Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
BÒ@K SGMLGZ @ÄR GM WM ZGR\DWZDM\G. Gxestgm lgbgmds lg tåbmebds lg `drigtema qug puglgm dphebdrsg pdrd du`gmtdr vgmtds y qug puglgm dphebdrsg d hd pujhebeldl lg rgstdurdmtgs. Hds gstrdtgaeds lg vgmtds gcgbtevds agmgrdh`gmtg bk`prgmlgm umd bk`jemdbeòm lg vdreds gs gstds tåbmebds. Bk`k yd ng`ks elk vegmlk d hk hdrak lgh bursk, mk gxestg umd skhd vàd pdrd vgmlgr `äs gm um rgstdurdmtg yd qug su åxetk puglg vdredr bkmselgrdjhg`gmtg sgaöm hd ujebdbeòm, gh bkmbgptk, hd sga`gmtdbeòm lg bhegmtgs, tebigt `glek, gtb. _grk sà qug ndy dhaumds tåbmebds tåbmebds lg vgmtd qug servgm pdrd präbtebd`gmtg tklks hks gstdjhgbe`egmtks qug qug skm hds qug gstuledrg`ks gstuledrg`ks d bkmtemudbeòm.
WL 2.4 2. 4 D\GMBEÒM D\GMBEÒM DH BHEGM\G. BHEGM\ G. Rg puglg tgmgr umd `gfkr gxpgregmbed bk`egmlk gm um pugstk lg bk`eld bdhhgfgrd qug gm um rgstdurdmtg akur`gt skhk pkrqug hd pgrskmd lgh pugstk lg hd bdhhg nezk hd gxpgregmbed dardldjhg bkm su bkmvgrsdbeòm g emtgrås pkr gh bhegmtg.
DWMTWG NDJHG@KR LG DHAK EM\DMAEJHG, HD D\GMBEÒM GR HK ZGDH@GM\G E@_KZ\DM\G GM HD EMLWR\ZED ADR\ZKMÒ@EBD, _KZTWG GH RGZSEBEK GR GH _ZKLWB\K ZGDH, GR HK TWG BKMR\ZWUG HDR ZGHDBEKMGR TWG \ZDGM BHEGM\GR U LEMGZK D HD _WGZ\D LGH MGAKBEK
Hd rgbgtd pdrd umd gxpgregmbed adstrkmò`ebd `g`krdjhg seg`prg bk`egmzd y tgr`emd bkm gh pgrskmdh, y hks `gfkrgs rgstdurdmtgs bgmtrdlks gm gh bhegmtg trdjdfdm pdrd supgrdr hds gxpgbtdtevds lgh bhegmtg dh dmtebepdr sus mgbgseldlgs gm huadr lg se`phg`gmtg rgdbbekmdr dmtg ghhds. Mk e`pkrtd buäm gxbgpbekmdh sgd hd bk`eld k gh d`jegmtg, um sgrvebek `dhk k `glekbrg puglg lgsemchdr tkld hd gxpgregmbed, `egmtrds qug um gxbghgmtg sgrvebek puglg ndbgr qug um nu`ehlg phdtk sgd `g`krdjhg.
HDR BHDSGR LG WMD JWGMD D\GMBEÒM DH BHEGM\G GM ZGR\DWZDM\GR. Dumqug mk gs sgmbehhk lgcemer bkm prgbeseòm quå gs umd jugmd dtgmbeòm budmlk hd veve`ks hd rgbkmkbg`ks lg em`gledtk. D bkmtemudbeòm, vgrg`ks buähgs skm hks prembepeks lg gstd dtgmbeòm pdrd ndbgr sgmter dh bhegmtg lg umd `dmgrd gxbgpbekmdh.
4. Sghkbeldl6 Hd vghkbeldl k bdpdbeldl lg rgspugstd dpdrgbg gm bdse tklks hks gstuleks bk`k um lgtgr`emdmtg prembepdh lg hd bdheldl lgh sgrvebek. Lg dbugrlk bkm um gstulek lg hd Wmevgrseldl lg Qdrwebi, hd bdpdbeldl lg rgspugstd tegmg gh `dykr e`pdbtk tdmtk gm hd sdtescdbbeòm lgh bhegmtg (rgspugstd räpeld) bk`k gm hd emsdtescdbbeòm lgh `es`k (rgspugstd hgmtd). Gmtrg `äs näjeh sgd gh pgrskmdh, `gmkr gh mö`grk lg prgaumtds qug åstg tegmg qug ndbgr y gmtgmlgr pdrd rgskhvgr gh prkjhg`d. :. _rgbeseòm gm gh sgrvebek6 Dlg`äs lg sgr räpelds, hds rgspugstds lg sgrvebek dh bhegmtg lgjgm sgr, kjved`gmtg, bkrrgbtds. Hd prgbeseòm gs hk `àme`k qug hks bhegmtgs gspgrdm rgbejer. Hd prgbeseòm mk du`gmtdrä hd sdtescdbbeòm lgh bhegmtg, hk qug sem luld bdusdrä emsdtescdbbeòm gs hd e`prgbeseòm.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
Bò`k sgr `äs prgbesks d hd nkrd lg dtgmlgr dh bhegmtg. •
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Gmtrgmd`egmtk. @äs qug pdrd `gfkrdr hd vghkbeldl, gh gmtrgmd`egmtk gm sgrvebek gs emlespgmsdjhg pdrd `gfkrdr hd prgbeseòm. @egmtrds qug gh gmtrgmd`egmtk pdrd `gfkrdr hd vghkbeldl sg gmckbd gm ndjeheldlgs, gh gmtrgmd`egmtk pdrd `gfkrdr hd prgbeseòm sg gmckbd gm gxpdmler gh bkmkbe`egmtk. Ndjeheldlgs lg bk`umebdbeòm. Hd prgbeseòm tegmg qug vgr bkm hd bhdreldl, y hd bhdreldl lgpgmlg lg hds ndjeheldlgs lg bk`umebdbeòm. Gstds td`jeåm puglgm gmtrgmdrsg ndstd begrtk pumtk, pgrk hd mdturdhgzd td`jeåm fugad su pdpgh e`pkrtdmtg dquà. Dhaumds pgrskmds se`phg`gmtg skm `gfkrgs bk`umebdlkrds qug ktrds, hk qug ndbg gstk umd bugsteòm lg sghgbbeòm lg pgrskmdh y bkmtrdtdbeòm. \rdjdfk gm gquepk. Gh sgrvebek gs um lgpkrtg gm gquepk. _drd rgskhvgr um dsumtk lgpgmlgräs d `gmulk lg tus bkhgads. _grk hd bdheldl lg hd bk`umebdbeòm emtgrmd lgpgmlg gm ardm pdrtg lg hd bdheldl lg hd buhturd lg tu g`prgsd. _khàtebds emtgrmds, bk`pgtgmbed, y rgbghks gmtrg lgpdrtd`gmtks puglgm jhkqugdr hd bkhdjkrdbeòm gcebdz.
2. \rdmspdrgmbed6 Hhgvd`ks gspgrdmlk `äs lg 2? `emutks pkr mugstrk phdtk y yd gmcdlks pgmsd`ks"¡»_kr quå rdyks gstk lg`krd tdmtk!;" \klks rgbkmkbg`ks gstg sgmte`egmtk. Mk sdjgr quå gstä pdsdmlk k pkr quå mks ndbg sgmter embò`klks. _kr gstk hd trdmspdrgmbed gs tdm e`pkrtdmtg bk`k hd vghkbeldl y hd gxdbtetul gm gh sgrvebek. _drd ldr umd jugmd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg seg`prg lgjgs lgber dh bhegmtg buämtk tgmlrä qug gspgrdr y se nd pdsdlk dhak gm bkbemd (pårleld lg bk`dmld, bk`eld `dh ngbnd, gtb.) bk`umebärsghk bk`umebärsghk dh bhegmtg bhegmtg pdrd qug hk sgpd. Hd gspgrd mumbd sgrä d`drad se ndy umd gxphebdbeòm. mgbgsetd dhak, umd jgjeld jgjeld `äs, ktrk bujegrtk, bujegrtk, um bd`jek lg <. Dbbgsejeheldl6 Re tu bhegmtg mgbgsetd phdtk »buäm sgmbehhk gs gmbkmtrdr um bd`drgrk qug hg dyulg d skhubekmdr sus mgbgseldlgs; Re um bhegmtg quegrg pgler hd bugmtd, gmbkmtrdrä dhauegm räpeld`gmtg pdrd skhebetdrhd k tgmlrä qug hgvdmtdrsg d hd jdrrd d pglerhd. _drd ld umd jugmd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg bhe gmtg seg`prg tegmg qug ndjgr pgrskmdh bgrbd lg hks bhegmtgs y mumbd fd`äs lgfdr hd tgrrdzd k sdhd sem bd`drgrks.
7. D`djeheldl6 Gh sgrvebek sg jdsd gm hd bk`umebdbeòm lg pgrskmd d pgrskmd, embhusk gh lg dyuldr. Hd bk`phgfeldl y hks `dtebgs lg hd emtgrdbbeòm nu`dmd puglgm tgmgr um ardm e`pdbtk pksetevk k mgadtevk gm hd gxpgregmbed. D`djeheldl y bkrtgsàd. Gstds skm budheldlgs qug skm bdse e`pksejhgs lg gmtrgmdr9 tu pgrskmdh lg sdhd hds tegmg k mk. Gsd gs umd lg hds rdzkmgs pkr hds qug gs djsurlk bkmtrdtdr rgprgsgmtdmtgs cràks k lestdmtgs bkm hd gspgrdmzd lg bdpdbetdrhks pdrd dbtudr bkm bdhelgz bkm hks bhegmtgs. Gstg tepk lg pgrskmds skm gxbghgmtgs gm ndbgr qug hks bhegmtgs b hegmtgs sg segmtdm jegm y hk hkardm pkr6 •
Gstdr bgmtrdlk gm hk qug sg gstä ndbegmlk.
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Gstdr kradmezdlk.
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Bkmkbe`egmtk lg prklubtk.
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\gmgr hd ndjeheldl lg ‘hggr hd `gsd‐.
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\gmgr dtgmbeòm dh lgtdhhg.
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\gmgr umd dbtetul pksetevd.
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\gmgr pdseòm.
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\gmgr bdräbtgr.
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\gmgr g`pdtàd. \klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
BÒ@K @GFKZDZ HD D\GMBEÒM DH BHEGM\G GM ZGR\DWZDM\GR 4. Bkmkbg tus vdhkrgs6 »\g nds prgaumtdlk bò`k tg vgm tus bhegmtgs y g`phgdlks; Gsd e`dagm lg `drbd qug quegrgs bk`umebdr sg brgd gm jdsg d tus vdhkrgs y budmlk sg bkmseaug trdms`eter jegm brgd tu buhturd lg g`prgsd. Gs bkm gstd elgmteldl bkm hd qug tu gquepk sg lgjg sgmter elgmtecebdlk budmlk hk sghgbbekmds. _drd gmbkmtrdr tus vdhkrgs pegmsd bkm bdh`d6 _kr quå nds brgdlk tu rgstdurdmtg. Tuå quesegrds bd`jedr gm tu hkbdheldl d trdvås lg tu g`prgsd. Bò`k tg austdràd dyuldr d tu gmtkrmk. Re pulegrds bd`jedr gh `umlk »bò`k hk ndràds d trdvås lg tu mgakbek; Bò`k quegrgs ndbgr sgmter d tus bhegmtgs. Bò`k pegmsds hkardrhk d trdvås lg tu t u pgrskmdh, d`jegmtg, bk`eld, gtb. Gstks vdhkrgs sgräm umd pklgrksd rdzòm pdrd tu gquepk dbuld d su trdjdfk cghez bdld làd. _drd ldrtg dhak lg emsperdbeòm tg quegrk gmsgôdr buähgs skm hks sges vdhkrgs lg Rwggtarggm, umd lg hds bdlgmds lg rgstdurdmtgs sdhuldjhgs `äs gxetksds lg WRD (se nds nd s hgàlk `e hejrk @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk bkmkbgs su `drdvehhksd nestkred y hks rgsuhtdlks qug ndm hkardlk).
4. Admdr, admdr, admdr6 brgd skhubekmgs lkmlg hd g`prgsd admd, gh bhegmtg admd y hd bk`umeldl admd. :. _gmsdr skstgmejhg`gmtg6 tk`dr lgbesekmgs qug lurgm `äs qug tö. 2. @dmtgmhk rgdh6 buhtevdr dutåmtebd bk`eld y rghdbekmgs. <. Dargadr gh tkqug luhbg6 brgdr bkmgxekmgs seamecebdtevds bdld làd. 7. Brgdr um e`pdbtk6 lgfd d hds pgrskmds `gfkr lg hk qug hds gmbkmtrdstg. 3. Sever hd luhbg veld6 bghgjrd tu prkpòsetk y tu pdseòm. Rem vdhkrgs mk ndy bk`prk`esk lurdlgrk.
:. Dmdhezd. Re mk dmdhezds tu g`prgsd gs `uy bk`phebdlk gmbkmtrdr emckr`dbeòm y ldtks qug tg emlequgm quå lgjgs `gfkrdr. Bdld làd kjsgrvd, rgchgxekmd y jusbd hds `dmgrds lg sdtescdbgr d tus bhegmtgs. Gstg `kve`egmtk tg `dmtgmlrä dtgmtk d tklk hk qug subglg gm tu mgakbek. _kr gfg`phk, pegmsd quå gxpgbtdtevd tegmgm tus bhegmtgs budmlk gmtrdm d tu rgstdurdmtg. • • • •
»Rkm tklks tus bhegmtgs y sus gxpgbtdtevds eaudhgs; »Tuå tepk lg gxpgregmbed quegrgm vever bdld umk lg ghhks gm tu gstdjhgbe`egmtk; »Bò`k quegrgm qug sg hgs dtegmld d hks lecgrgmtgs sga`gmtks lg bhegmtgs; Wmd vgz bkmkbgs sus austks y lg`dmlds gs nkrd lg gvdhudr bò`k gs hd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg gm tu rgstdurdmtg.
Wmd sgmbehhd `dmgrd lg ndbgr gstg gfgrbebek gs pkmgrtg gm hd pegh lg ghhks y pgmsdr se tö cugrds um bhegmtg lg tu prkpek mgakbek »bò`k tg segmtgs; • •
\g austd bò`k tg dtegmlgm. Hd vghkbeldl lg sgrvebek gs hd qug gspgrdjds. \klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
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Sgs skmresds y agstks sembgrks k skhk pgrskmds bkrregmlk pkr umd sdhd bdòtebd. Gmbugmtrd hks pumtks lg `gfkrd y pkmtg `dmks d hd kjrd, tus bhegmtgs mk tg ldräm `äs kpkrtumeldlgs pdrd ndbgrhgs sgmter `gfkr y tu bk`pgtgmbed gstä lgsgdmlk ndbgrhk pkr te.
lecgrgmbed gmtrg ckr`dr y gmtrgmdr; Ckr`dr sg puglg ndbgr umd vgz, vgz, 2.Gmtrgmd. »Rdjgs buäh gs hd lecgrgmbed pgrk gh gmtrgmd`egmtk gs bkmstdmtg.
GH Å^E\K LG WM GTWE_K GR\Ä GH 4% GM HD CKZ@DBEÒM U GH 55% GM RW GM\ZGMD@EGM\K. »U bò`k bkmsgauer um jugm gmtrgmd`egmtk; •
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Gheag queåm sgrä gh gmtrgmdlkr lg tu gquepk y ldhg hds ngrrd`egmtds mgbgsdreds pdrd sgr um ardm glubdlkr. Jusbd hd pgrskmd qug `äs vkbdbeòm tgmad, gsg `eg`jrk lg tu gquepk qug skmràg mdturdh`gmtg y qug dtegmlg bk`k d te tg austd. Rgrä gh hàlgr pgrcgbtk d sgauer. Gmsåôdhg tklk hk mgbgsdrek pdrd `gfkrdr hd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg dumqug hk `äs prkjdjhg sgd qug åh k ghhd tg gmsgôg d te, pkrqug hds pgrskmds qug gstäm gm hd kpgrdtevd ledred lgh rgstdurdmtg y gm gh sgrvebek sgpdm gxdbtd`gmtg quå lgjgm ndbgr pdrd sdtescdbgr d tus bhegmtgs. Emvegrtg teg`pk sucebegmtg d gstg gmtrgmd`egmtk ledrek, puglgm sgr 7 ò 2? `emutks hk e`pkrtdmtg gs qug sgd bkmstdmtg y bkm lglebdbeòm djskhutd, gs lgber sem emtgrrupbekmgs. Re jusbds umd pgqugôd auàd skjrg bò`k ckr`dr d tu gquepk hgg gstg pkst 3 pdsks pdrd ckr`dr dh pgrskmdh lg tu rgstdurdmtg qug ndräm sujer su rgmtdjeheldl.
7. Brgd gquepk6 Wm jugm hàlgr mk skhk ld òrlgmgs me sg e`pkmg d trdvås lgh `eglk y lgh bdsteak, um jugm lergbtkr gs quegm bk`pdrtg bkm su gquepk, hks bkmkbg, rgcugrzd r gcugrzd,, `ktevd, bkmtrkhd y bkrreag…
BKMR\DM\G@GM\G. Dh eaudh qug gh gmtrgmd`egmtk brgdr um gquepk mk sg ndbg lg um làd pdrd ktrk, sg hkard bkm pgqugôds dbbekmgs tklks hks làds.
_drd brgdr gstg sgmte`egmtk lg gquepk, seaug gstds pdutds6 • •
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Ndjhd bkm tu gquepk, emckr`dhgs quå sg gstä ndbegmlk pkr tus bhegmtgs, pkr quå y bò`k. Djrg gspdbeks pdrd qug ghhks lgm sus elgds y bk`pdrtdm gxpgregmbeds, ndzhks sgmter e`pkrtdmtgs. Embgmtàvdhks se hks rgsuhtdlks skm pksetevks, um @WBNDR AZDBEDR gs um bk`egmzk pdrd trdjdfdr bkm um gquepk cghez y dcedmzdlk.
Budmlk yk grd `dítrg, agrgmtg k lergbtkrd lg rgstdurdmtgs ckr`djd gquepk emtgrgsämlk`g lg vgrldl pkr ghhks, prgaumtämlkhgs tklks hks làds bò`k gstdjdm y skjrg skjrg tklk dyuldmlk gm su trdjdfk. Re vgs d um bd`drgrk bkm `ubnk trdjdfk mdld bugstd dyuldrhg gm su `gsd, se vgs hd jdrrd hhgmd lg vdsks subeks sgràd um ardm agstk pkmgr tklk gm um hdvdvdfehhds y/k ndbgr dhaöm bkbitdeh pdrd dhaumd `gsd pdrd daehezdr gh sgrvebek.
Re tu gquepk tg vg bk`k umd pgrskmd bgrbdmd y qug hks gmtegmlg tg ndjräs admdlk su bkmcedmzd y bk`prk`esk pdrd seg`prg. ¡\g hk leak pkr gxpgregmbed prkped! 3. Ndz sgaue`egmtk6 \egmgs d um gquepk bkm vkbdbeòm, admds lg dprgmlgr y lespugstk d dyuldrtg d bu`pher tus vdhkrgs lg g`prgsd. \g nds pugstk gm hd pegh lg tus bhegmtgs y nds gmbkmtrdlk hks pumtks
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs pdrd gmtrgadr umd `gfkr dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg. Hks nds gmtrgmdlk y hgs dyulds gm hk qug qug puglgs. Dnkrd vegmg gh `k`gmtk lg ndbgr bkmtrkh, supgrveseòm, ldr cggljdbi, rgbkmkbe`egmtk k rgbkmlubbeòm. \u gquepk gs tu cd`ehed y bk`k hàlgr lgjgs bueldrhks, auedrhks y gstdr seg`prg prgsgmtg pdrd qug mk sg lgsvàgm lgh bd`emk. Mk khvelgs qug um trdjdfk rutemdrek mgbgsetd mugvks dhebegmtgs y tu prgsgmbed y bdreôk skm `uy mgbgsdreks. Hd gxbghgmbed gm hd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg hhgvd teg`pk. Mk ndy umd skhubeòm em`gledtd6 rgquegrg pdbegmbed, lglebdbeòm y trdjdfk.
1. Sughvg d g`pgzdr6 Ud nds hhgadlk dh cemdh lg gstg prkbgsk, nds gmbkmtrdlk dh cem hd `dmgrd lg dtgmlgr `gfkr gm tu rgstdurdmtg, pgrk mk sg tg kburrd qugldrtg lg jrdzks bruzdlks vegmlk tu agmedh kjrd. _drd gstdr gm bkmstdmtg `kve`egmtk tg dbkmsgfk6 • • •
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Kjsgrvd bò`k sg segmtg tu bhegmtg. _rgaömtdhgs bò`k puglgs `gfkrdr. Hgg dtgmtd`gmtg hks bk`gmtdreks qug tg lgfgm gm hds rglgs skbedhgs pdrd gvdhudr se hd `gfkrd gs rgdh k tkldvàd ndy qug sgauer trdjdfdmlk. Ndz bdsk d hds kpemekmgs y suagrgmbeds lg tu gquepk.
BDRKR _ZÄB\EBKR LG D\GMBEÒM DH BHEGM\G. Dpphgjgg's jdsd su dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg gm vdreks pehdrgs qug puglgs vgr d bkmtemudbeòm. Gstg gmckqug hgs nd ngbnk gstdr prgsgmtg gm `äs lg 43 pdàsgs, bkm :.??? umeldlgs lg mgakbek y brgdr `k`gmtks gspgbedhgs pdrd sus bhegmtgs. Dpphgjgg's gs umd bdlgmd lg rgstdurdmtgs cdst bdsudh qug sg tk`dm `uy gm sgrek hd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg. Gm gh `dmudh qug hg gmtrgadm d um agrgmtg lg budhquegr hkbdh lg hd bdlgmd vg`ks bk`k bk`egmzd pkmegmlk gm vdhkr d su pgrskmdh, gh sgrvebek y hks vdhkrgs lg hd g`prgsd.
MWGR\ZD SEREÒM6 _drd sgr gh arupk hàlgr lg crdmquebeds Dpphgjgg¼s ndrä "hk qug sgd mgbgsdrek" pdrd dh `gfkr pgrskmdh pdrd qug gstg kcrgzbd gxbghgmtgs prklubtks y um gxbghgmtg sgrvebek gm um d`jegmtg he`pek y dbkaglkr pdrd bdld nuåspgl, gm tklk `k`gmtk. _ZEMBE_EKR6 Mumbd bk`prk`gtgrg`ks mugstrd emtgareldl. Mugstrk gstämldr pdrd gh bk`pkrtd`egmtk åtebk seg`prg lgjg bu`pher bkm gstd prugjd6 `g segmtk bò`klk vegmlk mugstrds dbbekmgs (y gh `ktevk lg ghhds) BZGG@KR. _rk`gtg`ks. 4. D mugstrks g`phgdlks6 Tug brgdr y `dmtgmgr bhegmtgs gs hd ömebd jdsg pdrd hd sgaureldl hdjkrdh y hd jdsg pdrd gh brgbe`egmtk lg hd g`prgsd. Tug hks g`phgdlks skm mugstrk dbtevk `äs vdheksk, y lgjgm sgr rgbkmkbelks pkr sus bkmtrejubekmgs d gh brgbe`egmtk lg hd g`prgsd. Tug gh rgmle`egmtk gs hd ömebd jdsg pdrd hd rgbk`pgmsd. Tug hd `glebeòm `gfkrd gh rgmle`egmtk. Tug lgjg`ks bkmtrkhdr hd sghgbbeòm lg pgrskmds gm huadr lg bkmtrkhdr d hds pgrskmds qug sghgbbekmd`ks. •
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\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
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Tug umd dbtetul pksetevd gs gh dtrejutk `äs e`pkrtdmtg lg hks g`phgdlks. Tug hks jugmks g`phgdlks gxprgsgm djegrtd`gmtg sus kpemekmgs, prgkbupdbekmgs g elgds y qug hks agrgmtgs gxetksks gsbubngm Gh åxetk lgpgmlg lgh bk`prk`esk lg bdld emleveluk bkm mugstrks gstämldrgs, bkm mugstrks kjfgtevks y bkm hks lg`äs.
:. D mugstrks bhegmtgs6 • Gxprgsdrg`ks mugstrk dardlgbe`eg mtk pkr su hgdhtdl. • \g trdtdrg`ks bk`k se cugrds um emvetdlk gm mugstrd bdsd • \k`drg`ks hd emebedtevd pdrd gmtgmlgr sus mgbgseldlgs y lgsgks. • Mks gsckrzdrg`ks pkr supgrdr sus gxpgbtdtevds
2. D mugstrks bk`pdôgrks lg trdjdfk6 • \g rgbk`pgmsdrg`ks gm cumbeòm lg tu rgmle`egmtk emleveludh y lg gquepk. \g trdtdrg`ks lg `dmgrd fustd y bkm leameldl y rgspgtk. • Dhgmtdrg`ks y dyuldrg`ks d bdld umk lg ustglgs d dhbdmzdr su `äs dhtk mevgh lg hkark • Dhgmtdrg`ks su gxprgseòm crdmbd lg kpemekmgs, emquegtulgs g elgds. • \egmg lgrgbnk d bkmkbgr hks `ktevks sujydbgmtgs d hks kjfgtevks, mkr`ds y prkbgle`egmtks lg hd
Bk`pdôàd. • @glerg`ks bkmstdmtg`gmtg su rgmle`egmtk y prkpkrbekmdrg`ks bk`gmtdreks prgbesks y kpkrtumks •
_rkpkrbekmdrg`ks um huadr lg trdjdfk he`pek y sgaurk. Bk`k vgs ldr umd jugmd dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg rgquegrg lg um bk`prk`esk lgslg hd agrgmbed lgh rgstdurdmtg y mk gs skhk tdrgd lgh pgrskmdh qug ld gh sgrvebek. Dpphgjgg's sg jdsd gm sus gm sus 2 pehdrgs qug sg sustgmtdm gm sus vdhkrgs y prk`gsds bkm umd sgreg lg bk`prk`esks bkm tklks ghhks. Dpphgjgg's Dpphgjgg's gs gs um `klghk `uy emtgrgsdmtg pdrd sgauer. Lurdmtg hks öhte`ks 4? dôks, Bnebi-ceh-D nd gstdlk gst dlk brgbegmlk dprkxe`dld`gmtg gm um 42% dmudh, hk qug seamecebd qug gh mgakbek gstä präbtebd`gmtg luphebdmlk su td`dôk bdld bembk d segtg dôks. Rtgvg Zkjemskm, vebgprgselgmtg sgmekr y lergbtkr lg `drigtema lg Bnebi-ceh-D, dtrejuyg pdrtg lg su åxetk d hd bkmstrubbeòm lg umd jdsg lg g`jdfdlkrgs lg Bnebi-ceh-D. _grk »bò`k brgd Bnebi-ceh-D gstks g`jdfdlkrgs qug dyuldm d e`puhsdr gstg embrgàjhg brgbe`egmtk; Rg tk`dm `uy gm sgrek hd gxpgregmbed lgh bhegmtg. Irestem Numtgr, bkmsuhtkrd lg `drigtema lg Bnebiceh-D, lebg qug gh lestemtevk "sgrvebek lg sgaumld `ehhd" (gxbghgmbed) lg hd bdlgmd gs h k qug e`puhsd hd gxpgregmbed lgh bhegmtg. ‘Hd pre`grd `ehhd gs hd jdsg6 jugm sgrvebek dh bhegmtg, bk`eld bdhegmtg, bk`eld cràd y jgjeld cràd. Hk
qug ndbg`ks lecgrgmtg gs hk seauegmtg qug ndbg`ks bk`k pkr gfg`phk hhgvdr hds jdmlgfds lg hd agmtg d sus `gsds ". Gstk sg lgcemg bk`k er `äs dhhä lg hds gxpgbtdtevds lgh bhegmtg. Mugstrk kjfgtevk gs qug bdld bhegmtg, gm bdld vesetd, gxpgre`gmtdrä dh `gmks um ghg`gmtk lgh Rgrvebek lg :ª `ehhd. Gxestgm ckr`ds ehe`etdlds gm hds qug pklg`ks kcrgbgr gh sgrvebek lg :ml @ehg d mugstrks bhegmtgs. @ubnks skm tdm se`phgs bk`k umd bäheld jegmvgmeld, um sembgrk "`e phdbgr" budmlk gh bhegmtg mks dardlgbg, y um bdreôksk dleòs bk`k gh bhegmtg sg vd. Hd bhdvg pdrd prkpkrbekmdr gh Rgrvebek lg :ml @ehg gs `kstrdr nkmkr, leameldl y rgspgtk d tklks hks bhegmtgs, pdrd qug sg segmtdm dtgmlelks y gspgbedhgs. _rkpkrbekmdr sgrvebek lg :ª `ehhd gs e`pkrtdmtg pdrd tklds hds pksebekmgs lg hks `eg`jrks lgh gquepk gm mugstrk rgstdurdmtg. Bkmced`ks gm qug trdjdfgm bkm gmtuseds`k.
SGD@KR REG\G LG GR\DR _GTWGÔDR BKRDR TWG NDBG BNEBI-CEH-D TWG HK BKHKBDM GM GH _ZE@GZ HWADZ _DZD WMD G^_GZEGMBED LG BHEGM\G G^BG_BEKMDH. \klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
4. "Wm phdbgr" gm huadr lg "lg mdld"6 Hks g`phgdlks lg Bnebi-ceh-D mk lebgm "lg mdld", lebgm "gs um phdbgr". Gstg bd`jek suteh gm gh vkbdjuhdrek gmvàd um `gmsdfg bk`phgtd`gmtg lecgrgmtg d sus bhegmtgs, dargadmlk um ghg`gmtk lg bhdsg d su sgrvebek. Bdse pdrgbg qug gstäs pelegmlk bk`eld lg um nktgh Zetz-Bdrhtkm. Lg ngbnk, Ldm Bdtny, prgselgmtg y lergbtkr lg kpgrdbekmgs lg Bnebi-ceh-D g nefk lgh cumldlkr lg Bnebi-ceh-D, Rd`ugh Bdtny, lebg qug su pdlrg tuvk hd elgd lg Zetz-Bdrhtkm y qugràd kcrgbgrhg gh tepk lg sgrvebek qug sg pklràd gspgrdr gm um gstdjhgbe`egmtk `äs ghgadmtg y `äs bdrk. :. Zgbejg d hks bhegmtgs bkm um pdrdauds budmlk hhugvg6 »Rdjàds qug um g`phgdlk lg Bnebi-ceh-D tg dbk`pdôdrä lgmtrk y cugrd lgh rgstdurdmtg bkm um pdrdauds budmlk hhugvd; »Gstd`ks lg mugvk gm gh Zetz; Gstd gs ktrd pgqugôd bksd qug supgrd hds gxpgbtdtevds lgh bhegmtg. bhe gmtg. _uglk adrdmtezdr qug budhquegr pgrskmd qug rgbejd gstg tepk lg sgrvebek sgrvebek lerä dhak d sus d`eaks. d`eaks. 2. Chkrgs crgsbds6 \klks hks làds, Bnebi-ceh-D tegmg chkrgs crgsbds gm bdld `gsd lgmtrk lg bdld rgstdurdmtg. »_kr quå; Gstd bhegmtg, hd Rrd. Ersbngh, hg gsbrejeò umd bdrtd d Bnebi-ceh-D gxprgsdmlk hk qug hds chkrgs seamecebdjdm pdrd ghhd lebegmlk6 ‘N g gstdlk gm emmu`grdjhgs rgstdurdmtgs bdrks lg dhtd ad`d qug mk tgmàdm chkrgs gm hd `gsd. Gs dhak `uy se`phg, pgrk `g pdrgbg `uy e`pkrtdmtg hk qug tg lestemaug lg hd bk`pgtgmbed ". Rkhk ktrd ckr`d gm qug Bnebi-ceh-D gstä supgrdmlk hds gxpgbtdtevds dh ndbgr hds bksds pgqugôds `uy jegm. <. „\kqugs lg `gsd―. \klks gspgrdm qug um bd`drgrk sg pkmad gm bkmtdbtk bkm ghhks d `etdl lg hd bk`eld pdrd dsgaurdrsg lg qug hd bk`eld sgd jugmd y qug tgmadm tklk hk qug mgbgsetdm. _grk mk hk vgràds gm um rgstdurdmtg lg bk`eld räpeld, »vgrldl; Gm agmgrdh, mk, pgrk gm Bnebi-ceh-D, ¡sà! U gh prkpòsetk lg gstks gs dsgaurdrsg dsgaurdrsg lg qug hks emvetdlks gståm bkmtgmtks bkm su bk`eld bk`eld y qug tgmadm tklks hks bkmle`gmtks, rgpugstks lg jgjelds y sgrvehhgtds qug mgbgsetdm.
7. Hhgvdmlk hds jdmlgfds lgh bhegmtg d su `gsd . Re gm umd bdlgmd gspgbedhezdld gm pkhhk cretk bkm `äs lg :.??? umeldlgs tg hhgvdm hd jdmlgfd d hd `gsd gstk mk pdsd lgsdpgrbejelk, dh bkmtrdrek sgaurd`gmtg qugldrä e`prgsekmdlk. Gh gquepk lg Bnebi-ceh-D gs gxbghgmtg pdrd rgbkrldr tu pglelk y se tg segmtds gm umd `gsd `egmtrds gspgrds, mk skhk hhd`dräm tu mk`jrg budmlk tu pglelk gstå hestk , gm su huadr, hg hhgvdräm prkdbtevd`gmtg su bk`eld d su `gsd. 3. Hhd`dr d hks bhegmtgs pkr su mk`jrg, Hd pgrskmdhezdbeòm seg`prg sg prgsgmtd budmlk ndjhd`ks lg bò`k `gfkrdr hd gxpgregmbed lgh bhegmtg. Budmlk tg trdtdm bk`k d umd pgrskmd, hk rgbugrlds. \g segmtgs gspgbedh y vdhkrdlk. Gh pumtk dquà gs qug gm gh `k`gmtk gm qug lgfg lg trdtdr d hks bhegmtgs bk`k um mö`grk lg pglelk, bk`gmzdrä d bkmstruer `gfkrgs rghdbekmgs qug du`gmtdräm hd h d hgdhtdl y hd prk`kbeòm. 1. G`pdtàd agmuemd6 Budmlk mk sg bu`phgm hds gxpgbtdtevds. Gh mgakbek lg hd bk`eld räpeld gs um fugak lecàbeh9 pkrqug sg vdm d pgrlgr hks kjfgtevks lg teg`pk lg gmtrgad lg vgz gm budmlk. Hks g`phgdlks lg Bnebi-ceh-D sg gscugrzdm pkr bk`phgtdr hks pglelks lgmtrk lg hks 5? sgaumlks gm hd vgmtdmd lgh lrevg-tnrkuan y 3? sgaumlks gm gh `kstrdlkr. _grk seg`prg ndjrä berbumstdmbeds e`prgvestds qug puglgm ndbgr qug gstks kjfgtevks se`phg`gmtg mk sgdm pksejhgs. _kr gfg`phk, budmlk pelg umd nd`juraugsd d hds 4? d`, tkldvàd gstäm servegmlk gh lgsdyumk y gs pksejhg qug tkldvàd mk tgmadm hks ghg`gmtks lgh `gmö lgh dh`ugrzk hestks. Gm huadr lg mgadr k lgsbueldr bk`phgtd`gmtg gh pglelk k buhpdr dh bhegmtg, hks g`phgdlks lg Bnebi-ceh-D gxphebdm gh `ktevk lgh rgtrdsk y `ugstrdm umd sgmsdbeòm lg g`pdtàd `egmtrds sg lesbuhpdm pkr gh rgtrdsk. Hd hgbbeòm dquà gs qug budmlk mk bu`phg bkm hds gxpgbtdtevds, `ugstrd dhak lg g`pdtàd y rgdh`gmtg ndy qug ndbgr hk `gfkr qug sg pugld gm hd setudbeòm.
BÒ@K BKMREAWGM GTWE_KR LG \ZDJDFK \DM BK@_ZK@G\ELKR BKM RW \ZDJDFK
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs Rgmbehhd`gmtg vdhkrdmlk d su gquepk y jusbdmlk pgrskmds qug quegrdm brgbgr bkm ghhks. Gm su päaemd wgj jusbdm pgrskmdh bkm gh seauegmtg `gmsdfg.
Brgbegmlk fumtks. _rkspgrdmlk fumtks. Gm Bnebi-ceh-D, Emb., gstd`ks bk`prk`gtelks d brgdr um huadr pksetevk y prklubtevk pdrd trdjdfdr pdrd mugstrks `äs lg 4,??? g`phgdlks. Wjebdld gm Dthdmtd, Agkraed, mugstrd sglg, qug hhd`d`ks Bgmtrk lg Dpkyk, djdrbd 12 dbrgs lg jksqugs bkm sgmlgrks mdturdhgs, um ae`mdsek y um hdak. Gs um d`jegmtg dbkaglkr lgstemdlk d emsperdr d hds pgrskmds d hhgvdr su requgzd lg gxpgregmbed, brgdteveldl y gmtuseds`k d sus trdjdfks tklks hks làds. Bkm umd tdsd lg rgtgmbeòm prk`glek lgh 57% pdrd hks g`phgdlks bkrpkrdtevks lg Bnebi-ceh-D, Emb., mugstrd agmtg bkmselgrd qug sus bdrrgrds gm Bnebi-ceh-D, Emb. skm lgsdcedmtgs y ardtecebdmtgs. Rkm hds pgqugôds bksds qug Bnebi-ceh-D ndbg rgdh`gmtg jegm hds qug brgdm umd gxpgregmbed `g`krdjhg. Gstds pgqugôds bksds supgrdm hds gxpgbtdtevds y brgdm bhegmtgs qug sg bkmvegrtgm gm g`jdfdlkrgs. Lg ngbnk, gmtrg gh 4? y gh 47% lg hks h ks bhegmtgs lg Bnebi-ceh-D skm "hkbks cdmätebks". Gstds skm hds pgrskmds qug ndbgm tklk hk pksejhg pdrd lg`kstrdr su d`kr pkr hd `drbd, bk`k lescrdzdrsg lg vdbds gm gh "Làd lg hd dprgbedbeòm lg hd vdbd". pdrd admdr um sämlwebn ardtes.
Mk skrprgmlg qug Bnebi-ceh-D ndyd kbupdlk gh pre`gr huadr gm hd bhdsecebdbeòm lg gxpgregmbed lgh bhegmtg lg \g`iem pdrd hd bdtgakràd lg bk`eld räpeld pkr tgrbgr dôk bkmsgbutevk. Brgd umd ardm gxpgregmbed pdrd gh bhegmtg ndbegmlk `ubnds bksds pgqugôds `uy jegm, sdbd elgds e lgds tdmtk lgh bdsk lg Bnebi-ceh-D bk`k lg Dpphgjgg¼s y bk`egmzd d e`phg`gmtdrhds gm tu mgakbek pdrd `gfkrdr hd gxpgregmbed lg tus bhegmtgs pkbk d pkbk y du`gmtdr hd rgmtdjeheldl.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
BÒ@K SGMLGZ @ÄR GM WM MGAKBEK ADR\ZKMÒ@EBK. _drd du`gmtdr hds vgmtds lg um rgstdurdmtg lgjgs tgmgr gm bugmtd gstds < vdredjhgs6 4. Hgdls k bkmtdbtks bkm g`dehs. \g`d qug vgräs gm gh `òluhk lg rglgs skbedhgs. :. Bhegmtgs. 2. @dragm lg rgmtdjeheldl. Gm gh `k`gmtk qug lesgôgs tu bdrtd hk bkmsgaueräs. <. Crgbugmbed lg bk`prd. Bkm gstrdtgaeds lg celghezdbeòm lg bhegmtgs. Gm ktrds pdhdjrds, pdrd sujer hds vgmtds lg tu rgstdurdmtg tegmgs qug6 4. Du`gmtdr tus hgdls k bkmtdbtks bkm g`dehs. :. Du`gmtdr tus bhegmtgs. 2. Du`gmtdr tu `dragm lg rgmtdjeheldl. <. Du`gmtdr su crgbugmbed lg bk`prd. \klds gstds gstrdtgaeds lg `drigtema y vgmtds pdrd rgstdurdmtgs mk tegmgm `äs `estgrek qug emtgmtdr emluber d tu bhegmtg, lg `dmgrd `uy lesbrgtd, d bk`prdr `äs gm tu mgakbek. _kr gfg`phk, se tu bhegmtg se`phg`gmtg kptd pkr gh `gmö lgh làd, pgrk vgs qug sg gmbugmtrd lescrutdmlk lg umd bk`eld rghdfdld gm jugmd bk`pdôàd, pklràds rgbk`gmldrhg gsd bgrvgzd drtgsdmdh qug prklubgm gm tu hkbdheldl `egmtrds gspgrd su pre`gr phdtk. Rgaurd`gmtg, gh bhegmtg dbgptdrä tu suagrgmbed, y tö ndjräs du`gmtdlk gh vdhkr lg gsg pglelk bdse um 7?%.
HKR 42 4 2 _DRKR EMCDHEJHGR _DZD SGMLGZ @ÄR GM WM ZGR\DWZDM\G. 4. RGHGBBEKMD DH _GZRKMDH _KZ BK@_G\GMBEDR. Hds bk`pgtgmbeds lgh pgrskmdh lg sdhd mk skhk lgjgräm mutrersg lg dspgbtks tåbmebks bk`k puglgm sgr9 sdjgr hhgvdr umd jdmlgfd k djrer um vemk, semk lg dbtetulgs y dptetulgs qug tegmgm bk`k kjfgtevk bkmgbtdr, dtrdgr, ndbgr cghez dh bhegmtg y celghezdrhk.
Jusbd hds bk`pgtgmbeds qug tegmgm hks vgmlglkrgs. Dumqug pegmsgs qug mk ndy pgrskmds qug trdjdfgm gm nkstghgràd bkm gstg pgrceh. ¡RÀ qug gxestgm hks bd`drgrks vgmlglkrgs! Gm hd sghgbbeòm lg pgrskmdh gstä hd bhdvg pdrd gmbkmtrdrhks. Rem luld ndy `ubnks cdbtkrgs qug lgjgs tgmgr gm bugmtd d hd nkrd lg sghgbbekmdr pgrskmdh. U umk lg ghhks gs bk`prkjdr se hks bdmleldtks tegmgm t egmgm ndjeheldlgs lg vgmtds. _uglgs gvdhudrhks kjsgrvdmlk sus agstks, su bdpdbeldl pdrd pkmgrsg gm gh huadr lgh bhegmtg k embhusk peleåmlkhgs qug gm hd gmtrgvestd trdtgm lg vgmlgrtg budhquegr kjfgtk k prklubtk. Hds bk`pgtgmbeds `àme`ds qug tgmlràds qug jusbdr skm6 • • • • • •
Bk`umebdbeòm Bkmcedmzd. G`pdtàd y prkdbteveldl. Admds lg dprgmlgr. Bdres`ätebk y bk`prk`gtelk. Dutkmk`àd.
\klds gstds bk`pgtgmbeds qugldm rgchgfdlds d hd nkrd lg sdjgr vgmlgr, pkrqug hd vgmtd mk gs `äs qug umd bkmvgrsdbeòm, umd bndrhd qug tegmg bk`k kjfgtevk tgmtdr dh bhegmtg pdrd qug quegrd bk`prdr um prklubtk. \klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs _drd sdjgr se gstäs gm crgmtg lg um pksejhg vgmlglkr k mk, pklràds pglerhg qug tg vgmlegrd umd tdrtd lg bnkbkhdtg bdsgrd. _rgaömtdhg bò`k hk ndràd. Re vgs qug sg dtrgvg y hk emtgmtd, yd tegmgs um pktgmbedh vgmlglkr gm tu gquepk.
»U quå pdsd bkm hks pgrcehgs `äs tà`elks; Dquà hk e`pkrtdmtg pdsd d sgr hd dbtetul. Re vgs qug hd pgrskmd tegmg admds lg lg dprgmlgr hg puglgs ldr umd kpkrtumeldl, pgrk se vgs qug mk skhk gh tà`elk, semk qug td`pkbk gs `uy bk`umebdtevk me djegrtk, tgmlràds qug lgfdrhk cugrd lg gstg prkbgsk lg sghgbbeòm lg bd`drgrks vgmlglkrgs, pkrqug mk gs hk qug gstäs jusbdmlk.
:. CKZ@D D \W GTWE_K. Rdjg`ks qug gm gh sgbtkr lg hd emlustred lg rgstdurdmtgs gh pgrskmdh budhecebdlk gsbdsgd y mk gs sgmbehhk lg gmbkmtrdr. Hk `äs prkjdjhg gs qug pdrtg lg hd phdmtehhd qug tgmads mumbd ndyd gstuledlk gm umd gsbughd lg nkstghgràd me tgmad gxpgregmbed gm gh sgbtkr. Gmtkmbgs umd vgz ndyds gmbkmtrdlk pgrskmdh bkm umd jugmd dbtetul gs gh `k`gmtk lg gmsgôdrhgs bò`k lgjgm ndbgr su trdjdfk. Gm gstg pumtk ndy qug lglebdr teg`pk y ndbgrhk bkm hd `es`d prgbeseòm qug sg hg gxeag d hd nkrd lg dtgmlgr jegm d um bhegmtg. Ndy qug brgdr umd rutemd ledred, sg`dmdh y `gmsudh lg ckr`dbeòm pkrqug (gstk mk hk khvelgs mumbd)6
Gh bkmkbe`egmtk brgd bkmcedmzd y hd sgaureldl dyuld d vgmlgr. _uglgs lgstemdr 7 `emutks dh làd pdrd ndjhdr lg um prklubtk gm bkmbrgtk k um phdtk lg tu bdrtd, umd vgz d hd sg`dmd pklràds rgumertg bkm tu gquepk pdrd rgbejer 2? `emutks lg ckr`dbeòm skjrg dtgmbeòm dh bhegmtg, tåbmebds lg vgmtd, gtb. U umd vgz dh `gs puglgs emvetdr d umk lg tus prkvgglkrgs pdrd qug hgs lå umd pgqugôd bndrhd skjrg um prklubtk. Rgd bk`k sgd tegmgs qug emvgrter teg`pk gm hd ckr`dbeòm lg tu gquepk, semk mk hgs puglgs pgler qug tg dyulgm d bu`pher tus `gtds k sugôks, pkrqug sgmbehhd`gmtg mk sdjräm bò`k bkmsgauerhk. E`daemd qug gmtrds d umd nd`juraugsgràd y vgs umd qug hhgvd 2 qugsks lecgrgmtgs y hg prgaumtds dh bd`drgrk quå qugsks skm pkrqug gh lg bdjrd mk tg gmtuseds`d y mk hk sdjg y tg lebg qug tegmg qug er d prgaumtdr. »_egmsds rgdh`gmtg qug gstd pgrskmd sem bkmkbe`egmtk lgh prklubtk qug servg puglg dyuldrtg d vgmlgr gm tu rgstdurdmtg; _kr ktrk hdlk, vds d ktrd nd`juraugsgràd y gh bd`drgrk dmtgs qug tö pelds tg rgbk`egmld umd nd`juraugsd bkm qugsk rdbhgttg `drbdlk d hd pdrrehhd, bkm bgjkhhd bdrd`ghezdld y sdhsd ejårebd bkm hdsbds lg fd`òm lg jghhktd »mk gs `äs prkjdjhg qug trds gstd ardm rgbk`gmldbeòm leads qug sà d budhquegr vgmtd dlebekmdh; Rgaurk qug sà. Gstd sgaureldl y lgstrgzd pkr pdrtg lgh bd`drgrk sg hkard dh bkmkbgr bò`k sg prgpdrd um phdtk, quå emarglegmtgs tegmg, quå sdjkr tegmg y quå pdhdjrds suagstevds puglg utehezdr. _kr hk tdmtk, hd ckr`dbeòm gm gh bkmkbe`egmtk lgh `gmö gs trg`gmld`gmtg e`pkrtdmtg. Budmtk `äs sgpd tu pgrskmdh skjrg hks ghg`gmtks lg hd bdrtd k `gmö, `äs bò`klks y sughtks sg sgmteräm pdrd suagrer gcgbtevd`gmtg d tus bhegmtgs
»Bò`k ckr`dr dh pgrskmdh; Båmtrdtg gm hds < _6 4. _krbeòm6 »Buämtds pdtdtds cretds vegmgm gm hd rdbeòm; »Buämtk pgsd gh gmtrgbkt; »Tuå tdm ardmlg gs hd gmsdhdld; »Tuå td`dôk tegmgm t egmgm hks pkstrgs; »Rg puglg bk`pdrter k gs pdrd umd skhd pgrskmd; »Gs `uy pgqugôk y lgjgràd pgler dhak `äs; Mk tg gxtrdôg sdjgr qug gm `ubnks gstdjhgbe`egmtks gh pgrskmdh lg sdhd mk sgpd bkmtgstdr gstds prgaumtds trdygmlk bkmseak um `dhgstdr gm gh bhegmtg. »_kr quå mk `g dvesò qug grd tdm ardmlg/pgqugôk; Dnkrd segmtk qug ng
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs pdadlk lg `äs k pglelk lg `gmks… Rem sdjgr hds pkrbekmgs gs pksejhg qug hks bhegmtgs bhe gmtgs mk
vughvdm pkr hd gxpgregmbed veveld. :. _rgpdrdbeòm6 »Rg dsd d hd pdrrehhd k sg bugbg dh nkrmk; »Hhgvd he`òm k he`d; he `d; »Rdhtgdlk k cretk; »Hhgvd sdhsd k gs skhk audrmebeòm; »Rg puglg quetdr gstg emarglegmtg y pkmgr gstg ktrk; D `gmulk, gs gh lgtdhhg `äs pgqugôk hk qug ndbg qug subgld hd vgmtd y admdrsg hd h d bkmcedmzd lgh bhegmtg. Budmlk hks bd`drgrks bkmkbgm hd prgpdrdbeòm bk`phgtd lg bdld ghg`gmtk lgh `gmö, hks bhegmtgs gstäm `äs lespugstks d dbgptdr sus suagrgmbeds y pgler gsg pkstrg u ktrk prklubtk dlebekmdh. 2. _rgsgmtdbeòm6 »Segmg gm jrkbngtd; »Gs um phdtk lgaustdbeòm; »Segmg skjrg umd tdjhd; »Rg dbk`pdôd bkm pdm; »@egmtrds `äs emckr`dbeòm lgh pgrskmdh; Budmlk `äs emckr`dbeòm pugldm ldr `äs emtgrås g emtread emtread sgmterä gh bhegmtg. <. _rgbek6 Gs e`pkrtdmtg qug tklk gh pgrskmdh bkmkzbd tklks hks prgbeks lg hks prklubtks gm bdrtd y cugrd lg ghhd, pkrqug budmlk mk hk sdjgm, hks bhegmtgs dsu`gm qug gsks drtàbuhks skm lg`dsedlk bdrks y su pgrbgpbeòm lg vdhkr vs sdtescdbbeòm qugld gm luld. _drd ckr`dr dh pgrskmdh lg umd `dmgrd hölebd pdrd tklks puglgs utehezdr hd tåbmebd t åbmebd lgh rkhg phdyema. Ru usk pdrd hd ckr`dbeòm gm vgmtds lgjg sgr kjheadtkred. _elg d tu gquepk qug lgsg`pgôgm gh pdpgh lg bd`drgrks y lg bhegmtgs y qug lg`ugstrgm bò`k ndbgr suagrgmbeds gcebdbgs d hks bhegmtgs qug du`gmtdräm hds vgmtds, pgrk qug td`jeåm `gfkrdräm su gxpgregmbed adstrkmò`ebd. Gs begrtk qug ndy pgrskmds d hds qug mk hgs austd hd elgd lgh fugak lg rkhgs lurdmtg hd ckr`dbeòm pkrqug hgs rgsuhtd embò`klk sgr gh bgmtrk lg dtgmbeòm. Rem g`jdrak, gstd gs hd `gfkr ckr`d lg prdbtebdr hd vgmtd y qug bkmseads qug tus g`phgdlks dlkptgm tu veseòm lg vgmlgr hhgvämlkhk d hd präbtebd. Re pgr`etgs qug bdld umk lg ghhks dbtög sgaöm su prkpek bretgrek, mk tgmlräs bkmtrkh skjrg su ckr`d lg gfgbutdr hd vgmtd g errg`gledjhg`gmtg gstdräs pgrlegmlk lemgrk.
2. LG\GZ@EMD TWÅ DZ\ÀBWHKR \G EM\GZGRD SGMLGZ. _drd qug tu gstrdtgaed lg vgmtds cumbekmg bkrrgbtd`gmtg y sgd um åxetk lgjgs sghgbbekmdr hks dhe`gmtks y jgjelds d vgmlgr y trdms`eterhk d tu gquepk lg sdhd. _uglgs lgbeler gstds rgbk`gmldbekmgs pkr `dykr rgmtdjeheldl (`gfkrds tus vgmtds) k lecgrgmbedbeòm (bkmseaugs celghezdbeòm lg bhegmtgs). Kcrgbg hks prklubtks `äs rgmtdjhgs (mk `äs bdrks). \us bd`drgrks lgjgm sdjgr quå dhe`gmtks y jgjelds lgh rgstdurdmtg tegmgm um `dragm lg admdmbed `äs dhtk y pdrd ghhk lgjgs bk`pdrter gstd emckr`dbeòm bkm ghhks pdrd qug hk gmtegmldm. D hd hdrad du`gmtdr hds vgmtds `gfkrdrä su prkped dutkgste`d, prkpemds y cuturk hdjkrdh.
<. JWRBD HKR @GFKZGR @K@GM\KR LGM\ZK LGH RGZSEBEK _DZD SGMLGZ. Lurdmtg hd cdsg lg sgrvebek ndy gmtrg 7 y 47 `k`gmtks lg bkmtdbtk gmtrg gh pgrskmdh y gh bhegmtg. (Lgpgmlegmlk lgh tepk lg mgakbek, prklubtk, sgrvebek, gtb.)
Bdld emtgrdbbeòm gs umd kpkrtumeldl pdrd vgmlgr. _dsks pdrd vgmlgr pkr `k`gmtks. 4. Levelg tu sgbugmbed lg sgrvebek gm tklds hds pdrtgs qug gste`gs mgbgsdrek, lgslg hd hhgadld dh bhegmtg ndstd qug pelg hd bugmtd. :. Brgd umd `gtklkhkaàd lg trdjdfk pdrd qug bdld pgrskmd qug trdjdfd gm gh rgstdurdmtg dbtög lg hd `es`d `dmgrd y suaegrd prklubtks gm hks `es`ks `k`gmtks.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs 2. Lgbelg gm quå `k`gmtks sg vd d tk`dr mktd lg jgjelds, dpgretevks, gmtrdmtgs, pre`grks, sgaumlks y pkstrgs y gm quå kpkrtumeldlgs sg rgdhezdräm hds suagrgmbeds pdrd vgmlgr sgaumlds jgjelds, um gmtrdmtg gxtrd, gtb. <. Wmd vgz brgdld hd sgbugmbed y hd `gtklkhkaàd ckr`d d tu gquepk gm ghhd y supgrvesd bdld làd, gm bdld sgrvebek qug sg bu`phg tdh bk`k hd nds brgdlk. Gh pre`gr làd hk khveldräm, sgaurd`gmtg gh sgaumlk td`jeåm, pgrk bdld làd eräm pgrcgbbekmdlk sus ndjeheldlgs y sg sgmteräm bkm `äs bkmcedmzd pdrd vgmlgr. 7. \u tdrgd lg ckr`dbeòm, bkmtrkh, supgrveseòm, bkrrgbbeòm gs cumld`gmtdh, pkrqug gstg trdjdfk sgd gcebdz sg lgjg rgdhezdr ledred`gmtg.
7. BKMRELGZD HD NKZD LGH LÀD U GH BHE@D. Budmlk ndjhd`ks lg `k`gmtks yd mk skhk sg rgcegrg d hd sgbugmbed lg sgrvebek, semk td`jeåm d hks lecgrgmtgs `k`gmtks lg bkmsu`k. Kcrgbgr begrtks dhe`gmtks, bk`k zu`k lg mdrdmfd bkm umds tkstdlds k sämlwebn lg lgsdyumk, tegmg sgmtelk, pgrk kcrgbgr gstg `es`k prklubtk d hd nkrd lg hd bgmd, mk. \u kjfgtevk tgmlràd qug sgr qug memaöm bhegmtg sg vdyd lgh rgstdurdmtg k bdcgtgràd bd cgtgràd skhk bkm umd jgjeld, bdcå k bk`eld, seg`prg ndy qug pgmsdr gm quå sg hg puglg kcrgbgr pdrd sujer gh tebigt `glek. • • • • •
Bdcå + jkhhgràd. Jgjeld + Rdmlwebn. Bk`eld + sgaumld jgjeld. Nd`juraugsd + rgcrgsbks. @gmö + vemk.
Lgjgs sdjgr quå ghg`gmtks vdm jegm bkm hks lg`äs y sgr bdpdz lg ndbgr umd rgbk`gmldbeòm lg `dmgrd dbtevd sgaöm hd nkrd y pkr quå mk, gh bhe`d. Rupkmad`ks qug gs um bdhurksk làd lg vgrdmk y hks bhegmtgs bh egmtgs jusbdm dhevek lgh skckbdmtg skh. Hd elgmtecebdbeòm dmtebepdld lg gstd mgbgseldl lgh bhegmtg pklràd e`puhsdr hds vgmtds ledreds lg jgjelds cràds lg dhtk `dragm y drtàbuhks lg pkstrgs nghdlks.
3. NDU TWG ZGBK@GMLDZ _DZD SGMLGZ . Rgaöm um gstulek rgdhezdlk gm gh jhka lg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk hks bhegmtgs lgsgdm qug sg hgs rgbk`egmlg y suaegrd quå bk`gr y jgjgr gm hks rgstdurdmtgs. Rgaöm gh `es`k gstulek, hks pdrtebepdmtgs sg qugfdm lg qug präbtebd`gmtg mk sg hgs rgbk`egmld mumbd. U gstk gs bk`k qugrgr admdr hd hktgràd, pgrk mumbd bk`prdr um jkhgtk pdrd bkmsgauerhk. \us bd`drgrks lgjgm sgr prkdbtevks y mgbgsetds qug rgbk`egmlgm hks àtg`s sghgbbekmdlks. sgh gbbekmdlks. Zgbugrld6 hd vgmtd `äs mdturdh y sgmbehhd vegmg d trdvås lg umd rgbk`gmldbeòm sembgrd. _krqug vgmlgr mk sg trdtd lg ckrzdr d hks bhegmtgs d pgler bksds qug mk quegrgm. _kr gfg`phk, se gh bd`drgrk vg qug hd bk`eld mk gs sucebegmtg k qug sg puglg bk`phg`gmtdr bkm um lghebeksk gmtrdmtg k gmsdhdld sg lgjg suagrer sem lg`krd. Re um bhegmtg skhebetd rgbk`gmldbekmgs, gs `äs öteh suagrer dhaumds dh aumds bksds qug suagrer umd tkmghdld. _kr gfg`phk, se um bhegmtg prgaumtd quå bgrvgzds eràdm `gfkr bkm su bk`eld, pklràdm sgmtersg djru`dlk se suaegrgs bdld bgrvgzd lg tu t u bdrtd. Ruagrer 4 ò : kpbekmgs gs `äs gcgbtevk qug 2 k `äs. Rgr gspgbàcebk. ‘»_kstrg vd d qugrgr;‐ _rkjdjhg`gmtg gs hd crdsg quå `äs gsbubnd`ks budmlk sdhe`ks d bgmdr y gstd ckr`d mk dyuld d vgmlgr. Rem g`jdrak, lgber6 ‘Hgs austd ràd prkjdr mugstrd lghebeksd tdrtd lg bnkbkhdtg bdsgrd bkm nghdlk pestdbnk y sdhsd lg dh`gmlrds‐ gs `ubnk `äs tg mtdlkr. Hk `es`k subglg bkm hds jgjelds, seg`prg ndy qug suagrer dhak bkmbrgtk6 ‘Ktrd bgrvgzd‐ ‘Lgsgdm ktrd jktghhd lg vemk jhdmbk‐ jhdmbk‐
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
1. RWAGZGMBEDR RWAGR\ESDR. Ndz qug sugmg errgsestejhg. _drd qug hds gstrdtgaeds lg vgmtds y lg upsghhemas sugmgm bkmvembgmtgs, sg lgjg rgbk`gmldr lg `dmgrd suagstevd. D `gmulk, d tus bhegmtgs hgs austdràd pgler dhak `äs, pgrk puglgm luldr gm gxbglgrsg k adstdr lg`dsedlk. _grk usdmlk um hgmaudfg dtrdbtevk y lgsbreptevk, bk`k ‘»tg austdràd prkjdr um nghdlk lg crd`jugsd, ykaurt aregak y verutds lg bnkbkhdtg d`dzòmebk;‐, dyuld d dbtevdr gh prkbgsk lg tk`d lg
lgbesekmgs g`kbekmdhgs. »\g e`daemds pklgr vgmlgr lg umd `dmgrd qug tu bhegmtg mk tg pulegrd lgber qug mk; Hds lgbesekmgs g`kbekmdhgs skm dutk`ätebds yd qug sg utehezd hd pdrtg errdbekmdh lgh bgrgjrk. Gstk quegrg lgber qug gh >7% lg ghhds skm sem ‘pgmsdr‐ y gh sà gs bdse sgaurk. Wtehezdr um hgmaudfg lgsbreptevk gm tus
suagrgmbeds, dpkrtdrä `äs vgmtds d tu rgstdurdmtg, mk hk lulgs. \us g`phgdlks lgjgm bgmtrdrsg gm gh lgtdhhg y utehezdr um hgmaudfg lgsbreptevk6 gm hks mk`jrgs, hks bkhkrgs, gm gh usk lg dlfgtevks sgmskredhgs qug trdmspkrtgm em`gledtd`gmtg dh bhegmtg. Wsdr hd lgsbrepbeòm bkrrgbtd lg hks dlfgtevks sg bkmvegrtg gm umd ngrrd`egmtd pklgrksd pdrd hd vgmtd suagstevd gm um rgstdurdmtg. Gstd gs umd rdzòm `äs pkr hd qug hks bd`drgrks mgbgsetdm bkmkbgr gh `gmö lgh rgstdurdmtg d hd pgrcgbbeòm. Dh suagrer jgjelds, lgjg dbgmtudr hds `drbds, hks bkhkrgs y gh usk lg dlfgtevks bk`k crgsbk, nghdlk, pkpuhdr. Gstk ndrä qug gsd jgjeld lg jdfk jgmgcebek sgd um bòbtgh prg`eu` lg dhtd rgmtdjeheldl. »Tuå hg pdrgbg se hg trdeak umd lghebeksd jrusbngttd lg tk`dtg y dhjdndbd crgsbd sgrveld bkm dbgetg lg khevd veragm y pdm crdmbås tkstdlk; ¡Tueåm sg puglg mgadr d gsk! Dhaumds crdsgs y gxprgsekmgs qug sg puglgm usdr bkm vgmtds suagstevds gm rgstdurdmtgs9 • • • •
Hgs vky d rgbk`gmldr gh gspgbedh lg nky qug gs …….. _gr`àtd`g qug hg rgbk`egmlg rgbk`egmlg ………. [ Gstky sgaurk lg qug hg austdrä. Gstä `uy sdjrksk. »Nds prkjdlk mugstrk ……….; Gs fuaksk y lghebeksk. \gmg`ks umks pkstrgs pkstrgs drtgsdmdhgs `uy rebks. _uglk rgbk`gmldr ……. [[ [[ (rgbk`gmldr lks k trgs pkstrgs lecgrgmtgs).
Dhaumds pdhdjrds k gxprgsekmgs qug tg dyuldräm d tgmtdr d tu bhegmtg y d dlghdmtdrhgs hd gxpgregmbed d hd nkrd lg lgsbrejer hks phdtks.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
Rdjkr gm jkbd
Dardldjhg
Cdsbemdmtg
lghebeksk
Levemk
austksk
Cdmtästebk
Jdhsd`ebk.
Re hg austd gh luhbg/sdhdlk
Brg`ksk.
Äbelk.
Drk`kmàd.
Rkur.
Brufegmtg.
Dhtgrmdtevd
@ghksk.
Rgbk
D cugak hgmtk.
Luhbg
Gm nkrmk lg
Bkm bugrpk
D jdfd tg`pgrdturd.
dcrutdlk Gspgbedlk
Gxbhusevk.
Zöstebk
Hkbdh
Drtgsdmdh
E`pkrtdmlk.
Levemk Gxòtebk.
Djumldmtg
_ebdmtg
Lghebdlk
Fuaksk
Mdturdh
Rmdbi/Dpgretevk.
Embrgàjhg. Ngr`ksk.
>. DMDHEVD TWÅ GR HK TWG TWEGZG GH BHEGM\G. Mk tklds hds tåbmebds lg vgmtd cumbekmdräm pdrd bdld bhegmtg. Wm gquepk ckr`dlk sg ldrä bugmtd bò`k gs bdld bhegmtg y quå tepk lg upsghhema sg hg puglg rgdhezdr . Bdld vgz qug um bd`drgrk vdyd d tk`dr mktd lgjg elgmtecebdr y dmdhezdr su `gsd puglgs utehezdr hd gstrdtgaed lg hds 2 Z¼s6 Zgbkmkbe`egmtk
Zgauhdreldl
Zdzòm
4. Zgbkmkbe`egmtk6 »_kr quå ndm vgmelk; »Tuå tepk lg gxpgregmbed jusbdm; »Tuå gldl tegmgm; :. Zgauhdreldl6 Gs um bhegmtg crgbugmtg k gs hd pre`grd vgz gm gh gstdjhgbe`egmtk. 2. Zdzòm6 »Buäh gs gh `ktevk `ktevk lg su vesetd; »Gstäm bghgjrdmlk dhak; Wmd vgz gmtgmlelk gh pgrceh lgh bhegmtg y su rdzòm lg vesetd gs gh `k`gmtk lg suagrer hk `äs dlgbudlk pdrd bdld umk lg ghhks. _krqug mk sgrä hd `es`d suagrgmbed lg prklubtks d umd `gsd qug gstä gm umd rgumeòm lg mgakbeks qug d`eaks qug bghgjrdm um bu`phgdôks. \rdtd d bdld bhegmtg bk`k um emleveluk y bkmbåmtrdtg gm sus lgsgks gspgbàcebks, pkrqug lgmtrk lgh `es`k arupk sgaurk qug vgräs lecgrgmtgs mgbgseldlgs.
Gmcòbdtg gm bhegmtgs emlgbesks. ¡Dquà gstä hd vgrldlgrd `emd lg krk! Gstks bhegmtgs gstäm gm tus `dmks pdrd qug hks rgbk`egmlgs hks phdtks `äs sdjrksks y rgmtdjhgs lg tu gstdjhgbe`egmtk. »Bò`k elgmtecebdr d hks bhegmtgs emlgbesks;
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
• • •
\drldm `ubnk gm lgbelersg. Lebgm d jegrtd`gmtg…. jegrtd`gmtg…. ‘mk så quå pgler‐. Zgdhezdm `ubnds prgaumtds.
Re hks bhegmtgs mk gstäm sgaurks lg hk qug hgs austdràd bk`gr, ndy qug ckr`uhdr prgaumtds pdrd bkmkbgr sus prgcgrgmbeds y hugak ndbgr suagrgmbeds gm cumbeòm lg sus rgspugstds.
5. BKMKBG HKR @DZELDFGR LG \WR _HD\KR . Re lgsgds suagrer umd begrtd bgrvgzd k vemk, lgjgräs sdjgr quå bgrvgzds k vemks vdm bkm quå phdtks. \g rgbk`egmlk rgbk`egmlk qug ndjhgs bkm umk lg tus lestrejuelkrgs lestrejuelkrgs lg jgjelds y qug kradmebåes kradmebåes umd ckr`dbeòm gm `dreldfgs pdrd tu gquepk. Gstg tepk lg ckr`dbeòm hg bkmvegmg tdmtk d åh bk`k d te, pkrqug hks lks vgmlgråes `äs budmtk `äs bkmkzbd tu gquepk hks prklubtks qug sg kcrgbgm. ¡_rgpdrd umd bdtd pdrd tu pgrskmdh, y vgräs hk cghebgs qug hks ndbgs!
4?. _ZG_DZD GH GRBGMDZEK _DZD GH _KR\ZG. Wmd vgz qug sg ndyd he`pedlk hd `gsd, rgterdlk hd sdh y hd pe`egmtd y budhquegr vdfehhd subed, gs gh `k`gmtk pdrd gmtrdr d hd `gsd gm ahkred y `dfgstdl bkm hd bdrtd lg pkstrgs. Gstg retudh prgpdrd psebkhòaebd`gmtg dh bhegmtg pdrd gh pkstrg y ndstd pdrd umd jgjeld lgspuås lg hd bgmd. Gs hd kpkrtumeldl lg suagrer dhaumk lg tus lghebeksks pkstrgs, d trdvås lg sus tgxturds, sdjkrgs, emarglegmtgs, lecgrgmbedbeòm, gtb. \us pksejeheldlgs lg vgmlgr gm gstd pdrtg lg hd bk`eld skm `dykrgs se prgpdrds dh bhegmtg pdrd gstg `k`gmtk.
44. MK KHSELGR HD BK@ELD _DZD HHGSDZ U _ZÒ^E@KR GSGM\KR. Hd lgspgleld gs gh `k`gmtk qug `gmks sg dprkvgbnd pdrd vgmlgr y gs umd häste`d pkrqug gs um `k`gmtk `äs y mk sg puglg lgspgrlebedr. Hds kpbekmgs pdrd hhgvdr puglgm sgr umd gxbghgmtg ckr`d lg vgmlgr `äs. Tuezäs tus t us bhegmtgs sg ndm qugldlk bkm admds lg prkjdr `äs phdtks lg tu bdrtd k gstdjdm lgsgdmlk pgler gsg pkstrg qug tdmtk hgs austd, pgrk sg segmtgm lg`dsedlk sdtescgbnks pdrd sgauer bk`egmlk . Gstg gs um jugm `k`gmtk pdrd suagrerhgs hhgvdrsg dhaöm dhe`gmtk pdrd bk`grhk `äs tdrlg k bk`gmtdrhgs qug td`jeåm puglgm pgler gm tu rgstdurdmtg d lk`ebehek pdrd ktrd kpkrtumeldl. Re gxestg dhaöm gvgmtk lg cem lg sg`dmd, `gmös lgaustdbeòm k tg`ätebks k embhusk prk`kbekmgs pdrd hks làds `äs chkfks lg vgmtd gs g s td`jeåm um ardm `k`gmtk pdrd ndbårsghk sdjgr dh bhegmtg gm gh `k`gmtk lg gmtrgadr hd bugmtd. Embhusk hgs puglgs prgaumtdr se lgsgdm dpumtdrsg d tu mgwshgttgr pdrd rgbejer gstd emckr`dbeòm gm su bkrrgk.
4:. AD@ECEBD GH _ZKBGRK LG SGM\DR BKM EMBGM\ESKR . E`phg`gmtdr um sestg`d lg embgmtevks gm hds vgmtds gs umd ckr`d cäbeh lg rgbk`pgmsdr gh jugm trdjdfk lg tu pgrskmdh, tdmtk d mevgh emleveludh e mleveludh bk`k arupdh. U umd jugmd ckr`d lg `ktevdrhgs. Hk vgrldlgrd`gmtg emtgrgsdmtg lg hd ad`ecebdbeòm gs qug embelg gm lks `ktevdbekmgs lg budhquegr pgrskmd6 @ktevdbeòm gxtràmsgbd6 Rgrä hd rgbk`pgmsd lg hd bk`pgtebeòm, bk`k pkr gfg`phk hgs puglgs rgadhdr gmtrdlds dh bemg, tebigts pdrd um spd, pdadrhgs umd susbrepbeòm dmudh d Mgtchex, gtb. @ktevdbeòm emtràmsgbd6 Gm gstg bdsk hd rgbk`pgmsd gstä gm hd prkped dbteveldl6 sgmtersg pdrtg lgh arupk, hd sdtescdbbeòm lg admdr hd bk`pgtebeòm k bkhdjkrdr bkm ktrks pdrtebepdmtgs y mk tdmtk gm kjfgtks gbkmò`ebks k prg`eks rgbejelks. r gbejelks. •
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Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
42. W\EHEVD HKR LÀDR RGÔDHDLKR. Dtrdgr bhegmtgs d tu rgstdurdmtg gs umd `eseòm d hd qug tg lgjgs gmcrgmtdr tklks hks làds. Budmlk hd e`daemdbeòm sg daktd rgburrg d hks làds `äs e`pkrtdmtgs lgh dôk pdrd agmgrdr `äs rgsgrvds y brgdr mugvks `gmös, pkrqug mk khvelgs qug tus bhegmtgs jusbdm mkvgldlgs pdrd sdher lg su nkadr. Hks làds bkm `äs vgmtds pdrd hks rgstdurdmtgs skm gh làd lg hd `dlrg y sdm Sdhgmtàm. Hugak gstäm hds cegstds mdbekmdhgs bk`k mdveldl, cem lg dôk, gtb. _kr öhte`k, gxestgm umd sgreg lg làds qug puglgm sgrtg ötehgs d hd nkrd lg brgdr mugvds prkpugstds y prk`kbekmgs. _klràds umertg d . Sgadmudry (`gs lg gmgrk sem bk`gr bdrmg) brgdr dhaöm phdtk pdrd gh làd lg hd mdturdhgzd, ndbgr um pkstrg lecgrgmtg pdrd làd lgh bnkbkhdtg, gtb. Mk lulgs gm brgdr tus prkpeks làds y agmgrdr gxpgbtdbeòm gmtrg tus bhegmtgs bk`umebämlkhk pkr hds rglgs skbedhgs.
4<. ZGRWH\DLKR U ZGR_WGR\D. Gh öhte`k pdsk pdrd bkmsgauer qug hds vgmtds lg tu rgstdurdmtg sujdm grgs tö. Mk gs sucebegmtg bkm qug ndyds bkmtrdtdlk, ckr`dlk g embgmtevdlk d tu gquepk pdrd tgmgr bd`drgrks vgmlglkrgs. _drd qug vgrldlgrd`gmtg rgdhebgm su trdjdfk gmckbämlksg gm hds vgmtds, bk`k pdrtg lg hd buhturd lg tu mgakbek, lgjgs rgckrzdr gh `gmsdfg d trdvås lg tu rgspugstd. G`pegzd pkr mk `dmtgmgr gh åxetk gm sgbrgtk. _kr gfg`phk, bk`pdrtg rgauhdr`gmtg bkm tu gquepk hks rgsuhtdlks, yd qug, dh ndbgrhk, bkmsgaueräs qug gmtegmldm qug vdhkrds `ubnk hds vgmtds bkmsgauelds. U lg`uåstrdhgs qug gh ngbnk lg qug ghhks vgmldm `äs y `gfkr mk skhk gs jugmk pdrd te, semk qug tklk gh gquepk vd d jgmgcebedrsg lg hks rgsuhtdlks pksetevks. Bk`k agrgmtg k lugôk lgh rgstdurdmtg, mk puglgs gspgrdr qug hds bksds vdydm jegm, tegmgs qug bkmsgauer qug gstk subgld segmlk um vgrldlgrk hàlgr. Mk khvelgs qug gh åxetk lg lg tu mgakbek gstä gm um 4% gm hd ckr`dbeòm emebedh qug qug hgs lgs y gh 55% gm tu helgrdzak.
BDRK _ZÄB\EBK. _ZÄB\EBK. D @KLK LG GFG@_HK, SD@KR D SGZ BÒ@K RGZÀD HD RGBWGMBED LG WM RGZSEBEK LG 1 \EG@_KR TWG HWGAK \Ö _WGLGR DLD_\DZ D \W MGAKBEK.
4. _re`gr `k`gmtk6 Hhgadld lgh bhegmtg, rgbeje`egmtk, tk`d dsegmtk gm hd `gsd. Gm gstg `k`gmtk hks bd`drgrks tegmgm qug rgdhezdr hd gstrdtgaed lg hds 2 Z¼s •
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Zgbkmkbe`egmtk6 Dbårbdtg d hd `gsd gvdhudmlk quå tepk lg bhegmtg tegmgs. @erd dtgmtd`gmtg d tus emvetdlks. Gstd emckr`dbeòm tg dyuldrä d ldr umd `gfkr gxpgregmbed y d ndbgr rgbk`gmldbekmgs dbkrlgs. \egmgs qug cefdrtg quå tepk lg rkpd hhgvd, cefdrtg se vdm d bghgjrdr dhaumd kbdseòm gspgbedh, se vdm bkm presd k mk, se gstäm lg jugm nu`kr, gtb. Bkm tklds gstds vdredjhgs, pklräs vgr räpeld`gmtg bò`k bkmgbtdr bkm gh bhegmtg. Zgauhdreldl6 Lgtgr`emd budm sgauelk vesetdm tu rgstdurdmtg. Rkm bhegmtgs crgbugmtgs k gs pre`grd vgz. »Ndy dhak qug lgjdm sdjgr hks sgaumlks; »Re skm crgbugmtgs, quå gspgrdm lg su gxpgregmbed; Re skm mugvks, ldrhgs hd jegmvgmeld. Zdzòm6 Bk`k gm gh rgbkmkbe`egmtk, lgtgr`emd pkr quå brggs qug gstäm gm gsg pdrtebuhdr `k`gmtk gm gh rgstdurdmtg. Hd rdzòm pkr hd budh gstäm gm gh rgstdurdmtg tegmg um ardm gcgbtk gm hk qug gspgrdm lg hd gxpgregmbed.
:. Rgaumlk `k`gmtk6 Gmtrgadr hd bdrtd y kcrgbgr jgjelds.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs Gs cumld`gmtdh tk`dr mktd lg jgjelds hk `äs räpelk pksejhg, yd qug hks bhegmtgs `egmtrds gspgrdm hd bk`eld, sg jgjgräm su rgcrgsbk y budmlk hhgaug hd bk`eld hk `äs prkjdjhg gs qug quegrdm rgpgter.
2. \grbgr `k`gmtk6 Ruagrer, tk`dr mktd. Dmtgs qug hks bhegmtgs peldm, gh bd`drgrk tgmlrä qug rgbk`gmldr buäh gs gh gspgbedh lg hd bdsd (Rgrä um phdtk gstrghhd, lg hks `äs rgmtdjhgs y `uy skhebetdlk pkr hks bhegmtgs) Mumbd ndy qug rgbk`gmldr rgbk`gmldr lgspuås lg qug hks bhegmtgs ndydm pglelk. Ròhk sg puglg suagrer lgspuås dhak qug jgmgcebeg dh bhegmtg y dh rgstdurdmtg. Re pglàs gstg pkstrg, hk pklråes bk`pdrter. _kr 4₨ `äs, sgrä `äs ardmlg, gtb. Re umd `gsd nd pglelk um phdtk pdrd bdld umk, gs um jugm `k`gmtk pdrd suagrer gmtrdmtgs k gmsdhdlds pdrd bk`pdrter. Re gstd`ks dtgmtks d hds `gsds, pklrg`ks gsbubndr queåm gs hd h d pgrskmd qug quegrg um phdtk qug mdleg `äs quegrg, pkr gfg`phk um gmtrdmtg. Budmlk gh bd`drgrk sg dbgrbd d hd `gsd, tegmg qug `erdr d gsd pgrskmd y suagrerhg gh phdtk qug lgsgdjd6 »Lgsgdm td`jeåm pdrd bk`pdrter dh bgmtrk umks mdbnks; Hd sdhsd hd ndbg`ks dquà y gstä jugmàse`d. (pkr pkmgr um gfg`phk) Hk `äs prkjdjhg gs qug um phdtk qug mk sg ejd d pgler, sg tgr`emg pelegmlk, pkrqug gh rgstk lg hd `gsd lead, le ad, vgmad, pàlgtg hks mdbnks qug qugràds. Jusbd hd `kld lg hd `gsd. Hds `ufgrgs y meôks skm hds pgrskmds qug `äs cäbeh sg lgfdm emchuer pkr hds rgbk`gmldbekmgs y skm hds qug auàdm d hd `gsd. Re umd `ufgr lebg, träg`g umd bgrvgzd, hk `äs prkjdjhg gs qug tkld hd `gsd hd sead. Reg`prg suagrer d `ufgrgs, `erdrhds d ghhds. Re vgs qug umd `gsd tdrld y tdrld gm lgbeler, d gsd `gsd hg puglgs dyuldr d lgbeler y hgs puglgs suagrer tus phdtks cdvkretks y hks h ks `äs rgmtdjhgs y pkpuhdrgs lg hd bdrtd. •
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<. Budrtk `k`gmtk6 Kcrgbgr sgaumlds jgjelds. Budmlk sg hhgad d hd `gsd, mk ndy qug agmgrdhezdr bkm hds jgjelds, gs lgber, mk ndy qug lgber d tkld hd `gsd »Ktrd jgjeld; _krqug se hk ndbg`ks y umd pgrskmd lebg qug mk, hk `äs prkjdjhg qug gs qug tkld hd `gsd lead qug mk. _kr gstk ndy qug lereaersg d hd pgrskmd qug mk hg qugld rgcrgsbk y gs d ghhd d queåm ndy qug prgaumtdr, »Hg trdeak ktrd bgrvgzd; Re gsd pgrskmd lebg qug sà, yd puglgs `erdr dh rgstk lg hd `gsd y kcrgbgr umk pkr umk.
7. Tuemtk `k`gmtk6 Nkrd lg kcrgbgr pkstrgs. •
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Fd`äs ndy qug prgaumtdr »_kstrg vdm d qugrgr; _krqug gstk ld peg d qug leadm qug mk. Reg`prg ndy qug dbgrbdrsg d hd `gsd, gmtrgadr hd bdrtd lg pkstrgs djegrtd y lgber, hgs lgfk hd bdrtd lg pkstrgs, hgs bk`gmtk, qug mugstrd tdrtd lg bnkbkhdtg mks hd pelgm `ubnàse`k, hd prgpdrd`ks bkm 2 tgxturds lg bnkbkhdtg y ks hd dbkmsgfk lg vgrldl. @ubnks bhegmtgs bdgräm gm hd tgmtdbeòm Re umd `gsd lebg, mk, mk, yd mk pklg`ks `äs, gh bd`drgrk pklrä lgber, se hk lgsgåes ks trdeak mugstrd cd`ksd tdrtd lg bnkbkhdtg bkm lks tgmglkrgs. Reg`prg rgbk`gmldr pkstrgs d `gsds bkm `ufgrgs, pkrqug sgaurk hd `dykràd bdgrä gm hd tgmtdbeòm.
3. Rgxtk `k`gmtk6 Ruagrer `äs jgjelds, rgcrgsbks, bdcås, gtb. Mk sg puglg er memaumd `gsd lgh rgstdurdmtg sem umd sgaumld jgjeld k sem um bdcå. Kcrgbgrhk `drbd hd lecgrgmbed. Rg hgs lerä qug du`gmtdr hd vgmtd lg jgjelds, bdcås y pkstrgs, gs cumld`gmtdh pdrd hd rgmtdjeheldl lgh rgstdurdmtg, pkrqug gstk gs `uy rgmtdjhg pdrd gh rgstdurdmtg. 1. Råpte`k `k`gmtk. Gmtrgad lg hd bugmtg, lgspgleld.
\klks hks lgrgbnks rgsgrvdlks ©Gsbughd lg Nkstghgràd Kmhemg @drigtema Adstrkmò`ebk
Dl`emestrdbeòm lg Zgstdurdmtgs
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Bk`k ks bk`gmtå dmtgrekr`gmtg, d hks bhegmtgs (d mdleg, me d vksktrks) hgs austd gspgrdr hd bugmtd. Gs `uy e`pkrtdmtg sgr räpelks d hd nkrd lg hhgvdr hd bugmtd, mk sòhk pdrd gh bhegmtg qug hd gstä skhebetdmlk y quegrg ersg, semk pdrd pksejhgs bhegmtgs qug gspgrdm `gsd. Gstg `k`gmtk gs `uy e`pkrtdmtg, pkrqug yd gs gh öhte`k `k`gmtk lg hd gxpgregmbed. Rgd`ks d`djhgs, dardldjhgs, se vg`ks qug hks bhegmtgs vdm dh bemg, lgsgdr qug q ug lescrutgm lg hd pghàbuhd. Re tgmg`ks dhaumd kcgrtd pdrd hks pròxe`ks làds k budhquegr prk`kbeòm, gs gh `k`gmtk lg gmtrgadrhd d hks bhegmtgs, Hk qug mk lgbe`ks, mk gxestg pdrd hks bhegmtgs. Re mk ndy mdld `äs qug lgber qug um ndstd hugak y gspgrk qug ndydm lescrutdlk bkm mksktrks, gs hk qug lerg`ks. _grk seg`prg ndy qug lgspglersg bkm umd skmresd y lgsgdr umd jugmd tdrlg k mkbng dh bhegmtg. Gstg öhte`k `gmsdfg gs `uy gcgbtevk gm hd gxpgregmbed ahkjdh lgh bhegmtg.
W\EHEVD \KLDR HDR NGZZD@EGM\DR LG HDR TWG LER_KMGR GM \W MGAKBEK U DW@GM\D \WR SGM\DR GM BDLD RGZSEBEK.
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