ALUMNOS: -
Castillo Vera, Iris Chiroque Aguilar, Fiorella Córdova Vásquez, Yuriko Medina Zavaleta, Bruno Rosario Angulo, Junior Urbina Zavaleta, Sarita
DOCENTE: Ing. Cabanillas Agreda, Carlos
2017 Trujillo – Perú Perú
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
ÍNDICE
I.
............................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................. 4
II. OBJETIVOS ...................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... 5 III.
......................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................ 5
1.
DEFINICIÓN .......................................................... .................................................................................................................. ........................................................ 5
2.
FUNCIÓN ........................................................................................................................ 6
3.
SITUACIONES EN LAS QUE SE UTILIZA ............................................................... .............................................................. 6
4.
EJERCICIOS APLICATIVOS ...................................................................................... ..................................................................................... 7
IV.
........................................................................... 26 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ............................................................................
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Los alumnos que cursan el VII ciclo de la carrera académico profesional de Ingeniería Agrícola presentan para el curso de Concreto; dirigido por el Ing. Cabanillas Agreda, Carlos, nuestro nuestro Informe Informe de Investigación Investigación “Diseño Estructural de Zapata Corrida ”. El Informe de Investigación que se trabajó para la tercera unidad del semestre académico del año 2017 II, con el propósito de conocer e identificar los aspectos generales y específicos del procedimiento de diseño estructural en una cimentación específ ica. Esperando cumplir con los objetivos del proceso de formación del proyecto de investigación, dejamos vuestra voluntad y criterio profesional la presente investigación para su respectiva evaluación.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
I. La cimentación es muy importante porque es la base estructural más importante de las construcciones, en ella se transmiten las cargas puntuales o distribuidas de toda la infraestructura, brindando resistencia y seguridad a todas las personas que la habitan. Proporciona estabilidad ante cualquier desastre evitando que esta se desplome, nos da confianza para poder sobrevivir ante un sismo o terremoto. La cimentación cumple con diversas características y cuanto mayor es el costo en materiales, se mejora el tipo de cimentación, proporcionando una mejor resistencia y adecuado comportamiento de esta ante una catástrofe. En esta investigación llegamos a conocer que la cimentación ayuda a sustentar la estructura de la edificación garantizando una buena estabilidad. Debemos construirla con los mejores materiales para que no causen daños irreparables. El terreno debe trabajar bajo una carga tal que no se altere su estado de equilibrio, o sea, que no se produzcan deformaciones o asentamientos perceptibles que repercuten en los diferentes elementos de la estructura, produciéndoles tensiones para las cuales no han sido diseñados. Si una columna se asienta más o menos que otra adyacente, la diferencia genera esfuerzos que pueden ocasionar daños en los elementos estr ucturales y no estructurales. Estas cimentaciones o apoyos deben ser dimensionados en base a las características de terreno y de las cargas de la estructura, y las cuales son de distinto tipo de acuerdo a la utilidad que se busca y al comportamiento natural del terreno. En esta oportunidad el tema específico que brindaremos es el de Zapata Corrida, que son aquellas que reciben una car ga lineal o distribuida. Las cuales se utilizan utiliz an mayormente para la cimentación de muros o una hilera de pilares que estén próximos (menos a 1 metro). Las zapatas corridas tienen forma prismática o de T invertida y en ellas predomina una dirección sobre las otras dos. La diferencia fundamental entre las zapatas aisladas y las corridas es que las primeras soportan cargas puntales, mientras que las segundas soportan cargas distribuidas.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
II.
Predimensionar una zapata corrida. Diseñar estructuralmente una zapata corrida. Calcular la cantidad de acero y distribución a utilizar en una zapata corrida.
III. 1. DEFINICIÓN Las zapatas corridas son aquellas que reciben una carga lineal. Las utilizaremos
cuando
queramos
cimentar muros o una hilera de pilares que estén próximos y su trabajo se efectúa en un solo s olo sentido. Las zapatas corridas tienen forma prismática o de T invertida y en ellas predomina en una dirección sobre s obre las otras dos. Las zapatas corridas, al igual que las aisladas, llevan un emparrillado en su base para evitar las posibles deformaciones que se puedan producir y para repartir la carga de una manera unificada, y la diferencia fundamental entre las zapatas aisladas y las corridas es que las primeras soportan cargas puntales, mientras que las segundas soportan cargas distribuidas.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Se utiliza como plataforma sobre la cual se construye el muro. Por lo tanto, se establece un ancho mínimo para la zapata según el espesor del muro, por lo que, en general, se hace un poco más ancha que el muro. El ancho adicional exacto que se requiere para esta finalidad es una cuestión de criterio.
(Parker y Ambrose, 1996).
2. FUNCIÓN Esta denominación se entiende como los elementos de concreto ciclópeo que constituyen la base de fundación de los muros y que sirve para transmitir al terreno el peso propio de los mismos y la carga de la estructura que soportan. Las cimentaciones superficiales por losa o zapata corrida sirven de elemento de reparto y colaboración de cargas muy diversas, planteando un complejo problema de interacción y compatibilidad entre el terreno y la estructura.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
4. EJERCICIOS APLICATIVOS Se Desea diseñar una zapata corrida
df = 1.50 m qadm =1.6 kg/cm 2 fy = 4200 kg/cm 2 2 f’c = 210 kg/cm t = 1.6 ton/m 3 s/c = 300 kg/cm 2
Patrón de Carga CM CV SISMO Patrón de Carga CM CV SISMO EN ZAPATA CORRIDA
P (ton)
M (ton-m)
100 60 2
10 4 15
P (ton)
M (ton-m)
170 90 3
5 2 10
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO SOLUCIÓN
Longitud de Desarrollo
= 0.0′75 4200 1.91 = 0.075√ 210 210 =. cm
Zapata hz = Ldc + 10 cm hz= 41.52 + 10
hz = 55 cm d = hz – 10 10 d = 55 – 10 10
d = 45 cm
Carga Neta
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO BAJO CARGAS DE GRAVEDAD ( Pservicio 1)
= =
Par a 1
1 = 10060 12. 8 6 = . ó ó ==√ . 1.2.4 12. =
Par a 2
2 = 17090 12.86 =. ó
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Por tant tanto o, exi exist ste e SUPE SU PE R POSI POS I C I ÓN de ár eas. E s co conve nvenient niente e el uso de ZAPA ZAP A TA C ORR OR R I D A ( )
TEÓRICAMENTE SABEMOS QUE:
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO ENTONCES, CON LOS DATOS APLICADOS TEQUEMOS QUE:
++ ++ ++ x . + x .++ X = X 0 =
0
X0 = 1.60 m
Área Zapata Corrida
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Luego:
= = 1.600.32.69600.7 = . = = . =.
(X) NO CUMPLE
Recomendación: Voladizo 2 m
Es necesaria la AMPLIACIÓN DE LA ZAPATA
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Entonces:
= = 32.8.2606 =
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO BAJO CARGAS DE GRAVEDAD Y SISMO (Pservicio 2)
X 0 = X0’
++
+++ +++ x . + x . + x . ++ = X0’ = 1.81 m
Excentricidad Geométrica
= ’
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
==8.20204 = .
Además:
, = ±
, = 32.4258 1 ± 6 0.8.2201 =.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Diseño Estructural
Diseño por Corte (
DATOS Patrón M(tonP(ton) m) COL de Carga 1 100 10 CM 60 4 CV 2 15 SISMO 170 5 CM COL 2 90 2 CV 3 10 SISMO
P SERVICIO 1
P SERVICIO 2
C=1.4 CM + 1.7 CV
C=1.25 (CM+CV) + SISMO
P(ton)
M(ton-m)
P(ton)
M(ton-m)
140
14
125
12.5
102
6.8
75
5
-
-
2
15
238
7
212.5
6.25
153
3.4
112.5
2.5
-
-
3
10
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO RECTANGULAR
= = 32.6338 = .. //
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Excentricidad Geométrica
=1.=171. ’ 60 = .
Entonces:
Como:
= . = . < | | <
TRAPEZOIDAL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Analizamos para “1”
= .. // = 19.19.3 / / 4 = .. // = × =77.2 ×8.20 . .
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Entonces:
Ahora:
Luego:
=. . =77.2 2.90 = . . ∅ = ∅ × . .′ × × ∅=. 210×400×45 2 10×400×45 ∅ = 0.85×0.53√ 1000 ∅ = . .
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Diseño por Corte (
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Escogemos el menor
Por lo tanto,
∅ = ∅ × . . ′ × × 21000 10×540×90 ∅ = 0.85×1.06√ 6√ 210×540×90 ∅ = . .
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO Cuantilla calculada
= × 98.60 = 400×90 =0.002 =0.0018
Comparando con
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
= 2 227.892.5 = 0 =.. ≠ ↔ = . . = −..
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
Ahora,
= = × × = = 0.003× 03 × 100× 100 × 90 = = 27
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO