َُمتَعوِّ ًذا َُّمب ْسمِ ًًل َُّمح ْمد ًًِلَ ُّمص ِّل ًيا َُّمس ِّل ًما َّ اللَ ُهمََّربَّناَٰات ِناَسعادة ََالداريْ ِن َُ ُا َّلسًل ُمَعل ْيـك ُْمََور ْحم ُةَاهّٰللَِوبكَات
Welcoming the Newborn Invocations, Supplications, Rituals and Precautions at the Birth of a Child
Recite the “First Call to Prayer” [adhân]1 in the right ear. Recite the “Second Call to Prayer” [iqâma]2 in the left ear.3 It is permissible to recite the “Call-to-Prayer Supplication” [du’â al-adhân]4 after both the Adhân and Iqâma. It is permissible for the one giving the Adhân to kiss one’s thumbnails and rub gently the eyes of the newborn at the mention of the Messenger of Allah [ashhadu anna Muḥammada r-Rasūlu Llāh]5. Imam al-‘Arus has recommended that the du’a in verse (3:36)6 be made in both ears. He has also stated that if Sura al-Qadr7 is recited once in the ear of an infant, Allah will protect that child from falling into the sin of adultery [zina] in his or her lifetime. Perform taḥnîk8 – feed the infant with extracts of dates or any sweet substance untouched by fire. Recite the supplication [du’â]9 that the Prophet recited on Imams Al-Ḥasan and Al-Ḥusain. Bury the placenta and umbilical cord with due care and respect as it is a part of the human body.
Name the child. It is the right of the child to be christened a good name. Choose wisely and have the intention of the child being bestowed with the blessing [baraka] of that name. Perform the sacrificial slaughter [‘aqîqa] 10 . It safeguards the child from sickness, evil effects and calamities. When the child grows up, he or she will not be disobedient to parents. Shave the infant’s head11 and give away in charity [ṣadaqa] gold or silver equivalent to the weight of the hair removed. If gold or silver is not available, then give corresponding value in cash.
Mother’s milk is the best food for an infant and it is a child’s right to be breastfed by the mother for 2 lunar years. (See: http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=4769&CATE=95) Circumcision of boys can be done as early as the seventh day after birth and as late as puberty, though preferably done before the age of seven. To pacify a continuously weeping infant, an amulet [ta’wīz]12 can be placed under the head or pillow of the child. In addition, recite Al-Fatiha on Mashhur Mawlana of Sri Lanka. Imam al-‘Arus writes that it is stated in Qalā’id that whoever has his head shaved on forty Wednesdays will grow up to be highly learned in Jurisprudence13. Shaikhuna Thaika Shuaib recommends reciting verse (4:9) 313 times, seeking Allah’s safety, security and protection for one’s children14. Habib ‘Abdullah b. Husain b. Tahir has composed a supplication for one’s progeny which parents will do well to read regularly. (See: http://www.scribd.com/doc/157934448/Bard-Al-Akbad-fi-Salah-Al-Awlad)
It is Sunna and from propriety to greet the parents 15 of the newborn in the following manner:
، َو ُر ِزق َْت ب ِ َّر ُه، َوبَ َل َغ اَ ُش َّد ُه،َك َت ا ْل َواه َِب ُ بَ َار َك ا َ هلل َلكَ فِي ْ َ َو َش، َالم ْوه ُْو ِب َلك bāraka Llāhu laka fi l-mawhūbi laka, wa shakarta l-wāhiba, wa balagha ashuddahu, wa ruziqta birrahu.
“May Allah bless you with His gift to you, may you (the new parent) give thanks (for this gift), may the child reach the maturity of years, and may you be granted its righteousness.”
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1
The Adhân:
Allāhu Akbar, Allāhu Akbar (2 x) ashhadu an lā ilāha illa Llāh (2 x) ashhadu anna Muḥammadan Rasūlu Llāh (2 x) ḥayya ‘ala ṣ-ṣalāh (2 x) ḥayya ‘ala l-falāḥ (2 x) Allāhu Akbar, Allāhu Akbar, lā ilāha illa Llāh Allah is greater, Allah is greater (2 x) I testify that there is no god but Allah (2 x) I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (2 x) Come to prayer (2 x) Come to success (2 x) Allah is greater, Allah is greater—There is no god but Allah 2
The Iqâma:
Allāhu Akbar, Allāhu Akbar ashhadu an lā ilāha illa Llāh ashhadu anna Muḥammadan Rasūlu Llāh ḥayya ‘ala ṣ-ṣalāh, ḥayya ‘ala l-falāḥ qad qāma ti ṣ- ṣalah Allāhu Akbar, Allāhu Akbar, lā ilāha illa Llāh Allah is greater, Allah is greater I testify that there is no god but Allah I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah Come to prayer, Come to success Stand for prayer, Stand for prayer Allah is greater, Allah is greater—There is no god but Allah
ق َْد قَا َمتِ الصَّ ََلة، ق َْد قَا َمتِ الصَّ ََلة
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Both the Adhân and Iqâma can be given by the father, grandfather, other male relation, or a Muslim male.
4
The traditional supplication after the call to prayer:
Allāhumma ṣalli wa sallim wa bārik ‘alā sayyidinā Muḥammadin wa ālihi wa saḥbihi adada mā fī ‘ilmi Llāh, ṣalātan dā’imatan bi-dawāmi mulki Llāh. Allāhumma rabba hādhihi d-da’wati t-tāmmati wa ṣ-ṣalāti l-qā’ima, āti sayyidanā Muḥammadani l-wasīlata wa l-faḍīlah, wa shsharafa wa d-darajata r-rafī’ata l-āliyata sh-sharīfah, wa b’athhu maqāman maḥmūdani lladhi wa ‘adttah, wa rzuqnā shafā’atahu wa awridna ḥawḍahu yawma l-qiyāmah, innaka lā tukhlifu l-mī’ād, (inna Llāha wa malā’ikatahu yusallūna ‘ala n-nabiyyi, yā ayyuha llathīna āmanū sallū ‘alaihi wa sallimū taslīma) Allāhumma ṣalli wa sallim ‘alā sayyidinā Muḥammadin wa ālihi wa saḥbihi ajma’īn, wa l-ḥamdu li Llāhi rabbi l-‘ālamīn. O Allāh, bestow benedictions, peace and blessings upon our liegelord Muhammad , his family and companions, in the number that is in Your Knowledge, such that those benedictions may continue forever eternal as Your Kingdom. O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and everlasting prayer, grant our liege-lord Muhammad the means, eminence, nobility, and the sublime, ennobled and exalted rank, raise him to the honoured station You have promised him, grant us his intercession, and let us drink from his Fountain on the Day of Resurrection. Verily You do not neglect promises. (Verily Allah and His angels whelm in blessings the Prophet. O you who profess faith invoke blessings upon him and give him greetings of Peace.) O Allah, bestow benedictions and peace upon our liege-lord Muhammad , his family and companions. And praise be to Allah, Lord of all domains.
اَل ّٰل ُه َّم َصلِّ َو َس ِّل ْم َوبَار ِْك َعلٰى َس ِّي ِدنَا ُم َح َّم ٍد وَّ ٰال ِ ٖه َص ََل ًة َدائ َِم ًة ب ِ َد َوام ِ ُمل ِْك،َِو َص ْحب ِ ٖه َع َد َد َما ف ِ ْي عِل ِْم اهلل َّ ِ اَل ّٰل ُه َّم َربَّ ٰه ِذه،ِاهلل ،الد ْع َوة ِال َّتا َّمةِ َوالصَّ لٰوة ِا ْل َقائ َِم ِة َّ ِ ٰا الَّش َف َ َو،ت َسي َِّدنَا ُم َح َّم ًدا ا ْل َوسِي َل َة َوا ْل َفضِي َل َة َّ َو َوابْ َع ْث ُه َم َقا ًما،الَّش ْي َف َة ِ َّ الد َر َج َة ال َّرف َِيع َة ا ْل َعال ِ َي َة َو ْارزُ ْق َنا َشفَا َع َتهُ َواَ ْورِ ْدنَا،َم ْح ُمو ًدا َّال ِذي َو َع ْد َّت ُه َ ﴿ا ِ َّن اهلل،ف ا ْلمِ َيعا َد ُ ِ اِنَّكَ ََل تُ ْخل،َح ْو َض ُه يَ ْو َم ا ْلق ِ َيا َم ِة ين ٰا َمنُوا َ ون َعل َى ال َّن ِب ِّيۚ يَا اَ ُّي َها َّال ِذ َ َو َملئ ِ َك َت ُه ي َُص ُّل َص ُّلوا َعل َْيهِ َو َس ِّل ُموا َت ْسل ِ ًًمي﴾ اَل ّٰل ُه َّم َصلِّ َو َس ِّل ْم َعلٰى َوا ْل َح ْم ُد ِهّٰلِل َر ِّب،َس ِّي ِدنَا ُمـ َح َّم ٍد وَّ ٰال ِ ٖه َو َص ْحب ِ ٖه اَ ْج َم ِعي ْ َن
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Ibn ‘Ābidīn, in his radd al-muḥtār 1: 397-8 (a.k.a. al-Hāshiya or al-Shāmi), states: “It is recommended to say, after hearing the first testification [in the adhan]: ‘ṣalla Llāhu ‘alaika yā Rasūla Llāh’ (May Allah bestow blessings on you, O Messenger of Allah), and after the second of them, ‘qarrat ‘ainī bika yā Rasūla Llāh’ (May my eyes rejoice with you, O Messenger of Allah). Then one should say, ‘Allāhumma tti’nī bi s-sam’i wa l-baṣar’ (O Allah, keep blessing me with hearing and sight), after placing the nails of both thumbs on one’s eyes, for the Messenger of Allah will be his guide into the Garden [if he does] as mentioned in kanzu l-‘ibād, via al-Quhustānī [in his jāmi’ ar-rumūz]. This has also been mentioned in al-fatāwā aṣ-ṣūfiyya. It has been reported in kitābu l-firdaws, ‘Whoever kisses the nails of both thumbs upon hearing ‘ashhadu anna Muḥammda r-Rasūla Llāh’, I shall be his guide and shall enter him in the ranks of Janna.’ The details are in the ḥawāshi l-baḥr of al-Ramlī, from al-maqāṣidu l-ḥasana of al-Sakhāwī. Al-Jirāhī mentioned this, too, and gave a lengthy exposition, then said, ‘None of these narrations has been authentically established (lam yaṣiḥ) from the Messenger of Allah .’”
: ) تَ ِت َّمة798-783 :1( قال خامتة احملققني س يدي ابن عابدين يف رد احملتار
ِ (قَ َّر ْت َع ْي ِن بِك َي َر ُسو َل: للا) َو ِع ْندَ الثَّا ِن َي ِة ِمنْ َا ِ للا عَلَ ْي َك َي َر ُسو َل ُ للا) ُ َّث ي َ ُق ُ ( َص َّّل: ي ُْس َت َحب َأ ْن ي ُ َقا َل ِع ْندَ َ ََساعِ ْ ُاْل َول ِم ْن الشَّ هَا َد ِة ِ (اللهُ َّم َم ِت ْع ِن ِِب َّلس ْمع: ول ْ ْ ْ . َو ََن ُْو ُه ِيف ال َفتَ َاوى الصو ِفي َّ ِة، َك َذا ِيف َك ْ ِن ال ِع َبا ِد قُه ُْس َت ِان،ون قَائِدً ا َ ُل ا َل ال َجنَّ ِة ِ َ َوالْ َب ُ الس َل ُم يَ ُك َّ ص) ب َ ْعدَ َوضْ ع ِ ُظ ْف َر ْي ْ ِاْلْبْ َا َم ْ ِني عَ َّل الْ َع ْينَ ْ ِني فَ ِان َّ ُه عَلَ ْي ِه ِ َّ ول ِ اّلل ِيف ْ َاْل َذ ِان َأنَ قَائِدُ ُه َو ُمدْ ِخ ُ ُل ِيف ُص ُف ُ ( َم ْن قَبَّ َل ُظ ْف َري اْبْ َا ِم ِه ِع ْندَ َ ََساعِ َأ ْشهَدُ َأ َّن ُم َح َّمدً ا َر ُس: َو ِيف ِك َت ِاب الْ ِف ْرد َْو ِس وف الْ َجنَّ ِة) َوتَ َما ُم ُه ِيف َح َو ِاش الْ َب ْح ِر لِ َّلر ْم ِ ِل ْ ِ ُ َ . شء ْ َ َول َ ْم ي َ ِص َّح ِيف ال َم ْرفُوعِ م ْن ِك هَذا: ُ َّث قَا َل، َو َذ َك َر َذ ِ َل الْجِ َر ِاح َو َأ َطا َل،ع َْن الْ َم َق ِاص ِد الْ َح َس نَ ِة لِ َّلسخَاو ِِي 6
Al-Qur’an 3:36 wa innī u’īdhuhā bika wa dhurriyyatahā mina sh-shaitāni r-rajīm “And I seek refuge with You (Allah) for the infant and for the infant’s offspring from Satan, the accursed.”
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Sura al-Qadr:
bi-smi Llahi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm, innā anzalnāhu fī laylati l-qadr, wa mā adrāka mā laylatu lqadr, laylatu l-qadri khairu m-min alfi shahr, tanazzalu lmalā’ikatu wa r-rūḥu fī-hā bi-idhni rabbihim min kulli amr, salāmun hiya ḥattā maṭla’i l-fajr. “In the name of Allah, the universally merciful, the singularly compassionate. We have indeed revealed this (Message) in the Night of Power: And what will explain to thee what the night of power is? The Night of Power is better than a thousand months. Therein come down the angels and the Spirit by God’s permission, on every errand: Peace! ... This until the rise of morn!”
8
Taḥnîk should ideally be performed by a pious Muslim male. It is also Sunna for a female to do it.
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Placing children under the protection of Allah (Bukhari 3371/Abu Dawud 4737/At-Tirmidhi 2060): u’īdhu ka/ki/kumā/kum bi-kalimāti Llāhi t-tāmmati min kulli shaitānin wa hāmmah, wa min kulli ‘ainin lāmmah “I commend you (boy)/(girl)/two/all to the protection of Allah’s perfect words from every devil, vermin, and every evil eye.”
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ِ ُك ْم بِكَل ِ َما/ ُك َما/ ِك/اُع ِْي ُذ َك ِّت اهللِ ال َّتا َّم ِة ِم ْن كُل ، َو ِم ْن كُلِّ َعي ْ ٍن ََل َّم ٍة،َش ْي َطا ٍن َو َها َّم ٍة
Section on ‘Aqîqa: “‘Aqîqa or ‘the sacrificial offering on behalf of a child’ is a Sunna on the part of either the father or the mother. It can be offered at any time between the birth of a child and his/her attaining puberty. The Sunna is to make this offering soon after sunrise on the seventh day after the birth of the child. The offering consists of the sacrifice of a well-nourished goat or ox. It is Sunna to offer 2 goats on behalf of a male child. It is Sunna to separate the meat without damage to the bones, and to make gravy with the meat, adding a little sugar to taste, before distributing it. It is Sunna to give the right rear limb to the mid-wife, if she is a Muslim. With regards to apportioning the meat, the rules of Udhhiya apply i.e. allotting a share to oneself, giving a potion away as gift [hadiya], and giving a potion away in charity [ṣadaqa].” — Al-‘Arus, I (1999). fatḥu d-dayyān fī fiqhi khairi l-adyān. 2nd ed. Kuala Lumpur: A.S.Noordeen. p380.
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Chapter on Birth of a Child: “After making the offering of ‘Aqîqa on the seventh day after birth, it is Sunna to shave the infant’s head and to give away in charity [ṣadaqa] gold or silver to the weight of the hair removed. It is makrūh to leave a tuft of hair unshaved on the infant’s head. It is makrūh to apply on the infant’s head any blood obtained from the ‘Aqîqa.” — Al-‘Arus, I (1999). fatḥu d-dayyān fī fiqhi khairi l-adyān. 2nd ed. Kuala Lumpur: A.S.Noordeen. p381.
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Ta’wīz for Pacifying a Weeping Infant (to be placed under the head or pillow of the child):
ٍد
ٍط
ٍب
ٍج
ٍه
ٍز
ٍح
ا
ٍو
— Shuaib, T (2010). Al-Munjiyat. 5th ed. Kilakarai: Arusiyya Tekke. p346.
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Miscellaneous: “It is stated in Qalā’id that whoever has his head shaved on forty Wednesdays will grow up to be very learned in Jurisprudence. A saying which passed as Prophetic tradition among common people, viz. ‘whoever has his head shaved on forty Wednesdays will grow up to be very learned in Jurisprudence’ reached my mother when I was yet a child, and she actually put that into practice by having my head shaved accordingly. Allah has granted to me what He has granted to me, and I am grateful to Him.”
العامة تروي حديتا عنه صل للا عليه وسمل أن من حلق رأسه أربعني مرة يف أربعني أربعاء مار ففهيا قال أبو خمرمة وْل أعرف يف ذل شيئا يعمتل عليه والقياس فعل ،يوم امجلعة وقد َسعت أيم احلديث اّلي يذكرونه ففعلته ِببنا أربعني حلقة يف أربعني أربعاء مل يتحللها حلق يف غري اْلربعاء وقد حصل مطلو ْبا حبمد للا انشاء للا ) (قلئد، وقد روي حديث من بلغه عن فضيةل نعمل ْبا اكن ل ذل وأن مل أقل أو َنو ذل انهتى — Al-‘Arus, I (1999). fatḥu d-dayyān fī fiqhi khairi l-adyān. 2nd ed. Kuala Lumpur: A.S.Noordeen. p385. 14
Al-Qur’an 4:9 wa lyakhsha l-ladhīna law tarakū min khalfihim dhurriyyatan ḍi’āfan khāfū ‘alaihim falyattaqu Llaha wa lyaqūlū qawlan sadīdan. “Those people should be fearful (in their behaviour towards orphans) who, if they leave behind some helpless children, would remain anxious for them. So, they should fear Allah and say what is right.”
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And the parents reply:
هلل َخي ْ ًرا َ َ( َجزjazāka Llāhu khairan) or “May Allah reward you with goodness”. ُ اك ا
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