Resource sheet for Control Systems theory. Includes formulas for state space theory and controller + observer design.Full description
AIS byJames Hall. Summary of what the chapter in the book discussed.Full description
The development of information technology is often used in business world, one of which is Flowride sc. Flowride sc is company that run in the field of clothing sales. The order system of Flowride sc products is still conducted manually, so that it t
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Menjelaskan mengenai Enterprice Resource Planning dan perkembangannnya diindonesiaDeskripsi lengkap
Referat AIS Standarde AIS SDTNFull description
Chapter 11 Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Problems with Non-ERP Systems In-hou In-house se design design limits limits connec connectiv tivity ity outside the company Tendency Tendency toward separate IS’s within frm lack o integration limits communication within the company Strategic decision-making not supported Long-term Long-term maintenance costs high Limi Limits ts abil abilit ity y to enga engage ge in proc proces ess s reengineering Traditiona raditionall IS Model Model Closed Closed !atabase !atabase "rchitecture Similar in concept to at-fle approach data data remain emains s the the prop proper erty ty o the application ragmentation limits communications !ist !istenc ence e o numer numerous ous dis distin tinct ct and independent databases redundancy and anomaly problems "aper-based re#uires multiple entry o data status status o inorma inormation tion unknown unknown at key points #hat is an ERP System$ $ulti-module application sotware that helps a company manage the important parts o its business in an integrated ashion% &ey eatures include' smoo smooth th and and seam seamle less ss ow ow o inormation across organi(ational boundaries standar standardi(e di(ed d environme environment nt with shared database independent o appl applic icat atio ions ns and and inte integr grat ated ed applications Two Main ERP "pplications Core applications a%k%a% On-line Transaction Transaction Processing (OLTP) transaction processing systems suppo support rt the the day-t day-to-da o-day y opera operatio tional nal activities o the business support mission-critical tasks through through simple #ueries o operational databases
include sales and distribution) business planning) production plan planni ning ng)) sh shop op oor oor cont contrrol) ol) and and logistics modules Business analysis applications a%k%a% On-li On-line ne Analyt Analytica icall Proces Processin sing g (OLAP) decision support tool or managementcrit critic ica al tasks asks thr through ough analy nalyti tica call investigation o comple! data associations supplies management with *real-time+ ino inorrmati mation on and and aci acili lita tate tes s time timely ly decisions to improve perormance and achieve competitive advantage includes includes decision decision support) support) modeling) modeling) inormation retrieval) ad-hoc reporting,analysis) and what-i analysis %&"P Suppo Supports rts manage managemen ment-c t-crit ritica icall tasks tasks thr through ough anal analyt ytic ical al inve invest stig igat atio ion n o comple! data associations captured in data warehouses' Consolidation is the aggregation aggregation or roll-up o data% !rill-down allows allows the user to see data in selectively increasing increasing levels o detail% Slicing and !icing enables the user to e!amine data rom dierent viewpoints to uncover trends and patterns% ERP ER P Sys System tem Con' Con'gu gura rati tion ons s Clie Client nt-Ser(er Networ) Netwo r) Topology Topology Two-tier Two-tier comm common on serv server er hand handle les s both both application and database duties used especially in L./s Three-tier clie client nt link links s to the the appl applic icat atio ion n serv server er whic which h then then init initia iate tes s a second connection to the database server used especially in 0./s ERP System System Con'gura Con'gurations tions !atabase !atabases s and *olt-%ns 1atabase 2onfguration selection o database tables in the thousands setti ettin ng the the switc itches in the the system 3olt-on Sotware Sotware
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thir thirdd-pa part rty y vend vendor ors s prov provid ide e speciali(ed unctionality sotware Supp Supply ly 2hai 2hain n $ana $anage gem ment ent 4S2$5 4S2$5 links links vendor vendors) s) carrie carriers rs)) logi logist stic ics s comp compan anie ies) s) and and IS providers #hat is a !ata #arehouse$ . multi-dimensional database database oten using hundreds o gigabytes or even terabytes o memory 1ata are e!tracted e!tracted periodic periodically ally rom rom operation operational al databases databases or rom public inormation services% . data databa base se cons constr truc ucte ted d or or #uic #uick k searchin searching) g) retrieva retrieval) l) ad-hoc ad-hoc #ueries) #ueries) and ease o use 6" 6" system systems s can can e!ist e!ist withou withoutt data data warehouses% 7owever) most large 6" implementations include separate separate operatio operational nal and data warehouse databases% 8therw 8therwise ise)) manage managemen mentt data data analys analysis is may resul resultt in pulli pulling ng syst system em resou esourrces ces away away rom rom operational use% .lso) there are many sophisticated data-mining tools% !ata #arehouse Process The fve stages o the data warehousing warehousing process' 9% modeling data or the data warehouse :% e!tracting data rom operational databases ;% cleans cleansing ing e!tra e!tracte cted d data data <% transorming data into the warehouse model =% loadin loading g data data into into the data data warehouse database !ata #arehouse Process Stage 1 $odeling data or the data warehouse 3eca 3ecaus use e o the the vast vast si(e si(e o a data warehouse) the warehouse database consists o de-
cons conso olida lidate ted d int into normali(ed tables%
de-
!ata #arehouse Process Stage + !tr !trac acti ting ng data data rom rom oper operat atio iona nall databases The process o collecting data rom rom oper operat atio iona nall data databa base ses) s) at-fles) archives) and e!ternal data sources% Snapshots vs% stabili(ed data . key eature o a data wareh arehou ous se is tha that the the data contained in it are in a nonnon-vo vola lati tile le 4sta 4stabl ble5 e5 state% !ata #arehouse Process Stage , 2leansing e!tracted data Involves fltering out or repai repairi ring ng invali invalid d data data prior prior to being stored in the warehouse% 8perational data are *dirty+ or many reasons' clerical) data entry) computer program errors) miss misspe pell lled ed name names s and and blank felds% .lso involves transorming data into into standa standard rd busine business ss terms terms with standard data values% !ata #arehouse Process Stage Transor Transorming ming data into the warehouse warehouse model To To improve e>ciency) data are tra trans nsorm ormed into nto summar mmary y views beore being loaded% ?nlike operational views) which are virtual in nature with unde underl rlyi ying ng base base tabl tables es)) data data wareho warehous use e views views are are physi physical cal tables% 8L." 8L." per permits mits us user ers s to construct virtual views% !ata #arehouse Process Stage . Loading data into the data warehouse database 1ata warehouses must be
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Ris)s "ssociated with ERP Implementation "ace o implementation A3ig A3i g 3ang’ 3ang’--s --swi witch tch operat operation ions s rom legacy systems to 6" in a single event A"hase A"h ased-I d-In’n’--in -indep depend endent ent 6" 6" units installed over time) assimilated) and integrated 8pposition to change user reluctance and inertia need need o uppe upperr mana manage geme ment nt support 2hoosing the wrong 6" goo goodnes dness s o ft' ft' no one 6" 6" product is best or all industries scalab scalabili ility ty'' system system’s ’s abilit ability y to grow 2hoosing the wrong consultant comm common on to use use a thir thirdd-pa part rty y 4the 3ig Bour5 thorough thoroughly ly interview interview potential potential consultants establish e!plicit e!pectations e!pectations 7igh cost and cost overruns common areas with high costs' training testing and integration database conversion 1isruptions 1isruptions to operations 6" 6" impl implem emen enta tati tion ons s usua usuall lly y involve business process reengineering 43"65 e!pect maCor changes in business processes Impl Implic icat atio ions ns /or /or Inte Intern rnal al Cont Contro roll and and "uditing Transaction Transaction authori(ation authori(ation 2ontrols are needed to validate tran transa sact ctio ions ns beo beorre they they are are accepted by other modules% 6"s 6"s are are mor more depe depend nden entt on progr programm ammed ed contr controls ols than than on human intervention%
Segregation o duties $anual processes that normally re#ui re#uire re segre segregat gation ion o duties duties are oten eliminated% User role: role: predefned user roles limit a user’s access to certain unctions and data% Supervision Superv Superviso isors rs need need to ac#uir ac#uire e a technical and operational understanding o the new system% mployee-empowered philosophy should not eliminate supervision% .ccounting records 2orrupted data may be passed rom e!ternal sources and rom legacy systems% loss o paper audit trail .ccess controls critical concern with confdentiality o inormation inormation 0ho 0ho shou hould have have acc access ess to whatD .ccess to data warehouse 1ata warehou warehouses ses oten oten involve involve sharing inormation with suppliers and customers% 2ontingency planning keepi eeping ng a busi busine ness ss goin going g in case o disaster key role ole o serv server ers s re#u e#uires ires backup plans' redundant servers or shared servers Independent verifcation trad tradit itio iona nall ver verifca ifcati tion ons s are are meaningless need need to shi shitt rom rom trans transact action ion leve levell to over overal alll per peror orma manc nce e level
