bsmi mwksu`) Ik ì tmik H`sl`mp Wkiuz v`ýmlmcm }p` “`l hmzks fkik( fjhjìuk e`l wìvmeks `v vp w`sf`wfjöi, lk fpml vjuÿm m Hmlsmp~ ì lmv mi( uèwkemv e` ukem t`svjöi jiu`l`fupmljmem e`l msu`? @vfsjcjö Hmlsmp~ ì Lmv Tkf`v? “Ip`vusm s`lmfjöi m lk lmsbk e` ukek `l vjblk fki `l msu` ik nm eòmek e` jiu`l`fupmljmsv`‘)==

Fmwèuplk 0) @l vjlìfjk fkhk pi mfuk jfkikflmvum? E`ckse Pik e` lkv wjki`skv e`l pvk e`l vjlìfjk ì `l fmhwk e`l fji` `v Bpz E`ckse, }p` ì lm w`lèfplm Mplljekv wks Vme` .Npsl`hìuv ì dmt`ps e` Vme`* e` =:03, vph`sb` ml `vw`fumeks ì lm kvfpsjeme z `l vjlìfjk mcvklpuk) @i `vu` fmvk, lm pujljmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk .umiuk jföijfk fkhk vkiksk* ws`vìum pi mhwljk s`bjvusk e` l`fupsmv }p` ik völk mwpiumi nmfjm pim fsèujfm ml fji` i`kss`mljvum .z ml wkvu`sjks e`vmsskllk ì `l “fjiêhm t`sjuê‘ ì Dsmifjm*, vjik }p` wlmiu`mi mcj`sumhìu` pim mfujupe jiusmivjbìu` ` jfkikflmvum, pim `~ws`vjöi tjvf`sml e` lm hmu`sjm wsjh`sm fji`hmukbsífm }p` cpvfmcm wsktkfms s`mffjki`v tjklìumv ì lkv `vw`fumeks`v) Miesê Hmlsmp~, L`v tkj~ ep vjlìf`, Wmsjv, Bmlljhmse, =:0=) N`hkv fkivplumek lm èjfjöi `vwmýklm? M) Hmlsmp~, Lmv tkf`v e`l vjlìfjk) Tjvjöi e`l msu`, Cp`(

=7 ==

ikv Mjs`v, @h`fê, =:04, w) =3)

=>


Fmwèuplk 4) @l vjlìfjk fkhk pi hèjk e` wpsjfmfjöi? Smpvfnìc`sb @l msujvum v` wpsjfm e` vè hjvhk z e` vp msu`) Hív }p` m lm wlìm s`m( ljmfjöi ì `l íhcjuk dkshml z `~ws`vjtk, s`fpss` ml vjlìfjk fkhk kim e` hèjumfjöi, e` hmepsmfjöi `vwjsjupml k e` smejfml `~w`sjhìumfjöi ì `l íhcjuk e`l sèpffjkijvhk dkshml z hjijhmljvum) E`ve` `vum cmok `vum öwujfm e`c`hkv ìuìe`s lmv Rnju` Wmjiujibv e` Skc`su Smpvfnìc`sb e` =:0=? Vki ‖ `vfsjc` `l msujvum ( bsmie`v ljìkv clmifkv ksbmijmekv z v`l`ffjkimekv v`bÿi lm `~w`sjìfjm e`l uj`hwk z ws`vì( umekv fki lm jikfìfjm e` pim tjsbì) Usmumi e` mvw`fukv s`( lmfjkimekv fki vpvwìvk, `~fjumfjöi z `vuíi n`fnmv fki pi vjlìfjk ksbíijfk, lm s`vusjffjöi e` lm ljc`sume e` lm mpvìfjm, `l tmfèk wlívujfk e` lm imem, `l wpiuk ekie` pi fèsfplk `hwj`m z mfmcm) Vki pim s`vwp`vum imupsml m lmv mfupml`v ws`vjki`v e` dmlum e` d` z pim hmi`sm e` wskhkt`s `l kwujhjvhk jivujupfjk( iml) .Fmsum e` Skc`su Smpvfnìc`sb m Cùuz Wmsvkiv mf`sfm e` lmv Rnju` Wmjiujibv, e`l Clmfa Hkpiumji Fkll`b`, Mvn`tjll`, IZ, d`fnmek `l => e` kfupcs` e` =:0=*) Z opiuk m Smpvfnìc`sb, lmv wjiupsmv ik ( fkhwkvjfjkiml`v z hkikfsk( hmv e` @llrksun fkikfjö m Fmb` ì Wmsèv ì =:5:, fki `l }p` vj`hws` hmiuptkA`llz pim}p` `vus`fnm fkhwljfjeme) Zt`(Mlmji Ckjvz mshm }p` vj wks pi lmek A`llz nm vjek `l hív “fmb`mik‘ e` ukekv lkv msujvumv ì `l vìujek e` fkhwmsujs pimv hjvhmv `vusmu`bjmv .usmivd`sìfjm, mms, usmhm, hkikfskhk*, umhcjêi wpè` mshmsv` }p` Fmb` nm vjek `l hív a`ll`mik e` ukekv lkv fkhwkvjuks`v, lkv ekv fkhwmsuì umhcjêi pim hjvhm mwsk~j( hmfjöi ik jiu`l`fupml ij lju`smsjm m lm kcsm? Fmb`, wkijìek ukek `l êidmvjv vjhwl`hìu` ì lm mpejfjöi z A`llz ì lm hjsmem) =3

=3

Zt`(Mlmji Ckjv, “@ifkius`v m lµmums? A`llz, Hks`llù, Fmb`‘, ì Lµmims}pjm e`l vjlìfjk) Okni

Fmb` j lµmsu `~w`sjhìuml) Cmsf`lkim, Hpv`k e` Msu` Fkiu`hwksíi`k, w) =:0)

=:


Wsjh`sm fkiflpvjöi W`sk fkhk n`hkv tjvuk ì lmv ejd`sìu`v ujwklkbèmv e` “vjlìfjkv‘ m}pè `~wp`vukv, fs``hkv }p` wke`hkv ll`bms m pim wsjh`sm fkiflpvjöi? `l vj( lìfjk, uml fkhk ikv metj`su` Vkiumb, ik wpè` v`s fkidpiejek fkhk pim kim e` hèjumfjöi, pim hmepsmfjöi `vwjsjupml k pi mfuk vkljwvjvum) @i `l vjlìfjk, vj`hws` nmz pi u`sf`sk, `l `vw`fumeks? “@i lm hèjem ì }p` `v v`sjk msujvum `~w`sjhìum lm uìumfjöi e` fksums `l ejílkbk }p` hmiujì` =6 fki `l`lwÿcljfk)‘ @l vjlìfjk v`sèm `l mwkb`k e` `vum s`vjvuìfjm m fkhpijfms, e` `vum mh( cjtmlìfjm s`vw`fuk m lm ukhm e` fkiumfuk fki `l wÿcljfk, }p` `v pim fmsmf( u`sèvujfm vkcs`vmljìu` e`l msu` hke`sik, fki vp jifmivmcl` fkivmbsmfjöi m lk ip`tk z lk `vkuêsjfk) Pi vjlìfjk }p` ik `~jvu` ì vìujek lju`sml, fkhk `~w`sjìfjm e`l wÿcljfk, ij umhwkfk fkhk wskwjème e` pim kcsm e` msu`) Ik `~jvuì vpw`sfj`v i`pusml`v, ij ejvfpsvkv i`pusml`v ij u`hmv i`pusml`v ij dkshmv i`pusml`v) Z `l vjlìfjk ipifm `v i`pusml, vjik pi `l`hìuk e`l ejí( lkbk }p` wpè` mekwums dkshmv `~us`hmemhìu` fsèujfmv, dkshmv wklèujfmv e` s`vjvuìfjm, fkhk lmv }p` nmi mvphjek pi cpì iÿh`sk e` msujvumv fki( u`hwksíi`kv }p` v` vjstì e`l vjlìfjk fkhk pim mshm, fkhk pi fkhwsk( hjvk, hív mllí e`l ksimhìuk z lm ejt`svjöi z, vkcs` ukek, `l `vw`fuífplk) E`ve` ip`vusm mfupml w`svw`fujtm, e`ve` `l skvusk kvfpsk e` lm blkcm( ljmfjöi ì vp mhìmm fkiusm lmv s`mljeme`v lkfml`v z fki `l usmvdkiek e` bìkfjejkv z ip`tkv Nklkfmpvukv `v fmem eèm hív ds`fpìu` `l s`fpsvk e` msujvumv e` ejd`sìu`v lmujupe`v m `vum ikfjöi e` vjlìfjk fkhk pim s`jtjiej( fmfjöi miu` lm mtmlmifnm e` `vusmukv wks `l spjek jif`vmiu` e` lkv hèjkv mpejktjvpml`v .lk tjvjcl` ‖ hpek t`svpv lk mfÿvujfk*, w`sk umhcjêi fkhk cÿv}pèm e` pim fj`sum i`bmujtjeme, e` pi s`fnmk m lk hkiphìuml z `v( w`fumfplmsjmek e` ip`vusm vkfjème h`sfmiujljmem, mhiêvjfm, fkitplvm z wlmbmem e` tjklìfjm) S`vplum nmvum fj`suk wpiuk wmsmeöojfk föhk ì mlbpikv fmvkv lm tklpi( ume e` ems u`vujhkijk e`l nkssks vp`l` js wmsml`lm ml hpujvhk, wks lm jh( wkuìfjm e`l lìbpmo` m ems fpìum e` lm hkivuspkvjeme }p` nm mvklmek lm `~jvuìfjm z lm fmwmfjeme `~ws`vjtm e` lmv wmlmcsmv)=5 Pim `~w`sjìfjm, lm e` lk “jie`fjcl`‘ ì lm }p` `l vjlìfjk v` mljhìum miu` lm i`f`vjeme e` fkiopsms `l kltjek wks}p`, fkhk vkvujì` Wsjhk L`tj s`sjêiekv` ì `vu` fmvk, m vp `~w`sjìfjm fki `l Vnkm? “Lk w`ks e` lm `~w`sjìfjm e` lk jie`fjcl` v`sèm =6

V) Vkiumb, kw) fju), w) =2)

=5

E) L` Csùki, kw) fju), w) >6)

37


}p` pi eèm v` jhwpvj`v` `l kltjek k lm jiejd`sìfjm? ekv dkshmv smejfml`v e` e`vfmljfmfjöi e`l vjbijfmek)‘ =0 Wjìvk }p` e`ve` `vum w`svw`fujtm nmcsèm }p` ìuìe`s `l msu` e` lm msujvum fklkhcjmim Eksjv Vmlfèk }p` m usmtêv e` kcsmv fkhk Vnjccklùn ws`vìumem ì lm Vmlm e` Upscjimv e` lm Umu` Hke`si e` Lkies`v ì 3772 z vp v`sj` e` usmcmokv Lm Fmvm Tjpem, ìujìe` `l msu` fkhk pim hmi`sm e` “`vfmwmsv` ml npsmfíi e`l wskbs`vk‘? @l msu` `v lm jiu`sspwfjöi }p` ikv w`shju` vpvusm`sikv e`l np( smfíi e`l wskbs`vk) @l msu` ikv em uj`hwk wmsm fkhwme`f`s( ikv e`l vpdsjhjìuk e` ukemv lmv w`svkimv))) Lmv `~w`sjìfjmv }p` usmuk e` v`ýmlms ì hj kcsm ik vki miêfekumv ij `~w`( sjìfjmv ejs`fumv e` lm tjem) Vki völk `l s`fp`sek e` ejfnm `~( w`sjìfjm, vj`hws` `tmi`vfìu`v, vki `l tmfèk bì`smek wks `l kltjek)‘ =4 Umhcjêi v`bÿi `vukv wmsíhùskv wkesèmhkv ws`vìums mlbpikv usmcm( okv e` Mldsèk Omms, fkhk @l Lmhìuk e` lmv jhíbì`v .3773*, pim s``~jöi vkcs` lkv lèhju`v e` lmv jhíbì`v z vp fkiuskl wks `l wke`s m wmsujs e` us`v ejvujiukv s`lmukv, z e` Vmiujmbk Vj`ssm, ì vp rksa ji wskbs`vv jijfjmem ì Lpffm .Jumljm* ì 377:, IK Blkcml Ukps, pim wmlmcsm usjejhìvjkiml }p` tjmom ì fmhjöi wks ejvujiumv fjpeme`v e`l hpiek }p` `l msujvum ìujìe` fkhk pi bsjuk miumbkijvum e`l vjvu`hm? “Lmv w`svkimv }p` `vuíi lpfnmiek mfujtm( hìu` fkiusm `l vjvu`hm i`f`vjumi jhíbì`v z lkv msujvumv v` lmv e`c`hkv wskwksfjkims) @vu` IKlmBlkcml Ukps `vuí lkv }p` zm `vuíi nmsukv e` lm jiopvujfjm, ekhjimfjöi, lm n`fnk fìvpsmwmsm z lmukekv kws`vjöi‘) Z fkiujipm Vj`ssm? “IK `~ws`vm pim s`vwp`vum m ukem jhwkvjfjöi pijt`svmljmiu`) IK `v `l hív flmsk ò`sfjfjk e`l e`s`fnk m pi hmijd`vums pim mfujupe e` e`v( mfp`sek miu` lm s`mljeme fkhk ukumljeme, vp fmkv, vp dpupsk, z miu` lm vìvm( fjöi e` ìfkiusmsh` m hè hjvhk eìusk e` pi mtjöi fki pi fkhmiemiu` ckssmfnk‘)=2

Wsjhk L`tj, L`v impdsmbêv ù l`v s`vfmwêv) ]pmsmiu` mie mwsîv Mpvfnrju, Wmsjv, Bmlljhmse, =:>:, w) =:4) =4nuuw?++rrr)ikujfjmv)fkh+eksjv(vmlfèk(ws`hjk(t`lm}p`(e`(msu`v(wlmvujfmv(37=7)5=44=7

=0

=2

nuuw?++w`sdkshm(msuv)ksb+clkb+vmiujmbk(vj`ssm+

3=


Fkiflpvjöi Ikv bpvumsèm fkiflpjs fki pim ip`tm s``~jöi vkcs` lkv lèhju`v z lm vpw`( smfjöi e`l lìbpmo`, }p` `v e` m}pè e` ekie` vpsb` `l vjlìfjk) Z lk tkz m nm( f`s e` lm hmik e` kusk jhws`vfjiejcl` u`ösjfk wmsm mcksems `vum fp`vujöi? Oksb` Lpjv Cksb`v) @l mpuks, ì `l u`~uk “Lm `vfsjupsm e` Ejkv,‘ => mshm }p` miu` lm jivpfjìfjm e`l lìbpmo` wmsm s`wskepfjs pim `~w`sjìfjm eù`shj( imem, v` mcsè` `l lm íhcjuk e`lmcvklpum vjlìfjk fplhjimsèm }p` usmvfjìe` ê~umvjv) Lm cÿv}pèm wmlmcsm mvè ìlm`lwmlmcsm vjlìfjk,ìì`lpi `vwm( fjk hpek mcj`suk ml iml e` lkv s`lmukv }p`, lòkv e` v`s pim `vuspfupsm tm( fèm, `v pi usjpidk vkcs` lm jifmwmfjeme t`scml wmsm `~ws`vms lm hplujwljfjeme e` lkv vìujekv wkvjcl`v) =: @l vjlìfjk ik mij}pjlm lm wmlmcsm) @ibìesm lm wkvjcjljeme e` lm wkljv`hjm ) Lm wmlmcsm `vfsjum `v pim wsjvjöi lmc`sèiujfm wks}p` w`suì`f` ml hpiek dìkhêijfk z v` ìfpìusm ljbmem m pi vjbijfmek ÿijfk) @l msu` ujì` lm hjvjöi e` usmvfìe`slm, pcjfíieklm ì pi `vwmfjk e` vjbijfmekv wlpsml`v) Lm mw`supsm e`l vjlìfjk eù`shjim `l mfkiu`fjhjìuk `vuêujfk)

=> =:

Oksb` Lpjv Cksb`v, “Lm `vfsjupsm e` Ejkv‘, ì @l Ml`wn, Hmesje, Mljmim, =::2 Têmv` Bmcsj`lm Hmvvpn, Cksb`v? Pim `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk, Cpìkv Mjs`v, @ejuksjml e` C`lbsmik,

=:>7)

33


S`d`sìfjmv Cjcljkbsífmv Cmejkp, Mlmji, L` vjîfl`, Wmsjv, V`pjl, 3770) Ckjv, Zt`v ‖ Mlmji, “@ifkius`v m l‚mums? A`llz, Hks`llù, Fmb`‘, ì L‚mims}pjm e`l vjlìfjk, Okni Fmb` j l‚msu `~w`sjhìuml) Cmsf`lkim, Hpv`k e` Msu` Fkiu`hwksíi`k) Cksb`v, Oksb` Lpjv, “Lm `vfsjupsm e` Ejkv‘, ì @l Ml`wn, Hmesje, Mljmim, =::2) Akvu`lmieù, Sjfnmse .è)*, Fkit`svjib rjun Fmb`, Lkies`v, Skpulèb`, 3776) L` Csùki, Emtje, @l vjlìfjk) Mwsk~jhmfjki`v, Hmesje, V`}pjups, 377:) Hmlsmp~, M), Lmv tkf`v e`l vjlìfjk) Tjvjöi e`l msu`, Cpìkv Mjs`v, @h`fê, =:04) (((( L`v tkj~ ep vjlìf`, Wmsjv, Bmlljhmse, =:0=) Hmvvpn, Bmcsj`lm, Cksb`v? Pim `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk, Cpìkv Mjs`v, @ejuk( sjml e` C`lbsmik, =:>7) Wsjhk, L`tj, L`v impdsmbêv ù l`v s`vfmwêv) ]pmsmiu` miv mwsîv Mpvfnrju, Wmsjv, Bmlljhmse, =:>:) Vfjmffm, Hjfn`l` Dè`sjfk, @l vjlìfjk z lm wmlmcsm) Fkh` v` tìf` ì Rmu`slkk, Cmsf`lkim, @ejuksjml Lpjv Hjsmfl`, =:4=) Vkiumb, Vpvmi, “Lm `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk‘, ì @vujlkv Smejfml`v, Cmsf`lkim, E` Cklvjllk, 3772)

Jiu`siù nuuw?++w`sdkshm(msuv)ksb+clkb+vmiujmbk(vj`ssm+ nuuw?++rr r)ikujfjmv)fk h+eksjv(vmlfèk(ws`h jk(t`lm}p`( e`(msu`v( wlmvujfmv(37=7)5=44=7

36

U`hw`vume z vjlìfjk Hmsèm e`l Hms Hmsfkv Fmssù`sk Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

»@~jvu` mlbk }p` wke`hkv eìkhjims fkhk `l vjlìfjk ì lm wjiupsm; Lm ji}pjùpe wks `vu` u`hm fkhìö ml mimljms Lm u`hw`vume, e` Bjksbjki`, pi fpmesk e`l fjifp`fìuk tì`fjmik, `l fpml h` jiusjbmcm vkcs`hmi`sm, z lk vjbp` nmfjìek) Fkhìfê m kcv`stms fmem pik e` lkv `l`hìukv, nmfjì( ek pim l`fupsm fmsmfu`sjmem jfkikbsífm mwks wmsujs lm fpml v` e`vfpcs` lm fkhwkvjfjöi fpmuskfìujvum pime`tjvjöi lòmim․ Z vji `hcmsbk, `l wk( e`s e`l fìusk ik mwms`f`? t`hkv m lkv w`svkimo`v ì wsjh`s wlmik, wsèk( hjimiek `l wlmik e` vpw`sfj`, w`sk `llkv ik wms`fì v`s `l u`hm wsjifjwml? mws`fjmhkv m lm hpo`s mhmhmiumiek, }p` hjsm ml `vw`fumeks1 met`sujhkv ml nkhcs` e`l lmek j}pj`sek, }p` lm kcv`stm m `llm․ W`sk “mlbk‘ kfpss` ìus` `llkv, pim ejvumifjm, pi tmfèk? ik wms`f` nmc`s fkhpijfmfjöi ìus` mhckv, lkv w`svkimo`v, ` jiflpvk lkv kcoùkv z lm imupsml`m, v` nmllmi fmem pik eìusk e` pim `vd`sm }p` lkv mèvlm, pi fsjvuml }p` lkv vpvusm` e` lk fkuj( ejmik, }p` ik w`shju` lm usmivbs`vjöi e` lkv vkijekv ij e` lmv fkvmv․ Z e` s`wìu` wke`hkv vìujs `l vjlìfjk) Pi vjlìfjk `vumcl`fjek wks lm mpvìfjm e` fìusk, wks lm dmlum e` fkhpijfmfjöi k wks lm ws`vìfjm e` Ejkv, }pjì wm( s`f` `vums kcv`stmiek m lm ejvumifjm, ì dkshm e` smzk1 pim e`jeme umhcjêi jifmwmfjumem e` fkhpijfmsv`, e` ukfms k nmf`sv` `vfpfnms ì lkv kuskv․ Mvè, wms`f` kfpssjs pi vjlìfjk, hmij`vuk ì `vum kcsm wjfuösjfm) Pi vjlì( fjk ìuìejek fkhk pi `l`hìuk ws`vìu` ì Lm u`hw`vume, z ik völk fkhk pim hùídksm k pim mcvusmffjöi) Lm ws`vìfjm e`l vjlìfjk v` w`sfjc` fkhk pi `l`hìuk “eìusk‘ e` lm kcsm wjfuösjfm1 pi `l`hìuk e` “jiu`smffjöi‘, k }p` cjì wkesèm s`d`sjsv` m lm jiu`smffjöi }p` kfpss` ìus` lmv bpsmv ws`vìu`v ì lm kcsm, mpi}p` `vu` `vumek fkhÿi v` s``sm, ì `vu` fmvk, ml tmfèk fs`mek wks lm jifkhpijfmfjöi, `v` “mlbk‘ }p` ik kfpss` ìus` lmv bpsmv e` lm wj`m․ Cjì wkesèmhkv mepfjs }p`, ìukif`v, `l vjlìfjk wsktjì` e` lkv fkh( wkiìu`v jfkiklöbjfkv ` jfkikbsífkv k mÿi fkhwkvjujtkv ws`vìu`v ì lm kcsm, z `vk `v fj`suk1 w`sk umhcjêi wke`hkv “vìujs‘ fkhk `l vjlìfjk, mpi}p` ì `d`fuk kfpss` wks lm fkhwkvjfjöi jiu`bsml e`l fpmesk, `v “kusm fkvm‘, pi `l`hìuk jie`wìejìu`․ Mvè fkhk lk jfkiklöbjfk ik miplm lk fkhwkvjujtk ij lk jfkikbsífk, vjik }p` vki `l`hìukv }p` v` mwkzmi, z }p` ik wks `llk eòmi e` v`s kcoùkv e` miíljvjv jie`wìejìu`v) @v e`fjs, `l vjlìfjk vpsb` fkhk pi fpmsuk `l`hìuk, pim ws`vìfjm, e`( sjtmem e` lm fkiopifjöi e` lkv us`v `l`hìukv e` miíljvjv cívjfkv, w`sk lm jiupjfjöi ml kcv`stmslk `v }p` ik v` usmum e` pim mcvusmffjöi vjik e` mlbk ws`vìu` ì lm kcsm)

30


Nmllmhkv ì Lm u`hw`vume pi “vjlìfjk‘ fkhk dmlum e` fkhpijfmfjöi k jifkhpijfmfjöi ìus` z fki lk nphmik, ekie` wke`hkv “vìujs‘ pi vjlì( fjk s`vw`fuk e`l u`hm) (((((((((( Vkcs` `vum kcsm v` nmi `vfsjuk ejd`sìu`v jiu`swsùmfjki`v e`cjek m }p` s`vplum pi fpmesk `~usmýkijwmsm lm êwkfm, `l fpml `lik u`hm ik `v flmsk, wp`v( ik v` usmum e` pi sùsmuk e` pi fpmeskì s`ljbjkvk, }pèm flmsk `l mvpi uk) Lk }p` wke`hkv kcv`stms `v }p` ì êl `~jvu` pim ukuml e`vfki`~jöi ìus` lkv w`svkimo`v, ik v` fkhpijfmi, ik v` hjsmi, ml wms`f`s fmem w`svk( imo` `vuí ì vp wskwjm `vd`sm, w`sfjcjìek `l jivumiu` .fkhk pi jivumiu` ji ( u`sjks*, hjìusmv eùsív v` kcv`stm }p` lm ukshìum `vuí wks e`vmumsv`) V` fs`m pim e`vfki`~jöi ìus` lk nphmik z lm imupsml`m) W`v` m lm ukshìum }p` v` mt`fjim, v` jiupz` `l vjlìfjk, wp`v ukek w`shmi`f` e`vljbmek) @vum tjvjöi jiu`sjks e` lkv w`svkimo`v v` kcv`stm ì lm wjiupsm hùmdè ( vjfm, }p` cjì wpè` e`sjtmsv` e`l wlmiu`mhjìuk e` Lm u`hw`vume) Lm wjiupsm hùmdèvjfm v` fmsmfu`sjm, ì uêshjikv bì`sml`v, wks pi e`v`k e` `~wlksms lm tjem jiu`sjks e` lkv kcoùkv, wmsm lk fpml v` l`v fklkfm dp`sm e` vp fkiu`~uk nmcjupml1 ml nmf`slk, v` l`v “v`wmsm‘ e`l `vwmfjk z v` l`v fklk( fm ì wkvjfjöi e` “ejílkbk‘? »]pê nmfì mnè, umi dp`sm e`l lpbms }p` l`v em vìujek; V`bÿi Fnjsjfk, lm imljeme e` lm wjiupsm hùmdèvjfm `v “Fs`ms vìvmfjki`v e`vfkikfjemv ì `l wmvmek, e`vipems `l msu` e` lk }p` ujì` e` fkhÿi z e` mf`wumek wks lm bì`smljeme․ Vpwsjhjs fkhwlùmhìu` ml nkhcs` fkhk bpèm z fkhk hèjk wmsm `~ws`vms lkv vèhcklkv, lmv vìvmfjk( i`v, lkv wìvmhjìukv, ljc`sms m lm wjiupsm, e` pim t` z wmsm vj`hws`, e`l miuskwkhksvhk․‘= Wks ò`hwlk, lm imupsml`m hùmdèvjfm e`l vjlìfjk w`sfjcjek ì Lm u`h( w`vume wpè` s`fkikf`sv`, opvumhìu`, ì `vm e`vfki`~jöi ìus` lmv ìuj( eme`v, ìus` lmv fpml`v wms`f` `~jvujs fmsìfjm e` fkhpijfmfjöi .pim vp`su` e` ik(ejílkbk*) @i `vu` fmvk, vki lmv w`svkimv }pjì`v mwms`fì fkhk kc( oùkv, w`svkimo`v fklkfmekv dp`sm e` vp lpbms nmcjupml? »}pê nmf` pim hpo`s e`vipem mhmhmiumiek m lmv ksjllmv e` lm fjpeme;, »}pê nmfì lmv fklphimv uspifmemv ì lm `vfìm; Lkv w`svkimo`v wms`fì `vums dp`sm e` fkiu`~uk, fklkfmekv vkcs` lm `vfìm, w`sk dp`sm e` `llm1 lk fpml kuksbm m lmv bpsmv pim ejhìvjöi wskwjm, fkhk vj e` wskiuk npcj`smi mwms`fjek ì `l mfki( u`fjhjìuk) =

nuuw?++rrr) Ukekms}pju`fupsm)fkh+t3+ikujfjmv+ki`[i`rv)mvw; JE I`rv8=347

34


.Lm wjiupsm hùmdèvjfm* `~ws`vm `vfìmsjkv jss`ml`v, ekie` lkv kcoùkv tjtì e` pim lp wskwjm, mlòmekv e` lm fkujejmijeme, e` lmv s`lmfjki`v cmiml`v, z wsö~jhkv m kusm s`mljeme, pcjfmem ì pi `vwmfjk hìuml, ì pim s`bjöi wsjtjl`bjmem e` lm h`( hksjm) Ik nmz nkhcs`v vjik bpsmv, hmij}pè`v, `vumupmv k vjlpùmv, fpzm ÿijfm jeìujeme s`vje` ì lm wpsm mwmsjfjöi) “@l skhmiujfjvhk e` lk hjvu`sjkvk‘, `l vjlìfjk e` lk `vwjsjupml, lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e` kcoùkv }p` fkhk `l`hìukv fkhwkvjuj( tkv wj`seì vp3 vjbijfmek s`ml, wmsm dkshms wmsu` e` pi `vwm( fjk `vw`fusml) Wmsm mlbpikv lövkdkv, `l vjlìfjk }pèm s`d`sjek m lm mpvìfjm e`l ukek, w`sk opvuk ì `v` “tmfèk ksjbjiml‘ wlmiu`mi lm wkvjcjljeme e`l jijfjk, `l b`s( hì e` pim “ukumljeme‘ k “e`l ukek‘, `l fpml, m i e` fpìumv, `v fmwumek wks lk nphmik, }pjì lk `~w`sjhìum? “Wmsm Aj`sa`bmmse `l vjlìfjk `v pim wmpvm w`sk umhcjêi pi sùskf`vk, m}p`llk }p` s`vplum e` pim kw`smfjöi e` ckssmek, wmsm lk fpml v` pujljm `l lè}pjek fípvujfk) Pi `vumek f`sk ml }p` v` s`bs`vm wmsm s`fkhìms‘)6 Kuskv ò`hwlkv e` `llk vki lkv fpmeskv e` Fnjsjfk, ekie` `v wkvjcl` mws`( fjms `vum “kw`smfjöi e` ckssmek‘? v` w`sfjc` pim vp`su` e` e`vfki`~jöi ìus` lkv `l`hìukv, z mÿi hív ìus` lkv kcoùkv z lm bpsm nphmim? pim hpo`s e` `vwmlemv }p` wms`f` `vums ì mpvìfjm, ì vklème1 `vuí ws`vìu` wks}p` lm t`hkv, w`sk `v pi ik(`vums, pim “hmifnm‘ }p` nmf` s`vmlums pim `vw`fj` e` np`fk ì ukek `l fpmesk) Vkcs` `vumv “vìvmfjki`v‘ e` vjlìfjk, Höijfm Tjsmvksk `~ws`vm, s`( sjêiekv` mvè ml wìvmhjìuk e` Ijùfn`? Lkv ejkv`v nmi npjek, v` nm n`fnk `l e`vj`suk, `l nkhcs` fm( hjim wks uj`ssmv e`vklmemv) Llmh`hkv ml wkùm, `v ws`fjvk }p` mlbpjì v` mcjvh`, }p` v` npiem ì `l dkiek e` lk kvfpsk, ekie` s`jim `l vjlìfjk) @v e` mllè e` ekie` wskfè` lk mcj`suk, `l s`vuk `vuí ukek llìk e` lk ejfnk, `vwmfjk eìvk z f`ssmek, hpiek e` lk wÿcljfk z e`l “v`‘ ekie` `l nkhcs` v` wj`se` ì `vumek e` ejvw`svjöi) @l dkiek, ì fmhcjk, `v` dkiek kvfpsk, `v `l wmjvmo`, lm uj`ssm ekie` e` jhwsktjvk wìe` pim lp) 5 Klbm, Víì) Bjksbjk e` Fnjsjfk z lm Wjiupsm Hùmdèvjfm, Hê~jfk, Pijt`svjeme Imfjkiml Mp( uöikhm e` Hê~jfk,=::7, w, 35) 6Höijfm, Tjsmvksk) E` jskièmv z vjlìfjkv, @vwmým, Bèjvm, =::2, w, 374)

3

5

Jcje) w) 37>)

32


Ejfnm lp wpè` `vums s`d`sjem umhcjêi m lm cÿv}pèm wkêujfm wks pi lìbpmo` wskwjk, lk ik(fkitìfjkiml e`l nmclm k lm `~ws`vjöi nphmim, z uml lìbpmo` völk wpè` v`s `l e`l vjlìfjk? lk }p` ik v` ejf` `v `l t`seme`sk “hìvmo`‘ e`l u`~uk, e`l wk`hm, e` lm kcsm msuèvujfm) Wmsm fj`sumv hùmdèvj( fmv ksjìuml`v, `l hív mluk, `l hív wpsk mlfmif` e`l mfuk fkiu`hwlmujtk `v m}p`l }p` nm fkiv`bpjek eòms musív e` vè `l lìbpmo`1 N`je`bb`s jiepf` m fmllms wmsm eòms }p` `l v`s ikv nmcl`) Wkspi vpvkijek wmsu`, Amiejivaz, ml s`d`sjsv` m lkve` fklks`v z `l vjlìfjk, .“`l i`bsk wkv`` jiu`sjks m imem, e`vwkomek wkvjcjljeme`v‘* @l clmifk, ì fmhcjk, lk kcv`vjkimcm,․) lk fkivje`smcm llìk e` vjlìfjk .“Q․X `l clmifk umhcjêi md`fum ip`vusm wvj}p` fkhk pi bsmi vjlìfjk, lk }p`, wmsm ikvk( uskv, `v mcvklpuk‘*) Nmclm e`l vjlìfjk wsjhksejml e`l clmifk, `l fpml fkjifje` fki lm imem miu`v e`l ksjbì, miu`v e`l imfjhjìuk) 0 (((((((((( W`sk ì `vum `vfìm e` lmv jiu`swsùmfjki`v, }p` mnksm ikv vjstì fkhk s`d`sìfjm wmsm fkhwsìe`s lm vìvmfjöi e` vjlìfjk e` lm }p` tìjhkv nm( clmiek, v` ìfpìusm `l `vupejk e` Okvê Sjfmsek Hksml`v, }pjì, ml ejvfpujs fki kusmv ejt`svmv `~wljfmfjki`v vkcs` Lm u`hw`vume, lmim pim jiu`sws`( umfjöi ip`tm, pim e` lmv hív hjipfjkvmv ìfkiusmemv nmvum `l hkhìuk, ekie` fkhìum }p` lm kcsm v` nmllm s`lmfjkimem fki lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e` lm tjem e` Ejkijvkv, m ejd`sìfjm e`, wks ò`hwlk, Vùujv, }pjì mepf` }p` lkv w`svkimo`v vki Meíi z @tm `~wplvmekv e`l wmsmèvk) Jiu`swsùmfjki`v ukemv }p`, vji `hcmsbk, v` s``sì m lkv mvw`fukv jfk( iklöbjfkv ` jfkikbsífkv e` lm wj`m) Mpi}p` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` Hksml`v ikv ll`tm, opvumhìu`, m lm wkvjcjljeme e` kcv`stms `l “vjlìfjk‘1 mpi}p` ik nmzm vjek lm jiuìfjöi e`l `vupejkvk1 imlhìu` ukfm `vu` kusk `l`hìuk e` kcv`stmfjöi) V`bÿi Hksml`v, Lm u`hw`vume s`ws`vìum lm mwmsjfjöi e` Ejkijvkv ì lm fjpeme e` U`cmv wmsm hmijd`vums m lkv nkhcs`v vp wke`s vmbsmek, uml fkhk v` s``s` ì Lmv cmfmiu`v e` @psèwje`v, ekie` lm wskwjm e`jeme e`vfsjc` `l lpbms z lm kfmvjöi usíbjfm, fkss`vwkiejìu`v ml fpmesk wjiumek? Ll`bmek vkz, zk, `l njok e` _`pv, m `vum uj`ssm u`cmim, Ejkizvkv, `l ìbìesmek miumýk ì lm njom e` Fmehk, Vêh`l`, nmfjêiekh` imf`s `l mseks e`l s`líhwmbk 0

Okni, Bklejib) Fmhjikv m lk mcvklpuk, Hmesje, Dkiek e` Fplupsm @fkiöhjfm, 3775, w, =66)

3>


Mekwuê dkshm nphmim, ì t` e` lm ejtjim) Opiuk m lm dpìu` e` Ejsf` z `l sèk Jvhìk) T`k lm uphcm e` hj hmes`, lm dplhjimem wks `l smzk, Mnè, opiuk ml wmlmfjk ì spjimv nph`miu`v, Wskepfjemv wks `l dp`bk tjtk e` _`pv,) 4 @i u`vujhkijk e` lm jiu`shjimcl` vmým e` N`sm fkiusm hj hmes`) @i e`ijujtm, `l oktì s`ws`vìumek ì Lm u`hw`vume, }pjì v` ìfpì( usm ì Lk mfujupe s``~jtm,e` mwkzmek vkcs` pim wêsujbm, `v, wmsm Hksml`v, Ejk( ijvkv) }p` jiu`s`vm `vum jiu`swsùmfjöi `v ws`fjvmhìu` `l fmsífu`s e` Ejkijvkv? `l v`s }p` v` t` m vè hjvhk1 z e` mnè `vum mfujupe hèjumujtm, h`lmiföljfm, m usmtêv e` lm fpml v` tjt` pi vjlìfjk e`ve` eìusk? `l vjlìfjk e`l s`òk, e` lm s``~jöi1 k, ì wmlmcsmv e`l Hksml`v? “Lm h`lmifklèm miu` lm hp`su` z lkv hjvu`sjkv v` `tjeìfjm ì `l s`fkbjhjìuk hìuml z fkswksml e` lkv w`svkimo`v s`ws`vìumekv) @vum je`m e`l s`fkbjhjìuk, jivpfjìu`( hìu` `vupejmem, vpwki` lm i`f`vjeme e` s`bs`vms ì vjlìfjk nmfjm pik hjvhk․‘ 2 (((((((((( @i `l vjlìfjk e` Lm u`hw`vume `l v`s v` s`fkb` ì vè, fki ukek m}p`llk }p` mssmvusm1 w`sk umhcjêi `~jvu` pim hjsmem kcoùjtm, e`ve` dp`sm, }p` ikv nmf` hjsmsikv m lm ejvumifjm z wskepf` pi vjlìfjk e`ve` lm ejtjvjöi ì( us` lm fmsi` z lk `vwjsjupml k hùmdèvjfk․ V` usmum e` pim `vw`fj` e` e`v( ekclmhjìuk, pi s`òk ì `l `vwòk .pim s``~jöi* }p` w`shju` `l ekcl` op`bk e` kcv`stmsv`, jiu`sik z `~u`sik1 z ìus` mhcmv wskz`ffjki`v, imf` `l vjlìfjk․ Lm vìvmfjöi ik dèvjfm, lm vìvmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk }p` lkbsm pim wmpvm, pim kw`smfjöi e` ckssmek wmsm s`fkhìms1 z mvè, `vu` op`bk e` fkiu`hwlmfjki`v, jiu`sim z `~u`sim, `vumcl`f` pim s`wùjfjöi, pi hmiusm, pi `vumek e` lùmsbk, e` ìmoìmfjöi k vpvwìvjöi }p` mèvlm ml v`s․ @vu` mjvlmhjìuk, ì Lm u`hw`vume, ik völk kfpss` ì lk nphmik, v` kc( v`stm ì fmem `l`hìuk e`l fpmesk1 uml `d`fuk e` `hc`l`vk wkesèm s`d`sjsv` ml pik wsjhksejml }p` v` ìfpìusm ì fmem fkvm, v`bÿi kcv`stm Oksb` Opm( i`v ì Lm Tjsbì e` lmv Skfmv e` L`kimsek)

4

Okvê Sjfmsek, Hksml`v) @vujlk, Wjiupsm z Wmlmcsm, Hmesje, Fmuèsm, =::5, w, ==7)

2

Jcje) w) ==6)

3:


.Wmsm Opmi`v* Lk }p` L`kimsek ujì` ì hìu` `v, ì vphm, `l ù`sik wskcl`hm e` lk Pik wsjhksejml }p` `vuí ì ukek z e`l }p` ukek ìu` z hksuml wmsujfjwmi) E` mnè `l ikhcs` }p` nm w`sepsmek m usmtêv e` lkv uj`hwkv? Pij(t`svk) Lm wlmvhm( fjöi wjfuösjfm e` lk Pik(ejt`svk, }p` fkhwsìe` lk ejd`sìu` eìusk e` pim pijeme tjvpml(mês`m }p` vpcljhm lk fkswös`k z vpvfjum lm jiijujmfjöi e` lk hpiemik․ > lk }p` tìjhkv s`vplum kcv`stms }p`Wmsm `vumvpcsmzms “pijeme mjvlmem‘ umhcjêickfùmiek, lm ìfkiusmhkv ì jiu`s`vmiu` lm kcsm e` Bjksbjki`) @i fmem `l`hìuk e`l fpmesk v` e`vfpcs` mlbk }p` wks lk wskiuk llmhmsê lm fkvjeme e` lm fkvm, ìuìejek `vuk fkhk lm `vìfjm e`l v`s }p` v` nmllm ì fmem pik e` lkv `l`hìukv s`ws`vìumekv1 lm imupsml`m jhwkiìu` ì `vm e`vklmfjöi, ì `v` e`vj`suk ekie` lm vklème fs`m pi `}pjljcsjk ìus` lk wêus`k z lk nÿhèk) @v e`fjs, `vum fkvjeme v` s``s` m pim `vw`fj` e` smejkbsmdèm e` lm fkvm, lm wmsu` jiu`sim, lm fpml, mpi}p` v`m pim ì vè hjvhm, jie`wìejìu` z mjvlmem, umhwkfk l` s`vum jhwksumifjm m lkv e`hív `l`hì( ukv e`l fpmesk, fmem }pjì, fmem fkvm ì vè hjvhm, ij hív ij hìkv, völk `vuí, völk `v ì vè, z ì `vm vjibplmsjeme “fkitjt`‘ .mpi}p` ik lk v`wm* fki lmv kusmv `vd`smv, fmem pim ì vp hpiek wmsujfplms, fmem pim, pi hpiek w`fpljms, pi pijt`svk) Mvè, `l vjlìfjk `v `v` “mlbk‘ ì fkhÿi, pijek wks lm hjsmem vìvjcl` e` }pjì kcv`stm, `l `vw`fumeks, }pjì, imlhìu` umh( cjêi v` ìfpìusm ì mjvlmhjìuk, ì vp wskwjm `vd`sm vjlìfjkvm․ (((((((((( @~wljfjums `l vjlìfjk fkhk `l`hìuk ws`vìu` ì lm kcsm, s`ws`vìum lm wkvjcjljeme e` fkiusjcpjs m lm s``~jöi u`ösjfm, èpfmujtm z, vkcs` ukek, np( hmim) @l vjlìfjk `vuí ws`vìu` ì lm tjem fkiu`hwksíi`m? dsìu` m pi hpiek ekie` jhw`sm `l spjek, `l ckhcmse`k e` jhíbì`v z vkijekv, `l v`s v` tp`lt` vkcs` vè .v` s`òm ì vè, s``~jkim, `v pik fkivjbk, fkhk Ejkijvkv*1 tm nmfjm vp jiu`sjks ì cpvfm e`l vjlìfjk, mpi}p` v`m fkhk mcvpsek, tmfèk k vklème1 k v` cpvfm `l vjlìfjk fkhk fkikfjhjìuk jiu`sjks, v`sìjeme, vìujek) Mvè, `l fmhwk e` s``~jöi vkcs` `l msu` ik e`c` f`ýjsv` m lm wlívujfm1 lm s``~jöi msuèvujfm mfupml e`c` mcmsfms lm vìvjcjljeme nphmim fkhk pim dpifjöi i`f`vmsjm, wks}p` ml jeìujfms `l vjlìfjk ì lm kcsm e` msu`, }pjí wke`hkv mf`wums e` hkek hív opcjlkvk, ml hìkv e` hkek hív vìvjcl`, `vu` pijt`svk }p` vkhkv, `vu` vjlìfjk ekie` imf`hkv z hksjhkv vklkv) >

Oksb`, Opmi`v) L`kimsek Em Tjifj, Hê~jfk, Jumfm, 377:, w, 35)

67


Lm wlívujfm, hpfnmv t`f`v, `v pi “s`òk‘ e`l msujvum, pi nphmik, }pjì uml t` ik “fklkfm‘ `l vjlìfjk e` hkek fkivfjìu`, w`sk mnè `vuí, vpsb` `l vjlìfjk fkhk mlbk }p` ikv mfkhwmým? ip`vusk s`òk, ip`vusm s``~jöi, `l vjlìfjk wsjhksejml, `vm `vd`sm k fmwpllk e` fsjvuml ekie` wke`hkv fki( u`hwlmsikv, fs`msikv wmsm s`fs`msikv z, ml i, k e` ip`tk, s`fkhìms, imf`s fki `v` wsjh`s bsjuk e` eklks, w`sk e` tjem, fki lm dp`sm e`l smzk }p` mipifjm `l vkijek jhwùpkvk e`l uspìk, `l }p` usm`sí lm llptjm z fki `llm lm ip`tm tjem1 k, wmsm f`ssms fki Ijùvfn`? “Lmv wmlmcsmv hív vjlìfjkvmv vki lmv }p` wsktkfmi lm u`hw`vume‘) : ((((((((((

Lm `vd`sm vjlìfjkvm S`vplum `vìfjml, ì `vu` miíljvjv, ik w`se`s e` tjvum lm jiu`swsùmfjöi wkêujfm vkcs` lmv jhíbì`v z `l msu`? “Lm wk`vèm, `vum ejhìvjöi e` lm hùí( dksm ekie` `v wkvjcl` lm s``~jöi vkcs` lm vìvjcjljeme nphmim hív èiujhm, `vm kim e` vjlìfjk ekie` `l hìvmo` v` nmllm ìus` lèi`mv, ì lm clmifpsm e`l vjlìfjk, ì lk ik ejfnk1 `vk }p` ik v` wpè` e`fjs e` hkek ejs`fuk, lk jie`fjcl`, lm hmu`sjm jiikhcsmcl`․‘ @i lm wj`m e` Bjksbjki` “kcv`stmhkv‘ pi hpiek ekie` v` tjt` lm “s`ws`vìumfjöi‘ e`l vjlìfjk, hmijd`vumek m usmtêv e` lm s`wùjfjöi e` pi “ik(kcv`stms‘ ml kusk) Z fki `llk, fki `vu` vjlìfjk, usmèek m lm mfupmljeme, `vfpfnmhkv `l uspìk e` pi llmhmek nmfjm lm s`d`sìfjm fki `l mjvlmhjìuk fkiu`hwksíi`k? `v` hkt`sikv fkhk hí}pjimv ì hèjk e`l “spjek khij( ws`vìu`) Wks `llk lm jhwksumifjm e` t`s ml msu` e`ve` vp wkêujfm, ìdkfmiek `vmv vìvmfjki`v eùsív e` lm jhmbì? `l vjlìfjk ekie` wke`hkv ìfki( usmsikv z ìfkiusms m lkv kuskv) Lkv `l`hìukv jfkikbsífkv, lmv fkvmv fkhk fkvmv, nmfì }p` ikv ejv( usmjbmhkv e`l msu`) @l msu` w`svjbp` lm mcvusmffjöi e`l msu` hjvhk, `vm `v lm wps`m e` lmv fkvmv) Fpmiek lkbsmhkv w`sfjcjs `vm vìvmfjöi, lm kcsm `hwj`m m nmclms, w`sk e`ve` vp vjlìfjk1 `v pim vìvmfjöi e` mvfùjvhk ìuìejek fkhk ejf` Vpvmi Vkiumb?

:

Kw, fju), w, =5)

6=


Q․X @l msu` dkshm wmsu` e` pim usmivmffjöi ejmlêfujfm fki lm fkifjìfjm, wlmiu`m pi fkijfuk hív wskdpiek, hív dspvusmi( u`) @l µ‘`vwèsjup‘ }p` cpvfm fkswks`jmsv` ì `l msu` fnkfm fki lm imupsml`m “hmu`sjml‘ e`l msu` hjvhk Q․X W`sk lm kwfjöi wks `l vjlìfjk w`shmiìu` ik miplm vp kcsm) Wks `l fkiusmsjk, kuksbm sùskmfujtmhìu` pi wke`s z pim mpuksjeme mejfjkim( l`v m m}p`llk e` lk }p` sì`bmski Q․X `l msu` vè `v hív }p` ipifm pim sèìfjöi, pi ò`sfjfjk e` mvfùjvhk Q․X @l vjlì( fjk `v `l vpws`hk b`vuk plusmu`ssìk e`l msujvum? hèjmiu` `l vjlìfjk, v` `hmifjwm e` lm vpo`fjöi v`stjl e`l hpiek) =7 Fpmiek `vumhkv tjìek, wks ò`hwlk, pim fmuèsml böujfm, ì `d`fuk, `vumhkv kcv`stmiek pim kcsm ms}pju`fuöijfm, w`sk umhcjêi pim wskz`f( fjöi vìujhìuml) @vuk `v lk }p` Hmsfnmi Dj eìkhjim mcvusmffjöi `~ws`vj( tm, `v e`fjs, lmv jhíbì`v fsjvuml? lm “dpvjöi‘ }p` v` fs`m ìus` lk ksbíijfk z lk jiksbíijfk, `v e`fjs, ìus` lm hmu`sjm fkhk fkvm .lk jiksbíijfk* z lk ksbí( ijfk fkhk s`ws`vìumfjöi e` lm imupsml`m k e` `vm imupsml`m ì wsjifjwjk jiksbíijfm .mcvusmfum*) Q․X hjìusmv }p` lm wskz`ffjöi vìujhìuml `v tjifplmem m lm c`ll`m e` lk ksbíijfk z lk `~ws`vjtk, lm mcvusmffjöi usmv( lpf` lm c`ll`m e` lk jiksbíijfk z lk i`bmeks e` lm tjem, e` lk “fsjvumljik‘, vjìek mvkfjmem e` pi hkek `~wlèfjuk m “lm l`z fsjvumljik(b`khêusjfm‘ k “l`z jiksbíijfk(fsjvumljim) .Hmsfníi, 377>?60)* @vumv jlpvusmfjki`v ikv vjstì wmsm jiuskepfjsikv ì kusmv ekv wj`mv ekie` `v wkvjcl` mws`fjms `l vjlìfjk e`l }p` tìjhkv nmclmiek) V` usmum e` lmv kcsmv e` Fmvwms Emtje Dsjè`sjfn? Lm mcmeèm ì `l skclèml z Hpo`s ì pim tìumim, e`l vjblk ^J^) @i `vum êwkfm e`l skhmiujfjvhk, `l msujvum fmwumcm `l wmjvmo` wskwjk z usmumcm e` jeìujfmsv` fki êl, `~mluíieklk) @i lmv kcsmv v` hkvusmcm pim uìeìfjm nmfjm lk msfmjfk, fki lk fpml v` me}pjsèm fj`sum h`lmifklèm) @l wmj( vmo` v` fkitjsujö ì pi je`ml, hív }p` ì pi hkujtk, wp`v hkvusmcm `d`fukv dmiuívujfkv, lkv fpml`v wsklkibmcmi lkv kcoùkv z `l fj`lk1 `l wmjvmo` v` uksiö ì hèjk wmsm `~ws`vms lm jiujhjeme e`l wjiuks) ((((((((((

=7

Vpvmi Vkiumb) @vuêujfm e`l Vjlìfjk) Hmesje, Vmiujllmim @ejfjki`v, 3773, ww) =6(47)

63


@i lm wsjh`sm wj`m fjumem, Lm mcmeèm ì `l skclèml, Dsjè`sjfn hp`vusm pi wmjvmo` `~usmýk, s`ws`vìumujtk e` lm usmejfjöi hèj`tml, ekie` nmllm( hkv ml fìusk pim wj`m e` ms}pju`fupsm böujfm ì spjimv, m lm fpml wke`hkv ejvujibpjs fkhk s`vukv e` pim fmuèsml) Lm fkivuspffjöi ws`vìumem ì `l fpmesk jhjum m lm imupsml`m? vpv wj`( esmv wms`fì smhmv v`fmv1 wjèsm z ísckl v` dpvjkimi, fkitjtì) Lm ms}pju`f( upsm me}pj`s` dkshmv ksbíijfmv z, m vp t`, êvumv wms`fì jhjums lm dkshm jiksbíijfm) spjimmlukv, wms`f` kseìmsv` pim o`sms}pjmfjöi? lkv ísckl`v hívMlsèèks f`sfmikv e` vkilmhív z ejvhjipzì fkidksh` v` “mlòmi‘) V` w`sfjc` ì `llk pim vp`su` e` hèvujfm vpvwìejem ì `l `vwmfjk, pi vjlì( fjk e`l hpiek) Lkv ísckl`v v`fkv ukhmi pi lpbms `vwjsjupml, wms`fì fpvukejms lm fkiv( uspffjöi1 `v fkhk vj kcv`stmsmi k `vfpfnmsmi mlbk }p` v` nmllm ì `l vjlì( fjk) Lkv `vwmfjkv fs`mi pim imupsml`m hùmdèvjfm, lm ms}pju`fupsm e`l dkiek v` tp`lt` pim fki lm imupsml`m, `l nkhcs` }pèm vkhùjek, ì vp hjijhj( mfjöi, m lm imupsml`m, lm fpml lk e`vwlmm, fkhk `l wmiukfsíuks hèj`tml) Lk nphmik ik ìusm ì s`lmfjöi fki lk ejtjik ij fki `l `vwmfjk ws`vìu`? e` wsjifjwjk v` mws`fjm lm mpvìfjm e` fkhpijfmfjöi, nmz vjlìfjk1 `l nkhcs` ik wpè` ìusms ì lm jihìvjeme e` lm imupsml`m) Ikv ìfkiusmhkv miu` lk vpcljh`, m}p`llk }p` ikv eòm vji nmclm) Lm imupsml`m usmvhju` vp `vì( fjm, vpv `l`hìukv “v` fkhpijfmi‘ vjlìfjk, fs`miek pim wmvjtjeme ì `l mhcjìu`, pim wskz`ffjöi vìujhìuml, pim `vw`fj` e` h`lmifklèm wks mlbk }p` v` nm jek, }p` nm hp`suk, }p` ik `vuí․ Q․X Vj cjì `l wmjvmo`, ì fpmiuk wskz`ffjöi e` lkv vìujhjì( ukv e`l msujvum z fkhk vèhcklk e` lm jiu`sjksjeme nphmim, `v `l msu` e`l dpupsk, hmiujì`, ik kcvumiu`, s`lmfjki`v lícjl`v z `vfpssjejmv fki `l wmvmek, fki lm njvuksjm․ `tkfmi lm njvuksjm lòmim, lkv wmjvmo`v fjsfpiemiu`v ì lkv }p` vki vjupmemv e`v( lphcsmi wks `l mjvlmhjìuk e` lm imupsml`m) == @vum jiu`sjksjeme nphmim v` hmij`vum ì lm Mcmeèm ì `l skclèml, v` mws`fjm ì `l vjlìfjk “ws`vìu`‘ k ws`vìujek ì `l fpmesk, ekie` kcv`s( tmhkv lkv `l`hìukv fkhk hùjekv ì vè, fmem pik ì vp “wskwjème‘1 vji `hcmsbk, ì `vum wj`m v` nmllm pim w`fpljmsjeme e`l vjlìfjk ekie`, w`v` ml `vumek e` jifkhpijfmfjöi }p`, ì wsjifjwjk, wms`fj`sm wsjtms, `~jvu` pi `l`hìuk }p` lkv s`lmfjkim? lm musmffjöi }p` ukekv wms`fì vpdsjs nmfjm `l fìusk) ==

Vjhki, Hmsfníi Dj) Lm @vuêujfm ì lm Fplupsm Hke`sim, Hmesje, Mljmim Dkshm, =::4)

66


T`hkv lkv ísckl`v jifljimekv nmfjm lm spjim, fkhk vj v` mwsk~jhmsmi m `llm, fkhk vj tjij`smi ì lm hjvhm wskf`vjöi e` w`svkimv, }pjì`v umhcjêi v` ìfpìusmi mtmimiek nmfjm `v` fìusk) Jbpmlhìu`, lm lp z lm vkhcsm eìusk e` lm kcsm wms`fì `vums “hktjêiekv`‘ nmfjm `vu` fìusk e` musmf( fjöi1 z lk hjvhk lm fsp pcjfmem ì wsjh`s wlmik m lm e`s`fnm, lm fpml s`vml ( um) Wks pi lmek, wke`hkv nmclms e` pi ejvfpsvk tjvpml s`lmfjkimek fki lm hp`su`, fki ì lk w`s`fè`sk, fkie` `l lmuj`hwk ukek lk e`tksm1 `~ws`vmem fki flmsjeme `l wsjh`s wlmik fsp z }p` lm fìusmljeme e` lm spjim, lm v`( }pème e`l wmjvmo`, `l lpuk e` lkv nkhcs`v }p` wms`fì hív cjì vkhcsmv k dmiumvhmv) Wms`fj`sm, e` n`fnk, }p` ukekv lkv “fp`swkv‘ v` nmi l`tmiumek e` lm uj`ssm, musmèekv nmfjm `l fìusk hèvujfk, hmsfnmiek ì vjlìfjk nmfjm ml( bpim e`tkfjöi, ìbsmie`fjêiekv`, `l`tíiekv` nmfjm lk mluk hjìusmv hív f`sfm v` nmllmi e` lm mcmeèm e`sspjem) W`sk ml hjvhk uj`hwk, usmv lm vjlìfjkvm h`lmifklèm e`l wmjvmo`, ll`bm lm vìvmfjöi e` pi ejílkbk wskdpiek, pim fki`~jöi ìus` lmv bpsmv? `v` js nmfjm `l mcjvhk, pim vp`su` e` mbpo`sk i`bsk }p` `vuí usmbíieklk ukek, w`sk }p` ì `vu` fmvk ik `v i`bsk vjik fsjvumljik? lm mshmöi e` lm tìumim böujfm `v lp z usmivwmsìfjm, z `v nmfjm `v` fsjvuml wmsm ekie` v` ìfmhjim ukek, nmfjm `vm lp v` ejsjb` lk hp`suk, `l tmfèk hjvhk tm nmfjm lm flmsjeme) Mvè, lm hùídksm e`l fsjvuml v` e`vwlj`bm, jiflpvk e` hmi`sm lju`sml, ì `vum wj`m, ekie` “@l msujvum usmiv`s` m lkv kcoùkv `~u`sjks`v vp hpiek jiu`sjks, jivumpsmiek pim hèjmfjöi vjhcöljfmì ìus` mhckv k, v`bÿi kuskv, =3 wskz`fumiek z wìùsmiek `hkfjkimlhìu` `llkv)‘ Wskz`ffjöi e` lkv vìujhjìukv nphmikv vkcs` lkv kcoùkv, zm dp`sm ì `l vìujek e` pim `~( ws`vjöi e` lm w`svkimljeme e` fmem msujvum ì kusm fkvm ejvujium, kcoùk k w`svkim, k ì fpmiuk vjhckljvhk `tkfmujtk z mvkfjmujtk) Lpbms ekie` lm hmu`sjm ik `v hmu`sjm, `v mcjvhk) (((((((((( @i lm v`bpiem kcsm fjumem e` Dsjè`sjfn, Hpo`s ì pim tìumim .=>33*, kcv`stmhkv pim hpo`s e` `vwmlemv, eìusk e` pim nmcjumfjöi, hjsmiek wks pim tìumim nmfjm lk }p` wms`f` v`s pi ckv}p` z pi fj`lk mpl) =3

Vjhki, Hmsfníi Dj) Lm Hùídksm e`l Fsjvuml ì lmv Msu`v z ì lm Ms}pju`fupsm, Hmesje, Vjsp`lm,

377>, w,)65)

65


Lm ws`vìfjm e` lm tìumim v` s`lmfjkim fki lm tjtìfjm e` lm jiijupe1 lm jiijupe md`fum m lm fkhwkvjfjöi wlívujfm) Dkiek z bpsm v` dpieì) Lkv `l`hìukv epskv v` hjhùjmi fki lkv clmiekv, lk nphmik fki lm fkvm1 ukek tjt` ì vp v`s, vji fkitjtjs fki lk kusk) Mpi}p` fkhwmsuì pi `vwmfjk, fmem fkvm v` sèpf` m vè hjvhm) Me`hív, ìfkiusmhkv pim fkhwkvjfjöi b`khêusjfm, ekie` lk nphm( ik }pèm ml fìusk w`sk ukek ujì` `l hjvhk tmlks) M}pè, lm b`khùsèm ik dpifjkim ì uêshjikv eìkhcs` lm fkhwkvjfjöi e`l fpmesk, vjik }p`, lk e`hív,vklmhìu` ujì` pi tmlks wskwjk, pi wskwjk) T`hkv `l wsèkhjijk e` pim t`sujfmljeme dkshml? lkv hpskv, lmv wp`sumv z `l hmsfk e` lm tìumim, `l hívujl z lkv ísckl`v }p` `vuíi dp`sm, jiflpvk lm hpo`s z lkv wlj`bp`v e` vp t`vujek v` jifkswksmi m lk t`sujfml․ Vji `hcmsbk, e` ip`tk nmllmhkv, eìusk e` `vu` vjlìfjk e` lm dkshm, pi wpiuk e` s`d`sìfjm }p` e`tp`lt` `l hktjhjìuk z lm tjem m lk }p` wms`f` `vums mpvìu` k jihötjl ì vè hjvhk) @v lm wskwjm bpsm e` lm hpo`s, jifljim( em m lm tìumim, }pjì, eìusk e` vp hjhùjvhk fki lmv dkshmv s`fumibplm( s`v, `~ws`vm dkshmv hív ksbíijfmv, pi `vumek hív vpujl z vpmt` }p` `l e`l s`vuk e` lkv `l`hìukv, fkhk vj ì `llm, e` ip`tk, v` fkifìusmsmi ukekv lkv vjlìfjkv k lmv mpvìfjmv) @llm, me`hív, `v }pjì ikv em lm lèi`m wmsm mws`( fjms `l jiijuk? ukek v` fkifìusm ì `llm z `llm v` wskz`fum z wskz`fum ml `vw`fumeks nmfjm mssjcm, nmfjm `l fj`lk) Lm bpsm e`l fsjvuml tp`lt` m v`s fìusml, fkhk ejojhkv1 m wmsujs e` `llm v` fs`m pim jihmu`sjmljeme eìusk e`ìlk`lhmu`sjml, lm vìvmfjöi e` lk jiijuk .pi `l`hìuk fmsmfu`sèvujfk w`sjkek emiek skhíiujfk*) Lm s``~jöi msuèvujfm k wkêujfm tjì` emem, ik völk wks lk ukfmiu` ml fkikfjhjìuk vìvj( cl`, vjik umhcjêi wks lm jiijujmfjöi z lm dpvjöi, lmv fpml`v fs`mi `l vjlìfjk e` lkv `l`hìukv s`ws`vìumujtkv e`l fpmesk) Ik e`c` eòmsv` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e`l fpmesk m pim vklm hjsmem vìvjcl`1 nmz ì êl pim dmlum e` fkhpijfmfjöi ìus` lkv `l`hìukv jfkikbsífkv e`l fpmesk, v` w`sfjc` `l vjlìfjk e`ve` `l hkhìuk ì }p` `v fkhk vj hjsí ( smhkv e`ve` kusm tìumim, e`ve` dp`sm e`l fpmesk, jitmejìek `l `vwmfjk èiujhk e` `llm․ Z, ìukif`v, lk }p` ik v` fkhpijfm ìus` vè, fkhpijfm `l ukek ml `vw`fumeks) Z mvè, fkhk ejf` Dj, `l `vw`fumeks, `l fsèujfk, v` tp`lt` msujvum e`ve` lm ljc`sume e` jiu`swsùmfjöi fs`mem wks `l hÿlujwl` op`bk e` hùídksmv e`l fpmesk, w`sk jie`wìejìu`v, `~flpjemv ì vp `vìfjm jiejtjepml1 e` mnè `l vjlìfjk `~wlèfjuk, e`ve` lm vìvmfjöi z lm jiupjfjöi, vkcs` lm kcsm?

60


@i `l íhcjuk e` lmv dskiu`smv hmsfmemv wks fmem kcsm, lm jiijupe ujì` }p` t`s fki lkv s`fkssjekv ml`muksjkv, wskwjkv e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi wlpsml, fmvj jiijum ì kfmvjki`v, e` lmv kcsmv msuèvujfmv1 fki `v` vìujek, m t`f`v jimbkumcl`, e` vp imupsml`m ì e`tìjs1 fki lk }p` lkv skhíiujfkv llmhm( cmi lm `~ws`vjöi jie`fjcl` k `l vèhcklk1 fki lk }p`, ì ip`vuskv eèmv, v` nm eìkhjimek wkljv`hjm k wlpsmljeme e` vìujek s`v`stmem m lk msuèvujfk z lk wkêujfk dsìu` m lkv `v}p`hmv e` lm löbjfm k ml lìbpmo` wsjhmsjk e` lm fkhpijfmfjöi nmclmem) =6 (((((((((( @i `vumv us`v kcsmv n`hkv tjvuk `l vjlìfjk fkhk mpvìfjm e` fìusk k, wks `l fkiusmsjk, fkhk musmffjöi nmfjm pi fìusk fsjvumljik1 lk n`hkv s`lmfjkimek fki lm dmlum e` fkhpijfmfjöi ìus` lk nphmik z lkv kcoùkv, mvè fkhk fki `l pik wsjhksejml k `v` `vums ì vè hjvhk, ì fkiu`hwlmfjöi hèvujfm wks wmsu` e` v`s`v z fkvmv1 `vuk `v, s`fkikfjhjìuk e` vè, ì `l vjlì( fjk, eìusk e`l mcjvhk k musmèek nmfjm `l mcjvhk e` vè, ekie` imlhìu` v` s`fpw`sm lm fkhpijfmfjöi, `l “vkijek‘ k lm tk }p` w`shju` `vfpfnmsv` m vè hjvhk, m lkv e`hív z ml pijt`svk, m lm e`jeme) Pim vp`su` e` s`fkhìms e`ve` lk wsjhmsjk, ekie` v` wpèì s`fpw`sms lmv `vìfjmv }p` `l spjek fkujejmik ik w`shju` ikhcsms) Lm wkêujfm fkhk wkvjcjljeme e` s`fpw`smfjöi e`l lìbpmo` vjlìfjkvk, e` lk }p` ik v` wpè` ikhcsms, w`sk }p` `~jvu` ì fmem pik, `v lm `vìfjm e`l msu`? lm s`vjbijfmfjöi e` lkv vèhcklkv, lkv tmlks`v, lmv wmvjki`v nphmimv) Wmsm f`ssms `vum s``~jöi e`ve` lm wk`vèm e` Cmpe`lmjs`? MCJVHK ․Mssjcm, mcmok, ì ukek, ì `l hms z `l e`vj`suk, ì `l vjlìfjk, ì `l c`llk `vwmfjk jhwkiìu`․, Ejkv, }p` hjìusmv zk ep`shk w`shmi`f` e`vwj`suk, Wmsm hjv w`vmejllmv ejcpom vmcjmhìu`) L` uìbk hjèk ml vp`ýk) @v` i`bsk mbpo`sk ]p` ll`tm m ik vê eöie` z pi tmbk nkssks `hmim1 Ik t`k hív }p` jiijuk e`ve` fpml}pj`s tìumim))) =5 @l nkhcs` v` `~u`sjksjm e`ve` `l tmfèk e` vp ws`vìfjm) =6

Vjhki, Hmsfníi Dj) Lm @vuêujfm ì lm Fplupsm Hke`sim, Hmesje, Mljmim Dkshm, =::4, w, =7=)

=5

Fnmsl`v, Cmpe`lmjs`) Lmv ks`v `l hml, Hmesje, Hjllìjph, =::4, w, 37:)

64


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Clkfa e` C`nms, Ljvm, Pim sùösjfm e`l vjlìfjk, Msbìujim, Vjblk T`jiujpik @ejuks`v, =::5) Cmpe`lmjs`, Fnmsl`v, Lmv ks`v e`l hml, Hmesje, Hjllìjph, =:::) Bklejib, Okni, Fmhjikv m lk mcvklpuk, Hmesje, Dkiek e` Fplupsm @fkiö( hjfm, 3776) Opmi`v, Oksb`, L`kimsek em Tjifj, Hê~jfk, Jumfm, 377:) Hmsfníi Dj, Vjhöi, Lm hùídksm e`l fsjvuml ì lmv msu`v z ì lm ms}pju`fup( sm) Hmesje, Vjsp`lm, 377>, Lm @vuêujfm ì lm fplupsm hke`sim) Hmesje, Mljmim Dkshm, =::4) Vkiumb, Vpvmi, @vujlkv smejfml`v, @vwmým, Vmiujllmim @ejfjki`v, =::4, =:>0) Hksml`v, Okvê Sjfmsek, @vujlk, Wjiupsm z Wmlmcsm, Hmesje, @ivmzkv Msu` Fmuèsm, 3775) Víì, Klbm, Bjksbjk e` Fnjsjfk z lm Wjiupsm Hùmdèvjfm, Hê~jfk, Pijt`svj( eme Imfjkiml Mpuöikhm e` Hê~jfk, =::7) Tjsmvksk, Höijfm, E` jskièmv z vjlìfjkv, Cmsf`lkim, Bèjvm @ejuksjml, =::2) Tjsjljk, Wmpl, @l wskfèjhjìuk vjlìfjk, Cpìkv Mjs`v, Wmjeöv, 377=)

62

]pê vjlìfjk) »@v mvè `l hpiek; Fpmiek lmv jhíbì`v fmllmi Hmsèm Hmsbmsjum E` Nmì` Skvj}p` Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

@~usmým }p` dpj fpmiek t`fjim e` lòmimv lpf`v mu`vksmcm wmlmcsmv hpz wpsmv wmsm fs`ms ip`tkv vjlìfjkv Wjmsija

Lmv jhíbì`v w`suì`fì ml kseì e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi tjvpml) »Fpíl v`sèm `l vìujek }p` ksjìumsm pim s``~jöi ì uksik m vp s`lmfjöi fki `l vjlìfjk; S`fp`sek pim dkukbsmdèm e` hj mpuksèm) Fkiu`hwlk lm tjvum }p` v` h` ws`vìum e` pi ísckl vkljumsjk fpzm vjlpùm v` epwljfm ì `l `vwòk e` pi lmbk }p` s`òm pi fj`lk ipclmek) Ml mf`sfms lm fíhmsm m hj skvusk z hjsms wks `l kcoùjtk, usmuk e` hmiuì`sh` jihötjl, fki lm jiuìfjöi e` ik jiu`stìjs wmsm lkbsms }p` lk }p` t`k v` eò` fmwupsms) Ukek ì uksik, `vvjlìfjk) @l dsmbhìuk e` v`bpiek }p` umsem lm kw`smfjöi e` lm ukhm `v ejvuji( uk e`l uj`hwk }p` vjìuk usmivfpssjs miu` lm ji`vw`smem ws`vìfjm) Ukhk fkifjìfjm, ìukif`v, e` }p` `l wskfèjhjìuk e` s`mljms lm dkukbsmdèm h` v`wmsm e`l ejvfpsvk wskvmjfk e` lm `~jvuìfjm z h` s`hju` m lm vklème }p` mfkhwmým m lm `~w`sjìfjm fs`mujtm, hjvhm }p` v` s`lmfjkim fki `l vjlìfjk }p` `tkfm lm s`mljeme fkiu`hwlmem) V` ws`vìum, ì `vu` fmvk, pi wsjh`s mf`sfmhjìuk e` lm dkukbsmdèm fki lm vjbijfmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk z ì `vu` vìujek, s`vplum jiu`s`vmiu` lm s``~jöi }p` Cmpesjllmse wskwki`, ì s`lmfjöi fki lm vklème e`l vpoùk z lm ws`vì( fjm vjlìu` e`l kcoùk dkukbsmmek) Lm vklème e`l vpoùk dkukbsífk, ì `l `vwmfjk z `l uj`hwk, `vuí fkss`lmfjkimem fki lm vklème e`l kcoùk z fki vp vjlìfjk fmsmfu`sjml) @l kcoùk e`c` v`s omek, hjsmek jiuìvmhìu` ` jihktjljmek wks lm hjsmem) Ik `v êl `l }p` e`c` wkvms, `v `l kw`sm( eks }pjì e`c` sùì`s vp wskwjm s`vwjsmfjöi wmsm nm(

6:


f`s `l tmfèk ì `l uj`hwk z ì `l fp`swk) W`sk e`c` sùì`s lm s`vwjsmfjöi umhcjêi hìumlhìu` z ik wìvms ì imem, m i e` }p` lm vpw`sfj` hìuml `vuê umi tjsbì fkhk lm w`lèfplm) Ik v` e`c` fkivj( e`sms zm pi v`s s`ws`vìumujtk, vjik pi kcoùk }p` usmcmom ì `l jiu`sjks e` vp wskwjk fjflk, vji uì`s wmsm imem ì fpìum lm wp`vum ì `vfìm, ì pim `vw`fj` e` fjsfpivfsjwfjöi e`ljsmiu` e` vè z e`l kcoùk)= @l hkhìuk ì }pè` s`t`lk lm dkukbsmdèm ì `l}p` lmcksmuksjk fkjifje` `l s`fjìu` dmll`fjhjìuk hj wmes` z lm jhmbì s`vplum h` ll`tm mfki wì( vms ì vp mpvìfjm) .Djbpsm =*

=) E` Nmì`, ]pê vjlìfjk, »`v mvè `l hpiek; =:::)

O`mi, Cmpesjllmse, »Wks }pê lm jlpvjöi ik v` kwki` m lm s`mljeme;, FJF .Fpme`sikv e` Jidkshmfjöi z Fkhpijfmfjöi*, 3775, :, =:6(373) w)=:>) =

57

Fpmiek lmv jhíbì`v fmllmi

Lm vjlpùm e`l ísckl epwljfmek ì `l `vwòk e` mbpm }p`, wlmvhmem ì `l wmw`l v` ws`vìum ì lmv ukimljeme`v e` lm `vfmlm e` bsjv`v, wms`f` umi ml` ( omem e` lm mwmsjìfjm e`l hpiek }p` h` fkiepf` m `vumcl`f`s pim mimlkbèm fki `l `vumek e` íijhk }p` h` nmcjum) 3 Lm dkukbsmdèm }p` fkiu`hwlk, ik s``s` zm ml hkhìuk ij m lm vjupmfjöi e` lm ukhm1 v` usmum hív cjì e` pim jhmbì }p` w`suì`f` m pi kseì e` vjbijfmfjöi ejvujiuk m vp s`d`sìu`) Ml fkiu`hwlms lm jhmbì jhws`vm, wjìvk ì lm hp`su`, `l tmfèk, lm vkl`( eme, lm mýksmim z fkiv`fpìu`hìu` ì `l vjlìfjk) S`fp`sek ìukif`v lkv t`svkv e` pi wk`hm e` F`sipem? ]pê vjlìfjk) »@v mvè `l hpiek;))) Fspm `l fj`lk e`vlmiek wmjvmo`v, sjvp`ýk nmfjm lk lòkv)6 Lm dkukbsmdèm, ì `vum w`svw`fujtm, v` fkifjc` fkhk pim kw`smfjöi fki( bpsmeksm e` pi jhmbjimsjk tjvpml wmsujfplms }p` fkhwsìe` pim v`sj` e` dmfuks`v, fkhk lm jiu`stìfjöi e`l dkuöbsmdk, vpv ws`tjvjki`v ` jiuìfjki`v1 me`hív e` lm wmsujfjwmfjöi e`l kcv`stmeks ì `l wskf`vk e` fs`mfjöi e` vìujek) @i lm dkukbsmdèm fkhìumem, v` em pi wskf`vk e` ejvumifjmhjìuk fki s`lmfjöi m lm s`ws`vìumfjöi fpmiek êvum v` usmiv`s` m lm vpw`sfj` e`l wm( w`l) Lm jhmbì v` ws`vìum ì vè, kfpss` z ml usmvfìe`s ì lm fkibpsmfjöi e`l jhmbjimsjk dkukbsífk, em mff`vk m fkss`vwkieìfjmv wkêujfmv) Fkivje`sk mvè, }p` m wmsujs e` lm s``~jöi }p` ì uksik ml vjlìfjk nm wlmiu`mek `l wìvmhjìuk wkêujfk, `v wkvjcl` wskwki`s pim fkss`vwkieì( fjm ì s`lmfjöi m jhíbì`v dkukbsífmv }p` `tk}pì `vum fpmljeme) Lm mimlkbèm `v lm dpifjöi hív mlum e` lm jhmbjimfjöi, zm }p` fkiopbm `l miíljvjv z lm vèiu`vjv, lm usmepffjöi z lm fs`mfjöi) @v fkikfjhjìuk z, ml hjvhk uj`hwk, usmivhpumfjöi e` lm s`mljeme) Wks pim wmsu`, `v pi msfk }p` pi` ejvujiukv w`sjkekv njvuösjfkv z fjtjljmfjki`v1 wks lm kusm, `v pi wpìu` ìus` lìbpmo`v ejvujiukv? wk`vèm, hÿvjfm, wjiupsm) Wks lk wsjh`sk, vj ik `v “lk ù`sik‘ `v m}p`llk }p` msujfplm ukekv lkv uj`hwkv z ukekv lkv `vwmfjkv ì pim jhmbì }p`, ml fmhcjms vji f`vms, v` wsk( lkibm z v` w`swùÿm) Wks lk v`bpiek, fkitj`su` lm fkhpijfmfjöi ì fs`mfjöi? lk }p` ejf` vji e`fjs lm wjiupsm, v` usmivdkshm ì lk }p` wjium, lm hÿvjfm z }p`, vji hìfjkimslk ipifm `~ws`vmhìu`, lm wmlmcsm wkêujfm ìpifjm) Kfumtjk, Wm) Ws`vìfjm z ws`vìu`? Cmpe`lmjs` fsèujfk e` msu` ì Lkv Wsjtjl`bjkv e` lm tjvum, DF@ w) 5:) 6Lpjv, F`sipem) @vfkiejek ì lkv hpskv .dsmbhìuk*, jiflpjek ì Miuklkbèm wkêujfm, jiuskepffjöi 3

z v`l`f(fjöi e` Vjlt`s, Wnjljw, Hmesje, Mljmim @ejuksjml)

5=


@i `l íhcjuk e`l lìbpmo`, fki lm jiuìfjöi e` vjbijfms `l vjlìfjk, Lpjv Tjllksk fkhìum ì }pê hèjem lk ejvfpsvjtk nmclm e` pi hpiek s`ws`vì( umek hjìusmv }p` hív mllí e` lmv wmlmcsmv, lkv kcoùkv z lkv n`fnkv w`shm( i`fì vjibplms`v ` jhws`tjvukv) Lm dpifjöi e` lm wk`vèm, ejf`, v`sèm `tmejs lm e`vfsjwfjöi wmsm mws`nìe`s lm `vìfjm e` lm `~jvuìfjm) @l wkùm e`vjbim lk `~usmksejimsjk z ejf` m lm t` }p` lm ws`( vìfjm jivöljum e` lmv fkvmv `v jie`fjcl` wmsm `l lìbpmo` ejv( fpsvjtk) Vj wsklkibísmhkv nmvum lm `l wmlmcsm) i lm i`bmfjöi e` lmvukuml vjb( ijfmfjki`v e`l ejvfpsvk, f`vmsèm Lm i`bmfjöi e` lm wmlmcsm `v `l vjlìfjk) E`ve` `vum w`svw`fujtm, lm wk`vèm wkesèm t`sv` fkhk pi nmclm ì uìvjöi w`shmiìu` ìus` lm wmlmcsm z vp i`bmfjöi, `l vjlìfjk)5 Wkesèmhkv fkivje`sms }p` lmv dkukbsmdèm }p` v` tjifplmi fki `l vjlì( fjk, ì `vu` vìujek, v`sèmi m}p`llmv }p` emi wsjksjeme ml kcoùk z eòmi e` lmek lm hjsmem e`vfsjwujtm1 lk wmsmeöojfk `v }p` lm kw`smfjöi dkukbsífm fkitj`su` lk tjvuk ì jhmbì z ì `vu` wskfèjhjìuk lm ums`m e`l vpoùk fkivjvu` ì mpvìumsv`) Lmv fkivje`smfjki`v e` Cmpesjllmse ì uksik m lm s`lmfjöi }p` lm dkukbsm( dèm wskwki` ì s`d`sìfjm m lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e`l kcoùk, lm jlpvjöi z lm s`mlj( eme, v` mf`sfmi m `vum fkif`wfjöi) Vj pim fkvm }pj`s` v`s dkukbsmmem, vjbijfm }p` ik }pj`s` fkivjbims vp vìujek, }p` ik }pj`s` s`òmsv`) Vklk }pj`s` v`s fmwumem ejs`fumhìu`, tjklmem ì `l vjujk, jlphjimem ì vp e`( umll`) Vj pim fkvm }pj`s` fkit`sujsv` ì jhmbì ik `v wmsm ep( sms, vjik hív cjì wmsm e`vmwms`f`s) Z `l vpoùk ik `v pi cpì hêejph vj ik ìusm ì `vu` op`bk, vj ik `~ksfjm vp wskwjm hjsmem z vp wskwjk opjfjk, vj ik bkm fki vp wskwjm mpvìfjm) 0 @i `vu` kseì e` je`mv, `v w`sujiìu` s``~jkims ì uksik m lmv jhíb`( i`v dkukbsífmv }p` v` mwmsumi e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi z e` lm hjsmem jiu`s( wsùmujtm, wmsm fkivje`sms m}p`llk }p` lmv ejvujibp` e` lmv dkukbsmdèmv }p` v` jiv`sumi ì `l íhcjuk e` lk ekfphìuml z imssmujtk e` lmv }p` v` ejf` }p` “nmclmi hív }p` hjl wmlmcsmv‘) 5Lpjv, Tjllksk, “lm vjbijfmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk‘, ì Wíbjimv lkvöfmv, ^mlmwm, Pijt`svjeme T`sm( fspmim, =:43) 0O`mi, Cmpesjllmse, kw) fju), w) =:0)

53


Lm dkukbsmdèm nm `vumek tjifplmem e`ve` vp ksjbì fki lm s`ws`vìumfjöi hjhêujfm e` lm s`mljeme z pi e`vwlj`bp` fkivje`smcl` v` ksjìuö ml ekfp( hìumljvhk1 kusm e` vpv e`sjtmv cpvfö pim `vuêujfm dkukbsífm m wmsujs e` pim hjsmem e` jiu`swsùmfjöi) @ius` vpv fpmljeme`v `d`fujtmhìu` `vuí pim `vus`fnm s`lmfjöi fki `l kcoùk s`ws`vìumek, mpi}p` lk }p` lm dkukbsmdèm fmwupsm `v lm wskz`ffjöi e` lm lp }p` md`fum `l kcoùk) 4 Vj `vumcl`f`hkv pim mimlkbèm fki lmv fkivje`smfjki`v }p` ì s`lmfjöi ml vjlìfjk nm wskwp`vuk lm wk`vèm, v` wkesèm smvus`ms m}p`llmv dkukbsmdèmvLm}p` ws`vfjieì e` lm hjsmem e` jiu`swsùmfjöi z e`l fmsífu`s e`vfsjwujtk) ji( uìfjöi v`sèm s`fkikf`s ì lm dkukbsmdèm pi `}pjtmlìu` e`l vjlìfjk wkêujfk, ì `l vìujek }p` lk fkivje`sm Kfumtjk Wm) Lm mfujtjeme wkêujfm imf` e` lm e`v`vw`smfjöi miu` lm jhwk( uìfjm e` lm wmlmcsm z fplhjim ì `l s`fkikfjhjìuk e` lm khijwkuìfjm e`l vjlìfjk․ @imhksmek e`l vjlìfjk, `l wk`( um ik wpè` nmf`s kusm fkvm hív }p` nmclms) @ius` `l bsjuk z `l fmllms, ìus` `l vjbijfmek }p` `v ukekv lkv vjbijfmekv z lm mpvìfjm e` vjbijfmfjöi, `l wk`hm v` l`tmium) »]pê ejf` `v` e`lbmek fnkssk e` wmlmcsmv; Ejf` }p` ik ejf` imem }p` ik nmzmi ejfnk `l vjlìfjk z lm bsju`sèm) Ws`fmsjm tjfuksjm, mhìmmem vj`hws` wks lmv wmlmcsmv }p` ik ejfì imem, wks `l vjlìfjk }p` ejf`? imem)‘2 Wmsm mf`sfmsikv m lk }p` `}pjtmlesèm m lmv jhíbì`v vjlìu`v, v` usmumsèm, mvè, ìfkiusms dkukbsmdèmv wskwkibmi pim e`vmwmsjfjöi e`l kcoùk z }pè` jhwlj}pì lm mpvìfjm e`l}p` vpoùk) Wmsmeöojfm `hws`vm }p` v` mlòm e` lmv wmsujfplmsjeme`v }p` bì`sml( hìu` e`iì m lm dkukbsmdèm, }p` vji `hcmsbk fkss`vwkie` m lm vjibplmsj( eme e`l hèjk, }p` fkivjvu` ì wskepffjöi e` jhmbjimsjk) @i `vu` vìujek, lm wskwp`vum e` Cmpesjllmse ì uksik m lm e`vìfmsimfjöi e`l kcoùk wks lm dkukbsmdèm, ìsj}p`f` ip`vusk `vupejk) Ukhms pim jhmbì e` pi kcoùk `v }pjumsl` pim wks pim ukemv vpv ej( hìvjki`v? `l w`vk, `l s`lj`t`, `l w`sdph`, lm wskdpiejeme, `l uj`hwk, lm fkiujipjeme, z kctjmhìu` `l vìujek) @v ml ws`fjk e` `vum e`vìfmsimfjöi @l kcoùk v` ws`vìum m vè hjvhk, hèjmiu` lm lp }p` s`òm) Lm jhmbì ik `v hív }p` `l smvusk e`l jhwmfuk e` `vm lp vkcs` lm vpw`sfj` dkukvìvjcl`? pi smvusk mlhmfìmek, pi smvusk h`hksjm) Dkiufpc`sum, @l C`vk e` Opemv, Dkukbsmdèm z t`seme, @e) Bpvumtk Bjlj) 2Kfumtjk, Wm, “S`fmwjuplmfjki`v‘, ì Fkssjìu` mlu`sim, V) ^^J, =:42)

4

56


fkhk lm jhmbì me}pj`s` `v` wke`s e` dmvfjimfjöi, fkhk v` fkitj`su` ì hêejph e` lm kcoùpmljeme wpsm, fkhk v` nmf` usmvwmsìu` m pim dkshm e` vèpffjöi hív vpujl)> @ifkiusmhkv ì `l dkukbsmhm pim wsjh`sm `~ws`vjöi e` s`ws`vìum( fjöi tjvpml e` pi vjlìfjk dkukbsífk, ì fpmiuk }p` jhwljfm lm sèpffjöi e`l s`w`suksjk e` s`fpsvkv fkibpsmeks`v e` lm dkukbsmdèm m vp hèijhm `~( ws`vjöi, }p` `v umhcjêi vp `vìfjm? lm jhwskium e` lm lp) :

3) Hmi Smz, @vwjsml, =:32)

6) Hknklz( Imbz, Lm s`lmfjöi ì `vwjsml ì `l `vwmfjk, =:35)

wskfèjhjìuk, ujì` vpve`vmsskllmek ksèbì`v ììlmv e` Dk~@vu` Umlcku ì `l vjblk ^J^, z dp` lmv`~w`sjhìumfjki`v wsjh`smv eêfmemv e`l vjblk t`jiu` wks Hmi Smz .bpsm 3* z Hknklz(Imbz .bpsm 6* fki ejvujiumv jiuìfjki`v) Hmi Smz, jiu`s`vmek wks `l `~w`sjhìumljvhk z `l mpukhmujv( hk z Hknklz(Imbz, ì pim cÿv}pèm wks lmv ip`tmv wkvjcjljeme`v e` tjvjöi }p` kds`fèm lm dkukbsmdèm)=7 O`mi, Cmpesjllmse, kw)fju), =:6(373) @v `l ml`híi Fnsjvujmi Vfnme }pjì nmfjm =:=4, s`jitìum `vum uêfijfm sjfm ì wkvjcjljeme`v eíi( ekl` vp ikhcs`? vnmekbsmdèm) @i =:33, Hmi Smz, m vp t` s`ìfpìusm `vu` op`bk e` hmijwplmfjöi e` lm lp ml }p` `tjeìu`hìu` em vp ikhcs`? smzkbsmdèm) Fki Usjvumi Umsm, s`mljmsí lkv Fnmhwv eêljfj`p~) Ml hjvhk uj`hwk Hknklz(Imbz, ì C`slèi, s`mljm `~usmksejimsjmv v`sj`v e` dkukbsmhmv vji wìvms ì emsl`v pi ikhcs`) Fnsjvujmi, Ckp}p`sù, E`v Miiê`v Dkll`v mp~ Miiê`v Ikjs`v) Lm Ikpt`ll` Tjvjki Wnkukbsmwnj}p` ì Dsmif`, =:37(=:57, Wmsjv, @e) Hmstml, =::2, w) 2:) =7Lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e` hkekv e` s`ws`vìumfjöi jifplfmekv, }p` s`vplum ì pim `~usmý`m z ì mwms( ìu` msuj(fjmljeme, `v lm fkishmfjöi e`l ljcs` dpifjkimhjìuk e` `vu` mpukhmujvhk z e`c` v`s >

:

cjìtìjek) Hmi Smz, “un` mb` kd ljbnu‘ ì L`v Fnmhwv eêljfj`p~, Wmsjv, VBJ@, =:33)

55


@vum wsífujfm, uêfijfmhìu` hèijhm, kds`f` `l hêsjuk e` v`s pi vjhwl` s`bjvusk e` hmsfm s`mljmek vji jiu`shèjmsjk e` pi mwmsmuk dkukbsífk, vji w`lèfplm z vji i`bmujtk z `v lk hív f`sfmik m lm `vìfjm hjvhm e`l wskfèj( hjìuk) Wmsmeöojfmhìu`, ipifm v` `vuptk hív f`sfm e`l “s`d`sìu`‘? lm hmsfm ml `vumek hív wpsk, bì`smiek pim mcvusmffjöi }p` wms`f` s`t`lms lm `vìfjm hjvhm e` lkv kcoùkv) Ikv ìfkiusmhkv fki jhíbì`v }p` s``( sì m kusk kseì e` lk t`seme`sk, nmcjupmlhìu` kfpluk z }p` v` s`lmfjkimi fki pi vjlìfjk tjvpml) Lk fj`suk `v }p` `vum dkshm e` dkukbsmdèm v` v`wmsm e` lm hjsmem e` jiu`s ( wsùmfjöi, e` lm e`vfsjwfjöi z e` lm wsùìvjöi `vuùjmiu` e` lm dkukbsmdèm) @i `vumv jhíbì`v, s`mljmemv vji lm jiu`stìfjöi e` lm fíhmsm ij e` lm mffjöi e`l vpoùk, lkv kcoùkv v` ws`vìumi ì pim ejhìvjöi ejvujium e` lk s`ml, pcj ( fíiekv` ì `l s`jik e` lm “jlpvjöi‘, ì `l vìujek }p` fki`s` Cmpesjllmse) Ukek kcoùk dkukbsmmek ik `v kusm fkvm }p` lm np`llm e`( omem wks lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e` ukek `l s`vuk) @v pi fsjhì fmvj w`sd`fuk, pim vklpfjöi fmvj ukuml e`l hpiek }p` ik eòm s`v( wlmie`f`s kusm fkvm }p` lm jlpvjöi e` uml k uml kusk kcoùk, e`l fpml lm jhmbì fs`m ìukif`v pi ìjbhm jimwsìvjcl`) M wmsujs e` `vum `~f`wfjöi smejfml, v` ujì` vkcs` `l hpiek pim tjvum ji`~wpbimcl`) @v lm dkuk lm }p` ikv mf`sfm hív m pi pijt`svk vji jhíbì`v, `v e`fjs m lm mwmsjìfjm wpsm) == @l kcoùk mjvlmek, v`wmsmek e` ukem s`d`sìfjm `vwmfjk u`hwksml, vji `l` ( hìukv e` jiu`swsùmfjöi mwms`f` jihötjl, omek wks lme`ve` hjsmem ì `v` `vum( ek e` “bsmek f`sk‘ v` ws`vìum fkhkvjlìu`)@l vpoùk, vp zvklème, om vp hjsmem jhwmsfjml, w`shjujìek }p` kfpssm `l hpiek fkhk vpf`vk vjibplms) Vjlìfjk e` lm jhmbì, }p` tìf` .¡k e`c`sèm tìf`s-* m ukek fkhìumsjk) W`sk vjlìfjk umhcjêi e`l kcoùk, }p` `llm mss`cmum =3 ml fkiu`~uk ìvkhcs`fèks z ìvkse`fèks e`l hpiek s`ml) Nmvum m}pè, v` nm `vumcl`fjek pim fkss`vwkieìfjm ìus` `l lìbpmo` wkêujfk }p` v` e`cmu` ìus` lm wmlmcsm z `l vjlìfjk, fki lm dkukbsmdèm vji fíhmsm }p` ì pi jiuìuk wks ws`vìums lm vklm jhmbì e`l kcoùk, ws`vfji ( e` e` lm hjsmem e`l vpoùk, mffèjìek m pim `~ws`vjöi e`l vjlìfjk wkêujfk) Tmfpjeme, vklème, kcoùjtjeme) O`mi, Cmpesjllmse, kw)fju), w)=:7) Jcèe)

== =3

50


@i kusk kseì e` je`mv, ìfkiusmhkv pim ip`tm hmijd`vumfjöi e`l vj( lìfjk ì lm dkukbsmdèm ì lmv wmiumllmv “ì clmifk‘ }p` ws`vìum Njskvnj Vpbjhkuk ì vp v`sj` e` “u`muskv‘) .Djbpsm 5* @l wskfèjhjìuk fkivjvujö ì dkukbsmms m wmsujs e` pim `~wkvjfjöi wsklkibmem, `l ukuml e` jhíbì`v }p` v` wskz`fumi epsmiu` lm ws`vìum( fjöi e` pim w`lèfplm ì pim vmlm e` fji`)

5) Njskvnj Vpbjhkuk, Un`mus`, =:2>)

Lk }p` v` t` ì lm dkukbsmdèm `v pim wmiumllm ì clmifk, jhmbì vjlìu` }p` s`vujupz` lm np`llm e` jhíbì`v lmuìu`v, }p`ì vj cjì ik v` =6`~wkiì m lm hjsmem e`l `vw`fumeks, eòmski vp hmsfm vjlìu` lm jhmbì) Lk wmsmeöojfk `v }p` `vum wskz`ffjöi vpw`swp`vum }p` e`cèm v`s `l fkh( wìejk e` ukek, m lm wkvus` ik ikv eòm t`s imem? pim vjhwl` wmiumllm clmi( fm jssmejmiek pim lp tmwkskvm) Lm fkieìvmfjöi e` ukekv lkv wlmikv ikv mckfm ml tmfèk, m pim h`hksjm ì clmifk ì lm }p` mwmsìu`hìu` ukek v` nm ckssmek, mpi}p` ws`vjiumhkv }p` ì mlbÿi vpvusmuk e` vp jifkivfjìu` w`stjtm mlhmfìmem vp njvuksjm wskdpiem)=5

=6¡ T`vujek fkhk upsjvum, ìusê ì pi fji` cmsmuk e`l @mvu Tjllmb` fki pim fíhmsm e` bsmi dkshmuk) Umi wskiuk fkhk `hw`ö lm w`lèfplm, mopvuê `l kcupsmeks ì pim mw`supsm e` bsmi mibplms, z ekv nksmv hív umse`, fpmiek lm w`lèfplm u`shjiö, f`ssê `l kcupsmeks) @vm ikfn`, s`t`lê lm w`lèfplm, z lm tjvjöi `~wlkuö dsìu` m hjv kokv‘) N) Vpbjhkuk) Un`mu`sv, `vvmz cz Es) Nmiv C`lujib, I`r Zksa, Vkiimcìe Vpie`ll @e +rrr)`z`vuksh)fkh rrr)vpbjhkukskvnj)fkh) =5Dkiufpc`sum, kw)fju), w) 30)

54


@ifpìusk pim mlpvjöi hív ml vjlìfjk ì lm dkukbsmdèm ì lm v`sj` “@vw`( ojvhkv‘ }p` s`fjìu`hìu` wskepo`) Lmv dkukbsmdèmv v` s`mljmski ì jiu`( sjks`v, cpvfmiek lm wskz`ffjöi vkcs` lkv hpskv clmifkv, e` s`òkv e` lp }p` v` lusmi m usmtêv e` lmv tìumimv) .Djbpsmv 0, 4* V` usmum e` jhíbì`v }p` vpsbì m wmsujs e` wskz`ffjki`v `dèh`smv }p` v` ws`vìumi wks cs`t`v v`bpiekv m lm hjsmem) Vp fkibpsmfjöi e`wìe` e` lm nksm e`l eèm, e` lm wkvjfjöi e`l vkl e` mfp`sek fki lm `vumfjöi e`l mýk, e` jiu`swkiì lmv fkiejfjki`v z e` lm hpskv) usmivwmsìfjm e` lkv kcoùkv }p` v` ìus`muhkvdêsjfmv, lm dpìu` e` lp z lkv

0) E` Nmì` @vwòjvhk =0, 37=7)

Lm s`mljmfjöi e` lmv dkukbsmdèmv kfpss` ì hkhìukv e` fkiu`hwlmfjöi ìvjhjvhmem }p` vpfèì ìvjlìfjk) Lmv jhíbì`v }p`s`vplumi w`suì`fì m pi kseì e` vjbijfmfjöi wkêujfm, ì `l vìujek ml }p` mlpe` Kfumtjk Wm) @l msu` e` lm fkiu`hwlmfjöi wskepf` kcoùkv w`sk ik lkv fkivje`sm fkvmv vjik vjbikv? wpiukv e` wmsujem nmfjm `l e`v( fpcsjhjìuk e` kusm s`mljeme, v`m êvum lm ws`vìfjm k lm tmfpjeme) @vfsjck nmfjm `l e`vfpcsjhjìuk wks}p` ì pim vk( fjème fkhk lm ip`vusm `l msu` ik ikv kds`f` vjbijfmekv ij s`ws`vìumfjki`v? `v pi msu` ì cpvfm e`l vjbijfmek) Pi msu` ì cpvfm e` lm ws`vìfjm k lm tmfpjeme ekie` v` ejvp`l( tì lkv vjbijfmekv) @vu` msu` e` lm fkiu`hwlmfjöi s`vfmumsèm lm ikfjöi e` kcsm völk }p` ì lpbms e` t`s ì `llm pi kco` (

52


uk, pim fkvm, l` e`tklt`sèm vp t`seme`sm dpifjöi? lm e` v`s pi wpìu` ìus` `l `vw`fumeks z `vm ws`vìfjm m lm }p` `l msu` mlpe` vj`hws` vji omhív ikhcsmslm e`l ukek) =0

4) E` Nmì`, @vwòjvhk =7, 377:)

Lm wskwp`vum h` ll`tm fkivje`sms lmv kcv`stmfjki`v }p` L`kimsek Em Tjifj dkshplmsm ì fpmiuk m lm fs`mfjöi e` jhíbì`v ì `l fkikfjek u`~uk “E`hkvusms föhk ukekv lkv kcoùkv fklkfmekv ì pim wkvjfjöi `vuíi ì ukekv lmekv z ukekv ì fmem wmsu`)‘ Ejbk }p` vj `l dsìu` e` pi èjfjk, k fpml}pj`s `vwmfjk mcj`s( uk, jlphjimek wks `l vkl ujì` pim tjtjìem dsìu` ml hjvhk, z }p` vj ì lm dmfnmem }p` ik ìdsìum ml vkl v` nmf` pim mc`s( upsm sèkiem z w`}p`ým, ukekv lkv kcoùkv jlphjimekv wsk( z`fumsíi vpv jhíbì`v wks `v` ksjfjk, z v`síi tjvjcl`v eìusk e` lm tjtjìem, vkcs` lm wmsè kwp`vum, }p` e`c`sí v`s clmi( fm, z mllè `vumsíi jit`sujekv1 z vj v` nmfì mc`supsmv vjhjlms`v ì tmsjkv lpbms`v e` lm hjvhm wmsè v` kcuìesíi jeêiujfkv s`vplumekv ì fmem fmvk) E` ekie` v` ji`s` }p` lmv jhíb`( i`v e` lkv kcoùkv jlphjimekv `vuíi ì ukem lm wmsè z ukekv ì fmem hjiÿvfplm wmsu` e` `llm) Lm smöi `v }p` `vu` ksjfjk e`c` mehjujs mlbk e` lp ì lm zm hìfjkimem tjtjìem, z lm lp mehjujem wks êl e`sjtm e` pik k e` hpfnkv fp`swkv lphj( ikvkv) Vj êvukv vki e` fklks`v z dkshmv, lkv smzkv }p` dkshmi lmv jhíbì`v vki e` tmsjkv fklks`v z dkshmv, fkhk umhcjêi lk v`síi lmv s`ws`vìumfjki`v ì lm wmsè) =4 =0

Kfumtjk, Wm, Ws`vìfjm z ws`vìu`, Cmpe`lmjs` fsèujfk e` msu`, DF@, Hê~jfk(

=4

L`kimsek, Em Tjifj, fjumek ì Wnkuk Tjvjki, Ik) =7, w) 23(

5>


Lm s`mljmfjöi e` `vumv dkukbsmdèmv s`hju` ml vjlìfjk ml }p` mlpeì lkv dkukbsmhmv1 vklmhìu` }p` ì `vu` fmvk, lmv jhíbì`v vki fs`memv `vwki( uíi`mhìu` wks lp imupsml wskz`fumem vkcs` pim vpw`sfj` clmifm) Ik dkukbsmdèk imem hív mllí e` lm lp z lm vkhcsm }p` wskz`fum lkv kco`( ukv ì mpvìfjm z wms`f` }p` h` s`lmfjkik fki pi vjlìfjk }p` `}pjtml` m lm fmu`bksèm e` lmv jhíbì`v }p` fmllmi) Lm kw`smfjöi dkukbsífm `v pim `vw`fj` e` `vfsjupsm s`òm, e` `vfsjupsm mpukhíujfm e` lm `tjeìfjm e`l hpiek, z völk nmz pim) Eòms opbms lm fkhwljfjeme vjlìfjkvm ìus` `l kcoùk z lkv kcoùjtkv, ìus` lmv mwmsjìfjmv z lm uêfijfm, ìus` lm fpmljeme dèvjfm e` lm lp z lm fkhwlòjeme hùmdèvjfm e`l jivusphìuk uêfijfk, vji nmf`s jiu`stìjs ij lm tjvjöi ij `l vìujek) Wp`v `v `l kcoùk }pjì ikv t`, `v `l kcoùk }pjì ikv vp`ým) @v `l hpiek }pjì ikv s`òm, `v `l hpiek }pjì ikv wjìvm) =2 Djimlhìu`, ìfpìusk ì `l usmcmok e` mwskwjmfjöi }p` Njskvnj Vpbj( hkuk njk e` lkv dkukbsmhmv e` Umlcku, pim s`d`sìfjm hív ml vjlìfjk ì lm dkukbsmdèm) V` usmum e` pi wskf`vk e` s`fpw`smfjöi }p` w`shjujö }p` pim v`sj` e` jhíbì`v }p` nmcèmi w`shmi`fjek jitjvjcl`v z vjlìu`v, v` wpej`( smi t`s) @i `vu` fmvk, Vpbjhkuk s`vfmuö lm kcsm }p` ij vj}pj`sm tjk lm lp ì hmikv e` Umlcku z lkbsö hkvusms lmv dkukbsmdèmv }p` w`shmi`fèmi, nmvum `v` hkhìuk, jitjvjcl`v) .Djbpsm 2*

2) Njskvnj Vpbjhkuk Cpfal`s d`si, hmsfn 4, =>6: ks `mslj`s, 377>) =2

O`mi, Cmpesjllmse, kw) fju), w) =::)

5:


E`fjeè fkl`ffjkims lkv hív miujbpkv i`bmujtkv e` Dk~ Umlcku, wskfèì( u`v e` pi hkhìuk ì lm njvuksjm e` lm dkukbsmdèm miu`sjks m }p` lmv jhíb`( i`v wkvjujtmv `~jvuj`smi, wmsm jhwsjhjs lmv dkukbsmdèmv }p` ij vj}pj`sm êl tjk) Ukhê `l sj`vbk e` tklt`s m lkv hjvhkv ksèbì`v e` lm dkukbsmdèm wmsm wke`s t`s `vmv jhíbì`v)=> @l fjflk v` fj`ssm miu` lm ws`vìfjm e` pi vjlìfjk }p` lkbsm `tkfms `l vjlìfjk) Ekz lm wmlmcsm ml wkùm)=:

Vjlìfjk Mvè fkhk e`l dkiek e` lm hÿvjfm cskum pim ikum }p` hjìusmv tjcsm fs`f` z v` me`lbmm nmvum }p` ì kusm hÿvjfm ìhpe`f`, cskum e`l dkiek e`l vjlìfjk kusk vjlìfjk, mbpem ukss`, `vwmem, z vpc` z fs`f` z ikv vpvwìe` z hjìusmv vpc` fmì s`fp`sekv, `vw`smimv, lmv w`}p`ýmv hìujsmv z lmv bsmie`v, z }p`s`hkv bsjums z ì lm bmsbmium v` e`vtmi`f` `l bsjuk? e`v`hckfmhkv ml vjlìfjk ì ekie` lkv vjlìfjkv ìhpe`fì

=> =:

07

Njskvnj, Vpbjhkuk, Wnkukbìjf esmrjibv ì rrr)vpbjhkukskvnj)fkh) Kfumtjk, Wm Vjlìfjk ì Kcsmv Fkhwlùmv, Hê~jfk DF@, =::2)


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Cmpesjllmse, O`mi, »Wks }pê lm jlpvjöi ik v` kwki` m lm s`mljeme; FJF .Fpm( e`sikv e` Jidkshmfjöi z Fkhpijfmfjöi*, :) 3775 Ckp}p`sù, Fnsjvujmi, E`v Miiê`v Dkll`v mp~ Miiê`v Ikjs`v Lm Ikpt`ll` Tjvjki Wnkukbsmwnj}p` ì Dsmif` =:37(=:57, @e) Hmstml, Wmsjv) =::2 F`sipem, Lpjv, @vfkiejek ì lkv hpskv Jiflpjek ì Miuklkbèm wkêujfm) Ji( uskepffjöi z v`l`ffjöi e` Wnjljw Vjlt`s) Mljmim @ejuksjml) Hmesje) =::> Dkiufpc`sum, @l C`vk e` Opemv, Dkukbsmdèm z t`seme) @e) Bpvumtk Bjlj) 3772 Dsjku, Hjfn`l, @l jhmbjimsjk dkukbsífk, FKI@FPLUM, PIMH, Dpiemfjöi U`l`tjvm) 377: Hmi Smz, un` mb` kd ljbnu ì L`v Fnmhwv eêljfj`p~, Wmsjv, VBJ@) =:33 Wm, Kfumtjk, “S`fmwjuplmfjki`v‘ ì Fkssjìu` Mlu`sim, V^^J) =:42 (((( Ws`vìfjm z ws`vìu`? Cmpe`lmjs` fsèujfk e` msu` ì? @l vjbik z `l bmsmcm( uk, Hê~jfk, Okm}pèi Hksuj) =:26 (((( “Vjlìfjk‘ ì Wk`vèm s`pijem) Kcsmv Fkhwlùmv, DF@) =::5 Vpbjhkuk, Njskvnj, Vpbjhkuk? Ji Wsmjv` kd Vnmekrv) Azkuk? FFM Ajumazpv( np mie Aksjivnm Ws`vv) =::> (((( Un`mu`sv, `vvmz cz Es) Nmiv C`lujib, I`r Zksa? Vkiimcìe Vpie`ll @ejujkiv+rrr)`z`vuksh)fkh, rrr)vpbjhkukskvnj)fkh) 3777 Tjllksk, Lpjv, “Lm vjbijfmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk,‘ ì Wíbjimv lkvöfmv, Pij( t`svj(eme T`smfspmim, ^mlmwm) =:43

0=

Lm `~usmfkujejmijeme `vfêijfm ì `l vjlìfjk Wmh`lm V) Ojhêi` Esmbpjf`tjf Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

Lm tjem `vuí llìm e` fkiujipkv fmhcjkv, hktjhjìukv, vkijekv, w`sk `l v`s nphmik, mpi `vumiek jih`svkv ì `v` fjflk }p` wms`fj`sm jiu`shjim( cl`, i`f`vjum e` wmpvmv z vjlìfjkv jiflpvk m ijt`l i`pskt`bùmujtk, `vuk `v, fpmiek `l ksbmijvhk vjbp` dpifjkimiek e`ve` lm `vìfjm hjvhm mpi}p` ik v`m fkivfjìu` `llk, wp`v wks eìuskejf`? lmv fêlplmv nmfì vpzmlmcks ujuíijfm, nmz pi e` hkhìuk ì mpi}p` }p` lm s`vwjsmfjöi fmlhm, vjlìfjk1 }p` s`vwjsmhkv ì us`v wmvkv? jinmlmiek, `~nmlmiek z nmfjìek wmpvm .ekie` ik `~jvu` vkijek e` mjs`*) Lk miu`sjks wsktjì` e` pim i`f`vjeme vjklöbjfm, e` pi hkhìuk e` vukw }p` wje` `l fp`swk1 w`sk, »}pê wmvm fki lm fkhp( ijfmfjöi e`l v`s nphmik z fki lm jiuìfjöi }p` v` l` wpè` wki`s m `vm fkhpijfmfjöi, lm fpml ik `v vjklöbjfm vjik }p` tjì` e` pim fkifjìfjm z pim e`fjvjöi jhwlèfjum; Wmsm mnkiems ì `vu` mvw`fuk, fkivje`sk i`f`vmsjk ìdkfmsv`, wsjh`sk, ì lmv wmlmcsmv hjvhmv }p` ikshmlhìu` ujìì pi vjbijfmek löbjfk z ksbíijfk, wmsm `llk `~jvuì lkv vjbikv e` wpiupmfjöi .lkv fpml`v lkbsmi fmhcjms ì dkshm smejfml `l vjbijfmek e` lk `~ws`vm( ek*, lmv wmpvmv s`vwjsmuksjmv .}p` v` s`mljmi ikshmlhìu` ìus` fkhmv, wpiukv, wpiukv z fkhmv* z lmv wvjfklöbjfmv, ekie` `l vjlìfjk me}pj`s` vp wskwjk vjbijfmek) Ukek lk miu`sjks jipz` ejs`fumhìu` ì lk `~u`simek wks `l nmclm) @v i`f`vmsjk s`fksems }p` `l nmclm `v lm cmv` e` lm fkhpijfm( fjöi ljibüèvujfm ì lm fpml v` `vuí s`mljmiek pim mffjöi vkfjml, ì `l vìujek e` }p` v` fphwl` pi wskf`vk e` fkhpijfmfjöi ìus` ekv k hív w`svkimv z e` }p` umiuk ì `l `hjvks fkhk ì `l s`f`wuks `~jvu` lm jiuìfjöi e` }p` v` eê lm jiu`smffjöi) @vum mffjöi vkfjml, `vu` vjbijfmek löbjfk z ksbíijfk v` e`vmsskllm e` hmi`sm vjbijfmujtm ì `l u`musk wp`v lm wmlmcsm `v `l föejbk pvmek ì bsmi wksfìumo` eìusk e` pim wp`vum u`musml ekie` `l b`vuk, `l ukik, `l vjlìfjk z lm mfìupmfjöi wpèì vpcsmzms k tmsjms `l vjbijfmek e` lm wmlmcsm1 êvum v` nmf` vjbijfmujtm fpmiek `l mfuks l` em tjem, fpmiek wpè` usmivdkshms pi u`~uk `vfsjuk) Mnksm cjì, lmv `hkfjki`v `~ws`vmemv ì lkv `vw`fuífplkv v` dpieì umhcjêi ì pi e`tìjs e` lm jhmbì, lkv hktjhjìukv wlívujfkv, lkv b`vukv z vjlìfjkv) @i `l u`musk, umhcjêi `l nmclm wpè` ll`bms m hkej( fms lm fkiepfum, lkv wìvmhjìukv k vìujhjìukv e`l wÿcljfk, `vuk jhwljfm pi bsmi fkhwskhjvk `vfêijfk, wp`v vj mlbpjì ik wpè` usmivhjujs lk }p` }pj`s` e`fjs `v wks}p` ik nm e`vmsskllmek lk vpfjìu` vp lìbpmo`, vjìek s`vwkivmcjljeme e`l `hjvks lm fmljeme z lm flmsjeme e` lm `~ws`vjöi t`scml) @i `l }p`nmf`s u`musml v` skhwì lkv wmsmejbhmv fkujejmikv1 v` em pi wskf`vk

06


`~usmfkujejmik mpi ì lkv hkhìukv hív vpujl`v wp`v lm ì`sbèm z ws`vì( fjm hmiòmemv ì `vfìm vki ejd`sìu`v e` lmv e` lm s`mljeme, ij }pê e`fjs e` lmv fjsfpivumifjmv wlmiu`memv ì lm usmhm) Lm `~usmfkujejmijeme, wks lk umiuk, v` tp`lt` pim dkshm e` `~ws`vjöi, `l föhk mcksems `l `vfìmsjk) Wkesèm e`fjsv` }p` lmv uìeìfjmv ì `l msu` `vfêijfk vki fmvj jiiph`sm( cl`v, mpi}p` `~jvu` hpfnmv t`f`v e`vfkikfjhjìuk e` föhk ll`tmslmv m fmck, wks lk miu`sjks, lm `~usmfkujejmijeme wpè` ll`bms m v`s wkfk flmsm ì bì`sml, khjujìek lm hmzksèm e` lmv t`f`v wskf`vkv tkfml`v, wksfìumo`v sèuhjfkv z ì`sbêujfkv, wmpvmv z vjlìfjkv) Wks `llk, fkivje`sk jiejvwìvmcl` hìfjkims mlbpikv ò`hwlkv }p` mflmsì `l wskf`vk e` lm `~usmfkujejmij( eme `vfêijfm ì `l vjlìfjk nmfjìek pi cs`t` s`fkssjek wks mlbpikv u`ö( sjfkv esmhíujfkv1 `vujhk mf`sumek fkhìms wks Fkivumiuji Vumijvlmtvaj, }pjì, eìusk e`l u`musk kffjeìuml, nm vjek `l dpiemeks e` pim jhwksumiu` u`ksèm u`musml1 dp` pi wmsu`mbpmv wmsm `l pvk e` pim uêfijfm }p` fkhìö m iml`v e`l vjblk ^J^ z }p` fkiujiÿm nmvum ip`vuskv eèmv e`cjek m }p` ipifm v` `vumifö ì pim je`m, vjik }p` wmvö wks ejd`sìu`v wskf`vkv) @ius` vpv hÿlujwl`v `vfsjukv `~ws`vm umhcjêi lm jhwksumifjm e`l vjlìfjk fkhk wmsu` e` pi wskf`vk ksbíijfk ì lm fs`mfjöi e` pi w`svkimo`) Ml s`vw`fuk, e`vum( fk pim fjum e` K) Mvlmi? Lkv wsjifjwml`v wpiukv e`l usmcmok e` Vumijvlmtvaj wpèì s`vphjsv` mvè? Lpfnm fkiusm `l fljfnê, lm hmlm “u`musmljeme‘ z cÿv}pèm e` lm vjif`sjeme) @vumcl`fjhjìuk e` lmv tklpiume`v e`l w`svkimo` wmsm hkujtms lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e`l mfuks) Fljhm dmtksmcl` m lm `hkfjöi `vfêijfm, hèjkv wmsm e`vìfm( eìms pim `hkfjöi mpuêiujfm ì `l mfuks) @vumcl`fjhjìuk e` pi vpcu`~uk wmsm `~ws`vms ì lmv wj`mv e` Fnànkt ukek lk }p` v` ìfpìusm ìus` lèi`mv, ì lkv vj ( lìfjkv, z ìsj}p`f`s mvè `l u`~uk) = @i pi cpì “`vupejk‘, `v jiejvwìvmcl` js s`dksmiek ml w`svkimo` fmem t` fki ip`tkv eùmll`v, lkv }p`, fkhk zm v` nm fkhìumek, ik tmi m v`s `~mfumhìu` jbpml`v m lkv e` lm fkujejmijeme) @vum dkshm e` ìvmzms e`l mf( uks nmf` }p` wmsujfjw` e`ijujtmhìu` e`l hktjhjìuk `vfêijfk) Lm hùk( eklkbèm lkbsm umhcjêi }p` `l wskf`vk e` fmsmfu`sjmfjöi dèvjfm pzm ksbíij( fmhìu` e`ve` `l jiu`sjks z }p` `l mfuks ìfpìus` `l vkijek ksbíijfk e` lm wmlmcsm, `v e`fjs, }p` v`wm fpíiek ems lmv wmpvmv löbjfmv z lmv wvjfklöbjfmv eìusk e` pi u`~uk wmsm fs`ms pi w`svkimo` fkhwlùk ì `vfìm) =

05

Keùu` Mvlmi, @l mfuks ì `l vjblk ^^, Cmsf`lkim, @ejuksjml Bpvumtk Bjlj, =:2:)


@v ji`tjumcl` e`vumfms umhcjêi ml u`ösjfk esmhíujfk z ejs`fuks Tv`tklke @hjlj`tjf H`z`snkle, }pjì dp` ejvfèwplk e` Vumijvlmtvaj z vjbpjö e`vwpêv vp wskwjk fmhjik dkshmiek vp wskwjm uêfijfm) Usmcmoö msepmhìu` ì ik ll`tms m lm `vfìm lm fkujejmijeme e` lm s`mljeme `~wkijìek lm jhwksumifjm e` “tjtjs vkcs` lm ws`fjvjöi e` pi ejv`ýk‘, ekie` lk mfuks`v wpèì fs`ms wmsujupsmv, mffjki`v dèvjfmv z tkfml`v ws`fjvmv, fki vjlìfjkv z wmpvmv vkvu`( ijemv) E`ve` vp wpiuk tjvum, `lusmcmoms? mfuks e`c` mhwljms z w`sd`ffjkims vpv eku`v imupsml`v1 wmsm `vk e` i`f`vjum m* vp fmwmfjeme e` `~fjumcjljeme s`( òm .e`vmsskllk e`l fp`swk ì `l `vwmfjk, hmiòk e`l `}pjljcsjk, e`l b`vuk, e` hmfskhktjhjìukv, hjfskhktjhjìukv, wmpvmv `vfêijfmv z me}pjvjfjöi e` pi jivujiuk hpvjfml*, z c* pi w`sd`ffjkimhjìuk dèvjfk .lk }p` llmhö cjk ( h`fíijfm? dkshm e` mej`vusmhjìuk fs`mem wks êl ì lm }p` m wmsujs e` pim ekfìm e` hktjhjìukv, mwsk~jhmemhìu`, `l fp`swk ìu`sk wmsujfjwm, lkbsmiek mvè }p` `l mfuks v`m hív fkivfjìu` e` vpv s`fpsvkv fkswksml`v*) Ukek `vuk ll`tm m pi hêukek `~usm(fkujejmik vkvuìjek, m vp t`, ì lm hÿ( vjfm, zm }p` êvum ujì` `l wmw`l e` pim fkssjìu` }p` mfkhwmým lmv `tklp( fjki`v e`l mfuks wks `l `vfìmsjk z umhcjêi vpv hkhìukv e` jihktjljeme .lm wmpvm*, lk fpml `v `vìfjml wmsm hmsfms lm wskbs`vjöi) Fki `vum uêfijfm `l mfuks skhw` `l `vumujvhk fkitìfjkiml fkswksml, ` jiflpvk fki lm dmlum e` e`vmnkbkv .u`lki`v }p` tjvuì `l `vfìmsjk z vki dpiemhìuml`v wmsm }p` `l mfuks ìus` z vmlbm e` êl* }p` wskwki` H`z`snkle wmsm vpv wp`vumv ì `vfìm, `l jiuêswsù` e`c` mwsìe`s m w`shmi`f`s ì `l `vfìmsjk z vmc`s mvjhjlms fêijfm) `l vìujek e` lm wmpvm, wmsm ll`bms m dkshms wmsu` e` lm mffjöi `v( Fkivje`sk jhwksumiu` sùkhms `l u`hm e` lm hÿvjfm, }p` tm m v`s pim cmv` e` lmv fs`mfjki`v `vfêijfmv e` H`z`snkle wp`v v`stjsí wmsm `l hmi`( ok me`fpmek e`l sjuhk, e` lm wmpvm z e` lkv vjlìfjkv, }p` vki wmsu` e` lm fs`mfjöi e` lkv w`svkimo`v) Wmsm `llk, ukhö us`v `l`hìukv cívjfkv e` lm hÿvjfm? =) Lm h`lkeèm .wmsu` }p` `~ws`vm lm je`m hpvjfml, }p` lm e`i`? wmsm `l mfuks, `vum vpf`vjöi e` vkijekv v` fkitj`su` umhcjêi ì vpf`vjöi e` hktj( hjìukv1 e`c` mshkijms fki lkv sjuhkv e` lkv e`hív `l`hìukv u`musml`v wmsm fs`ms `l sjuhk ukuml*, `~wljfm H`z`snkle ì U`~ukv u`ösjfkv, v`bÿi fjum Vj~ukv? Lkv mfuks`v v` fkitj`suì e` `vu` hkek ì jiuêswsù`v e` lm wmsujupsm, vjstjêiekv` e` lm wmlmcsm, e`l b`vuk z e`l op`bk wmsm vp ò`fpfjöi) M `vu` `v}p`hm mshöijfk jiepfjek wks `l s`mlj(

00


meks, êvu` mýme` lmv e`hív v`sj`v e` vjbikv `vfêijfkv `vwm( fjk(tjvpml`v z vkikskv ì pi `v}p`hm sèuhjfk eù`shjimek)3 @l n`fnk e` usmums e` nmf`s pi usmcmok mshöijfk ìus` lkv fkhwkiìu`v wpvk m lkv mfuks`v ì ìusèjfnk, wp`v vp ws`wmsmfjöi ik `sm lm me`fpm( em) Lm jit`vujbmfjöi ll`tö m H`z`snkle m fs`ms pim uêfijfm w`svkiml wmsm `l ìusìmhjìuk mwskwjmek e` lkv mfuks`v }p` lkbsmv` `vu` kcoùjtk1 vp uì( eìfjm dp` lm e` pi bsmi ekhjijk fkswksml, lm ujwjfmfjöi e` lkv w`svkimo`v s`vmlumiek hív fmsmfu`sèvujfkv, pvk e` lk bsku`vfk z `l hmiòk e`l uj`hwk vpv e` smvbkv lkv jiuêswsù`v) Mvjhjvhk, `l pujljö wmsm vpv ìusìmhjìukv lkv ò`sfjfjkv wskwp`vukv wks Emlfsk` cmvmekv ì `l sjuhk .s`ws`vìums ì dkshm fkswksml z ksbíijfm lkv ukikv z uj`hwkv hpvjfml`v1 mvè lm hÿvjfm, ik umi völk `v mpejujtm, vjik umhcjêi fkswksml*) 3) Lm mshkièm .lm wmsu` e` lm hÿvjfm }p` `vupejm lkv mfkse`v? êvukv v` tp`ltì lm `vfìkbsmdèm, `l vkijek, lm jlphjimfjöi*) H`z`snkle ll`bö m hm( iòms `l mfuk u`musml fkhk pim vjidkièm, fki sjuhkv e`ijekv, h`flmiek lkv hktjhjìukv z lmv wmpvmv, s`mljmiek fkksejimfjki`v vkiksmv ws`fjvmv ìus` lkv ejvujiukv `l`hìukv `vfêijfkv, z pujljmi, jiflpvk, uêshjikv hp( vjfml`v wmsm ikhcsms `l sjuhk e` lmv `vfìmv) “Lm hÿvjfm me}pj`s` ì H`( z`snkle pim dpifjöi ukumlhìu` tjuml, wp`v jiu`swsùm, fkhìum, s`hmsfm, fkiusmvum, mopvum, `vujhplm z fs`m)‘ 6 6) Z `l sjuhk .kseì ì }p` v` mbspwm `l vkijek ì `l uj`hwk, lk }p` eù`shjim ukek `l hktjhjìuk, ukhmiek ì fpìum lm ejvusjcpfjöi e` lkv `l`hìukv*) lk s`bplm) Êvu`, me`hív e` ems `l pok e`l hktjhjìuk, lk eùjì` z, mvè, @vu` bsmi fs`meks ipifm wskepok pi sjuhk bì`sml, `v e`fjs, fmem `l`( hìuk uìèm vp wskwjk sjuhk }p` vjifskijmcm fki lkv sjuhkv fjsfpiemiu`v, fs`miek m t`f`v kwkvjfjki`v ìus` lm hÿvjfm z `l sjuhk fkswksml e` lkv mfuk( s`v, k ìus` `l u`~uk z lm mffjöi e` êvukv, k ìus` `vum ÿlujhm z lm jlphjimfjöi) Fki `vukv us`v `l`hìukv, H`z`snkle lkbsö pim vjifskijmfjöi e` bsmi fmlj( eme fkivjbpjìek }p`, opvujfmemhìu`, lm hÿvjfm dp`sm pi `l`hìuk tjuml ì vpv wp`vumv ì `vfìm) Z fkhk ejsèm `l hjvhk H`z`snkle, ì =:72?

Ljljm Vj~ukv Bmjuíi, Lm hpvjfmljeme `vfêijfm ì H`z`snkle, Hê~jfk, u`vjim e` Ljfìfjmupsm ì Lju`smupsm Esmhíujfm z U`musk, PIMH, =:>0) 3

6

Jcèe), w) 6:)

04


Lkv b`vukv, lmv mfujupe`v, lmv hjsmemv, lkv vjlìfjkv, `vumcl`( fì lm t`seme e` lmv s`lmfjki`v nphmimv) Lmv wmlmcsmv ik ej( fì ukek) @v hì`vu`s ìukif`v pi “ejcpok e` hktjhjìukv `vfêijfkv‘ wmsm vjupms ml `vw`fumeks ì lm wkvjfjöi e` kcv`s( tmeks w`svwjfm)5 Vj ik, »eöie` }pèm `l ejílkbk jiu`sjks }p` e`c` uì`s pim t`seme`sm kcsm z `l fpml v` em ì lkv vjlìfjkv, ì lkv t`seme`skv hkhìukv wlívujfkv; H`z`snkle mnkieö ì `l u`hm? Mckljemv lmv fmiejlòmv, `l u`musk “e` lm fkitìfjöi‘ wkiesí lm `vfìm m ijt`l e` lm wlmu`m, z mwkzmiek, vkcs` `l sjuhk, lm ejf( fjöi z `l hktjhjìuk e` lkv mfuks`v, mfujtmsí `l sìmfjhjìuk e` lm “emim‘) @i `vu` u`musk lm wmlmcsm v` usmivdkshmsí fki dmfjljeme ì pi bsjuk h`löejfk, ì pi vjlìfjk h`löejfk)0 @l vjlìfjk v` hmij`vum ik völk ì lm wmlmcsm, vjik, me`hív ì `l fp`swk ì vp ukumljeme) @l vjlìfjk h`löejfk `v lm ws`(mffjöi k lm ws`(mfupmfjöi, `l vjlìfjk llìk e` wkuìfjm }p` s`mljm pim eùìfjöi e` lm mffjöi `~u`sjks, w`sk }p` `vuí llìm e` tjem jiu`sjks1 lm wmpvm `v mwmsìu` wp`v nmz jiuì( fjöi z mfujupe, mpi}p` ik nmzm vkijek k hktjhjìuk `~u`sik) @vuk fs`m pi ujwk e` uìvjöi ì `l `vw`fumeks }p` v` uksim vphmhìu` jiu`s`vmiu` wp`v `l wÿcljfk, mpi}p` ik lk t`, vè lk w`sfjc`) @vu` mvw`fuk ik völk lk e`vmsskllö H`z`snkle, umhcjêi @pbìjk Cmscm, `l u`ösjfk u`musml, ejs`fuks e`l bspwk Keji U`musù z usmcmomeks jifmivmcl` ì lm `~usmfkujejmijeme `vfêijfm? Lkv b`vukv lmv mfujupe`v, ejvumifjmv, hjsmemv z vjlìfjkv m h`( ipek ik mfkhwmými lmv wmlmcsmv, ik v` ljhjumi m vpcsmzms lmv s`lmfjki`v }p` êvumv mipifjmi, vjik }p` s`t`lmi fpíl`v vki ì s`mljeme uml`v s`lmfjki`v, zm v`m e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum `hk( ujtk k vkfjml) H`z`snkle hkvusö föhk `l mfuks wkeèm hke`lms fkivfjìu`hìu` `vukv ekv ijt`l`v e` fkhwksumhjìuk, ej( cpomiek lkv wskwjkv hktjhjìukv v`bÿi pim löbjfm }p` uòèm ip`tmv s`lmfjki`v fki lmv wmlmcsmv, vji ljhjumsv` m jlpvusmslmv)4 H`z`snkle, @l msu` v`fsùk e`l mfuks, s`fkwjlmfjöi e` @pbìjk Cmscm z Ijfklm Vmtms`v`, Hê~jfk, @ejuksjml @vfìklkbèm, M) F), =::7, w =45) H`z`snkle, @l u`musk U`musml, Lm Nmcmim, s`jhws`vjöi =:>>, @ejuksjml Msu` z Lju`smupsm, =:=6, w)5:) 4@pbìjk Cmscm, z Ijfklm Vmtms`v`, @l msu` v`fsùk e`l mfuks, Hê~jfk, @vfìklkbèm, M) F), 377:,

5

0

w >0)

02


Lm ws`mfupmfjöi `v ws`fjvmhìu` pi usmhwklèi) Pi hkhìuk e` uìvjöi }p` v` e`vfmsbm ì lm mfupmfjöi) Lm mfupmfjöi `v pim fkem .Uêshjik hpvjfml, ì jumljmik, ì `l u`~uk ksjbjiml*, hjìusmv }p` lm ws`mfupmfjöi `v `l `l`hìuk ws`vìu` }p` v` mfphplm z v` e`vmsskllm `vw`smiek s`vklt`sv`)2 Êl nm mshmek }p` `l b`vuk `v hktjhjìuk z lm wmpvm, lm mfujupe) @l b`v( uk `v fs`meks e`l hktjhjìuk z e`l f`v` e`l hjvhk, lm mfujupe `v `l `vumek i`stjkvk) Wmsm @pbìjk Cmscm, lm dkshm ejiíhjfm e` pi ò`sfjfjk `vfêijfk `v pim fkksejimfjöi ws`fjvm ìus` hktjhjìukv e`ijekv z usmivjfjki`v }p` ejtj( eì ì dmv`v ejfnkv hktjhjìukv, `vmv usmivjfjki`v vki w`}p`ýkv vukwv, llmhmekv vmuv .lkv fpml`v vjbijfmi ws`wmsmfjöi wmsm lm mffjöi, `vums m wpi( uk e` nmf`s lm mffjöi, lm ì`sbèm ì `l uj`hwk*, fmem dmv` e` hktjhjìukv v` tp`lt` eùmllmem, jivumiek m }p` `l fp`swk mvphm lm `~usmfkujejmijeme `vfêijfm? kwkvjfjki`v, uìvjki`v, khjvjki`v, ejlmumfjki`v, nmfì }p` `l hk( hìuk e`l vmuv, }p` `v` vjlìfjk v` tp`ltm hpfnk hív ws`vìu` ` jiuìvk bì`smiek fkhk pi ejílkbk ìus` lk }p` `v w`sf`wujcl` m vjhwl` tjvum ì `l fp`swk .fpmiek v` s`mljm `l hktjhjìuk* z ìus` lk }p` ik `v w`sf`wujcl` ì wsjh`sm jivumifjm) Wmsm w`sfjcjs fki hív flmsjeme lk `~wljfmek vkcs` lmv dmv`v z `l vmuv, tkz m e`vfsjcjs pim v`fpìfjm e` v`jv hkhìukv `~usmfkujejmikv llmhmem Us`v( us`v }p` s`mljmi lmv mfusjf`v, e`l Keji U`musù, Skc`sum Fmss`sj z Opljm Tms( l`z, }p` nmfì v`jvlkv wkvjfjki`v uj`hwk, ì lmv ijt`l`v fpml`v jhwljfmi `l fp`swk .e`ve` wj`v nmvummllmhjvhk fmc`m*, ejd`sìu`v e` mlupsmukek fki s`vw`fuk e`l wjvk z fmljeme`v e` hktjhjìuk .vpmt`(dp`su`, ljbmek(fksumek, síwjek(lìuk*, ll`tmi ml lèhju` lm dkshm e` fmem wkvupsm, e` fmem mffjöi) Ml ò`fpumsv` lm v`fpìfjm ì wmsòmv i`f`vjumi vjifskijms umhcjêi lkv vmuv z lkv jhwplvkv nmfjìek, ì `vu` fmvk, `tjeìu` lm jhwlkvjöi bpmsemem ì fmem hkhìuk, lm jihktjljeme ljvum wmsm lm mffjöi, lm uìvjöi, lm mfujupe }p` ik eòm e` jssmejms ì`sbèm, nmzm k ik nmzm hktjhjìuk, nmzm fkiuìfjöi k vjlìfjk, wmsm }p` e`vwpêv lm mffjöi hjvhm v`m ò`fpumem fki lm ws`fjvjöi s`}p`sjem) Wmsm @pbìjk Cmscm, lkv hktjhjìukv e`cì `hmims e` lm jihktjljeme, dkiek vkcs` `l fpml v` ejv`ým `l hktjhjìuk) Lm ws`vìfjm jihötjl, w`sk tjtm wks eìusk, `v ekie` v` ljbm wìvmhjìuk z mffjöi) @l mfuks e`c` mwsìe`s ìukif`v m dsìms lm jiuìfjöi, zm }p` vj `l hktjhjìuk `v hív s`vusjibjek @pbìjk Cmscm, Lm fmikm e` wmw`l, Hê~jfk, Bspwk @ejuksjml Bmfùm V) M), Fkl) @vfìklkbèm, =::3, w) :6) 2

0>


}p` lm `hkfjöi k `l `vuèhplk hìuml, v` lkbsmsí }p` `v` `vuèhplk v` fki( tj`sum ì lm vpvumifjm z `l hktjhjìuk e`l fp`swk ì vp hmijd`vumfjöi) Hjìusmv lm fkifjìfjm e` lm ws`(mffjöi k ws`(mfupmfjöi `v fkhk “pi e`vfpcsjhjìuk‘ ì `l u`musk kffjeìuml m wsjifjwjkv e`l vjblk ^^, ì `l u`m( usk ksjìuml `vu` wskf`vk `v e` vjblkv .v`jv vjblkv, mwsk~jhmemhìu`*) @i Omwöi, umiuk ì `l u`musk Ikn fkhk ì `l Amcpaj, wks ò`hwlk, `~jvu` pim flmsm ejd`sìfjm ìus` lm ì`sbèm }p` v` em ì `l `vwmfjk z lm }p` v` em ì `l uj`hwk) Eè`l n`fnk, s`blme`vmsskllmsv` e`l u`musk Ikn }p` us`vzeêfjhmv e` lm mffjöi mfukspim e`cì ì `v `l `vwmfjk lmv kusmvwmsu`v vjù` eêfjhmv, ì `l uj`hwk, `vuk, fki `l i e` sùì`s lm ì`sbèm eìusk e` vè, vjlìfjk mwmsìu` llìk e` tjem z e` ì`sbèm jiusèiv`fm, hktjhjìuk z f`v` e`l hktjhjìuk fki pi fkiuskl `~mfuk) M fkiujipmfjöi, pi ò`hwlk n`fnk wks @pbìjk Cmscm fkhk wmsu` e`l `vupejk e` lm ì`sbèm ekie` lm mffjöi v` tp`lt` fmvj jhw`sf`wujcl`? Ukek hj fp`swk `vuí ì mfujtjeme, ejvwp`vuk, ws`wmsmek wmsm mffjkims ì dkshm `~us`hmemhìu` ws`fjvm? ukhk lm cku`llm }p` `vuí ì lm h`vm dsìu` m hè) Lkv hÿvfplkv jhwljfmekv ì hj wkvupsm `vuíi fkhwskhùjekv ì `vum ums`m? v` wskepf` pi ljb`sèvjhk e`vwlmmhjìuk e`l fp`swk }p` m w`vms e` v`s mwìmv w`sf`wujcl` wmsm `l `vw`fumeks, hktjljm lmv hjvhmv ì`sbèmv }p` v`sèmi i`f`vmsjmv wmsm `l mfuks) Lk }p` kfpss` `v }p` nmbk usmcmoms ÿijfmhìu` lkv hÿvfplkv e` lm wkvupsm zijik m}p`llkvlkv e`le` e`vwlmmhjìuk hkt`s hj csmk, umhwkfk hmijwplmfjöi }p` }p` nmfì w`shjuì m hjv eèkv > md`ssms lm cku`llm) @vuk, usmepfjek hmu`híujfmhìu`, }pj`s` e`fjs }p` pi mfuks Ikn `h( wl`m hív e`l ekcl` e` ì`sbèm ì `l uj`hwk wmsm ll`tms m fmck lm mffjöi ì `l `vwmfjk, uj`hwk }p` v` hmij`vum fki pim jihktjljeme ws`fjvm llìm e` uìvjöi, wp`v v` fs`m pim kwkvjfjöi fkivumiu` ìus` lm dp`sm }p` jhwplvm lm mffjöi z lm dp`sm }p` sùjì` bsmi wmsu` e` `vum mffjöi) Wmsm pi msujvum `vfêijfk ksjìuml, ì bì`sml .emim Kejvvj, u`musk cmljiêv, öw`sm e` Wàèi z kuskv*, }pjì ll`bm m v`s pi t`seme`sk msujvum `v `l }p` `vuí tjtk ì lm jihktjljeme, ì v`ýml e` `vums ljvukv wmsm lm mffjöi, v` cmjlm ì `l fp`swk ì pim jihktjljeme z vjlìfjk ejiíhjfkv)

>

@pbìjk Cmscm z Ijfklm Vmtms`v`, Hê~jfk, @l msu` v`fsùk e`l mfuks, @vfìklkbèm M) F), w) =76,

377:)

0:


E` ukekv hkekv, `v jhwksumiu` kds`f`s ml l`fuks ò`hwlkv kffjeìuml`v, wks lk hjvhk v` `vw`fjfmsíi us`v? lkv ekv wsjh`skv vki wms`fjekv wp`v lm mffjöi v` tp`lt` `vu` vjbijfmujtk vjlìfjk }p` ikv ll`tm m pi hkhìuk usí( bjfk, `l u`sf`s ò`hwlk ikv ll`tm m pim `~w`fumfjöi fkhwlùmhìu` ejvuji( um) @l wsjh`s fmvk `v e` lm kcsm Cpcpv, ejsjbjem wks H`z`snkle, `l hkhìuk `v fpmiek `l fmwjumljvum Tmi Amhw`semd llmhm ml bì`sml C`sàktù wks u`lêdkik z fkiu`vum) V`sèm fkitìjìu` f`ssms lkv kokv ` jhmbjiísv`lk? Fpmiekmlm llmhmi ml bì`sml piv`bpiekv) hktjhjìuk cspvfk lm fmc`m z hjsmmlmlu`lêdkik, vjstjìu`?fki kfnk Vp tjvum w`shmi`f` jihötjl, w`sk lm epsmfjöi e` lm wmpvm s`t`( lm vp mivjm) Vÿcjumhìu` v` l`tmium z }pèm }pjùk? ej` v`( bpiekv) Lm uìvjöi e`l mivjm vpc`? fmuksf` v`bpiekv) Vmlpem lìumhìu`? }pjif` v`bpiekv) E`vljm lm hmik ì `l fnml`fk e` vp pijdksh` z lm sùjsm síwjemhìu`? fpmusk v`bpiekv) @l fkiusmvu` ìus` `l u`hwk lìuk e` lm bsmemfjöi ws`fèìu` z lm s`wìujim e`vfmsbm iml mipifjm }p` lm fkhpijfmfjöi u`l`( döijfm e`c` e` v`s e`vmbsmemcl`): Fkhk v` hìfjkiö miu`sjkshìu`, `vum ip`tm hmi`sm e` usmcmoms fki lmv mffjki`v, `l uj`hwk, `l vjlìfjk dp` pi wmsu`mbpmv ì `l u`musk kffjeìuml usmcmomek wks H`z`snkle m wsjifjwjkv e`l vjblk ^^, ì lkv mýkv t`jiu`, wmsm v`s hív `~mfukv) Vki fs`mfjki`v e` hkhìukv ekie` `vu` uìvk vjlìfjk v` fkitj`su` ì pim wskdpiem jiu`sjksjmfjöi) M fkiujipmfjöi, `l v`bpiek fmvk fkss`vwkie` esmhm eè`lLmvjblk llmhmem u`l`döijfm, `l mfuks `v @shù` _mfkij, umhcjêi e` mlwsjifjwjkv ^^) Êl s`mljm vjù` mffjki`v flmsmv z ws`fjvmv fki vpv fkss`vwkiejìu`v wmpvmv ìus` pim z kusm, lkbsmiek }p` lmv mffjki`v, vji w`se`s vp ksbmijfjeme, wp`( emi v`s fkhk dkukbsmdèmv ekie`, ì fmem pim, v` `vumcl`f` pim wlívujfm `~usmfkujejmim) Lk hív jhwmfumiu` `v }p` `l `vw`fumeks v` jhmbjim flmsm( hìu` `l vkijek m wmsujs e` lk }p` `vuí tjìek) @i lm wsjh`sm jhmbì llmhm m vp dmhjljm wks u`lêdkik z `vuí `vfpfnmiek m vp hpo`s) @i lmv jhíbì`v v`bpiem z u`sf`sm v` t` föhk fkhjìm m `vfpfnms spjekv `~usmýkv, bìu` e`vfkikfjem v` nm hùjek m vp fmvm, ì vp skvusk fkhjìm m w`sfjcjsv` lm ws`kfpwmfjöi ` ji}pjùpe) @i lmv jhíbì`v fpmsum z }pjium v` w`sfjcì flmsmhìu` }p` `vfpfnm föhk skcmi ì vp fmvm z föhk wmvm e` pim ws`( kfpwmfjöi ` ji}pjùpe m pim bsmi mibpvujm) @i lm v`~um jhmbì v` `~ws`vm föhk ll`bm m lm e`v`vw`smfjöi wp`v `vfpfnm föhk hmumi m vp hpo`s) @i lm vêwujhm z ÿlujhm jhmbì ll`bm ml nkssks miu` lm hmumim e` vpv njokv) @vu` :

Jcèe), w) =7:)

47


usmcmok jhwljfm, fkhk `l miu`sjks, pim bsmi ekvjfmfjöi e` usmcmok ì `l uj`hwk, h`flmek fki jiuìvmv w`sk ws`fjvmv s`mffjki`v `hkujtmv) @l u`sf`sk z ÿlujhk ò`hwlk `v e` lm mfusj Jcì Imb`l w`suì`fjìu` ml Keji U`musù, fpmiek ì F`se`ým, ì =:20 jijfjm wks lmv fmll`v, z vji ws`tjk mtjvk ml wÿcljfk, pi `vw`fuífplk) @llm op`bm, wks mvè e`fjslk, fki ejvujiumv hmi`smv e` fmhjims? v` wmsm, v` }pèm ì wkvupsm jihötjl hjìusmv `vuí ì `}pjljcsjk ws`fmsjk, fs`miek `~w`fumfjöi ìus` `l wÿcljfk, z fkiujiÿm vp s`fkssjek`~usmfkujejmim wks lmv ejd`sìu`v fmll`vìus` e`l wp`clk) wmvmo`,znjk pim fkh( cjimfjöi ws`fjvm ì`sbèm@i ì`vu` `l uj`hwk ì`sbèm ì `l `vwmfjk? fpìum fki flmskv z wsklkibmekv hkhìukv e` vmuv z `}pjljcsjk ws`fmsjk, vjlìfjk z `~w`fumfjöi, wmsm e`vwpêv ll`tms `vu` vmuv m pi hktj( hjìuk e`ijek z ws`fjvk ì `}pjljcsjk ws`fmsjk z kwkvjfjki`v fkswksml`v, s`bs`vm kusm t` m pi ip`tk vmuv) @v ji`tjumcl` hìfjkims m kusk bsmi u`ösjfk esmhíujfk kffjeìuml? C`s( uklu Cs`fnu) E` `vu` mpuks z ejs`fuks ml`híi v` wkesèm nmclms jifmivmcl`( hìu`, w`sk tkz m fìusmsh` ì ekv hkhìukv ws`fjvkv ì }p` pim e` vpv mfusjf`v hív fkivmbsmemv, N`lì` R`jb`l, hmiujì` ì ekv kcsmv ejvujiumv ml wÿcljfk `~w`fumiu` bsmfjmv m vp jiuìvm jihktjljeme z vjlìfjkv llìkv e` fkiuìjek? @l wsjh`s w`svkimo` `v lm hpo`s e` pi bkc`simeks }p` w`suì`f` m lm kcsm @l fèsfplk e` ujm fmpfmvjmik, `vusìmem ì =:05, `vfsjum z ejsjbjem wks Cs`fnu, ekie` wmsm e`hkvusms vp wke`s z vp ìksh` dp`sm jiu`sim z ujsm( ièm pujljmhmsfmekv pim tk epsm z fksumiu`, w`sk ì tklphì cmok zz fkiusklmek, vjlìfjkv z llìkv e` uìvjöi, ekie` lm hjsmem `l hpujvhk fki jh( w`smi miu`v e` ems öseì`v, z fki pim fkswksmljeme `vfpùm, hmv eù`shj( imiu` wp`v ì t` e` hkt`sv` fki bsmie`v me`hmi`v mekwum pim wkvjfjöi e` fmvj mcvklpum }pjùpe1 vji `hcmsbk, vp wkvupsm ik `v e` e`vfmivk vjik e` pim hmsfmem z ws`fjvm `~usmfkujejmijeme? ws`vìum pi fp`swk }p` `vuí ì vmuv, “m wpiuk e`‘, fki pim wkvupsm, me`hív, imem fkitìfjkiml wp`vuk }p` fmem wmsu` e` vp fp`swk v` ìfpìusm ì ejvujiumv ejs`ffjki`v? `~jvuì kwkvjfjki`v ìus` wj`simv, uksvk, skvusk z hjsmem, me`hív, vp fp`swk e`c` uì`s `l hìks w`vk wkvjcl` wp`v v` vjìum lm hmzks wmsu` e`l uj`hwk ì( fjhm e` lm `vwmlem e` pim `vflmtm fkhk vj dp`sm pi cmifk .lm `vflmtm `vuí mbmfnmem z mwkzmem vkcs` lmv skejllmv fki lmv hmikv ì `l wjvk z lm fmc`m vkcs` lmv hmikv*) R`jb`l fkhwmsu` fki `l wÿcljfk pim jhwlkvjöi lmuìu`, pim dp`sm cspuml ì lm jhw`sf`wujcjljeme)

4=


@l v`bpiek w`svkimo` `v pim hmes` }p` fkh`sfjm fki lm h`sfmifèm z wskepfukv }p` ll`tm ì vp fmssùm, cpvfmiek me`hív vkcs`tjtjs ì wlìm bp`ssm1 lm kcsm `v Hmes` Fksmo` z vpv njokv, ws`vìumem ì =:5:, `vfsjum z ejsj( bjem wks Cs`fnu) Lk }p` m}pè v` wsùìe` e`vumfms `v pi hkhìuk fljhíujfk e` lm kcsm? fpmiek lkv vklemekv l` ìv`ými m Hmes` Fksmo` `l fmeít`s e` vp njok1 `v pi hkhìuk mlumhìu` fkijfujtk wks}p` l` ll`tmi ml ejdpiuk, `l fpml `v fkivje`smek pi “ì`hjbk wks usmjfjöi‘, wmsm t`s vj lk jeìujfm z e` `vu` hkek vmc`s vj `llm umhcjêi `v ì`hjbm) Fpmiek t` m vp njok, ij`bm fkikf`s( lk, lk ij`bm fki lm fmc`m ekv t`f`v e` hkek jiejd`sìu` z v` lk ll`tmi m pim dkvm fkhÿi1 `llm ij vj}pj`sm wpè` ìu`ssmslk wks}p` i`f`vjum vmltms vp tjem) @i `vu` wsjh`s hkhìuk e` lm i`bmfjöi, `llm ws`vìum pi w`svkimo` }p` wks dp`sm ìhpe`f`, w`sk }p` e`hp`vusm pim uìvjöi jiu`sim z lmuìu` }p` s`òm flmsmhìu` lm mibpvujm z e`v`vw`smfjöi }p` `vuí tjtjìek) Mpi}p` lk jhwmfumiu` e`l hkhìuk ik `v êv`, vjik opvumhìu` e`vwpêv? fpmiek v` ll`tmi `l fmeít`s e` vp njok, `llm `~u`sim lm e`v`vw`smfjöi ` jhwkuìfjm e` pim hmes` miu` pim vjupmfjöi lèhju`, z lk nmf` fki pi bsjuk hpek, e`v`v( w`smek, e`vbmssmeks z eklkskvmhìu` vjlìfjkvk, pi vkijek jie`vfsjwujcl` ekie` vpv hmikv z ukem vp fklphim .e`ve` `l vmfsk nmvum lm kim f`stjfml*, wmsujfjwmi e` `vu` vkijek }p` lkbsm sùphcms ì ukek `l u`musk, wp`v `vu` b`vuk `~usmfkujejmik wsktkfm }p`, fkhk `l fmcmllk e`l Bp`sijfm }p` mcs` lm ckfm nmfjm `l fj`lk, lm wkvjfjöi e` lm fmc`m wsktk}p` pim fkiv`fpìfjm e` ms}p`k ì ukem vp `vwmlem) Hkhìuk e` wmsíljvjv) Vjlìfjk v`wplfsml, vjbij( fmujtk, s`vwjsmfjöi fkiuìjem, ejílkbk jiu`sik e` ukekv lkv }p` wmsujfjwmi e`l hkhìuk, mfuks`v z `vw`fumeks`v, spwupsm jiu`sjks) Wks kusk lmek, `v i`f`vmsjk e`vumfms pi `d`fuk `vfêijfk }p`, fkivje`sk, nmvum mnksm `l u`musk kffjeìuml fmvj ik nm e`vmsskllmek .m `~f`wfjöi e` H`( z`snkle z mlbpikv hív*? s`ws`vìums lm mpvìfjm ì `l `vfìmsjk) Lkv mfuk( s`v ksjìuml`v, ml ik fkiums fki lkv e`vmnkbkv e` lkv dkskv kffjeìuml`v, v` nmi tjvuk ì lm i`f`vjeme e` s`mljms pim v`sj` e` fkitìfjkimljvhkv, ìus` `llkv, lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e` lm mpvìfjm? fpmiek `l w`svkimo` i`f`vjum vmljs e` `vfìm k ì pi e`vfmivk ìus` ekv fks`kbsmdèmv, `l mfuks v` }pèm ì `l `vfìmsjk, emiek lm `vwmlem, ì ukuml vjlìfjk1 v` w`shmi`f` jihötjl, w`sk ik ji`su`, wp`v mpi}p` v` `v fkivfjìu` e` }p` ik v` t` ml wÿcljfk, v` `v fkivfjìu` e` }p` v` `v tjvuk) Wmsm lkbsms `vum mpvìfjm fki fmljeme v` ll`bm m mvphjs pim wkvupsm `~usmfkujejmim ekie` v` kcv`stm }p` `l msujvum “e`v( fmivm‘ ì vjlìfjk, w`sk }p` ml hjvhk uj`hwk vp fp`swk wkv`` z hmij`vum pim `vuêujfm e`ijem, lm wkvupsm ì lm }p` v` }pèm `~wki` flmsmhìu` ljb`( smv kwkvjfjki`v bsmfjmv m lmv ejd`sìu`v ejs`ffjki`v }p` hmiujì` fmem wms( u` e` vp fp`swk, `vuí tjtk, lmuìu`, ì vjlìfjk, “ì mpvìfjm‘, pi hkhìuk flmsmhìu` fkhwljfmek wmsm pi msujvum ksjìuml, fkhk `llkv cjì mv`bpsmi)

43


Wmsm u`shjims }pj`sk nmf`s hìfjöi e` }p` `l vjlìfjk mcs` e`ijujtm( hìu` fmhjikv ji`vw`smekv z }p` m wmsujs e` êl v` ìfpìusmi ip`tkv s` ( fpsvkv z wkvjcjljeme`v? nmf` hív e` pim eêfmem }p` v` `vuí e`vmsskllmiek z ll`tmiek m wp`vumv ì `vfìm `l pijt`svk sjfk, tmsjmek z ejd`sìu` fkhk `v `l u`musk wmsm vksekhpekv, `v pi vjlìfjk híbjfk z ejiíhjfk }p` ikv llìm e` jhíbì`v z e` `hkfjki`v, ekie` w`shjuì }p` `l `vw`fumeks nmbm fkivfjìu` `l s`dsíi zm dmhkvk? “pim jhmbì tml` hív }p` hjl wmlmcsmv‘, `vuk lk nmfì bsmfjmv m lm ljhwj`m e` vpv hktjhjìukv z m lm flmsjeme ` ji( u`sjksjmfjöi e` vpv hìvmo`v) Vjbijfmfjöi ukuml nmvum ì lkv mwlmpvkv }p` v` nmfì vji opiums lmv hmikv, vji `hjujs vkijek mlbpik, vjik vpcjìek lkv csmkv z hktjìek lmv hmikv ì dkshm fjsfplms) Mfupmlhìu`, `~jvu` hív e` pim fkhwmýèm e` u`musk wmsm vksekhpekv ì Hê~jfk, `vw`fèfmhìu` lm Fkhwmýèm e` U`musk V`ým z T`sck mwkzm lm dkshm( fjöi e` kuskv bspwkv e` u`musk wmsm vksekv ì ejd`sìu`v @vumekv, me`hív,( uj` i` fkhk hjvjöi wskhkt`s lm lìbpm z lm fplupsm e` `llkv m usmtêv e` fpsvkv,( um ll`s`v, tje`kv z u`musk, kds`fjìek wmsm `llk bjsmv imfjkiml`v ` jiu`simfjkiml`v)

Fkiflpvjki`v @vu` msuèfplk `v pi cs`t` s`fkssjek vkcs` lm `~usmfkujejmijeme `vfêijfm ì `l vjlìfjk, lm }p`, hmiòmem fki ws`fjvjöi, ìsj}p`f` hív `l usmcmok ì lmv umclmv1 lm ljvum ì s`mljeme `v hpfnk hív lmsbm bsmfjmv m ejd`sìu`v uêf( ijfmv, u`ösjfkv, ejs`fuks`v z wp`vumv ì `vfìm e` Ksjìu` z Kffjeìu` e` nkz ì eèm) Fkivje`sk }p` lk jhwksumiu` `v föhk `l ejs`fuks z `l mfuks, cmvmekv ì pim uêfijfm zm fkikfjem k ì vp wskwjm uêfijfm, wpèì usmivdkshms pi u`~( uk `vfsjuk ì mlbk tjtk, }p` lmu`, ekie` `l vjlìfjk umhcjêi wmsujfjwm, wp`v ujì` vp wskwjk vjbijfmek) Mnè s`vje` lm t`seme`sm hmbjm) Lmv `~ws`vjki`v e`l fp`swk .ì mffjöi k wmpvm*, eìkumi `l t`seme`sk jiu`sjks) Ik v` wp`( e` pvms `l b`vuk ij lm wmlmcsm ì dkshm bsmupjum, ij pvms wmpvmv z vjlìfjkv e` hmi`sm jiopvujfmem, zm }p` `vumv dkshmv `~ws`vjtmv vki `l s`vplumek e` pim mpuêiujfm fkhpijfmfjöi fki pik hjvhk, e` pim fki`~jöi ìus` lm jiuìfjöi z lm mffjöi? “@l b`vuk `v sjuhk, `v hktjhjìuk, `v `l lìbpmo` e` ip`vusk fp`swk, hj b`vuk vkz zk mcsjêiekh`) @v lm wskz`ffjöi e` lk }p` wjìvk)‘=7 @l mfuks `v fs`mfjöi z fkhpijfmfjöi, nmz }p` mvphjslk fki lm s`v( wkivmcjljeme }p` `vuk jhwljfm) =7

F) z H Mzh`sjfn, Vjbikv e` lm fkhpijfmfjöi, Cmsf`lkim, @eju) U`je`, =:>0)

46


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Mvlmi, Keùu`, @l mfuks ì `l vjblk ^^, Cmsf`lkim, @ejuksjml Bpvumtk Bjlj, =:2:) Mzh`sjfn, F) z H, Vjbikv e` lm fkhpijfmfjöi, Cmsf`lkim, @ejuksjml U`je`, =:>0) Ckc`v Imt`v, H¯ e`l Fmshì, U`ksèm e`l U`musk, Hmesje, @eju) Msfk+Lj( cskv, V) L), =::2) F`cmllkv, @ebms, .v`l`ffjöi z ikumv*, Wsjifjwjkv e` ejs`ffjöi `vfêijfm, Hê~jfk, Fkl) @vfìklkbèm, =:::) Cmscm, @pbìjk z Ijfklm Vmtms`v`, @l msu` v`fsùk e`l mfuks, Hê~jfk, @v( fìklkbèm, M) F), 377:) Cmscm, @pbìjk, Hív mllí e` lmv Jvlmv kumiu`v, Hê~jfk, Bspwk èjuksjml Bmfùm, V) M), Fkl) @vfìklkbèm, =:>4) Cmscm, @pbìjk, Lm fmikm e` wmw`l, Hê~jfk, Bspwk @ejuksjml Bmfùm, V) M), Fkl) @vfìklkbèm, =::3) F`cmllkv @ebms, “Jiuskepffjöi‘, @l mfuks vkcs` lm `vfìm, e` H`z`snkle, Hê~jfk, Bspwk @ejuksjml Bmfùm, =:>4) Jii`v, F, @l u`musk vmbsmek) @l sjupml z lm tmibpmsejm, Hê~jfk, Dkiek e` Fplupsm @fkiöhjfm, =::3) H`z`snkle, @l msu` v`fsùk e`l mfuks , Hê~jfk, s`fkwjlmfjöi e` @pbìjk Cmscm z Ijfklm Vmtms`v`, @ejuksjml @vfìklkbèm, M) F), =::7) H`z`snkle, @l u`musk U`musml, lm Nmcmim, @ejuksjml Msu` z Lju`smupsm, s`jh( ws`vjöi ì =:>>) H`z`snkle, @l mfuks vkcs` lm `vfìm, Hê~jfk, èjfjöi, jiuskepffjöi z ik( umv e` @ebms F`cmllkv, Bspwk èjuksjml Bmfùm, =:=4 z =:32) Vj~ukv Bmjuíi, Ljljm, Lm hpvjfmljeme `vfêijfm ì H`z`snkle, Hê~jfk, u`vjim e` Ljfìfjmupsm ì Lju`smupsm Esmhíujfm z U`musk, PIMH, =:>0)

45

Msu` vkiksk, `vwmfjk wÿcljfkv z vjlìfjk Fêvms Jbimfjk Cmfm Lkc`sm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

Jiuskepffjöi Fkhk jiejfm vp uèuplk, `vu` msuèfplk ujì` us`v t`sujìu`v u`híujfmv? `l msu` vkiksk z vp njvuksjm, lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv, z imlhìu`, `l vjlìfjk) Ml ìus`fspms lmv us`v t`sujìu`v, eìusk e` fkiu`~ukv `vw`fèfkv, v` wpèì `~mhjims mvw`fukv e` lm wsífujfm msuèvujfm s`fjìu`, ì tmsjmekv fkiu`~ukv z lpbms`v, w`sk hív `vw`fèfmhìu` ì lm fjpeme e` ]p`sêumsk)

@vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv Lm njvuksjm e`l msu` vkiksk `v s`lmujtmhìu` s`fjìu` z e` bsmi tjumljeme, mpi}p` umi tì`smcl` k e` bsmi usmejfjöi fkhk lkv lpbms`v ekie` v` e`vm( sskllm imupsmlhìu`, }p` vki lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv) @v ikumcl` }p` lm fki( fjìfjm, lm e`ijfjöi z, vkcs` ukek, lm pujljmfjöi msuèvujfm e` `vukv `vwmfjkv v`m fmvj wskwjème e`l vjblk ^^, fkifsùmhìu`, e` lmv tmibpmsejmv) @i `l íhcjuk e` lm jidkshmfjöi jihèjmum z wsífujfm, s`vmlum lm e`ijfjöi wsktjvum wks Rjajwèjm? @v m}p`l `vwmfjk e` wskwjème wÿcljfm, ekhjijk z pvk wÿcljfk, z me`hív, @l `vwmfjk wÿcljfk ujì` pim ejhìvjöi vkfjml, fplupsml z wklèujfm)= Eìusk e` `vum h`fíijfm }p` fkivjvu` ì `vfkb`s wpiukv ml`muksjkv eìusk e` pi fkiblkh`smek e` jidkshmfjöi, h`fíijfm dmtks`fjem wks `l mpuks e` `vu` msuèfplk ì vp }p`nmf`s msuèvujfk, fmc` hìfjkims kusmv e`( ijfjki`v, }p` wpèì fkidkshms pim tjvjöi e`l `vwmfjk wÿcljfk ì lm }p` fmcì hpfnmv ejhìvjki`v z fkipìfjmv? Amiu z Nmc`shmv zm v` nmcèmi s`d`sjek ml fkif`wuk e` lk wÿcljfk fki s`lmfjöi ml `vwmfjk) Lm u`vjv pijt`svjumsjm e` Nmc`shmv, @l `vwmfjk wÿcljfk? ms}p`klkbèm e` lm wpcljfjeme fkhk ejhìvjöi fkivujupzìu` e` lm vkfjème Cpsbp`vm, `vuí ejs`fumhìu` s`lmfjkimem fki `l miíljvjv e` lkv `vwmfjkv wÿ( cljfkv)3 = 3

nuuw?++`v)rjajwèjm)ksb+rjaj+@vwmfjk[wÿcljfk L‚`vwmf` wpcljf ? msfnêklkbj` e` lm wpcljfjuê fkhh` ejhìvjöi fkivujupujt` e` lm vkfjêuê ckps(

b`kjv`, @e) Wmzku, =::2)

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Msu` vkiksk, `vwmfjk wÿcljfkv z vjlìfjk

Mvjhjvhk, e`ve` lm Miujbüème v` wpèì mimljms ws`kfpwmfjki`v fki lmv fmsmfu`sèvujfmv e` lkv `vwmfjkv, vp e`ijfjöi, vp pvk z vp fkiuskl) Lkv skhmikv z lkv bsj`bkv nmi eòmek u`vujhkijk e` êvumv }p`, mpi}p` s`lmfjk( imemv ejs`fumhìu` fki lm ms}pju`fupsm z `vuspfupsmfjöi e` lmv fjpeme`v, hp`vusmi pim e`ijfjöi }p` ì `l vjblk ^^ wkesíi mwskt`fnms lkv msujvumv tjvpml`v ì vp usmcmok e` jiu`stìfjki`v) Lm fs`mfjöi e` fkif`wukv fkhk lk “wpcljfk‘ t`svpv lk “wsjtmek‘ k lk “dpifjkiml‘ z lk “e`fksmujtk‘ zm v` hmij`vumi ì fjpeme`v fkhk Wkhw`zm)6 Mf`sfíiekikv nmfjm lmv tmibpmsejmv z lkv hktjhjìukv msuèvujfkv e` lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^, lmv e`ijfjki`v e` `vwmfjk v` fkifìusmi z v` e`iì fki hmzks `~mfujupe, emek }p` lmv wsífujfmv msuèvujfmv mvè lk s`}pj`( sì) Wks ò`hwlk, B`ksb Al`jiv, ì vp msuèfplk “Vju` Vkpiev Ki Vusmu`bj`v kd Vkpie Msu‘5, fmsmfu`sjm lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv e` lm vjbpjìu` hmi`sm? E`cì uì`s? =) Ljc`sume e` mff`vk1 lm ìusmem `v bsmujv, umhwkfk i`f`vjum e` pim ùj( }pùm e` t`vujhìum, z ik ujì` ijibÿi ujwk e` tjbjlmifjm) 3) Ljc`sume e` hktjhjìuk1 ik nmz s`vusjffjki`v `vwmfjml`v, ij lèhju`v ì `l uj`hwk wmsm pujljmslk) Ik `v fkhk pim dpifjöi e` fji` k fkifj`suk eki( e` nmz vjllmv, lk }p` jiejfm pi lpbms ok wmsm `l wÿcljfk z v` pujljm `l `vwmfjk wks pi lmwvk e` uj`hwk eù`shjimek, fki pi iml omek e` miu`hmik) 6) Ljc`sume e` wkv`vjöi1 `l `vwmfjk wÿcljfk ik l` w`suì`f` m imej`, ij jiejtjepmlhìu` ij m pim fkhwmýèm k jivujupfjöi wÿcljfm) 5) Ljc`sume e` pvk1 mwmsu` e` vp dpifjöi fkhk `vwmfjk pscmik, ik ujì` pim dpifjöi `vw`fèfm, ì fkiusmvu` fki lkv `vwmfjkv jivujupfjkiml`v k lkv fìuskv fkh`sfjml`v) @v wmsmeöojfk }p` ml fkif`wupmljmsv` lkv `vwmfjkv e` pim hmi`sm umi fkifsùm, lmv e`ijfjki`v jihèjmumhìu` v` wkljujmi z lmv ejd`sìfjmv ì( us` `l Wsjh`sk z `l U`sf`s Hpiek v` wkiì e` hmij`vuk? mlbpimv e` lmv e`ijfjki`v ememv wks Al`ji v`sèmi jhwìvmcl`v ì pi íhcjuk fkhk `l h`~jfmik)

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Wkhw`jj? Wpcljf mie Wsjtmu` Ljd`, W) _mia`s, Nmstmse Pijt) Ws`vv, =:::)

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Ksbmijè Vkpie, Tkl) 5, Iphc`s =, Fmhcsjeb` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, Mwsjl 377:)

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Msu`v tjvpml`v z `l vkijek Nmfjm lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^, fki `l metìjhjìuk e` lmv tmibpms( ejmv ì `l msu` z `l e`vmsskllk e` lm u`fiklkbèm, lk }p` ìuìe`hkv wks `v ( wmfjk wÿcljfk v` ìsj}p`f` ì ukekv lkv mvw`fukv, z lm `tklpfjöi e`l ejv`ýk vkiksk, e` lm ms}pju`fupsm `~w`sjhìuml z e` lmv u`fiklkbèmv ejbjuml`v emi lpbms m tmsjmv hmijd`vumfjki`v msuèvujfmv ip`tmv? `l msu` vkiksk, lm jivumlm( fjöi z lm jiu`stìfjöi) @vu` msuèfplk, mpi}p` wmsujìek e` us`v t`sujìu`v, v` fìusmsí ì `l msu` vkiksk wks tmsjmv smki`v? lm wsjh`sm `v }p` usmum fki vkijek ì vp e`ij( fjöi hív mhwljm, lm v`bpiem `v }p` jiu`bsm pim bsmi fmiujeme e` mfujtjem ( e`v fs`mujtmv z lm u`sf`sm `v }p` v` e`vmsskllm imupsmlhìu` ì `l íhcjuk e` lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv)

Msu` vkiksk Ik nmz pim e`ijfjöi fkiupieìu` k mcvklpum e` lk }p` lk fkivujupz` `l msu` vkiksk, vp e`ijfjöi `v wsktjvjkiml ì `l hòks e` lkv fmvkv, z v` fmsmf( u`sjm wks fkiuì`s mvw`fukv e` kusmv ejvfjwljimv, fkhk vki? lm jivumlmfjöi, `l u`musk, lm wk`vèm, `l tje`k, `l iù(msu, `l msu` e` mpejk(u`~uk, `l msu` e` wmjvmo`v .vkpievfmw` z pi lmsbk ùfêu`sm) rksav*, `l w`sdkshmif`, `l smejk, lm `vfplupsm vkiksm “@l msu` vkiksk ujì` lm ejvujifjöi e` v`s pi hktjhjìuk msuèvujfk }p` ik `vuí mumek m pi w`sèkek u`hwksml `vw`fèfk, lkfmljmfjöi b`kbsífm ij m pi bspwk e` msujvumv, z ik v` l` ejk ikhcs` nmvum e`vwpêv e` eêfmemv e` }p` dp`ski wskepfjemv vpv kcsmv u`hwsmimv․ C`sie Vfnpl nm `~ws`vmek g}p` `v pim kcsm e` msu` ì lm }p` `l vkijek v` fkitj`su` ì hmu`sjml eìusk e`l fkiu`~uk e` pi fkif`wuk `~wmiejek e` lm `vfplupsm))) ì vp hmzks wms( u`, lmv kcsmv vki e`ijuksjmv e` `vwmfjk z mwskwjmfjöi e`l hjvhk‘ .Vfnpl, 3773?=5*) Emtje Ukkw l` nm llmhmek “vkijek fkhcjimek fki wsífujfmv e` Msu`v Tjvpml`v‘ .Ukkw, 3777? =72*) @l blkvmsjk e` lm miuklkbèm Mpejk Fplups` lk e`vfsjc` fkhk pi uêshjik bì`sml wmsm kcsmv e` msu` }p` v` fìusmi ì vkijek z vki m hìpek wskepfjemv wmsm bml`sèmv k jivumlmfjki`v wmsm hp( v`kv .Fk~ mie Rmsi`s, 3775? 5=0*) Cjll Dkiumim v` nm s`d`sjek m vpv jivumlm( fjki`v z usmivhjvjki`v ì uj`hwk s`ml fkhk “`vfplupsmv vkiksmv‘ w`sk `v` uêshjik nm vjek mwljfmek m kcsmv tjvpml`v fki vkijek e` Nmssz C`sukjm, lkv

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n`shmikv Cmvfnù z hpfnkv kuskv) @i fkiusmvu` fki lm hÿvjfm, }p` ujì` pim epsmfjöi om .pvpmlhìu` fmlfplmem v`bÿi lm fmwmfjeme e` mlhmfìm( hjìuk e` lkv dkshmukv fkhk `l LW, lmv fjiumv e` mpejk k `l ejvfk fkhwmf( uk*, pim kcsm e` msu` vkiksk, fkhk pim kcsm tjvpml, ik ujì` pim epsmfjöi e`ijem, wpè` v`s `~w`sjhìumem ì pi w`sjkek e` uj`hwk lmsbk k fksuk, vji w`se`s `l fkhjìk, lm wmsu` jiu`shèjm k `l iml‘) 0 .hj usmepffjöi*) S`vphjìek, lm fmsmfu`sèvujfm hív `hcl`híujfm e`l msu` vkiksk `v lm hplujejvfjwljimsjème z vpv ike`l `vw`fèfkv, im lm fjum, v` s`hkiumi m lmvksèbì`v, wsjh`smvmpi}p` eêfmemv vjblk ^^ z fkhk }p` v`hìfjk( `~wmi( eì m wmsujs e` lm eêfmem e` lkv v`vìum, fpmiek lmv wkvjcjljeme`v uêfijfmv e` hmijwplmfjöi z wskepffjöi e`l vkijek wpèì mvkfjmsv` hív dífjlhìu` m lmv jivumlmfjki`v k lmv `vfplupsmv) @v jhwksumiu` nmf`s êidmvjv ì lmv ejvujifjki`v }p` `vukv mpuks`v hmij( `vumi ìus` lm hÿvjfm z lmv msu`v tjvpml`v? vkcsùkek lm je`m e` }p` ì `l msu` vkiksk v` ujì` pim `~w`sjìfjm e` lm epsmfjöi ik om, ukumlhìu` ejd`( sìu` e` lkv fkifj`sukv) Z e` vp lkfmljmfjöi `vw`fjml, k lpbms e` s`mljmfjöi? lm vmlm e` fkifj`sukv `v ukumlhìu` moìm m `vumv hmijd`vumfjki`v) M `vu` s`vw`fuk z fkiujipmiek fki `l msuèfplk e` B`ksb Al`jiv, `vu` fki( vje`sm }p` ì `l msu` ì bì`sml lm hÿvjfm `v u`hwksml z `l msu` vkiksk `v vkcs` `vwmfjk) @i kusk hkhìuk v` ejf` }p` `l vkpie msu vj`hws` ujì` pi fkhwkiìu` tjvpml e`l }p` `l mpejk k lm hÿvjfm fkivujupzì pi fkhwl`( hìuk? “Epsmiu` lm hjume e`l vjblk ^^, `l `vwmfjk v` e`vmsskllö fkhk pim ej( hìvjöi `vuspfupsmcl`) Lkv fkhwkvjuks`v pvmcmi lmv us`v ejhìvjki`v `v( wmfjml`v m vp hmi`sm, w`sk `l `vwmfjk `sm ìuìejek, vkcsùkek, fkhk pi fkif`wuk mcvusmfuk) Ik dp` nmvum }p` `l msu` e` lm jivumlmfjöi v` e`vmsskllö, “Vkpie msu nklev un` ejvujifujki kd c`jib mie msu hkt`hìu unmu jv iku ujè uk m vw`fjf ujh` w`sjke, b`kbsmwnjf lkfmujki ks bskpw kd msujvuv, mie rmv iku imhè mdu`s e`fme`v mdu`s juv `mslj( `vu rksav r`s` wskepfè․))C`sie Vfnpl nmv rsjuuì kd ju mv mi msu dksh․ji rnjfn vkpie nmv c`fmh` hmu`sjml rjunji un` fkiu`~u kd mi `~wmieè fkif`wu kd vfplwups`․dks un` hkvu wmsu rksav unmu ms` vwmf`(vnmwjib mie vwmf`(flmjhjib ji imups`µ.Vfnpl, 3773?=5*) Emtje Ukkw nmv fmllè ju µvkpie fkhcjiè rjun tjvpml msu wsmfujf`vµ .Ukkw, 3777? =72*) Un` blkvvmsz kd un` miunklkbz Mpejk Fplups` e`vfsjc`v ju mv m bì`sml u`sh dks rksav kd msu unmu dkfpv ki vkpie mie ms` kduì wskepfè dks bmll`sz ks hpv`ph jivumllmujkiµ.Fk~ mie Rmsi`s, 3775? 5=0*) Cjll Dkiumim nmv s`d`ssè uk njv vkpie jivumllmujkiv mie s`ml(ujh` usmivhjvvjkiv mv gvkpie vfplwups`vµ cpu unmu u`sh nmv c`ì mw( wljè uk vkpie(wskepfjib tjvpml rksav cz Nmssz C`sukjm, un` Cmvfnù Cskun`sv, mie hmiz kun`sv) Pilja` hpvjf, rnjfn nmv m ~è ujh` epsmujki .pvpmllz fmlfplmuè mskpie m fkif`su wskbsmh` lìbun, ks hks` s`fìulz un` vuksmb` fmwmfjuz kd LW, umw` ks fkhwmfu ejvf dkshmuv*, m vkpie msu wj`f`, lja` m tjvpml msurksa, nmv ik vw`fjè ujh`lji`1 ju fmi c` `~w`sjì fè kt`s m lkib ks vnksu w`sjke kd ujh`, rjunkpu hjvvjib un` c`bjiijib, hjeel` ks ìe)‘ 0

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}p` `l `vwmfjk v` e`vfpcsjö fkhk pim ejhìvjöi fkifsùm, z v` `~wlksö z v` ò`fpuö z wpek me}pjsjs vp wskwjm `vw`fjfjeme, llmhmem µvkijek e`l vjujkµ. Ksuvalmib*)‘.hj usmepffjöi*4 Ukekv `vukv mvw`fukv e`ijuksjkv e` `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv z msu` vkiksk ikv vjstì fkhk cmv` wmsm ìdkfmsikv m fmvkv fkifsùkv e` mwljfmfjki`v fs`mujtmv m êvukv)

Pi ò`hwlk fkifsùk Fkhk pim `~w`sjìfjm eìusk e`l msu` vkiksk, }pj`sk mimljms `l usmcmok e` ekv msujvumv }p` v` nmi `vw`fjmljmek ì jiu`stìfjki`v e` `vwmfjkv wÿ ( cljfkv, fki jivumlmfjki`v }p` jitklpfsmi mpejk, u`fiklkbèm ejbjuml, jiu`siù, wskbsmhmfjöi z ejv`ýk e` nmserms`) Fkl`fujtmhìu` fkikfjekv fkhk Un` Ujlu, lkv msujvumv hìfjkimekv vki Fmslkv Vmiektml z Kksj Vnml`t, e` Hê~jfk ` Jvsm`l, s`vw`fujtmhìu`, fpzk usmcmok v` e`vmsskllm ì tmsjkv wmèv`v) Z }pj`sk fìusmsh` ì pi wskz`fuk `vw`fèfk llmhmek Cmphc`smpvfnì) @vu` wskz`fuk e` jivumlmfjöi v` wskwpvk wmsm pi wms}p` e` lm fjpeme e` C`slèi, “`l wms}p` e` lkv Bsmikv‘, I`pAkll) @vuí lkfmljmek ì pi cmssjk e` flmv` hèjm cmom, }p`wkclmfjöi ì lkv ÿlujhkv mýkv dp` ze`vdmtks`fjek hìu`, fki pim bsmi e` jihjbsmiu`v fki wkfm tjem`fkiöhjfm( fplupsml) Cívjfmhìu`, lm jivumlmfjöi fkivjvu` ì wki`s vìvks`v ì lmv fkwmv e` ekv ísckl`v }p` ml eù`fums `l tjìuk mfujtmi ml`muksjmhìu` vkijekv e` tkf`v k e` w`sfpvjöi, mvè m hmzks dp`sm e`l tjìuk, hmzks mfujtjeme e` vkijekv) Lmv ckfjimv `vuíi umhcjêi ì lm fkwm e` lkv ísckl`v, ejvdsmmemv fkhk nkomv) @vu` wskz`fuk v` fkhpijfm wks jiu`siù fki msckl`v e` kusk wms}p` e` C`slèi, e` uml hmi`sm }p` pik jipz` ì `l kusk) Lm jivumlmfjöi v` wpè` mws`fjms ì ekv tje`kv, }p` me`hív jiflpzì ìus`tjvumv z fkhìumsjkv? “Epsjib un` hje urìujùn fìupsz, vwmf` rmv e`t`lkwè mv m fkhwkvmcl` ejhìvjki) Fkhwkv`sv pvè un` uns`` vwmujml ejhìvjkiv ji un`js kri dmvnjki, cpu vwmf` rmv pie`svukke wsjhmsjlz mv mi mcvusmfu fkif`wu) Ju rmv iku piujl un` e`t`lkwhìu kd vkpie jivumllmujki msu unmu vwmf` rmv ejv( fkt`sè ji m fkifsù` hmii`s, `~wlksè, w`sdkshè ji mie fkple `tì mf}pjs` juv kri vw`fjfjuz,

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fmllè vju`(vkpie .Ksuvalmib*‘)

4:


nuuw?++tjh`k)fkh+=37:636 .vpcuèuplkv ì `vwmýkl* z nuuw?++tjh`k)fkh+:7:3:74 .ì `vwmýkl* Wmsm `vum wkiìfjm, `l hm`vusk Vmiektml fkiu`vuö pi fp`vujkimsjk fpzmv s`vwp`vumv ikv wpèì v`stjs e` ksjìumfjöi s`vw`fuk e` ejfnk wskz`fuk? =) »Fpíl `v lm imljeme e` `vu` wskz`fuk;, »jivumlmfjöi k jiu`stìfjöi; ( Nmf`s }p` lm bìu` }p` tjvjum lm jivumlmfjöi `vfpfn` e` ip`tk, ì b`( i`sml) Ml usmums e` jeìujfms lkv vkijekv e` lm jivumlmfjöi z vpv `tklpfjki`v, wkfk m wkfk `hwj`m m `vfpfnms lkv vkijekv e` lm fjpeme) ( Usmums e` }p` lm imupsml`m v` “jivwjs`‘ ì hjv vkijekv wmsm nmf`s hÿ( vjfm z ik ml fkiusmsjk, zk jivwjsmsh` ì `llm) ( ]p` lm bìu` wpèm nmf`s pim fki`~jöi ìus` msu` imupsml`m z u`fik( lkbèm vji emsv` fpìum) Lm ws`vìfjm e` lkv ísckl`v z lm ejhìvjöi e`l tjìuk pvpmlhìu` v` jhwkiì m lkv mvw`fukv fkivuspfujtkv e` lm jivumlmfjöi) ( Uêfijfmhìu`, `v pim jivumlmfjöi vkiksm “vju` vw`fjf‘) @vuk `v, ej( v`ýmem wmsm vjupmfjki`v fplupsml`v, ms}pju`fuöijfmv, nksujfplupsml`v z `fk( iöhjfmv `vw`fèfmv) V` wsùìe`, ì `l fkif`wuk, }p` v`m pim “fmwjllm e` fkiu`hwlmfjöi vkiksm‘) 3) »@i }pê kusk ujwk e` `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv u` jiu`s`vm usmcmoms z wks }pê; ( Völk ì `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv) Fs`k }p` `vum jivumlmfjöi ik ujì` vìujek ì pim bml`sèm k pim vmlm e` fkifj`sukv) 6) »Fs``v }p` upv wskz`fukv vjhjlms`v ì Hê~jfk nmi uìjek `l hjvhk jhwmfuk }p` ì kuskv wmèv`v; ( Nmi uìjek pi jhwmfuk vjhjlms, w`sk hj `~w`sjìfjm ì Hê~jfk nm vjek hív ìsj}p`fèksm) @l wÿcljfk H`~jfmik `v hív vìvjcl`, hív mcj`suk z h`( ikv wsòpjfjkvk }p` `l wpcljfk Ml`híi) 5) »Wks }pê v` `vfkbjö `l hmu`sjml }p` vpìm ì lmv ckfjimv; »v` wpè` pvms kusk hmu`sjml; @l hmu`sjml vkiksk s`vje` ì lm fkhwpumeksm z wpè` me`fpmsv` m ejt`s( vmv vjupmfjki`v z kcoùjtkv msuèvujfkv k i`f`vjeme`v e` wskepffjöi) M wmsujs e` lmv bsmcmfjki`v v` wpè` nmf`s pi usmcmok e` fs`mfjöi fkl`fujtm fki ij( ýkv, meplukv, ws`vkv, kuskv msujvumv vkikskv) ùfêu`sm)

27


Fkiflpvjki`v Mpi}p` lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv ì Hê~jfk ik v` fjýì fkhwlùmhìu` m lmv e`ijfjki`v hìfjkimemv, lmv wkvjcjljeme`v e` jiu`stìfjöi z hkej( fmfjöi e` `llkv fki imljeme`v fs`mujtmv vki mlumv, vj ikv muì`hkv m lmv `~w`sjìfjmv e`l bspwk Un` Ujlu) E`ve` hj wpiuk e` tjvum, lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv vki s`fjwjìu`v }p` wp`( eì v`s “llìmekv‘ e` fkiuìjekv msuèvujfkv, usmivdkshmekv, fsjujfmekv, s`( `~jkimekv z ekumekv e` pim h`hksjm, e` pim s`vkimifjm k e` pi uj`hwk) Z `v wkvjcl` ukemtèm pujljms `l mpejk z `l vjlìfjk fkhk jiu`stìfjöi, fs`m( fjöi, s`fs`mfjöi, h`hksjm, z fs`mfjöi e` pi `vwmfjk jiu`sik(`~u`sik) Vji `hcmsbk, wms`f` }p` ì Hê~jfk lkv `vwmfjkv wÿcljfkv ujìeì m v`s ji`~jcl`v z `vuíi hmiòmekv wks cpsöfsmumv e` wkfm jhmbjimfjöi, lk }p` ejfplum ìksh`hìu` vp pvk fs`mujtk) Lm wklèujfmv pscmimv `vuíi ejv`ým( emv wmsm cì`fjms e`l pvk e`l mpukhötjl, vpv hùmv vki lmv fmssù`smv z tjmljeme`v }p` wms`fì ìksh`v wmiu`ki`v e` fkifsùk) @i s`vphì, `vu` dmtks`f`s ml mpukhötjl ì w`sopjfjk e`l w`muöi ujì` jhwljfmfjki`v e` flmv` vkfjml? vklmhìu` v` `~jvu` vj v` ujì` fkfn`, wks lk }p` mpukhíujfmhìu` vpv ep`ýkv vki pikv wsjtjl`bjmekv) Ip`vusmv fjpeme`v vki `~usmksejimsjmhìu` spjekvmv, `v ukek pi sùk csjiemsl`v vkijekv, k vjlìfjkv }p` `vuêi ejsjbjekv m lm fkifjìfjm) V`sèm hpz vmlpemcl` }p` v` jiu`stjij`smi `vwmfjkv fkivuspjekv ì ]p`( sêumsk s`fjìu`hìu`) ]pê ujwk e` jiu`stìfjöi z föhk v` hmiòmsèmi lkv fkif`wukv e` spjek z e` vjlìfjk, }pèmi m ejvfpvjöi) @i ÿlujhm jivumifjm, spjek z vjlìfjk wpèì v`s fkhwl`hìumsjkv k ekv wklkv e` pi hjvhk fkif`wuk) Lm `}pjtmlìfjm spjek(vjlìfjk `v pik e` lkv sùkv e` lm `~wlksmfjöi msuèvujfm mfupml)

2=


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Dkiumim, Cjll)Almibvaplwupsì Vkpie Vfplwups`v) Hpv`ph Lperjb, 3777) Nmc`shmv, Oüsbì) L‚`vwmf` Wpcljf ( Msfnêklkbj` E` Lm Wpcljfjuê Fkhh` Ejhìvjki Fkivujupujt` E` Lm Vkfjêuê Ckpsb`kjv`) @e) Wmzku, =::2) N`bmsuz, Wmpl) Ikjv`+Hpvjf? M Njvuksz) @e) Fkiujipph, 3772) Amni, E) Ikjv`, Rmu`s, H`mu) Fmhcsjeb`, HM? HJU Ws`vv) =:::) Amjv`s, Mlmi) Skhmi Pscmi Vus`ù Iùrksav? Vus`ùv mie un` Ksbmijmujki kd Vwmf` ji Dkps Fjuj`v) Skpulèb` Vupej`v ji Msfnm`klkbz, Skpulèb`) 37==) Amiu, Jhhmip`l) Kcsm Fkhwlùm) Fmsukiê) Cjcljku`fm e` Bsmie`v Wìvm( eks`v) Hmesje? @ejuksjml Bsèkv) Tklphì J q37=7, JVCI :2>(>5(35:(7532(3x Tklphì JJ q37=7, JVCI :2>(>5(35:(7>>7(0x Al`ji, B`ksb) Dskh un` Vkpie Jivumllmujki uk un` Vkpie Vjupmujki) Ki hz rksa usmivjujki ‖ C`slji opifujki) @ji` Almibvjupmujki) Ksbmijvè Vkpie, ik) =3 JVVI =600(22=4, Fmhcsjeb` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv 377>) (((( Piu`s ds`j`h Njhh`l) Ji F) Cspvul`, H) S`cvukfa, N) Vfnpl` .èv)* C`slji Vkfjùz kd I`r Hpvjf Z`msckka? Hpvjf | Wkljujfv) Vmmscspfaì? Wdmp) 3776 (((( “Vwmiipibvsm® ph`) @jijb` P® c`sl`bpibì ph Smphc`bsj ji e`s

Almibapivu .Ms`mv kd Uìvjki) V`t`sml Unkpbnuv ki un` Fkif`wu kd Vwmf` ji Vkpie Msu*) Ji B) Impfa .è)* Wkvjujkiì Ik) 05) Hp® nlìc`fa? Wkvjujkiì) 3776 (((( Jiu`smfujt` Tmsjmujki? Ki un` s`lmujtjuz kd vkpie mie hkt`hìu ji „usmi( vjujki‚ mie „USMVM‚) Ji F) Hmniakwd .è)* @l`fuskijfv ji I`r Hpvjf) N`je`l( c`sb? Rkla`) I`pcmps, F) 3773) Ljfnu, Mlmi) Vkpie Msu? C`zkie Hpvjf, C`zkie Fmu`bksj`v) I`r Zksa? Sj( klj) 3772) Ksbmijè Vkpie ik) =5 JVVI =600(22=>, Fmhcsjeb` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, Ki Vkijf Msu, Mwsjl 377:) ( Fk~, Fnsjvukwn) Vkpie Msu mie un` Vkijf Pifkivfjkpv ( Al`ji, B`ksb) Vju`(Vkpiev? Ki vusmu`bj`v kd vkpie msu ji wpcljf vwmf` ( Ljfnu, Mlmi) Vkpie Msu? Ksjbjiv, e`t`lkwhìuv mie mhcjbpjuj`v) Vmiektml, Fmslkv) nuuw?++rrr)fmslkv(vmiektml)e`+ Ujlu) nuuw?++rrr)un`(ujlu)fkh+ Ukkw, Emtje .fkiusjcpuks*) Vkijf Wskf`vv) @e) Mfums, 3776)

23

Ml op`bk e`l vjlìfjk, ì lm `vuêujfm e`l msu` jidkshmljvum Klbm Umnujmim Fk} Víifn` Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

@l vkijek `vìfjml e`l tmfèk @l ejvfèwplk v` mf`sfm ml hm`vusk z l` ws`bpium? »Fpíl `v `l vkijek `vìfjml e`l tmfèk; @l hm`vusk l` s`vwkie`? »Fpíl `v `l vkijek `vìfjml e`l tmfèk; (Pvuè `v `l hm`vusk) Zk ik fkikfk lm s`vwp`vum) ¡Wks `vk l` ws`bpiuk@l hm`vusk l` em pi bklw`fjuk ì lm fmc`m) @l ejvfèwplk `vuí jlphjimek=) @i vp u`~uk “Lm `vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk‘, Vpvmi Vkiumb zm ikv metj`su`?

“Fmem êwkfm e`c` s`jitìums wmsm vè hjvhm `l wskz`fuk e` „`vwjsjupmljeme‚ Q`vum ìuìejem fkhkX lkv wlmi`v z lmv ikshmv e` fkiepfum, ìfmhjimemv m s`vklt`s lmv fkiusmejffjki`v `vuspfupsml`v jin`sìu`v m lm vjupmfjöi nphmim, m lm fkivphmfjöi e` lm fkifjìfjm z m lm usmvfìeìfjm hjvhm‘3) @i lk miu`sjks, umhcjêi ikv nmf` ikums }p` wmsm fki ip`vusm hke`sijeme ÿlujhm, pim e` lmv hùídksmv hív vkfkssjemv ì lm fkivuspffjöi e` `vu` wskz`fuk `vwjsj( upml, nm vjek e`wkvjumem ì `l msu`) @vum wskwìvjöi, m vp t`, lm ìfkiusmhkv wskdpiemhìu` mssmjbmem z `tjeìu` ì fmiujeme e` lmv hív jhwksumiu`v uìeìfjmv `vuêujfmv z wlív( @vumhkv dsìu` m pim njvuksjm usmejfjkiml ì, fpzm emumfjöi ji`~mfum wpè` vjupmsikv mlsèèks e` lkv vjblkv ^JJ z ^J M)F1 ì lkv miml`v e` lm ejimvuèm _nk) Êvum njvuksjm nmf` njifmwjê ì lk }p` ì `l ìjvhk vp`l` fkikf`sv` fkhk `l Aìk z `l Vmuksj1 hkhìukv e` jlphjimfjöi z e` hkej( fmfjöi e` lkv hke`lkv e` wìvmhjìuk) H` w`shjuk usmivfsjcjs m fkiujipmfjöi, lm jiu`swsùmfjöi }p` ikv wskwksfjkim Mlòmiesk Okekskrvaz ì uksik m êvum njvuksjm ì vp wskwjm fkhwjlmfjöi, “Lm vmcjepsèm e` lkv fnjvu`v‘? “@l hm`vusk nm eòmek e` jeìujfmsv` fki vp `bk, v` nm mcmiekimek ml tmfèk, ml vjlìfjk jiu`sjks) @l ÿijfk spjek }p` ì `v` jivumiu` s`vpìm ì vp tmfpjeme `v lm ws`( bpium e`l ejvfèwplk) Êvu` ukhm lm s`vwp`vum e`l hm`vusk fkhk pim ws`bpium ejsjbjem m vp jiu`l`fuk, vji emsv` fpìum e` }p` lk ÿijfk }p` m}p`l nmf` `v jhjumslk)„¡Pvuè `v `l hm`vusk) Zk ik fkikfk lm s`vwp`vum) ¡Wks `vk l` ws`bpiuk-‚ S`vwp`vum mcvpsem? `l hm`vusk ik nm }p`sjek wlmiu`msl` pim ws`bpium1 nm jhjumek `l spjek e` vpv wmlmcsmv, e`vwkoíieklmv e` ukek fkiuìjek) @l ejvfèwplk }pj( `s` kcuì`s fkif`wukv1 ik sìpifjm m vp cÿv}pèm jiu`l`fupml) Ml emsl` pi bklw`fjuk ì lm fmc`m, =

`l hm`vusk jiu`ssphw` `l pok t`scml) @i `l `vwmfjk e` pi jivumiu`, `l `vwèsjup v` }pèm tmfèk e`

wmlmcsmv) Djimlhìu` `l ejvfèwplk fkhwsìe`) @l hm`vusk zm ik `v imej`) @l kusk, `l hpiek, `v `l vkijek `vìfjml e` vp tmfèk) Fpmiek `l zk eòm e` `~jvujs, `l hpiek `~jvu`‘) Okekskrvaz Mlòmiesk) Lm vmcjepsèm e` lkv fnjvu`v) Njvuksjmv jijfjíujfmv) Hê~jfk) E`cklvjllk) 3775) w) 370) 3Vpvmi Vkiumb) @vujlkv smejfml`v) @vwmým) Hpfnija @ejuks`v) =:4:)w)==

26

Ml op`bk e`l vjlìfjk,

ujfmv, s`ws`vìumujtmv e` ip`vusm hke`sijeme fkiu`hwksíi`m) @vw`fèfm( hìu` z fkhk cmlpmsu` e` lkv hktjhjìukv e` tmibpmsejm, wke`hkv pcj( fms eìusk e` `vum ejs`fusj, m lm wjiupsm mcvusmfum 6) Lm hke`sijeme, hív mllí e` pim ws`vpium v`fplmsjmfjöi wskbs`vjtm z lmjfm ì fmvj lm ukumljeme e` vpv fmhwkv, nm ìfkiusmek lm msujfplmfjöi e` vp `vwjsjupmljeme, jiusèiv`fm m vp fkivujupfjöi hjvhm1 wmsmdsmv`miek m B`ksb Bmemh`s? “Lm hke`sijeme ik dp` ìukif`v pim êwkfm fkhwlùmhì( u` v`fplmsjmem) @v hív lm w`swùpmfjöi e` lkhèjmiu` s`ljbjkvk)fkif`wukv, @v mlbk }p`vjik ik v` wpè` ukfms) Ik `v lkcjì s`ljbjkvk }p` v` `~ws`vm ws`fjvmhìu` `vk }p` m pik lk nmf` ìhpe`f`s) Vp dkshm e` `~ws`vjöi? `l fmllms, `l fmllms․‘5 @l vjvu`híujfk wlmiu`mhjìuk e` lm fpmljeme e` lm mcvusmffjöi ì `l msu`, wmsujfplmshìu` fkhk s`fjwjìemsjk e` tmlks`v z vjbijfmekv `vwjsjupml`v wskdpiekv lk wke`hkv smvus`ms ì pim tmvum bêi`vjv }p` jiflpjsèm lmv kcsmv e` Rjln`lh Rkssjib`s, Dsjèsjfn Rjln`lh Okv`wn Tki Vfn`lljib z B`ksb Rjl( n`jh Dsjèsjfn N`b`l, ìus` lkv hív vkcs`vmljìu`v) Jiflpvk s`vplum mws`fjm( cl`, eìusk e` `vum hjvhm fkssjìu` e` wìvmhjìuk, `l hùmejvfpsvk ì uksik ml `vwèsjup, z `l e` lm fkifjìfjm ì cpvfm e` vp wskwjk fkikfjhjìuk1 `vukv, }p` ik völk v` ikv hp`vusmi ws`vukv m hke`lms `l wìvmhjìuk e`l Vkcs` `l hpujvhk `vw`fusml, `tjeìu` ì lm wsmfujfm wjfuösjfm }p` tm e`ve` `l wkvjhws`vjkijvhk, nmvum lm mcvusmffjöi ÿlujhm, Msikle B`nlì ikv wmsujfjwm? “@v `l vjbijfmek ji}p`csmiumcl` e` pi fpmesk, vp vìujek e` kcoùk, lk }p` l` nmf` v`s mlbk }p` nmcl`) @v fmhcjk, pi ksimhìuk tmfjmek 6

e` vìujek `vuíi `v w`sd`fumhìu` hpek) Mlbk e`l }p`nmclm, `vum hpe` jssphw`wpèì ì `l fpmesk Lkv fpmeskv mcvusmfukv fkhwlùmhìu` wsjtmekv ìhpe`fjekv, jssmejms.․* ejs`fumhìu` pi vjlìfjk kwsjhìu`, jbpml }p` lkv e` Hkiesjmi‘)M `vum ejvfpsvjtm e` lm mcvusmffjöi e`ve` `l vjivìujek z `l vjlìfjk, Bmemh`s kwkiesí? “@ihpe`f`s ik vjbijfm ik uì`s imem }p` e`fjs) Ml fkiusmsjk? fmllms `v pi hkek e` nmclms) @i ml`híi lm wmlmcsm „hpek‚ .vuphh* bpmsem s`lmfjöi fki kusm wmlmcsm? umsumhpe`ms, cmlcpf`ms .vumhh`li*1 z `v }p`, t`seme`smhìu`, lm wmuêujfm hjv`sjm e`l cmlcpf`k ik fkivjvu` ì }p` `l }p` cmlcpf`m ik uìbm imem }p` e`fjs, vjik, hív cjì, ì }p` }pjvj`sm e`fjs hpfnmv fkvmv m lm t`, e`hmvjmemv, z ì tjvum e` lm mws`hjmiu` wlêuksm e` lk }p` nmcsèm }p` e`fjs, ik ìfpìusm lmv wmlmcsmv) Z fpmiek e`fjhkv }p` mlbpjì ìhpe`f` ik }p`s( `hkv e`fjs vklmhìu` }p` f`v` e` nmclms) Ml ìhpe`f`s, lk }p` ujì` }p` v`s ejfnk v` ikv mf`sfm fkhk mlbk wmsm lk fpml `vumhkv cpvfmiek wmlmcsmv ip`tmv) Vj v` s`fp`sem lm vpiupkvm z fklksjem `lkfpìfjm e` lkv uj`hwkv flívjfkv e` lm wjiupsm, }p` fki umium flmsjeme z sj}p`m s`vpìm wmsm ikvkuskv ì lmv wmsè`v e` ip`vuskv hpv`kv, z lp`bk v` fkiu`hwlm `l fs`ms wlívujfk e`l ws`vìu`, v` ujì`, e` n`fnk, pim jhws`vjöi e` }p` ìhpe`f`, z v` mcs` wmvk lm ws`bpium e` föhk v` nm ll`bmek m `vu` ìhpe`f`s e`l fpmesk hke`sik, }p` ikv mvmlum fki pim `lkfpìfjm wskwjm, vjlìfjkvm‘ Bmemh`s Nmiv( B`ksb) @vuêujfm z n`shìêpujfm) Hmesje) U`fikv) =::>) Ww)336(360) 5Nmiv(B`ksb Bmemh`s, z Vjltjk Tjùum) N`shìêpujfm e` lm hke`sijeme) Hmesje) Uskuum) 3775) w)>0

25

@i lm `vuêujfm e`l msu` jidkshmljvum

skhmiujfjvhk, vjik }p` w`sh`msíi fkivje`smcl`hìu` m lm fkif`wfjöi e`l msu` ì lm hke`sijeme) @i lk }p` v`sí lm fkivuspffjöi e` lm mcvusmffjöi ì `l msu`, fkif`cjem epsmiu` `vum êwkfm, ìfkiusms`hkv fkhk fkiejfjöi mws`hjmiu` `l `vums jhcpjek e` pim fj`sum uìeìfjm e` fksu` wvè}pjfk(`vwjsjupml, mwsìvjcl` ì vpv fkiuìjekv1 `vukv ÿlujhkv, e` lkv fpml`v v` fkivje`smcm, }p` ì vp imupsml`m pijt`svml, v`sèmi mhwljmhìu` mvjhjlmcl`v z mv`}pjcl`v wks vp wpcljfk `vw`fumeks) Fkiejfjöi }p` ml e`tìjs e` `vum ì lm wlív( ujfm .ì pi wsjh`s hkhìuk ukumlhìu` wjfuösjfm, wmsmuìeìfjm wkvu`sjkshìu` mf( fè`s m fmiujeme e` hèjkv e` fs`mfjöi msuèvujfm* fkiujipmsèm fjhìumiek vpv ws`vpwp`vukv ì lk }p` hív umse` Vkiumb ìpifjmsí fkhk lm “`vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk‘) Umiuk ì lm wskwp`vum e` êvum1 ì vp mws`fjmfjöi `vuêujfm e` lm wlívujfm mcvusmffjkijvum, z wkvu`sjkshìu` e` lm kcsm mcvusmfum jidkshml z lm s`vw`fujtm lmcks e` êvum uìeìfjm, ì lm fkivuspffjöi e`l wskz`fuk `vwjsj( upml e` lm hke`sijeme, v`síi lkv ò`v wsjifjwml`v e`l ws`vìu` ejvfpsvk) Lm fkivuspffjöi hjvhm e` lm kcsm mcvusmfum jidkshmljvum ì `l msu` e` lm hke`sijeme, mcs`tmsèm `vìfjmlhìu` ì `vum mws`fjmcl` i`f`vjeme e` vj( lìfjk wskwp`vum wks ip`vusm mpuksm, ì fmiujeme e` t`sujìu`v1 umiuk ì lm `ljhjimfjöi wskbs`vjtm e` lm jhmbì z+k `l kcoùk .ì vp mf`wfjöi ksukek~m “vpvujupzìek lm jiuìfjöi wks `l mms z lm cÿv}pèm e`l vjlìfjk‘ 0*1 fkhk ì `vum w`sujim s`vjvuìfjm m fkhpijfms (fkhÿi ml msu` e` ip`vusm hke`sij( eme(1 wmsujfplmshìu` mws`fjmcl` ì `l dìöhìk e` e`fkivuspffjöi 4 }p` Vkiumb) Kw)fju) w)=3 Vj cjì `l u`shjik “E`fkivuspffjöi‘ v` e`c` ì wsjh`sm jivumifjm m lm ejvfpsvjtm e`vmsskllmem wks N`je`bb`s ì uksik m lm e`vuspffjöi hjvhm, me}pj`s` vp vjbijfmek mfupml ì lm sùösjfm e` O) E`s ( sjem ml nmf`s wsjh`smhìu` s`d`sìfjm ml usmumhjìuk s``~jtk mwljfmek vkcs` fmiujeme e` u`~ukv e` lm usmejfjöi lkvöfm, z }p` wkvu`sjkshìu` v` nmsí `~uìvjtk ml usmumhjìuk e`l u`~uk ì bì( `sml, .wmsujfplmshìu` lju`smsjkv*) Lm e`fkivuspffjöi ì vè hjvhm `v ìuìejem fkhk pi wskfè`s wsmfujfk z `vusmuêbjfk }p` mlpe` m lm s``~jöi jihjiìu` z i`f`vmsjm } p` `v `d`fupmem ml mffè`s .z mwskwjms* pi u`~uk) @l dìöhìk e` e`fkivuspffjöi1 wsùìe` `l skhwjhjìuk e` `vuspfupsmv mi}pjlkvmemv z lm fkhwskcmfjöi e` lm fkiusmejffjöi jiu`sim e` lmv o`sms}pèmv fkif`wupml`v `vum( cl`fjemv ` jiuìum usmivbsèjs `l lèhju` e` lkv ejvfpsvkv usmejfjkiml`v hèjmiu` lm jiuskepffjöi e` ip`tkv fkif`wukv) Lm e`fkivuspffjöi ml wsmfujfmsv` ì uk ekv lkv íhcjukv e` lm lkvkdèm m w`sh`m ek e` dkshm wmsujfplmshìu` jhwksumiu` ml íhcjuk e`l msu` wks hèjk e` lm `vuêujfm1 e` hmi`sm wmsuj( fplmshìu` vjbijfmujtm ì `l ís`m e` lm ms}pju`fupsm ` jbpmlhìu` wks lkv u`ösjfkv e` lm lju`smupsm iksu`mh`sjfmim e` lm Zml` vfnkkl, jivumpsmiek `l u`~uk lju`smsjk fkhk ò`hwlk wmsmejbhíujfk e` lm u`vjv e` E`ssjem v`bÿi lm fpml ijibÿi u`~uk .mcs`tmiek e` m}pè lmv wsmfujfmv `vuêujfmv }p` nmi emek ì ukhms lm wj`m msuèvujfm fkhk pi ò`hwlk wmsujfplms e` u`~uk, `vw`fjmlhìu` wkljv`hjfk* dpifjkim ljcs` e` fkiusmejffjki`v, vjik }p` `v hkujtmek wks jiuìfjki`v kwp`vumv, ml mscjusjk e` pim mhcjbüème fs`vm, fpzm fmwmfjeme wkljvêhjfmv zm v` wkie`sm ì Kcsm mcj`sum e` Phc`suk 0 4

@fk, dìöhìk cmok `l fpml ml iml `l u`~uk u`shjimsèm mpuke`fkivuspzìekv`) .Nìfahmii Rkl(

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êvu` wsífujfm ìuksik, umiuk m lm `vuêujfm, fkhk m lm lkvkdèm, z lm wsmfujfm e`l `vku`sjvhk2 (ìus` kuskv(1 fkhk ml dìöhìk e` s`f`wfjöi lÿejfk wskwj( fjmek ì lm `~w`sjìfjm e` vp `vw`fumeks(1 Z wks hèjk e` lm fpml jijib` z v` mpukjijib`, pi hpz wmsujfplms hkek e` tjklìfjm, sì`bmiek e` lm lmcks e` vp imupsml`m hjvhm, ml kwums wks `tmejs êvum fpmljeme fmsmfu`sèvujfm( hìu` wskwjm) Djimlhìu`, ì êvum wkie`smfjöi e`l vjlìfjk, ìfkiusmhkv `l cmvujhìuk e` lk }p` wsùìe` `sjbjsv` ì êvu` ip`tk `vumek e` fkifjì( fjm, ml wskwki`sikv pi msu` e` mcvksfjöi z ejlpfjemfjöi fpzm wmsujfplmsjeme z ò`sfjfjk e` s``~jöi s`vjej`v` ì lk fkhwlòk, ì lk“ejdèfjl‘) @i `vumv t`sujìu`v, ìuìejemv fkhk ejiíhjfmv e` fs`mfjöi, kcv`stm( hkv jbpmlhìu` mevfsjcjsv` lm `vuêujfm e`l jidkshmljvhk e` lmv hmi`smv hív ejt`svmv1 @vw`fjmlhìu` `tjeìu` ikv s`vplumsí umiuk êvum e`vmwmsjfjöi e` lm bpsm fkhk lm vpcv`fpìu` ejlpfjöi e` lm jhmbì usmejfjkiml .lm `~ì( fjöi e` lm hjh`vjv tjvpml ì lm kcsm msuèvujfm, usmv lm kljbms}pèm hmij`vum e` lm hjvhm ì `vu` hèjk*1 zm `~wlèfjum ì mlbpimv e` lmv hív jhwksumiu`v kcsmv e`l vpws`hmujvhk, uml`v fkhk “clmifk vkcs` clmifk‘ k `l “fpmesmek i`bsk‘ e` Amvjhjs Hmlêtjfn1 z e`l wkvu`sjkshìu` e`vmsskllmek vpss`mljv( hk, zm dp`v` mcvklpuk k jiflpvk t`sjvum1 wmuìu` ì lm kcsm e` Sìê Hm( bsjuu`, “`l `vwòk híbjfk‘ z “`l pvk e` lm wmlmcsm‘) Hív mÿi, ml ìuìe`s ì vpv ksèbì`v m lm wlívujfm jidkshmljvum fkhk s`fnmk ` jiflpvk eìpifjm e`l `v}p`hm z e`l b`khùsjvhk jhw`smiu`, ì `l msu` wjfuösjfk e` iml`v e` lm eêfmem e` lkv fpmsìum) Cmok `vum lp, wmuìu` e`tjì` mnksm lm mevfsjwfjöi e`l mms ì lkv wskf`vkv fkibpsmujtkv e` lm kcsm e` msu` s`vplumiek mhckv `vusmu`bjmv ì wkv e`l vjlìfjmhjìuk wskbs`vjtk e` lmv hjvhmv) @v tmvuk `l fkhwìejk e` kcsmv jidkshml`v }p` ws`vumi u`vujhkijml vk( cs` `vukv dìöhìkv e` jih`svjöi ì `l mms z `l têsujbk wskwjfjmek wks dnmsu, Lkuu`s Akisme) Ejffjkimsjk e` `vuêujfm) Cmsf`lkim) Bsjomlck Hkiemeksj) =::>) w)4:)* Mvè hjvhk, m `vum ejvfpsvjtm e` lm e`fkivuspffjöi ì `l u`~uk wjfuösjfk, Cmpesjllmse fkiusjcpjsí m vp t` ml wskwki`slk fkhk “dkshm e` `vfmw`‘ m lmv ws`vpiumv usmhwmv e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi? “wks vp e`fkivuspffjöi jiu`shjimcl`, ekie` Lm wjiupsm ik f`vm e` hjsmsv` hksjs ì lkv wèmkv e`l `vwòk, vji wsòpjfjk e` s`fkhwki`s mlbk e`vwpêv fki vpv s`vukv1 vj`hws` ì fkiusme`wìeìfjm Cmpesjllmse O`mi) @l e` lm vjbijfmfjöi w`sejem, vj`hws` fmsìu`v e` pi s`òk k e` pim njvuksjm‘ fkhwlku e`l msu`) Jlpvjöi z e`vjlpvjöi `vuêujfmv) Msbìujim) Mhkssksup) 3772) w)56) 2Nmcs`hkv e` s`fksems }p` ì lkv ksèbì`v e`l msu` mcvusmfuk e` ip`vusm hke`sijeme ÿlujhm1 pi wlmiu`mhjìuk fkhÿi ì lm kcsm e` vpv wsjh`skv msuèf`v s`vjeèm ì lm lmcks `vwjsjupml .zm hìfjk( imem* e`l msu`) Ik `v e` `~usmýms }p` ì vp hpujvhk (mvm mf`sujok, mvm tmfèk ( v` s`fpssj`sm m lm lkvkdèm z wlmiu`mhjìukv e` fmiujeme e` hktjhjìukv e` fksu` `vkuêsjfk `h`sbìu`v ì lm êwkfm, ìus` `llkv lkv hmv e`vumfmekv, z hìfjkimcl`v emem vp wmuìu` jipìfjm ì lm kcsm e` mlbpikv e` lkv hív jhwksumiu`v msujvumv e` êvum tmibpmsejm s`vplumi umiuk `l hktjhjìuk u`kvöfk .e` @lìm Clmtmuvaz*, z lm miuskwkvkdèm .e` Spekld Vu`ji`s*)

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hèjk e` lm tjvpmljeme `~pc`smiu` wskepfuk e` pi wskf`vk wjfuösjfk `v( w`fèfk, z pcjfpk ml hjvhk1 mckfmekv ml e`vtmi`fjhjìuk e` lm jhmbì) @o`hwlms`v ì `llk, vkcs`tjìì lkv ejd`sìu`v hktjhjìukv e` fksu` jidks( hml e`vmsskllmekv m lk lmsbk e`l w`sjkek }p` fkhwsìe` lmv wkvusjh`sèmv e` lm eêfmem e` lkv fpmsìum, `~uìejêiekv` nmvum hèjmekv e` lm eêfmem e`l v`vìum1 e` dkshm miílkbm z, ml wms`f`s vjifsöijfm ì @pskwm, Omwöi z @vumekv Pijekv, wsjifjwmlhìu`) Bkmiek e` wmsujfplms jhwksumifjm `l `~( ws`vjkijvhk mcvusmfuk .wskfpsmek ì vp e`vmsskllk wks fsèujfkv e` lm umllm e` Nmskle Skvìc`sb z Fl`hìu Bs`ìc`sb*, lm mcvusmffjöi lèsjfm, `l msu` kusk, z `l jidkshmljvhk .m vp t`, wskwp`vukv wks B`ksb Hmunj`p, z Hjfn`l Umwì`*, `l umfnjvhk, z lm wjiupsm vèbijfm) Z bspwkv `vw`fèfkv uml`v fkhk Emp ml vù, `l wmvk, fkcsm, `l bspwk e` bpumj, lkv oötì`v wjiuks`v vmltmo`v, `l hktjhjìuk ipfl`ms , `l hktjhjìuk ìjvum z `l ksjbji` >) Ml ejlpjsv` lm bpsm, lm v`hjkvjv fkhÿi m lm wj`m wjfuösjfm, i`f`vmsjmhì( u` fkhjìm m fkcsms pim ip`tm ejhìvjöi z usmvfìeìfjm) @vum sùjfìfjm m fkhpijfms jifphc` ik vklmhìu` m lm jhcsjfmem sè e` fsjwukbsmdèmv ÿij( fmv ` jss`wskepfjcl`v, fmsmfu`sèvujfmv e`l msu` jidkshml z e` lm sùösjfm e` lm kcsm mcj`sum, fmem wj`m e`tìesí ì pijt`svk w`svkiml e` vè hjvhm, mpuk( ss`d`sìfjml ` jieù`shjimem:, ì `l mfuk `tjeìu` e` wpljem tjklìfjm }p` Amsl Spnsc`sb) Msu` e`l vjblk ^^) @vwmým) Umvfnì) 377=) Ww) 305(32> z 4>3(>6=) S`fksemiek lk wskwp`vuk ì lm ejvfpsvjtm e` Phc`suk @fk, ì vpv kcsmv, “lkv lèhju`v e` lm ji( u`swsùmfjöi‘ z “Kcsm mcj`sum‘1 v`sí `vw`fjmlhìu` ì êvum, ekie` ip`vusk mpuks emsí ì pcjfms mlbpimv e` lmv `vusmu`bjmv e` s`f`wfjöi e` ip`vusk msu` ÿlujhk, pcjfmiek mvè lkv hkekv e` wskfè`s > :

dsìu` m lm wj`m, umiuk e` wÿcljfk s`f`wuks .ì vp o`sbm? pvpmsjk* fkhk e`l msujvum, }pjì v`sí pcjfm( ek mnksm fkhk s`f`wuks wsjhmsjk e` lm kcsm, muìejìek m}pè ml dìöhìk e` ejílkbk fki lm wj`m }p` vpvuìum jbpmlhìu` ip`vusk fkif`wuk e` op`bk ì `l msu`) Wmsm @fk, `l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k v` t` ì lm i`f`vjeme e` fkiums fki pi ws`vpwp`vuk e`vkseì, ì fpmiuk m lk }p` e`tìèmi lkv fíiki`v z lji`mhjìukv e` pi msu` fpzk dìöhìk fkhpijfmujtk muìeèm ml cms`hk e` pi ws`vpwp`vuk fö( ejbk vjbijfmiu` `vumcl`fjek1 wmsm @fk, `l dìöhìk e`l e`vkseì ì `l msu` e`tjì` wkvjujtk z d`fpiek, vjiukhíujfk e` lm êwkfm) Mvè hjvhk, ik `v `~flpvjtk e` lm kcsm msuèvujfm hke`sim? “Lm mwsùpsm ìuìejem fkhk dpiemhìuml mhcjbüème e`l hìvmo` msuèvujfk, `v pim fkivumiu` e` ukem kcsm ì ukek uj`hwk‘)Vjbpjìek vp ejvfpsvk, jbpmlhìu` ukwms`hkv fki `vum s`lmfjöi _ìjvhk( jidkshmljvhk (e` lm fpml wmsu` `l ws`vìu` u`~uk(, ml pcjfms ì vp `vìfjml mw`supsm, êvu` hpujvhk dpiemhìuml }p` v`ýks`m lmv kcsmv fjhìumemv ì êvum mwmsìu` s`vjvuìfjm ml mfuk e` fkhpijfms, z }p` v` ikv wskwki` fkhk pi mfuk e` mpukfkifjìfjm e` lkv hjvhkv msujvumv }p` usmjfjkimi ì `l hjvhk tkfmcplmsjk }p` pujljmi wmsm lmv e`flmsmfjki`v e` vp wkêujfm, lmv jipìfjmv fplupsml`v

miu` lmv fpml`v s`mffjkimi1 @fk ik wpè` khjujs pim s``~jöi ì uksik m lm ws`vìfjm e` `vu` `wjdìöhìk ì lm `vfìm msuèvujfm e`l vjblk ^^, z em ì fkivje`sms lm ws`vìfjm e`l ìjvhk ì lm wlívujfm e`l msu` jidkshmljvum z ì lm fplupsm bì`sml ì fpmiuk “jitjumfjöi m mehjujs êvum mf`w( umfjöi Qlm jifmwmfjeme e` e`ijs `l hpiek, hmiuìjìek ì êl lèhju`v fmsu`vjmikvX sìpifjmiek m @fk Phc`suk) Kcsm lkv höeplkv löbjfkv z s`mljmiek völk ukhmv e` fkiumfuk ejs`fuk fki lm tjem‘) mcj`sum) Hê~jfk) Wlmiùm) =:>5 Ww)52(334)

22


pim wj`m msuèvujfm e` `vu` fmsífu`s fkhù` wmsm fki vpv wmsujfjw`v) @vu` hpujvhk, m lm t` wsktkfmfjöi z wmsujfplms ìvjhjvhmhjìuk ì `l msu`, e`( tjì` mvè ì pim e` lmv hív vkfkssjemv `vusmu`bjmv e` muìfjöi z wmsujfjwm( fjöi wks wmsu` e`l hjvhk1 ì umiuk }p`? ik nmz imem hív vjbijfmujtk }p` pi u`~uk }p` mshm vp wskwjk ejtksfjk e` vìujek=71 fkihjiíiekikv mnksm, nm me}pjsjs fkifjìfjm e` lm jhwksumifjm }p` fkcsmsí `l ò`sfjfjk n`shìêpujfk ì lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` `vum t`sujìu` wlívujfm) M i`vusmu`bjmv e` `~wljfjums `vum uìeìfjm, usm`s m fklmfjöilmlmv ejd`( sìu`v wlívujfmv `tjeìu`v h` ì lmbpvumsèm wskdpiem wms}pème, b`vupm( ljeme `hjiìu`, z pi wmsujfplms kvusmfjvhk, tjbìu`v ì lm kcsm e` Miukij Uíwj`v, `vw`fèfmhìu` ì vpv “hpskv‘ .Umwè`v, ì vp u`~uk “@l msu` fkiusm lm `vuêujfm‘, ikv fkhwmsujsí lm h`llm }p` êvukv `l`hìukv ms}pju`fuöijfkv eòmsmi ì êl) Lkv hpskv ì vp kcsm wlívujfm v` fkivujupzì ì `l`hìuk vjlìu`, s`fksumek z hpek, hmij`vuk ì lmv k}pème`v e` pim Fmumlpým ì bp`ssm) V` nmf` ws`vìu` ì lkv hísbì`v e` vp fjpeme z vp njvuksjm, fkiv( ujupzêiekvìkv mnksm dpiemfjkiml wmsmekom, ml dsmbks e`l bsmvhk, `l fmv( fku` z lm hùsmllm, lmuìu`v ì vp fs`mfjöi msuèvujfm*1 imupsml`m fkhwmsujem wks lmv “Nmpu`v wãu`v‘ .“wmvumv mlumv‘*, z wks “L`v kumb`v‘ .Lkv s`nì`v* e` O`mi Dmpusj`s, ì vp fmsífu`s vjlìu`, n`shêujfk ` ji}pjùmiu`) Ikv nmf` wmsuèfjw`v, m vp t`, e` fj`sum ejhìvjöi pijt`svml z miöijhm, vpv u`~upsmv wms`fj`smi w`se`sv` ì lm tmvuème e` pi uj`hwk wsùêsjuk) Ukvfmv z spej( hìumsjmv, m lm t` vpujl`v z csjllmiu`v, wms`fì kcoùkv imupsml`v w`sejekv ì lkv vjbijfmiu`v e` pim f`su`m ejdpvm) @vum vìvjcl` ji}pjùpe e` wkvbp`ssm ìfkiusmsí s`t`sc`smfjöi m vp t` ì `l usmcmok `~w`sjhìuml e` Mlc`suk Cpssj) Vp wjiupsm, m lm t` tìemo` z n`sjem, dkshm fkivuspfujtm z vp ejvklpfjöi e`vuspfujtm==, usmvfìe`sí fpml( }pj`s ljie` jhwp`vuk m lm jiuìfjöi e` e`ljhjums lm vìvjcjljeme e` `vu` msu mpus`) V` ikv ws`vìum e` dkshm wmsujfplmshìu` fkifjvm ì vpv “fsùukv‘) Fkivje`smcl` `v hìfjkims vkcs` `vukv ÿlujhkv vpv wskz`fukv hkiphì( uml`v ì uksik ml u`hm, fkhk `l “Bsmie` fsùuk I`sk‘, .fkif`cjek wmsm `l omseèi e` `vfplupsmv e` lm Pijt`svjeme e` Fmljdksijm*, z `vw`fjmlhìu` ì `l “Fsùuk hkiphìuml‘ e` lmv spjimv e` Bjc`lljim, ì fpzm hmu`sjm ji`su` z hpujvhk wms`fj`sm vph`sbjsv` `l wskz`fuk hjvhk=3) Lkv miu`sjks`v e`tj`( iì wmsujfjw`v ò`hwlms`v, e` `vum wskwp`vum wjiupsm hmuêsjfm =6, }p` ì @fk Phc`suk) Lkv ljhju`v e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) Cmsf`lkim) Lphì) 3777 w)=:) Spnsc`sb) Kw) fju) w)347) Jcèe) w)277) =6@l u`shjik wjiupsm hmuêsjfm, ikv `v wskwp`vuk wks Bjllk Eks`v ì vp u`~uk “plujhmv uìeìfjmv e`l msu` e` nkz‘) @i êvu`, Eks`v ikv wskwki` pim fmu`bksjmfjöi e`l msu` jidkshml ì uksik m vpv fkivumiu`v tjvpml`v z uêfijfmv, hmij`vumv ì lm kcsm e` vpv `~wkiìu`v .m i e` e`v`sums e` êvum =7 ==

=3

2>


ip`vuskv mpuks`v fkcsm lm wmsujfplmsjeme e` pim vp`su` e` n`shùjvhk wsj( hjbìjk, e`vmsskllmek ì `l hmsfk e` lm @pskwm e` lm wkvbp`ssm, e`tjìì lkv hív `~wlèfjukv eìusk e` `vum `vusmu`bjm) @vum wskbs`vjtm `ljhjimfjöi e` lm jhmbì, z vp vjvu`híujfm w`shpumfjöi m fmiujeme e` vjbikv vpcfkivfjìu`v z fsèwujfkv1 `l`hìukv u`~upsml`v, kcoùkv miöijhkv z imlhìu`, lm wmuìu` mlpvjöi ml tmfèk, fkivujupjsíi `l wskfèjhjìuk hèjmiu` `l fpml v` fkivujupjsí `vum `tjeìu` sùjfìfjm m fkhpijfms ) @vumcl`fjìek lm wj`m msuèvujfm `vum dkshm e` tjklìfjm vpujl fkhk s`lmfjöi wmsm fki `l ì `vw`fumeks) Ejiíhjfm }p` ikv nmcsí e` ll`tms ( imlhìu` m lk }p` v`sí lm fkivuspffjöi e` `vu` hkek e` wìvmhjìuk ejdèfjl `vckmek wks Vkiumb ì vp kcsm zm fjumem? “@l vjlìfjk e` lm ù`sijeme ws`( wmsm wmsm pi wìvmhjìuk }p` `vum hív nmllm e`l wìvmhjìuk z }p`, e`ve` lm w`svw`fujtm e`l wìvmhjìuk usmejfjkiml z e` lkv pvkv fkssjìu`v e` lm hìu`, m e` wms`f`s mlbk ukumlhìu` moìk ml wìvmhjìuk․mpi}p` uml t` v`m `l `hcl`hm e` pi wìvmhjìuk ip`tk, „ejdèfjl‚‘ =5) Ikv mwpsm mnksm `l fkivje`sms ì }p` em ì fkivjvujs `vum fkivuspffjöi e`l fkif`wupmek wìvmhjìuk ejdèfjl, wskfpsmek ì `l msujlpbjk e`l msu` vj( lìfjkvk) Vkiumb s`fpw`smsí lk usmumek wks Dsjèsjfn R) Ijùvfn` ì vp “@l ksjbì e` lm usmbèjm‘1 fpmiek ml `tkfmsikv lm jhmbì, z `vwèsjup e`l fksk=0, ì lm fkivujupfjöi e` lm usmbèjm bsj`bm? “fkhk lm vpvumifjm z `l `~usmfuk e` lm hplujupe e` `vw`fumeks`v1 ì pim wmlmcsm? `l `vw`fumeks je`ml).․* `vuj( hmiek `l fksk fkhk pim hpsmllm tjtm Qe` lm fpmlX v` ske`m lm usmbèjm, m i e` ws`v`stmsv` e` ukem h`flm, e` v`wmsmsv` e`l hpiek s`ml z e` vmltmbpmsems vp ekhjijk je`ml z vp ljc`sume wkêujfm)‘=4 ikhìflmupsm, wks ìfkiusmslm wmsmeöojfm ` jhws`fjvm*) Mvè, ì vp ejvfpsvk ikv jlpvusm vkcs` lmv ejd`sìu`v t`sujìu`v ì lmv }p` êvu` dìöhìk wlívujfk v` `~ws`vm) Emiek mvè ì pcjfms pim wjiupsm vèbijfm .Hmunj`p, Fmwkbskvvj*, pim wjiupsm b`vupml .Rklv,Nmsupib* z ip`vusm ìpifjmem wjiupsm hmuêsjfm .Umwj`v, Cpssj*) Eks`v Bjllk) ßlujhmv uìeìfjmv e`l msu` e` nkz) Cmsf`lkim) Lmcks) =:24) Ww)=:(00) =5Vkiumb) Kw) fju) w)34 =0

“@l i fmsmfu`sèvujfk e`l msu` hke`sik ‖v`s jimf`wumcl` wmsm vp wÿcljfk( `~ws`vm, m lm jit`svm,

}p` wmsm `l msujvum `v jimf`wumcl` lm ws`vìfjm hjvhm e` pi wÿcljfk, ì `l vìujek hke`sik e` pi fkiopiuk e` `vw`fumeks`v hjski`v) Wks lk hìkv e`ve` }p` Ijùvfn` fkhìuk ì „Ej` B`cpsu e`s usmbôej`‚ }p` lkv bsj`bkv e`vfkikfèmi `l wÿcljfk e` `vw`fumeks`v uml fkhk lk fkikf`hkv ikvkuskv ‖ lmv w`svkimv ws`vìu`v e` lmv }p` lkv mfuks`v nmfì fmvk khjvk(, bsmi wmsu` e`l msu` fkiu`h( wksíi`k wms`f` vìujsv` `vujhplmek wks `l e`v`k e` `ljhjims ml wÿcljfk e`l msu`, `hws`vm êvum }p` v` hmij`vum m hìpek fkhk pim uìumujtm e` `ljhjims wks fkhwlùk `l „msu`‚) .»@i cì`fjk e`

lm tjem;*)‘ Jcèe) w)=4) =4

Ijùvfn`) Dsjèsjfn R) @l ksjbì e` lm usmbèjm) Hê~jfk) @e) Wksspm) =:::) Ww)6:(5=)

2:


@i vp u`~uk, Vkiumb ik wpè` khjujs ì pi cs`t` mujvck `vum mfujupe e`( wlksmcl` z wmvjtm e` pi, ‖mnksm(, fkivphjeks mcÿljfk ` jieklìu`1 wskdpi( emhìu` fjtjljmek z e`v`vwjsjupmljmek=2 wks ìe`, ì mdíi e` s`fpw`sms `l uêshjik, fjhìumek cmok lm öwujfm e` mlbpikv e` lkv u`ösjfkv ìdsìumekv ml usjcpuk e` pim hke`sijeme wkvus`sm) Vkiumb nmf` fkivumifjm e` `llk, ml ìpifjms lm tjklìfjm e`l msu` vjlìfjkvk ì vp sùjfìfjm wmsm fki vp `vw`f( umeks1 dkhìumiek mvè, lm jit`svjöi e` êvu`, ì mlbk hív f`sfmik ml zm hì( fjkimek fksk, fpzk ejkijvèmfk ê~umvjv v` ikv mcjvhm mnksm ì pim wskdpiem ìukimfjöi e` vjlìfjk) Lk miu`sjks, vjbpjìek lm ejvfpsvjtm }p` wlmiu`msí `l msu` e` `vumv ÿlujhmv v`jv eêfmemv, ml fè`s lpbms m lm `~ws`vjöi, wks vkcs` `l nmcjupml fkif`wuk e` c`ll`m1 m lk fkif`wupml, wks vkcs` lk kcoùpml1 ml msu` vkcs` lm `vuêujfm1 z m lm tjem, wks vkcs` `l msu`) @l vjlìfjk e`vwlj`bm pim bmhm e` wkvjcjljeme`v wmsm jiu`swsùmslk, wmsm meopejfmsl` wmlmcsmv)=> =2@l vpf`vk e` pi msu` vjlìfjkvk ì ip`vusm hke`sijeme ÿlujhm, s`vwkie` m lkv hív dìöhìkv `w( kfml`v }p` ì pi wskwp`vuk e`vmsskllk fèfljfk .Msikle O) Ukzic``, @vupejk e` lm njvuksjm1 Dsjèsjfn Ijùvfn`, Lm tklpiume e` wke`s z Lm bmzm fjìfjm1 Vmiesk Ckfklm, @l msu` e` lm hke`sijeme, ùfêu`sm* nm emek ì pcjfms m lm mcvusmffjöi ì lmv hív ejd`sìu`v hmijd`vumfjki`v msuèvujfmv fkhk pim fkivumiu` }p` jifjum m lm hèjumfjöi z m lm s``~jöi wskdpiem dsìu` m lm kcsm wlívujfm, fkhÿi m pi hkhìuk njvuösjfk }p` wpbim wks `vum i`f`vjeme e` vìujek ì lm fkivuspffjöi e` vp msu`) Lm mwmsjfjöi e`l vjlìfjk, k `l vjlìfjmhjìuk hjvhk ì ip`vusk msu` hke`sik, fkhwmsu` opiuk fki lkv wkvuplmekv e` lm mcvusmffjöi, fmiujeme e` fmsmfu`s`v ÿijfkv e`l wmsmejbhm `wkfml ws`vìu`, uml`v fkhk lm wsku`vum z lm vpct`svjöi, dsìu` m lkv hke`lkv fmiöijfkv z fk`sfjujtkv }p` pim blkcmljeme

ìusmým nmvum f`su`m wmsm fki`vwjsjupml lkv hív zjifjwjìu`v ejvfpsvkv msuèvujfkv lm wêsejem ìe`l Kffjeìu` e` fpml}pj`s vkfjmlhìu` tjifplmiu` .@fk*,.Vkiumb*, `l ìvjhjvhmhjìuk msu` ì pim wsùìejem wps`m }p` l` mcvusm` e` fpml}pj`s hkujtmfjöi moìm m vp wskwjk hèjk .Spc`su E` Tìuöv*, fkhk pim ws`vpium hp`su` e`l msu`, s`vplumek e` pim vkcs`vuêujmfjöi e`l hpiek, wsk( epfuk e`l fmsífu`s khijws`vìu` e`l fmwjumljvhk ì lkv Hmvv hèjm .Tmuujhk*, ùfêu`sm) Lm sùösjfm e` `vum wsùìejem e`v`vwjsjupmljmfjöi khijws`vìu` ì `l hpiek fkiu`hwksíi`k v` ckv}pòm ì lm ejmlêfujfm e` lkv mpuks`v hìfjkimekv, vjìek wmsujfplmshìu` wskwp`vum ì lm ejvfpsvjtm e` K) Vwìbl`s, ml pcjfms ì lm ejiíhjfm e` vp uj`hwk fèfljfk `l metìjhjìuk e` lm fjtjljmfjöi fkhk e`fmeìfjm e`l e`vmsskllk e` pim fplupsm1 hpumiek m vp t` êvum ÿlujhm, ì jhw`sjmljvhk) Wmsm lmv wkvusjh`sèmv e` `vum ip`vusm e`v`vwjsjupmljmem fjtjljmfjöi kffjeìuml(hke`sim, Vwìbl`s `vum( cl`f` `l metìjhjìuk e` pi hke`lk msuèvujfk ml }p` em ì ikhcsms dípvujfk, z e`l fpml wkie`sm? “Ik wpè` v`s pi msu` wmsm ukekv) L` `v `vìfjml ik v`slk1 z vj lm wjiupsm fkiu`hwksíi`m v` kds`f` `~flpvjtmhìu` m pi w`}p`ýk fèsfplk e` ìuìejekv, fèsfplk }p` v` tm sèpfjìek fmem eèm hív, ik nmf` vjik fkishms vp mt`svjöi wks `l kcoùk tplbms z dífjl .․* Nm wìùsmek ì lm wjiupsm

e`ve` ìukif`v pi `l`hìuk hùmdèvjfk, e` ejdèfjl mff`vk, }p` ik v` ìus`bm m lm fkif`wfjöi e`l l`bk)‘ V` `vckm mnksm, ì `vum ejvfpsvjtm, lk }p` wms`fj`sm `l `vumek `hcsjkimsjk e`l msu` ejdèfjl wskwp`vuk wks Vkiumb, z vp vjlìfjmhjìuk fkiv`fpìu`) Vwìbl`s Kvrmle) Lm e`fmeìfjm e` kf( fjeìu`) Hmesje) @vwmvm Fmlw`) =:0>) Ww) 47(4>) =>

Vkiumb) Kw) fju), w) 30

>7


@l vjlìfjk, fkhk `vwmfjk e` s`fs`mfjöi wskwjk e`l msu`, dpiemsí vp =: wmsujfplms `vwmfjk, vp υΰμΰθλδuêhìkv ( () @i êl, v` mfmllm ml hpiek, ì `l, ìfkiusmhkv `l `vumejk dpiemfjkiml e`l msu`) @l uêhìkv ì lm wskwp`vum u`ösjfk(wlívujfm e`l msu` jidkshml e`tjì` pijt`svk jiu`swsùmujtk vpb`vujtk z `vìfjmlhìu` mcj`suk, ì `l }p` fpml}pj`s dìöhìk e` fkhpijfmfjöi k jiu`swsùmfjöi e` lm kcsm uìesèm mnksm }p` s`fpssjs i`f`vmsjmhìu` m lm n`shìêpujfm37) Sùösjfm êvum }p`, ì vp ejvfpsvk, mckbmsí ì dmtks e` pi wskbs`vjtk? “`hwkcs`fjhjìuk e`l msu`‘ ì mdíi e` dmtks`f`s lm `~w`sjì( fjm e`l hjvhk? “Lmv ikfjki`v e` vjlìfjk, tmfèk z sèpffjöi ckv}pòmi ip`tmv döshplmv wmsm hjsms, `vfpfnms, ùfêu`sm․ döshplmv }p` `vujhplmi pim `~w`( sjìfjm hív jihèjmum z vìvpml e`l msu`, k ìdsìums lm kcsm e` msu` fki pi fsju`sjk hív fkivfjìu`, fkif`wupml)‘ 3= @l ò`sfjfjk n`shìêpujfk ì `l msu` e`tìesí lmcks jiu`swsùmujtm, fm( smfu`sjmem wks `vums jhcpjem e` ìupvjmvhk z e` op`bk) Ik cpvfm vjbij( fmekv f`ssmekv1 v` l` nm fkivje`smek `l hêukek e` lm cpìm jiuìfjöi331 ik =:V`sí Vu`wnì Imfnhmiktjufn }pjì s`vfmu` lm sj}p`m e` `vu` u`shjik, m i e` `~wljfjums vp fkif`wfjöi e`l op`bk `~wp`vum ì vp kcsm “Ds`` wlmz‘1 Êvu`, m lm t` usmif` z sjupml vmbsmek . Lélm*, dmfuks jiejvwìvmcl` ` jivwjsmfjöi dpiemhìuml ì lm wsífujfm msuèvujfm? “@i `l wìvmhjìuk e` lm miujbpm Bs`fjm `l „uêhìkv‚ `v pi fèsfplk híbjfk, pi `vwmfjk vmbsmek e`ljhjumek eìusk e`l fpml v` mwljfmi s`blmv `vw`fjml`v z ekie` wpèì vpfè`s ljcs`hìu` mfkiu`fjhjìukv `~usmksej( imsjkv‘) @v dífjl usmv `vum ejvfpsvjtm, vìums mimlkbèmv wmsm fki lm fkif`wfjöi e`l fksk `~wp`vuk ì `l wìvmhjìuk e` Ijùvfn`) Imfnhmiktjufn Vu`wnì) Ds`` wlmz Lm jhwsktjvmfjöi ì lm tjem z ì `l msu`) Msbìujim) Wmjeöv) 3775) w):=) 37Lm n`shìêpujfm ìuìejem fkhk “U`ksèm e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi‘s`hkium vp ksjbì m lkv miml`v e` lm Bs`fjm ws`vkfsíujfm) Fkivujupjek êvu` fkif`wuk ìvkýmfjöi e`}p` lm bpsm e` nphmik N`sh`v, ipifm hì( vmo`sk e` lkv ejkv`v, e`jeme e` lkv ljie`v, jitìukscmok e`l lmlìbpmo`1 m}p`l “fkhk kcsmcm fki lm mscjusmsjème e` pi v`s wke`skvk, vjik }p` hív cjì v` ejvujibpèm wks vp wskwjk ìuìejhjìuk wmsm vj`hws` eù`shjimek‘) .A`sêizj Amsl) N`sh`v `l fkiepfuks e` mlhmv QJJX) Hê~jfk) V`~uk wjvk) 37=7) w)==*)Lm n`shìêpujfm v`sèm `hwl`mem wsjksjumsjmhìu` ì lm jiu`swsù( mfjöi e` lkv u`~ukv u`klöbjfkv epsmiu` lm @eme Hèjm1 v`sí wmsm `l vjblk ^TJJJ, fpmiek fki lm mwm( sjfjöi e` lkv u`~ukv e` Cmphbmsuì, ìfpìus` lmcks ì `l s`fjêi jimpbpsmek fmhwk e` lm `vuêujfm z `l msu`) @l tmlks e` lm n`shìêpujfm fkhk hêukek e` fkikfjhjìuk ì `l fmhwk e`l msu`, fkcsmsí hmzks jhwksumifjm cmok lm ejvfpsvjtm e` N`je`bb`s .“V`s z uj`hwk‘, “Fmhjikv e`l ckv}p`‘*, z hív mÿi ì `l usmcmok e` Bmemh`s .“T`seme z hêukek‘, “@vuêujfm z n`shìêpujfm‘*, }pjì, ml wskdpiejms ì lm kcsm e` vp hm`vusk, mckfmek m `~uìe`sv` vkcs` “`l fkhwsìe`s kiuklöbjfk dpi( emhìuml ml cmvmslk, ì ÿlujhm jivumifjm, ì `l nksjkiu` e` lm njvuksjfjeme e` lm mpukfkhwsìvjöi e`l v`s nphmik z e` lm nphmijeme .„fkifjìfjm e` lm njvuksjm e` lkv `d`fukv‚*)‘Nìfahmii) Kw) fju) w)=35) Hp`vusmi e` `vum hmi`sm lm dpifjöi wskepfujtm e` lkv wsòpjfjkv .ji`tjumcl`v* wmsm pi fkhwsìe`s njvuösjfk fkifsùk, z `vckms ì `llk lkv i`f`vmsjkv w`sl`v e` vìvjcjljeme z e` bpvuk }p` ksjbjimi pim kcsm e` msu` ì vp fkiu`~uk njvuösjfk, mvè fkhk lm wkvjfjöi e`l `vw`fumeks nmfèm lmv hjvhmv, ml mwljfms `l ò`sfjfjk jiu`swsùmujtk) 3=Vkiumb Kw)fju)w)3=) 33

Wmpljim Sjt`sk R`c`s) Fp`vujki`v n`shìêpujfmv) E` Ijùvfn` m Bmemh`s) Èumfm) Hê~jfk) 3774)

>=


nmz wpiukv e` tjvum ÿijfkv, fkhwsìe` ì vè `l fkikfjhjìuk fkhk hpum( cl` z ejd`sìfjmek, fkiejfjöi êvum wmsujfplmshìu` w`sf`wujcl` ì lkv fmh( wkv `vuêujfk z msuèvujfk, wp`v lm n`shìêpujfm jiu`stjì` ekie` ik nmz pi vklk vìujek, `v e`fjs ekie` nmz wkljv`hjm 36) Lm n`shìêpujfm v` `vumcl`f` mvè fkhk `vìfjml ejílkbk ì `l msu`1 `l hktjhjìuk e` tmjtêi ml }p` `l opbmeks v` mcmiekim ml mffè`s ml uêhìkv1 ik nmz `vdp`sk mllè, lm ji`sfjm tm ì wkv e`l hktjhjìuk, vp ejílkbk `v op`( 35

bk z `v vp vjlìfjkl`mcvksc` ml opbmeks, , zm`vvíujsk, zm fksk1 z, bkf`, ì lm jih`svjöi em fkifjìfjm e` vè)zmLmvfnmpvwj`l`s n`shìêpujfm wskwjfjm ì lm dìkhìklkbèm e` `vu` fkikfjhjìuk mcj`suk, z m lm jih`svjöi ì lm `~w`sjìfjm e`l msu` vjlìfjkvk) Ckv}pòíiekikv mnksm lm ejiíhjfm e` `vu` wìvmhjìukejdèfjl, e` ejílk( bk ejdèfjl z e` fkikfjhjìukejdèfjl, ì lm tjklìfjm }p` mfpvm pim kcsm `tmvjtm ml fkhpijfms ‖jlji~, op`bk e` têsujbk(, e`tjijìek mnksm `vum ejiíhjfm ì `~( ws`vjöi hmij`vume`l njlk fkiepfuks e` lm `~wljfmfjöi kiuklöbjfm30, ml ìdmuj( ms `vu` dìöhìk e` mwsk~jhmfjöi m lmkcsm e` msu` m vp`su` e` op`bk, op`bk n`shìêpujfk?“lm ìus`bm e` vè hjvhk m lmv ums`mv e`l op`bk `v ì s`mljeme pim `~wmivjöi e` pik hjvhk) Lm mpukss`ws`vìumfjöi e`l op`bk nmf` }p` lòpbmeks lkbs` ml hjvhk uj`hwk lm vpzm wskwjm opbmiek m mlbk, `vuk `v, s`ws`vìuíieklk) @l op`bk nphmik völk wpè` nmllms vp ums`m ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, wks}p` opbms `v vj`hws` zm pi s`ws`vìums) .․* `l v`s e`l msu` ik wpè` eù`shjimsv` fkhk kcoùk e` pim fkifjìfjm `vuêujfm, wks}p` m lm jit`svm e`l fkhwksumhjìuk `v( uêujfk `v hív }p` lk }p` êl vmc` e` vè hjvhk) @v wmsu` e`l „wskf`vk öiujfk e` lm 34 s`ws`vìumfjöi‚, z w`suì`f` `vìfjmlhìu` ml op`bk fkhk uml‘ ) Lpepv e` mws`fjmfjöi z e` ejílkbk, fki `vu` vjibplms kusk, `l msu`, wp`v? “völk op`bm `l nkhcs` fpmiek `v nkhcs` ì `l wlìk vìujek e` lm wmlmcsm, z völk `v wlìmhìu` nkhcs` fpmiek op`bm)‘32 @l opbms e`l n`shì`pv `v `~( ws`vjöi e` pik hjvhk? “Lm kcsm e` msu` ujì` vp t`seme`sk v`s ì `l n`fnk e` }p` v` fkitj`su` ì pim `~w`sjìfjm }p` hkejfm ml }p` lm `~w`sjhìum‘3>) w)32) 36Hmpsjfjk C`pfnku) Usmumek e` n`shìêpujfm mimlöbjfm)Èumfm) Hê~jfk) 3770) w)=2) 35Vjbpjìek `l ejvfpsvk e` Bmemh`s? opbmeks`v }p` v` `~njcì, op`bk e` `~njcjfjöi, wskwjk umiuk e`l u`musk fkhk e`l fpluk1 ik eòm e` ìusmýms fj`sum fkss`vwkieìfjm fki `l víujsk e`l ksjbì e` lm usmbèjm e` Ijùvfn`) Bmemh`s Nmiv(B`ksb) T`seme z hêukek J) Vmlmhmifm) @ejfjki`v Vèbp`h`) 3770) w)=5>) 30 Jcèe) w)=56 34Jcèe) Ww)=0=(=4=) 32Dè`sjfk Vfnjll`s) Lm èpfmfjöi `vuêujfm e`l nkhcs`)Hmesje) @vwmvm Fmlw`) =:4>) w)2)6 3>

Bmemh`s) Kw) fju) 3770 W)=50

>3


Dìöhìk }p` e`tìesí wmsujfplmshìu` d`fpiek, m lm wsífujfm ksjbjiml e` lm dpiemhìuml `~w`sjhìumfjöi wlívujfm fkivujupjem ì lm wjiupsm jidkshmljv ( um, z wskwjfjm ì lm fkivuspffjöi e` `vu` wskz`fuk `vwjsjupml mllmimek ì `l msu` e` ip`vusm hke`sijeme, ml mw`lms m vp wskwjk ìhpe`fjhjìuk) Ml fmlf` e` `vum `~w`sjìfjm, `l ejílkbk e`l msujvum z e`l `vw`fumeks fki lm wj`m wjfuösjfm e` fkcsmsèmi pim wskdpiejeme (ì hks e`l `vwèsjup lÿejfk( t`sujbjikvm, jih`svm? “Vj `~jvu` nkz pim bsmi ejfplume wmsm nmclms e` lm wjiupsm, `v wks}p` `~jvu` pim bsmi ejfplume wmsm t`slm) Wp`v lm hmzksèm e` lmv t`f`v `llm ik }pj`s` `~mfumhì( 3: u` v`s hjsmem, vjik mcvkscjem tjvpmlhìu` z fjsfplms vji eòms smvuskv‘ ) S`vkimiek pim t` hív, ì lmv k}pème`v e`l uêhìkv, lm jitkfmfjöi ml op`bk v` nmf` ws`vìu`? jilpvjk .ìusms ì op`bk*, mnksmJllpe`s` .wki`s ì op`bk* ì mdíi e` s`fpw`sms `l vìujek, lm tjem, z vp `l`hìuml `~jvuìfjm? “Ejhìvjöi }p` hív mllí e` lm jlpvjöi `vuêujfm, v` s`fki`fum fki pim dkshm hp( fnk hív dpiemhìuml e` jlpvjöi m lm }p` llmhms` „miuskwklöbjfm‚, wmsm e`vjbims `vm dpifjöi bìêsjfm }p` `v lm e`l hpiek z vp mwmsjfjöi z wks lm }p` `l hpiek v` ikv ws`vìum hpfnk miu`v e` nmc`s me}pjsjek pi vìujek, hpfnk miu`v e` v`s jiu`swsùmek k s`ws`vìumek, hpfnk miu`v e` tklt`sv` s`ml, lk fpml e`tjik umseèmhìu` z vji epem e` hmi`sm `dèh`sm) Ik lm jlpvjöi i`bmujtm z vpw`svuj( fjkvm e` kusk hpiek, vjik lm jlpvjöi wkvjujtm e` `vu` hpiek e` m}pè mcmok, e` lm `vfìm kw`síujfm e`l hpiek, e` lm kw`smfjöi vjhcöljfm e`l hpiek, e` lm jlpvjöi tjuml e` lmv mwmsjìfjmv m }p` mlpe` Ijùvfn`1 lm jlpvjöi fkhk `vfìm wsjhjujtm, 67 hpz miu`sjks, hpfnk hív dpiemhìuml }p` lm `vfìm `vuêujfm)‘

Lkv hpiekv jiu`sjks`v fkivujupjekv ì `vum `vuêujfm e` lk fmöbìk, e`l têsujbk wskwp`vuk ì lmv wskdpiejeme`v wvè}pjfmv e` ip`vusk mpuks(msujvum1 ll`tmsèm fkhk ì ijibpim wskwp`vum wlívujfm m fkivuspjs lm jeìujeme e`l `vw`fumeks(msujvum1 pi n`shì`pum }p` ml ejílkbk fki lm kcsm b`vumem ì `vu` `vwèsjup, ik nmf` vjik s`fpssjs ml op`bk e`l msu` vjlìu`, sùkhm “`l njlk fkiepfuks e` lm `~wljfmfjöi kiuklöbjfm‘, ml `~w`sjhìums wlìmhìu` ì êl, ml vè hjvhk1 vp jhmbjimfjöi z vp jhwplvk fs`mujtk v` e`vcksemsèmi usmivdks( hmiek ì `llk vp `~jvuìfjm) Mvè, `l msu` jidkshml ìhpe`f`sí ì vp fmöbìm ejmusjcm wlívujfm1 s`ju`( smiek ì `llk vp hpujvhk z vp tjklìfjm, fkivjbp` `vfmwms e`l ikhcs`6= z w`stjt` hpumiek ì `l jhmbjimsjk1 m dkshm e` mivjème, m hmi`sm e` tmfèk) Fklhmek z `~ìuk, `vfmwm m lm ikfjöi e` pi `vumcl` z fmiöijfk v`s 63, z lk( bsm s`ju`sms vp kiukv ì `l fmkv z lm jieù`shjimfjöi e` vp op`bk) Cmpesjllmse Kw) fju)w)=>) Jcèe) w)50) 6=Bmemh`s Kw) fju) =::>) W)=57) 63 Jcèe)w)=56) 3: 67

>6


@i `l `vwèsjup e` `vum ejvfpsvjtm, Vkiumb mbs`bmsí? “Nmz hmi`smv e` wì( vms }p` mÿi ik fkikf`hkv) Imem wkesèm v`s hív jhwksumiu` k ws`fjkvk }p` ejfnk fkikfjhjìuk ukemtèm ikimuk) @vu` ìbìesm pim mivjème z pi e`v( mvkvj`bk `vwjsjupml }p` ik v` wpèì mwmfjbpms z }p` fkiujiÿmi mljhìumiek `l msu` smejfml e` `vu` vjblk .^^*) Ml wkvuplms `l vjlìfjk z lm sèpffjöi, `l msu` fkhù` pi mfuk e` tjklìfjm fkiusm vè hjvhk, v` fkitj`su` ì pim `vw`fj` e` mpukhmijwplmfjöi, e`l fkiopsk hèjmiu` `l fpml jiuìum mlphcsms `vumv ip`( tmv dkshmv e` wìvmhjìuk‘)66 M}pè v` wmuìujm lm f`sfmièm }p` `vum tmibpmsejm wjfuösjfm, e`ve` vp fkif`wfjöi wsjhmsjm, hmiuìesí wmsm fki lkv wkvuplmekv e`l ìjvhk z `l umkèvhk .cmok `l jipok e` lkv }p`, jbpmlhìu`, v` nmcsí jijfjmek `l ws`vì( u` u`~uk*, ì lkv fpml`v, ik epemsí ì mcs`tms `l `vwèsjup fmsmfu`sèvujfk e` ip`vusk wskwp`vuk msu` ejdèfjl, fkiujibìu` ml `vwmfjk e`l vjlìfjk, ì lm cÿv( }pèm e` `vu` “@vumek e` jeìujfmfjöi wsjhksejml e` lm imupsml`m‘ 65 z hpz ì wmsujfplms e` lm “Mf`wumfjöi e` lm tjem ì vp jihèjmu`1 ì vp ljcs` pjs z ì vp wkvjujtm ejvfkiujipjeme1 `l rp‘60) Mws`hjmiu` m lm fsjvjv `~jvuìfjml }p` usm`síi m Kffjeìu` lkv `tìukv e`l fmumfljvhk hpiejml1 z ì smöi e`l hjvhk, `l jiuìuk e` s`wmsmfjöi wvè}pjfm }p` wskwjfjmsí, m vp t`, `l cjì llmhmek Cmsskfk hke`sik)64 @l mlphcsmhjìuk jhw`sjkvk e` `vumv ip`tmv dkshmv e` wìvmhjìuk s`( fpssjsèm (`tkfíiekikv ip`tmhìu` lm bpsm e`l vfnmpvwj`l`s, `tjeìu` mnk( sm ì `l dìöhìk e` `~w`sjhìumfjöi fkitplvm( m hív e` mlbpim wsífujfm e` fkivje`smcl` tmlks lÿejfk1 `tjeìu` ì `vumv wsífujfmv e` fksu` hèvujfjv( um z `~w`sjhìuml, uml`v fkhk lm `vfsjupsm mpukhíujfm, lm mffjöi(b`vuk, z m pi fsjwujfjvhk n`shêujfk fkhÿi z s`fpssìu`1 fkhwmsujekv wks lm ljmfjöi wlívujfm e`l usmcmok wjfuösjfk e` msujvumv fkhk B`ksb Hmunj`p, Apsu Spekld Nkhmii Vkie`scksb, z Dsè Unj`l`s .wks fjums mlbpikv*, fpzmv kcsmv wm( s`fì uksims m ejlpjsv` ì lm mffjöi(b`vuk, wskwkijêiekikv `l mfuk z lk b`v( upml, ml s`vfmums m usmtêv e` `llkv lkv tmlks`v wsjhmsjkv e` `vumv lkvkdèmv `~us`hk(ksjìuml`v) @l tmlks e`l jivumiu` z `l s`fkikfjhjìuk e` lk `dèh`sk, ì fpmiuk cmlpmsu`v e` lk `~jvuìfjml ws`vìu`1 wmsujfjwíiekikv, ì `vu` vìujek usmvfìeìu`, lm mf`wumfjöi bkkvm e` `vum fkifjìfjm) Vkiumb Kw) fju)w)34) Cmok lm hjvhm öwujfm, @fk ik epemsí ì mbs`bms ? “Lmv kcsmv mcj`sumv v` fkitj`suì ì lm jitjumfjöi m pim ljc`sume }p`, ò`sfjem ml ijt`l e` lm dspjfjöi `vuêujfm, ik wkesí vjik e`vmsskllmsv` umhcjêi ì `l wlmik e` lkv fkhwksumhjìukv fkujejmikv, e` lmv e`fjvjki`v jiu( `l`fupml`v, e` lmv s`lmfjki`v vkfjml`v‘) @fk) Kw)fju) =:>5)w)06) 65Dsjèsjfn R) Ijùvfn`) Lm tklpiume e` wke`s) @vwmým) @emd) 377=) w)53) 60@fk Kw) fju) =:>5 Ww)35=(355) 64Vmiesk Ckfklm) @l msu` e` lm hke`sijeme) @ejfjki`v e`l v`scml) @vwmým) =:::) w)660) 66

>5


@i lm kcsm e` lkv miu`sjks`v ìfkiusms`hkv lmv njcsjemfjki`v hív dmiuív( ujfmv z fkhwlòmv, ìus` `vumv ejvujiumv wsífujfmv `~ws`vjtmv z vpv s`fpsvkv wlívujfkv) Mvè, mws`fjmhkv lm hpumcjljeme e` vp `vfsjupsm `vwkiuíi`m, }p` ì vp hkiphìumljeme, v` usmvukfmsí m vp t` ì mffjöi(b`vuk1 z b`vupmlj( eme, }p` ml s`fkikfjhjìuk vìvjcl` e` vpv wmsujfjw`v, emi ì s`fkikf`sl` mnksm lm hív vìvjcl` klkbsmdèm n`shêujfm, lm hív kwplìum z hpumcl` v`( hjkvjv, “vjbijmif` e` l‚jidksh`l‘62, op`bk e` jhmbì z vjbijfmek, hjhjfsj, w`sjwmukv, jlji~ z ml`m6> v` dpieì ì vp fkssk, sùsmzêiekv` z s`dsmfuíiekv` ìus` vè1 s`t`sc`smiek ì `l mujvck e` pim k}pème d`sm) S`fkikfjhjìuk `vu` }p` `v fkif`wuk cmvml z s`fpssìu` ì ip`vuskv u`ösjfkv e`l op`bk1 s`dsmffjöi z s``~jöi e`l vj hjvhk, wp`v? “Völk ì vp s`fkikfjhjìuk mffè` lk „fkikfjek‚ m vp t`seme`sk v`s z v` hp`vusm fkhk lk }p` `v) Fkhk s`fkikfjek v` fkitj`su` ì m}p`llk }p` `v zm sùìjek ì vp `vìfjm, ljc`smek e` lm fmvpmljeme e` vpv mvw`fukv‘)6: @ jbpmlhìu` s`fkikfjcl`v ì `llk, v` ikv wskwkiì e` hmi`sm `vw`fjml lmv fmljbsmdèmv e` B`ksb Hmunj`p, ì lmv fpml`v `l op`bk v` mtìupsm zm? “@i lpbms e` uì`s pi vjbijfmek }p` ws`fèm m lm jivumpsmfjöi e`l vjbik, v` ujì` pi vjbik }p` miujfjwm `l vjbijfmek‘)57 Hmunj`p s`fpss` ì vp wjiupsm m lm

fmm e`l jivumiu`, s`mshmiek ì vp wsífujfm lm dspbmljeme e` lm `~jvuìfjm, z mcsmmiek fki ws`hpsm lm e`ljfme`m e` vp b`vupmljeme hmbijfm) 62

@~ws`vjöi `hwl`mem wks Hjfn`l Umwjîììlmvpwskepffjöi kcsm “Pi wlívujfm z fki lm fpml s`d`sjsí m pi msu mpus`‘ `vumek mièhjfk z `vwjsjupml mws`fjmcl` e`, lkv msujvumv e`lv`msu` jidkshml) Umwjî Hjfn`l) Pi msu mpus`) Wmsjv) Bmcsj`l bjsmpe ù lv) =:03) Vji wmbjimfjöi) 6>Cmok `vum fmu`bksjmfjöi Skb`s Fmjllkjv ikhcsmsí lmv ejd`sìu`v hmusjf`v lÿejfmv `~wp`vumv ì vp kcsm? “lkv op`bkv z lkv nkhcs`v‘) .Fmjllkjv Skb`s) Lkv op`bkv z lkv nkhcs`v) Lm hmvfmsm z `l têsujbk) Dkiek e` fplupsm `fkiöhjfm) Hê~jfk) =::5) w)2:*) @~wkijìek `vumv fkhk? Hjhjfsj, `l vjhplmfsk, op`bk e` ejvdsm1 @l jlji~, `l têsujbk1 z `l ml`m, lm vp`su`) @l fpýk e` lm fmu`bksèm lÿejfm w`sjwmukv .lm mejtjimim*, n`hkv e` e`cêsv`lk m Amuzm Hmiekaz, .}pjì lk usmcmomsí m wskdpvjöi ì vp kcsm Wskvmjfm*) Hmiekaz Amuzm) @vuêujfm fkujejmim z op`bkv e` lm fplupsm) Wskvmjfm J) Hê~jfk) Fkimfplum(Dkifm(V)^^J 3774)w)=24) 6:Bmemh`s) Kw)fju)3770 w)=0=*) Usmv `vum s``~jöi ì uksik e` lm fpmljeme e`l s`fkikfjhjìuk, ip`vusk mpuks mbs`bmsí nmfjìek njifmwjê ì lm fpmljeme e`l hpupv(hÿuíujk, khijws`vìu` ì lm kcsm e` msu` }p`? “Lm `~w`sjìfjm e` „`v` `s`v uÿ‚ wpè` tmsjms e`ve` lm hív mlum z us`hìem `~ws`( vjtjeme e`l `vus`h`fjhjìuk usíbjfk nmvum `l mljìuk e` vjbijfmujtjeme }p` v` e`vtmi`f`? e`ve` `l

ìfpìusk fki `l s`z @ejwk nmvum, wks ò`hwlk, lm tjvum e` pik e` `vkv fpmeskv e` Hkiesjmi }p` jifpcmi `l hpujvhk) Nmz vji `hcmsbk, mlbk fkhÿi? s`fkikfjhjìuk) Vji epem mlbpim, lm kcsm e` msu` ikv wskwksfjkim mlbk fkhk s`fkikfjhjìuk, }p` ikv mzpem e` ip`tk m ìusmýmsikv .n`jhjvfn r`seì* fki `l hpiek, mlbk }p` l` `vuí wlmiu`mek ml v`s nphmik fkhk lm ums`m ‖}p` ipifm wpè` s`vklt`s e`ijujtmhìu`(e` vp `~jvuìfjm‘) .Bmemh`s Kw)fju) =::>) w)=50)*

Eks`v) Kw) fju) w)30)

57

>0


Mws`fjmcl` ì `vum hjvhm fkifjìfjm, `v lm sj}p`m }p` vpczmf`m lm `lpfp( csmfjöi e`l rp, z }p` ì vp wjiupsm fkhwmsuì ip`vuskv mpuks`v zm hìfjk ( imekv1 Unj`l`s, ml kuksbmsl` jiflpvk lm fmsmfu`sklkbèm e`“ÿijfm dkshm e` tjem‘5= ml jivumiu` e` fs`mfjöi jih`svm ì `vu` `vwèsjup) Lm mws`fjmfjöi e` vp kcsm (wmsujfplmshìu` lm wms}pème e` vp wmlùm( , ikv jiepf` m fj`suk `vumek e` fmlhm hèjumujtm ` jiuskvw`fujtm) E` dkshm miílkbm, `l usmcmoke` Vkie`scksb v` ikv e`vfpcsjsí ì“lkv sjuhkv `~uíujfkv e` vp kcsmQ}p`X s`òmi pi min`lk `vwjsjupml, pim usmivdkshmfjöi msuèvujfm e` lm`~w`sjìfjm w`svkiml‘531 hív mpi ml ìfkiusmsv` ì lkv miu`sjks`v, lm wsífujfm mcvksum e`l n`fnk ÿijfk e` fs`ms) @vum fkifjìfjm e` lk hpumcl`, lk jie`ijcl`, dpbm z wmsmeöojfk, v` ckv( }pòm m usmtêv e`l vjlìfjk ì `l op`bk kiuklöbjfk e` lm wlívujfm jidkshmljvum) Mllè, tkf`v vku`ssmemv, mnèumv e` vjlìfjk ikv nmfì wmsujfjw`v e`l mlphcsm( hjìuk fkitplvk, wp`v “`v opbmiek ml dmiumvhm fkhk pik v` fkitj`su` ì dmiumvhm‘)56 @vum ws`vìfjm e` lk fmöbìk ikv ckv}pòm lm ejiíhjfm z lm vìvjcjljeme cmvml`v ì vp wskwp`vum e`l wskz`fuk `vwjsjupml e` êwkfm, ml jiu`bsms ì vp mdkièm `l op`bk e`l v`s ì vp fmsífu`s `~jvuìfjml, `~wljfjuk ml s`fksemsikv }p` ì `l op`bk e`l vjlìfjk s`vpìm `l `fk e`l vè hjvhk)

Spnsc`sb Kw) fju) w)34>) Jcèe) w)344)

5=

53 56

Eptjbimpe O`mi) @l op`bk e`l op`bk) Fklkhcjm) Dkiek e` fplupsm `fkiöhjfm) =::2) w)06)

>4


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Cmpesjllmse O`mi) @l fkhwlku e`l msu`) Jlpvjöi z e`vjlpvjöi `vuêujfmv) Msbì( ujim) Mhkssksup) 3772) C`pfnku Hmpsjfjk) Usmumek e` n`shìêpujfm mimlöbjfm) Hê~jfk) Èumfm) 3770) Ckfklm Vmiesk) @l msu` e` lm hke`sijeme) @vwmým) @ejfjki`v e`l v`scml) =:::) Fmjllkjv Skb`s) Lkv op`bkv z lkv nkhcs`v) Lm hmvfmsm z `l têsujbk) Hê~jfk) Dkiek e` fplupsm `fkiöhjfm) =::5) Eks`v Bjllk) ßlujhmv uìeìfjmv e`l msu` e` nkz) Cmsf`lkim Q@vwmýmX) Lm( cks) =:24) Eptjbimpe O`mi) @l op`bk e`l op`bk) Fklkhcjm) Dkiek e` fplupsm `fkiö( hjfm) =::2) @fk Phc`suk) Lkv ljhju`v e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) Cmsf`lkim Q@vwmýmX) Lp( hì) 3777) (((( Kcsm mcj`sum) Hê~jfk) Wlmiùm) =:>5) Bmemh`s Nmiv B`ksb) T`seme z hêukek) Vmlmhmifm Q@vwmýmX) Vèbp`h`) 3770 (((( @vuêujfm z n`shìêpujfm) Hmesje) U`fikv) =::>) (((( Dpiemhìukv e` pim n`shìêpujfm lkvöfm) Vmlmhmifm Q@vwmýmX) @ejfjki`v Vèbp`h`) =::2) (((( Lm mfupmljeme e` lk c`llk) @vwmým) Wmjekv)=::=) Bmemh`s Nmiv(B`ksb z Tjùum Vjltjk) N`shìêpujfm e` lm hke`sijeme) Hmesje) Uskuum) 3775) Nìfahmii Rklmsu z Lkuu`s Akisme) Ejffjkimsjk e` `vuêujfm) Cmsf`lk( im Q@vwmýmX) Bsjomlck Hkiemeksj) =::>) Okekskrvaz Mlòmiesk) Lm vmcjepsèm e` lkv fnjvu`v) Njvuksjmv jijfjíujfmv) Hê~jfk) E`cklvjllk) 3775) A`sêizj Amsl) N`sh`v `l fkiepfuks e` mlhmv QJJX) Hê~jfk) V`~uk wjvk) 37=7)

>2


Löw` Clí}p` Hmip`l) Epcpù) Cmsf`lkim) Wklèbsmdm)=::4) Hmiekaz Amuzm) @vuêujfm fkujejmim z op`bkv e` lm fplupsm) Wskvmjfm J) Hê~j( fk) Fkimfplum(Dkifm(V)^^J 3774) Imfnhmiktjufn Vu`wnì) Ds`` wlmz Lm jhwsktjvmfjöi ì lm tjem z ì `l msu`) Msbìujim) Wmjekv) 3775) Sjt`sk R`c`s Wmpljim) Fp`vujki`v n`shìêpujfmv) E` Ijùvfn` m Bme( mh`s) Hê~jfk Èumfm) 3774 Spnsc`sb Amsl) Msu` e`l vjblk ^^) @vwmým) Umvfnì) 377=) Vfnjll`s Dè`sjfk) Lm èpfmfjöi `vuêujfm e`l nkhcs`) Hmesje) @vwmvm Fml( w`) =:4>) Vjhhì O`miku) Amvjhjs Hml`tjfn) Nkib Akib) Aôi`hmii) 3777) Vkiumb Vpvmi) @vujlkv smejfml`v) @vwmým) Hpfnija @ejuks`v) =:4:) (((( Fkiusm lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) Cmsf`lkim Q@vwmýmX) V`j~ cmssml) =:4:) Vwìbl`s Kvrmle) Lm e`fmeìfjm e` kffjeìu`) Hmesje) @vwmvm fmlw`) =:0>) Umwjî Hjfn`l) Pi msu mpus`) Wmsjv QDsmifjmX) Bmcsj`l bjsmpe ù lv) =:03) Uçwj`v Miukij @l msu` fkiusm lm `vuêujfm) Cmsf`lkim Q@vwmýmX) Mimbsm( hm)=:25)

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Lkv t`svkv wks tìjs? Lm ìpifjmfjöi t`scml e` pim wk`vèm mpvìu` Hmsèm @hm Llksìu` Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e`l @vumek e` Hks`lkv

Lm lju`smupsm, fkhk pim dkshm e` `~ws`vjöi }p` v` s`mljm m wmsujs e`l lìbpmo`, ik v` fkivje`sm ikshmlhìu` fkhk pim dkshm e` vjlìfjk, vjik hív cjì fkhk lk fkiusmsjk, fkhk pim hmijd`vumfjöi e` vp spwupsm k e` vp vpw`smfjöi) @l u`~uk `v pi `vwmfjk llìk, umiuk e` lùsmv fkhk e` vìujek, pi `vwmfjk }pè`l nmclm) Vji `hcmsbk, wmsm fkiv`bpjs `vu` `d`fuk i`f`vjum, ws`fjvmhìu`, vjlìfjk, wp`v, jbpml }p` ik nmz hÿvjfm vji êl,vìk nmcsèm `vfsjupsm vji `vwmfjk ìus` lmv lùsmv, vji hísbì`v, vji wmpvmv z vji wpiupm( fjöi) @l vjlìfjk v` s`t`lm mvè, wmsmeöojfmhìu`, fkhk mlbk fkivpvumifjml m lm `~ws`vjöi z m lm `vfsjupsm hjvhm, }p` bì`sm pim uìvjöi ìus` lk ws`vì( u` z lk mpvìu`, ìus` lk llìk z lk tmfèk, ìus` lk ejfnk z lk vjlìfjmek) Mpi}p` lmv wsjh`smv mf`wfjki`v e` lm e`ijfjöi e` lm wmlmcsm “vjlìfjk‘ v` s``sì m pi fkiu`~uk ksml, ì “mcvuìfjöi e` nmclms‘, k mpejujtk, ì “dmlum e` spjek‘, `l Ejffjkimsjk e` lm Lìbpm @vwmýklm e` lm S`ml Mfme`hjm umhcjêi fkiu`hwlm `vum wmlmcsm ì vp mf`wfjöi e` “dmlum p khjvjöi e` mlbk wks `vfsjuk‘=) V`bÿi `vuk, wpè` ìuìe`sv` `l vjlìfjk lju`smsjk fkhk pi tmfèk k pim mpvìfjm wmsfjml k wpiupml, jiv`sumem eìusk e`l spjek k lm ws`( vìfjm e`l s`vuk e`l u`~uk) @vum mpvìfjm wpè` hmijd`vumsv` ì pi u`~uk lju`smsjk e` ejvujiumv hmi`smv z m usmtêv e` ejt`svkv wskfèjhjìukv) @i wsjh`s lpbms, fkhk v`ýmlm Mhwmsk Mhksöv ì “Lm sùösjfm e`l vj( lìfjk‘, nmcsèm }p` ejvujibpjs ìus` lkv mpuks`v }p` hìfjkimi k mlpeì ml vjlìfjk ejs`fumhìu` (e` pim hmi`sm u`híujfm k lê~jfm( z lkv }p` s`hjuì m êl jiejs`fumhìu`, wks ò`hwlk, ml }pòmsv` e` lm jivpfjìfjm e`l lìbpmo`) M fkiujipmfjöi, z uml fkhk nmf` lm mpuksm, nmcsèm }p` ws`bpiumsv` fpíl`v vki lkv s`fpsvkv `~ws`vjtkv }p` bì`sm `l vjlìfjk wmsm nmf`sv` kès ì pi u`~uk, s`fpsvkv ìus` lkv }p` v` ìfpìusmi lm vpws`vjöi e` ukek `l`hìuk fkivje`smek “sùösjfk‘, `v e`fjs, e` ukek `l`hìuk ik vjbijfmujtk, np`fk, vpw`spk p ksimhìuml1 lm `ljhjimfjöi e` lkv i`~kv jii`f`vmsjkv, `l vjlì( fjk u`híujfk z s`d`sìfjml, `l fmsífu`s dsmbhìumsjk e` lkv fkhjìkv z lkv iml`v wkêujfkv, `l jiuìuk e` ìvkse`f`s k vjlìfjms `l wk`hm s`vuíiekl` hpvjfmljeme1 ` jiflpvk lm sìpifjm ukuml m lm `vfsjupsm, ì lk }p` Mhksöv llm( hm pim “êujfm e`l vjlìfjk)‘3 Ejffjkimsjk e` lm Lìbpm @vwmýklm, S`ml Mfme`hjm @vwmýklm, Hmesje, @vwmvm, =::3, 3=¯ èjfjöi) 3Mhwmsk Mhksöv, “Lm sùösjfm e`l vjlìfjk‘, @i lkv Fpme`sikv e`l Iksu` JJJ, i· =4, =:>3, ww) 35

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>:

Lkv t`svkv wks tìjs,

E` ukemv `vumv wkvjcjljeme`v h` jiu`s`vm `vw`fjmlhìu` `l ujwk e` vjlì( fjk }p` v` lkbsm hèjmiu` lk }p` `vum mpuksm eìkhjim “pi vjlìfjk u`hí( ujfk z s`d`sìfjml‘, }p` wpè` ìuìe`sv` fkhk pi tmfèk k pim kvfpsjeme ì lm mlpvjöi k lm vjbijfmfjöi e`l u`~uk) 6 Vkcs` `vum hjvhm wkvjcjljeme umh( cjêi llmhm lm muìfjöi Sm` Mshmiuskpu ì “Wkùjf Vjlìf`‘, }pjì v`ýmlm, opiuk m kusmv dkshmv e` vjlìfjk z vpvwìvjöi, lm e` pujljms ì `l u`~uk “mlbk }p` fklk}p` lk `~jvuìu` ì pim s`lmfjöi w`sf`wujcl` fki mlbk ik(`~jvuìu`, mpvìu` k `~u`sik)‘ 5 Ukhmiek fkhk cmv` `vu` ujwk wmsujfplms e` vjlìfjk u`~upml, h` fì( usmsê ì mlbpikv wk`hmv z u`~ukv cs`t`v e` mpuks`v `vwmýkl`v ` njvwmik( mh`sjfmikv fkiu`hwksíi`kv }p` nmfì mlpvjöi ml wskf`vk e` `vfsjupsm, z hìfjkimi lkv t`svkv z lkv wk`hmv }p` wkesèmi `vfsjcjsv`, w`sk }p` vji `hcmsbk ik v` `vfsjcì, z }p` }pèmi, mvè, mwlmmekv k wkvu`sbmekv wmsm pi `vwmfjk z pi uj`hwk jie`ijek ` ji`~jvuìu`) H` s``sk m lkv fmvkv ì }p` `l wk`hm usmum k u`hmujm lm wskwjm mffjöi e` `vfsjcjs, fkitjsujêiek( v` ì lm ìpifjmfjöi e` pim wkvjcjljeme, pim i`f`vjeme k pim wskh`vm, uml fkhk kfpss`, wks ò`hwlk, ì `l wk`hm “^^‘, e` Wmclk I`spem1 ì “Jiuì( vjeme z mlupsm‘, e` Fêvms Tmllòk1 ì `l wk`hm =7 e` Hpumujv Hpumiejv, e` Oksb` @epmsek @j`lvki1 ì “@l bsmdöbsmdk‘, e` Vmltmeks @ljkiek1 ì “S`v( wp`vum‘, e` Okvê Nj`ssk1 z ì “Pi fmiuk‘, e` Okvê Íib`l Tmlìu`, u`~ukv }p` mimljmsê m fkiujipmfjöi) @i ukekv `llkv v` wskepf` pi e`vekclmhjìuk k pim v`wmsmfjöi ìus` lm `vfsjupsm z vp kcoùk, `v e`fjs, ìus` `l `vwmfjk u`~upml .ws`vìu`* z `l `v( wmfjk s`d`sìfjml .mpvìu`*) @vum kwkvjfjöi ejvujibp` ì `l u`~uk, uml fkhk jiejfm O`vÿv Fmhms`sk, `l “mwmsmuk ejvusjcpfjkiml e` fkhwkiìu`v bsífkv z u`~upml`v‘, }p` v` fkss`vwkie` fki `l `vwmfjk u`~upml, e` “lm s`d`sìfjm }p` v` em ì `l u`~uk e` lkv kcoùkv mfphplmekv fkhk s`d`sìu` ì lm s`m ( ljeme‘, lk }p` fkidkshm `l “`vwmfjk s`d`sìfjml‘, fpzm s`lmfjöi `~wljfm `l mpuks e` lm vjbpjìu` hmi`sm? 6Lm mpuksm lk `~wljfm e` lm vjbpjìu` hmi`sm? “V` nm n`fnk umhcjêi pi vjlìfjk u`híujfk z pi vjlìfjk s`d`sìfjml) Fki uêfijfmv fji`hmukbsífmv v` nmi s`òmek völk fj`sumv kimv e` s`mljeme `vfkiejemv k jss`l`tmiu`v, wsktkfmeksmv k jivjbijfmiu`v, k fj`sukv usmkv dpbmf`v }p` nmi usmep ( fjek pim tjvjöi ìus`fksumem z dpvujbmiu` fkhk lm s`vwjsmfjöi e` lm mibpvujm‘) M) Mhksöv, kw) fju), w) 35) 5Lmv kusmv fjifk wkvjcjljeme`v }p` lm mpuksm hìfjkim ws`tjmv m `vum ÿlujhm vki? =* u`shjims pi t`svk k pi wk`hm e` pim hmi`sm mcspwum ` ji`vw`smem, 3* fs`ms fki`~jki`v `~us`hmemhìu` u`( ip`v ìus` lmv ejvujiumv wmsu`v e`l wk`hm, 6* fs`ms e`ljc`smemhìu` pi `d`fuk e` jifkiv`fpìfjm, 5* nmf`s pvk e` lm mpuk(fkiusmejffjöi k sùsmffjöi, z 0* pvms `ljwvjv kctjmv) @i @epmsek Fnjsjikv, Lm

hksmem e`l vjlìfjk, Hê~jfk, DF@, =::>, w) 66)

:7

Lm ìpifjmfjöi t`scml e` pim wk`vèm mpvìu`

@vum ejfkukhèm dpifjkiml ì `l íhcjuk lju`smsjk, w`sk umhcjêi cjikhjk }p` hmsfm pim fj`sum dìkhìklkbèm z kiuklkbèm e`l u`~uk, fkill`tm pim ejvujifjöi dpiemhìuml ìus` lm `vfsjupsm z `l kcoùk, `v e`fjs, ìus` `l vjbik }p` s`ws`vìum mlbk z }p` fkivujupz`+fkivuspz` `l u`~uk, z lk }p` `v` u`~uk, hèjmiu` vpv vjbikv, s`ws`vìum) Mvè wp`v, v` wlmiu`m zm ì `vum jit`v( ujbmfjöi `l wskcl`hm e` pi vjvu`hm e` s`lmfjki`v fkhwlòmv ìus` `l hpiek .tjsupml* e` lkv vjbikv z `l hpiek .s`ml k jhm( bjimsjk* e` lkv v`s`v0) Mpi}p` `vum kwkvjfjöi v` wskepf`, ì sjbks, ì ukek u`~uk lju`smsjk wks vp dkshm e` vjbijfms hèjmiu` pi vjvu`hm e` vjbikv jiejs`fukv, lm v`wmsm( fjöi ìus` lk mpvìu` z lk ws`vìu` fkcsm `vw`fjml s`l`tmifjm ì lkv u`~ukv v`l`ffjkimekv, zm }p` ì `llkv `l s`d`sìu` ml }p` mlpeì lkv u`~ukv `v, ì s`mljeme, mlbk ji`~jvuìu`, wp`v v` s``s` ÿijfmhìu` m lm je`m k lm wkvjcj( ljeme e` pi u`~uk }p` ipifm v` s`mljmsí uml fkhk v` e`v`m k v` jhmbjim) V` usmum e` pim mlpvjöi k pim s`hjvjöi u`~upml }p` ik `v mimdösjfm, wp`v ik fkiepf` ml l`fuks m ijibpim wmsu` e`l u`~uk hìfjkimem fki miu`sjk( sjeme, w`sk }p` umhwkfk wkesèm fkivje`smsv` fmumdösjfm 4, wp`v mpi}p` vè v` ksjìum nmfjm wkvjfjki`v wkvu`sjks`v k hív me`lmiumemv e`l u`~uk, vp s`( hjvjöi `v nmfjm pi dpupsk }p` ik ll`bm ipifm m fkhwlùmsv` k vmujvdmf`sv`, fki lk }p` v` fs`m pim s`d`sìfjm np`fm k tmfèm, `v e`fjs, pi `vwmfjk }p`, mpi}p` ws`vìu`, ml hìkv fkhk jiuìfjöi k fkhk wskh`vm, ik fkiujì` imem z }p` v` fkibpsm fkhk pi vjlìfjk, fkhk pim lmbpim }p` `v, fkhk v`ýmlmcm ejffjkimsjk, pimk“mcvuìfjöi‘, pims`vuk “dmlum‘ pim “khjvjöi‘, eìusk e`l`lvkijek, `l spjek lm `~ws`vjöi e`l e`l ku`~uk) Wks}p`, ml iml, lm s`mljmfjöi e` lkv t`svkv ìpifjmekv ml jijfjk e`l wk`hm ik v` fkh( wlùm ij eìusk ij dp`sm e`l u`~uk, z vp s`d`sìfjm ik wpè` ìfkiusmsv` ij ì lm `vfsjupsm ij ì vp kcoùk) Lmv e`flmsmfjki`v jijfjml`v e` hpfnkv e` `vukv u`~ukv, wskflmhmemv e`ve` lm tklpiume e` ìpifjmfjöi e` pim wsjh`sm w`svkim, dpifjkimi, e` `vum dkshm, fkhk pim d`fnm ejvwmsmem nmfjm lm imem, }p` m w`vms e` v`s wsk( d`sjem z mtmims ì pim ejs`ffjöi eù`shjimem, ik mlfmimi ipifm ijibÿi clmifk, z fkiepfì lm hjsmem e`l l`fuks, ì pi ìbmýk hmbjvusml, nmfjm pim ejmim ji`~jvuìu`) O) Fmhms`sk, Hùmlju`smupsm) @vuspfupsmv dkshml`v lju`smsjmv, Cmsf`lkim, Miunskwkv, 3775, ww) 46 z 45) Lmv fpsvjtmv vki e`l ksjbjiml) 4N`lìm C`sjvuíji, Ejffjkimsjk e` Sùösjfm z Wkêujfm, Hê~jfk, Wkssÿm, =::2, .>¯ èjfjöi*, ww) 57

0

z >2)

:=


@i `l wk`hm iÿh`sk ^^ e` T`jiu` wk`hmv e` mhks z pim fmifjöi e`v`v( w`smem .=:35*, e` Wmclk I`spem, v` e`flmsm ws`fjvmhìu` `vum wkvjcjljeme) @l wk`hm v` jijfjm fki `l fkikfjek t`svk? “Wpèk `vfsjcjs lkv t`svkv hív usjvu`v `vum ikfn`‘, e`flmsmfjöi }p` e`c` v`s ìuìejem, ì hj kwjijöi, ì vp mvw`fuk hkeml e` “wkvjcjljeme‘ k “jiuìfjöi‘, hív }p` ì vp mvw`f( uk w`sdkshmujtk e` mfuk k “fmwmfjeme ì mffjöi‘ 2) @vum hjvhm e`flmsmfjöi e` jiuìfjki`v v` s`wùjsí us`v t`f`v m lk lmsbk e`l wk`hm, mpi}p` völk e`vwpêv e` lm wsjh`sm v` kds`f`, e` n`fnk, pi ò`hwlk k pim hmijd`vum( fjöi u`~upml e` `vum wkvjcjljeme m lm }p` mlpe` `l nmclmiu`, }p` fkiujiÿm vp mshmfjöi e` lm vjbpjìu` hmi`sm? “@vfsjcjs, wks ò`hwlk? „Lm ikfn` `vuí `vus`llmem,+ z ujsjumi, mpl`v, lkv mvuskv, m lk lòkv)‘> @vu` ò`hwlk e` lm wkvj( cjljeme e` `vfsjcjs t`svkv mwms`f` hmsfmek ujwkbsífmhìu` hèjmiu` `l pvk e` fkhjllmv, mlbk }p` lk ejvujibp` e`l s`vuk e` ìpifjmekv e`l wk`hm z }p` lk vjuÿm m pi ijt`l ejd`sìu`, }p` `v `l lpbms e`l kcoùk k `l lpbms e` lk s`d`sjek) @v e`fjs, wks pim ÿijfm kfmvjöi, z fkhk ò`hwlk ws`fjvmhìu` e` lk }p` dmlum k lk }p` v` vjlìfjm ì `l s`vuk e`l u`~uk, `l wk`hm “llìm‘ `vm wkvjcjljeme e` `vfsjcjs “t`svkv usjvu`v‘ fki pim hp`vusm fkifsùm e` `v` s`d`sìu` wkvjcl` ml }p` mwpium lm ejffjöi e`l nmclmiu`, s`d`sìu` }p` v` nmf` mvè ws`vìu`, ml nmc`sv` jiuskepfjek m}pè ì `l `vwmfjk u`~upml) @i lmv kusmv ekv kfmvjki`v, vji `hcmsbk, zm ik v` wskwksfjkimi hív ò`hwlkv e` fpíl`v v`sèmi, `~mfumhìu`, `vkv t`svkv usjvu`v }p` `l nmclmiu` e`flm( sm `vums ì fkiejfjki`v e` `vfsjcjs, fki lk }p` `vukv t`svkv, mipifjmekv k wskhùjekv, v` }pèmi vji s`mljms, fkitjsujêiekv` ì pim `vw`fj` e` ìjb( hm1 pim mpvìfjm k pi vjlìfjk wmsm `l l`fuks) Lkv t`svkv }p` imlhìu` v` `vfsjcì z }p` l``hkv vki kuskv z ejvujiukv m lkv }p` wkesèmi `vfsjcjsv`, z `l wk`hm }pèm fkidkshmek fkhk `l u`vujhkijk e` pim sìpifjm k pim jhwkvjcjljeme) Lm l`fupsm }p` wskwkibk e` `vu` wk`hm v` wkvjcjljum wks lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` `vu` “wpèk‘ hív ì vp mvw`fuk hkeml e` “jiuìfjöi‘ k “wkvjcjljeme‘ }p` ì vp mvw`fuk w`sdkshmujtk e` “fmwmfjeme ì mffjöi‘, v`bÿi `l fpml, `l “wpèk‘ s`hju` m pi n`fnk s`ml? “wpèk `vfsjcjs z lk `vukz nmfjìek‘) @vum `l`ffjöi `v ws`fjvmhìu` lm }p` nmf` wkvjcl` lm v`wmsmfjöi ìus` lkv t`svkv }p` v` “wkesèmi‘ `vfsjcjs z lkv }p` `d`fujtmhìu` v` `vuíi `vfsjcjìek, }p` ik vki, ì hj kwjijöi, lkv hjvhkv) @vum jiu`swsùmfjöi ej`s` e` lm vkvuìjem wks Íib`l Lpjv Lpoíi ì s`lmfjöi fki `vu` wk`hm, }pjì, m w`vms e` lm ejd`sìfjm e` vp l`fupsm, hìfjkim `~wlèfjumhìu` lm wmsmekom }p` s`vplum i`f`vmsjm wmsm hj jiu`swsùmfjöi? “Lm l`fupsm e` „wpèk‚ fkhk jiejfmeks e` jiuìfjki`v jiuskepf` pi wskcl`hm ì lm jiu`swsùmfjöi, z `v }p` vj `l wkùm ujì` jiuìfjöi e` „`vfsjcjs‚ t`svkv `v }p` lk }p` l``hkv ì `v` ìpifjmek ik vki ukemtèm t`svkv, lk fpml `v wmsmeöojfk)‘ M) L) Lpoíi, Wsmbhíujfm e`l ejvfpsvk lèsjfk, Hmesje, Msfk(Ljcskv, 3770, w) 47) M hj ìuìe`s, ik `v }p` lk }p` l``hkv “ik v`mi t`svkv‘, vjik }p` vki pikv t`svkv ejd`sìu`v e` lkv }p` v` e`flmsmcmi ì pi wsjifjwjk, fki lk }p` }pèmi, fkhk v` t`sí m lk lmsbk e` `vu` usmcmok, s`l`bmekv k fkieìmekv m pi vjlìfjk s`d`sìfjml) 2

>

Wmclk I`spem, T`jiu` wk`hmv e` mhks z pim fmifjöi e`v`vw`smem , Hmesje, Mljmim, w) =7:)

:3


Mlbk wms`fjek kfpss` ì `l wk`hm “Jiuìvjeme z mlupsm‘, e` Fêvms Tm( llòk, w`suì`fjìu` m Wk`hmv Nphmikv .=:36(=:6>*, }p` fkhcjim lm je`m skhíiujfm e` lm ji`dmcjljeme e` lk wkêujfk fki pim `~ws`vjöi fklk}pjml, ej( s`fum k “miujwkêujfm‘, hív f`sfmim m lmv tmibpmsejmv? ]pj`sk `vfsjcjs, w`sk h` vml` `vwphm, }pj`sk e`fjs hpfnèvjhk z h` mukllk1 ik nmz fjdsm nmclmem }p` ik v`m vphm, ik nmz wjsíhje` `vfsjum, vji fkbkllk) ]pj`sk `vfsjcjs, w`sk h` vjìuk wphm1 }pj`sk lmps`msh`, w`sk h` ìf`ckllk) Ik nmz uk nmclmem, }p` ik ll`bp` m csphm, ik nmz ejkv ij njok e` ejkv, vji e`vmsskllk))) : E` hmi`sm v`hòmiu` m lk }p` kfpssèm ì `l wk`hm e` I`spem, v` s`bjv( usm m}pè `l wskf`vk e` pim `vfsjupsm }p` kvfjlm ìus` lm i`f`vjeme z lm dspv( usmfjöi, ìus` `l e`v`k z vpv lkbskv) @l wk`hm s`vplumiu` ik `v mnksm umh( wkfk `l wk`hm e`v`mek k cpvfmek wks `l nmclmiu`, }p` `l l`fuks v` }pèm ip`tmhìu` vji l``s, vjik lm fkivumifjm e` vp jhwkvjcjljeme) Fkhk v`ýmlm @epmsek Fnjsjikv ì Lm hksmem e`l vjlìfjk, `vu` ujwk e` u`~ukv hp`vusmi lm wmsmekom e` v`s wk`hmv }p` “mpi}p` omhív wpej`ski `vfsjcjsv`, vji `h( cmsbk `vuíi)‘=7 Wks `vum fpmljeme vjhpluíi`m e` hkvusms lk ws`vìu` z lk mpvìu` z e` fkiusmvums lk ejfnk fki lk vjlìfjmek, `vu` mpuks llmhm m `vu` ujwk e` wk`hmv “wk`hmv mpukdíbjfkv‘, m}pêllkv }p` ml hjvhk uj`hwk }p` v` `~ws`vmi k v` hmij`vumi, v` ij`bmi k v` ckssmi m vè hjvhkv, wp`v “v` `sjbì fkhk lm wp`vum ì `vfìm e`l wk`hm }p` v` e`v`m `vfsjcjs, w`sk }p` ik v` `vfsjcjsí ipifm)‘== Eìusk e` `vu` ujwk e` wk`hmv mpukdíbjfkv wpè` jiflpjsv` `l wk`hm =7 e` Hpumujv Hpumiejv .=:42*, e` Oksb` @epmsek @j`lvki? `vfsjck mlbk mlbk ukemtèm mlbk hív mÿi mýmek wmlmcsmv wíomskv nkomv v`fmv tjìuk ckssk wmlmcsmv ip`tmhìu` :

Fêvms Tmllòk, Kcsm wkêujfm fkhwlùm, Tì`p`lm, Mzmfpfnk, =:2:, ww) =04 z =02) @epmsek Fnjsjikv, kw) fju), w) 377)

=7 ==

Jcje`h), ww) =:> z =::)

:6


ckssk wíomskv nkomv v`fmv tjìuk `vfsjck mlbk ukemtèm tp`ltk m mýmejs wmlmcsmv wmlmcsmv kusm t` wmlmcsmv mÿi me`hív wíomskv nkomv v`fmv tjìuk ckssk wmlmcsmv ip`tmhìu` ckssk wíomskv nkomv v`fmv tjìuk ckssk ukek wks i ik `vfsjck imem=3 Uml fkhk kfpssèm ì lkv wk`hmv miu`sjks`v, `l `d`fuk e` ckssmek k e` fkss`ffjöi }p` ujì` lpbms m}pè `ljhjim k jhwkvjcjljum e` mlbpim hmi`sm `l wk`hm }p` v` `vuí jiuìumiek `vfsjcjs(ml wms`f`s pi wk`hm vkcs` wíomskv, nkomv v`fmv z tjìuk(w`sk ik fkivjbp` `ljhjims, wmsmeöojfmhìu`, lmv np`( llmv e` vp jiuìuk k e` vp wskf`vk, }p` vki lmv }p` fkidkshmi, ì e`ijujtm, `l wk`hm }p` l`` `l l`fuks) @vum je`m e`l wk`hm fkhk u`vujhkijk e`l wskf`vk e` lm `vfsjupsm z e` vp ìpifjmfjöi mwms`f` w`sd`fumhìu` s`òmem ì `l u`~uk “@l bsmdöbsmdk‘ .=:23*, e` Vmltmeks @ljkiek, ì `l }p` `l mpuks(nmclmiu`, hív }p` `vfsj( cjs vkcs` pikv fkiuìjekv “lju`smsjkv‘ eù`shjimekv, `vfsjc` vkcs` `l mfuk hjvhk `vfsjcjs, ì pi wpè` uèuplk wsklkibmsv` jiijuk,e` z }p` mf`sfm m vpe`vekclmhjìuk nmclmiu`, fkhk}p` `l hjvhk vpbj`s`,nmvum hívlkm pim hí}pjim e` s`bjvusms lùsmv z wmlmcsmv }p` m pi nkhcs`? @vfsjck) @vfsjck }p` `vfsjck) Hìumlhìu` h` t`k `vfsjcjs }p` `vfsjck z umhcjêi wpèk t`sh` t`s }p` `vfsjck) H` s`( fp`sek `vfsjcjìek zm z umhcjêi tjêiekh` }p` `vfsjcèm) Z h` t`k s`fksemiek }p` h` t`k `vfsjcjs z h` s`fp`sek tjêiekh` s`fksems }p` `vfsjcèm z `vfsjck tjêiekh` `vfsjcjs }p` s`fp`s( ek nmc`sh` tjvuk `vfsjcjs }p` h` t`èm `vfsjcjs }p` s`fksemcm nmc`sh` tjvuk `vfsjcjs }p` `vfsjcèm z }p` `vfsjcèm }p` `vfsjck }p` `vfsjcèm) Umhcjêi wpèk jhmbjimsh` `vfsjcjìek }p` zm nmcèm `vfsjuk }p` h` jhmbjimsèm `vfsjcjìek }p` nmcèm `vfsj( uk }p` h` jhmbjimcm `vfsjcjìek }p` h` t`k `vfsjcjs }p` `vfsjck) =6 =3

@epmsek Fnjsjikv, kw) fju), w) =::)

=6

Vmltmeks @ljkiek, “@l bsmdöbsmdk‘, ì @l bsmdöbsmdk, Hê~jfk, Okm}pèi Hksuj, =:23, w) :)

:5


Fki `vu` s`d`sjsv` ml wskf`vk e` lm `vfsjupsm, ukekv lkv u`~ukv miu`sjks`v me}pj`sì pi fmsífu`s hùmu`~pml k hùmwkêujfk, uml fkhk e`hp`vusm lm ws`vìfjm s`wùjem e` “`vfsjcjs‘, “`vfsjck‘, “t`svkv‘, z, `vw`fjmlhìu`, e` “wmlmcsmv‘) Vji `hcmsbk, lm hìfjöi e` `vfsjcjs t`svkv k wmlmcsmv s`vplum pi umiuk sèpiemiu` k fjsfplms z, ml hjvhk uj`hwk, tmfèm1 v` fkitj`su` ì pim hmi`sm e` `vfsjcjs vji `vfsjcjs, wp`v m w`vms e` }p` ik v` `vw`fjfm ij v` fkifsùm fpíl`v vki `vkv t`svkv k `vmv wmlmcsmv, umhwkfk wms`f` wke`s `tjumsv` k fkiuì`sv` vp `~ws`vjöi z vp hmijd`vumfjöi) E` `vum hmi`sm, `vm `vfsjupsm v` hp`vusm fkhk musmwmem ìus` ekv jhwkvjcjljeme`v? lm jh( wkvjcjljeme e` e`fjs z lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` fmllms, fki lk }p` vp ÿijfm vklpfjöi wms`f` v`s lm e` nmclms fmllmiek, lm e` fkit`sujs vp jhwkvjcjljeme ì `l u`hm hjvhk e` vp `~ws`vjöi, z eòms mvè fkivumifjm e` vp ejl`hm jiu`sik) Fkhk v`ýmlm Okvê Íib`l Tmlìu`, `vu` ujwk e` `vfsjupsm? V` hp`t` ìus` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` e`fjs z lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` ik e`fjs) Ukfm mvè `v` lèhju` `~usmýk z `~us`hk ì }p` lm wmlm( csm wsk`s` `l vjlìfjk, ì }p` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` lm wmlmcsm `v vp ÿijfm wkvjcjljeme, ì }p` lm jhwkvjcjljeme hjvhm `v lm vklm hmu`sjm }p` nmf` wkvjcl` `l fmiuk) =5 Fki `vuk lm wmlmcsm wj`se` vp tmlks e` s`d`sìfjm `~u`sim z v` fkitj`su` ì vjbik e` vè hjvhm, lk }p` `}pjtml` m e`fjs }p` v` fkitj`su` ì pi vjbik e` lm imem, e`l tmfèk, k e`l vjlìfjk) Lm jiuìfjöi wms`f` v`s ìukif`v, wks pi lmek, z e` hmi`sm bì`sml, lm e` vjlìfjms lm hjvhm wmlmcsm wkêujfm fkhk uml, fpzk tmlks k mlfmif` wmsm usmivhjujs eù`shjimekv `vumekv z fkiuìj( ekv wkêujfkv v` fp`vujkim, wp`v fkhk v`ýmlm @epmsek Fnjsjikv, `vukv wk`( hmv “mpukdíbjfkv‘ wlmiu`mi fki vp `~ws`vjöi “pim e`vfkimim dsìu` ml tmlks e`l vjbik)‘ =0 Wks kusk lmek, z e` hmi`sm hív `vw`fèfm, lk }p` v` w`svjbp` fki `vum dkshm e` vjlìfjmhjìuk `v mfmllms pi ujwk eù`shjimek e` wk`vèm, w`suì`fjìu` m lm usmejfjöi k `l `vujlk tjbìu` ì `l hkhìuk e` lm `vfsjupsm e` `vukv wk`hmv, z fsjujfms lm fkif`wfjöi }p` `vum wk`vèm ujì` e` “lk wkêujfk‘, fkhk v` t`sí ì lmv wíbjimv vjbpjìu`v) @l wk`hm “S`vwp`vum‘, e` Okvê Nj`ssk, w`suì`fjìu` ml wk`hmsjk Ml`( bsèm .=:52* ` jiflpjcl` umhcjêi eìusk e` lkv wk`hmv hùmljibüèvujfkv z mp( uki`bmeks`v, fkivujupz` pi cpì ò`hwlk e` lm wsjh`sm dpifjöi e` `vu` ujwk e` vjlìfjmhjìuk, zm }p` hp`vusm lm e`vfkimim ì lmv fmwmfjeme`v `~ws`vjtmv e` lm wmlmcsm wkêujfm) @vum e`vfkimim lm t`scmljm `~wlèfjum( hìu` pi nmclmiu` }p`, fkitìfjek e` lm jipujljeme e` vp `vdp`sk, sìpi( =5

Okvê Íib `l Tmlìu`, Tmsjmfjki`v vkcs` `l wíomsk z lm sè, Cmsf`lkim, Upv}pùv, 3777, w) 26)

=0

@) Fnjsjikv, kw) fju), w) 37=)

:0


fjm m lm dkshplmfjöi ì wmlmcsmv e` `vm “s`vwp`vum‘ `~jbjem wks vp jiu`slk( fpuks, wp`v jitklpfsm pi fkikfjhjìuk z pim `~w`sjìfjm tjuml `vìfjml`v, wmsm lmv }p` `l lìbpmo` s`vplum jivpfjìu`? ))) H` ws`bpiumv, mhjbk, z ik vê }pê s`vwp`vum n` e` emsu`) Nmf` zm hpfnk uj`hwk mwsìeè nkiemv smki`v }p` uÿ ik fkhwsìe`v) S`t`lmslmv }pjvj`sm, wkijìek ì hjv kokv `l vkl jitjvjcl`, lm wmvjöi fki }p` eksm lm uj`ssm vpv dspukv fmljìu`v) H` ws`bpiumv, mhjbk, z ik vê }pê s`vwp`vum n` e` emsu`) )))

Ml jbpml }p` ìmwsk~jhmfjki`v lkv fmvkv miu`sjks`v, `l nmclmiu` wkêujfk fkhk kds`f`s`vwp`v( m fkiuj( ipmfjöi ejvujiumv m lk }p` wkesèm kds`f`sv` um m `vm ws`bpium vjlìfjkvm, fki pim dsmv` }p` pujljm, ip`tmhìu`, `l mv( w`fuk hkeml e` lk wkvjcl` k lk s`hkuk, usmivhjujek hèjmiu` `l jhw`sd`fuk e`l vpcopiujtk‖“Vj mnksm zk u` ejo`sm‘( z }p` v` s`wju` m lk lmsbk e` ukek `l wk`hm? ))) Vj mnksm zk u` ejo`sm }p` nmcèm }p` miems wks fjpeme`v w`sejemv z llksms ì vpv fmll`v kvfpsmv vjiujêiekv` eêcjl, z fmiums cmok pi ísckl e` `vuèk upv vp`ýkv kvfpskv, z vìujsu` n`fnk e` mjs` z e` ipc` z e` nj`scm hpz t`se`․

:4


Vj mnksm zk u` ejo`sm }p` `v up tjem `vm skfm ì }p` skhw` lm klm, lm ks hjvhm }p` tjcsm z v` llìm e` mpl cmok `l flmsk ikse`vu`, m}p`l nkhcs` }p` tm wks `l fmhwk ikfupsik ll`tmiek pim miuksfnm, m}p`l ijýk }p` mkum lm hms fki hmik jikfìu`․ ))) W`sk umhcjêi ml jbpml }p` ì lkv fmvkv miu`sjks`v, `vumv mwsk~jhmfjki`v ik vki hív }p` jiuìukv dmlljekv, ò`hwlkv e` mf`sfmhjìukv t`scml`v e`l `vujlk e` lkv kds`fjekv wks I`spem ì vp wk`hm, }p`, ì vp jhwkvjcjljeme k vp dspvusmfjöi, e`cì s`fpssjs m lm e`vfsjwfjöi hùmdösjfm, lm ÿijfm }p` wms`f` mf`sfmsv` pi wkfk hív m lk }p` }pj`s` usmivhjujsv`? up tjem `v “`vm skfm‘, “lm ks‘, “m}p`l nkhcs`‘, “m}p`l ijýk‘) Pim t` hív wpè` t`sv` föhk `l nmclmiu`, ik vmujvd`fnk fki `vumv dks ( hplmfjki`v ljibüèvujfmv lmv fp`vujkim k lmve`vejf`, lk }p` `}pjtml`, e` mlbpim hmi`sm, m ckssmslmv, wks fkivje`smslmv jivpfjìu`v z wks}p` vki, ì s`vphj( emv fpìumv,mvw`fukv wmlmcsmv,vìvjcl`v vjbikv, `vfsjupsm vkcs` fkhk pi wmw`l, jifmwm e` usmivhjujs k fkiuì`s e` lm s`mljeme `l fmlks, `l klks, `l fklks, `l vmcks, `l vkijek, ùf) Wks `v` hkujtk, vj `l nmclmiu` “ejo`sm‘ `vmv fkvmv m hkek e` s`vwp`vum, fkvm }p` ik tm m nmf`s m}pè umhwkfk, ik fkiv`bpjsèm nmf`sv` ìuìe`s wks vp jiu`slkfpuks, wks lk }p` lm ÿijfm vklpfjöi wms`f` v`s, fkhk v` mipifjmcm mssjcm, lm e` i`bms lm wmlmcsm hjvhm, dkshplmiek, wmsmeö ( ojfmhìu`, }p` lm hòks s`vwp`vum wkvjcl`m lm ws`bpium wlmiu`mem v`sèm m}pê( llm }p` fkivjbpj`sm `~ws`vmsv` hèjmiu` `l vjlìfjk, `v e`fjs, “vji wmlmcsmv‘? ))) Vj zk u` ejo`sm `vumv fkvmv, mhjbk, »}pê dp`bk wkiesèm ì hj ckfm, }pê nj`ssk fmieìu`, }pê klks`v, fklks`v, vmcks`v, fkiumfukv, vkijekv; Z »föhk vmc`s vj h` ìujìe`v; »Föhk ìusms ì up mlhm skhwjìek upv nj`lkv;

:2


»Föhk nmf`su` vìujs wmsm vj`hws` tìfjem lm hp`su`; »Föhk mnkiems ì up jitj`sik, ll`tms m up ikfn` lm lpim, wki`s ì up kvfpsm usjvu`m lm lphcs` f`l`vu`;

Vji wmlmcsmv, mhjbk1 uìèm }p` v`s vji wmlmcsmv fkhk uÿ h` ìuìej`v`v)=4 @vum wsjh`sm dpifjöi e` i`bmfjöi z fp`vujkimhjìuk e` lm wmlmcsm wkê( ujfm z e`l lìbpmo` }p`, fkhk v` t`èm ì `l ò`hwlk miu`sjks, ik bmsmiujm lm fkhpijfmfjöi ij lm fkhws`vjöi lkv fkiuìjekv wkêujfkv, v` tp`lt` pim fsèuj( fm `~wlèfjum ì lm tmlksmfjöi i`bmujtm }p` e` `llm z e` lm `vfsjupsm s`mljm Tj( fìu` Ml`j~mies` ì vp wk`hm “Wmlmcsmv‘, e` @vwmemv fkhk lmcjkv .=:63*? W`sk ik jhwksum }p` ukek `vuê usmi}pjlk .Lm wmlmcsm `vm lmim hmsfnjum* ks uÿ hpfnmfnm fmvj e`vipem tjtm tjtm .lm wmlmcsm `vm msìm hmfnmfmem* Hpfnmfnm fki up vkhcsm }pê eplf` lpfnm fkhk pim hj`l dpbm }p` fmvj hp`vusm ckse`v .Lm wmlmcsm lm wmlmcsm lm wmlmcsm }pê uksw` tjìus` njifnmek* ))) Wmw`l Lìbpm e` lpuk Mhìmm Wpesje`sk wmlmcsmv wmlmcsmv wmlmcsmv wmlmcsmv Jsmfpiejm C`vujml Uksw`m Mhmsjll` wmlmcsmv fkiusm `l tjìus` k hpvlkv vpfjmv ))) wmlmcsm }p` v` wj`se` fkhk msìm) =2 Okvê Nj`ssk, Ml`bsèm, Hmesje, Ukss`hkmv, =::=, ww) 32 z 3>) Tjfìu` Ml`j~mies`,@vwmemv fkhk lmcjkv) Lm e`vuspffjöi k `l mhks, Hmesje, Fmvumljm, =:>:, w) >0)

=4

=2

:>


@i `vu` fmvk, `l s`fnmk e` lm wmlmcsm v` nmf` `tjeìu` ì lm kwkvjfjöi }p` v` `vumcl`f` ì `l wk`hm ìus` lk s`ml, ì fpmiuk tjtk ‖lm imupsml`m, lm hp ( o`s( z lk hp`suk, lk ìd`shk k lk vpfjk, }p` `v lm wmlmcsm) @vum wmlmcsm, wks v`s vjbik e` lm fkvm z ik lm fkvm hjvhm, v` fkhwmsm fki lm “lmim hmsfnjum‘, fki lm “msìm hmfnmfmem‘, fki pi “tjìus` njifnmek‘, hjìusmv }p` `l wmw`l, lpbms ì }p` v` mlc`sbm z ml }p`v` fjsfpivfsjc` `vu` vjbik, v` eìkhjim “Lìbpm e` lpuk‘ z “Wpesje`sk‘, ì vp fkivje`smfjöi e` lpbms msujfjml k v`bpiem s`mljeme ì lm }p` lk tjtk zm ik ujì` fmcjem) @vum kwkvjfjöi v` v`ýmlm me`hív ì `l u`~ ( uk hèjmiu` lm mlu`simifjm ujwkbsífm e` t`svkv fkitìfjkiml`v k vji hmsfmv wmsujfplms`v z t`svkv `vfsjukv ìus` wmsêiu`vjv, }p` dpifjkim m hkek e` e`v ( ekclmhjìuk ejvfpsvjtk z vpcsmzm lm `~jvuìfjm e` ekv ijt`l`v vjbijfmujtkv z s`d`sìfjml`v, `l wkêujfk k`~u`sik, z `l hùmwkêujfk khùmljibüèvujfk, jiu`s( ik) Hjìusmv lkv t`svkv jhwms`v e` lm wsjh`sm `vuskdm mshmi fki vp ws`vì( fjm lm `~ws`vjöi wkêujfm ml `vujlk usmejfjkiml z s`hjuì ml kcoùk e`l wk`hm k m lk }p` `l wk`hm s`ws`vìum ‖lm hpfnmfnm k mhmem m lm }p` `l wk`hm mlpe`, `~u`sim k mpvìu` e`l wk`hm( lkv t`svkv wms`v e``vum hjvhm `vuskdm wms`fì js fp`vujkimiek k i`bmiek lm wkvjcjljeme e` lmwmlmcsm wkêujfm fkhk uml, z wks lk umiuk, wms`fì js i`bíiekv` k ckssíiekv` m vè hjvhkv, fkhk kfpssèm ì `l wk`hm mpukdíbjfk e` @j`lvki, ì pim mlpvjöi k s`d`sìfjm jiu`sim }p` mwpium m lkv t`svkv `~ws`vmekv eìusk e`lwk`hm, ì `l sìblöi miu`sjks) @vu` ÿlujhk ijt`l hùmwkêujfk k hùmljibüèvujfk `vuí ws`vìu` umhcjêi ì lm s`wùjfjöi jivjvuìu` e` lm wmlmcsm “wmlmcsmv‘, }p` `lnmclmiu` mfphplm m hkek e` }pòm k lmhìuk, z }p` mwpium nmfjm lm je`m e` lm wk`vèm fkhk pi `~f`vk e` t`scm ( ljmfjöi, fkhk pim mfphplmfjöi e` mlbk }p` `vuí, ì s`mljeme, np`fk, wp`vuk }p`, fkhk v` v`ýmlö mssjcm, lm wmlmcsm “wmlmcsm‘ `v pivjbik tmfèk e` s`d`sì( fjm `~u`sim z e` pi fkiuìjek wkêujfk eù`shjimek) Lm fmsmfu`sjmfjöi i`bmujtm e` lm t`scmljeme k e`l `~f`vk e` wmlmcsmv ì `vu` ujwk e` wk`hmv ik völk mlfmim m lm wmlmcsm mjvlmem, vjik }p` umhcjêi v` s``s` m vp pijöi k vp vjium~jv, `v e`fjs, m ukek `l ejvfpsvk ì }p` `vumv wmlmcsmv v` jiv`sumi, ejvfpsvk löbjfk, vpf`vjtk z e`vmsskllmek fki `l }p` lm fplupsm kffjeìuml nm fkivuspjek usmejfjkimlhìu` vp vìujek) @vum fsèujfm ml ejvfpsvk löbjfk z kseìmek v` ìfkiusmcm umhcjêi ws`vìu` ì `l wk`hm e` Tmllòk, ì lmv e`f`wfjkimemv e`flmsmfjki`v e`l nmclmiu`? “ik nmz fjdsm nmclmem }p` ik v`m vphm‘, “ik nmz ejkv ij njok e` ejkv, vji e`vmsskllk‘, fkivumumfjki`v s`lmujtmv ws`fjvmhìu` m lm lji`mljeme e` pi lìbpmo` }p` ujì` }p` fkiuìumsv` fki usmepfjs lm s`mljeme e` hmi`sm mfphplmujtm z vp( f`vjtm, smöi }p` wms`f` v`s lk }p` hkujtm }p` `vu` nmclmiu` mcmieki` lm ums`m e` `vfsjcjs wmsm eèjfmsv` m mffjki`v fkhk lmv jiejfmemv ì lkv ekv ÿlujhkv u`sfùkv, }p`, fkhk v` t`sí, s`vplumi hpfnk hív wskvmjfmv)

::


@vum tmlksmfjöi ìlmm fki lm v`bpiem dpifjöi }p` n` v`ýmlmek wmsm `vu` ujwk e` wk`hmv, }p` `v lm e` i`bms k vjlìfjms, ik völk lm wmlmcsm wkê( ujfm ì bì`sml, vjik pim eù`shjimem fkif`wfjöi e` êvum, mvkfjmem m pi ujwk e` `vfsjupsm wpiupml, njvuösjfk z fkifsùk) @l s`fnmk e` lm wmlmcsm ik `vuí zm wsktkfmek ÿijfmhìu` wks lm jifmwmfjeme bì`sml e`l lìbpmo` z e` lm wk`vèm, vjik umhcjêi wks pim hmi`sm wmsujfplms e` ìuìe`s `vum ÿlujhm, }p`, mvkfjmem m mýkv e` usmejfjöi, mssmvusm pi w`vk `~f`vjtk z wmsmljmiu`, s`vwkivmcl` ì hpfnkv e` `vukv u`~ukv e` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` e`fjs) Miu` `vuk, v` wskwki` pi wk`hm }p` v`m vklmhìu` `~ws`vjöi, vklmhìu` ìpi( fjmfjöi k fmiuk1 }p` v` tmfè` e` fkiuìjek wmsm v`s imem hív lm hmijd`vum ( fjöi `~wlkvjtm e` pi vjlìfjk, uml fkhk mwms`f` ì `l wk`hm “Pi fmiuk‘, e` Okvê Íib`l Tmlìu`, w`suì`fjìu` m Lm h`hksjm z lkv vjbikv .=:47(=:40*? Pi fmiuk) ]pjvj`sm pi fmiuk }p` njfj`v` `vumllms ì fjì wmlmcsmv fj`bmv lm wmlmcsm jiukfmcl`) Pi fmiuk) Hmv ipifm lm wmlmcsm fkhk èeklk kc`vk, mljhìumek e` je`mv }p` lk dp`ski z fmsfkh` lm llptjm) Lm `~wlkvjöi e` pi vjlìfjk) ) ) => Fs`k }p` ì `vu` dsmbhìuk v` nmf` `~wlèfjum lm kwkvjfjöi }p` wlmiu`mi ukekv `vukv u`~ukv ìus` lm wmlmcsm wkêujfm usmejfjkiml, ì fj`suk hkek hj( ujfmem, m lm }p` v` e`i` m}pè fkhk “wmlmcsm jiukfmcl`‘ ` “èeklk kc`vk‘, z `l ip`tk ujwk e` `~ws`vjöi }p` `vukv u`~ukv wskwkiì, }p` `v `l e` pim wk`vèm fìusmem ik umiuk ì `l fkiuìjek löbjfk fkhk ì lm vjhwl` ìpi( fjmfjöi k `~ws`vjöi1 ì vp dmfùm e` fmiuk vpfjìu` wks vè hjvhk, z ik i`f`vjumek e` hmzks `~wljfmfjöi k e`vmsskllk) =>

Okvê Íib`l Tmlìu`, @l dplbks) Miuklkbèm wkêujfm .=:06(3777*, Cmsf`lkim, Bmlm~jm Bpuìc`sb,

377=, ww) 2: z >7)

=77


@l vjlìfjmhjìuk jsèm ejsjbjek, ì `vum v`bpiem dpifjöi, ml fkif`wuk hjv( hk e` lk }p` v` fkivje`sm k v` nm fkivje`smek “wkêujfk‘ ì pim usmejfjöi lju`smsjm eù`shjimem, ì `l }p` lm wmlmcsm e`c` me`fpmsv`, ì fpmiuk m vp fkiuìjek, vkiksjeme z s`vkimifjmv, ml föejbk e` “lk wöùjfk‘) @l ò`hwlk }p` wskwksfjkim `l wk`hm ^^ e` I`spem vkcs` lkv “t`svkv usjvu`v‘ }p` wpè` `vfsjcjs `l nmclmiu`(“Lm ikfn` `vuí `vus`llmem,+ z ujsjumi mpl`v, lkv mvuskv, m lk lòkv‘(`v, ws`fjvmhìu`, pim hp`vusm e` pi t`svk usmejfjkiml wmsm lm êwkfm, pi t`svk fki s`vkimifjmv hke`sijvumv z vjhckljvumv ì }p` lkv vìujhjìukv e`l nmclmiu` v` wskz`fumi vkcs` lm imupsml`m k vkcs` `l wmjvmo`)=: Vji `hcmsbk, `vu` ujwk e` “ò`hwlkv‘ k hp`vusmv wkêujfmv e` t`s( vkv usjvu`v, fkhk hìfjkiê miu`v, zm ik tp`lt` m wskepfjsv` ì `l wk`hm, }p` ws``s` s`fs`ms `l u`hm e` lm ìpifjmfjöi z lm `vfsjupsm) E` pim hmi`sm jhwlèfjum, `l wk`hm `vuí vjlìfjmiek k i`bmiek pi ujwk e` `vfsjupsm wkêujfm wmsm mshms kusm, fki lk }p` `l vjlìfjk hmsfm `l uêshjik k lm fkiflpvjöi e` pim eù`shjimem ùmwm z `l jijfjk e` pim ip`tm) @vum dpifjöi ljhjims e`l vjlìfjk, }p` kw`sm fkhk hmsbì k cmss`sm, v` mfìuÿm ì `vu` fmvk vj uì`hkv ì fpìum }p` `l wk`hm hìfjkimek kfpwm umhcjêi pim wkvjfjöi iml eìusk e`l ljcsk z }p` `l nmclmiu`, e`vwpêv e` nmc`s eèjfmek ej`fj( ip`t` wk`hmv m lm wêsejem e` lm mhmem, wms`f` hmijd`vums, ì `vu` ÿlujhk “wk`hm e` mhks‘, lm jivpfjìfjm z lm fksuème e` ukek lk ejfnk miu`sjks( hìu`, ml jiejfms, m hkek e` s`vphì k fkiflpvjöi, }p`, ì vphm, `l `vumek e`l nmclmiu` `v uml }p` wkesèm `vfsjcjs lkv t`svkv hív usjvu`v, mpi}p` `vuk ik v` tmzm m nmf`s zm, wp`v `vukv t`svkv v` wskwkiì fkhk “lkv ÿlujhkv t`svkv }p` zk l` `vfsjck‘, lk }p` ws`vphjcl`hìu` vphjsí ml nmclmiu` ì pi vjlìfjk ukuml, ml hìkv ì lk }p` s`vw`fum m `vu` wk`hmsjk) Wks vp wmsu`, ì `l wk`hm e` Fêvms Tmllòk, `vum wkvjfjöi lèhju` ìus` lk usmejfjkiml z lk ip`tk v` nmf` `~wlèfjum eìusk e`l wk`hm hjvhk, ì `l fkiusmvu` ìus` lmv jiuìfjki`v e`l nmclmiu` }p` }pj`s` “lmps`msv`‘, w`sk }p` v` “ìf`ckllm‘, wks lk }p` sìpifjm m `vu` ujwk e` `~ws`vjöi z mfmcm mekwumiek pi ukik hmsfmemhìu` “miujwkêujfk‘, e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum e`l föejbk wkêujfk usmejfjkiml }p` v` v`bpèm mÿi ì lkv ekv wsjh`skv fpms ( uùkv? ))) Êvum `v ws`fjvmhìu` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` Íib`l Lpjv Lpoíi wmsm `vu` dsmbhìuk? “Lkv t`svkv tjìì hmsfmekv wks pim `vuêujfm fkifsùm, fkhk hp`vusm `l ò`hwlk }p` I`spem ikv em fkhk „wkvjcl`v t`svkv usjvu`v‚) E`vfpcsjhkv mnè lm `vuêujfm e`l hke`sijvhk z e`l vjhckljvhk ì }p` `l wmjvmo` z lm imupsml`m vki tjvukv fkhk vèhcklkv e` `vumekv e` íijhk nphmik? m}pè lm je`m e` lm jihìvjeme e` lm ikfn` llìm e` `vus`llmv, fki vp dsèk .ujsjums, mpl`v* z vp lòmièm vjhckljmi `l `vwmfjk tmfèk z e` vklème, z lm jiu`hw`sj` mièhjfm ì }p` v` vjuÿm `l wkùm‘) M) L) Lpoíi, kw) fju),

=:

w) 4=)

=7=


Tíhkikv, wp`v, wks `vk, m fkh`s z`scm, fmsi` e` llmiuk, dspum e` b`hjek, ip`vusm mlhm h`lmiföljfm ì fkiv`stm) Tíhkikv- Tíhkikv- @vukz n`sjek1 Tíhkikv m c`c`s lk zm c`cjek, tíhkikv, fp`stk, m d`fpiems up fp`stm)37 @l s`fnmk e` pim wk`vèm usmejfjkiml k ml pvk wmsm pim eù`shjimem êwk( fm, }p` `v m}pè umhcjêi, fkhk kfpssèm ì `l wk`hm e` I`spem, lm wk`vèm skhíiujfm z hke`sijvum, wpè` mws`fjmsv` flmsmhìu` ì lm jskièm k lm mp( ukjskièm e`l nmclmiu` z ì `l hkek ì }p` êvu` v` s``s` m vp “mlhm‘ z m vp “h`lmifklèm‘, wmlmcsmv fmsmfu`sèvujfmv e` lkv `vujlkv z êwkfmv wkêujfmv hìfjkimemv, z }p` m}pè v` ws`vìumi ì pi fkiu`~uk flmsmhìu` e`vhjuj( fmeks, fkhk `v `l e` pim lmum e` fkiv`stmv) @i `vu` fmvk, me`hív, lm fkiv( umumfjöi e` lm jivpfjìfjm e` lm wmlmcsm z e`l ejvfpsvk wkêujfk ik fkiepf` ml nmclmiu` m wskwki`s mlu`simujtmv `~ws`vjtmv k u`ösjfmv, fkhk ì `l fmvk e`l wk`hm e` Tmlìu`, vjik }p`, e` pim hmi`sm hpfnk hív smejfml, v` fki( tj`su` ì lm sìpifjm ukuml m fpml}pj`s `vfsjupsm, }p` v` t` vpvujupjem wks mf ( fjki`v `l`hìuml`v fkhk “fkh`s‘, “c`c`s‘ z “d`fpiems‘) @vumv mffjki`v w`shjuì mws`fjms `l `vumek e` dspvusmfjöi e`l nmclmiu` z vp s`vjbimfjöi jifkidksh`, zm }p` êvu` `ljb` lkv mvw`fukv hív nphmikv z wskvmjfkv e` vp w`svkim, miu` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` mffè`s m lkv `vumekv `l`tmekv, “wkêuj( fkv‘ k “lmps`mekv‘ }p` v` hìfjkimcmi ì `l jijfjk e`l wk`hm) @l fkiusmvu` }p` v` wskepf` eìusk e` lkv ekv wk`hmv miu`sjks`v z }p` v` t` dmtks`fjek wks `l vjlìfjmhjìuk s`d`sìfjml umhcjêi mwms`f` ì `l wk`hm fjumek e` Tjfìu` Ml`j~mies`, ì `l e`vekclmhjìuk ejvfpsvjtk wsk( epfjek ìus` lkv t`svkv wms`v ` jhwms`v, }p` w`shju` t`s lm kvfjlmfjöi k lm tmfjlmfjöi e`l wk`hm z e`l nmclmiu` ìus` lm mshmfjöi e` lm wk`vèm z vp i`bmfjöi, ìus` pim fkif`wfjöi wkêujfm z kusm) @i lm hmzksèm e` wk`hmv mimljmekv ì wíbjimv miu`sjks`v wpè` t`sv` `v` hjvhk fksu`, fkiusmvu` jiu`sik k fmhcjk e` ejs`ffjöi }p` v` wskep( f` m lk lmsbk e`l e`vmsskllk u`~upml z }p` nmf` }p` `vukv wk`hmv wpèmi fmljfmsv`, ì `v` vìujek, e` wk`hmv dspvusmekv ì fpmiuk m vp jiuìfjöi z ejs`ffjöi jijfjml) Lkv wk`hmv v` jijfjmi fki pi jhwplvk }p` ik ll`bm m vp fkiv`fpfjöi, vjik }p` e`fm` k e`fljim vji t`sv` fkhwlùmek) E` ìus` lmv 37

=73

Fêvms Tmllòk, kw) fju), ww) =04 z =02)


ejvujiumv wkvjcjljeme`v `~jvuìu`v e` vjlìfjmhjìuk u`~upml, `vukv u`~ukv kwumi wks pi ujwk e` vjlìfjk s`d`sìfjml, cmvmek ik umiuk ì lm mpvìfjm e` lùsmv k wmlmcsmv, ì tmfèkv u`~upml`v k ì clmifkv ujwkbsífkv, vjik ì pim s`lmfjöi jifkhwlùm k fmsìu` ìus` lk ejfnk z ws`vìu` z lk mlpejek, }p` ik völk `vuí mpvìu` ì fpmiuk w`suì`fjìu` m wskf`vkv “`~u`sikv‘ e` lm l`fupsm, fkhk lm vjbijfmfjöi k lm s`d`sìfjm, vjik umhcjêi ì fpmiuk ik s`mljmek, ik t`scmljmek z ik s`ws`vìumek) Mpi}p` `l vjlìfjmhjìuk s`d`sìfjml }p` v` pujljm ì `vukv wk`hmv vjst` wmsm wki`s e` hmij`vuk lm jivpfjìfjm e`l lìbpmo` wkêujfk fkhk uml z lm vpw`smfjöi e` eù`shjim( emv `vfp`lmv, `vujlkv k hktjhjìukv, fs`k }p` vp dpifjöi wsjifjwml `v, hív }p` nmclms e` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` `~ws`vjöi, hkvusmslm k `tjeìfjmslm fki lm dspvusmfjöi e` pi wk`hm }p`, jijfjmek fki kusmv jiuìfjki`v, ik wpè` u`shjimsv` k fkiflpjsv` e` `vm dkshm z v` t` dksmek m ukhms pi sphck ejd`sìu` z fkit`sujsv` ì kusm fkvm) @v e`fjs, `l wk`hm v` fkitj`su` ì pi ò`hwlk e` lm hjvhm sìpifjm k jhwkvjcjljeme }p` u`hmujm) @l vjlìfjk s`d`sìfjml `v, ws`fjvmhìu`, `l u`vujhkijk k lm wsp`cm e` `vm jhwkvjcjljeme e` e`fjs lk }p` v` }pj`s` e`fjs, e` fkiv`bpjs }p` `l wk`hm v`m lk }p` v` e`v`m }p` v`m, z v` s`t`lm fkhk pi s`fpsvk `~w`sjhìuml z spwupsjvum }p`, e` hmi`sm hpz `lkfpìu`, fkivjbp` e`fjs vji e`fjs z vjlìfjms lm `~ws`vjöi, vji sìpifjms m `llm)

=76


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Ml`j~mies`, T), @vwmemv fkhk lmcjkv) Lm e`vuspffjöi k `l mhks , Hmesje, Fmvumljm, =:>:) Mhksöv, M), “Lm sùösjfm e`l vjlìfjk‘, Lkv Fpme`sikv e`l Iksu` JJJ, i· =4, =:>3) Mshmiuskpu, Sm`, “Wkùjf vjlìf`‘, @e) Ckc W`s`lhmi, Rsjujib+Umlav, Fmsckieml`, Vkpun`si Jlljikjv Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, =:>0) C`sjvuíji, N`lìm, Ejffjkimsjk e` Sùösjfm z Wkêujfm, Hê~jfk, Wkssÿm, =::2, .>¯ èjfjöi*) Fmhms`sk, O), Hùmlju`smupsm) @vuspfupsmv dkshml`v lju`smsjmv, Cmsf`lkim, Miunskwkv, 3775) Fnjsjikv, @epmsek, Lm hksmem e`l vjlìfjk) Pim s``~jöi vkcs` `l vjlìfjk ì lm wk`vèm m wmsujs e` lmv kcsmv e` R`vuwnmlì, Skomv, Kskfk, Vklkbpsì, @j`lvki z Wjmsija, Hê~jfk, DF@, =::>) Ejffjkimsjk e` lm Lìbpm @vwmýklm, S`ml Mfme`hjm @vwmýklm, Hmesje, @v( wmvm, 3=¯ èjfjöi, =::3, 3 tklv) @ljkiek, v), @l bsmdöbsmdk, Hê~jfk, Okm}pèi Hksuj, =:23) Nj`ssk, O), Ml`bsèm, Hmesje, Ukss`hkmv, =::= .=:52*) Lpoíi mujìm, m) L), Wsmbhíujfm e`l ejvfpsvk lèsjfk, Hmesje, Msfk(Ljcskv, 3770) I`spem, W), T`jiu` wk`hmv e` mhks z pim fmifjöi e`v`vw`smem, Hmesje, Mljmim @ejuksjml, 3775) Tmlìu`, O) M), Tmsjmfjki`v vkcs` `l wíomsk z lm sè, ws`fèjek e` Lm wjèsm z `l fìusk, Cmsf`lkim, Upv}pùv, 3777) (((( @l dplbks) Miuklkbèm wkêujfm .=:06(3777*, Cmsf`lkim, Bmlm~jm Bpuì( c`sb, 377=) Tmllòk, F, Kcsm wkêujfm fkhwlùm, .è) e` @isj}p` Cmllöi Mbpjss`*, Mzm( fpfnk, QW`sÿX, =:2:)

=75

@l vjlìfjk ì lm imssmujtm njvwmikmh`sjfmim e` lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^ Mibêljfm Uksi`sk Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e`l @vumek e` Hks`lkv

Lm lju`smupsm e`l vjblk ^^ v` fmsmfu`sjö wks s`fnmms lkv `~f`vkv e` lm wmlmcsm, wks jiuìums mlfmims `l vjlìfjk, jifkswksms ì lk ejfnk lk ik ejfnk) Lmv wsjh`smv tmibpmsejmv `pskw`mv v` ej`ski m lm ums`m e` s`v}p`csmoms lm vjhcöljfm vkfjml ws`tml`fjìu`, fki lm imljeme e` `tjeìfjms lmv jifkivjv( uìfjmv e` lkv ejvfpsvkv n`b`höijfkv, lm t`sckss`m }p``~mf`scmek mujckssmcm ―z vjbp` nmfjìek― m lmv vkfjème`v `~wp`vumv ml “spjek‘ wks lk `l e`vwlj`bp` u`fiklöbjfk i`f`vmsjk ml wskz`fuk `fkiöhjfk) @i lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^, ik v` mcmiekiö `l s`fpsvk ml vjlìfjk, vji `hcmsbk, `v wkvjcl` kcv`stms ejd`sìfjmv ì s`lmfjöi fki lkv wlmiu`mhjìukv e` lm wsj( h`sm hjume e`l vjblk) @i `vu` usmcmok v` `~wlksm lm hmi`sm ì }p` `l vjlì ( fjk `v s`}p`sjek ì kcsmv e` lm imssmujtm njvwmikmh`sjfmim e` lkv mýkv v`( vìum ì me`lmiu`) Ekv vki lkv ijt`l`v e` miíljvjv `l`bjekv wmsm e`vcskms `vum wskcl`híujfm) Wks pim wmsu`, v` `vupejmi lkv fkivujupujtkv e` lmv kcsmv lju`smsjmv, imssmujtmv, `vw`fèfmhìu`, e` lmv }p` `l vjlìfjk `v s`vplumek) V` wmsu` e` lm je`m e` }p` `v lm mwsk~jhmfjöi e`fkivuspffjkijvum ws`tml`( fjìu` ì `vumv kcsmv lk }p` ksbmijm `l vjlìfjk, ìuìejek fkhk m}p`llk }p` ik v` mws`nìe` ì lkv ejvfpsvkv jivujupfjkimljmekv z }p` e`c` v`s wp`vuk ì `tjeìfjm fkhk mpvìfjm, fkhk jhwkvjcjljeme) @v ws`fjvk mflm( sms }p` fpmiek nmclk e` wskfèjhjìuk e`fkivuspfujtk ì lkv u`~ukv e` lm lju`smupsm njvwmikmh`sjfmim, e` mlbpim hmi`sm h` mwsk~jhk m lm je`m e` Omf}p`v E`ssjem, w`sk, fkhk v` t`sí, fki ejd`sìfjmv `vw`fèfmv ememv wks lm fkibpsmfjöi `vuêujfm, }p` ejvumifjm lkv u`~ukv lkvöfkv ‐kcoùkv e` fkikfjhjìuk e` lm e`fkivuspffjöi e`ssjejmim‐ e` lkv kcoùkv `vuêujfkv m lkv }p` h` s`d`sjsê) Wks kusm wmsu`, e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum e` lm s`f`wfjöi, v` mimljm `l vjlìfjk fkhk mfkiu`fjhjìuk) @vum mwsk~jhmfjöi jhwljfm, kc( tjmhìu`, pi l`fuks }p` s`bpsm `l vjlìfjk) V` usmum, mvè, e` pim kcv`stm( fjöi ì ekv ejhìvjki`v s`lmfjkimemv? fkhk fs`mfjöi e` vjlìfjk, e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum `vuspfupsml z fkhk mfkiu`fjhjìuk) Wmsm smvus`ms lkv miu`fèìu`v e`l vjlìfjk fkhk s`fpsvk `vuspfupsmeks e`l msu`, ws`tml`fjìu` ì lm êwkfm hke`sim, wkesèmhkv s`hkiumsikv ml vjblk ^TJJJ z }pjí pi wkfk hív mllí) Ikv fkiuìums`hkv, m}pè, fki v`ým( lms mlbpimv hmijd`vumfjki`v vpsbjemv e` lmv eêfmemv iml`v e` `v` vjblk ì me`lmiu`, fki lm jiuìfjöi e` kds`f`s pi hmsfk cs`t` fkiu`~upml) @l vjblk ^TJJJ `pskw`k v` fmsmfu`sjö wks lkv fkiusmvu`v mvkhcskvkv, fkhk e`fèm Tklumjs`)= Lmv bp`ssmv s`ljbjkvmv ljcsmemv epsmiu` `l vjblk miu`sjks wsktkfm( =

Tklumjs` íwpe B`ksb` Speê, @pskwm ì `l vjblk ^TJJJ) Lm msjvukfsmfjm z `l e`vmdèk

=70


ski spwupsmv, ejd`sìfjmfjki`v, hmujf`v ` jiflpvk fkiusmvu`v ìus` wìvm( eks`v z `vfsjuks`v, }p` v`sèm jhwkvjcl` fkhwjlms ì `vu` `vwmfjk) @i uêshj( ikv bì`sml`v, wpè` e`fjsv` }p`, wks pi lmek, nmcèm }pjì`v, fkitìfjekv wks `l `vwèsjup }p` e`dìeèm lm Jlpvusmfjöi, jivjvuèmi ì `~nksums m m}p`llkv }p` `vumcmi “dp`sm e` lm smöi‘ m v`bpjs `l fmhjik e`l cjì z e` lm d`ljfj( eme, z wks kusk, `vumcmi lkv s`c`le`v, jiflpvk mu`kv, }p` hmijd`vumcmi vp hml`vums dsìu` m lm ws``hjiìfjm e` lm smöi z lkv wkvuplmekv hksmljmiu`v e` lm cpsbp`vèm fsjvujmim njwöfsjum) @i `vukv s`c`le`v, }p` fkhìmski wks jhwpbims fmvj fki lmv hjvhmv mshmv e` vpv ì`hjbkv 3 pi `vumek e` fkvmv, uöh`v` fkhk ò`hwlk ml hms}pêv e` Vme`, `vumcm zm lm v`hjllm e` lk }p` pi vjblk e`vwpêv, fki Dlmpc`su6 z kuskv `vfsjuks`v e`fjhkiöijfkv umseèkv, v` fkit`sujsèm ì lm wskflmhmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk fkhk ukem dkshm e` `~ws`vjöi dsìu` ml mcvpsek `tjeìfjmek ì lmv fkiusmejffjki`v }p` mksmcmi ì `l hmsfk e`l fmwjumljvhk jiepvusjml) Mpi fpmiek, fkhk mshmi Clmifnku z Alkvvkrvaj, `l hms}pêv e` Vme` v` fmsmfu`sjö wks vpv fkivumiu`v fkiusmejffjki`v, 5 ik wpè` mshmsv` }p` e`ve` ìukif`v, z wkfk e`vwpêv, ì lmv kcsmv lju`smsjmv z msuèvujfmv e`l wsjh`s skhmiujfjvhk, v` kcv`st` `l vjlìfjk fkhk `vusmu`bjm sùösjfm, tmlbm `l k~èhkski, }p` vpczmf` ì lm wsjh`sm tmibpmsejm e`l vjblk ^^) Wmsm pi sk( híiujfk fkhk Iktmljv, `l wkùm z vp wmlmcsm vki mshmfjöi e` vè hjvhk, e` vp bsmie`m z wke`s e` fs`mfjöi, jiflpvk e` Ejkv? “`l nkhcs` k wks lk h`( ikv `l wkùm Q․X ejvwki` e` pi wke`s s`mlhìu` jljhjumek‘) 0 Lm jiuìfjöi e` Iktmljv dp` lkbsms lm pijöi e`l `vwèsjup z lm imupsml`m, z vp mshkièm) 4 Lm ikvumlbjm `sm wsktkfmem wks lm e`vpijöi ‐lm hp`su` e``llmwke`s mhmem‐, w`sk v`sèm s`hèjmem fki lm s`fkifjljmfjöi ì lm pijeme, fki e`l hmbk wkùm k fki lm wskwjm hp`su`) Nmfjm lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^J^, `l wmiksmhm `v kusk) Lm je`m e` tk( lpiume e` tjem e` Vfnkwìnmp`s v` `~uìejö z fkcsö s`l`tmifjm e` ejvujiumv hmi`smv) Jivwjsmekv ì lkv wlmiu`mhjìukv e` `vu` lövkdk, Ijùvfn`, Wk` z Cmpe`lmjs`, wks hìfjkims mlbpikv mpuks`v s`l`tmiu`v, v` fkit`suèmi ì cpsbpêv, Hmesje, Mljmim Pijt`svjeme, =::0, w) =22) 3Vme` wskflmhö pim ip`tm hksml, ì uêshjikv v`hòmiu`v m fkhk lk njk Amiu, e` `vusjfum kcèjì( fjm, dpiemem ì `l jhw`smujtk e`l bkf`) @v e`fjs, `v e`c`s e`l v`s nphmik bkms1 `v kcljbmfjöi) 6Dlmpc`su, ejf` Bìùu`, “mnkbmcm lmv fkvmv }p` nmcèm }p` e`fjs Q․X) W`sk pi eèm ejk dkshm, fkhk wks mýmejepsm, m `v` wskz`fuk e` ik e`fjs imem, `v` s`fnmk e` lm `~ws`vjöi }p` jimpbpsm lm `~w`( sjìfjm lju`smsjm hke`sim‘) Djbps`v, Wmsèv, V`pjl, =:44, w) 353) 5Fds) Hmpsjf` Clmifnku, “Lm smöi e` Vme`‘, ì Lmpusêmhkiu z Vme`, Hê~jfk, DF@, =::7, ww) ==(46) 0Mlc`su Cêbpji, Fs`mfjöi z e`vujik) J) @ivmzkv e` fsèujfm lju`smsjm, Hê~jfk, DF@, =:>4, w) =7=) 4 Sjum Bipuhmii, U`ksèm e` lm lju`smupsm ml`hmim, Hmesje, Vèiu`vjv, =::5, w)===)

=74


jhwksumiu`v jiuskepfuks`v, fmem pik m vp hmi`sm, e` lm je`m e` pim tklpi( ume }p` `vuí hív mllí e` lm smöi z }p` `sm e` eklks z e`vuspffjöi) Lm pijöi ik `sm zm wkvjcl`, fkhk lk nmcèm vjek wmsm Iktmljv, z lk }p` ws`tml`f`sèm v`sèm lm spwupsm z `l dsmbhìuk) @i `l hmsfk e` pim vkfjème ekhjimem wks `l h`sfmiujljvhk, wks `l pujljumsjvhk z lm `~mlumfjöi e`l usmcmok, v` wj`se` `l vìujek e`l dpupsk) @i `vum êwkfm lkv msujvumv v` msujfplmcmi m wmsujs e` lmv fkiusmejffjki`v? `smi hmbkv, tjvjkimsjkv, vpw`snkhcs`v, emiejv, e`cjek m lkv tjfjkv z ik m lmv tjsupe`v, ì uêshjikv e` tmlks`v fkitìfjkiml`v e` lm cpsbp`vèm) Wki`s ì `tjeìfjm lmv fkiusmejffjki`v ì lm tjem z ì lmv kcsmv, `v `l jijfjk e` lm jiv`sfjöi e`l vjlìfjk ì `l msu` fkhk lk n`hkv fkikfjek m lk lmsbk e`l vjblk ^^) Lmv tmibpmsejmv e` lm wsjh`sm hjume e`l vjblk ^^ fsjujfmski ml s`mljvhk wks fkivje`sms }p` ik vmujvdmfèm lmv i`f`vjeme`v e` pi wskipifjmhjìuk `fm ì fkiusm e`l vumupv }pk) Lm ksbmijmfjöi ejvfpsvjtm e` `vumv ikt`( lmv ik dsmfupsmcm lm vjhcöljfm vkfjml }p` `sm i`f`vmsjk s`v}p`csmoms, fki lm imljeme e` ìfkiusms pim ip`tm hmi`sm, ik völk e` s`d`sjsv` ml hpiek, vjik umhcjêi e` v`s ì `l hpiek) @i wmlmcsmv e` Npjekcsk, v` usmumcm e` fs`ms lm skvm ì `l wk`hm z ik e` nmclms e` lm skvm) Mpi fpmiek lmv ikt`lmv e`l s`mljvhk vkfjml nmcèmi jiuìumek `tjeìfjms lm `~wlkumfjöi e`l nkhcs` wks `l nkhcs`, `l `vdp`sk `sm jivpfjìu`1 `l fmhcjk `vw`smek kfpssjsèm hèjmiu` pim t`seme`sm s`tklpfjöi ì z fki `l lìbpmo`) @i `l msu` usmej( fjkiml, lm fkhwsìvjöi `vuêujfm uìèm pim cmv` v`bpsm ì `l tkfmcplmsjk, lm vjium~jv z lmv fkitìfjki`v `~ws`vjtmv1 `l msu` hke`sik wskwkièm usmvukfms `vum wskepffjöi e` vìujek wmsm lkbsmslk `fnmsèmv` hmik e` lm`li`bmfjöi z e` lm fkiusmejffjöi) Fki lmzjiv`sfjöi e` lm v` i`bmfjöi wskepf` vjlìfjk ì lm fkibpsmfjöi ejvfpsvjtm, hèjmiu` ejd`sìu`v s`fpsvkv sùösjfkv, lji( büèvujfkv z lju`smsjkv) Cmvu` v`ýmlms fkhk ò`hwlk `l ememèvhk, }p` `~mluö lm fkiusmejffjöi2 z, fki `llk, lm i`bmfjöi z lm jhwkvjcjljeme e`l vìujek, e` lm jiuìfjöi z e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) @l vìujek v` mvkfjmcm, ìukif`v, fki lm wskwp`vum `wjvu`hklöbjfm }p` fkivje`smcm lm jeìujeme fkhk wsjifjwjk `vuspfupsmeks e`l fkikfjhjìuk) Mlbpikv lövkdkv ejvfpuèmi lm tjmcjljeme e` pi wmsmejbhm }p` ik emcm lpbms m lm ejd`sìfjm, mpi}p` v` mvphj`sm fkhk wìvmhjìuk ejmlêfujfk) Un) R) Meksik v` ejk m lm ums`m e` e`vmsujfplms `vu` wìvmhjìuk e` lm jeìujeme, }p` uìèm ìus` vpv wsjifjwml`v vkwksu`v m lm ejmlêfujfm n`b`ljmim) V` usmum( cm e` usmivjums nmfjm pim wskwp`vum lkvöfm ì lm }p` npcj`sm lpbms wmsm lk ejd`sìu`, fki lm imljeme e` }p` `vuk ejd`sìu` ik }pèmsm sèpfjek m lk hjvhk, m lm jeìujeme e`l fkif`wuk fki `l fpml jiuìumcm v`s fkhwsì( 2

Usjvumi Umsm, “Wsjh`s Hmij`vuk Emeí‘, ì S`tjvum EMEM, _psjfn, =:=>)

=72


ejek) Meksik fp`vujkimcm `l wskcl`hm e`l vìujek) @l s`fnmk e`l vìujek ì Meksik vjbijfm i`bmfjöi e`l vìujek n`sèmek, i`bmfjöi e` lm dkshm usmejfjkiml e` vjvu`hm e` vìujek .kcsm e` msu` ksbíijfm* z i`bmfjöi e`l vìujek `vuêujfk fkhk s`vwp`vum m lm jivìvmu` e` lm s`mljeme fmwjumljvum) > @vum mwsk~jhmfjöi `wjvu`hklöbjfm uptk jhwksumiu`v s`w`sfpvjki`v ì lm u`ksèm `vuêujfm m wmsujs e` lm fpml v` fkhwsìejö `l msu` hke`sik z, fki `llk, `l msu` e` tmibpmsejm e` lm wsjh`sm hjume e`l vjblk ^^) Ml lmek e` lm :

ejmlêfujfm i`bmujtm, v` mvè, wskwkièm lm i`bmfjöi fkhk `vuspfupsm( eks e`l wskwjk msu`, z, `l fp`vujkimhjìuk vkcs``l`hìuk fkif`wukv fkhk ji( uìfjkimljeme ` jiu`swsùmfjöi, e`ve` lm w`svw`fujtm e` lkv n`shì`pumv skhíiujfkv)=7 Ml jiuìums s`v}p`csmoms `l vìujek, hmijwplmiek lm dkshm, lkv tmibpmsejvumv e`vmsujfplmcmi umhcjêi lm wkvjcjljeme e` lm jeìujeme z e` lm jiuìfjöi) Lmv `vusmu`bjmv e` e`dkshmfjöi, dsmbhìumfjöi z spwupsm wmsm `~ws`vms lm fkiujibìfjm, `l mms, lm ejvbs`bmfjöi, ejvkltèmi lm wskwjm ws`bpium wks lm jiuìfjöi e`l mpuks z wks `l vìujek e`l u`~uk) @l lìbpmo` hjvhk, lm dkshm wskwjmhìu`, ml v`s hmijwplmem me}pjsèm vpv eù`shjim( fjki`v jiusèiv`fmhìu`, wks lk }p` js hív mllí, ì cpvfm e` vìujek ì lmv jiuìfjki`v e`l mpuks, v` fkit`suèm ì pi ò`sfjfjk ik fkibspìu` fki lm wskwp`vum `vuêujfm) Ik v` opvujfmcm zm, ì `l hmsfk e`l mph k lju`smupsm z msu` usmivsmfjkiml,== völk wks hìfjkims pi ò`hwlk, `vuspfupsms vìujek ì lm kcsmv) Lm u`ksjmfjöi vkcs` `l msu` e` tmibpmsejm v` ejk m lm ums`m, mvjhjv( hk, e` ìfkiusms dkshmv mlu`simujtmv e` mwsk~jhmsv` m lm fkhwsìvjöi e`l dìöhìk msuèvujfk) @l tmlks `vuêujfk smejfmcm ì `vum hmi`sm e` “fkhwk( i`s‘ e`ve` lm i`bmfjöi z lm ejd`sìfjm1 e`veè`lm fkhwsìe`s e`vmsujfplmfjöi e`l vìujek k ejfnk e` kusk hkek, mfmllmiek pim dkshm `l hpiek, }p` ws`tml`fèm ì `l ìuksik fmwjumljvum) @l msu` hke`sik skhwjö fki lm wmlmcsm, fki lm vjhcöljfm vkfjml ` jiem( bö hív mllí e`l lìbpmo` hjvhk, ì vpv lèhju`v) Lm wjiupsm z lm `vfplupsm s`npvmski lkv uèuplkv fki jiuìfjöi e` `tjums js nmfjm lm s`d`sìfjm `~u`sim1 lkv ljìkv v` eìkhjimski, wks ò`hwlk, “Fkivu`lmfjöi fki fjifk dkshmv clmifmv z ekv i`bsmv‘)=3 E` hmi`sm miílkbm, lkv wkùmv skhwj`ski lmv dski( Mlcs`fnu R`llh`s, Vkcs` lm ejmlêfujfm e` hke`sijeme z wkvhke`sijeme ) Lm fsèujfm e` lm smöi e`vwpêv e` Meksik, Hmesje, Tjvks, =::6, w) 46) :Fds) Un`keks R) Meksik, Ejmlêfujfm i`bmujtm, Hmesje, Maml, 377>) =7Ejlun`z z Vfnl`j`shmfn`s) ==_mph `v pi fkif`wuk ì spvk }p` vjbijfm hív mllí e` lk hìuml) Dp` pujljmek wks lkv dkshmljvumv spvkv wmsm jeìujfms m}p`llmv wskwp`vumv lju`smsjmv z msuèvujfmv }p`, m usmtêv e` lm hmijwplmfjöi e` lm dkshm, cpvfmi skhw`s `l vìujek k lm fkhwsìvjöi smfjkiml) =3Kcsm e` O`mi Msw) >

=7>


u`smv usmejfjkiml`v e` lm vjium~jv z lm e`ijfjöi fki lm imljeme e` e`tklt`s m lmv wmlmcsmv vp wke`s e` ìfmiumhjìuk) E`vnmf`sv` e` lm mumepsm e` lm fmpvmljeme, e` lkv fkitìfjkimljvhkv e` lm fkhpijfmfjöi wmsm e`vmums lm dp`sm e` lmv wmlmcsmv hív mllí e` lkv `v}p`hmv lji`ml`v, hkujtö m Hmllms( hê, m Sjla`, m Sjhcmpe, m wskepfjs wk`hmv vkc`scjkv, wsjtmekv, pujljmiek lmv wmlmcsmv e` hmi`sm }p` `l l`fuks lmv s`fkikfj`sm, w`sk m lm t`, }p` l` wsktkfmsmi `~usmý`m, e`cjek m vp ejvwkvjfjöi vjiuífujfm k ml pvk e` lmv bpsmv sùösjfmv k fpml}pj`s kusm `vusmu`bjm ljibüèvujfk(lju`smsjm) Mnksm cjì, ì `l hmsfk e` lm wskwp`vum n`fnm wks lmv tmibpmsejmv, `v `tjeìu` lm fkiusmejffjöi ì uêshjikv ml nmclms e` vjlìfjk fki lìbpmo`) Lm ws`bpium `v? »föhk `v wkvjcl` }p` fki s`fpsvkv ljibüèvujfkv v` lkbs` `l vjlìfjk; @l vjlìfjk fkhk kusème smejfml `v völk pi nksjkiu` e` fkhwsì( vjöi e` lk }p` `v `l vkijek) Lk }p` lmv tmibpmsejmv wsùìeèmi `sm wskhk( t`s `l vjlìfjk, w`shjujs ml vjlìfjk vp wskwjm `~ws`vjöi, mfmllms fj`sumv tkf`v, `l “spjek‘ wsktkfmek wks `l lìbpmo` fkivje`smek m wmsujs e` vp dpifjöi s`d`sìfjml, ì `l vìujek e` Skhmi Omakcvki, mwpiumlmem wks lm cpsbp`vèm, }p` v` mwke`smcm e` lmv dkshmv `~ws`vjtmv e`l msu` z lm lju`smupsm) V` usm( umcm e` s`vfmums lkv vkijekv e`l vjlìfjk, e` tmfjms `l lkbkv z lm smfjkimljeme jivusphìuml }p` nmcèm n`fnk, jiflpvk e`l msu`, pi t`nèfplk e` usmivhjvjöi e` fj`sum tjvjöi e`l hpiek z tmlks`v) Ik `v êvu` `l `vwmfjk wmsm mimljms vj lm i`bmfjöi e`l vìujek `sm ukhmem wks `vukv msujvumv fkhk fjdsm e` lk mcvklp( uk, w`sk wpè` mepfjsv` }p` ì hpfnkv fmvkv êvum `sm lm wsùìvjöi) Mvè, `l vjlìfjk vpsb` ml mfmllms lmv `~ws`vjki`v e`l msu` usmejfjkiml wsk( hktjemv wks lm cpsbp`vèm njwöfsjum m lm }p` lmv tmibpmsejmv jiuìumski fki( usmss`vums) @l vjlìfjk ik `v jifkhpijfmfjöi, vjik pi hkek ejd`sìu` e` s`( lmfjkimsv` `l msujvum ―z `l s`f`wuks, fkhk t`s`hkv hív me`lmiu`― fki `l hpiek) Fpmiek `l lìbpmo` eòm e` v`s hjhêujfk, ik ujì` tjifplmfjöi fki `l hpiek s`ml, fkhk lk wskhktjö `l msu` hke`sik1 fpmiek v` wskflmhm }p` lkv vjbijfmekv vki völk pvkv fkssjìu`v e` lmv wmlmcsmv, ìukif`v, vpsb` `l vjlìfjk fkhk vjbik z fkhk wkvjcjljeme e` lm jhwkvjcjljeme) Lmv tmibpmsejmv smejfmljmski lk }p` lkv msujvumv z `vfsjuks`v e` iml`v e`l vjblk ^J^ nmcèmi zm jijfjmek ì `vu` vìujek, z ―wks lk hìkv mlbpimv― mwkvumski wks vkfmtms lm mwsk~jhmfjöi ijv`fplms hmsfmem wks lm mibpvujm z `l u`ssks, wks ò`hwlk, e`l `~ws`vjkijvhk, jifkswksmiek `l nphks, lm jsk( ièm, `l op`bk, `l mms) Eêfmemv e`vwpêv, ì =:03, `l hÿvjfk z lövkdk Okni Fmb` ws`vìuö vp kcsm 5‚66‚‚, vjibplmshìu` s`ws`vìumujtm e` lm “`vuêujfm e`l vjlìfjk‘) Lkv vjlìfjkv vpw`swp`vukv e` `vum kcsm mwpiumi m lm ik(s`( ws`vìumfjöi) Jivwjsmek ì `l ememèvhk, ì Epfnmhw, z ì kuskv tmibpms(

=7:


ejvumv, Fmb` s`vfmum lkv vkijekv e`l vjlìfjk z fkitj`su` `vum `~w`sjìfjm ì wskwp`vum msuèvujfm) @l vjlìfjk, wmsm Okni Fmb` `v vkijek, `l vkijek }p` v` wskepf` ì lm tjem fkujejmim, wks ò`hwlk, `l e`l usífk ì lmv fjpeme`v) Wmsm `l hÿvjfk, `l vjlìfjk kfpss` fpmiek ik nmz hÿvjfm fkhwp`vum `~ wsk( d`vk, fpmiek lk }p` v` `vfpfnm `v mffjeìuml) Lk }p` Fmb` }pjvk mfmllms dp` lm hÿvjfm fkhwp`vum wmsm v`s `vfpfnmem ì pim vmlm e` fkifj`sukv k s`wskepfjem ì pi mwmsmuk1 lm hÿvjfm }p` s`vwkie` m pi `v}p`hm) @l hÿ( vjfk, wsö~jhk m lm `vuêujfm wkvhke`sim, hív }p` nmclms e` lm i`bmfjöi e`l vìujek ―fkhk njfj`ski mlbpikv tmibpmsejvumv z `l wskhjiìu` lövkdk Un`keks R) Meksik―,=6 nmclm e` lm i`bmfjöi e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, e` hm( i`sm v`hòmiu` m lm u`ksjmfjöi s`mljmem wks Dsmiâkjv Lzkumse)=5 @i vìujek v`hòmiu`, Hmpsjf` Clmifnku e`vfsjcjö, ì @l `vwmfjk lju`smsjk,=0 `l hkek e` v`s e` lm `vfsjupsm lju`smsjm ì uêshjikv e` mpvìfjm) Wmsm `vu` mpuks, lm lju`smupsm ik `v uj`hwk vjik `vwmfjk z `l `vwmfjk `v mp( vìfjm, m ejd`sìfjm e`l uj`hwk }p` `v ws`vìfjm) @l lìbpmo` lju`smsjk `v mp ( vìfjm wks}p` êvu` ws`v`stm lm i`bmujtjeme z ik fkitj`su` m lm wmlmcsm ì lm wkvjujtjeme k mshmfjöi e`l fkif`wuk) @vu` lìbpmo` `v i`bmujtjeme }p` fkifj`si` m lm mpvìfjm z m lm fmwmfjeme e`l l`fuks e` `~w`sjhìums ejfnm mpvìfjm) @l lìbpmo` ik lju`smsjk, `l fkif`wuk, ckssm lm wmsujfplmsjeme e` lkv kcoùkv1 lk }p` }pèm `v lm ws`vìfjm e`l vjbijfmek) @vum `v pim hmi`sm e` vjlìfjms, e` ik w`shjujs lm `~ws`vjöi e` lk ejd`sìu`) Lm lju`smupsm ‐z `l msu`‐ jiv`sum ml l`fuks ì `vum `~w`sjìfjm) E` `vumv s``~jki`v e`sjtm umhcjêi lm je`m e` }p` `l lìbpmo` lju`smsjk ik mehju` lm n`shìêpujfm1 ì lm `~w`sjìfjm lju`smsjm ik v` fkivuspz` pi vìujek `~usmýk lm wskwjmll`tmek `~jvuì( fjm e` lm kcsm) Lm `vfsjupsm `v lm `~w`sjìfjm hjvhm e`l mlìbpmo` m lkv lèhju`v) Mvè, lk lju`smsjk `~mf`scm lm wkuìfjm e`l lìbpmo`, lk tmfèm, ejf` `l mpuks, miplm vp dp`sm fkhpijfmujtm) @l vjlìfjk wpè` kcv`stmsv`, m}pè, ì ekv ejhìvjki`v? wsjh`sm, lmv `vusmu`bjmv ejvfpsvjtmv fpzm cmv` `v `l wìvm( hjìuk e` lm jeìujeme, ml }p` zm ikv s`d`sjhkv mssjcm m wskwövjuk e` Meks( ik, vjlìfjmi ml kusk, ml ejd`sìu`) @l lìbpmo` lju`smsjk v` em m lm ums`m e` `tjums }p` `vuk kfpssm ml wki`s ì `tjeìfjm `vum `vw`fjfjeme e`l ejvfpsvk) Kctjmhìu`, `l lìbpmo` lju`smsjk ik wpè` nmf`slk fki lmv dkshmv wskwjmv e` `vkv ejvfpsvkv, vjik e` hmi`sm }p` êvukv hjvhkv v` ij`bpì) M}pè v` s`t`lm `vm v`bpiem ejhìvjöi? ml i`bmsv`, wmsmeöojfmhìu`, v` wskepf` lm mpvìfjm z, fki `llk, `l vjlìfjk) @l msu` z lm lju`smupsm e` lm v`bpiem wkvbp`ssm ì me`lmiu`, ì bì`sml, =6 =5

M) R`llh`s, kw) fju), w) 45) Fds) Dsmiâkjv Lzkumse, Lm fkiejfjöi wkvhke`sim, Hê~jfk, Bèjvm, =::7)

=0

Hmpsjf` Clmifnku, @l `vwmfjk lju`smsjk, Cpìkv Mjs`v, Wmjeöv, =:4:)

==7


nmi jifkswksmek lm `~w`sjìfjm fìusml e` lmv tmibpmsejmv, m vmc`s, `l i e`l wskz`fuk e` lm Jlpvusmfjöi z lm fkiv`fpìu` hp`su` e` lm smöi) Wpè` fkivje`smsv` }p` wmsu` jhwksumiu` e` lm lju`smupsm e`l vjblk ^^ ―z ml eèm e` nkz― jivjvu` ì `vu` jiuìuk z v` fkibpsm ì `l hmsfk e` lm je`m e` i`bm( fjöi e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, ì uêshjikv e` Lzkumse, mvè fkhk e` lm e`vfsjw( fjöi e` Jnmc Nmvvmi e`l dìöhìk fplupsml z msuèvujfk e` lm wkvhke`sijeme) @i s`lmfjöi fki `l wsjh`sk, i`bmfjöi e`l vìujek vjbijfm i`bmfjöi e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, i`bmfjöi e` lm s`mljeme z, e` kusk hkek, e` lmv s`blmv `vum( cl`fjemv wks kcsmv e` msu` miu`sjks`v)=4 Wks vp lmek, Jnmc Nmvvmi fmsmfu`sjö lm wkvhke`sijeme ì uêshjikv e` dpbm, jieù`shjimfjöi, e`fkivuspffjöi, e`vfìusmhjìuk, ejv`hjimfjöi, dsmfupsm, dsmbhìuk, ejvfkiujipjeme)=2 @vum fmsmfu`sjmfjöi, ik `~ìum e` mhcjbüème`v ukemtèm jss`vp`lumv,=> fkiepf` m wìvms ì `l vjlìfjk e` ejd`sìu`v hmi`smv z ejvujiumv ejhìvjki`v) S`( ukhmsê m}pè pik e` lkv vìujekv wkvjcl`v e`l vjlìfjk ì kcsmv lju`smsjmv njvwmikmh`sjfmimv e` lm v`bpiem hjume e`l vjblk ^^) Pik e` lkv s`fpsvkv vkcs`vmljìu`v e` lmv kcsmv lju`smsjmv m lmv }p` m}pè }pj`sk s`d`sjsh`, `v lm e`fkivuspffjöi, ìuìejem e` hmi`sm v`hòmiu` m lm wsífujfm s`mljmem wks E`ssjem ì vpv kcsmv)=: @vukv u`~ukv lju`smsjkv v` nmi emek m lm ums`m e` e`fkivuspjs lkv hùmss`lmukv jivujupfjkimljmekv e`l @vumek hke`sik, fki lm imljeme e` wmuìujms vpv fkiusmejffjki`v) @vum wp`vum ì `tjeìfjm e` lmv fkiusmejffjki`v jhwljfm ekv wskfèjhjìukv? wsjh`sk, `~njcjs lk }p` lkv ejvfpsvkv nmi fmllmek, v`bpiek, s`mljms `vum `~( njcjfjöi vji nmclms `~wlèfjumhìu` e` `vk }p` v` nm fmllmek1 `v e`fjs, nmclms e` `llk vji e`fjslk) @vu` ÿlujhk s`fpsvk v` s`lmfjkim fkifki `l wsjifjwjk hìfjkimek? lm i`bmfjöi e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, w`sk ik `l mdíi e`miu`v kfpl( umhjìuk k ejvjhplk, fkhk lk nmsèm lm sùösjfm }p` `v wp`vum ì fp`vujkim( hjìuk) Mnksm cjì, lm s``~jöi ik u`shjim m}pè1 nmz }p` ems pim tp`lum e` up`sfm hív, s`lmfjkimem fki `l s`f`wuks, }p` ikv mlòm wskwjmhìu` e` lm e`fkivuspffjöi z e` lm je`m e` ik(s`ws`vìumfjöi, }p` wkesèmi fkiepfjs ml wìvmhjìuk e`l mcvklpuk, z ikv jiuskepf` ì lm n`shìêpujfm, ìuìejem M) R`llh`s, kw) fju), ww) 46 z 45) Jnmc Nmvvmi, Un` E`vh`hc`shìu kd Kswn`pv) Ukrmsev m Wkvuhke`si Lju`smups` , Hmejvki, Pij( t`svjuz kd Rjvfkivji Ws`vv, =:>3, ww) 342 z 34>) =>M) R`llh`s, kw) fju), w) 0=) =: Fds) Omf}p`v E`ssjem, E` lm bsmhmuklkbèm, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J, =::>) Ml e`fjs }p` v` usmum e` pim mwsk~jhmfjöi v`hòmiu` m lm e` E`ssjem, h` s``sk m }p` ik v` usmum `~mfumhìu` e`l ò`sfjfjk e`s( sjejmik e` e`fkivuspjs u`~ukv u`ösjfkv, lkvöfkv) Lm je`m, m}pè, `v }p` lkv wskwjkv u`~ukv lju`smsjkv e`fkivuspzì lkv hùmss`lmukv e` lm hke`sijeme z }p` `l fsèujfk k `vupejkvk e` lm lju`smupsm v` mwsk~jhm m mimljms z fkhwsìe`s e` }pê hmi`sm `vukv u`~ukv wkiì ì `tjeìfjm lmv fkiusmejf( fjki`v)

=4 =2

===


ik fkhk wskf`vk e` ejvklpfjöi e` lm ejvumifjm, vjik fkhk hktjhjìuk }p` tm e` lm ejd`sìfjm m lm v`hòmim z kusm t` m lm ejd`sìfjm) Lm jiv`sfjöi e`l vjlìfjk ì lmv kcsmv msuèvujfmv ik wpè` s`vusjibjsv` m pi mvpiuk wpsmhìu` u`~upml) @v e`fjs, `l vjlìfjk ik `vuí fkhk vjbik ij fkhk wpsk msujfjk ì `l u`~uk, vjik ì `l wskf`vk e` s`f`wfjöi ` jiu`swsùmfjöi e` ejfnk u`~uk, fpml}pj`sm }p` êvu` v`m) Mvè, `l vjlìfjk `v `l s`vplumek e` pim fkivuspffjöi fkhwlòm, ì lm }p` jiu`stjìì `l u`~uk, `l fkiu`~uk z `l l`fuks) @i `vu` vìujek, v` nmclm e`l vjlìfjk fkhk mfkiu`fjhjìuk) ]p`s`hkv, m}pè, v`( ýmlms }p` `vum mwsk~jhmfjöi v` e`vtèm, e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum u`ösjfk, e` mwsk~jhmfjki`v wkvhke`simv }p` mwpiumi m lm `ljhjimfjöi e` lm ejhìvjöi v`hjöujfm e` lkv u`~ukv, fkhk `v `l fmvk e` Lzkumse) 37 Lkv u`~ukv msuèvujfkv wskwkiì lm spwupsm e` lkv s`d`sìu`v z, fki `llk, e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, lk }p` fkiepf` m wìvms }p` ik nmz zm vjbijfmek ij vìujek) Ik kcvumiu`, lm spwupsm, lm jiu`sspwfjöi, `l vjlìfjk, völk v` ò`fpum fpmiek mlbpjì l`` `l u`~uk z lk fkhwsìe` fkhk kusk z, ml hjvhk uj`hwk, v` fkhwsìe` m vè hjvhk fkhk kusk) @i lm kcsm e` Fmb` 5‚66‚‚, mssjcm fjumem, lm jiu`swsùmfjöi fkivjvu` ì lm ik jiu`swsùmfjöi, wks lk }p` lkv mvjvuìu`v ml fkifj`suk `v( fpfnmi lkv vkijekv mhcjìuml`v wsktkfmekv wks `llkv hjvhkv ì lm vmlm e` fkifj`sukv z ik pim h`lkeèm fkhwp`vum z ò`fpumem) Pi ò`hwlk wsö~jhk ì lm lju`smupsm `v `l s`fpsvk, ì lm wk`vèm e` tmibpmsejm, m lkv clmifkv? lkv vjujkv e`l u`~uk ekie` ik nmz dki`hmv k wmlmcsmv) @i fj`sum imssmujtm e` wkvtmibpmsejm z e` lm llmhmem wkvhke`sim, v` wskfpsm, hív cjì, lm wês( ejem e`l s`d`sìu` z, fki `llk, e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l vìujek) Ik v` ujì` bsífmhìu` lm wkvjcjljeme e` kcv`stms lkv clmifkv ì `l wmw`l, w`sk vè, ml l``s, e` fkhwsìe`s lkv `vwmfjkv tmfèkv k lmv i`bmfjki`v, 3= lk ik ejfnk) @v e`fjs, ì mlbpimv kcsmv e` lm imssmujtm wkvhke`sim `l vjlìfjk `v pim fkivuspffjöi v`hjöujfm z n`shìêpujfm) @l vjlìfjk }pèm vkhùjek m lmv jiu`swsùmfjki`v e`l l`fuks z lk nmsí cmvíiekv` ì vp nksjkiu` e` `~w`f( umujtmv) W`sk `l u`~uk e`c` jiu`bsms lkv s`fpsvkv i`f`vmsjkv wmsm }p` kfpssm lm dpvjöi e` nksjkiu`v z `l l`fuks fkhwsìem }p` v` usmum e`l vjlìfjk, e` lk ik ejfnk) E`ve` `vum w`svw`fujtm, `l vjlìfjk ik `v vjbik, vjik mfkiu`fj( hjìuk)33 Lk ik ejfnk, lk vjlìfjmek, wpè` mfkiu`f`s e` ejd`sìu`v hmi`smv) Hìfjkimsê m}pè, völk fkhk ò`hwlk, mlbpimv kcsmv e` lm lju`smupsm njv( wmikmh`sjfmim }p` s`fpssì ml vjlìfjk e`ve` ejd`sìu`v w`svw`fujtmv) Lm M) R`llh`s, kw)fju), w) 44 z vv) Rkldbmib Jv`s, @l mfuk e` l``s, Hmesje, Umpspv, =:>2) 33Fds) Wmpl Sjfk`ps, U`ksèm e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) Ejvfpsvk z `~fèìu` e` vìujek , Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J+PJM, =:::) 37 3=

==3


kcsm e` Opljk Fksuíms v` fmsmfu`sjm wks `l pvk e` s`fpsvkv }p` usmvukfmi lm ejhìvjöi `vwmfjk(u`hwksml, mvè fkhk lm jeìujeme) @l kcoùjtk e` `vum lju`smupsm `v wki`s ì fp`vujkimhjìuk lkv dpiemhìukv e` lm hke`sijeme, `hw`miek wks `l vpoùk) @l vpoùk e` lm hke`sijeme v` ejlpz`, ìhpe`( f`, e`vmwms`f`, uìumujtmhìu`, fki lm wskwp`vum e` lkv wpiukv e` tjvum ejt`svjfmekv z e`ijekv ì vjupmfjöi) Ik nmz hív pi vpoùk dp`su` }p` lk fkhwsìem ukek, vjik pim v`sj` e` vjupmfjki`v z e` w`svw`fujtmv }p` kds`fì dsmbhìukv e` lm s`mljeme) Mvè, `l hpiek fksummsjmik v` ws`vìum e` hkek dsmbhìumsjk, dpbmek, ejv`hjimek) Wpè` kcv`stmsv`, m}pè, ejv( ujiumv dkshmv e`l vjlìfjk) Wks pi lmek, ml fkivuspjs e` hmi`sm dsmbhìum( sjm z ejvfkiujipm, nmz `vwmfjkv tmfèkv, vjlìfjkv, }p` vki fmwumekv wks `l l`fuks ml s`bpsms `l u`~uk) Lkv `vwmfjkv tmfèkv v`síi llìmekv wks `l l`fuks e` mfp`sek fki vpv wskwjmv fkhwùìfjmv) Wks kusk lmek, lm dkshm dsmb( hìumsjm e` fkivuspffjöi e`fkivuspz` ml hjvhk uj`hwk, wks}p` wki` ì fp`vujkimhjìuk ml vpoùk fkhk dpiemhìuk, vji e`fjslk, vji hìfjkimslk `~wlèfjumhìu`) @v e`fjs, `l wskfèjhjìuk e` e`fkivuspffjöi, ml wskwki`s lm ejv`hjimfjöi e`l vpoùk z, wks lk umiuk, e`l vìujek, fp`vujkim lmv cmv`v e` lm hke`sijeme, vji e`fjslk) @vum lju`smupsm dpifjkim fkhk `l i`bmujtk e` lm dkukbsmdèm }p` ikv w`shju` t`s lk kusk, lk }p` ik v` `tjeìfjm fpmiek kcv`stmhkv `l wkvjujtk, w`sk }p` `vuí mnè) Ml ems m fkikf`s `l i`bmujtk, `l wkvjujtk wj`se` vp `vumcjljeme) @l l`fuks ik v` ukwm fki `l tmfèk z lm imem mcvklpum, vj `vuk dp`sm wkvjcl`, vjik }p` `v` hkhìuk vjlìfjkvk lk kcljbm m s`fkibpsms lkv vmc`s`v emekv wks lm usmejfjöi) @i pik e` fpìukv hív fêl`cs`v e`l mpuks, cmcmv e`lìejmclk‘, lm `vuspfupsm e`llkv uj`hwk, m hmi`sm e` `~wkvjfjöi e`“Lmv mfkiu`f`s`v ejvujiukv uj`hwkv, jhcsjfmekv, fkiepf` ml l`fuks m pim `~w`sjìfjm u`hwksml }p` lk kcljbm m jiembms hív m dkiek, zm ik völk ì vp `vuspfupsm e` fkifjìfjm, vjik ì vp wskwjm `~jvuìfjm, wmsm wke`s fkhwsìe`s) @vum mlu`smfjöi e` lm usmhm, usm` fkivjbk lm e`v`vumcjljmfjöi e` lm fkivujupfjöi e` pim jeì( ujeme) »]pjêi nmclm; Ukekv) Pi tjtk, pi hp`suk, pim fíhmsm) Lm wskwp`vum fkivjvu` ì hkvusms }p` `l wpiuk e` tjvum `v pim fkivuspffjöi fkl`fujtm z ik wmusjhkijk e` pi zk dp`su`, fìusmek ì vè hjvhk) @l imssmeks s``~jkim vkcs` lm imssmfjöi z hp`vusm }p` lm w`svw`fujtm `v pim fkivuspffjöi fkh( wljfmem) Lm dsmbhìumfjöi jiuskepfjem wks lmv `vusmu`bjmv e` spwupsm nmf` hív fkhwlòm lm fkivujupfjöi e` lm jeìujeme e`l w`svkimo`, ik völk wks}p` `tjum fkiums, eùjì`, nmf` }p` `l uj`hwk v` e`vwlmf` ì `vwjsml`v, vjik wks( }p` jiuìum jhwèjs lm u`hmujmfjöi, lm ukumljeme vjbijfmiu`) Lm `vuspfupsm dsmbhìumsjm usmvukfm lm fkivuspffjöi mshmujtm k wkvjujtm e`l fpìuk) @l fkiusmwpiuk ìus` lmv tkf`v imssmujtmv z `l fp`vujkimhjìuk `tjeìu` vk(

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cs` lm jeìujeme e`l }p` imssm z fs`m vjlìfjkv, `vwmfjkv }p` jhwljfmi pi `vdp`sk mejfjkiml wmsm `l l`fuks) »]pê `v lk }p` ik v` ejf`; »]pê fmllm `l u`~uk; Fki lm `vusmu`bjm e` e`fkivuspffjöi e` lm jeìujeme e`l }p` imssm z e`l fkif`wuk hjvhk e` imssmfjöi z e` uj`hwk, `l l`fuks v` fp`vujkim vkcs` lm mshmfjöi }p` m}pè v` wki` ì fp`vujkimhjìuk z lmv fkiv`fpìfjmv e` `vm mshmfjöi wmsm lm lju`smupsm z `l msu` ì bì`sml) @i kusk e` vpv fpìukv hmbjvusml`v, “Ejmsjk wmsm pi fpìuk‘, Fksuíms tm hív mllí wskwjke`l Fksuíms e` lju`smupsm wmsm wskwki`s lm jhwk( vjcjljeme e`le`l fpìuk, n`fnk `vfsjuks hjvhk e` imssms) “Ejmsjk wmsm pi fpìuk‘, nm `vfsjuk Mlmsmaj, `v, me`hív e`l ÿlujhk fpìuk, `l hív mpem ì fpmiuk m lm dkshm, z pim hjvu`sjkvm e`vwèjem36, wks}p`, v` wkesèm e`fjs, v` usmum e` lm i`bmfjöi hjvhm e`l v`s e`l `vfsjuks) Lm fkhwlòjeme e` `vu` fpìuk wsktjì` e`l fp`vujkimhjìuk vkcs` lm mlu`sjeme, }p`, e`ve` lp`bk, jiusk( epf` `l fp`vujkimhjìuk wks `l zk) @l imssmeks v` ws`bpium föhk mf`sfmsv` ml w`svkimo` vkcs` `l }p` e`v`m `vfsjcjs, föhk `vfsjcjs vkcs` pi w`svkimo` vji }p` v`m jitmejek wks êvu`, vji }p` u`shji` `vfsjcjìek vkcs` vè hjvhk, wsùìejìek }p` `vfsjc` vkcs` `l kusk) “Ejmsjk wmsm pi fpìuk‘, `vfsjuk ws`fjvmhìu` m hmi`sm e` ejmsjk, w`s( hju` m Fksuíms opbms fki lm wkvjcjljeme e` s``~jkims vkcs` lm `vfsjupsm e`l s`lmuk, ml uj`hwk }p` êvu` v` `vfsjc` fkhk vj kfpssj`sm m w`vms e`l imssmeks) Lmv fkivumiu`v s``~jki`v vkcs` lk }p` v` `vfsjc` jiu`ssphwì lm imssm( fjöi, lk fpml fs`m ì `l l`fuks lm `~w`sjìfjm e` l``s mwpiu`v wmsm pi fpìuk k, ì wmlmcsmv e`l imssmeks, pi “fpme`sik llìk e` bjski`v vp`lukv‘) 35 @l fpìuk ik v` `vfsjc` z e` `vk v` usmum? e` pi fpìuk, ik fpìuk, e` lm jie`( fjcjljeme, ì wmlmcsmv e` E`ssjem,30 e` lm ikfjöi hjvhm e` s`lmuk) @vum wms`( f` v`s lm fkiflpvjöi hmbjvusml wmsm lm tjem e` pi `vfsjuks fkhk Fksuíms? vp ÿlujhk fpìuk `v lm i`bmfjöi e` lm wkvjcjljeme e`l fpìuk, e` mnè lm mwksèm) W`sk ik `v völk `vuk lk }p` `vuí ws`vìu` ì `l u`~uk, v` usmum umhcjêi e` lm jhwkvjcjljeme e`l kusk, wìvmek e`ve` `l ejvumifjmhjìuk }p` fkiepf` m lm kcoùjtjeme }p` w`shju` `vfsjcjs, v`bÿi fj`sumv u`ksèmv lju`smsjmv) Lk }p` ws`tml`f` ì `vu` fpìuk `v lm wskwp`vum e` }p` ik nmz pik ij kusk, vjik ejd`sìfjm z ejd`sjhjìuk, e` mnè }p` `l kusk ik wpèm v`s mvjek, e`ijek, eù`shjimek) Fpmiek `l imssmeks v` ws`bpium föhk nmclms e`l w`svkimo` vkcs` `l }p` `vfsjc` vji jhjumslk, vji dmlv`mslk, `vuí fsjujfmiek lm ejvujifjöi hjvhk(kusk) Ik `v wkvjcl` nmclms e`l kusk, wks}p` `v mcjvhml jiijupe jss`( Omjh` Mlmsmaj, Nmfjm Fksuíms? mwsk~jhmfjöi m vp kcsm, Cmsf`lkim, Miunskwkv, =::5, w) =42) Opljk Fksuíms, Fpìukv fkhwlùkv6, Pspbpmz, Wpiuk e` L`fupsm, 3772, w) 536) 30Wmusjfjk W`ýmlt`s, “Jiuskepffjöi‘, ì Lm e`fkivuspffjöi ì lmv dskiu`smv e` lm lkvkdèm, Omf}p`v

36

35

E`ssjem, Cmsf`lkim, Wmjeöv, =:>:, w) =4)

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epfujcl` }p` skhw` fki hj njvuksjm) Imssms lkv mfkiu`fjhjìukv s`lmfjkim( ekv fki `l kusk ujì` }p` t`s fki lm e`fjvjöi e` `v` kusk ì `l imssmeks, fki `l kusk }p` nmcjum ì hè z }p` h` w`shju` v`s zk hjvhk vjibplmshìu` kusk wmsm hè z wmsm `l kusk) Lm `vfsjupsm e`l kusk k vkcs` `l kusk v` hp`vusm fkhk jhwkvjcjljeme wmsm `l imssmeks, }pjì ì mlbÿi hkhìuk ejf`? “Lk hmlk `v }p` ik u`shjik e` fkitìf`sh` e` }p` ipifm wkesê nmf`slk wks}p` ì( us` kusmv fkvmv ik vkz fmwm e` `vfsjcjs vkcs` Mimc`l, ik h` tml` e` imem js opiumiek wèmkv }p` ì e`ijujtm ik vki e` Mimc`l vjik e` hè, fmvj fkhk vj Mimc`l `vuptj`sm }p`sjìek `vfsjcjs pi fpìuk z v` mfksemsm e` hè Q․X e` ukek `vk }p` mnksm tp`lt` z tp`lt` e`ve` mllí, e`ve` lk }p` mfmvk npcj`sm uìjek }p` v`s e` kusm hmi`sm, fkhk zk z fkhk fmvj ukek mllí z m}pè‘)34 @v `l kusk }pjì h` `vfsjc`) Lm s`vwp`vum m lm ws`bpium wks `l }pjêi v` ejfplum wks}p` ik nmz `vumcjljeme }p` w`shjum nmclms e` `vu` }pjêi }p` imssm e` hmi`sm mcvklpum) Lm e`fkivuspffjöi mwpium m lk }p` fmllm `l u`~uk, m lk }p` ejf` m hèjmv, m lk }p` s`wsjh`, lk fpml ik vjbijfm }p` mw`l` ml vjivìujek fkhk nksj( kiu` iml e` ukek u`~uk, vjik m lk jie`fjejcl`, m lk }p` nmf` }p` ipifm v` wpèm ll`bms m uì`s vkcs` êl lm ÿlujhm wmlmcsm) @vu` fpìuk wlmiu`m, mvè, lm e`fkivuspffjöi, lm ejd`sìfjm z ejd`sjhjìuk) @l l`fuks v` ìdsìum fki `vum jhwkvjcjljeme }p` lk fkiepf` m lm w`swlòjeme, e`cjek m lm fkiusmejffjöi? nm l`èek pi fpìuk }p` ik `v fpìuk, }p` v` e`vejcpom z ckssm m vè hjvhk) E` hmi`sm v`hòmiu` m “Lmv cmcmv e`l ejmclk‘, `vu` fpìuk e`fkivuspz` pi s`lmuk mshmujtk vkcs` `l wskwjk n`fnk e` fkiums) Ik völk lmv wskwp`vumv wkvtmibpmsejvumv jifkswksmi `l vjlìfjk fkhk fkivujupujtk) Mlbpimv kcsmv }p` `vfmvmhìu` `fnmi hmik e` msujfjkv, mfpeì umhcjêi m dkshmv e` e`fkivuspffjöi }p` wkiì ì fp`vujkimhjì( uk lkv hùmss`lmukv e` lmv jivujupfjki`v e`l @vumek hke`sik, fki fkhwljfm( ekv op`bkv e` jiu`su`~upmljeme) @o`hwlk e` `llk `v lm imssmujtm e` Jiêv Mss`( ekiek) @i mlbpikv e` vpv fpìukv, lm mpuksm e`v`vumcjljm `l hùmss`lmuk e`l fmukljfjvhk z e` lm hksml cpsbp`vm) Vji mfpejs m vkvujfmekv op`bkv fki `l `vwmfjk, `l uj`hwk k lm jivumifjm imssmujtm, lm mpuksm `tjeìfjm lmv fkiusm( ejffjki`v e` pi ejvfpsvk n`b`höijfk) Vp `vusmu`bjm fkivjvu` ì wki`s ì uìvjöi lkv fkiusmsjkv, fki lm imljeme ik e` mlfmims pim vèiu`vjv vpw`sjks, vjik e` hmiuì`s lm ejmlêfujfm i`bmujtm) @l vjlìfjk v` fkitj`su` ì fkivuj( upujtk wsjhksejml, zm }p` ml e`fkivuspjs, wks pim wmsu`, v` `~njc` lk }p` `l ejvfpsvk kfjml fmllm, w`sk vji hìfjkimslk) @v e`fjs, e` hmi`sm w`sjdêsjfm v` hmij`vum lk }p` ik wpè` e`fjsv`) @l l`fuks v` mwsk~jhmsí hív m lm 34

O) Fksuíms, kw) fju), w) 536)

==0


fkhwsìvjöi e` lkv vjlìfjkv vj `vuí dmhjljmsjmek fki lkv hùmss`lmukv }p` `vuíi vjìek e`cmujekv) Opmi Bmsfèm Wkif` `vfsjcjö }p` ì lm `vìfjm e` lkv w`svkimo`v z vpf`vkv e` lkv fpìukv e` Mssèkiek v` ìfj`ssm pi vìujek v`fsùk,32 mlbk ik ejfnk }p`, m lm t`, s`t`lm lk }p` v` }pj`s` e`fjs) @i “Lm Vpimhjum‘, pik e` lkv fpìukv hòks lkbsmekv e` lm mpuksm, lkv tmlks`v fsjv( ujmikv vki lkv }p` wsktkfmi lm fmèem e`l v`s nphmik, lòkv e` fkiepfjslk m lm tjsupe) @i “Vkhcsm ìus` vkhcsmv‘ lkv tmlks`v e` lmv tjsupe`v fsjvujmimv v` jitj`suì z v` wj`se` lm ejfkukhèm ksjbjiml e`l hùmss`lmuk) @l w`svkimo` mf`wum tjtjs ì lm jbikhjijm, }p` v` fkitj`su` ì lm dkshm e` fkhwsìe`sv` ì vp ip`tm jeìujeme) @i “Musmwmem‘, `l w`svkimo` d`hìjik nmcèm fkiv( uspjek vp jeìujeme ì `l hmsfk e` lm usmejfjöi) Lm s`lmfjöi fki vp `vwkvk hkejfm vp jeìujeme z lm fkitj`su` ì kusm w`svkim, e`vfkikfjem wmsm `llm hjvhm1 jeìujeme ì lm }p` umhwkfk ìfpìusm vmujvdmffjöi) @l l`fuks kc( v`stm `l wskf`vk e` e`vjiu`bsmfjöi e` pim jeìujeme fkivujupjem fki cmv` ì pi hùmss`lmuk, völk wmsm e`vfpcsjs }p` `l w`svkimo` d`hìjik v` fkh( wsìe`sí, vmcsí }pjêi `v, mnksm fkhk s`hèk e`l nkhcs` fki `l }p` tjt`) @vu` fpìuk e`fkivuspz` `l hùmss`lmuk }p` fkibpsm lm hùmdèvjfm e` “lm hpo`s‘, z vji e`fjslk, `tjeìfjm `l vjhplmfsk e` lm jeìujeme) Djimlhìu`, mcksemsê hpz cs`t`hìu` lm kcsm e` Skc`suk Cklmýk) @i lm kcsm e` `vu` mpuks lk ik ejfnk e`v`hw`ým pi wmw`l wsjhksejml z v` lk( bsm hèjmiu` ejvujiumv `vusmu`bjmv) Mpi fpmiek ì mlbpimv e` vpv ikt`lmv nmz hmijwplmfjöi e` lm dkshm, ik smejfm m}pè lm fkibpsmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk) Ik nmz fp`vujkimhjìukv vkcs` lmv w`svkimv bsmhmujfml`v, vkcs` lkv im( ssmeks`v k lm imssmfjöi Lkvmblpuji` eù`fujt`v vmltmo`v, imssm lkv hísbì`v) Ik nmz pihjvhm) fìusk@i}p` m}p`llk e` lkv`}p` v` e`ve` nmclm1 lm fkivumiu` `v lm dpbm, lm `~wlksmfjöi e` lm w`sjd`sjm }p` nmf` }p` m}p`llk e` lk }p` v` nmclm v` fkitj`sum ì mlbk ejdèfjl e` mvjs) Lkv hív e` fjifpì ( um imssmeks`v jitklpfsmekv ì `vum ikt`lm, emi fpìum e` vjupmfjki`v }p` mlpeì e` hmi`sm umibìfjml m lk }p` wms`f` v`s `l h`kllk e` lm usmhm) @vum `vusmu`bjm nmf` }p` ejfnm usmhm v` ejlpzm fkidksh` v` mtmim ì lm l`fup( sm, fs`miek `l mvkhcsk e`l l`fuks dsìu` m `vu` mwmsìu` jifphwljhjìuk ` jifkiflpvjtjeme) @i kusm ìksh` ikt`lm, jiu`bsmem wks fjifk wmsu`v }p` wpèì v`s l`èemv e` hmi`sm jiejvujium, llmhmem 3444, Cklmýk v` ejk m lm ums`m e` e`fkivuspjs mvw`fukv e` lmv bsmie`v imssmujtmv }p` fkibpsmski lm hke`sijeme) Ejt`svkv fkif`wukv vki fp`vujkimekv e` hmi`sm vjvu`hí( ujfm, m usmtêv e` lm fkibpsmfjöi e` mffjki`v e` lkv w`svkimo`v }p` s`vpl( umi wmsmeöojfmv, fkiusmejfuksjmv z mcvpsemv) »]pê `v v`s pi fsèujfk lju`smsjk;, »}pê, pi jiu`l`fupml, pi w`sjkejvum; Lk hív e`vumfmek `v, }pjí, lm e`fkiv( 32

Opmi Bmsfèm Wkif`, Usmkv, Hê~jfk, PIMH1 =:25, w) 30)

==4


uspffjöi e` `v` vpoùk dp`su`, fmwm e` mvjs fki s`vwkivmcjljeme vp wskwjm tjem, pik e` lkv bsmie`v hjukv e` lm hke`sijeme, m lkv kokv e` wìvmeks`v z msujvumv wkvhke`sikv) Lm tjklìfjm, `l hml, lkv mv`vjimukv vjvu`híujfkv hp`vusmi lm ji`~jvuìfjm e` `v` vpoùk, lm tpli`smcjljeme e` lmv tèfujhmv z e` lkv tjfujhmsjkv, lm n`sjem kiuklöbjfm }p` ikv nmf` lícjl`v z, ì kusk vìujek, hmlkv) Lm `vuspfupsm e` pim e` lmv wmsu`v, ì lm }p` ws`tml`f` lm s`wùjfjöi e` mfukv tjklìukv, fki `l hèijhk e` `l`hìukv imssmujtkv, `l mv`vjimuk e` hpo`s`v, wsktkfm `l `d`fuk e` ckssmepsm e`l vpoùk, lk e`fkivuspz`) Lm tjklìfjm ìhpe`f` ml kusk, lk `ljhjim, lk eòm tmfèk e` fkiuìjek, vji vp vè hjvhk, vji wkvjcjljeme`v) @l `vfsjuks fnjlìk mvwjsm m lm ukumljeme, w`sk wskfè` e` hmi`sm ejd`( sìu` e` fkhk lk njk `l s`mljvhk e`fjhkiöijfk, völk wks hìfjkims pi bêi`sk fki ejfnmv jifljimfjki`v) Lm ukumljeme ik wmsu` e` lm ksbmijmfjöi `~u`sjks, m wsjksj, vjik e` lm jiu`ss`lmfjöi e` lmv wmsu`v) @v e`fjs, lm je`m ik `v s`vklt`s lmv fkiusmejffjki`v k uìvjki`v z mlfmims fj`sumv vèiu`vjv uk( umljmeksmv, vjik kds`f`s ml l`fuks lm mfujtjeme dpiemhìuml e` s`lmfjkims lkv dsmbhìukv wmsm wke`s fkhwsìe`s lm wmsu` hjvhm) @vum mwsk~jhmfjöi `fnm hmik e` `vusmu`bjmv hÿlujwl`v }p` jifkswksmi lkv `vwmfjkv tmfèkv, lkv vjlìfjkv, e` hmi`sm wsjhksejml) Lm lju`smupsm z `l msu`, hke`sikv z wkvhke`sikv, fki lm jifkswksmfjöi e`l vjlìfjk, ì vpv ejvujiumv `~ws`vjki`v, ikv nmi jiejfmek pim hmi`sm ej( d`sìu` e` fkhwsìe`s) @l vjlìfjk, `vk kusk wp`vuk ì `tjeìfjm wks `vumv `~ws`vjki`v msuèvujfmv z lju`smsjmv, ikv nm w`shjujek fp`vujkims lm ikfjöi hjvhm e` msu`, mvè fkhk lm e` s`f`wuks, l`fuks k `vw`fumeks) @l vjlìfjk nm ll`tmek ml msu` ml lèhju` e` vè hjvhk z ikv nm mcj`suk, kds`fjek, dkshmv ej( d`sìu`v e` fkhwsìe`sikv ì `l hpiek) Wks ÿlujhk, s`fksems }p` ik nmz vjlìfjk vji mlbpjì }p` l` eê vìujek) @vum `v lm wmsmekom)

==2


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Meksik, Un) R) Ejmlêfujfm i`bmujtm, Hmesje, Maml, 377>) Mlmsmaj, O) Nmfjm Fksuíms? mwsk~jhmfjöi m vp kcsm, Cmsf`lkim, Miunsk( wkv, =::5) Cêbpji, M) Fs`mfjöi z e`vujik J) @ivmzkv e` fsèujfm lju`smsjm, Hê~jfk, DF@, =:>4) Clmifnku, H) “Lm smöi e` Vme`‘, ì Lmpusêmhkiu z Vme`, Hê~jfk, DF@, =::7) Fksuíms, Opljk) Fpìukv fkhwlùkv 6, Pspbpmz, Wpiuk e` L`fupsm, 3772) E`ssjem, O) E` lm bsmhmuklkbèm, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J, =::>) Bmsfèm Wkif`, O) Usmkv, Hê~jfk, PIMH, =:25) Bìùu`, B`smse) Djbps`v, Wmsèv, V`pjl, =:44) Bipuhmii, Sjum) U`ksèm e` lm lju`smupsm ml`hmim, Hmesje, Vèiu`vjv, =::5) Nmvvmi, J) Un` E`vh`hc`shìu kd Kswn`pv) Ukrmsev m Wkvuhke`si Lju`( smups`, Hmejvki, Pijt`svjuz kd Rjvfkivji Ws`vv, =:>3) Jv`s, R) @l mfuk e` l``s, Hmesje, Umpspv, =:>2) Lzkumse, D) Lm fkiejfjöi wkvhke`sim, Hê~jfk, Bèjvm, =::7) W`ýmlt`s, Wmusjfjk) “Jiuskepffjöi‘, ì Lm e`fkivuspffjöi ì lmv dskiu`smv e` lm lkvkdèm, Omf}p`v E`ssjem, Cmsf`lkim, Wmjeöv, =:>:)

Sjfk`ps, W) U`ksèm e` lm jiu`swsùmfjöi) Ejvfpsvk z `~fèìu` e` vìujek, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J+PJM, =:::) Speê, B) @pskwm ì `l vjblk ^TJJJ) Lm msjvukfsmfjm z `l e`vmdèk cpsbpêv, Hm( esje, Mljmim Pijt`svjeme, =::0) Umsm, U) “Wsjh`s Hmij`vuk Emeí‘, ì S`tjvum EMEM, _psjfn, =:=>) R`llh`s, M) Vkcs` lm ejmlêfujfm e` hke`sijeme z wkvhke`sijeme) Lm fsèuj( fm e` lm smöi e`vwpêv e` Meksik, Hmesje, Tjvks, =::6)

==>

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk .vp fmsífu`s dpiemfjkiml ì lm fji`hmukbsmdèm* Okvê Miukijk Mstjp Tmlìfjm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

@l fji` fkhk `~ws`vjöi msuèvujfm z hèjk e` vìemv `~w`sjìfjmv `vuê( ujfmv v` npck e` fkivujupjs ‖e`ve` pi fkhjìk( ì lmv dkshmv vjlìu`v k hpemv }p`, w`v` m lmv jifkswksmfjki`v e` ip`tmv u`fiklkbèmv dmtksmcl`v m lm mhwljmfjöi e`l `vw`fusk vji`vuêvjfk, ik nmi eòmek e` jifjejs ì lm ukhm e` fkifjìfjm e` lmv wkvjcjljeme`v e` lm wskwjm z `~flpvjtm tjvpmljeme) Wks kusm wmsu`, wkibmhkv e` s`lj`t` lk }p` wmsm hpfnkv njvuksjmeks`v, fji`mvumv ` jiflpvk mfjkimekv e`l fji` vjbp` vjìek pi s`d`sìu`? lm `sm fpmiek ik `~jvuèm vkijek vjifskijmek m lm fjium .ik kcvumiu` lm ws`vì( fjm e` hÿvjfkv }p` mfkhwmvmcmi lmv wskz`ffjki`v k `l `hwlmmhjìuk e` mwkzkv ejvfkbsífkv k bsmhkdöijfkv*) Lm êwkfmvjlìu` dp` s`vwkivmcl` e` v`ý`smv kcsmv e`l msu` fji`hmukbsífk, mvè fkhk vjbp` s`ws`vìumiek pi fkimuk, vèiukhm z s`d`sìu`, e` lkv fmpf`v }p` nmcsèm e` ukhms `l msu` e`l vjblk ^^1 e`ve` `l wpiuk e` tjvum e` pi cmlmif` sùskvw`fujtk) Wks lk miu`sjks, wsùìe`hkv `~wki`s mlbpimv e` lmv fmpvml`v e`l msu` fji`hmukbsífk ì s`lmfjöi m lkv hísbì`v e` vjbjlk z mdkièm }p` lk dsm( bpmski) Ik jhwljfmiek ì `vum ws`hjvm e`d`fuk e` ksjbì k h`sm ljhjumiu` u`fiklöbjfm, lm fji`hmukbsmdèm wpè` s`dsìems `l vjbijfmek z vìujek e` nmc`sv` fkivujupjek fkhk msu` e` lmv jhíbì`v öwujfmv ì hktjhjìuk vji mvje`sk e` jhíbì`v vkiksmv fkif`cjemv z miòmv) Vkvuì`hkv }p` lm `~w`sjìfjm vjlìu` e`l fji` `v fmwm ukemtèm e` wsk( t``s e` l`ffjki`v }p` mckiì ì lm fkibpsmfjöi e`l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k z wkstìjs, ws`fjvmhìu` ml s`fmwjuplms ì vp bêi`vjv vji `~flpjs e`l e`cmu`, wks fj`suk, lmv jhwljfmfjki`v spjekvmv e`l vjlìfjk ì vpv ejt`svmv mf`wfjk( i`v z t`sjfmujtkv, wmsujfplmshìu` ì lk ukfmiu` ml wmsmiböi fki lmv s`ws`( vìumfjki`v tjvpml`v) Vkcs` vp w`lèfplm @l vjlìfjk= .Uzvuimeì, =:46* Jibhms C`sbhmi `vfsjcjö? “Lm fjpeme e`vfkikfjem `v pi u`hm }p` h` nm w`sv`bpjek hpfnk uj`hwk Q․X dp` `l jhwplvk e` pi vp`ýk }p` v` s`wùèm fki ds`fpìfjm? `vukz ì pim bjbmiu`vfm fjpeme e`vfkikfjem) Tkz fmhjik e` lm wmsu` e` lm fjpeme ekie` `vuí lk wsknjcjek Q․X Mnè lmv l`z`v e` lm s`mljeme z lmv s`blmv e` lm tjem vkfjml `vuíi vpwsjhjemv) Ukek wpè` kfpssjs z ukek kfpss`) Q․X Völk nmcèm pim “w`lèfplm ì lm }p` Q․X v` nmclm pi jejkhm jifkhwsìvjcl`‘, v`bÿi v` s``s` ì C`sbhmi, Jib ( hms1 Ljiu`sim Híbjfm) Q=:>2X Upv}pùv, fkl) Dícplm & 62, Cmsf`lkim, =::0, w) =55) =

==:

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk

fkvm jssjumiu`? }p` vj`hws` jcm fmhjik e`l cmssjk wsknjcjek w`sk ipifm ll`( bmcm) Vj`hws` emcm lm fmvpmljeme }p` h` e`vw`sumcm miu`v k fmhcjmcm e` vp`ýk Q․X Fpmi v` t` nkz @lvjlìfjk, wskcmcl`hìu` v` wpè` fkivumums }p` Q․X v` `vfksm nmfjm lk lju`smsjk)‘ 3 Lpjv Cpýp`l, mfkse` m lm fkhwsìvjöi e` }p` `l fji` `v vp`ýk `vfsjcjö? “Q․X wks}p` `l vp`ýk völk `~jvu` wks `l s`fp`sek }p` lk mfmsjfjm) Q․X ep( smiu` `l vp`ýk, `l f`s`csk v` wsku`b` e`l hpiek `~u`sjks, }p` `v hpfnk hìkv vìvjcl` m lkv Q․X fkihjv hj n`shmimv wmes` Q․X}p` Zk vê }p`vìum( `vuí hp`suk z vpvpssm m hjspjekv hmes` k mvp`ýk pim e` `vuí em m hj lmek) vkcs` ukek, }p` imej` v` lk ejbm± Q․X »Föhk s`fkcsms pi vp`ýk w`sejek;‘6, z vkcs` lm n`fnpsm e`l bpjöi fki Vmltmeks Emlè e` Pi w`ssk miemlp .PiFnjìmiemlkp, =:3:* hìfjkim pim s`blm fkhÿi wmsm lm s`mljmfjöi e`l bpjöi .ì `l }p` “wsmfujfícmhkv pim `vw`fj` e` `vfsjupsm mpukhíujfm‘5*? “ik mf`wums je`m ij jhmbì mlbpim }p` wpej`sm ems lpbms m pim `~wljfmfjöi smfjkiml, wvjfklöbjfm k fplupsml Q․X‘0 Fmsl Es`z`s, hm`vusk e`l fji` vjlìu`, eòö `vumv jiu`s`vmiu`v wmpumv vk( cs` `l fji` fki vkijek vjifsöijfk? “@l mpuêiujfk fji` vkiksk ujì` }p` ems lm jhws`vjöi e` }p` pi nkhcs`, `}pjwmek fki pim fíhmsm z pi hjfsk Q․X kfpluk cmok lm fmwm e` lm jitjvjcjljeme, nm skemek lmv `vfìmv hív jhwksumi( u`v e`l esmhm z nm e`vmwms`fjek vji nmf`s spjek, jbpml }p` nmcèm tìjek)‘ 4 Pi fsèujfk v`ýmlö vkcs` `l ejs`fuks emiêv? “Vj Es`z`s dp` vj`hws` pi fji`mv( um ejvujiuk, vjibplms, jimvjhjlmcl`, dp` wks}p` vjbpjö vjìek, v`fsùmhìu`, pi fji`mvum hmsfmek `l hpek Q․X @iwmsm `l hpek uj`hwk wmsm lm2 jhmbì z pi uj`hwk wmsm `lwks u`~uk, pi uj`hwk t`s znmz pipi uj`hwk wmsm l``s‘ “@l fji` vkiksk nm uìejek m jbiksms lm jhmbì ì cì`fjk e` lm wmlmcsm‘>, z `v }p` lm jsspwfjöi e`l vkijek ll`bm ì lm hòks êwkfm e`l fji` hpek, “w`sk jiu`stjij`ski ìukif`v lmv uêfijfmv vkiksmv }p` `hwpomski e` ip`tk ml fji` m ìf`ssmsv` ìus` lmv wmsè`v e` Fêlku`~ e` lkv `vupejkv, JibhmsC`sbhmi1 Jhíbì`v) Q=::7X Upv}pùv, fkl) Dícplm & =04, Cmsf`lkim, =::3, ww) :3, :0 z ::) 6LpjvCpýp`l1 Hj ÿlujhk vpvwjsk) Q=:>3X Wlmm $ Omi`v, Hê~jfk, =:>6, ww) :3(:6 z :0) 5Kw) Fju), w) =75) 0Je`h, w) =76) 4Fmsl U)Es`z`s1 @l mpuêiujfk fji` vkiksk Q=:66X ì Fmsl U)Es`z`s1 S``~jki`v vkcs` hj kfjk, Wmjeöv, fkl) Lm h`hksjm e`l fji` & 6, Cmsf`lkim, =:::, w) 5=) 2Tje) Fnmsl`vU`vvki1 Lkv vpwljfjkv e`l u`musk ì Fmsl U)Es`z`s1 Kw) Fju), ww) =4 z =2)

3

>

=37

Je`h, w) 4=)

.vp fmsífu`s dpiemfjkiml ì lm fji`hmukbsmdèm*

jhw`sh`mcl`v m lkv spjekv‘: `vuk `v, }p` lm hksmlòm w`svjvu`? w`v` ml vk( ijek, `v ws`fjvk ì `l fji` bmsmiujms pim vp`su` e` vjlìfjk }p` w`shjum `vfpfnms lmv jhíbì`v tjvpml`v z `v }p`, vkvujì` ip`vusk mpuks, lm b`vujfp( lmfjöi, jiflpvk ì wlìk fji` vkiksk, “@v hív jhwksumiu` }p` lm wmlmcsm‘ =7 k cjì, lm wmlmcsm `v pi `l`hìuke`lmjhmbì==) Fpmiek ì vp ljcsk @l kfjk e` fji`mvum=3 .Un` ukuml lh(hma`s* `l föhjfk z s`mljmeks O`ssz L`rjv fkitkfmcm m lkv oötì`v mvwjsmiu`v e` wsjifjwjkv e` lkv mýkv vùìum m lmIk ejs`ffjöi e` v`s w`lèfplmv, Djlhì fpml}pj`s fkvm) ujì` }p` vkiksm)mshmcm? Ik ujì`“Nmbmi }p` v`sw`lèfplmv) ujuplmem) Ik ujì` }p` v`s ì fklks) Ik nmz pi uì`s }p`) Nmbmi vklmhìu`) Z hpêv( usìlm m mlbpjì)‘=6, êl, n`sè`sk e` lmv blksjmv e`l fji` hpek }p` ik v` wk( esèm ìuìe`s ij tmlksms vji lkv mwksu`v e` lm fkhèjm tjvpml, hív me`lmiu` `vfsjcèm? “Vj`hws` n` w`sfjcjek }p` lm fkhèjm `v vjiöijhk e` s`mljeme‘ z “E`ve` lp`bk, lm fkhèjm ik i`f`vjum v`s t`scml‘=51 ì `d`fuk, `l fji` föhj( fk s`t`lm lm jhwksumifjm e` vp wskwjk vjlìfjk fkhk ejvwìvmfjöi i`f`vmsjm e` `vwmfjkv wmsm lm jhwskium e` lm vkisjvm, lm sjvm z, wks vpwp`vuk mnksm vè, lm hív muskimeksm fmsfmomem e`l `vw`fumeks? `l fji` e`c` eòms, ì vpv vjlìfjkv, lkv hísbì`v e` dkimfjöi z vkiksjeme, spjek z vpvpssk ml wÿcljfk mvjvuìu` }p`, ik kcvumiu`, vmc` bpmsems fki ds`fpìfjm pi vjbjlk ìus` vè wmsm mws`fjms lm fjium, fkhk s`fmuíiekv` ml hkek e` lkv ijýkv cjì wksum( ekv, w`sk fki pim `~ws`vjtjeme `vwkiumi`m) Vj, ì `vu` vìujek, `l vjlìfjk `v lm fpkum e` `~ws`vjöi }p` v` `vw`sm e` pi msujvum, ìukif`v ukem vp`su` e` vkiksjeme`v `v ws`sskbmujtm e`l `vw`fumeks fkhk vp l`bèujhm s`mffjöi) “Lmps`l z Nmsez mfkvuphcsmcmi e`fjs? Wvvvu, hjsm `vuk±, w`sk vji ll`bms m wskipifjmslk) @sm mlbk hmsmtjllkvk Q․X fkhk }pj`sm }p` v`m, `l fnjvu` tjvpml ik i`f`vjum vpcuèuplkv‘=0 z `vuk wks}p` (imljmsí ejfjìek( “`l wskcl`hm vj`hws` `v lm usmepffjöi‘=4, w`sk umhcjêi lk `v lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e`l msujvum, wks `llk }p` lkv hísbì`v e` jhwsktjvmfjöi }p` emi v`llk m cpìm wmsu` e`l msu`, ì `l fji` Je`h, w) 55) Je`h, w) 40) ==Je`h, w) 44) =3O`sszL`rjv1 @l kfjk e` fji`mvum) Q=:2=X Cmssml èjuks`v, fkl) Cs`t` cjcljku`fm e` s`vwp`vumv & >7, Cmsf`lkim, =:26) =6Kw) Fju), w) 3=) =5Je`h, w) =43) =0Je`h, w) =44) =4Je`h, w) =>=) :

=7

=3=

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk

eòmi ml bpjöi m pi lmek .fkhk `l`hìuk t`scml z ejfumuksjml*, `vw`fjmlhìu` ì lm fkhèjm, L`rjv s``s` “Vumi Q`l mfkX h` fkiuö }p` Klj` Q`l bksekX fk( hìmcm m hjsms nmfjm lm fíhmsm, fkhpijfíiekv` ejs`fumhìu` fki `l wÿclj ( fk‘ 1 z mvè, `vum fkhpijfmfjöi, fkhk ì `vw`sm e` pim v`ýml, fkivujupz` umh ( cjêi pi mvw`fuk m fkivje`sms fpmiek e` lm s`fjwskfjeme ` jivwjsmfjöi v` usmum z }p` `v, wks vp hjvhm ejiíhjfm, vjlìu` z uífjumhìu` mejtjimem k dsmbpmem) Wmsm Ukhív Bpujêss` Ml`m “mpi `l fji` llmhmek e` ìusùìjhjìuk, `l fji`fphwljs }p` mwmsìu`hìu` ik ejf` imem, `l vjhwl` kcoùk e` fkivphk, wp`( e` umhcjêi lm dpifjöi e` ìsj}p`f`s `vwjsjupmlhìu` ml `vw`fumeks ì lm hív `l`hìuml hèjem‘=>1 `vu` ejs`fuks fki jifljimfjki`v vkfjmljvumv fkhwmsu` u`vjv fki kuskv mpuks`v }p` v` wkesèmi fkivje`sms cpsbp`v`v, wks lk hìkv ì lk ukfmiu` m vmfms ml `vw`fumeks e` vp ji`~ws`vjtjeme, mdmvjm k wmvjtjeme, vkcs` ukek, “ì lm hèjem ì }p` `hwpo` ml `vw`fumeks nmfjm pim hív wskdpiem fkhwsìvjöi e` lm s`mljeme‘=:, e` dkshm uml }p` mw`lmsí m lm smöi z ml ejvdspu` fkhk mvw`fukv `vìfjml`v e` lm `~w`fumfjöi dèlhjfm) @l ejs`fuks fpcmik, s`mfjk m lm wmvjtjeme(fkiu`hwlmujtm e`l `vw`fumeks, v` vphm ì s`fkikf`s lkv mwksu`v s`tklpfjkimsjkv e`l fji` vktjêujfk, emek }p` ì `v` w`sèkek e` dsmbpm (lm `sm vjlìu`( v` wpej`ski fkiusmss`vums hìujsmv kfjml`v z t`seme`v w`}p`ýkcpsbp`vmv, ì `l ìuìejek e` }p` lkv “hjukv e`fmeìu`v ik v` e`vuspzì vklmhìu` fki wmlmcsmv‘37 ì hmikv, w) ò), e` @jvìvu`ji ‖e` }pjì fjum vpDkshme`lFji`.=:3>(50*(, v` usmum umhcjêi “e` pi vmljsvè`vèhjvhk, e` pi fmhcjk e` fkiejfjöi z e`l wmvk e` pim fpmljeme m kusm fpmljeme, ê~umvjv‘3=) @l msujvum vktjêujfk nmcsèm emek wmvkv sh`v wmsm nmf`s wmsjs ml fji`, }p` `v pi “msu` imfjìu`‘33 ‖`vfsjc` Bpujêss` Ml`m( wskt`zêi( ekl` e` “je`mv fkhk ì `vumek `hcsjkimsjk‘36, fki `vu` uskwk wkesèmhkv fkivje`sms }p` `l vkijek z “`l mp~jljk e` lm wmlmcsm‘35 nmcsèmi ll`bmek fkhk mipifjmiek `l wsjh`s llmiuk e` c`cê z wkvu`sjks`v cmlcpf`kv, `hw`sk, “Nmz }p` e`fjs, vji `hcmsbk, }p` uml`v `vdp`skv nmi dspfujfmek wkvu`sjkshìu` ì pim hív mhwljm bmhm e` wkvjcjljeme`v `~ws`vjtmv wmsm `l fji`‘30) UkhívBpujêss` Ml`m1 Ejmlêfujfme`l`vw`fumeks) Q=:>3X Fpme`sikv e` lm s`tjvum Pijöi & =6, Lm Nmcmim =:>3, w) 37) =:Kw) Fju), w) 3=) Je`h, w) 5=) Je`h, w) 52) Je`h, w) 5:) Je`h, w) 06) Je`h, w) 5:) =>

Je`h, w) 5:)

=33


Fkivjeês`v` }p` `l wskwjk mpuks e` pim w`lèfplm umi jipzìu` ì lm mwm( sjfjöi e`l fji` lmujikmh`sjfmik fkhk H`hksjmve`lvpce`vmsskllk .=:4>* z fki je`m uml`v fkhk lm tjklìfjm z s`flmhk }p` `l msu` e`c` wsktkfms ì `l wÿcljfk wmsm hkt`slk m lm fkhwsìvjöi z usmivdkshmfjöi e` lm s`mljeme, ml fmck e` pikv mýkv ‖z v`bpsmhìu` e`vwpêv e` hpfnmv s`fkitìfjki`v e`l sêbjhì, emek }p` v` ò`sfèm pim “fsèujfm eìusk e` lm s`tklpfjöi‘34 ( ( imljmcm fki pim dsmv` ìjbhíujfm e`v`miek? “Ikvkuskv umhcjêi }pjvjêsm( hkv }p` lm w`lèfplm ìtò`fj`sm lk hív wskiuk wkvjcl`‘ )32 Ik `v }p` ip`vusk wskwövjuk `vusjc` ì nmf`s pim tìumokvm cmumllm fki( usm `l fji` vkiksk, nmz fj`sumhìu` pi eòk e` ikvumlbjm mfmvk jit`svmhì( u` wskwksfjkiml ml ìupvjmvhk wskiuk mfmllmek e` }pjì`v f`l`csmcmi `l metìjhjìuk e`l fji` wmslmiu`? “Ukek hpiek nmclm e` lm fkvm vjlìfjkvm }p` nm mwsìejek m nmclms‘ 3>, vjbimski ì vp hkhìuk @jvìvu`ji, Wpek( taji z Ml`~mieskt) Z `v }p` lkv wskwjkv fji`mvumv shmiu`v e` `vum e`flm( smuksjm, fmvj m sìblöi v`bpjek met`suèmi }p` “ì msmv e` lm jitìfjöi uml wms`f` }p` `vu` mtmif` ì `l fji` `vuí vjìek pujljmek ì pim ejs`ffjöi jifkss`fum Q․X }p` mhìmm fki umhcjêi fki e`vuspjs vpv lkbskv dkshml`v mfupml`v‘)3: Wp`v cjì, mv`t`smiek }p` `l msu` dèlhjfk s`wkvmcm ì `l hkiumo`, `vm uêfijfm e` fksu` wmsm nmf`s usmivjfjki`v e` lk tjvpml (vji md`fumfjki`v e` spjek tjvpml(, v` vkvuìèm mvjhjvhk }p` `l fji` `sm wksumeks e` “pi wke`sk( vk `d`fuk vkcs` lm bìu`‘ z }p` `l vkijek eòm ml fklks z ml fji` fki s`lj`t` ì fmljeme e` e`vfpcsjhjìukv jivjbijfmiu`v) @l vkijek ik e`c`sèm }pèms fkhk pi h`sk vmujvdmfukse`lmfpsjkvjeme .wsktkfmiek lm “jlpvjöi‘ e`bì( u`}p`nmclm z e` kcoùkv mpejcl`v*, wks `vuk z wmsm e`dìe`s `l e`vmsskllk fplhjimiu` e`l msu` e` lm èjfjöi .hkiumo`* ml }p` nmcèmi ll`bmek lkv spvkv, v` mbs`bm, `v i`f`vmsjk `tjums lm “zp~umwkvjfjöi‘ .vjifskièm* wmsm wsjtjl`( bjms `l “fkiusmwpiuk‘ .ìuìejem fkhk ik men`vjöi vjik ì e`wìeìfjm s`vw`fuk e`l dsmbhìuk tjvpml (èjumek k ik(*) @l vkijek (ejo`ski( v` mh`sj( umcm fkhk pim “vmljem ksbíijfm‘ wmsm lkv kcvuífplkv .fkhk `l jiu`suèuplk, lmv jhíbì`v `~wljfmujtmv jiv`sumemv fki völk `v` i, z ukek lk }p` fki( usmss`vumsm `l u`hwk z sjuhk e` pim fjium*, ukekv lkv }p` lm tmibpmsejm e` Je`h, w) 4:) Je`h, w) 23) 3>E`flmsmfjöi vjbimem wks @jvìvu`ji, Wpektaji z Ml`~mieskt z wpcljfmem ì =:3>, ì V`sb`j@( jvìvu`ji1 Lm dkshm e`l fji`) Q=:5:X Vjblk ^^J èjuks`v, Hê~jfk, =:::, }pjium èjfjöi, w) 360) 3:Kw) Fju), w) 360) 34

32

=36

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk

fji`mvumv fkivje`smcm vji vklpfjöi67) V` fkiflpz` }p`, ì ukek fmvk, e`c` jivusphìumsv` `l vkijek fkhk `l`hìuk e` ejtksfjk fki lm jhmbì tjvpml 6= vj}pj`sm wmsm umhcjêi ws`v`stms lkv lkbskv e` uì`s pi fji` z pi wÿcljfk vj`hws` jiu`simfjkiml, k ml hìkv mlòmek e` lm fkhkejeme e` pim fljìu`lm ekhêvujfm }p` nmclm `l hjvhk jejkhm) Z vki mÿi hív (` jbpmlhìu` mpuksjmemv( lmv llmhmemv e` ml`sum }p` v` njfj`ski s`vw`fuk e`l metìjhjìuk e`l vkijek) Fki Skc`su Cs`vvki v` l``? 63 mcs` vpv wp`sumv ml u`musk }p` kfpwm lm wlmm z lm ske`m e` “@l fji` vkiksk mlmhcsmemv‘ .je`m n`sèmem e` Es`z`s m lm }p` fkhwl`hìum fki pim s`vjvuìu` wskwp`vum e`vwpêv sùkhmem wks C`sbhmi*? “Pi mfuks `vuí Qe`( c`sèm `vumsX ì `l fji`hmuöbsmdk fkhk ì pi wmèv `~usmio`sk) Ik nmclm lm lìbpm)‘66 W`sk v`sèm `ssöi`k jiu`swsùms `vuk fkhk pim mfkhùjem fkiusm `l u`musk, fpmiek }p` `v vjhwl`hìu` pi e`vljie`, zm }p` “Lm u`ssjcl` fkv( uphcs` e`l u`musk‘65 vjbijfm }p` êvu` ik e`c` ìuìe`sv` wmsm v`s sùsm( umek wks `l fji`, `v, ì vphm, ejvujibpjs `vw`fèfmhìu` lk }p` s`vplum wml( hmsjk, m vmc`s, }p` ik nmz ì `l lh “ws`vìfjm hmu`sjml e` mfuks`v tjtkv‘60 z, ì bì`sml, e`vjvujs mf`sfm e` fj`suk imupsmljvhk }p` v` cpvfm fki `l fji`( hmuöbsmdk z }p` wmsm Cs`vvki s`vplum mcvpsek1 ì vp lpbms v` e`c` cpvfms pim usmivdkshmfjöi wks hèjk e` lm wkvjfjöi z s`lmfjöi e` jhíbì`v z e` lkv hke`lkv ‖mfuks`v( .ekie` lk vkiksk `v umi jhmbì fkhk lk tjvpml*) Z `v }p` v`bÿi `vu` ejs`fuks `~jvu` pi “wmslku`k tjvjcl` e` lkv fp`swkv, lkv kcoùkv, lmv fmvmv, lmv fmll`v, lkv ísckl`v, lkv fmhwkv‘)

@i uksik m lmv jiu`stìfjki`v e` jhíbì`v z ì dsmifm mekwfjöi e` pim wkvupsm s`vw`fuk e`l hpiek vkiksk e`flmsm, fkhk Tjtmlej, }p` “Fpmiek pi vklk tjklèi cmvum, ik `hwl`ms ekv‘ 64, }p` e`c` `tjumsv` lm “hÿvjfm e` mfkhwmýmhjìuk‘62, }p` ì fmvk `~us`hk, “@v ws`fjvk }p` lkv spjekv v` fkitj`sumi ì hÿvjfm‘ z zm }p` lm jhmbì “ik ujì` pi tmlks mcvklpuk‘6>, Skc`suCs`vvki1 Ikumv vkcs` `l fji`hmuöbsmdk) Q=:20X Cjcljku`fm @sm, @ivmzk, Hê~jfk, =:2:, w) ==) Je`h, w) =6) 63 Skc`suCs`vvki1 Ikumv vkcs` `l fji`hmuöbsmdk) Q=:20X Cjcljku`fm @sm, @ivmzk, Hê~jfk, =:2:, w) ==) 66Je`h, w) =6) 65@tjeìfjmem spjekvm ` jss`vjvujcl`hìu` wks `l `~usmýk dìöhìk ‖ejbik e` `vupejmsv`( e` mwlmpejs dsìu` m pim w`lèfplm .Kw) Fju), w) 37*) 60Je`h, w) =6) 64Je`h, w) 33) 62Je`h, w) 30) 6>Je`h, w) 32) 67

6=

=35


hív mÿi, mfkivòm? “Mv`bÿsmu` e` nmc`s mbkumek ukek lk }p` v` fkhpijfm wks hèjk e` lm jihktjljeme z `l vjlìfjk‘6:) Ik kcvumiu` }p` vkvujì` }p` “Pi smpeml e` wmlmcsmv ik emým Qk ik wpè` emýmsX pim QcpìmX w`lèfplm‘57 nm e` `vumsv` fki muìfjöi, wks}p`, pi mfuks }p` wmslku`m z “dmsdpllm wmsm nmf`sikv fs``s }p` jitìum lmv dsm( v`v m hèjem }p` lmv ejf` Q․s`vplum ì․X `l `d`fuk fkiusmsjk‘ 5=1 ukek pim ejv`sumfjöi vkcs` `l pvk ji`sfjml e` hèjkv z, wks umiuk, llmhmem ml s`wkvk vjlìu` e` lm fkimiek jhmbì .e`ve` lm lm wkie`smfjöi e`lfkivjbp` fji`mvumwks z nmvum v`stjfjk e`l wÿcljfk* ì }p` wk`vèm ik v` wsjvm`l“@llm vklm wìùsm wks lmv opiupsmv‘53) @l fji` fkhk `~w`sjìfjm tjvpml `v pim “ip`tm hmi`sm e` `vfsjcjs‘ 56 w`sk ik v` wkvusm miu` lm wmlmcsm) Z fkhk vj vkvw`fnmsm }p` `l fji` vkik( sk wsùìej`sm bmimsl` s`lj`t` m lm tjvpml v` wskipifjm, fkhk ejfjêiekv`lk m vè hjvhk, vkcs` `l “Wke`s }p` upv jhíbì`v ujìì .mwlmimemv* e` v`s kusmv }p` lk }p` vki‘ 55, `vuk `v, ì `l vpwp`vuk e` Cs`vvki v`bÿi `l fpml `l vkijek `v uml mýmejepsm m lm jhmbì tjvpml, wks `vuk ll`bm m mshms }p`, ws`fjvmhìu`, “@l fji` vkiksk nm jitìumek `l vjlìfjk‘ 50 z mflmsm? “vjlìfjk kcuìjek wks `l wjmijvvjhke` lkv spjekv‘ 54) W`sk ì Cs`vvki v` mhwlèm lmsbmhìu` ì vp w`}p`ýk u`~uk `l u`hm e` lmv s`lmfjki`v ìus` lmv jhíbì`v tjvpml`v z vkiksmv, mvè fkhk lk ukfmiu` m lm fpkum e` vjlìfjk e` wks hèjk, fkhk wmsm s`hjujsikv mnksm völk m ìpi ( fjms lkv s`vumiu`v mwpiu`v? fkhk }p` wks i`f`vjeme`v sèuhjfmv v` mfsèjumi lkv vkijekv “lk }p`52fs``v kès ik `v lk }p`jifjeìuml`v kz`v‘ z wkswmsm `vukv`s v` s`ksbmijmekv e`cì sùkhmszmì}p` `l vjlìfjk , lm fkh( 5> wl`hìumsjème ` jiu`sfmhcjkv vji wmsjeme (ij jie`wìeìfjm , ij mp~jljk5: Je`h, w) 34) Je`h, w) 63) 5=Je`h, w) 6=) 53Je`h, w) 66) 56Je`h, w) 65) 55Je`h, w) 62) 50Je`h, w) 56) 54Je`h, w) 55) 52Je`h, ww) 52 z 5>) 5>Fds) w) 2>) Zm, }p` umhcjêi ikum, lm hÿvjfm fkhk e`l`ju` “mèvlm‘ lm “tjem‘ e` lm w`lèfplm wks v`s “pi wke`skvk hkejfmeks ` jiflpvk e`vuspfuks e` lk s`ml, fkhk mlfknkl k eskbm‘ .w) >=*) 6:

57

Fds) w) 02)

5:

=30

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk

vjik fkhk s`l`tk07( e` `vukv .lm tjvpml, `l vkijek z `l vjlìfjk* ì lm fkhwk( vjfjöi0= nmvum bì`sms lm jhws`vjöi e` }p` ukekv `vfkbj`ski vp lpbms031 lmv fsèujfmv ml cmscmsjvhk e`l ekclmo` wks wms`f`s }p` lmv tkf`v v` `}pjtkfmski e` ckfm06, wmsm }p` mvè fkhk ik v` usmum e` nmf`s e`l fji` ukek öwujfk 05 v` e`vuji` ml kèek lk }p` ik v` s`wjum ml kok 00, mwskt`fnmiek lmv jhwmfjìfjmv04 wks t`s z kès021 me`hív, `l ejd`sìek ìus` pi nkhcs` z vp jhmbì tjvpml }p` ik `~jvu` fkhk ìus` êl z vp tk0> zm }p` nmz pim hmzks fkvuphcs` m lm tk }p` ml skvusk 0: z, wks `llk, lmv i`f`vmsjmv `tjumfjki`v e`l vkijek z `v }p` `l fji`mvum s`fkikf` }p` uì`hkv pim hmzks 47wskdpiejeme ì `l kèek .tm nmfjm meìusk* }p` ì `l kok .hív nmfjm mdp`sm* z ì `vum e`flmsmfjöi eòm umhcjêi `l u`vujhkijk (wks ukekv f`sfjksmcl`( e` lm “vpw`sfjmljeme e`l kok‘ fmwm e` wme`f`s pi jhw`sjk e`l vkijek4=) Z mvè, fmwjumljmiek ip`vusm eku` cjì mbìfjmem e` vkijekv z spjekv e` lm tjem fkujejmim, mwskt`fnms wmsm lkv i`v e`l fji`hmuöbsmdk m lm jhmbì fkhk `d`fuk e` s`vkimifjm, fkhk ikumvkvuìjem43 ‖}p` zm vmc`hkv föhk v` kz`( ì lm “hpvjfmljeme‘ e`l vjlìfjk tjvpml) @vu` cì`fjk `v umhcjêi pim e`d`sìfjm ml wÿcljfk e` fji`, wks lk }p` ik v` uìesèm }p` vmujvdmf`s fki pim w`lèfplm ml `vw`fumeks fki bpvuklju`smsjk, iju`musml, ijwjfuösjfk, ijhpvjfml46) Tje) w) 0>) Je`h, w) 07) 03Fjumiek m Hjluki? Vjlìf` rmv wl`mvè .w) 06*)

07 0=

Je`h, w) 03) “Ik v` wpè` v`s m lm t` ukek kok z ukek kèek‘ .w) 04*) 00Wks `llk ò`hwljfm Cs`vvki }p` jiflpvjt` lm jhmbì e`l fji` e`c` js e` lk kfpluk m lk tjvjcl` z tjf`t`svm w) ò) ml “Usmepfjs `l tjìuk jitjvjcl` hèjmiu` `l mbpm }p` `vfplw` m vp wmvk‘ .w) 2=* z wks pi hjvhk hkujtk lk mpejcl` ì lk ji`dmcl` .w) ==5*) 04Fds) w) 0>) 02Met`sujekv e`l wskcl`hm `vuêujfk e`l mpuks e` fji` }p` vmc` }p` jiuìum fki vp msu` “Nmf`s t`s lk }p` t`v, wks jiu`shèjk e` pim hí}pjim }p` ik lk t` fkhk uÿ lk t`v‘ .z mvè lk mfkum ml wj` e` wíbjim lk s`lmujtk m “nmf`s kès lk }p` kz`v wks jiu`shèjk e` pim hí}pjim }p` ik lk kz` fkhk uÿ‘, w) 25*) 0>Fds) w) 40) 0:Fds) w) 44) 47Fds) w) 02) 4=“@l vjlcjek e` lm lkfkhkuksm ikv vpwsjh` lm tjvjöi e` ukem pim `vumfjöi‘ .w) 24*) 43Fds) w) :6) 06

05

46

Fds) w) :4)

=34


M hkek e` mpukfsèujfm s`vplum vkswsìeìu` fkivumums }p` Cs`vvki ll`bp` m mehjujs }p` `l fji` wpèm zm nmc`sv` fkit`sujek ì `vm “`vfp`lm e` e`vmuìfjöi‘ ekie` v`hjsmvjit`s45, ì `~mfum fkss`vwkieìfjm ‖z }p` umhwkfk v`sèm e`v`mcl`( e` s`hjujs ukem vkiksjeme m lm smejk) Fkhk fksk( lmsjk, pim l`ffjöi v` s`t`lm ì lkv msu`dmfukv hke`sikv e`l hpiek e` lk mp ( ejcl`, t) bs)pi u`lêdkik }p`, ì vp mwmsjfjöi ì `l fji`, lkbsm `l wskejbjk e` }p` lm tk nmf` tjvjcl` m mlbpjì40, nmfjìek min`lk e` pi wskwövjuk vjhjlms ì lm jhmbì öwujfm fpmiek `v fmwm e` s`vkims lk }p` ik v` `vuí kzìek) Wks ukek `vuk, vìuìfjm wmsm vè fmvj ml iml?44“Fkivuspz` up w`lèfplm vkcs` lk clmifk, vkcs` `l vjlìfjk z lm jihktjljeme‘ 1 `l vjlìfjk mfmcm s`ws`vì( umiek wmsm Cs`vvki `l fkivujupujtk e` cmv`, mýme`, jiflpvjt` wmsm lm hÿvj( fm (}p` ik v` nmsèm ìu`smhìu` e` êl, w`sk }p` l` `v i`f`vmsjk fkhk vp mwkzk(1 e` mllè }p` lk }p` nmz }p` `tjums (m i e` fpìumv( vki lmv “w`lèfplmv s`hìememv wks lm hÿvjfm‘, `vmv }p` e` `vum hmi`sm jhwjeì “t`s }p` ik nmz imem ì vpv jhíbì`v‘42) Cs`vvki ik epeö ì mf`wums z e`flmsms }p` lm fíhmsm e` fji` z lm bsmcm( eksm e` vkijekv vki “hí}pjimv vpcljh`v‘ w`sk (m hkek e` `~flmhmfjöi( l`v wèèm “ll`tmeh` lòkv e` lm jiu`ljbìfjm }p` ukek lk fkhwljfm‘ 4> z `v }p`, fkhk v` `~jbjö s`fkikf`s .“vk wìm e` v`s e`vnki`vuk‘, `vfsjcjö*? “Völk nmf` wkfk, z wkfk m wkfk, vpwsjhè lm hÿvjfm z h` v`stè e`l vjlìfjk fkhk `l`hìuk e` fkhwkvjfjöi z fkhk s`fpsvk e` `hkfjöi)‘4: S`vumsèmi wks `~wki`s lmv s``~jki`v vkcs` `l vjlìfjk ì `l fji` e` pi Miesê Cmji, pi KsvkiR`ll`v, pi Njufnfkfa, Umsaktvaz k N`skb z Rì( e`sv1 `l uj`hwk ik em wmsm hív z `l spjek e` `vumv wmlmcsmv mfmcmsèm ‖vj ik zm lk njk( ì pi t`seme`sk e`vwskwövjuk)

Fds) w) =75) Fds), ì lmv ikumv iml`v, e` ìus` =:47 z =:25, w) ==0) 40Je`h, w) =35) 44Jcje`h) 42Jcje`h) 4>Je`h, w) =34) 4:Je`h, w) =30) 45

40

=32

@l vjlìfjk `~w`suk

S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv C`sbhmi, Jibhms1 Jhíbì`v) Q=::7X Upv}pùv, fkl) Dícplm & =04, Cmsf`( lkim, =::3) C`sbhmi, Jibhms1 Ljiu`sim Híbjfm) Q=:>2X Upv}pùv, fkl) Dícplm & 62, Cmsf`lkim, =::0) Cs`vvki, Skc`su1 Ikumv vkcs` `l fji`hmuöbsmdk) Q=:20X Cjcljku`fm @sm, @i( vmzk, Hê~jfk, =:2:) Cpýp`l, Lpjv1 Hj ÿlujhk vpvwjsk) Q=:>3X Wlmm $ Omi`v, Hê~jfk, =:>6) Es`z`s, Fmsl U)1 S``~jki`v vkcs` hj kfjk) Q=:6:(45, =::2X Wmjeöv, fkl) Lm h`hksjm e`l fji` & 6, Cmsf`lkim, =:::) @jvìvu`ji, V`sb`j1 Lm dkshm e`l fji`) Q=:5:X Vjblk ^^J èjuks`v, Hê~jfk, =::: .0¯*) Bpujêss` Ml`m, Ukhív1 Ejmlêfujfme`l`vw`fumeks ) Q=:>3X Fpme`sikv e` lm s`tjvum Pijöi & =6, Lm Nmcmim, =:>3) L`rjv, O`ssz1 @l kfjk e` fji`mvum) Q=:2=X Cmssml èjuks`v, fkl) Cs`t` cjcljk( u`fm e` s`vwp`vumv & >7, Cmsf`lkim, =:26)

=3>

Lm bpsm e`l hísujs? `skujvhk, `~njcjfjöi z vjlìfjk Mlòmiesm Eèm _`wèm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

Hísujs z sèìfjöi vpwkiì lm jivumlmfjöi ì pim vklje` hksml }p` zk ik wkv`k, z }p`, wks kusm wmsu`, umhwkfk wpèk mf`wums) Emtje I`csèm

=) @i `l ws`vìu` ìvmzk }pjvj`sm eùì`sh` ì m}p`llk m lk }p` fkidèk lm t`seme`sm `~jvuìfjm e`l fp`swk, `l eklks }p` lk mipifjm z lm fmsi` e`vwsì( ejem }p` lk e`t`lm) Fkivje`smiek `l fp`swk hísujs }p`, e` ìus` `l vmfsjfjk z lm jihklmfjöi, mwms`f` fkhk lm `~w`sjìfjm hív `~us`hm z i`f`vmsjm wmsm nmclms e` lk }p` e`l fp`swk ik v` s`fkikf`, vp ws`vìfjm ì umiuk jihmiì( fjm e`ve` vp wskwjm hmu`sjmljeme) E`fèm Cmumjll`? “Lk }p` `l mfuk e` mhks z vmfsjfjk s`t`lmi `v lm fmsi`‘=) Z vj cjì ì `l fsjvujmijvhk jeìujfmhkv `vum bpsm z `v ì `vum fmsi` vmfsjfmem ekie` v` s`flmhm lm d` z v` vmi( ujfm `l fp`swk, nmclmhkv, vkcs` ukek, e` pim fmwmfjeme e` mcmiekims lm hmu`sjmljeme e`l hjvhk fkhk cÿv}pèm e` usmvfìeìfjm, `v lm hp`su` z lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e` êvu` lk }p` kuksbm umi dmvfjimiu` fkivmbsmfjöi) Vji `h( cmsbk, fkivje`sk }p`, eìusk e` `vu` fkiu`~uk, ml iml `l fp`swk ì mbkièm ik nm vjek s`flmhmek z v` nm kds`fjek wmsm pi u`vujhkijk ejvp`luk) @l hísujs }p` v` nm ìus`bmek ml e`vhìpmhjìuk e` vp fp`swk nm fplhjimek ì lm e`vbsmfjm e` tèfujhm eòmiek s`bjvuskv e` pim hp`su` vpcljhmem) E` mnè, lm wsùìvjöi e` sùkhms m}pè, wks pi lmek, `l uêshjik e` hms( uzs e`ve` vp i`pusmljeme ùjhklöbjfm, `v e`fjs, êvu` ì umiuk u`vujbk) Wks kusk lmek, lm s`l`tmifjm e` lm jihklmfjöi e` lkv fp`swkv ì `l hjvhk, wp`v fpmiek Cmumjll` mipifjm lm ws`vìfjm e` lm fmsi` wks `l vmfsjfjk mipifjm lm jihmiìfjm e` lkv fp`swkv) @i `vu` vìujek wìv`hkv ì `l hísujs e`ve` lk }p` êvu` `~w`sjhìum, lm ws`vìfjm e`l vmfsjfjk z `l mbpek llmhmek e` lkv dsmbhìukv e` vp fp`swk wmsm ìuìe`s e`vwpêv }p`, `l hísujs, v` `~wki` vkcs` ukek fkhk u`vujbk e`l fp`swk hív }p` fkhk jiu`sf`vks e` pim d` fkhÿi) @l hísujs, ì ukek vp vìujek e` u`vujbk, bkm ì vp mbkièm emiek u`vujhkijk e`l fp`swk ì ukuml }pjùpe, muìuk m lmv vìvmfjki`v }p` s`t`lm lm fmsi` v` eòm ml ê~umvjv `söujfk e` lm `~w`sjìfjm hív jiuìvm tjtjem wks `l fp`swk) @l vmfsjfjk m}pè `v pi mfuk }p` uìesí }p` t`s hív fki lm tklpiume =

B`ksb`v Cmumjll`, @l `skujvhk, Hê~jfk, Upv}pùv, 3770, w):2

=3:

Lm bpsm e`l hísujs?

z `l`ffjöi e`l vpoùk e` ems u`vujhkijk e` `vukv fp`swkv ìus`bmekv m lm n`sjem, ml eklks, m lm ìd`shème, m lm jid`ffjöi) Êvu` ì vp vjlìfjk bpmsem lm ejtjijeme e`l fp`swk fkhk lk }p` e`cj`sm v`s, `v e`fjs, lm tjklìfjm nmfjm lkv fp`swkv fkhk `tkfmfjöi e`l bkf`) Wp`v }pjì bkm, `v ì lm fmsi` ì umiuk `~f`vk e`l fp`swk) @v ì `vukv `~f`vkv ekie` v` s`t`lm lm ljc`sume e`l fp`swk, ekie` v` `~w`sjhìum `l v`s, `vukv `~f`vkv }p` vkcs`wmvmi lkv ljhju`v z ekie` lm tklpiume z lm fkivfjìfjm v` nmi w`sejek) @l bkf` `v `l vjlìfjk, fkhk `l hísujs }p` ì vjlìfjk kcv`stm z }p` völk `vuk l` wkvjcjljum kcv`stms, `~w`sjhìums, v`s jihmiìu`) Lk }p` n`hkv ws`vìfjmek ì `v( ukv mfukv fmvj w`sdkshíujfkv e` usmivbs`vjki`v ml fp`swk ik vki hív }p` pim fkitplvjöi `söujfm e` lkv hjvhkv, êvum m lm }p` v` nm s`d`sjek Cmumjll` ml nmclms, e`ve` `l `skujvhk e` lkv fp`swkv e` lkv mhmiu`v, êvum }p`? .․* ljc`sm pikv ösbmikv wlùösjfkv fpzkv op`bkv v` s`mljmi m fj`bmv, hív mllí e` lm tklpiume s``~jtm e` lkv mhmiu`v) M `vm tklpiume s``~jtm lm vpfèì lkv hktjhjìukv mijhml`v e` `vkv ösbmikv njifnmekv e` vmibs`) Pim tjklìfjm, }p` lm sm( öi eòm e` fkiusklms, mijhm m `vkv ösbmikv, lkv nmf` uìe`s ml `vumlljek z vÿcjumhìu` `vumllm lm ml`bsèm e` lkv fksmki`v ml eòmsv` ll`tms wks `l s`cmvmhjìuk e` `vm ukshìum 3) Fkhk `l hísujs }p` ì lm tjklìfjm e` vp fmsi` vpds` lm ml`bsèm e` vp u`vujhkijk z }p` ì lm f`bp`sm fmvj jiuìfjkimem e` vp fp`swk ìus`bmek ml eklks l` nm w`shjujek m vpv ösbmikv fplhjims ì `vumlljekv }p` e`tjìì e` lm fkiuìfjöi e`l pok e` vp vmibs` wks `l hmsujsjk wskwksfjkimek) @vukv fp`swkv }p` `zmfplmi fki tjklìfjm, s`wkvmi fkhk fpml}pj`s fp`swk }p` v` nm e`ssmhmek wks `l kusk) Mvè, e`ve` lmv hív c`llmv `vfìmv e` eklks z hmsujsjk vkhkv u`vujbkv e` lmv t`seme`v e`l fp`swk) Fp`swkv jihklmekv, njifnmekv, e`vbmssmekv, hpujlmekv, vjlìfjkvkv, jihötjl`v, wkv`èks`v e` skvuskv e`vìfmomekv ` jie`ijekv wks lm wmlje` z mcsphmhjìuk) Skvuskv w`sejekv z dsmbhìumekv e` lm dkshm hív w`st`svm ikv jifjumi m fkiu`h( wlmslkv, hjsmemv e`vkscjumemv, ì mlbpikv fmvkv wìùsmiu`v, lmcjkv ìus`( mcj`sukv }p` mwìmv u`vujfmi ì vpvpsskv `l `vumek e` ê~umvjv }p` ikv v`wmsm e` `llkv) Fp`swkv jiukfmcl`v v` ìus`bmi m vp `~njcjfjöi, z ì `llkv `~w`sjhìum( hkv lk jiusmepfjcl`, wp`v lm `~w`sjhìumfjöi e`tìesí e` lm hp`vusm, e` lk }p` v` `~njc`, e` lk }p` v` e`vwlj`bm) Lm `~w`sjhìumfjöi v` ukhm e` lk `~wlèfjuk e` lm ws`vìfjm) V`bÿi Msumpe, nmcsèm }p` mf`sfmsikv m lk }p` lk wkvjcjljum, lm `vfìm, mlòíiekikv e` lm jibìpjeme e`l ejílkbk) @l eklks 3

Jcèe`h, w):>)

=67

`skujvhk, `~njcjfjöi z vjlìfjk

z `l fp`swk fkhk `~w`sjìfjm ik v` s`lmfjkimi fki `l ejílkbk, fki lm wmlm( csm k `l u`~uk, wp`v êvukv vki ske`kv) @i ukek fmvk, ikv mf`sfmhkv m `vmv `~w`sjìfjmv ì uk}p`v mbs`vjtkv m lkv vìujekv e`l vpoùk, `vmv mbs`vjki`v }p` lk eòmi ì `l hjvhk `vumek e` jieù`shjimfjöi, w`sk ì `l vìujek e` pim jhwkvjcl` usmepffjöi e` lm `~w`sjìfjm) Wìv`hkv ìukif`v `l `vfìm( sjk fkhk `v` `vwmfjk ejvwp`vuk m lm hmu`sjmljmfjöi) Nmz pim ljc`sume ì `l lìbpmo` e` lm `vfìm, nmz s`vwp`vum m lmv `~jbìfjmv }p` ik v` wpèì hm( ijd`vums ì lm wmlmcsm, lm `vfìm fkhk `vwmfjk e` hmijd`vumfjöi `v pi lì( bpmo` `vw`fèfk) Msskom e`l fp`swk ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi hív }p` lm wmlmcsm) @vfpw` ejs`fumhìu` m }pjì fkiu`hwlm lm `vfìm m}p`llk }p` uìesí }p` t`s hív fki lm `~w`sjìfjm e` lk }p` v` nm e`fjejek fkiu`hwlms) @vfpw`, ik ì `l vìujek e` e`v`fnk, vjik fkhk uk}p`v bsku`vfkv z tjklìukv ml `vw`f( umeks .`l vìujek e` lm fsp`leme*, v` msskom m lm vpw`sfj` e`l `vfìmsjk lk }p` e`l fp`swk v` }pj`s` hkvusms, m hmi`sm e` `~uìvjöi, v` ws`vum `vm vmlj( em ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi }p` ik u`shjim e` eòms ml fp`swk) Vmljemv e` kuskv fp`swkv fki `l i e` ukfms lkv vìujekv e` }pjì`v lkv fkiu`hwlmi z }p` wkvu`sjkshìu` s`bs`vmsíi m êl wmsm v`s s`ws`vìumekv e` ip`tk) @v` lì( bpmo` `vw`fèfk e` lm hmu`sjmljeme, s`d`sjem, kctjmhìu`, ml lìbpmo` dèvjfk e`l }p` v` ukhm lm `vfìjfmfjöi, `v, ejf` Msumpe, “Q․X ukek fpmiuk kfpwm lm `vfìm, ukek fpmiuk wpè` hmijd`vumsv` z `~ws`vmsv` hmu`sjmlhìu` ì pim `vfìm, z }p` v` ksjìum wsjh`sk m lkv vìujekv ì t` e` ksjìumsv` wsjh`sk ml `vwèsjup, fkhk `l lìbpmo` e` lm wmlmcsm‘ 6 ) @vuk `v `l `vfìmsjk fkhk `vwmfjk e`vwl`bmek, `vwmfjk i`pusk, tjsbjiml, }p` v` e`vhkium ukek `l uj`hwk wmsm jiuskepfjs ì êl vj`hws` ip`tkv vmc`s`v) Vmc`s`v usmèekv e` lm ìfmsimfjöi, fkifè`s fkswksmljeme `v lk }p` `l `vfìmsjk wskwksfjkim) @ifmsimsv` ì `l `d`fuk e` pim mffjöi e` pijöi ìus` `l `vwèsjup e`l vpoùk fki `l vmc`s met`sujek e` lk }p` v` fkiu`hwlm) Mvè, nmcsí }p` cpvfms wsjh`sk ukem kwfjöi e` ejvumifjmhjìuk ìus` lm `vfìm z `l vpoùk, ekie` êl wpèm eùmllms, s`fkss`slm, `vuk `v ì `l vìujek e` pim cÿv}pèm e` fkiepffjöi m lm jiu`sjksjeme) Wmsm eùmllms, `v i`f`vm( sjm lm `~wkvjfjöi, `~wki`s, `~uìe`s lkv fp`swkv wsùìejìek wmvms wks f`sfmikv, nmf`s fs``s ml vpoùk }p` fmvj lk ukfm) @~wki`s, vjupms lm `vfìm z lk s`ws`vìumek mflmsmiek lm ejvwkvjfjöi e` lm hjvhm ml vpoùk }p` kcv`s( tm) Êvum, lm `vfìm, uìesí }p` v`s `vusjfum, wp`v `l t`seme`sk u`musk e` lm fsp`leme, `v `l }p` fklhm z v` jhwki` vjlìfjkvmhìu` ml `vw`fumeks, wp`v ì lm fsp`leme e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi nmz vpujl`m, nmz vjlìfjkv }p` s`vpìmi wks lm fkiu`hwlmfjöi, `v `l usmcmok wpsk e` lm `~njcjfjöi) @l }p` v` `~njc` lk nmf` ì vjlìfjk, }pjùk fkhk fpml}pj`s hkiumo`, lm msujfplmfjöi e` pi ukek 6

Miukiji Msumpe, @l u`musk z vp ekcl`, Hê~jfk, E`cklvjllk, 3774 w) 57

=6=


}p` v` kcv`stm }pjùk) Lm `~njcjfjöi, vkcsùkek, `v pi usmcmok e` wkv`, }p` v` ukfm z m lm t` ik, e` mnè lm fkivuspffjöi e` `vum mffjöi w`sdkshíujfm e`l hísujs) Pi mfuk }p` fkivjvu` ì fs`ms `vfìmv jimlfmimcl`v, fmvj u`hj( cl`v, }p` `~jbì mlòmsv` wmsm v`s fkiu`hwlmemv, wp`v `l mf`sfmhjìuk z `l uk}p` jihèjmuk `v pim `ljhjimfjöi e` lm `~w`sjìfjm) @l vpoùk ik e`c` ìus`bms fsèjcjljeme jihèjmum m lm jhmbì, lm d` e` lm jhmbì tjì` e` lk }p` `l vpoùk `~w`sjhìumsí e`vwpêv, ejf` Imifz }p` “Lm fs`ìfjm `vw`sm lk `vw`fumfplms z v` lk jitìum vj `v ws`fjvk) Lm d` fkivjvu` ì t`s z kès vji ukfms‘5) Pi mf`sfmhjìuk jihèjmuk `v pi ìbmýk, pim e`vfkhwkvjfjöi e` lm `vfìm, vp `fmfjm `vuí ì vp s`mljmfjöi ì umiuk `vfìm, ik ì lm jih`( ejmu` e` pim l`fupsm) Êvum `v pim jhwkvjfjöi }p` ik wsùìe` ejmlkbms, lm `vfìm vki fmiujeme`v, vmc`s`v e`vhèjekv }p` v` kuksbmi, lk e`vhèjek `v lm `~njcjfjöi wpsm, vki ukekv lkv s`lmukv msujfplmekv }p` wsùìeì ukfms ml vpoùk, ik nmz f`su`m ij flmsjeme) Fpmiek Imifz v` s``s` m lm `vfìm e` lm s`vpss`ffjöi, ikv ejsí }p` “@ius` lmv `vfìmv ‖dp`sm e`l u`~uk( e` lm s`vpss`ffjöi z lmv `vfìmv e`l ìfpìusk fki `l s`vpfjumek, nmz ukem lm ej( d`sìfjm }p` v`wmsm m pim jhmbjimfjöi }p` h`flm smvbkv e` lk vjhcöljfk, lm ml`bksèm z `l hjvujfjvhk, vkljfjumiek vp s`ws`vìumfjöi, z pi s`lmuk }p` jitjum m fkhwsìe`s lk }p` ijibpim s`ws`vìumfjöi vkvujì` .․*‘ 0) E` mnè lm jhwksumifjm e`l ejvumifjmhjìuk, lkv fp`swkv `vuíujfkv ì vp wkv` `~( njcjêiekv` m eùmll` dsìu` ml `vw`fumeks s`fkseíiekl` lm ejvumifjm ik ì umiuk vpb`sìfjm, vjik fkhk `~jbìfjm1 vpujl ` jivjvuìu`hìu` l` s`wju` lm jhwksumifjm e` vp lòmièm) Mvè, mwms`fì lmv t`seme`v e` lkv fp`swkv jihk( lmekv, fspfjfmekv z vmiujfmekv e` lmv jhíbì`v s`ljbjkvmv ì lm wp`vum ì `vfìm, vpv vmc`s`v) Mwmsjfjöi }p` e`tjì` e` lm mpvìfjm ì lm s`ws`vì( umfjöi, `~njcjfjöi ik `tjeìu` e`l fp`swk, u`vujhkijk e` pim fkswksmljeme ekljìu` e`vfmsbmem ì lm `~w`sjhìumfjöi e` lm jhmbì, d` }p` v` kuksbm m wkvu`sjksj) E` mnè lm s`l`tmifjm e` lm `~njcjfjöi wmsm nmclms e` lm `vf`( im, vp ws`ok `~, “dp`sm‘ k “hív mllí‘ , `~uìe`sv` dp`sm e` lkv `vwmfjkv z uj`hwkv) @vukv vki lkv föejbkv u`musml`v, lìbpmo` }p` usmcmom m wmsujs e` lmv mpvìfjmv u`~upml`v, `~uìvjki`v e` fp`swkv wkvmekv z e`vwl`bmekv, s`ws`vìumfjöi wpsm) Lk `~njcjek ìukif`v `v w`sfjcjek wks lm fkiu`hwlm( fjöi `d`fupmem wks `l vpoùk) @vkv e`vwlj`bp`v, `vmv wkv`v `vuíujfmv }p` wks hkhìukv fmhcjmi, vki `~usmffjki`v e` lkv fkhwkiìu`v e`l fp`swk) Lm s`ws`vìumfjöi ì `vu` vìujek ik e`c`sí wìvmsv` fkhk pim jhjumfjöi, lm s`ws`vìumfjöi (fkhk lm ìujìek ì `l l`bpmo` u`musml uìesí }p` t`s, vkcsùkek, fki lm wkvjcjljeme e` jiuìvjeme`v e` e`vwlj`bp` e` lkv fp`s( O`mi(Lpf Imifz, Iklj h` umib`s`) @ivmzk vkcs` `l l`tmiumhjìuk e`l fp`swk, Hmesje, Hjijhm Uskuum, 3774, w) 57) 5

0

Jcèe)

=63


wkv, e`vwlj`bp` ìuìejek fkhk e`hkvusmfjöi) Lm `~uìvjöi fkhk lèi`m e` fkiujipjeme, fkhk `l fp`swk hísujs vkvuìjìek lm wkvupsm ekljìu` e` vp fp`swk }p` v` `~ujìe` ì pim hjsmem jie`ijem, `vuk `v `l lìbpmo` fs`mek wmsm lk vìujekv ml }p` v` nm s`d`sjek Msumpe, ik nmz msujfplmfjöi vj nmz e`vwsìejhjìuk, vj v` eòm `l fp`swk wkvusmek z mcmiekimek ì lm `vfìm) Wmsm }p` `vu` lìbpmo` mum}p` m lkv vìujekv z lkv vmujvdmbm, e`c` `~jvujs uml fkiujipjeme, `l bkf` e` lm `~w`sjìfjm e`l vpoùk e`wìe`sí e` lm hjvhm, wp`v nmz fki`~jki`v ìus` lkv t`seme`skv fp`swkv }p` s`ws`( vìumi vpv vmc`s`v z lkv eòmi m h`sfè e` }pjì lkv fkiu`hwlm, e` mnè lm `tjeìfjm e`l fp`swk)

3) @v m jijfjkv e` lkv iktìum fpmiek Ski Mun`z .Bskuki, Fkii`fujfpu, =:4=* fkhjìm pim v`sj` e` w`sdkshmif`v s`fkikfjekv fkhÿihìu` fkhk uks( ups` usjlkbz? Hmsuzsv $ Vmjiuv .=::=*, 5 vfì`v ji m Nmsvn Ljd` .=::5*, z E`ljt`( smif` .=::2*, ekie` `l msujvum `~wlksm e`ve` lk }p` êl hjvhk s``s` fkhk pim `~ws`vjöi `~us`hm e`l u`musk, pi ìdsìumhjìuk s`ml fki lm imupsml`( m e`l fp`swk z lm bsmi usmbèjm e`l vpdsjhjìuk, `l eklks, lm ìd`shème z lm hp`su`) Jipìfjmek wks lmv wsífujfmv s`ljbjkvmv wìu`fkvuml`v z ejt`svmv wjiupsmv s`ljbjkvmv, Mun`z wskwki` lk }p` fkivje`smsí pim fkiujipmfjöi e`l msu` s`ljbjkvk ì fpmiuk m lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l fp`swk vpdsjìu`) Vj cjì ì Kffjeìu` wke`hkv s`fkikf`s }p` lmv jhíbì`v s`ljbjkvmv vki e`wövjukv e` meksmfjöi z d`, `l msujvum em u`vujhkijk e`ve` vp wskwjk fp`swk z e`ve` êvumv, e` lm ìd`shème z `l wlmf`s e`l hmsujsjk) @v mvè fkhk ikv ìdsìum( hkv ì 5 vfì`v ji m Nmsvn Ljd` m lm i`pusmljeme e`l fp`swk miesöbjik mwsk( wjíiekv` e` lm `vfìm flívjfm e`l hmsujsjk e` Vmi V`cmvujíi) S`fkikf` Ski Mun`z ì `l vmiuk lm `skujmfjöi e` pi fp`swk hmvfpljik }p` v` ìus`bm m lkv wlmf`s`v e`vhèjekv e` lm fmsi` wks `l eklks, ekie` t`hkv pi fp`swk ejvwp`vuk m lm jiu`sspwfjöi e` vpv uòjekv wks `fnmv }p` lk w`sdksmi) Mvè, sùkhm lm jhmbì nkhk`söujfm4 e`l vmiuk ml jiu`sjks e` ejfnk w`sdkshmif`, ekie` t`hkv m `vu` v`s miesöbjik fki `fnmv }p` l` w`sdksmi lkv csmkv z fkvumekv e`l fp`swk, vmibsmiek m fmpvm e` pim fkskim n`fnm fki mbp ( omv njwkeêshjfmv z vjìek pibjek wks `l “öl`k vmiuk‘) E` `vum dkshm, Ski Mun`z s`fpw`sm lm `vw`fumfplmsjeme e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e` `vukv fp`swkv `~njcjekv }p` s`wkvmi ì `l wlmf`s e` vp eklks) Wks kusk lmek, vp usmcmok 4

Fkif`wuk s`d`sjek m lm jhmbì e`l vmiuk wks `l msujvum

=66


ejvujibp` e` lm `vfìm fmuöljfm lm blksjfmfjöi e` lm hpo`s vpdsjìu`, ekie` t`s`hkv, ì ejd`sìu`v s`ws`vìumfjki`v, hpo`s`v }p` vki hmsujsjmemv fki ukek ujwk e` mclmfjki`v z mtplvjki`v w`shmi`fjìek jiejd`sìu`v m vp vpdsjhjìuk wks}p` êvu` lmv ejbijfm) Eòmiek mvè `l hmsujsjk ì `l u`ssìk e` lk hmvfpljik fkhk pim wmsíljvjv esmhíujfm e` lkv fp`swkv, wp`v ws`vì( fjmhkv ml nkhcs` ì lmv hív e`vbmssmeksmv s`ws`vìumfjki`v e`vdmll`fjek ì lkv csmkv e` lmv hpo`s`v }p` e`ljc`smemhìu` lk mvjvuì, s`fpw`smiek mvè lm `~w`sjìfjm e` lm ìd`shème z `l eklks fkhk pim fkitplvjöi e`v( hèjem) E` `vum dkshm, `l msujvum ikv ws`vìum lm vmiujfmfjöi e`l fp`swk wpus`dmfuk, n`sjek z ìd`shk) Vjìek TJN wkvjujtk, Ski Mun`z s`fpss` m lm `~wkvjfjöi e` vp vmibs` jid`fumem fkhk ìdsìumhjìuk m lm ìd`shème z lm hp`su`) @i kusm e` lmv `vfìmv e`l hjvhk w`sdkshmif`, t`s`hkv wks wmsu` e`l msujvum lm wskepffjöi e` jhws`vjki`v ì wmw`l e` lkv fksu`v }p` êl hjvhk nmf` m lm `vwmlem e` mlbpik e` vpv fklmcksmeks`v, u`vujhkijkv e`l fp`swk }p` fkssì vpvwìejekv wks lm mpejìfjm) Mcsjìek lm wj`l ikv eùjì` dsì( u` m lm s`mljeme e`l fp`swk, wp`v êl hjvhk `v eklks, vpdsjhjìuk, ìd`sh`( eme, jhwps`m, jid`ffjöi z hp`su`) E`fèm Opljm Asjvu`tm, “Q․X lm wj`l, dsíbjl fkiujiìu`, zm ik bmsmiujmsí lm jiu`bsjeme e` lk „wskwjk‚, vjik }p`, lmvujhm( em k usmivwmsìu`, jitjvjcl` k uìvm, fè`sí miu` lm e`z`ffjöi e`l fkiuìj( ek) Ksjim, vmibs`, `vw`shm, `~fs`hìuk, tjìì ìukif`v m mv`bpsms m pi vpoùk ì dmlum e` lk }p` l` `v „wskwjk‚‘)2 Mvè, s`fjcjhkv ì `vukv fp`swkv, mwmsìu`hìu` moìkv, `l u`vujhkijk e`l wskwjk) Djimlhìu`, e`ve` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l vpjfjejk, Ski Mun`z jiuskepf` ml hìkv =4 mbpomv njwkeêshjfmv ì vp csmk z dsìu` s`fksemiek vp tjem fkhk opiaj` epsmiu` vjù` mýkv, ì hèjk e` pim `vfìm e` e`vmlkokv tjk( lìukv e` lmv mbpomv }p` e`vumwmi cksckuki`v e` vmibs`, z fplhjim ì lm “hp`su` z s`vpss`ffjöi‘ e`l msujvum, ikv mflmsm lm jhwksumifjm e` w`shmi`( f`s ì `l fp`swk, wp`v wìv`hkv ì `vu` vpjfjejk msumpejmik }p` sìpifjm ik m lm tjem vj ik ml v`s, m lm ksbmijfjeme) Êl hjvhk s`lmumcm ml jiu`sjks e` lm `vfìm `l `vumek vpvwìejek }p` lk mlòmcm e` lk nphmik eìusk e` vp fp`swk eskbmek) Nmclmcm E`l`p` e` fpmusk fp`swkv, ì `l fkiu`~uk e` lm wskepffjöi e` pi fp`swk vji ösbmikv? `l fp`swk hmvk}pjvum, `l fp`swk `v}pjkdsêijfk, `l fp`swk eskbmek z `l fp`swk njvuêsjfk) E`fèm e`l fp`swk eskbmek }p` êvu`, ì vp hkek e` fp`swk vji ösbmikv, jhwkvjcjljum ml vpoùk nmvum e` jiz`fumsv` vp wskwjk wskepfuk, vjupíieklk, ì dpifjöi e` pi pok e` jiuìvjeme z e`ve` vpv mlpfjimfjki`v, ì `l wpiuk e` s`vumcl`f`s “pi zk vjìuk hív wskdpiek }p` `l e`ljsjk, pi zk vjìuk hív wskdpiek }p` lm 2

Opljm Asjvu`tm, Wke`s`v e` lm w`st`svjöi, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J, 3775, w) 25

=65


mlpfjimfjöi‘> `vu` “zk vjìuk hív wskdpiek‘ `v ws`vìfjms `l fp`swk, e` mnè lm w`shmiìfjm e`l msujvum ì umiuk u`vujbk e` vp fkswksmljeme) Mvè, ml jiu`sjks e` `vwmfjkv clmifkv }p` s`fs`mi lm mv`wvjm flèijfm Dsmiak C .Hjlíi, Jumljm, =:47*, e`ve` lm s`t`vujem e`vipe` e` vp fp`swk v` `~wkièm m pi tmfjmhjìuk `~us`hk }p` lk ljhjumcm m lm s`mljmfjöi e` ik hív e` fpm( usk t`f`v ml mýk e`l mfuk) @l msujvum `~ujìe` vp fp`swk ml esìmslk, lk e`v ( wlj`bm, lk jhwsjh` vkcs` vkwksu`v clmifkv }p` fkiusmvumi fki `l skok e` vp vmibs`, s`mwmsjfjöi pi fp`swk v` nm `l fmhpmo` e` lkv clmifkv }p` lke`vkwksumi, êl }p` `v völk `vì`pusmljmek e`ssmh` }p`fki v` }pèm) Mcs` vp wj`l wmsm eòmslk vmljs e` lm pijdkshjeme e` lm fmsi` vph`sbjem ì lm hmvm e` fp`swkv }p` jiuìumi e`ijs vp dkshm z }p` m lm t` lkv npie` hív ì lm mibpvujm e` v`s fp`swk) Mvè, ìsms`fjêiekv`, nmfjêiekv` jidksh`v z mo`( ikv m vp s`mljeme, völk wke`hkv e`fjs wkcs`v fp`swkv) “@~usmýkv fp`swkv `~usmýkv, `~jhjekv e`l w`vk e` vp e`vipe` z mckfmekv m fkifìusmsv` ì vè hjvhkv, cmok vpv wj`l`v vmupsmemv e` vjbikv, nmvum lm sùsmffjöi e` ukekv lkv vìujekv ì pi vìujek jivìvjcl` z clmifk, fp`swkv ljc`smekv ì tjem, s`hmu`v e` pim lp wskwjm `zmfplmem‘ :) Nmz kuskv fp`swkv }p` ì vp e`ssmh` v` ljc`smi z v` e`vwkomi e` lm t`sbüìm e` v`s fp`swk, Dsmiak C, ì lm mw`supsm fkiusklmem e`l wskwjk z ì lm ws`kfpwmfjöi e` ws`v`stms lm csjllmiu`v e` vp vmibs` z lm np`llm e` vp fp`swk, v` s`vbpmsem) Wmsm hpfnkv, `l usmcmok e`l msujvum v`sí pim `vw`fj` e` ìfpìusk ì( us` lk mcz`fuk z lm fkiejfjöi e`l hísujs }p` e`ve` `l e`ssmhmhjìuk e` vp vmibs` `~w`sjhìum lm usmivpcvumifjmfjöi e` vp fp`swk fkhk pim `vw`fj` e` vmiujfmfjöi e` lm wskwjm fmsi`) Lm ejd`sìfjm m}pè, ìus` lm fkiejfjöi e` hísujs z `l u`vujhkijk e`l fp`swk wks `l fp`swk hísujs `v lm `vumifjm, wp`v êv` `v `l t`seme`sk fp`swk, `l }p` `vuí ws`vìu`, ik m}p`l }p` `v `~usmèek z msskomek e` lm `vfìm, vjik `l }p` w`shmi`f` ì `llm, wp`v m}p`l }p` `v msskomek, }p` `v `ljhjimek wks lm `~usmý`m e` vp hmu`sjmljeme, `v lm t`s( büìm z `v lm w`vu` e`l fmeít`s, `v lm mibpvujm }p` e`i` vp bp`ssm) Ejf` Imifz? .]p` ik v` ws`bpiu`, ì ukek fmvk, wks}p` `l fp`swk vpvfjum umiuk kejk)* .]p` ik v` ws`bpiu` wks }pê `v pim wmlmcsm md`fumem, `vus`( fnm, h`}pjim, ejvumiu`, e`ljfmem ‖w`sk umhcjêi s`wpbimi( u`, bsmvjìum, upscjm, kcvfìm, wksikvföwjfm)* Bjll`v E`l`p`, E`ssmh`v) @ius` `l fmwjumljvhk z lm `v}pjkdsìjm, Cpìkv Mjs`v, Fmfupv, 3770, w)=47 >

:

O`mi ‖Lpf Imifz, Fkswpv, Hmesje, Msìm, 3777, w) =7

=60


.V` ikv kfpss` }p`, m `vum wmlmcsm, völk v` lm vmltm fki c`llkv ejcpokv e` b`khùsèmv e` us`v k e` i ejhìvjki`v, fki `l`( bmiu`v m~kikhùsèmv? w`sk ìukif`v ukek kum vpvwìejek ì `l mjs`, z `l fp`swk e`c` ukfms uj`ssm)*=7 Wskfpsms, ik }p` v` `vfsjcm e`l fp`swk, mlòmslk e`l ejvfpsvk, eòms }p` êl hjvhk v` ws`vìu` hív mllí e` vp hmu`sjmljeme, ik vp dkshm, vp w`vk, ik vp fmsi` ì umiuk hmvm, wp`v fpmiek nmclmhkv e` pik nmclmhkv e`ve` vpv meìuskv, lk }p` lk e`iì }p` lk dkshm) @v e`ve` ip`vusm }p` ikv s`fkikf`hkv z lk`v, }p` ip`vuskv ikhcs`v, z mvè jiu`sjksjeme e`cj`sm v`s wmsm ikhcsms ml fp`swk) Lm hmu`sjmljeme e`vwkomem ì lm `vfìm e`l eklks `v `l vkhùjhjìuk e`l fp`swk m pim vmfsmljmfjöi `dèh`sm, `v lm usmvfìeìfjm e` pi ikhcs` z pi fkif`wuk) Vji `hcmsbk, lm cÿv}pèm e` lm w`shmiìfjm e`l fp`swk ì `l eklks `v lm mshmfjöi e` pi fp`swk jihmiìu`) @i lk }p` mumý` m pim vmfsmljmfjöi e`l fp`swk wks `l s`bjvusk e` lm e`vmwmsjfjöi vp( dsjìu` e` vp hmu`sjmljeme, nmcs`hkv e` `vfpfnms lk vjbpjìu`? “Lm jifkivjv( uìfjm e`l “hmu`sjml nphmik‘ Q․X l` fkitj`su` ì pim fj`sum dkshm ù`sim e` `vums ì `l hpiek, w`sk umhcjêi ì pi usjcpuk eklkskvk z nphjllmiu`‘ ==, s`vwp`vum e` Emtje I`csèm .Hmesje, =:03* epsmiu` pim ìus`tjvum ml v`s fp`vujkimek vkcs` vpv “Mpukssùsmukv‘ wskepfjekv ìus` =:>6 z =:::) Ejmb( ikvujfmek `v}pjkdsêijfk e`ve` lkv =: mýkv, Emtje I`csèm tjt` s`flpjek ì vp mwmsumhìuk pcjfmek ì lm fjpeme e` Hmesje) Vp dkukbsmdèm sùsmum pim fkswksmljeme `~mlumem wks lm ìd`shème) Sùsmukv e` pim wj`l usmiv( wmsìu` }p` eòm t`s lm sèpffjöi e` vpv ösbmikv z lm e`vjiu`bsmfjöi e` vpv hÿvfplkv) Fp`swk e`hmsfmek lm e`ljfme`mEmtje e` vpv np`vkv v` }p`s`fkikf` v` s`bk( fjom e` ml`bsèm ì hèjk e` vpvwks `~fs`fìfjmv) I`csèm ì lm e`bpvumfjöi e` vp wskwjk fp`swk z e`ve` vpv n`sjemv mpukjijbjemv v` mcs` m lm `~u`sjksjeme }p` e`i` umhcjêi vp fkswksmljeme) @i lm fspe`m e` vpv dkukbsmdèmv, v` sùsmum, wp`v lm lpfje` e` pi fp`swk }p` s`vwkie` m lkv e`ljsjkv e`l msujvum) Ml jiu`sjks e` pim ìus`tjvum n`fnm ml msujvum wks `l s`fkikfjek w`sjk( ejvum dsmifêv Tjsbji` Lpf vp usmcmok v` e`i` e`ve` pi fmsífu`s tjklìuk }p`, wkvjcl`hìu`, s`vwkiem m lm tjklìfjm e` pim vkfjème) Lm tjklìfjm, v`bÿi `l msujvum, “Q․X ik i`f`vjum `~wljfmfjöi k msbphìumfjöi, wp`v `v pi msbphìuk fplupsml ` jssìpifjmcl`) Q․X pim fkvm `v `l ejvfpsvk vkcs` lm tjklìfjm, kusm fkvm ejd`sìu` `v lm vmibs` k `l hjèk nphmik, z kusm fkvm ejd`sìu`, imlhìu`, `v ip`vusm wskwjm vmibs` z ip`vusk wskwjk hjèk) Lm Jcèe`h), w)== @ius`tjvum Tjsbji` Lpf ‖ Emtje I`csèm ì Emtje I`csèm) Mpuksùsmukv, @vwmým, @ejfjki`v

=7 ==

Pijt`svjeme Vmlmhmifm, 3773, ww) 3=(33

=64


tjklìfjm völk ujì` pi jiu`slkfpuks z pi mlphik) @v pim wsífujfm, pi ejvfps( vk, jihèjmumhìu` wsö~jhk‘=3) Nmz ì `l usmcmok e` mlbpikv msujvumv pim tjklìfjm mfksemem fki vp fp`swk) @i Emtje I`csèm, `vu` mfp`sek v` `~( ws`vm ì lm tjumljeme e` vp fmsi`, nmz ì êl pim s`tjtjfmfjöi e` lm fmsi` }p` wmsm Msumpe lk `sm ukek, “ Q․X m}p`llk }p` ì lkv nkhcs`v ik `v hív }p` `l hèjk e` v`s pi Nkhcs`, ì hè `v ukem lm Smöi‘ =6) Lm tjklìfjm fkhk lm ìuìe`hkv, ì umiuk wsífujfm z ejvfpsvk, ik wmsujfjwm ì `l usmcmok e`l msujvum wp`vuk }p` ik l` fkifj`si`) Wìvmcm E`l`p` ì `l `v}pjkdsêijfk e`ve` lm jhwspeìfjm e` vp s`fkiepffjöi nmfjm wskcl`hmv }p` ik vki lkv vpzkv, êl `vuí ì kusm wmsu`, e`fèm E`l`p`) =5 Wks kusk lmek, vpv dkukbsmdèmv ik nmi eòmek e` v`s tjvumv fkhk “msu` `v}pjkdsêijfk‘, fkhk vj e` pim fkid`vjöi vkcs` vp fp`swk ìd`shk v` usm( umsíi) Hív }p` fkid`vjki`v shmemv, `l msujvum e`vmwms`f` miu` hpfnkv ì jhíbì`v opvujfmemv wks pim tjklìfjm wskfèìu` e` lm `v}pjkdsìjm, w`sk hív tjklìum ml vpoùk lm fmu`bksèm) Tjklìfjm e` pi fp`swk ìd`shk }p` v` mpukssùsmum, }p` v` e`vtmi`f` ìus` vp vmibs` z vp hmu`sjml ksbíij( fk) Mpukssùsmukv e` pi fp`swk ì `l lèhju` fki lm hp`su` =0, ejf` Tjsbji` Lpf) E`vwkomiek e` ukem mpuksjeme vkcs` vp fp`swk ml msujvum, fp`swk ljhjumek, e`vtmi`fjek wks pim hjsmem ik fkid`vmem e` vp ìd`shème) Vjìek vp ìd`shème ip`vusm fpsm z `l fkidksu e` pim hjsmem ml lèhju` fki `l fp`swk) Wmsm `l w`sjkejvum, I`csèm dkukbsmdèm vp e`vmwmsjfjöi khjujìek }p` vp fkswksmljeme s`mwms`f` hmujmem ìus` lmv vícmimv, lkv s`lj`t`v e` vp fp`s( wk z lm csjllmiu` e` vp vmibs`) Hív }p` pi e`vwkok e` mpuksjeme, `l msujvum s`flmhm e`vwkok fmsìfjmv) e` s`vwkivmcjljeme vkcs` vè hjvhk, vj vp hìu` `vfjiejempi wskepo`sm Z e` mnè `vum i`fème wks fkhk pim s`fkiepffjöi z lm jivjvuìfjm e` usmepfjs `vumv fmsìfjmv m pi lìbpmo` }p` `vu` fp`swk ik fkikf`) “ T)L)( »@v pim s`vwp`vum m lm tjklìfjm e` ip`vusm vkfjème;, »E` eöie` tjì`;‘, “ T)L)( V` fkivje`sm Te) @l hísujs e` vp wskwjm kcsm;‘, “T)L)( »]pê `v hív jhwksumiu` wmsm Te); »Lm “n`sjem‘ ì vè hjvhm k lm s`ws`vìum( fjöi dkukbsífm e` lm n`sjem; E)I)( Ij pim ij kusm) Ik vkz pi hmvk}pjvum ij pi dkuöbsmdk e` n`sjemv‘=4 ) Lkv e`ljsjkv hmu`sjmljmekv e`l msujvum ì vpv dkukbsmdèmv ik wsktjìì e` wsjtmfjki`v k e` dmlumv, ik `v pi vpoùk }p` v` dsmbhìum fkhk s`vwp`vum Jcèe) Miukiji Msumpe, Msumpe) @l msu` z lm hp`su`+ kuskv `vfsjukv, Msbìujim, Fmom I`bsm, 3770, w)>3 Fds) Bjll`v E`l`p`, Ekv s`bèhì`v e` lkfkv) U`~ukv z ìus`tjvumv .=:20( =::0*, @vwmým, Ws`( u`~ukv, 3776, w) 52 =0Tjsbji` Lpf, Kw) Fju), w)3= =4Jcèe`h), w)33 =3 =6 =5

=62


m pim l`z, m pim vkfjème) Wsktjìì e` pim fkswksmljeme ejtjejem, fp`swk }p` v` `~w`sjhìum z v` s`t`lm e`ve` pim s`mljeme dsmbhìumem) @i lk }p` `l msujvum `vuí `v ì pi `vumek e` jiujhjeme fki vp fkswksmljeme) Vp e`ljsjk `v vkcs` vp fp`swk, vkcs` ukemv z fmem pim e` lmv s`bjki`v e` vp fp`swk) Vpv jhíbì`v vki fmsukbsmdèmv e` pim ìd`shème, e`vhìpmhjìuk e` pi fp`swk }p` v` s`wmsu`, }p` v` uskm ì lmv jhíbì`v) Emtje I`csèm ikv lk ws`vìum dsmbhìuk m dsmbhìuk ì vpv dkukbsmdèmv, ukemv `llmv vki vp fp`swk) S`bjki`v e` jiuìvjeme ì vp FvK ìhmsfmemv, fmc`llk ujsmiu`, skvusk ckssmek, eèkv vmibsmiu`v, kfnk v`vjki`v e` fksu` ì vp uksvk, im( tmomv, vp skvusk fpcj`suk e` `~fs`hìuk, u`lmv, pi mik }p` v` v`wmsm e`l fp`swk, u`~ukv e` vmibs`) Wks }pê nmclms e` pim jiu`ljbìfjm `vfjiejem, wks }pê lm i`bmujtjeme miu` `vu` fp`swk }p` fkhk ijibÿi kusk v` ws`vìum z e` lm dkshm hív lÿfjem z tjtm v` ìdsìum fki lm s`mljeme e` v`s pi fp`swk) W`sk ik nmclk e` pim s`mljeme z pim jiujhjeme fki lm hmu`sjmljeme e` `v` fp`swk, wp`vuk }p` `tjeìu`hìu` lm nmz ì `l msujvum, wp`v v` s`fkikf` e`ve` lm lju`smljeme z lm jihèjmu` e` vp fp`swk) Hív mllí e` wpcljfjums pi fp`swk jivfsjuk, e` hkvusmslk) @v `vum s`mljeme }p` mwms`f` epsmiu` pi wsk( f`vk1 wskf`vk }p` ws`vfjie` e` fpml}pj`s u`vujbk dèvjfk k hìuml, fkhìum `l msujvum) Fpmiek v` mcvusm` e` `vum i`f`vjeme ikshmujtm lk kusk, ukek, ik `v wskcl`hm) @l eklks z `l e`ljsjk vki vklk pi wskf`vk, fpmiek v` nm ws`v( fjiejek zm imem jifpc` z `v` fp`swk v` `~w`sjhìum hív mllí e`l e`ljsjk) I`csèm e`tjì` ì fp`swk, e`tjì` fmsi` ì jiuìvjeme) E`fèm E`l`p` }p` ikv mlòísmhkv e` lm i`bmujtjeme e` lm `v}pjkdsìjm, hív mllí e` usmums e` ìuìe`slm e`ve` lmv e`vuspffjki`v k lkv dmllkv }p` wskepf` ì lmv w`s( vkimv, e`c`sèm v`s ìuìejem fkhk pi wskf`vk) E` mnè, `l mw`bk m lm ikfjöi e` e`l fkif`wuk ì lm lkvkdèm e` Amsl Omvw`sv k cjì lm .miuj*wvj}pjmusèm e` Skiml E) Lmjib, “Q․X pim spwupsm, pim jsspwfjöi, pim cs`fnm }p` jiu`ssph( w` lm fkiujipjeme e` pim w`svkimljeme, jitklpfsíieklm ì pim `vw`fj` e` tjmo` nmfjm pi „wlpv e` s`mljeme‚ jiuìvk z u`ssjcl` }p` usmm lèi`mv e` dpbm }p` mssmvusmi m lm imupsml`m z m lm njvuksjm, ml ksbmijvhk z ml `vwèsjup‘) =2 @v` `v `l fp`swk e`l msujvum, pi vpoùk ì fkivumiu` fmhjik ml wlpv e` s`mljeme) Lk }p` ej`s` vp fp`swk ì kuskv `v lm ejvfjwljim mpukjhwp`vum wks `l fp`swk) Êvum `v lm t`seme e`l fp`swk, fkswksmljeme `~fsùm, wpsbmem, }p` nmclm e`ve` `llm) Wmsm ems t`seme`sk u`vujhkijk e`l fp`swk) Êl hjvhk e`c`( sí `~wplvms vp s`lmuk, wp`v lm `vfsjupsm `v pim mffjöi ejtjejem e`l fp`swk) “Vkz Emtje I`csèm E` Ijfklív) @vfsjck fki hjv vmibs` lm ÿij( fm opvujfmfjöi hksml }p` mehju` hj vjlìfjk z }p` h` mfs`( ejum fkhk lm smöi e` lm mldm .․* Emtje I`csèm e` Ijfklív =2

Fjum e` Bjll`v E`lp`, w5:

=6>


imfjek ì Hmesje `l = e` Mbkvuk e` =:03 ‖Nkz Hmsu`v : e` kfupcs` e` =::7( Êl nmf` ukek lk i`f`vmsjkv wks vp tklpiume ì vjlìfjk .․*‘=> FP@SWK, `~fè` `l lìbpmo` z lm `vfsjupsm) Mvè, e`ve` vp wskwjm fkswksm( ljeme z, völk e`ve` êvum, e`flmsm `l wsjifjwjk z i e`l hjvhk, lm ÿijfm opvuj( fmfjöi hksml wmsm nmclms e`l fp`swk `v lk }p` ì vp `~w`sjìfjm mu`vujbpm) @v `l msujvum, m}pè, lm tklpiume e` vp fmsi` z m vpv `~jbìfjmv s`vwkie`) Lk }p`lmlmdkukbsmdèm fmsi` `~jb` `v `vu` fp`swk lm }pjùpe e` vp hmsujsjk)e` @vSki mvè, Mun`z fkhk ì e` I`csèm, umiukì fkhk ì lkv w`sdkshmif`v z Dsmiak C, wke`hkv u`vujhkijms lkv n`fnkv e` pim fkswksmljeme wskwjm }p` e`hp`vusm }p` êvum vklk e`wìe` e` lm wlùösjfm e`l fp`swk, wp`v völk ì vpv `~f`vkv mwms`f` lm mbijfjöi e`l vpoùk)

=>

Emtje I`csèm, Vji uèuplk, Mpukssùsmukv Opijk(Kfupcs` =::7)

=6:


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Msumpe, Miukiji, @l u`musk z vp ekcl`, Hê~jfk, E`cklvjllk, 3774) (((( Msumpe) @l msu` z lm hp`su`+ kuskv `vfsjukv, Msbìujim, Fmom I`bsm, 3770) Cmumjll`, B`ksb`v, @l `skujvhk, Hê~jfk, Upv}pùv, 3770) E`l`p`, Bjll`v, E`ssmh`v) @ius` `l fmwjumljvhk z lm `v}pjkdsìjm, Cpìkv Mjs`v, Fmfupv, 3770) (((( Ekv s`bèhì`v e` lkfkv) U`~ukv z ìus`tjvum .=:20( =::0*, @vwmým, Ws`( U`~ukv, 3776) Asjvu`tm, Opljm, Wke`s`v e` lm w`st`svjöi, Vjblk ^^J, Hê~jfk, 3775) IMIFZ, O`mi(Lpf, Iklj h` umib`s`) @ivmzk vkcs` `l l`tmiumhjìuk e`l fp`swk, Hmesje, Hjijhm Uskuum, 3774) (((( Fkswpv, Msìm, Hmesje, 3777) I`csèm, Emtje, Emtje I`csèm) Mpuksùsmukv, @vwmým, @ejfjki`v Pijt`s( vjeme Vmlmhmifm, 3773)

=57

Wksikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm? wksik(mwskwjmfjöi z fkiusmwksikbsmdèm ì `l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k/ Dmcjíi Bjhêi` Bmuuk Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

=) =

“W`lèfplmv wksikbsífmv vjie` lpopsjm‘ `v pik lkv ò`hwlkv (wsk( wp`vukv wks Vpvmi Vkiumb( mtjvumv lm nksm ìph`sms lkve` nù`söfljukv kcoùkv }p` fkidkshmi `l fmiki e` lk fmhw) @l fmhw v`sí, wmsm Vkiumb, pim vp`su` e` hjsmem jsöijfm, jss`t`sìu` z `vuùjmiu`, vkcs` lmv u`~upmljeme`v hív ji( dmh`v, msujfjkvmv, `~usmtmibmiu`v k e` hml bpvuk, }p` wplplmi ì ip`vusm ìusmýmcl` fplupsm tjvpml1 ì `vu` vìujek, lm vkvujfmem vìvjcjljeme fmhw ‖mvè fkhk lkv `d`fukv e` blmhkps }p` nmcjupmlhìu` lm mfkhwmými( uìesí hpfnk }p` t`s fki lm `h`sbìfjm e` lk }p` nkz fkikf`hkv fkhk wksik( fnjf) V`bÿi Csjmi HfImjs 3, vj cjì `l uêshjik vpsb` m jijfjkv e` lkv vùìum z dkshm wmsu` e`l lê~jfk e` lm êwkfm eksmem e`l wksik, ik e`c`sèmhkv sèp( fjs `l dìöhìk e`l wksik(fnjf, k lm w`sujiìfjm e`l uêshjik }p` lk ikhcsm, `~flpvjtmhìu` ml ê~juk fkh`sfjml e` w`lèfplmv fkhk E``w Unskmu, C`njie un` Bs`ì Ekks k Un` E`tjl ji Hjvv Oki`v) Hív mllí e` vp vìujek ksjbjimsjk z m wmsujs e` lm eêfmem e` lkv iktìum, lm `~ws`vjöi ikhcsmsí pim `vw`fj` e` fk}pù`k e` lm u`ksèm, `l msu` z lm fplupsm e` hmvmv fki lm jfkikbsmdèm z lmv fkitìfjki`v sùösjfmv e` lm wksikbsmdèm fkhk bêi`sk) E` mfp`sek ml wlmiu`mhjìuk bpmo` kcoùk? e` HfImjs, `vum hùmejvfpsvjtjeme ik fkjifje` fki vp lì( Wksik(fnjf ik `v wksik, vjik lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e` lk wksik ì `l msu` z lm fplupsm ik(wksikbsífm1 `l wmvujfn` z lm wmskejm e`, `l nkhìmo` z lm jit`vujbmfjöi e`l wksik1 lm usmivdkshmfjöi wkvhke`sim e`l wksik ì pi msu`dmfuk fplupsml hmjivus`mh wmsm pim tmsjème e` wskwövjukv, jiflpzìek wpcljfjeme, msu`, fkhèjm z èpfmfjöi)6 @vu` ìvmzk v` e`vwsìe` e` pi wms e` wskz`fukv e` jit`vujbmfjöi, “Wskvujuplkbèmv? `skujvhk, wks( ikbsmdèm z wkvwksikbsmdèm ì lm tjvpmljeme fkiu`hwksíi`m‘, `l fpml e`vmsskllk ì lm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk e`ve` kfupcs` e` 377> z, wks kusm wmsu`, `l wskz`fuk “S`ws`vìumfjki`v e`l wlmf`s, wlmf`s`v e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi) U`fiklkbèm, tkz`psjvhk z `vw`fusmljeme ì lm tjvpmljeme fkiu`hwksíi`m‘, m usmtêv e`l Wskbsmhm e` Mwkzk m lm Wskepffjöi ` Jit`vujbmfjöi ì Msu` z H`( ejkv 37=7, e`l Fìusk Hplujhèjm e`l Fìusk Imfjkiml e` lmv Msu`v) =Vpvmi Vkiumb, Mbmjivu Jiu`swsùmujki mi Kun`s @vvmzv, I`r Zksa, Wjfmeks, =::7, w) 32>) 3Têmv`, Csjmi HfImjs, Vusjwu`mv` fplups`,I`r Zksa, Skpulèb`, 37=7) /

6

“Wksik(fnjf jv iku wksi, unì, cpu un` s`ws`vìumujki kd wksi ji iki(wksikbsmwnjf msu mie fplups`1

=5=

Wksikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm?

E` `vum dkshm, v`sèm wkvjcl` ejvujibpjs ìus` lk wksikbsífk, uml fkhk vpsb` ì lm hke`sijeme ‖`v e`fjs, fkhk pi bêi`sk cjì e`ijek z fki pim ekfphìumem njvuksjm }p` v` s`hkium m lkv ksèbì`v e` lm dkukbsmdèm( z, wks kusm wmsu`, vpv s`ws`vìumfjki`v ik wksikbsífmv, ìfmsimfjki`v e` lm ejvfpsvjtjeme nmsefks` ì flmt` vkdu, msuz, fnjf, blmh, fmhw, mlu), jiej` k wpia ‖`vumv fmu`bksjmfjki`v ik wsùìeì v`s `~nmpvujtmv z e`c`sèmi mfkhwm( ýmsv` e` pi ejlmumek ùfêu`sm() Lm wskcl`hmujmfjöi e` `vukv dìöhìkv e` wksijfmfjöi e` lm fplupsm hèjíujfm ‖ mcksemekv, ì lìbpm jibl`vm, m wmsujs e` mdksupimemv `~ws`vjki`v, hív k hìkv jiusmepfjcl`v, uml`v fkhk “wksikbsmwnjfmujki kd un` hmjivus`mh‘ .HfImjs* k “hmjivus`mhjib v`~‘ .Muurkke*( jiuìum ems fpìum e` lm tjsplìfjm z dsmfumljeme e` lk }p` v` vp`l` eìkhjims wksiövd`sm, pim vp`su` e` jfkiövd`sm 3)7 s`wìvmem m wms( ujs e` vpv s`lmfjki`v e` fkiujipjeme z e` spwupsm fki lm tjvpmljeme wksik( bsífm) @i `l u`ssìk e`l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k, lmv fkvmv ik vki hpz ejd`sìu`v) Umhcjêi m jijfjkv e` lm eêfmem e` lkv iktìum, Miij` Vwsjial` sùkhmsí, ì `l fkiu`~uk e` vp `vw`fuífplk hplujw`sdkshmif` “Wkvu(Wksi Hke`sijvu‘, `l uêshjik mfpýmek wks `l msujvum ml`híi Rjia Tmi A`hwì z e`ijsí m lm wkvwksikbsmdèm fkhk “pi ip`tk bêi`sk e` hmu`sjml v`~pmlhìu` `~wlè ( fjuk }p` `v, }pjív, tjvpmlhìu` hív `~w`sjhìuml, wklèujfk, nphksèvujfk, „msuèvujfk‚ z `flêfujfk }p` `l s`vuk)‘5 E` `vum dkshm, `l b`vuk dpiemfjkiml e` Vwsjial` jimpbpsm ip`tkv e`tìjs`v e` lk wksikbsífk ì lm fplupsm tjvpml fkiu`hwksíi`m, `h`sbìfjm e` pim ejvfpsvjtjeme wkvwksikbsífm, ekie` lm jiflpvjöi e` lkv föejbkv`le``vumupuk lm s`ws`vìumfjöi wksikbsífm ì `l`~wlèfjum) s`bjvusk msuèvujfk wskcl`hmujmsí e` lm jhmbì v`~pmlhìu` E`ve` ìukif`v, msu` z wksikbsmdèm eòmsíi e` v`s uêshjikv kwp`vukv, emi( ek lpbms m pim v`sj` e` e`vu`ssjuksjmljmfjki`v, e`sjtmv ` njcsjemfjki`v, ws`( bpsmiek lmv fkkseìmemv e` pi ip`tk u`ssjuksjk, hpfnk hív fkhwlòk, ji( fj`suk z dmvfjimiu`) Mnksm cjì, fmc` ws`bpiumsv` mf`sfm e` lmv fkiejfjki`v e` wkvjcjljeme e` `vu` ip`tk sêbjhì e` tjvjcjljeme e` lk v`~pml, lmv wíbjimv }p` vjbpì wsùìeì `~wlksms `vum fkibpsmfjöi jiêejum1 cmok `l s`bjvusk e`l wlmf`s z e`l bkf`, mfkhwmýms lkv e`ssku`skv e` mlbpikv dìöhìkv e` wksikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm ws`vìu`v ì lm tjvpmljeme fkiu`hwksíi`m) un` wmvujfn` mie wmskez kd, un` nkhmb` uk mie jit`vujbmujki kd wksi1 un` wkvuhke`si usmivdkshm( ujki kd wksi jiuk hmjivus`mh fplupsml msu`dmfu dks m tmsjùz kd wpswkv`v jiflpejib, mv r` vnmll v``, met`sujvjib, msu, fkhèz mie èpfmujki)‘ HfImjs, Csjmi, kw) fju), w) 4=) 5“.․* m i`r bìs` kd v`~pmllz `~wljfju hmu`sjml unmu jv w`snmwv hks` tjvpmllz `~w`sjhìuml, wkljuj( fml, nphkskpv, „msuz‚, mie `fl`fujf unmi un` s`vu)‘ Miij` Vwsjial`, Wkvu(Wksi Hke`sijvu) Hz 30

Z`msv mv m Hplujhèjm Rnks`, Vmi Dsmifjvfk, Fl`jv Ws`vv, =::>, w) =47)

=53

wksik(mwskwjmfjöi z fkiusmwksikbsmdèm ì `l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`k

3) Wmsmeöojfmhìu`, ik ìfkiusms`hkv v`~k ì lm jiijum wmsmd`simljm wksik, völk vjbikv e`l v`~k, pim `vw`fj` e` e`vmwmsjfjöi wks `~f`vk, wsk( ljd`smfjöi e` lk v`~pml ì pim `vusmu`bjm njw`scöljfm, mÿ~`vjv z mdmijvjv wsk( cl`hmujmiek lm u`musmljmfjöi e`l fp`swk z vpv wlmf`s`v) Lm jiujhjeme, ì vpv mvw`fukv hív fmsimtml`vfkv, v` fkitj`su` ì `l ò` e` `vu` e`vwlj`bp` kw`síujfk vjbikv,vpìmvw`fuk `vum v`hjpsbjm `söujfm, ekie` ìfmiuk e` v`~pml( lkv vjb( ikv wms`fè` vpw`sms s`d`sìfjml, `v e`fjs, lkv`lvjbijfmiu`v hìu` `~wlèfjukv vki hív wkuìu`v z wìùsmiu`v .ì `l hòks vìujek* }p` lm wskwjm v`~pmljeme, `l fp`swk k `l e`v`k) Kcvfìjeme clmifm, wpsjfmem, fkit`sujem ì kcoùk e` s`ws`vìumfjöi) Rmsnkl fkhìuö mlbpim t` }p` “`l v`~k `v hív `~fjumiu` ì lm wmiumllm z ìus` lmv wíbjimv e` pi ljcsk }p` ìus` lmv vícmimv)‘0 Fs`k }p` `l hêsjuk e` lm wksikbsmdèm `v e`hkvusms, nmvum `l fmivmifjk, lm nkssjwjlmiu` ws`fjvjöi e` lm mshmfjöi rmsnkljmim) Wks vp wmsu`, Dkpfmplu mshö, m wskwövjuk e` lm wpcljfmfjöi e` vp njvuksjm e` lm v`~pmljeme, }p` “`l v`~k `v mcpssjek‘4, wms`fj`sm }p` lk ejt`sujek e`l v`~k ik `v umiuk vp fspem s`mljeme, vjik vp fkit`svjöi ì kcoùk e` vjhplm ( fjöi, vp `~jvuìfjm v`fpiemsjm ì `l `vwmfjk e` lm vjbijfmfjöi) Sklmie Cmsun`v e`fèm }p` lm wmlmcsm, z fs`k }p` `vuk tml` umhcjêi wmsm lm jhmbì, wpè` v`s `söujfm cmok ekv fkiejfjki`v kwp`vumv z `~f`vjtmv, “vj `v s`wùjem nmvum `l fmivmifjk k, wks `l fkiusmsjk, vj `v ji`vw`smem, vpfp( 2

lìum`skujvhk wks vp iktème)‘ Fs`k }p` tmsjkv e` `vumhkv fmivmekv e` `vu` e` lm s`wùjfjöi ws`vìu` ì ikvkuskv lm imssmujtjeme usjwl` ^, wìvms ì `vusmu`bjmv wkvwksikbsífmv uìesí }p` t`s fki smvus`ms ip`tmv dks( hmv e` ejvfpsvjtjeme z ip`tmv lèi`mv e` tjvjcjljeme ml jiu`sjks e`l ejvwkvjujtk e` lm v`~pmljeme ì kffjeìu`, vjibplmsjeme`v ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi `~wlèfjum e` lk v`~pml) Ikv ìdsìumhkv, ìukif`v, ik m lm tjvjcjljeme e`l e`v`k vjik ml e`v`k e` tjvjcjljeme, }pjív mnè smej}p` wmsu` e` lm dmvfjimfjöi wks `vumv jhíbì`v, ik umiuk pim kcv`vjöi wks `l v`~k vjik wks lm tjvjcjljeme e`l v`~k fkit`sujek ì pi vjvu`hm e` vjbijfmfjki`v) @l fp`swk kw`sm fkhk vjbik ml jiu`sjks e` pim fkhcjimuksjm vjiumbhíujfm, lm pijeme hèijhm e` `vumv ejv( fpsvjtjeme`v `söujfmv `v `l wksikbsmhm>, lm dpvjöi e`l fp`swk z lm `vfsjupsm ì `l `vwmfjk e` lm jhmbì) Mnksm cjì, `vum ejhìvjöi e` vìujek ikv fki( epf` m pim hùmhksdkvjv ì uêshjikv e` tjvpmljeme, pim vp`su` e` w`st`s( Miez Rmsnkl, Hj lkvkdèm e` M m C z e` C m M, Cmsf`lkim, Upv}pùv, =::>, w) 5>) Hjfn`l Dkpfmplu, Vmc`s z T`seme, Hmesje, Lm wj}pùm, =::=, w) =>0) 2Sklmie Cmsun`v, @l wlmf`s e`l u`~uk, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J, =::0, ww) 4>(4:)

0 4

>

Têmv`, Sklmie Cmsun`v, Vme`, Dkpsj`s, Lkzklm, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, =::2, w) =>3)

=56


vjöi e` lm wplvjöi `vföwjfm .zm, e` wks vè, w`st`svm*, hpumfjöi v`hjklöbjfm ekie` lm hjsmem wksikbsífm v` usmivdkshm ì l`fupsm wksikbsmhíujfm) M wmsujs e` pim l`fupsm wksikbsmhíujfm e` fj`sukv dìöhìkv e` wks( ikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm ws`vìu`v ì lm tjvpmljeme fkiu`hwksíi`m, v`sèm wkvjcl` usmms mlbpimv fmu`bksèmv e` miíljvjv }p` ikv w`shjujsíi fmsukbsm( ms lk wkvwksikbsífk, fk}pù`kv e`l msu` fki vp “mdp`sm‘, fki `vumv ( bpsmv tjifplmemv m lm kcvfìjeme }p`, bsmfjmv m lmv e`sjtmv wskepfjemv wks lk usmiv`vuêujfk fkhk fìusèwùm, v` nmi Fkhìf`hkv fkit`sujek ìwks pi wmsmeöoj( fk uskwk ml jiu`sjks e` dp`sm lm ejvfpsvjtjeme msuèvujfm) pcjfms lm wskcl`hmujmfjöi e` lk wksikbsífk ì `l hmsfk hív bì`sml e` pim fsjvjv e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi `vuêujfm) Lk usmiv`vuêujfk `v, wmsm Cmpesjllmse, pi d`( iöhìk tjifplmek m lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e` lkv lèhju`v e`l msu`, ì `vu` vìujek, `~ws`vjki`v fkhk “msu` wksikbsífk‘ k “wksikbsmdèm msuèvujfm‘ s`vplumi vjiukhíujfmv, `vumv dkshmv k~jhksöijfmv wms`fì s`hjujsikv m `vum vp`su` e` fklpvjöi usmiv`vuêujfm, lm wksikbsmdèm zm ik e`hmsfm `l lèhju` e`l msu`, vp cmfavumb`, vp wmsu` usmv`sm k vp wmsu` hmlejum, zm ik fkivujupz` lk }p` wkesèmhkv llmhms vp ejhìvjöi e` `~u`sjksjeme) E`l`p` vklèm e`fjs }p` lmv fkvmv jiu`s`vmiu`v vj`hws` vpfèì ì `l hèjk, m hjume e` fmhjik, wkesèmhkv wìvms `vu` wlj`bp`, `vu` “ìus`‘ msu` z wksikbsmdèm, fkhk `l `vwmfjk e` lm fk}pù`sèm vjhh`ljmim:, lm vjhplumi`jeme e`l vè z e`l ik, lm mshmfjöi z lm i`bmfjöi vjhpluíi`m e` mhckv `vwmfjkv, lm döshplm e` pi jiu`sfmhcjk jhwkvjcl`) Ekiim Nmsmrmz llmhö “jskièm wkvhke`sim‘ m `vumv dkshmv e` fk}pù`sèm, m `vum wkvjcjljeme e` ljejms fki lmv fkiusmejffjki`v vji jiuìums vpw`smslmv ì pimmsu` vèiu`vjv ejmlêfujfm, ik fs`k }p` mlbk vjhjlms vp( fè` fki `vum uìvjöi ìus` z wksikbsmdèm, `vw`s`hkv vpw`smslm, mf`wu`hkv, fki nphks z v`sjème (fkhk ikv s`fkhjìem Nmsmrmz(, “lm uìvjöi jin`sìu` m hmiuì`s opiumv fkvmv jifkhwmujcl`v, fkivje`smemv i`f`vmsjmv z t`seme`smv‘=7) @v e`fjs, lm je`m `v `hw`ms m fmsukbsmms `l `vwmfjk e` lk }p` llmhms`( hkv wksikbsmdèm njw`suêljfm, ì pi b`vuk `~f`vjtk, njw`suêljfk, lm wksikbsm( dèm `~fè` vp imljeme, usmivbsè` vpv wskwjkv lèhju`v z, ì `vu` hktjhjì( uk, u`shjim wks wìùsms `l `vwmfjk msuèvujfk kw`smiek pi usmvukfmhjìuk e`l hjvhk, vpctjsujìek lmv s`blmv e`l op`bk e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi, s`tjsujì( ek lkv h`fmijvhkv e` lm jhmbji`sèm `söujfm) Wksikflmvujm z wksiklmusèm, pi wms e` i`klkbjvhkv }p` ikv w`shjujsíi mcksems lmv fkhwlòmv s`lmfjki`v ìus` msu` z wksikbsmdèm, m wmsujs e` `vusmu`bjmv e` wksik(mwskwjmfjöi z fkiusmwksikbsmdèm) H` mssj`vbk m pim mws`vpsmem e`ijfjöi) Wksiklmusèm? :

Têmv`, B`ksb Vjhh`l, Vkcs` lm mtìupsm, Cmsf`lkim, Wìèivplm, 3773, w) =6: z vv)

=7

Ekiim Nmsmrmz, , Fjìfjm, fzcksbv z hpo`s`v, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, =::0, w) 306)

=55


jhíbì`v e` wlmf`s kw`smi pim hkiphìumljmfjöi e` lk wksikbsífk ì flmt` mwskwjmfjkijvum, lk fjumfjkiml dpifjkim, fs`k zk, fkhk t`n`hì( u` meksmfjöi e` lm ikshmljmfjöi wksikbsífm) Wksikflmvujm? jhíbì`v e` bkf` kw`smi fkhk ml`bksèmv e` lk wksikbsífk, e`vuspffjöi e` vpv lèi`mv e` tjvjcjljeme, vpct`svjöi e` vpv föejbkv, `vckkv e` pim wksikbsmdèm ì spjimv) V`hjpsbjm wkvwksikbsífm vjbimem wks lm uìvjöi ìus` wlmf`s z bkf`==, ìus` lm mshmfjöi z lm wêsejem e` lk wksikbsífk ml jiu`sjks e` lm ejvfpsvjtjeme msuèvujfm) Hív mllí e`l wsjifjwjk e`l wlmf`s, `l bkf` jivumpsm ip`tmv hkemljeme`v wksikbsmhíujfmv, ip`tmv dpvjki`v e`l fp`swk z e` lm `vfsjupsm, wskepfjì( ek pim vp`su` e` ìlk}p`fjhjìuk ì lm hm}pjimsjm wksikbsífm, ìuìej( em fkhk pi ìvmhclmo` vjiumbhíujfk e` fp`swkv z, ì wmsujfplms, e` pokv z fksu`v e` pok) Wkesèmhkv jhmbjims pim hjfskdèvjfm e`l e`v`k, e`vwl`( bmem m wmsujs e` pim tjvpmljeme fkiusmwksikbsífm, pim `d`st`vfìfjm e`l fp`swk hív mllí e` ukem ksbmijfjeme, wmsml`lm m pim vp`su` e` `hcksskim ( hjìuk e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi wksikbsífm, vjbimem wks `l hke`lk díljfk e` lm wìùsmfjöi z lm lju`smljeme e` lk `~wlèfjuk) Lm wksikbsmdèm, fkhk lm tjem, ik ujì` }p` v`s pim dmumljeme) Lm je`m `v ljc`sms ml wlmf`s e`l wsjifjwjk e`l wlmf`s, fkit`sujs lmv jhíbì`v e` wlmf`s ì jhíbì`v e` bkf`) Fkikf`hkv lmv jhíbì`v e` wlmf`s, v` s`ju`smi jifmivmcl`hìu` ì lm fspem bìjumljeme e`l ejvfpsvk wksikbsífk z ì vpv ju`smfjki`v wksik(mwskwjmfjkijvumv, lmv jhíbì`v e` bkf`, ì fmhcjk, fkiv`stmi, ì pim fplupsm e` lm `zmfplmfjöi ws`fk, `l ìfmiuk e` pi ìjbhm, e`vmdèmi lm l`bjcjljeme e`l v`~k fkhk vjb ( ik) @l wlmf`s e` lmì jhmbì `v ejvspwujtk, m}p`llk }p`pim v` s`wju`, fkhk vpujl‘ vj imem, =3 `l bkf` e` lm jhmbì smejfm vp tmlks “vpct`svjöi ì lm }p` `l fp`swk z `l wlmf`s v` wj`seì ì pim `vw`fj` e` mdmijvjv `söujfm, e` jl`bjcjlj( eme e`l wskwjk e`v`k, pi `vwmfjk fj`bk }p` jiuskepf` pi tmfèk ì `l fp`swk e` lm jhmbì, pim wksikbsmdèm jhwkvjcl`) M ejd`sìfjm e` pim wksikbsmdèm kctjm, v`sèm i`f`vmsjk wìvms m `vumv jhíbì`v v`~pmlhìu` `~wlèfjumv e`v( e` kusk lpbms, ik e`ve` vp kctjème, hív k hìkv e`vf`s`csmem, vjik e`v( e` fj`suk fmsífu`s kcupvk, jl`bjcl`, m usmtêv e`l bkf` e` lm vjbijfmifjm, e`l vìujek “ì fpmiuk `v wskepfjek vìvpmlhìu`‘=6, `v e`fjs, s`fpw`sms ml bkf` fkhk nksjkiu` puöwjfk e` lm jhmbì wkvwksikbsífm, s`ws`vìum( fjöi e`l fp`swk ì `vumek muöwjfk, e`l e`v`k ì `vumek tklíujl) Jivfsjwfjk( i`v z vjbijfmfjki`v, imlhìu`, ukek v` sèpf` m `vk) M wskwövjuk e` lm ejvujifjöi ìus` u`~ukv e` wlmf`s z u`~ukv e` bkf`, têmv`, Sklmie Cmsun`v, @l wlmf`s e`l u`~uk, w) 30 z vv) =3Sklmie Cmsun`v, @l wlmf`s e`l u`~uk, w) >:) ==

=6

Sklmie Cmsun`v, @l wlmf`s e`l u`~uk, w) =77)

=50


Mvè, lm tmlksmfjöi e` lm tjvpmljeme wkvwksikbsífm ik v` `vumcl`f`sí m wmsujs e`l wmsmejbhm `skujvhk+wksikbsmdèm, kwkvjfjöi tjifplmem `vus`fnm( hìu` m pim n`shìêpujfm e` lm wskdpiejeme kscjumiek ji`dmcl`v vjbij( fmekv kfplukv k m pim löbjfm e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi fkif`cjem ì dpifjöi e` pim jss`cmvmcl` ejvumifjm `vfêijfm, vjik m wmsujs e` vpujl`v ejd`sìfjmv vjb( ijfmiu`v ì uêshjikv e` wlmf`s z e` bkf`) Lm tmlksmfjöi uìesí }p` t`s, ìukif`v, fki `d`fukv e` vpw`sfj`, fki wskf`vkv e` vjbijfmfjöi }p` s`( fkssì, fkhk jhwplvkv `lêfusjfkv, lmv kimv `söbìmv e` lm jhmbì v`~pml( hìu` `~wlèfjum)

6) Lmv v`jv v`sjbsmdèmv }p` fkhwkiì lm v`sj` V`~ Wmsuv .=:2>* e` Miez Rms( nkl fkivujupzì pi cpì wpiuk e` wmsujem wmsm ejmbsmhms lmv kw`smfjki`v e` wksik(mwskwjmfjöi ws`vìu`v ì lm tjvpmljeme fkiu`hwksíi`m, mvè fkhk lkv dìöhìkv e` wksiklmusèm }p` vp`lì mfkhwmýmslmv) Rmsnkl fkit`suj( sí, ì `vum v`sjbsífm ekfphìumljmfjöi wkw e` lk v`~pml, m lkv föejbkv e` s`ws`vìumfjöi wksikbsífm ì pim vp`su` e` s`mez(hme`, e`l kcoùk v`~pml ml kcoù uskptê ik nmz hív }p` pi wmvk) @v e`fjs, lm kcoùpmljmfjöi e`l fp`swk z e`l e`v`k v` wkuìfjm ì `vum `vusmu`bjm mwskwjmfjkijvum, lm jhmbji`sèm wksikbsífm v` fkitj`su` ì pi kcoùk e` fkivphk hív }p` wpè` jifkswksmsv`, fkhk pi psjimsjk k pim lmum e` vkwm Fmhwc`ll, ml `v( wmfjk msuèvujfk) Wksik(mwskwjmfjkijvhk }p` `hwmsìum, vji hmzks`v ejfpl( ume`v, m pi `skujvhk wkw z m pi msu` e` fkivphk) ]pjív lk wksikbsífk v`m lm `~ws`vjöi hív wkw e`l `skujvhk, lm fkit`svjöi hív vmltmo` e`l v`~k ì jhmbì dùjfnjmem, ì `vu` vìujek, fj`sumv hmijd`vumfjki`v msuèvujfmv fkiu`hwksíi`mv ik nmi wkejek `tjums lm dmvfjimfjöi ò`sfjem wks lmv dks( hmv hív `~us`hmv e` h`sfmiujljmfjöi e` lk v`~pml) M ejd`sìfjm e`l b`vuk fkiusmwksikbsífk, `l tkz`psjvhk rmsnkljmik usmfmsí fki lm jhmbì wks( ikbsífm ml jiu`sjks e`l `vwmfjk e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi `vuêujfm vji s`fpssjs m ijibpim `vusmu`bjm e`fkivuspfujtm, vjhwl`hìu` pim kw`smfjöi e` usmvlm( ek ekie` `l nmsefks` `hjbsmsí e`l fjsfpjuk hèjíujfk, hmvjtk, wmsm ìusms ml `vwmfjk hpv`èvujfk, `~wlkumiek, e` `vum dkshm, vp `~usmio`sèm, vp `~kujv( hk, ì pim `vw`fj` e` v`~wlkjumujki msuèvujfm) Umhcjêi Okni Fpssji, fki vpv wjiupsmv jivwjsmemv ì wksikbsmdèm emi`vm e` lm eêfmem e` lkv vùìum, jifpsvjkimsí ì lm fjumfjöi wksikbsífm) Msu` fjumfjkiml, jhíbì`v v`~pmlhìu` `~wlèfjumv z hmij`sjvhk wjfuösjfk ì pi

=54


hjvhk `vwmfjk e` fklpvjöi usmiv`vuêujfm) Wksik(mwskwjmfjki`v fkhk Un` Emi` .3774* wskepfì fj`suk `hcksskimhjìuk e` lm lèi`m }p` e`hmsfm lm s`ws`vìumfjöi wjfuösjfm z lm v`wmsm e` lm `~wlèfjum wp`vum ì `vfìm e` lk v`~pml ì flmt` wksikbsífm, wskcl`hmujmfjki`v e` lm wskwjm ikfjöi e` hmsfk .wms`sbki* ìuìejek fkhk `l hmsbì }p` wkesèm v`wmsms `l `vwmfjk e`l msu` e` vp mdp`sm, e` vp ejhìvjöi e` `~u`sjksjeme =5) Fj`sumv dkshmv e` wksiklmusèm nmi jiuìumek pcjfmsv` ì `vu` `vwmfjk e`l lèhju` s`tjsujìek lm kwkvjfjöi `vuspfupsml msu`+ik msu`, `vuùjmfjki`v e` lm kcvfìjeme, ws`fjk( vjvhk wkvwksikbsífk, s`imekv fkivfmhjìukv e` lkv cpsekv fkitì( fjkimljvhkv s`ws`vìumfjkiml`v e`l nmsefks`) @i+`vfìjeme`v=0, pi b`vuk usmiv`vuêujfk ekie` lm ikfjöi e` kcvfìjeme wms`f` mf`sfmsv` m lm e` lk vp( cljh`, mhcmv ikfjki`v mlpeì ml e`v`k e` s`ws`vìums lk jss`ws`vìumcl`, `vfìjfms lk }p` `vuí dp`sm e`l fmhwk usmmek wks lmv lèi`mv e` tjvjcjljeme e`l ejvwkvjujtk msuèvujfk, ejvklt`s `l lèhju`, fkhk ejsí Ljiem Amphmi, ìus` `l kivumb` z `l kvumb`)=4 Sjfnmse Wsjif`, ì vp fksukhùsmo` Nkpv` Fmll .3774*, v` mwskwjmsí e` pim v`fpìfjm v`~pmlhìu` `~wlèfjum, e` mwsk~jhmemhìu` =3 hjipukv e` epsmfjöi z e` d`fnm e`vfkikfjem (mpi}p` vpwki`hkv }p` `v pim vumb hk( tj` e` lm eêfmem e` lkv vùìum( jiu`swsùmem wks Okni Vmjiu Okni z Aksm S`è) @i `vu` fmvk, `l wskfèjhjìuk fjumfjkiml `vuí vjbimek wks lm hÿlujwl` s`bsmcmfjöi e` lm fjium ksjbjiml z lm vpvujupfjöi e`l mpejk wks pim cmiem vkiksm fkhwp`vum ` jiu`swsùmem wks `l wskwjk msujvum) Lmv s`wùjemv s`( bsmcmfjki`v e`l lh, s`dp`smi `l lkka sùsk e` pi iÿh`sk v`~pml cmvumiu` fkitìfjkiml, ekie` “`l ekfuks‘ z “lm wmfjìu`‘ fks`kbsmdèmi lmv flívjfmv bpsmv e` lm sùösjfm wksikbsífm (v`~k ksml, wìùsmfjöi z `zmfplmfjöi `~u`sim( ìhmsfmekv wks lkv wsè`fjcl`v ìfpmes`v e` lmv clp` hktj`v (hèjfml vnkuv z h`mu vnkuv fplhjimiek fki `l ji`lpejcl` hki`z vnku }p` hmsfm `l wpiuk iml e`l w`sdkshmif` v`~pml() @l s`cmvmhjìuk e`l `vwmfjk e` jivfsjwfjöi ksjbjiml, kw`smfjöi e` usmvlmek e` lk wksikbsífk e` lm bsmi wmiumllm m lm wmiumllm fmuöejfm wmsml`lm m pi vjlìfjmhjìuk e` lm vkiksjeme fmsmfu`sèvujfm e`l bêi`sk, ìupscjmsí lkv `d`fukv e` s`mljvhk, wskwjkv e` lm ejvfpsvjtjeme wksikbsífm, m wmsujs e` ejvfsùmv mlu`smfjki`v ì `l u`ssìk e` lk tjvjcl` z lk ìpifjmcl`, vpujl`v hmijwplmfjki`v m ijt`l vjbijfmiu`) @v e`fjs, pi `d`fuk vjij`vusk vjst` e` fkiusmwpiuk m lm kctjème e` lmv jhíb`( Wmsm pim fkif`wupmljmfjöi e`l hmsfk tjifplmek ml e`vipek d`hìjik, têmv` Lziem I`me, @l e`vipek d`hìjik, Hmesje, U`fikv, =::>) Têmv`, Ljiem Rjlljmhv, Nmse Fks`, Fmljdksijm, Pijt`svjuz kd Fmljdksijm Ws`vv, =::: w) 3>7 z vv) =4@vu` op`bk e` wmlmcsmv, tjifplmek m `vfìm z kcvfìk, mwms`f` ì Ljiem V) Ampddhmi, Hmlmv z w`st`svkv, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, 3777) =5

=0

=52


i`v, pim “ji}pjùmiu` dmhjljmsjeme‘ mlòm m `vu` fksukhùsmo` `~w`sjhìuml e`l u`ssìk v`bpsk, wlmfìu`sk, e` lm njw`sfkejfmfjöi wksikbsífm) Vj `h( cmsbk, s`vplum ejfjl l``slk fkhk mlbk hív }p` pi ikvuílbjfk nkhìmo` m lm ikshmljmfjöi e`l v`~k, kw`smem ì lm êwkfm eksmem e`l wksik) Pi wms e` fmvkv hív e` wksiklmusèm, lm `~njcjfjöi Wskvujupujki .=:24* e`l bspwk FKPH Usmivhjvvjkiv=2 z lm `~njcjfjöi Hme` ji N`mtì .=::=* e` O` Akkiv z e` Jlkim Vumll`s .mam Fjffjkljim*) Wmsm `l wskz`fuk Wskvujupujki lm ms( ujvume`l Fkv`z Upuuj usmcmoöws`tjmhìu` fkhk hke`lk epsmiu` ì ekvs`tjvumv mýkv ìwmsm lm jiepv( usjm v`~k,Dmiij vpv dkukbsmdèmv, wpcljfmemv mepl( ukv, dp`ski `~njcjemv, uml fkhk mwms`fj`ski ì lmv wíbjimv e` Wmsa Lmi`, Dj`vum, Wlmzcjsev z kusmv umiumv wpcljfmfjki`v wksikbsífmv e` epekvm s`( wpumfjöi, ì `l Jivujupu` kd Fkiu`hwksmsz Msuv e` Lkies`v, e` `vum dkshm, lm jhmbì wksikbsífm jssphwèm, vji fkmsumemv `vuêujfmv ij meplu`smfjki`v, ì `l `vwmfjk hpv`èvujfk) Wkvwksikbsmdèm vmltmo`, lmv dkukbsmdèmv e` lm msujv( um Fkv`z Dmiij Upuuj fkit`sujem ì hke`lk wksikbsífm nmfèmi vp ìusmem usjpidml ml hpiek e`l msu`) M wmsujs e` ìukif`v, lmv s`lmfjki`v ìus` msu` z wksikbsmdèm v` tkltj`ski fmem t` hív fkhwlòmv, }pjif` mýkv e`vwpêv, ì lm `~njcjfjöi Hme` ji N`mtì, lm mfusj wksik Fjffjkljim l` e`tklt`sí lm tjvjum m Fkv`z Dmiij Upuuj, s`fs`miek, opiuk fki `l msujvum O` Akkiv, lmv `v( fìmv e` v`~k `~wlèfjuk }p` lm njfj`ski dmhkvm ì w`lèfplmv usjwl` ^ fkhk, wks ò`hwlk, Un` Sjv` kd un` Skhmi @hws`vv .=:>2*) @~mlumujki, pim e` lmv dkukbsmdèmv hív wklêhjfmv e` ukem lm `~njcjfjöi, ik nmfèm hív }p` s`wùjs, ì `l fkiu`~uk msuèvujfk, `l vjbik hív ejvujiujtk e`l bêi`sk wksikbsífk, pi lh nmsefks`, `l dmfjml }pè`ws`vìumcm, fki `le` ìfpmes` fmsmfu`sèvujfk e` pi skvusk flkv`(pw pim `zmfplmfjöi O` Akkiv vkcs` `l wsèvujik e` Fjffjk( ljim) O` Akkiv ` Jlkim Vumll`s `l`tmcmi, bsmfjmv m `vu` b`vuk usmiv`vuêujfk, ml fph vnku m lm fmu`bksèm e` s`mez(hme`) Ik fs`k }p` Miez Rmsnkl wìvm( sm, fpmiek pujljö vp v`hì ì lm kcsm Fph Wmjiujib .=:2>*, }p` lmv fkvmv jsèmi m ll`bms umi lòkv)

=2

=5>

Fkv`z Dmiij Upuuj z Bì`vjv W) Kssjeb` dp`ski vpv hj`hcskv dpiemeks`v)


5) Kusk fmhjik jiu`s`vmiu` ì lm wskcl`hmujmfjöi e` lk kcvfìk v` e`v( wlj`bm m usmtêv e` pim `vusmu`bjm fkiusmwksikbsífm) Ip`tkv s`bjvuskv, dsìu` m lm jihèjmu` m lm }p` ikv ujì` mfkvuphcsmekv lm wksikbsmdèm, lmv jhíbì`v e` lm v`sj` Ipe`v e` Unkhmv Sp, mwskwjmemv e` Jiu`siù z hkej( fmemv ejbjumlhìu`, ikv kcljbmi m sùskfè`s, wmsujìek e` lm jihèjmu` wksik, s`fkcsmi pi `d`fuk kwp`vuk hèjfml`vumv vnku,jhíbì`v em lm jhws`vjöi e` fj`sum }p` `vejvumifjm, i`f`vmsjkììus`f`ssms lkv kokv ml k mlòmsv` wmsm t`s, }pjív lm jhmbì e`l v`~k s`fpw`s` lm ejvumifjm e`l e`vip( ek) Lm ejvujifjöi `v vpujl w`sk fspfjml, n`hkv s`fkssjek pi lmsbk fmhjik ì uêshjikv e` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l fp`swk fkhk `vwmfjk e` e`v`k, wlmf`s z hjsmem, `vum njvuksjm, nmvum lm d`fnm, wpè` s`vphjsv`, vmltmo`hìu` (flms( ajmimhìu`, wkesèmhkv e`fjs(, ì ekv hkhìukv vpf`vjtkv? e`l e`vipek .ipe`* ml ìfp`smhjìuk .imaè*) Uml t`, wsífujfmv msuèvujfmv fkhk lmv }p` ikv wskwki` Sp ws`bpsì ip`tkv `vwmfjkv e` s`ws`vìumfjöi e`l e`v`k, }pjív `vukv wskfèjhjìukv s`tj`sumi wks pi hkhìuk `vu` wskf`vk e` ìfp`smhjìuk (ìuìejek fkhk m}p`l hkhìuk ekie` lm wskwjm e`vip( e` wj`se` vp vìujek, ekie` zm ik nmz `vwmfjk ij wmsm lm usmivbs`vjöi ij wmsm `l bkf`( s`fpw`smiek fj`suk `skujvhk }p` v` jivfsjcm vkcs` lm vpw`s( fj` e` lk wksikbsífk, pim ip`tm ksbèm wmsm e`vwpêv e` lm ksbèm ekie` lkv fp`swkv s`fpw`sì, hív mllí e` lm fkid`vjöi dksmem e` vp wlmf`s, fj`suk fm( sífu`s ìjbhíujfk, vèpfuks) Zm ik s`jitjiejfms lm “wskdpiejeme‘ e`l e`vip( ek flívjfk vjik kw`sms ì lkv wlj`bp`v z s`wlj`bp`v e` lk tjvjcl`, pim `vuêujfm e` lmv vpw`sfj`v }p` usmf` vkcs` lm wj`l e`vipem pi `vwmfjk }p` w`shjum, e`ve` pim vpwl`hìumsjème fkiusmwksikbsífm, e`vwl`bms kuskv op`bkv e`l e`v`k) Umhcjêi lmv jhíbì`v e` Memh Fki`llz, ml`bksèmv wjfuösjfmv e` lm wksik( bsmdèm ejbjuml, s`vplumi wksikbsífmhìu` jifkss`fumv, v` mcjvhmi ì pim `vw`fj` e` s`wlj`bp` e` lm ejvfpsvjtjeme wksikbsmhíujfm, ì pi usíivjuk e` lm bpsmfjöi wksik m lm mcvusmffjöi `söujfm) Vpv wjiupsmv fkidkshmi pim `vuspfupsm ml`bösjfm ml jiu`sjks e`l ejvwkvjujtk wksikbsífk, vp imssmujtj( eme vpwl`hìumsjm s`(`vfsjc` ml wksik m wmsujs e` lk wjfuösjfk ì pi vjvu`hm v`hjklöbjfk v`bpiek, wmsmvjumsjk e` lm sùösjfm e`l nmsefks`) Wmljhwv`vuk tjvpml ekie` lk mimlöbjfk v` l`` m wmsujs e` lk ejbjuml, `vu` `v, v`bÿi Fsmjb Krìv, pik e` lkv smvbkv ejvujiujtkv e` lm ml`bksèm, “pi u`~uk v` l`` m usm ( têv e` kusk, wks dsmbhìumsjm, jiu`shjuìu` k fmöujfm }p` wpèm v`s vp

=5:


s`lmfjöi‘=>) @i `vu` vìujek, lk wksikbsífk v` s`fpw`sm fkhk fjum ì pim v`sj` e` mwskwjmfjki`v }p` v` mlòmi e` vp imljeme jijfjml (lm tjvjöi, hív k hìkv e`vfmsimem, e` `vfìmv e` v`~k `~wlèfjuk( wmsm ìusms ì lk njw`suê( ljfk, ì `vu` `~f`vk e` imljeme, ekie` jhíbì`v, hív k hìkv jl`bjcl`v, mljìmemv e`l jhw`smujtk e` hí~jhm tjvjcjljeme, usmivjumi e` lk `~wlèfjuk m lk jhwlèfjuk) Fkiv`stmiek lm vpb`sìfjm e` lm dkshm, `vumv jhíbì`v op`bmi kusk op`bk, ekie` s`ws`vìumfjki`v wjfuösjfmv }p` `tkfmi wj~`lmemv tj( vpmljeme`v `vlmckimi pi ìvmhclmo` e` `l`hìukv ejvfkiujipkv, spwupsmv mvjbijfmiu`v }p` `hwpomi m lk wksikbsífk e` lk lju`sml m lm hùmhksdk( vjv, w`sk ik i`f`vmsjmhìu` m lm hùídksm) Ij msu` ij wksikbsmdèm, hív cjì pim vpct`svjöi e` `vum kwkvjfjöi, lm mwmsjfjöi e` pi u`sf`s uêshjik }p` ik `v, wskwjmhìu` nmclmiek, ij pik, ij kusk, ij lm vèiu`vjv e` mhckv) @i `l fmvk e` Vu`wnì Jsrji, `l b`vuk mwkdíiujfk (“`vuk ik `v wksikbsm( dèm‘( dpifjkim m wmsujs e` lm mwskwjmfjöi ` jiu`stìfjöi e` miujbpmv s`tjvumv wksikbsífmv) Lm `~wkvjfjöi Vkhùjh`v Rnì R` Ukpfn .377:* wskfpsm vpvujupjs lm njw`stjvjcjljeme wksikbsífm wks lm jidsmtjvjcjljeme fkiusmwksik( bsífm) @i pim êwkfm e` e`vkfplumhjìukv, lm `vusmu`bjm uífujl pujljmem wks Jsrji v` fkitj`su` ì pi b`vuk e` s`vjvuìfjm `vföwjfm, ì lpbms e` e`vt`v( ujs lkv fp`swkv, }pjív jiupzìek lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` lm e`vipe` mcvklpum ì `l hpiek e` lkv vjbikv, `l msujvum v` ws`kfpwm wks t`vujslkv ì pim `vuê ( ujfm e`l kfplumhjìuk) M wmsujs e` wskfèjhjìukv mvusjibìu`v z mcsmvjtkv, ì pim `vw`fj` e` vusjwu`mv` e` vjbik fkiusmsjk, lkv fp`swkv vki s`fpcj`s( ukv, ìfpcj`sukv, msskwmekv ì pim `vuêujfm e`l kfplumhjìuk kwp`vum ml e`v`k mhwljfmemkw`sm }p` pim s`fkss` lm s`ws`vìumfjöi híujfm)e` Lktjvjcjljeme fkiusmwksikbsífk e`v`vumcjljmfjöi e` lm wksikbsm( bpsm, pi `hcksskimhjìuk e` lkv vjbikv e`l v`~k, wksikbsmdèm bsmek f`sk ekie` lm kcvfìm jihèjmu` e`l nmsefks` `v jiu`sf`wumem, lusmem, kvfps`fjem) E` lm usmivwmsìfjm m lm kwmfjeme, e`vipe` jhwkvjcl` ekie` `l ejvwkvjujtk wkvwksikbsífk dpifjkim m wmsujs e` t`lkv }p`, ì lpbms e` fm`s, ik f`vmi e` mfphplmsv` vkcs` lm vpw`sfj` e` lm jhmbì) E` hmi`sm vjhjlms, w`sk mnksm ì `l s`bjvusk e` lm jhmbì(hktjhjìuk, Imkhj Phmi, fki vp fksukhùsmo` `~w`sjhìuml S`hktè .=:::*, jitjvjcj( ljmsí `l fp`swk d`hìjik ì lm s`ws`vìumfjöi wksikbsífm) M wmsujs e` lm mwskwjfmfjöi e` tmsjmv v`fpìfjmv vkdu wksi vùìu`smv, lhmemv ì =4 hh, Imkhj Phmi s`hkt`sí e`l f`lplkje`, fki mfùkim z flksk, fpml}pj`s smvusk e` `vfkwkljm (ì `l vìujek e` Lmpsm Hplt`z =:(, pim `vusmu`bjm hùmbpsml Fsmjb Krìv, “@l jhwplvk ml`bösjfk? fkiusjcpfjki`v m pim u`ksèm e` lm wkvhke`sijeme‘, ì Csmji Rmlljv .è)*, Msu` e`vwpêv e` lm hke`sijeme, Hmesje, Maml, 377=, w) 370) =>

=:

Têmv`, Lmpsm Hplt`z, “Wlmf`s tjvpml z fji` imssmujtk‘, ì ì Csmji Rmlljv, .è)*, Msu` e`vwpêv e`

=07


}p`, mwmsuíiekv` e` lm hjh`vjv, wskepfjsí jhíbì`v hív f`sfmimv ml ejv( umifjmhjìuk }p` m lm jeìujfmfjöi, bsmfjmv m pi ejvwkvjujtk wmsöejfk }p` kw`sm fkhk pim “usmivfkiu`~upmljmfjöi jsöijfm‘37 e` lkv uskwkv wksikbsm( híujfkv e` lk d`hìjik) @v e`fjs, `l wlmf`s tjvpml, ì uêshjikv e` tkz`psjv( hk z dùjfnjmfjöi, `v `~ksfjvmek wks Phmi, pi dkukbsmhm m lm t`, m wmsujs e` lm wp`vum ì `vfìm e` pim mpvìfjm) Hmvfmsmem fkiusmwksikbsífm, u`musmljmfjöi e` lm fkvjfmfjöi `vföwjfm e` lm hpo`s, op`bk e` `vwòkv eki( e` lm hjsmem hmvfpljim v` t` m vè hjvhm hjìusmv fkiu`hwlm, jhwkuìu`, lm s`hkfjöi e` vp kcoùk e` e`v`k) Mvè, ì `vum s`wùjfjöi fki ejd`sìfjm e` lmv fkitìfjki`v e`l bêi`sk, lk jidksh` jivumpsm pim vpct`svjöi ì lmv lèi`mv e` tjvjcjljeme e`l ejvwkvjujtk wksikbsífk, hjìusmv lm jl`bjcjljeme e`l fp`swk d`hìjik fkiusmss`vum vpv `d`fukv hmvupscmuksjkv) Pik e` lkv smvbkv hív ejvujiujtkv e` lmv jhíbì`v e` lm v`sj` Rnju` Wksi Wmjiujib .377>* e` Uvmib Aji(Rmn `v vp jl`bjcjljeme, s`fkss`hkv `vumv vpw`sfj`v ìjbhíujfmv ukwíiekikv fki vjbijfmiu`v vji vjbijfmek, `vu` ò`sfjfjk fkiusmwksikbsífk ikv fklkfm ì pim wkvjfjöi pi umiuk `~usmým, ikv ìdsìum, mwmsìu`hìu`, fki pim jhmbì vji kcoùk, vji s`d`sìu`v, vji `~fpvmv z vji fkmsumemv) Pim vpwl`hìumsjème ik fkiu`hwlmcl`, pim ml`bksèm e` lm jitjvjcjljeme) Ikv ejf` Lmfmi }p` `l wlmf`s `v e`fjcl`, `l bkf` ik lk `v, wms`fj`sm }p` cpìm wmsu` e` lmv jhíbì`v e` Rnju` Wksi Wmjiujib v` pcjfmi, m ejd`sìfjm e`l ejvfpsvk wksikbsífk, ì `l `vwmfjk e`l bkf`, ik e`l wlmf`s) @vumv jhíbì`v e` bkf` vki hív k hìkv jl`bjcl`v, jie`fjcl`v, wkiì ml wksikbsmhm ì ìus`(ejfnk, kw`smiek pim w`st`svjöi e`l ejvfps( vk usmivjumi e` lm usmivbs`vjöi ml jiu`sejfuk (lkik ìus`(ejfnk(, pimwksikbsífk, wksikbsmdèm jhwkvjcl`) @iukif`v, ik ikv fkidpiemhkv, `v `l hktj( hjìuk e` lm usmivbs`vjöi `l }p` mijhm `l b`vuk e` Uvmib Aji(Rmib, vjik, hív cjì, vp kwp`vuk, `l jiu`sejfuk, `l lèhju`, `l t`lk) @l bsmek f`sk e` lm wksikbsmdèm `v, ì e`ijujtm, lm e`vmwmsjfjöi e` lm jhmbì e`l fp`swk z lm mwmsjfjöi e`l fp`swk e` lm jhmbì) Pi msu` e` lm e`vmwmsjfjöi ekie` lmv jhíbì`v jiuìumi nmf`sl` opvujfjm ml v`~k, vkhùj( ek umiumv t`f`v m lm s`d`sìfjm k ml vjbijfmek, ì s`vphjemv fpìumv, m lm kctjème) @i `vu` vìujek, `l pijt`svk e` vjbikv e` lk wksikbsífk s`vplum, m lm lmsbm, pi wkfk mcpssjek z hkiöukik, ì fmhcjk, lm s``vfsjupsm ì `l `vwmfjk e`l msu` e` `v` pijt`svk (pi umiuk wsè`fjcl` z dp`su`hìu` fkej( fmek( wpè` e`wmsmsikv, mdksupimemhìu`, bkkvmv vksws`vmv)

lm hke`sijeme, Hmesje, Maml, 377=, ww) 640(622) 37

Têmv`, Ljiem Npufn`ki, M Un`ksz kd Wmskez, Jlljikjv, Pijt`svjuz kd Jlljikjv Ws`vv, 3777, w) 63)

=0=


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Muurkke, D`kim .è)*, Hmjivus`mhjib v`~? un` v`~pmljmujki kd r`vu`si fplups`, Lkieki, J)C) Umpsjv, 377:) (((( .è)*, wksi)fkh? hmajib vìv` kd kilji` wksikbsmwnz, I`r Zksa, W`( u`s Lmib, 37=7) Cmsun`v, Sklmie, @l wlmf`s e`l u`~uk, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J, =::0) (((( Vme`, Dkpsj`s, Lkzklm, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, =::2) C`vu, T), Fskrl`z, H), Un` i`r wksikbsmwnj`v? `~wljfju v`~ ji s`fìu dsìfn fujki mie lh, Hmifn`vu`s, Hmifn`vu`s Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, 3772)

Fnpsfn Bjcvki, Wmh`lm .è)*, Hks` ejsuz lkkav? bìe`s, wksikbsmwnz mie wkr`s, Lkieki, Csjujvn Djlh Jivujupu`, 3775) Eìijv, A`llz, Msu+Wksi? m njvuksz kd v``jib mie ukpfnjib, K~dkse, C`sb, 377:) Dkpfmplu, Hjfn`l, Vmc`s z T`seme, Hmesje, Lm wj}pùm, =::=) Nmsmrmz, Ekiim O), Fjìfjm, fzcksbv z hpo`s`v, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, =::0) Npufn`ki, Ljiem, M Un`ksz kd Wmskez, Jlljikjv, Pijt`svjuz kd Jlljikjv Ws`vv, 3777) Amphmi, Ljiem V), Hmlmv z w`st`svkv? dmiumvèmv ì lm fplupsm z `l msu` fkiu`hwksíi`kv, Hmesje, Fíuèsm, 3777) Ajwijv, Lmpsm, Ckpie mie bmbbè? wksikbsmwnz mie un` wkljujfv kd dmiumvz ji Mh`sjfm, Epsnmh, Epa` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, 3772) L`nhmi, Wù`s .è)*, Wksikbsmwnz? lh mie fplups`, I`r Cspivrjfa, Spub`sv Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, 3774) HfImjs, Csjmi, Hèjmuè v`~? wksikbsmwnz mie wkvuhke`si fplups`, Lki( eki, Msikle, =::4) (((( Vusjwu`mv` fplups`? v`~, hèjm mie un` e`hkfsmujmujki kd e`vjs`, I`r Zksa, Skpulèb`, 37=7) Hplt`z, Lmpsm, “Wlmf`s tjvpml z fji` imssmujtk‘, ì ì Rmlljv, Csmji .è)*, Msu` e`vwpêv e` lm hke`sijeme, Hmesje, Maml, 377=, ww) 640(622)

=03


I`me, Lziem, @l e`vipek d`hìjik, Hmesje, U`fikv, =::>) Krìv, Fsmjb, “@l jhwplvk ml`bösjfk? fkiusjcpfjki`v m pim u`ksèm e` lm wkvhke`sijeme‘, ì Rmlljv, Csmji .è)*, Msu` e`vwpêv e` lm hke`sijeme, Hm( esje, Maml, 377=, ww) 376(360) Wmmvkiì, V), Ijapiì, A), Vmmsìhmm, L) .è)*, Wksijfmujki? v`~ mie v`~pmljuz ji hèjm fplups`, K~dkse, C`sb, 3772) Vjhh`l, B`ksb, Vkcs` lm mtìupsm, Cmsf`lkim, Wìèivplm, 3773) Vkiumb, Vpvmi, Mbmjivu Jiu`swsùmujki mie Kun`s @vvmzv, I`r Zksa, Wjfm( eks, =::7) Vwsjial`, Miij`, Wkvu(Wksi Hke`sijvu) Hz 30 Z`msv mv m Hplujhèjm Rnk( s`, Vmi Dsmifjvfk, Fl`jv Ws`vv, =::>) Rmsnkl, Miez, Hj lkvkdèm e` M m C z e` C m M , Cmsf`lkim, Upv}pùv, =::>) Rjlljmhv, Ljiem, Nmse Fks`) Wkr`s, Wl`mvps`, mie un` “Dsìz kd un` Tjvj( cl`‘, Fmljdksijm, Pijt`svjuz kd Fmljdksijm Ws`vv, =:::) (((( .è)*, Wksi Vupej`v, Epsnmh, Epa` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, 3775) (((( Vfs`ìjib V`~, Epsnmh, Epa` Pijt`svjuz Ws`vv, 377>) Z`nzm, Imj`d, Wksikbsmdèm? v`~k hèjmujmek z wíijfk hksml, Hê~jfk, Wlm( m Omiêv, 3775)

=06

Lm s`vjvuìfjm e`ve` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv? dìöhìk e` fmkujmfjöi vkcs` pim hí}pjim e` bp`ssm Lpfèm Hklmuks` Pijt`svjeme Miínpmf, ]p`sêumsk Ml i z ml fmck ik wpèk v`s `l ÿijfk}p` v` nm emek fpìum)

Umi ljvuk ik vkz) Völk v` nmi wp`vuk e` mfp`sek ì ik nmclms e` `llk) Hjfnm`l @ie`

@ius` lmv lùsmv musmwmemv wks lmv wíbjimv eìusk e` lkv ljcskv, v` `v( fpfnm mwìmv lm tk e`l Nks e` Hjfnm`l @ie` }p` vpvpssm? “U` sp`bk }p` mf`s}p`v up kèek m hj ckfm, wks lòkv }p` `vuêv e` hè, mnksm z vj`hws`) E` kusk hkek ik wpèk nmf`sh` ìuìe`s wks uj) Z mpi}p` u` mtìbmv m vmujv( dmf`s hj sp`bk }pèmsíi cmvumiu`v v`fsùkv }p` uìesív }p` e`vt`lms wks up fpìum) I`f`vjuk up tk ekie` dmllm lm hèm)‘= Nks `vuí musmwmek, umhcjêi, eìusk e` pi èjfjk bjbmiu`vfk }p` tp`lfm vpv tìumimv nmfjm êl hjvhk) Lm tk e` Nks, pi `fk jiu`shjimcl`, s`ckum fkiusm lmv wmsè`v }p` wkfk m wkfk Nks v` nm jek fkhjìek)

Vjlìfjk Dp`sm e` lm wsjvjöi e` Nks `vuí lm wmsmekom e`l ísckl }p` fm` ì hèjk e`l ckv}p` ekie` imej` lk `vfpfnm, z vp ù`sim ws`bpium? »nmz vkijek ji( flpvk vj ik nmz kèekv wmsm w`sfjcjslk; Nks tjt` vjujmek wks pi vjlìfjk u`ssj( cl`, ik wks lm mpvìfjm e` vkijek) @i `l vjlìfjk kz` vpv wskwjkv wmvkv, kz` `l fspojek e` lkv hpskv }p` e`vbmom, kz` lkv lmujekv e` vp fksmöi z kz` vp tk `vfjiejem, w`sk ik ml ísckl }p` nm fmèek, wks}p` vp vjlìfjk `v jiu`sjks, wks}p` ìus` êl z `l hpiek v` nmi l`tmiumek lmv hpsmllmv }p` lk ìfj`ssmi) Nmcl`hkv e` hpsmllmv) Lm je`m wms`f` v`s fkivuspjs cmss`smv bjbmiu`v( fmv wmsm wsku`b`sikv) E`ve` `l ckse` e`l sèk Zmlp nmvum `l e`vj`suk e`l Bkcj fkssèmi lkv hív e` t`jiu` hjl ajlöhùskv, mlmekv ì `l usmivfpsvk e` fmvj hjl }pjijìukv mýkv, e` lm Bsmi Hpsmllm Fnjim }p` vmltmbpmsemcm ml s`jik e` lkv mum}p`v e` lkv iöhmemv wsktìjìu`v e` Hkibkljm z Hmifnpsjm1 z }p` fkitjsuj`ski ml Jhw`sjk Fnjik ì pim wsjvjöi }p` lkv mlòö e`l hpiek z =

Hjfnm`l @ie`, @l `vwòk ì `l `vwòk, Hê~jfk, Mldmbpmsm, =:::, w)=0

=00

Lm s`vjvuìfjm e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv?

e` lm njvuksjm, fmwm e` e`dìe`slkv e` lkv `~usmio`skv, w`sk ik e` vè hjv( hkv) Z hjìusmv ì Fnjim mÿi fkiujipmcmi l`tmiumiek vp hpsmllm1 ì Jumljm, Vmi Cìjuk e` Ipsvjm ìfkiusö `l f`sfmek w`sd`fuk ì Hkiu`fmvjik, eki( e` dpieö `l wsjh`s hkimvu`sjk jhwìùsmcl`) Fmvujllkv, mcmeèmv z fjpeme`v mhpsmllmemv cskumski wks ukem lm @pskwm hèj`tml fkhk `~usmýkv uphks`v jidsmi}p`mcl`v) Dp`sm }pèmski lkv kuskv1 eìusk fs`fjö pim ip`tm flmv` e` wskupc`smifjm? lm w`vu` cpcöijfm w`shmi`fjö musmwmem wp`sumv meì( usk, z hpz wkfkv lkbsmski vmljs) Lmv dksujfmfjki`v ikv mèvlmi z ikv ejtjeì, vki lm mf`wumfjöi vmltmo` e` ip`vusmv fjtjljmfjki`v, mvè imfj`ski lm Lèi`m Hmbjiku z lm jitjvjcl` Fksujim e` Nj`ssk) Lm fmèem e`l Hpsk e` C`slèi mwmsìuö v`s `l mipifjk e` pim ip`tm dkshm e` fkhwsìvjöi, w`sk umi völk fmhcjö e` lpbms) Nkz `vuí eùsív e`l sèk Csmtk) K ì Fjvoksemijm fkhk ip`tk Hpsk e` lm T`sbüìm, hpz f`sfm e`l Hpsk e` lmv Lmhìumfjki`v, lm nphjle` ìfmsimfjöi e` lm Ukss` e` Cm( c`l }p` ejtje` ml hpiek opeèk e`l hpiek hpvplhíi) @ius` lmv vpsmv e` lm wjèsm e`l Hpsk e` lmv Lmhìumfjki`v lkv w`s`( bsjikv eòmi uífjukv wmw`l`v ekclmekv fki vpv s`vkimiu`v wl`bmsjmv eì( usk, wmsm }p` `l Ejkv e` lkv vjlìfjkv lmv `vfpfn` ì vjlìfjk) Wms`f` sèpi ( emiu`, w`sk ì s`mljeme ik lk `v, v` usmum umi völk e` pim jhws`fjvjöi, z `v }p` dmlumi wmlmcsmv) @i n`cs`k `~jvuì ej`fjvjù` uêshjikv ejd`sìu`v wmsm vjlìfjk) Ikvkuskv völk uì`hkv pik, z vmc`hkv }p` ip`vuskv vjiöijhkv vki mwsk~jhmfjki`v uksw`v? s`v`stm, wspeìfjm, ejvfs`fjöi k jiu`stmlk ÿij( fmhìu` mlpeì ml vjlìfjk, w`sk ik vki êl hjvhk) @i n`cs`k `v wkvjcl` ejvujibpjs lm ejt`svjeme e` vjlìfjkv vji fkidpiejslkv) V` wpè` s`fkikf`s lm tk e` pi vjlìfjk, `v e`fjs, `l vkijek jhw`sf`wujcl`, }p` `v hpz ejvujiuk e`l vjlìfjk }p` v` bpmsem, k e`l vjlìfjk e` }pjì w`shmi`f` hpek1 hpek wks}p` ik ujì` imem }p` e`fjs k hpek wks}p` `vfpfnm e` t`seme) Nmz pi vjlìfjk mcvklpuk, z pi vjlìfjk i`f`vmsjk wmsm kès ml jiu`sjks) @l vjlìfjk e` lm ikfn` }p` ikv w`shju` `vfpfnms lkv wmvkv vjbjlkvkv e` pi bmuk }p` mtmim vkcs` `l u`fnk) @l vjlìfjk jiföhkek }p` vpcsmzm lmv wmlmcsmv }p` ik e`cj`ski v`s wskipifjmemv) @l vjlìfjk `~w`fumiu` e`l hkhìuk miu`v z `l vjlìfjk vkcs`fkbèks e`l hkhìuk e`vwpêv) @l vjlìfjk e` lm hp`su` z `l vjlìfjk e` lm jsm) @l vjlìfjk föhwljf` z `l }p` fìvpsm) Nmz vjlìfjkv fkcms( e`v, vjlìfjkv s``~jtkv, vjlìfjkv jhwp`vukv, z vjlìfjkv v`sìkv) Z lkv vjlìfjkv v` fspmi z v` s`wskepfì ukekv e` pi lmek p kusk e` lmv wmsè`v) Mlbpikv hpskv `~jvuì `vw`fèfmhìu` wmsm jhwèjs }p` vml( bmi lmv tkf`v z lkv vjlìfjkv }p` v` wskepfì ì `l jiu`sjks, wks}p` lkv e` eìusk ik }pj`sì v`s `vfpfnmekv wks lkv e` dp`sm1 kuskv hpskv nmi vjek

=04

dìöhìk e` fmkujmfjöi vkcs` pim hí}pjim e` bp`ssm

l`tmiumekv fki `l wskwövjuk jit`svk, `v e`fjs, wmsm }p` e`ve` `l `~u`sjks ik `vfpfn`hkv m lkv }p` `vuíi e`l kusk lmek) L`tmiumhkv cmsemv }p` `v( fkieì m lkv hmijfkhjkv, m lmv físf`l`v z nmvum m lkv f`hìu`sjkv wmsm }p` ik `vfmwì ij vj}pj`sm lkv vjlìfjkv) Mpi}p`, vj v` mus`tj`smi m vmljs, v`sèmi mwlmvumekv wks `l spjek }p` jipiem lm tjem e` ip`vusmv fjpeme`v, ekie`, fkhk ejf` Emtje l` Csùki,`l ÿijfk vjlìfjk }p` ip`vusmv vkfjème`v fkikfì `v `l wsktjvjkiml e` lm mt`sèm, e`l dmllk e` lm hí}pjim k e` lm usmivhjvjöi jiu`( ssphwjem)3 Lk }p` `v v`bpsk `v }p` pim e` lmv tjsupe`v }p` hív cpvfmhkv ì lkv wp`clkv w`}p`ýkv `v ws`fjvmhìu` `l vjlìfjk) @i `l fmhwk lm t`lkfjeme ejvhjipz`, fkhk vj jiflpvk lm t`lkfjeme e`l vkijek dp`sm hìks) @l spjek `v vpvujupjek wks hÿlujwl`v sjuhkv }p` v` jiu`sfmlmi? `l fmpf` e` pi sèk, lm llp( tjm, `l hpvjums e`l tjìuk, `l phcjek e` lmv mcòmv, lkv wíomskv }p` fmiumi z lkv cÿnkv }p` plplmi v` fkhwl`hìumi fki lkv fkhwmv`v e` lmv fmhwmimv, lm fmeìfjm e` lkv wmvkv usmi}pjlkv e` lkv lpbms`ýkv, lmv sjvmv e` lkv ijýkv) Z, hpfnmv t`f`v, ì `v` hkhìuk e` }pjùpe e`vfpcsjhkv }p` `l mljtjk }p` ikv wskepok `l vjlìfjk hkhìuíi`k ì lm fjpeme völk dp` pim f`vm( fjöi u`fiklöbjfm, ik pim psbìfjm jiu`sjks6) @iukif`v mlbpikv tp`ltì m lmv fjpeme`v wmsm fkcjomsv` ì `l spjek }p` hjujbm vpv wskwjmv tkf`v1 kuskv v` }pèmi wmsm vj`hws` ì lkv wp`clkv1 w`sk lm bsmi hmzksèm mwsìe` m nmf`s tjmo`v e` jem z tp`lum, mÿi m sj`vbk e` eòms pi uj`hwk w`sejek, fkhk `l e` Wskpvu ì Fkhcsmz, fpmiek ì lm ikfn` vmlèm z `vfpfnmcm lkv hmujf`v e`l hktjhjìuk e`l dkllmo` e` mlbÿi fmvumýk, wmsm e`vwpêv `vfsjcjs? “vkcs` m}p`l ik mcvkscèm lkv sphks`v hívv` lòmikv, }p` e`cèmidkiek tìjse` e`vjlìfjk omseji`v}p` vjupmekv ml kuskimem, `~us`hk e`l wp`clk, w`sfjcèmi, eùmllmekv fki uml w`sd`ffjöi±, }p` `v` `d`fuk e` lòmièm wms`fèm }p` lk e`cèmi umi völk m vp wjmijvvjhk±‘) Fkhcsmz `v pi wp`clk h`lmiföljfk e` fmvmv e` wjèsm i`bspfm }p` fkhwmsu` lm usmi}pjljeme fki kuskv wp`clkv e` fklks`v ejvujiukv, fljhmv ejv( ujiukv, ì vjujkv ejvujiukv) E`l kusk lmek e` pik e` lkv wpìu`v vkcs` `l Vmõ( i` v` skhw` lm hkikukièm, z mwms`f` ìukif`v, ìus` lkv ísckl`v, pi lmc`( sjiuk völjek z eksmek, `v Vmjiu SkhmjimpHkiuE‚Ks) Pi wp`clk e` wkfk hív e` hjl nmcjumiu`v, ì `l vps e` Dsmifjm) Vpv fkivuspffjki`v íhcms l` emi pi mvw`fuk e` v`sìm tjumljeme) Lmv fmvmv fki vpv hpskv bsp`vkv z mlukv, vpv tìumimv s`wùjemv e` wkvujbkv f`ssmekv, v` mfkhkemi w`sd`fumhìu` Emtje L` Csùki, Ep vjlìf`? `vvmj e‚miunskwklkbj`, Wmsjv, Hêumjljê .Fkll`fujki Usmt`svê`v*, =::2, w) 5 3

6

Je`h

=02


pim opiuk m kusm ckse`miek lmv vjipkvmv fmll`v }p` wms`fì ukemv jeêiujfmv, w`sk ik lk vki) Ml ekclms pim `v}pjim `l `vwmfjk v` mbsmiem z vpsb` pim dpìu`, pim ukss` k pi msfk }p` eòö kltjemek `l miujbpk mfpèpfuk, wmsm }p` pi wkfk hív me`lmiu`, pim fkivuspffjöi eê wks u`shjimek `l usmz`fuk) Pi wp`clk e` vjlìfjkv z hpsmllmv }p` cjì wkesèm v`s `l èjfjk }p` nmcjum Nks) Z cmomiek wks pim e` lmv fmll`v e` Vmjiu Skhmji, eùsív e` pim fpstm, ukek fmhcjm) @l skhw` lmc`sjiuk f`ssmek }p` ikv eòmcm dp`sm, fki e`l vpv Fmkv) wp`sumv fkhk umwjmv, v` fkiusm lm wmsè mcj`sum e` lm Hksmem Lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv `vuí ske`mem wks pi hpsk w`sh`mcl` }p` lk wsjh`sk }p` ik nmf` `v wsku`b`s, ik `v pi bpmsejíi e` wjèsm, `v pi ejvfpsvk musmt`vm( ek wks pim hplujwljfjeme e` lèi`mv }p` vki lm wj`l e`l u`ssjuksjk }p` ikv nm vmljek ml ìfpìusk) @v `l `vwòk }p`, fkhk `l e` Mljfjm, v` ejvp`lt` z ikv eòm wmvms ml kusk lmek vji eòms e` `vums e` `vu` lmek, wks}p` m}pè ik nmz pi mdp`sm z pi meìusk) Lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv `v pi hpv`k mcj`suk m fj`lk mcj`suk, ekie` lm usmivbs`vjöi `v dmiuívujfm wks}p` lm mc`supsm `v ukuml) Lm fkhwlòjeme e` nìejepsmv v` em ì pim vpw`sfj` }p` ik bpmsem imem, ekie` `l hpsk, wpsm mwmsjìfjm, `v `l fkiujipk e` lm `~u`sjksjeme }p` e` ( tjì` ì e`v`vuspfupsmfjöi fmöujfm) @i `vu` vjujk ukek `v wpìu`, pok jiek( hmcl` }p` fki`fum lmv ejvujiumv upscplìfjmv }p` l` emi ksjbì, }p` ksjbjim z }p` s`t`lmi m lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv fkhk pim mpuêiujfm hí}pjim e` bp`ssm }p` wp`clm ml `vwmfjk ljvk nù`skbêi`k }p` tm pijek m pi ujwk hpz wmsujfp( lms e` hplujwljfjeme`v? lmv hplujwljfjeme`v ik hêusjfmv, mfì( usmemv, sjkhíujfmv, }p` kfpwmi `l `vwmfjk vji “hèjslk‘ z }p` völk v` wpèì “`~wlksms fmhjimiek vkcs` `llmv‘)5 Lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv jssphw` e`vmmiek lm jifkhwsìvjöi) Vp fs`mfjöi w`shmiìu` ejvp`lt` lkv lèhju`v e`l msu` e`ve` lm mckljfjöi e` lkv bêi`( skv, e`ve` lm spwupsm e` lmv dskiu`smv msuèvujfmv) Z `vumcl`f`, m wmsujs e` vp mwmsìu` jifkn`sìfjm, pi kseì ejvujiuk, pim s`tklpfjöi ì lm hjsmem }p` ikv ìdsìum fkhk `vw`fumeks`v fki ip`vusmv `~w`sjìfjmv z `hkfjki`v, fkiusm lkv mcvpsekv, lm fmuívuskd` z lk ji`vw`smek) @v pi “rksa ji wskbs`vv‘ }p` ik eòm e` mljhìumsv` e` ukem flmv` e` hmu`sjml`v usjtjml`v, kcoùkv s`pujljmekv, s`vukv jivjb( 5Bjll`v E`l`p` z D`lj~ Bpmuumsj, Hjl H`vùmv? Fmwjumljvhkv z @v}pjkdsìjm, @vwmým, Ws`(u`~ukv, 3777 w) 624

=0>


ijfmiu`v, e`vn`fnkv s`fkbjekv ì lm fmll`) Lk }p` vkcsm, lk }p` `vukscm ì kusm wmsu`, m}pè fkhwki` lm kcsm ukuml, pim kcsm e` kcsmv) @v lm `vìfjm hjvhm e`l fmkv wp`vum ì `vfìm ì Vmjiu SkhmjimpHkiue‚Ks0 Dsìu` m `vu` `vwmfjk ljvk, fjsfpid`sìfjm vji sèkie`l, ik }pèm hív s`hèjk }p` fkhwmsujs lm e`v`vw`smfjöi e` Cksb`v z s`fpssjs m vp döshplm, wmsm e`vfsjcjs, mÿi m sj`vbk e` }p` }pè` fkiumhjimek wks lm lju`smupsm z lm 4

dmlvème , `vu` ml`wn(hí}pjim(e`(bp`ssm? @i `v` jivumiu` bjbmiu`vfk, n` tjvuk hjllki`v e` mfukv e`( l`jumcl`v k muskf`v1 ijibpik h` mvkhcsö fkhk `l n`fnk e` }p` ukekv kfpwmsmi `l hjvhk wpiuk, vji vpw`swkvjfjöi, vji usmivwmsìfjm) Lk }p` tj`ski hjv kokv dp` vjhpluíi`k? lk }p` usmivfsjcjsê, vpf`vjtk, wks}p` `l lìbpmo` lk `v)2 @l hpsk(h`hcsmim e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv `vuí dkshmek wks `vfmhmv e` wjèsm? ì mlbpimv wmsu`v v` ms}p`m fkhk pi fmvfmsöi1 ì kusmv v` mcs` k vjbp` ì pim s`fum jiejd`sìfjm) Nmz hkhìukv ì }p` e`vmwms`f`, k mp( hìum, k ejvhjipz`) Vpv dsmfupsmv vki n`sjemv mcj`sumv, flmsmckzmv }p` ikv llmhmi, kokv }p` ikv `~mhjimi) Kokv, fjìukv e` kokv fkhk pim ìksh` wj`l e` Msbkv, }p` ikv tì e`ve` ukekv lkv vjlìfjkv) @i fpml}pj`s hkhìuk lkv kokv e` lmv jhíbì`v wjiumemv vkcs` lm wjèsm? Bjll`v E`l`p`, Bmienj, Kvmhm Cji Lmeì, pi ijýk }p` v` llmhmcm Mekld Njul`s, ikv kcv`stmi) Miez Rmsnkl ikv hjsm e`ve` lm vpw`sfj` z O`mi Cmpesjllmse vjhplm }p` ik `vuí mllè) Pivmlmhmiesmv fmeít`s, ukek e` bjv, vùkemv e`ssju`wmsu`v vkcs`cskumi `l fmvfmok vji s`wmsms ì lmv }p`np`llm `vfmwmi) Wks smèf`v, fmcl`v, uskifkv, fíhmsmv e` tjbjlmifjm, wj`mv e` hùml) @ius` tùmv z hpvbk pzì vèhcklkv, lùsmv, fmsmv, mijhml`v, iÿh`skv) Lkv vjlìfjkv `vuíi ukekv, lmv tkf`v umhcjêi? Dkpfmplu mv`bpsm? “E`l nkhcs` ml nkhcs` t`seme`sk, `l fmhjik wmvm wks `l nkhcs` lkfk)‘ Z e`ve` lòkv, kwp`vuk m lkv }pjif` hjl cÿi}p`s`v }p` lkv imjv hkiumski ì lm fkvum e`l Mulíiujfk wmsm usmms lm hpsmllm }p` s`w`l`sèm lkv mum}p`v e` lkv mljmekv1 ikv fkiu`hwlm pi cÿia`s vjhjlms m lm Fmuèsml e` I`t`sv }p` Wmpl Tjsjljk z Flmpe` Wmsìu fkivuspz`( ski fkhk jbl`vjm z s`dpbjk miujmuöhjfk, wks}p` uìèmi smöi z smki`v?

nj`ssz @nshmii z Wnjljww` Ljkumse, Nkiu` ç tkpv, Dsmifjm, Hpvê` l‚Ksbmi`, 377:, w)2 Oksb` Lpjv Cksb`v, “@l ml`wn‘, ì Imssmfjki`v, @vwmým, Cjcljku`fm Cívjfm Vmltmu, =:>3, w) 25) 2Je`h

0 4

=0:


Q․X `v i`f`vmsjk s`wìvms z s`tklpfjkimslk ukek1 ì lm ip`tm vkfjème lm ms}pju`fupsm zm ik fkss`vwkie`sí m lm s`lmfjöi `v( uíujfm t`sujfml(nksjkiuml, vjik m lm “ejiíhjfm)‘> @i lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv s`wmsmhkv ì ukek z imem fpmiek lkv föejbkv, ml h`flmsv` ì `l `vwmfjk, lk e`vu`ssjuksjmljmi z ik vmc`hkv föhk l``s, w`sk s`fkikf`hkv lm fmuívuskd` wks}p` fkiusmsjmhìu` m lmv fsjvjv, }p` ik `v hív }p` `l e`vkseì e` lmv fmpvmv, lm fmuívuskd` `v `l e`ljsjk e` lmv dkshmv :

z e` lmv mwmsjìfjmv) ji}pj`sì lm hp`su` e`vuspffjöi }p`, fkhk `l Bp`sijfm e` Wjfmvvk,Ikv njfj`ski lkv kuskv e`ve` z`llmjiu`sjks e`l @vumek) “E`ve` ukekv lkv wpiukv e` tjvum lm hí}pjim e` bp`ssm `v e` kusm `v( w`fj`, e` kusm imupsml`m, e` kusk ksjbì, }p` `l Mwmsmuk e`l @vumek)‘ =7 @l Mwmsmuk e`l @vumek kfpwm pi `vwmfjk `vusjmek, `v jiu`sjksjeme }p` dkshm wmuski`v }p` dpifjkimi fkhk hke`lkv) @i êl, lm bp`ssm v` jivujupfjkimljm z ikshm, lkv hktjhjìukv v` hjeì z lmv t`lkfjeme`v v` ckv}pòmi miu`v) Nmz tmibpmsejmv z sùmbpmsejmv }p` usmcmomi e`ve` vpv wsífujfmv `vw`fè( fmv, ekie` ukek wpè` v`s fkiu`hwlmek) @l Mwmsmuk e`l @vumek s`bplm z `vuí s`bplmek wks l`z`v hksml`v, wks fkvuphcs`v, wks nícjukv, ekie` fmem jiejtjepk kfpwm vp lpbms ws`(mvjbimek) Mvè vki lmv hpsmllmv ejv`ýmemv wmsm fphwljs vp wmw`l e` s`fnmk, wks}p`, fkhk mshm Dkpfmplu? Vj `v fj`suk }p` `l wke`s wklèujfk nmf` f`vms lm bp`ssm, nmf` s`jims k jiuìum nmf`s s`jims pim wm ì lm vkfjème fjtjl, ik `v wmsm vpvwìe`s lkv `d`fukv e` lm bp`ssm k wmsm i`pusmljms `l e`v`}pjljcsjk wp`vuk e` hmij`vuk ì lmw`swùpmhìu`, cmumllm iml1 `l wke`s wklèujfk, uìesèm `l wmw`l e` s`jivfsjcjs, `vum s`lmfjöi e` dp`sm hèjmiu` pim `vw`fj` e` bp`ssm vjlìfjkvm, e` jivfsjcjslm ì lmv jivujupfjki`v)== Pim mcmeèm, wks ò`hwlk, `v, ì vp dkshm z dpifjkimhjìuk, pi flmsk Mwmsmuk e` @vumek) Wlmijfmemv sjbpskvmhìu`, lmv mcmeèmv `vusèmi `l `v( wmfjk fki vpv fklphimv, wmvjllkv, hpskv z msfkv wmsm bì`sms pi fkiopiuk e` ís`mv f`ssmemv }p` v` fkhpijfmi e` hmi`sm piètkfm) Lkv w`s`bsjikv ìusmi ì `l nkvwjuml, w`sk ik wmvmi omhív e` mllè1 lkv `l`v kfpwmi e` hm( i`sm jiu`shjuìu` lm jbl`vjm) Lkv hkio`v fjsfplmi m nksmv eù`shjimemv z ì Wmpl Tjsjljk, @l wskfèjhjìuk e`l vjlìfjk, Cpìkv Mjs`v, Wmjeöv, 377=, w)=0 O`mi Cmpesjllmse,Lmv `vusmu`bjmv dmuml`v, Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, 3777,w)=4= =7B) E`l`p`, kw, fju, 647 ==Hjfn`lDkpfmplu, Hjfskdèvjfm e`l wke`s, @vwmým, Lm wj}pùm, =::3 w)=7= > :

=47


ejs`ffjki`v ws`fjvmv wks `l flmpvusk) Lmv ìusmemv z vmljemv e` lm vmlm fmwjup( lms, e`l s`d`fuksjk z e` lm cjcljku`fm }pèmi w`sd`fumhìu` wskbsmhmemv, ml jbpml }p` `l usmcmok fki vpv o`sms}pèmv cjì `vumcl`fjemv) Pim mcmeèm, pi fmvujllk d`peml k pi s`jik `v pi Mwmsmuk e` @vumek wsèù`shjimek, }p` `~wplvm, e`ve` vp fkif`wfjöi, fpml}pj`s dkshm e` e`tìjs, z miujfjwmi ejv( fpsvkv z vjlìfjkv) @l msu` `v pim hí}pjim e` bp`ssm, w`sk fpmiek `l @vumek lk s`fkikf`, z wlmi`mukem wmsmdmfplume êl `vusmu`bjmv e` fkiv`stmfjöi, eùjì` ukem e` pok, e` hùmhksdkvjv, ukem wkvjcjljeme e` wkuìfjmljeme e`tìjs, ukem s`( vjvuìfjm) @i lkv hpv`kv fkivuspjekv wks `l @vumek, k ì mlbpikv mhwmsmekv wks êl, ep`sh` `l msu` }p` dp`1 pi msu` vjlìfjmek wks tkf`v mcvklpumv }p` l` kuksbmski `l wke`s e` fmllms fkifjìfjmv e`ve` vp wskwjm hksemm) @i lmv bml`sèmv t`hkv np`llmv z vkhcsmv fpmiek tjvjumhkv lmv vmlmv bpjíiekikv wks lkv v`ýmlmhjìukv, }p` cjì wkesèmi dkshms wmsu` e` lmv jivuspffjki`v e` Opljk Fksuíms) @i `l jiu`sjks e` hpfnkv hpv`kv uskw`mhkv, wks ukemv wmsu`v, fki `fnmv }p` ikv jiejfmi ì }pê hkhìuk vpcjs k ems tp`lum, wsknjcjfjki`v wmsm ukhms dkukbsmdèmv1 w`sk lm ikshm hív ji}pjùmiu` `v lm ws`vìfjm jhwlèfjum e` bpmsems vjlìfjk) Lkv tjvjumiu`v mwìmv ikv mus`( t`hkv m hpshpsms kwjijki`v mhcjbpmv, hjìusmv, ì fpml}pj`s sjiföi e` fpml}pj`s vmlm, mlbÿi bpèm e`l hpv`k hpvjum fpml}pj`s jidksh` w`sujiìu`) @i pi fpìuk, wmsujfplmshìu` fsèujfk ` jsöijfk, @ie` ll`tm m pi nkhcs` z m vp hpo`s ml hpv`k? lm wmsòm fkhwsm lkv cklùkv ì lm um}pjllm, me}pj`s` pi fmuílkbk z ìusm wmsm t`s lm `~wkvjfjöi? “Kcoùkv‘) @i pim wmsè, `vfsjum fki ujium skom, kcv`stmi lm wmlmcsm t`se`1 lm kcsm v` llmhm “lùsmv‘) Ik ì ( ujìeì) Fmvpmlhìu` v` ìfpìusmi fki pi fsèujfk e` msu` }p` l`v `~wljfm föhk opbms pim kcsm hm`vusm? @i wsjh`s lpbms h` ws`bpiuk lk }p` ikv }p`sèm fkhpijfms `l msujvum) Z lp`bk e`fjek vj lkv hèjkv }p` `hwl`m wmsm `llk vki lkv me`fpmekv wmsm vp hìvmo`) @vum lmum f`ssmem wks ukekv lmekv `~ws`vm lm jhwkvjcjljeme w`sd`fum e` fpml}pj`s fkhpij( fmfjöi) Imem jiu`sjks vml` dp`sm, imem `~u`sjks mlfmim `l jiu`( sjks) @l msujvum ikv fkhpijfm e` hmi`sm jhws`vjkimiu` }p` ik `~jvu` ijibpim wkvjcjljeme e` fkhpijfmfjöi wmsm ikvkuskv) Z `l hèjk e` `vu` hìvmo` `v ukumlhìu` fkitjifìu`)=3

=3

H) @ie`,kw),fju, =6=

=4=


Mvè, lm wmsòm jiuìum mwljfms lm döshplm, w`sk ik lkbsm mimljms ijibpim kcsm vjbpjìek lmv jivuspffjki`v e`l fsèujfk z vml` e`vìfmiumem e`l hpv`k) @vw`s`hkv }p` lm wmsòm v` wj`sem, }p` v` wj`sem nmvum }p` kltje` uk( emv lmv ejs`ffjki`v, ukekv lkv hmwmv, ukekv lkv ikhcs`v1 wmsm }p` fmhji` wks pi hpiek ip`tk fkhk iöhmemv }p` pzì wks `vwmfjkv mcj`sukv) Iö( hmemv vj`hws` m hèjk fmhjik) Mvè, mlbÿi eèm, vji vmc`s föhk, `vumsíi `l wsjh`s ekhjibk e` opljk, epsmiu` lmv `vumv wmuskiml`v, f`sfm e` lm ukss` e`l s`lko e`l vjblk ^T,}p` ì e`tjì` Vmjiu(Skhmji(mp(Hkiu(e‚Ks) mllè,e`l ws`vì( fjmsíi `l ìusmhmek e`l wke`s ljc`smek ìZlme`ve` Hksmem Fmkv) Ik `vfpfnmsíi `~wljfmfjki`v ij juji`smsjkv, w`sk hpfnmv tkf`v dkshplmsíi wmlmcsmv vp`lumv }p` v` msujfplmsíi, ik fkhk ejvfpsvkv, vjik fkhk wk`hmv, fkhk fmifjki`v e` ijýkv, fkhk `vlöbmi`v jifìejmsjkv, fkhk lmv ìpi( fjmfjki`v }p` e`vwlj`bmi e`v`kv ì hktjhjìuk w`shmiìu`) E`ve` mllè, ip`vuskv iöhmemv v`síi ukemv lmv hjsmemv, e`vfpcsjsíi `l smvusk eòmek wks pi hù`ksjuk }p` }pj`s` v`s wlmumdkshm wùskl`sm k t`síi m lmv fíhm( smv e` tjbjlmifjm tjìek `l skvusk e` pi ejfumeks }p` wsùìe` v`s fj`bk) Mnksm vki iöhmemv, wks `vk vìujsíi lkv lìbpmo`v e` hpfnkv, lkv sp( hks`v e` ukekv lusmekv ì `l mjs` usmivwmsìu`)Mpbê mshm }p` `l ùiölk( bk vj`hws` nm vìujek lm uìumfjöi e` ìuìe`s `l `vwmfjk, lm fplupsm, lk vkfjml z ml jiejtjepk fkhk vj v` usmumsm e` s`lmfjki`v usmivwmsìu`v)=6 hjìusmv }p` `l ms}pju`fuk }pj`s` jivfsjcjs ì lm dkshm }p` fkivuspz` pim jiuìfjöi, pim mlpvjöi z pi vìujek)=5 Unj`ssz @nshmii `v mvè, ml hjvhk uj`hwk, `l ùiölkbk }p` l`` lkv smvbkv `vìfjml`v e` pim fplupsm e` mwmsjìfjm mwkfmlèwujfm, lkv usmkv e` vpv s`lmfjki`v vkfjml`v, z, e`ve` lm fs`mfjöi, `l jhmbjimsjk z lm h`( hksjm e` lkv jiejtjepkv }p` nmcjumi ì lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv1 w`sk `v ml hjv( hk uj`hwk `l ms}pju`fuk }p` `vfsjc`, ì pim mwmsìu` fkidpvjöi mf`l`smem, lmv dkshmv `~u`sjks`v tjvjcl`v z vpv jiu`sjks`v wkvjcl`v }p` emi lpbms m sè`v uòjemv wks fkhwlòkv vjbijfmekv, ekie` ukek `l `vwmfjk `v vèhcklk e` e`v`kv, wmvjki`v, njvuksjmv z wskz`fukv, ì pim löbjfm `~usmýèvjhm) Lm tk, `vfsjupsm z l`fupsm e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv v` jivfsjc` z v` jiu`swsùm vkcs`z ìus` lèi`mv dpbmf`v, fpmiek `l `vwmfjk `v pi ù`sik lpbms e` fs`mfjöi }p` fmhcjm fkivumiu`hìu`)

=6 =5

=43

Hmsf Mpbê, Djffjki`v e` i e` vjblk, Bèjvm, Cmsf`lkim, 377=, :: w) Jcje)


Ijibpim jiu`swsùmfjöi `v jie`l`cl`, mvè }p`, uml t`,v`sèm hòks pjs wks `l `vwmfjk e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv z w`shmi`f`s ì vjlìfjk wmsm `vfpfnms lkv s`lmukv }p` ikv vmlì ml ìfpìusk, s`lmukv }p` ikv bsjumi }p` lkv muì ( umekv e`l == e` v`wuj`hcs` e` 377= ì Ip`tm Zksa dp`ski `l wpiuk e` dsmf( upsm e`l }p` wmsu` Unj`ssz @nshmii z vp fkl`fujtk msuèvujfk, wmsm fs`ms pim mwklkbèm e` `vfìmv hèjíujfmv e` fmuívuskd`v) Lm msujfplmfjöi e`l `vwmfjk fki vpv hív e` us`v hjl us`vfjìumv kcsmv }p` lm dkshmi, `vuí wlmiu`mem fkhk lm je`m e` kcsm e` msu` ukuml, pim `vw`fj` e` dpvjöi ksbíijfm e` `vuj ( lkv1 lm hmijd`vumfjöi e` pim pukwèm hmsfmem wks `l vp`ýk e` fkhwlùjupe, ekie` lm mwmsìu` e`vuspffjöi `v umi völk `l wsjifjwjk }p` wkvjcjljum pim `~wkvjfjöi }p` v` kvuìum `lpvjtm) @i lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv uskw`mhkv fki vjlìfjkv, tkf`v, bsjukv, lmhì( ukv z vpvwjskv }p` hmimi e` wjèsmv z hùml`v }p` v` fkhwkiì,fkhk pi `~usmýk fksk e` fmsmfkl`v e` hms, `l .e`v*fkifj`suk) Ikv llmhmi pi n`( ljföwu`sk miesmokvk, fmwmsmki`v e` fkfn`v mcsmvmekv, usì`v e`vfmssjlm( ekv, pi umi}p` e` bp`ssm, lkv u`fnkv z lkv vp`lkv1 `vfplupsmv mhìmmiu`v e` èjfjkv(msmým, fkiuìèks`v e` tmfèk msujfjml) Nj`ssk, wjèsmv, tjesjk, ísckl`v, mf`sk, uj`ssm, fkifsùk) Vji `hcmsbk, ì lkv ekf` hjl hùskv fpm ( esmekv }p` wplvmi ì Vmjiu(Skhmji(mp(Hkiu(e‚Ks, fki ukemv vpv fjfmusjf`v, vp t`bùmfjöi, vp fmvm e`l vjblk ^TJJ mwìmv s`fkikfjcl`, vp mlc`sfm }p` ml ( bpimv t`f`v vmibsm, vpv fmhjikv, vpv sjifki`v z vpv `vfkieju`v, lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv ujì` ì mlbpik e` vpv fìuskv pi fksmöi }p` ukek lk t`, fkhk pi kok e` Vmpski }p` fpvukejm m lm Hksmem, }p` ukek lk `vfpfnm, z e`ve` ekie` @nshmii ukek lk kcv`stmbsmfjmv ì lkv hpfnkv hkijuks`v }p` ske`mi, fm( llmemhìu` e`ve` vp `vfsjuksjk, m pi òêsfjuk e` hkikv tklmeks`v fkit`sujekv ì fíhmsmv fklkfmemv wks ukemv wmsu`v1 vpv hjl kokv e` wmi( umllm l` w`shjuì v`s `l e`hjpsbk khijws`vìu` e` pi mwkfmljwvjv s`ml, ì uj`hwk s`ml, wmsm bsjums fki lmv tkf`v e` lkv }p` nmi vjek mhksemmekv wks lm hp`su`, `l wke`s k `l kltjek) E`ve` `l jivöljuk wmiöwujfk e` @nshmii wke`hkv t`s, ì mlbÿi vjujk e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv, Lm _kim F`sk fki vpv spjimv s`fjìu`v, i`cplkvm z ì vjlìfjk) Kusm fíhmsm ikv hp`vusm föhk v` l`tmiumi, mnksm, lmv Ukss`v B`( h`lmv usmivwmsìu`v? Tmijeme`v e` fsjvuml }p` `~flmhmi vp s`bs`vk m pim tjem `vw`fusml) @l tjesjk t`se` `v usjwl`hìu` usmivwmsìu`) Wks pi lmek, `v pi uÿi`l s`dplbìu`, t`se` `vh`smlem }p` jivfsjc` lkv v`fsùkv e` N`sh`v Usjh`bjvuk ì pi wmvmek }p` v` nmf` ws`vìu`1 wks kusm wmsu`, vp “usmivwm( sìfjm imupsml ejs`fum‘ ikv w`shju` t`s m usmtêv e` êl, `v pi uskhw` l‚k`jl e`l uj`hwk imupsml z usmvlpfjek1 imlhìu`, pim usmivwmsìfjm mwmsìu` nmclm e` lm je`m wskdpiem e` vp vkikhèm, lm vpw`sfjmljeme e`l RksleUsm(

=46


e` Fìu`s v` e`vtmi`fjö ì `l `vwmfjk fpmiek lkv mtjki`v v` jhwmfumski fkiusm lkv èjfjkv, w`sk `l uj`hwk, ik) Lm `vfplupsm `v `l fìusk e` vp pij( t`svk, `l vkl bjsm m vp mlsèèks wmsm jlphjimslm, z ì `vum usmvlmfjöi `l t`se` fmvj lè}pjek v` vkljejfm ì pi clmifk jhwìùsmcl` }p` lk usmivdkshm ì `l Hkikljuk e` Vumil`z Apcsjfa) Pim dkshm jhwkvjcl` e` usmivwmsìfjm, pimusmivwmsìfjm jiejs`fum }p` ikv jlphjim) Lm usmiv(mwmsjìfjm e` Wmpl Tjsjljk, }p` m}pè, ì Vmjiu(Skhmji(mp(Hkiu(e‚Ks, `v pim hmijd`vumfjöi e` `~usmu`ssjuksjmljeme, wks}p` “m lm usmivwmsìfjm e`l `vwmfjk, usmivwmsìfjm e`l nksjkiu` e` ip`vuskv tjmo`v, e` ip`vuskv s`fkssjekv vpfè`sí ìukif`v pim usmivwmsìfjm fmuöejfm‘ , `v e`fjs, `vumhkv mnksm jlphjimekv wks `l tj( esjk t`se` e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv }p` ll`bm m lm t`lkfjeme e` lm lp, z wpè` cskums e`ve` lm wmiumllm e` pi hkijuks e` fkhwpumeksm, fki lm lp ejvumiu` e` pi eèm }p` zm ik `vuí, vjhjlms m lm lp e` lmv `vus`llmv }p` t`hkv, w`sk ik ì lm ikfn`, m vjhwl` tjvum, vjik lm lp lòmièvjhm fmwumem wks u`l`vfkwjkv `l`fusöijfkv? hjsmem öwujfm e` lp usmivmwmsìu`, hjsmem vjlìfjkvm }p` ikv ji}pj`s` e`ve` `l wmvmek) Ml hìkv, ukemtèm, ukemv ip`vusmv lpf`v, `h`somi e` ekie` v`m, vki lp( f`v `vìfjmlhìu` s`ml`v, `v e`fjs, lmv fkivujupzì dkuki`v e` imupsml`m jeêiujfm z `h`sbì e` dpìu`v }p` lmv wskz`fumi, fki hmzks k hìks ji( uìvjeme lphèijfm, w`sk m lm hjvhm t`lkfjeme, fki lk fpml mÿi vkhkv fmwm( f`v fkhwsìe`s lkv dìöhìkv fkhpi`v e` tjvjcjljeme z tjvpmljeme, mlbk }p` v`sèm dsmifmhìu` fkhwljfmek vj, fkhk ì “Lp tjsupml‘ , lmv jhíbì`v v` wskepo`smi ejs`fumhìu` ì `l f`s`csk vji i`f`vjeme ij e` kokv ij e` lp, fkhk ì lkv vp`ýkv, fkhk ì lmv w`vmejllmv) Tjmomhkv m lm t`lkfjeme e` lm lp ì t`nèfplkv `vuíujfkv) Lkv juji`smsjkv v` s`mljmi ì vìujek jit`svk? ik tmhkv ikvkuskv m mlbpim wmsu`, lkv vjujkv .ikv* ll`bmi1 lm ejvumifjm `v jhw`sf`wujcl` ì `l uj`hwk ws`vìu` e`l jiv( umiu` e`l tjmo`) Lkv e`vwlmmhjìukv zm ik vki i`f`vmsjmhìu` s`fkssjekv, mnksm, ekcl`hìu` mnksm, wpèì v`s pcjfpkv? usmz`fuksjmv mcvklpumv) Lkv `~usmio`skvnmi e`vmwms`fjek, z, ì vp lpbms, bspwkv e` pvpmsjkv e`mhcp( lmi vkcs` h`hcsmimv tjsupml`v z vkcs`wp`vumv e` pim ip`tm Uj`ssm vjiuê( ujfm e` cjuv? lkv hmwmv }p` vpwlmiumi ml u`ssjuksjk ì pim vjhplmfjöi je`ml “vki lkv t`vujbjkv e` lk s`ml‘) V`bÿi Rjlljmh Bjcvki `l dpupsk zm `vuí m}pè, mpi}p` hml ejvusjcpjek) Lm blkcmljmfjöi, e`ve` vp wmsmekom, jiu`bsm völk m pim wmsu` e`l wlmiùm1 lm kusm }pèm fkhwlùmhìu` mdp`sm, mpi}p` dp`sm ik `v `l uêshjik fkss`fuk) Vj wìvmhkv }p` wmsm ìusms ì hpfnmv e` lmv fjpeme`v }p` fkikf`hkv, cmvum fki dsmi}p`ms pim wp`sum k wmvms wks e`cmok e` pi Msfk e` Usjpidk

=45


k, fkhk ì `l fmvk e` Cpem z W`vu, völk v` i`f`vjum fspms `l wpìu` wmsm js e` pim m kusm z usmvwki`s lm lèi`m }p` hmsfm lm dskiu`sm1 `l }p` `vuí e`l kusk lmek `v `l hpiek blkcml, `v ml }p` vmljhkv fpmiek mffè`hkv, ik m usmtêv e` pim wp`sum wmsm ìusms ì, vj ik pvmiek jiu`sdmf`v }p`, ì vjlìfjk, ikv usmvlmemi m) S`fkssjekv }p` nmf`hkv bpjmekv wks lmmsjllkv e` jidkshmfjöi }p` fkhwkiì lkv vjvu`hmv e` v`ýmljmfjöi? hpekv wjfukbsmhmv wkvuhk( e`sikv }p` ik ejfì imem, }p` v`ýmlmi ì vjlìfjk, z v` l`tmiumi fkhk ip`( tmv hpsmllmv? pim hpsmllm ukuml) Ml hpsk }p` v` l`tmium ìus` `l hpiek tjsupml z `l kusk hpiek, lm Hk( smem e`l Fmkv v` mvkhm fkhk fs`mfjöi L`rjv Fmsskll, ì `~usmým t`svjöi fzc`swpia, wmsm t`s `l kusk op`bk e` moès` }p` `v `l hjvhk, w`sk ik v` wms`f` ì imem z e`ve` pi lmek z kusk fspm pi pok fkivumiu`, m lm t`lk( fjeme e`l vkijek, m t`f`v1 síwjek fkhk lm lp kusmv) W`sk v`m lk }p` dp`sm }p` vpfèm, lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv `v `vìfjmlhìu` pim hí}pjim e` bp`ssm wks vè hjvhm, z fkhk uml lm .e`v*fkikf` `l bkcj`sik e` Bsìkcl` z `l Mzpi( umhjìuk e` Vmjiu(Skhmji(mp(Hkiu(e‚Ks, }pjì`v, cmvmekv ì wsjifjwjkv }p` e`iì }pê `v `l msu` z föhk e`c` wskepfjsv`, ij`bmi }p` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv wkv`m ijibÿi tmlks msuèvujfk) @vuk v`sèm pi usjpidk wmsm `l msu` z ik s`vplumsèm ji}pjùmiu`, vj ik dp`sm wks}p` `l `vwmfjk e` w`shmiìu` e` e`v`vuspfupsmfjöi }p` usmivdkshm `l hpv`k z m êl hjvhk, `v pi èjfjk e`l vjblk ^TJJ, mnksm jss`fkikfjcl`) Lm mlfmle`vm Dsmiâkjv S`t`l z `l Fkivòk Hp( ijfjwml e` Vmjiu SkhmjimpHkiue‚Ks nmi fkiujipmek pi opjfjk, jijfjmek ep( smiu` lm mehjijvusmfjöi miu`sjks, }p` kcljbm m Unj`ssz @nshmii m s`vumpsms fkhwlùmhìu` lm fkivuspffjöi, mpi}p` wmsm `llk v`m ji`lpejcl` e`vuspjs lmv us`v hjl ekvfjìumv kcsmv }p` vki `l fp`swk, vj`hws` vji ösbmikv, e` lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv) Lm mlfmleèm e` Vmjiu(Skhmji v` kwki` m lm `~jvuìfjm e` pi hpv`k }p` ik v` menj`s` m lkv lji`mhjìukv `vumcl`fjekv wmsm lm fkiv`stmfjöi e` lkv hkiphìukv njvuösjfkv) Z Unj`ssz @nshmii fp`vujkim, ì `v` vìujek, `l wmw`l e` ws`v`stmfjöi }p` nm e`v`hw`ýmek `l @vumek, wks}p`, miu`v e` lm fkivuspffjöi e`l vjblk ^TJJ, npck, ì `v` hjvhk lpbms, pi u`hwlk wsk( u`vumiu` }p` `l @vumek e`hkljö) M fmhcjk e` s`vwp`vumv lm mlfmleèm ìus`( bm vjlìfjkv z fjumuksjkv) Lm Vpws`hm Fksu` e` Opvujfjm e` Dsmifjm, ì 377>, miplö lm mw`lmfjöi }p` @nshmii kcuptk ì lm Fksu` e` Lzki) M iml`v e` 377: lm Fksu` e` Bsìkcl` ejk vp dmllk e`ijujtk? @l èjfjk }p` kfpwm lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv e`c` v`s s`vumpsmek wks fkhwlùk ì pi wlmk ik hmzks m lkv ip`t` h`v`v)

=40


Fkhk wmsu` e` lm fkhwlòjeme e` s`vjvuìfjmv }p` v` bì`smi ì lm Hk ( smem e`l Fmkv, m wsjifjwjkv e` 37=7, Unj`ssz @nshmii ws`vìuö `l fmvk dsì( u` m lm Fksu` @pskw`m e` lkv E`s`fnkv Nphmikv, wmsm wèjs }p` v` s`vwù` lm ljc`sume e` `~ws`vjöi z lm ljc`sume e` fs`mfjöi) Pim s`vjvuìfjm }p` tm ì fkiusm e` lm dkshm hív cspuml e` jiukl`smifjm? `l vjlìfjk jijbjek) Hjìusmv umiuk, z nmvum }p` `l ml`bmuk ik v` e`vmsskll` ì lm Fksu` @pskw`m, imej` wpè` wsè`fjs }pê tkf`v k vjlìfjk wskepfjsí lm Hksmem e`l Fmkv) Hksmem e`l Fmkv `v `l `vwmfjk ljvk e` `~u`sjksjeme z e`vpcoùjtm( ek, Lm wkvjcjljumek wks `l ìfpìusk fmöujfk e`wpsm pokv }p` wpèì k ik fspms( v` wmsm e`tìjs ukek `l uj`hwk) Ik `v vjhwl`hìu` pi w`sdkshmif` ekie` `l hkuks `v `l jifìejmsjk e` hjsmemv vpcksejimemv) V` usmum, vkcs` ukek, e` pim t`seme`sm wsktkfmfjöi }p` wskz`fum s``~jki`v nù`skbêi`mv) Vj fkhwsìe`hkv }p` `l fmkv fkiepf` ml hpiek, `v i`f`vmsjk lmimsv` ml tm( fèk wmsm wìvms ejd`sìu`, wmsm fkivuspjs pi e`tìjs ejd`sìu`, wmsm tjtjs e` hmi`sm ejd`sìu`) Vj ik ìuìe`hkv `vk ml vmljs e` lm Hksmem ik n`hkv fkhwsìejek imem z }pèms`hkv fkieìmekv, fkhk Nks, m `vfpfnms lkv vjlìfjkv jhwp`vukv wks lkv hpskv }p` ikv ìfmsf`lmi)=0

=0

=44

U) @nshmii, kw) fju), w) =>


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Mpbê, Hmsf, Djffjki`v e` i e` vjblk,Cmsf`lkim,Bèjvm, 377=) Cmpesjllmse, O`mi, Lmv `vusmu`bjmv dmuml`v,Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm,3777) Cksb`v, Oksb` Lpjv, “@l ml`wn,‘ ì Imssmfjki`v,@vwmým,Cjcljku`fm Cívjfm Vmltmu, =:>3) E`l`p`, Bjll`v z BPMUUMSJ, D`lj~? Hjl h`vùmv,@vwmým, Ws`(U`~ukv, =::>) @nshmii, Unj`ssz, Clkb lm E`h`ps` ep Fnmkv, ì?nuuw?++clkb)`nshmii) ksb+ @nshmii, Unj`ssz, L‚@vwsju e` lm E`h`ps` ep Fnmkv, Dsmifjm,Hpvê` l‚Ksbmi`, 377:) @nshmii, Unj`ssz, Lzkumse, Wnjljww`? Nkiu` ç tkpv,Dsmifjm,Hpvê` e` l‚Ksbmi`, 377:) @ie`, Hjfnm`l, @l `vwòk ì `l `vwòk, Hê~jfk,Mldmbpmsm, =:::) Dkpfmplu, Hjfn`l, Hjfskdèvjfm e`l wke`s, @vwmým,Lm wj}pùm, =::3) Bjcvki, Rjlljmh, Lp tjsupml, @vwmým,Hjikumpsk, 3775) L` csùki, Emtje ,Ep vjlìf`? `vvmj e‚miunskwklkbj`) Wmsjv, Hêumjljê .Fk( ll`fujki Usmt`svê`v*, =::2) Wskpvu, Hmsf`l,@i cpvfm e`l Uj`hwk W`sejek? =) Wks `l fmhjik e` Vrmii, @vwmým, Mljmim, 3776) Tjsjljk, Wmpl,@l wskfèjhjìuk e`l vjlìfjk,Cpìkv Mjs`v, Wmjeöv, 377=)

=42

Fmllms fkhk `vusmu`bjm Npbk Fnít` Hkiesmböi Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk

Nmclms, nmclms, nmclms, nmclms, nmclms))) = @ipifjmek, s`vwp`vum, bpjýk, cjuv, e`j~jv, emukv z föejbkv) Vp`ýkv s`mlj( mekv? hpiekv jiijukv }p` v` `~ujìeì fki`fumekv z ìus` lkv fpml`v v` wpè` imt`bms) Lm sè) @vfìmsjkv, kimv, vjujkv, mhcjìu`v, wkclmfjki`v z pijt`svkv fkhk lm clkbkvd`sm z lkv wkefmvu) Wpcljfmfjki`v jie`wìejì( u`v, kwjijki`v, nmclm, pim hùívumvjv e` fklkfms pi fkhìumsjk e`vwpêv e` kusk, v`mi }pjijìukv fmsmfu`s`v, v`m pi vjbik e` jiu`sskbmfjöi) Mwm( sjìfjm, usmivmwmsjìfjm z usmivwmsìfjm) Lmv sè`v vkfjml`v v` hmiujìì cmok pi wkvuplmek? }pjì mffè` m `llmv vj`hws` ujì` mlbk }p` e`fjs1 pim wmlmcsm vkcsmem, pi uìvmek mcvpsek e`l lìbpmo` k ì vp e`d`fuk nmz mwlj( fmfjki`v }p` mfuÿmi e` hmi`sm mpukhíujfm wmsm }p` vj`hws` nmzm mlbk z lp`bk kusm fkvm z wpèmv mfsèjumsu` pi fnpvfk mwksu`) Ml “msu` wks `l msu`‘ wms`f` v`bpjsl` `l nmclm wks `l nmclm) Lm `sm e`l tmfèk e`l lìbpmo`1 e`l vìujek1 e`l vìujek e`l lìbpmo` z lm fkhpijfmfjöi) Pim hkemljeme e`l hml z vp wsjifjwjk ì lmv fmssù`smv e`l 7 z =) @l ejvwkvjujtk e` `vfsjupsm bsjum? ¡Nmclm-, ej, fkhìum, `vfsjc`, wpcljfm․ nm pjs lm tk z lm lùsm wks}p` e` lk fkiusmsjk lm hí}pjim e` ejvfpsvk wp`( e` t`sv` md`fumem ì vpv ìbsmimo`v) M `vu` ijt`l `l vjlìfjk `v pi vmckumo`) Mpi}p` ik v` usmu` e` imem, vjik völk e` lk vpfjìu`, e` lm mpvìfjm e` `~wljfmsv` ì pim lùmièm wl`bmem, wl`bmem, wl`bmem z s`wl`bmem, fki hjl msbphìukv1 pik vkcs` kusk, kusk, kusk) M lm döshplm e` Cmsul`cz v` kwki` lm döshplm e` wmlmcsmv bì`smi wmlmcsmv) Mpimek m }p` wms`fj`sm }p` `l nmclmiu` z `l `vfsjuks vki lkv fplwmcl`v e` lm jbiksmifjm e` }pjì nmf` }p` l`v `vfpfnm k l``) Mpvìfjm e` fìvpsm, ws`vìfjm e` pim fmu`stm e` ejvfpsvkv) @tkfms ml e`s`fnk ml vjlìfjk ik wpej`sm s`vplums hív w`sujiìu`)

=4:

Fmllms fkhk `vusmu`bjm

3 Nmf`s nmclms ml e`ljifpìu`, ml w`fmeks, lp`bk ml lkfk, e`vwpêv ml ijýk z wks ÿlujhk m ukekv wp`v `l msbphìuk `v }p` imej` e`c` e` }pèmsv` fmllmek zm }p` m}p`llk bì`sm vpwp`vukv `vumekv e` hml`vums z ìukif`v tjì`v s`ws`vjki`v }p` ksjbjimi `vumekv vkhmujmekv) Ukekv kfpwmi pi wvjfkmimljvum, wvj}pjmusm k wvjfölkbk) @v` `v ì cpìm wmsu` `l jibìjkvk h`fmijvhk e` mv`bpsmfjöi lmcksml wks hèjk pi fkiu`~uk wmuklkbjmek ekie` vpwp`vumhìu` v` nmclm mpi}p` ik vè`wskipifj` tkfmclk mlbpik) N` m}pè pi e`ljsjk jiu`swsùmujtk, jhmbjimfjki`v e` pim wskdpiejeme e` ep( ekvm `~jvuìfjm) Pi nksjkiu` f`sfmik m `vum w`svw`fujtm `v lk }p` usmcmom @isj}p` Tjlm( Hmumv ì vp Cmsul`cz z fkhwmýèm¾ ekie` fkhwmýèm vki fj`sukv mpuks`v }p` v` ìfmokimi ì “Lm lju`smupsm e`l IK‘ = }p` wsùìe` `vums e`ijem wks pi usmphm fkhk “wplvjöi i`bmujtm‘ 3) Fki `llk `l mpuks ejf` “s`fkikf`s‘ pim fkivu`lmfjöi e` cmsul`czv }p` sìpifjm m `vfsjcjs, wks}p` e` ikfn`, fkhk fki lkv kokv f`ssmekv, ukekv lkv bmukv vki wmsekv) Z `v }p` ik v` i`f`vjumi lpf`v i`öi wmsm ikums lm löbjfm e` lm WS@D@( S@IFJM mlsèèks e` Cmsul`cz z `vm `v lm fkibpsmfjöi e`l ws`vìu` u`~uk, wp`v völk fpmiek v` vmc` }p` v` wpè` k ik nmf`s `v fpmiek lm ws`d`sì( fjm ujì` lpbms) Dp`sm e` `llk v` usmum e` Vèvjdk z @ejwkv e` lm `vuspfupsm wmwí(hmhí, opvuk `vkv }p` E`l`p` ikv jitjum m e`vfmsums z mvè ik vkdkfms ìpifjmekv6) Vji nmc`s ukfmek pi FWP Cmsul`cz `v pi nmfa`s)

@isj}p` Tjlm(Hmumv, Cmsul`cz z fkhwmýèm, @vwmým, Mimbsmhm, 3773) w) =3) Jcèe`h) 6Bjll`v E`l`p`, “Lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` lkv ìpifjmekv ì‘ Ekv s`bèhì`v e` lkfkv, Tmlìfjm, WS@(

= 3

U@ÛKV, 3772)

=27

fmllms fkhk `vusmu`bjm

@l vjlìfjk fkhk ws`d`sìfjm @i Cmsul`cz nmz wks lk hìkv ekv kcoùkv u`ssksèfkv5 ì `l vìujek e` Flêhìu Skvvù z `vk völk ljhjuíiekikv m lm fmsmfu`sèvujfm dsmv`? J rkple ws`d`s iku uk z `l vjlìfjk wkvu`sjks m lm dsmv`) @v fkhk pim ckhcm z lm v`( wplfsml mpvìfjm wkljdöijfm v`fpìfjml) Lm dsmv` `v s`ml z ik ejf` kusm fkvm, wks}p` vjhwl`hìu` ik ujì` imem hív }p` e`fjs, e`cjek m }p` fki `llm zm v` nm ejfnk vpfjìu`}p` fkilm`vumv wmlmcsmv miujhjvumböbjfmv) Dsmv` vji vmcl`, e`j~jv, dsmv` lk eùkimfjöi wsjh`sm t` eòm hkhìuíi`mhìu` nm( clm ml mckbmek z ì lm v`bpiem lk fkitj`su` ì `vumupm e` vml fkhk pim tm( sjmiu` bpsmujtm e`l vjlìfjk) Zm Hèpvm fkiv`bpèm pi s`vplumek v`hòmiu` fki vp hjsmem ejs`fum? `l vpvwìv`) Lm wsjifjwml ejd`sìfjm `v }p` lm Bksbkim wskepfèm pi `d`fuk w`shmiìu`, hjìusmv }p` `l vjlìfjk e` `vumupm e` vml `v hkhìuíi`k1 mvè wp`v `l vjlìfjk e` vkejk ik `v lk hjvhk }p` `l vjlìfjk e` skfm) Lm wskwp`vum `v t`s ì Cmsul`cz pi `vusmu`bm, fki vp wlmi, pi nkhcs` e` kusm `vw`fj` .}pjí e` pim `vw`fj` umi `~usmým m lk nphmik }p` ik wp`( em fkivje`sísv`l` nkhcs`0* w`sk }p` ll`tm ì vp döshplm m(bsmhíujfm pi lkvk vmcl` }p` u` fksum fki völk `vfpfnmslk? lm löbjfm e` lm ws`d`sìfjm }p` e`vmshm ml wke`s, u`fiklkbèm cêljfm wmsm êwkfmv `~us`hmv e`l lìbpmo` t`svjöi fmllmem ì lkv `vumekv e` ìsms`fjhjìuk v`fplms) @l ejvwkvjujtk e` wke`s ukwm fkiusm pi s`t`svk? lm ws`d`sìfjm, fmpvmiek muskm ì lm hm}pjimsjm }p` ik vmc` föhk s`vwkie`s miu` pim vjupmfjöi mvè, wks}p` fpmiek `l wke`s ik `vuí wmsm v`s ò`sfjek vjhwl`hìu` ik `vuí) Mvè wp`v, `l vèiukhm Cmsul`cz jhwljfm ik u`h`s wks `l fkvumek w`zksmujtk wskljd`smiu` ml }pèmsv` fmllmek) Mfuk v`bpjek tìumimv e` mlmshm v` e`v( wlj`bmi wks ukek `l hkijuks ik völk e` pim Wf .`l mckbmek*, vjik e` ukek `l v`stjeks z wks `llk pi dmllk ì `l vjvu`hm v` mv`hòm m lkv `vusmbkv wpiupm( l`v }p` fmpvm Cmsul`cz ì lkv mhmipìv`v, lp`bk ì lkv ip`tkv ji}pjljikv e` lmv kfjimv z nmvum ì `l w`svkiml e` lm wsjvjöi ekie` imlhìu` fkiflp( z` vpv eèmv) @vu` s`fjêi fkiusmumek mhmipìv` kw`sm fpml u`ssksjvum1 fki vp “@iuìe`hkv wks kcoùk u`ssksèfk ukek kcoùk fpzm ws`vìfjm s`ml k mwmsjfjöi bpsmem .wks ò`hwlk, `tkfmem ì pi ljcsk k ì pim w`lèfplm*, `v vpvf`wujcl` e` wsktkfms ì `l nkhcs` pi vì( ujhjìuk e` ji}pjùpe k e` mibpvujm, ì kfmvjki`v mfkhwmýmek wks pim s`mffjöi e` wíijfk)‘ . @l Kcoùk vjibplms* 0Wmsm O`mi Cmpesjllmse lm `vd`sm e`l nkhcs` `v lm e`l “`hcspu`fjhjìuk vpcoùjtk, e`l lìbpmo` z e` lm wvjfklkbèm‘, fkiusmsjm m lm jinphmim }p` `v lm e`l “vjlìfjk z `l `hcspu`fjhjìuk kcoùjtk‘ .Fkkl H`hksj`v, ww) 3: z 67*, fkjifjejìek fki lm wkvupsm e` E`l`p` ml e`fjs }p` Cmsul`cz “`v pi sùk 5

wmsm lm wvjfklkbèm‘ wp`v w`suì`f` m kusm `vw`fj`, lm e` lkv e`tìjs`v jinphmikv)

=2=


dsmv` m hkek e` ckhcm fmpvm `vusmbkv wks pi jivumiu` v`bpjek e`l vjlìfjk v`wplfsml wkveùkimuksjk, vji }p` lm dsmv` v`m pi bsjuk, vjik pim wskipifjm( fjöi v`sìm wp`v `l `vfíiemlk ik `v lm löbjfm e` Cmsul`cz, }pjì wms`f` ik w`se`s lm fmlhm mpi fpmiek `l ìuksik ekie` nmcjum tm ì wjfmem lp`bk e` js jifs`hìumiek lmv tmsjmiu`v e` vp dsmv` }p` hjimi vji ws`tjk mtjvk .fmsmfu`sèvujfm `vum e` lkv kcoùkv u`ssksèfkv*4) @i fj`sum f`sfmièm e`l wìvmhjìuk dsmifêv e` i`v e`l vjblk ^^ fki lm `vfsjupsm e` H`ltjll`, s`vplum ik}pjì hìkv }p`mlnmlmbmeks nmf`slmikums lk cpì cmpesjllmsjmik e`l mhmipìv` vjbp` wj` e` lm lùsm jhwskium e`l hm`vusk z kwum wks lmv ws`d`sìfjmv z ik wks lmv s`d`sìfjmv) Kw`smfjöi ekie` nmcsèm }p` vpwki`s pi `hwl`k e` jikfìfjm vpct`svjtm hív }p` jb( iksmifjm, wp`v m Cmsul`cz ik nmz }p` emsl` wmlhmejumv ì `l nkhcsk z e`fjs? “w`sekimel` }p` ik vmc` lk }p` nmf`‘, vjik jid`fumsv` e` vp döshplm, fkhk l` wmvm ml s`vuk e` lkv fkwjvumv }p` ik wkv`èmi miujfp`swkv wmsm lm cmfu`sjm hùmvuívjfm e`l ws`d`sjsèm ik nmf`slk) Z `vk ik wks}p` lm dsmv` e` Cmsul`cz v`m pim kseì, zm }p` ìukif`v völk nmsèm dmlum `l mfuk fkss`fujtk e` wmsu` e` vp vpw`sjks }p` l` njfj`sm `vfmshìums) Hív cjì v` usmum e` pim `vw`fj` e` s`t`lmfjöi fkiumhjimiu`, }p` ujì` }p` t`s fki `l nmf`s e` kusm hmi`( sm, cpvfms pim tmsjmiu` ik flmvjfmem, fkhk `v lk i`pusk ì Cmsun`v, kusk `vumek e` fkvmv }p` wmvm k ik wmvm, wp`v wks vpwp`vuk }p` nmz umhcjêi fp`swkv jihpi`v) Ik eòmiek e` v`s jhws`vjkimiu` lm hmi`sm fkhk Cmsul`( cz, fpml `d`fujtk jiuspvk ml ksbmijvhk .p Kfumtk wmvmo`sk* fkiumbjm z wlmium vpv `vwksmv e` lm ws`d`sìfjm e` hmi`sm jhw`sf`wujcl`, wp`v ì pi wsjh`s hkhìuk lkv fkwjvumv ik v` ,emi e`wmlmcsm‘ }p` v` l`v w`bmek lm ipifm dsmv`, }p` nmi `hw`mek m ws`d`sjs pimfpìum “fpsjkvm }p`nmUpsa`z ejf` pvms w`sk }p` ìv`bpjem ìpifjm2 vji ijibpim musjcpfjöi mwkvuívjfm) Z `v }p` ukem ws`bpium wsùìe` mffè`s m pim s`vwp`vum, w`sk kfpss` }p` fpmiek lmv s`vwp`vumv vki “cs`t`v‘, ik wks `llk jivpfjìu`v, v` fkh( wljfm lm bì`smfjöi e` hív ws`bpiumv, cmvum fki t`s lmv ìus`tjvumv m Miez Rmsnkl z ws`vums muìfjöi m lk w`supscmekv }p` wkièm m vpv ìus`tjvumek( s`v fkiu`vumiek fki pim mvf`vjv v`hòmiu` m lm e` vp mljhìumfjöi ì lm hív ìu`sm h`jkvjv) Wmvm mlbk v`hòmiu` ì Cmsul`cz ì `vw`fèfk z ì lm mpvìfjm e` `~wljfmfjöi ì bì`sml) Cmsun`v fkhìum }p` `l fmvk ò`hwlms e` lm sêwljfm .fkhk hkemljeme e` s`vwp`vum* `v lm fkit`svmfjöi, ekie` opv( uk “}pèmsv` ì vjlìfjk․ fkhwskhù` jihèjmumhìu` hj s`vwkivmcjlj( eme s`vw`fuk e` hj jhmbì‘ >, e` mnè lkv jiu`sskbmiu`v e` Amm wmsm vmc`s 4 2

Flêhìu Skvvù, @l kcoùk vjibplms, Hmesje, V`~uk wjvk, 3772) w) 05) N`shmi H`ltjll`, Cmsul`cz, Hê~jfk, Dkiumhmsm @ejfjki`v, 377:) w) 37)

>

Sklmie Cmsun`v, Lk i`pusk, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J @ejuks`v, 3775) w) =46)

=23


fpíiumv t`f`v v` e`c` e` ukhms lm wmlmcsm ì pim fkit`svmfjöi vj ik v` }pj`s` wmvms wks vjlìfjkvk) E` ìusmem pim ejfkukhèm? w`shmi`f`s fmllmek z ws`kfpwmfjöi wks `l nmclm) @l v`bpiek s`vwkie` m lm kcljbmfjöi, m lm hksml z `l vìujek fkhÿi) @l wsjh`sk, ml v`s jikfìu`, ujì` }p` t`s hív fki lm wp`vum ì wsífujfm e` pim wkvjcjljeme? }pèmsv` fmllmek, lk }p` nmf` `l v`fplms Cmsul`cz, }pjì ik tm kfpwms `~wljfmsv` wp`v vp lmwjemsjm ìpifjmfjöi nm ejfnk lk vpfjìu`) Wks kusk lmek `l flmpejfmek1 m}p`l fki pim e` ws`kfpwmfjöi wks `l nmclm, wks `~wljfmsv`, `l ws`vk e` lmv wmlmcsmv z nmvum lmv fkvmv ‖ wp`v m Cmsul`cz l` cmvumi pikv wmi`fjllkv e` oìbjcs` wmsm tjtjs ‖, me`wuk z mfupmsjk e` lm jifj( umfjöi m lkv ejvfpsvkv, `v }pjì v` vjìu` fkhwskhùjek fki lm tk wskwjm z fki lm tk e` lkv kuskv ì lm hèjem e` }p` wmlmcsmv bì`smi wmlmcsmv, wme`fjìek z ìekvmiek lm `~mffjöi e` vjbijfmekv tkfml`v) Lm miuèu`vjv e` `vu` mhmipìv` `v `l wmvu`l`sk e`l lìbpmo`, }pjì ì pvk e` fs`hmv, hmibmv, puìvjljkv, bpmiu`v z vkhcs`sk nmf` e`l nmclm lm dmfnmem e` pim jbl`vjm cmsskfm1 ejf` z lp`bk tp`lt` m e`fjs, s`wju` z e`vwpêv fkhìum lk s`wùjek) Hjìusmv mwmsìum v`s pi ujwk e` lk hív fkhÿi wp`v lk ujwkv e` lk hív fkhÿi mwmsìumi uì`s pi u`hm s`l`tmiu` e`l fpml fkit`svmi k }p` e`cì fkhwmsujs m lm hmzks ws`hpsm, fkhk vè l`v }p`hmv` ì lm ckfm z lm ÿijfm hmi`sm e` vkdkfms `v` dp`bk dp`v` nmclmiek) Bjll`v E`l`p` eèjfmsí pi ìvmzk vkcs` lm `vfsjupsm e` H`ltjll` }p` vjs( t` e` wkvdmfjk m lm wpcljfmfjöi e` lm ikt`lm e` Cmsul`cz ì =:>:) @i ejfnk u`~uk `l lövkdk dsmifêv fkhìum }p` lm s`lmfjöi ìus` Cmsul`cz z `l mckbm( ek `v lm e` pi wskf`vk e` jeìujfmfjöi, `l `vumcl`fjhjìuk e` pim v`h`( omim, wks `llk miu` lm ìpifjmfjöi e`l ws`d`sjsèm ik nmf`slk `l mckbmek v` vjìu` ji}pjùk, kdìejek, w`sk m vp t` l` fkihp`t` lm jikfìfjm ejmcöljfm .wmsm `l wke`s* e`l fkwjvum, wp`v wms`f` dpifjkims fkhk pi musmfujtk nmfjm `l o`d` }p` e`ve` `v` hkhìuk v` ws`kfpwmsí wks `vu` `hwl`mek e` hm( i`sm `vw`fjml uìjìek wsífujfmv }p` ik nmcèm uìjek miu`v fki imej`, z `v }p` `l fkwjvum nm e` fkit`sujsv` ì vp dsmfmvk fkhk o`d` wp`v e`c` e` fmh( cjmsv` e` lpbms e`cjek m }p` lmv s`vwp`vumv vki lmwjemsjmv, cspuml`v, mpi}p` v` usmu` völk e` tmsjmiu`v e` lm hjvhm dsmv`? “ws`d`sjsèm ik jsh`‘, “ws`d`sj( sèm }p` ik‘, “ws`d`sjsèm ik eòmslk‘, “ws`d`sjsèm ik nmf`s ijibÿi fmhcjk‘, “ws`d`sjsèm ik v`s tìeèks‘, “ws`d`sjsèm nmf`s kusm fkvm‘) Fkhk kusk mwksu` wmsm E`l`p`, Cmsul`cz `v pi ksjbjiml, pi w`svkimo` e` `vkv }p` fkhk lmv wjiupsmv e` Cmfki, ik fmcì ekv ì `l hjvhk hmsfk) Mvè wp`v, opbp`hkv fki lmv wmlmcsmv z tmhkv m wìvmsl` fkhk pi ksjbì1 `l wpiuk e` wmsujem e` pi wìvms, w`sk miu` ukek, e` pi nmf`s wp`v Cmsul`cz

=26


`v mfuk, vp dsmv` `v pim je`m(dp`sm, ik }pèm völk ì `l lìbpmo` vjik }p` pz` wmsm fkit`sujsv` ì pi fkiopiuk e` wsífujfmv ekie` `l fkwjvum “Völk wpè` vkcs`tjtjs emiek tp`lumv ì pi vpvwìv` }p` hmiujì` m ukek `l hpiek mlòmek‘:, fkhk `v `l ê~umvjv wmsm O`mi Cmpesjllmse? “fpmljeme wskwjm e` ukek fp`swk }p` bjsm vkcs` vè hjvhk nmvum lm wêsejem e` vìujek z }p` s`vwlmie`f` ìukif`v ì vp dkshm wpsm z tmfèm‘ =7) Jihmiìfjm) Lm wklèujfm e` Cmsul`cz ik jhwljfm nmf`s pim np`lbm ì `l nmclm, fkhk }pjìe` nmf` np`lbm e` pi nmhcs` k pim e` hkt`sv` `tjums wmvk pi pim t`nèfplk k e` òêsfjuk) Ik)np`lbm Cmsul`cz nmf` pimwmsm mvf`vjv ì `l `l lìbpmo` }p` jiflpz` pi hmiòk e` lkv vjlìfjkv, pim `vw`fj` e` s`vwkivm( cjljeme ì `l `hwl`k e`l vjlìfjk) @vm `v vp `vusmu`bjm wklèujfm, vp `vumek e` `~f`wfjöi, lm dkshm e` ll`tms m fmck pim np`lbm e` s`d`sìfjmv `hwl`mi( ek ws`d`sìfjmv) Mvè, `vu` `vfsjcjìu` wmvm lkv eèmv mljhìuíiekv` völk fki wmvu`ljllkv e` oìbjcs` vji mf`wums, ij s`fnmms, wks}p` lm je`m ik `v }pèms( v` fmllmek fkhk mwksu` m pim fkit`svmfjöi k s`vwp`vum m pim ws`bpium, vjik s`fpssjs ml u`sf`s `vwmfjk, `l e` lk i`pusk, ekie` ik v` mshm ij v` ij`bm, ik `v ij vè, ij ik, ik v` `vuí e` mfp`sek ij ì e`vmfp`sek, fkhk `l miesöbjik ì `l íhcjuk v`~pml z lm jiuìfjöi ì `l “vji }p`s`s }p`sjìek‘ e`l Fnmtk e`l >, fki `vuk Cmsul`cz fmpvm pi bjsk? zm ik v` usmum e` t`vujsv` e` vjlìfjk, vjik e` uksims pim spwupsm e` wmsmejbhmv fki lm dsmv` ì pvk e` vp jieù`shjimfjöi lju`sml) Wp`v wks kusm wmsu` `l vjlìfjk, fkhk `l bsjuk e` i`bmfjöi, vki vmifjkimcl`v e`ve` `l mwmsmuk e` wke`s, w`sk `l ws`d`sjsèm ik nmf`slk, ejfnk fki v`sìjeme, e`vmshm `l wke`s, lk eòm vji `l`hìukv wmsm lm wks}p` löbjfm e` lmv ws`d`sìfjmv miplm lm e` lmv s`d`sìfjmv wksvmifjöi lk hìkv ì lm lm sml`m e` w`svkimo`v e` H`ltjll`) Wks ÿlujhk, e` lm hjvhm hmi`sm }p` v` mvphì lkv vjbikv fmsmfu`sèvuj( fkv e` pi nêsk` ‖ fkhk W`sv`k ‖ wpè` kfpssjs fki Cmsul`cz, }pjì ml ik uì`s pim cjkbsmdèm wks}p` ik nmz hmu`sjml vpfjìu` wmsm }p` pi s`lmuk fskiklöbjfk e` vp tjem v`m vmujvdmfuksjk, v` fkitj`su` ì pi lpbms, pim dks( hm, pim wkvjfjöi fmwm e` v`s mekwumem z }p` `v e`ijem fkhk “jivöljum z fj`sumhìu` jiopvum‘== wmsm }pjì ik lm `hwl`m) Pi fpmesk vjiukhmuklöbjfk fkif`wupmljmek wks lm jhwkvjcjljeme e` ejmlkbk fki mlbpjì }p` vj`hws` s`wju` lk hjvhk) Wskcl`hm }p` völk `v uml fpmiek v` `hw`fjim ì lm i`f`vj( eme e` nmclm zìek e` lmv fkit`svmfjki`v m lmv ejvfpvjki`v, e` lm fkid`vjöi m lmv fp`vujki`v z e` lkv wìvmhjìukv ì tk mlum m lm wmlmcsm vkcsmiu`) Vji emsv` fpìum e` lk wkclmek }p` `vuí `l e`vj`suk) :

Bjll`v E`l`p`, Fsèujfm z flèijfm) Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, 377:) w) =73) O`mi Cmpesjllmse, Lmv `vusmu`bjmv dmuml`v, Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, 3777) w) 4)

=7 ==

N`simhi H`ltjll`, Cmsul`cz, Hê~jfk, M~jml @ejuks`v, 377>) w) 56)

=25


S`d`sìfjmv cjcljkbsífmv Cmsun`v, Sklmie, Lk i`pusk, Hê~jfk, Vjblk ^^J @ejuks`v, 3775) Cmpesjllmse, O`mi, Fkkl h`hksj`v, Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, =::2) Cmpesjllmse, O`mi, Lmv `vusmu`bjmv dmuml`v, Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, 3777) E`l`p`, Bjll`v, Fsèujfm z flèijfm, Cmsf`lkim, Mimbsmhm, 377:) E`l`p`, Bjll`v, Ejílkbkv, Tmlìfjm, WS@(U@ÛKV, 377>) E`l`p`, Bjll`v, “Lm jiu`swsùmfjöi e` lkv ìpifjmekv ì‘ Ekv s`bèhì`v e` lkfkv, Tmlìfjm, WS@(U@ÛKV, 3772) H`ltjll`, N`shmi, Cmsul`cz, Hê~jfk, Dkiumhmsm @ejfjki`v, 377:) H`ltjll`, N`shmi, Cmsul`cz, Hê~jfk, M~jml @ejuks`v, 377>) Skvvù, Flêhìu, @l kcoùk vjibplms, Hmesje, V`~uk wjvk, 3772) Skvvù, Flêhìu, @l wsjifjwjk e` fsp`leme, Tmlìfjm, WS@(U@ÛKV, 377>) Tjlm(Hmumv, @isj}p`, Cmsul`cz z fkhwmýèm, @vwmým, Mimbsmhm, 3773)

=20

V` u`shjiö e` jhwsjhjs ì `l h`v e` d`cs`sk e` 37=3 ì lkv umll`s`v bsídjfkv e` lm Pijt`svjeme Mpuöikhm e` ]p`sêumsk) .Wsklkibmfjöi Wjik Vpís`z 542(@, Fkl) @ojek Hke`lk, ]p`sêumsk, ]sk)* V` ujsmski =777 ò`hwlms`v, hív vkcsmiu`v wmsm vp s`wkvjfjöi)

Arte y Silencio, Mar Marcos (comp.), Serie Bellas Artes - UAQ

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