TOPIC 3
DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOUR BASIC LINGUISTIC SKILLS: LISTENING, SPEAKING, READING AND WRITING. COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH
I will stat wit! a s!"t i#t"$%&ti"# t" l't ("% )#"w w!at t!is t"*i& is a+"%t 0. INTRODUCTION
I# t!' s"&i't( w!'' w' li', t!' *"ssi+iliti's "- &%lt%al i#t'&!a#'s st%$(i# st%$(i# a+"a$, wat&!i# TV, s" "#, $'t'/i#'s t!at, &"//%#i&ati"#, at l'ast "#' -"'i# la#%a' is a #'&'ssit(. - Wit! "% '$%&ati"#al '-"/, a&&"$i# t!' GENERAL ORGANIC a&t 010223 "- 4 "- O&t"+' "- E$%&ati' S(st'/, its a' *'s%a$'s THREE AIMS: A WIDER EDUCATION: &"/*%ls"( a#$ -'' '$%&ati"# a' '5t'#$'$ %* t" t!' &!a#' "- si5t''#, w!i&! als" &"i#&i$'s wit! t!' la+"% a's. A BETTER EDUCATION: t!' #%/+' "- t'a&!'s a#$ s&!""l 's"%&'s a' i#&'as'$6 t!' t'a&!'7i#7s'i&' tai#i# &"%s's a' *"/"t'$, s&!""l 's"%&'s a#$ "&ati"#al %i$a#&' *"a//'s a' i/*"'$. MORE USEFUL EDUCATION: a #'w /"$'l "- "&ati"#al tai#i# wit! 'at' *a&ti&' )#"wl'$' a#$ wit! a 'at' 'lati"# wit! t!' la+"% /a)'t a' *"*"s'$, a#$ t!' #'&'ssit's "- "% *'s'#t s"&i't(.
I# t!' G'#'al Oa#i& A&t 0123 "- 4 $ "- O&t"+' "- E$%&ati' S(st'/, w' &a# -i#$ i# t!' 8 #$ C!a*t', ati&l' 047+ t!at, i# Pi/a( E$%&ati"#, a/"# t!' &a*a&iti's t" $''l"* i# "% *%*ils is 9 t" %#$'sta#$ a#$ *"$%&' 'as( /'ssa's i# a -"'i# la#%a'. W' als" !a' i# t!' RD 04;;120 "- '&ti' a? is 9%#$'sta#$ a#$ *"$%&' "al a#$ witt'# /'ssa's i# S*a#is!, la#%a' "- t!' &"//%#it( a#$ i# a -"'i# la#%a' 9 a#$ &"#ti#%"%s 9T!' a+ilit( t" &"//%#i&at' i# a -"'i# la#%a' a#$ t!'
)#"wl'$' "- t!is la#%a' i' a ""$ !'l* -" a +'tt' &"/*'!'#si"# a#$ l'a#i# t!' "w# la#%a'. S",-" t!'s' 'as"#s, &"/*%ls"( '$%&ati"# /%st att'#$ t" t!is s"&ial #''$ a#$ i' *%*ils a &"//%#i&ati' &"/*'t'#&' i# a -"'i# la#%a'. Wit!i# t!is &"//%#i&ati' &"/*'t'#&', w' as t'a&!'s !a' t" $''l"* t!' -"% /ai# s)ills: list'#i#, s*'a)i#, 'a$i# a#$ witi#. T!%s, i# t!is t"*i&, I will tal) a+"%t t!'/ i# t!' -"ll"wi# *"i#ts: 0. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOUR BASIC LINGUISTIC SKILLS: LISTENING, SPEAKING, READING AND WRITING 8. COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH. 4. CONCLUSION ;. BIBLIOGRAPH@.
1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOUR BASIC LINGUISTIC SKILLS: LISTENING, SPEAKING, READING AND WRITING
I# t!' RD 04;;1 20 "- < "- S'*t'/+' a+"%t t'a&!i# R'=%i'/'#ts i# t!' t'it"( /a#a'$ +( t!' "l$ Mi#ist( "- E$%&ati"# a#$ C%lt%', w' &a# 'a$ t!at t!' $''l"*/'#t "- t!' +asi& li#%isti& s)ills it !as t" +' s''# as a *"&'ss "i#t'ati"#. I# t!' 'al li-', &"//%#i&ati' a&ts %s' $i--''#t s)ills, s", its #"t l"i&, t" t'at t!'/ i# a# aisl' -"/. N"w I a/ "i# t" tal) a+"%t t!'s' s)ills, a#$ I will stat wit! list'#i#. 1. Listei! "# $e%#i! t" $iste i "#&e# t" 'e%# %& (&e#st%& )#")e#$*.
7Fist "- all, t!'' a' s''al '#'al *i#&i*l's i# t'a&!i# 1 l'a#i# list'#i# &"/*'!'#si"#, a#$ t!'s' *i#&i*l's a': I. List'#i# &"/*'!'#si"# l'ss"#s, it /%st !a' $'-i#it' "als, &a'-%ll( stat'$. T!'s' "als s!"%l$ -it i#t" t!' "'all &%i&%l%/. II. List'#i# &"/*'!'#si"# l'ss"#s, it s!"%l$ +' &"#st%&t'$, wit! a &a'-%ll( st'*7+(7st'* *la##i#. T!is i/*li's t!at t!' list'#i# tas)s *"'ss, -"/ si/*l' !'ai# +as'$ a&tiiti's, t" /"' &"/*l'5 %#$'sta#$i# +as'$ "#'s as "% *%*ils ai# i# la#%a' &"/*'t'#&'. III. List'#i# &"/*'!'#si"# l'ss"#s s!"%l$ t'a&! #"t t'st
IV. List'#i# &"/*'!'#si"# l'ss"#s st%&t%' it s!"%l$ $'/a#$ a&ti' *%*il *ati&i*ati"#. A#$ -i#all( V. T!'s' l'ss"#s s!"%l$ st'ss &"#s&i"%s /'/"( w"). 7W' &a# %s' s''al STRATEGIES i# "$' t" $''l"* list'#i# &"/*'!'#si"# s%&! as: SCANNING, SKIMMING, RECONSTRUCTION OF ORAL DISCOURSE, PREDICTION, RECOGNIING INTERNAL STRUCTURES AND CONNECTORS, GUESSING FORM CONTET, a#$, ETENSIVE a#$ INTENSIVE STRATEGIES. 0. SCANNING " l"")i# -" s*'&i-i& $'tails. Its +'tt' t" sa( =%'sti"#s +'-"' t!' list'#i# *a&ti&'. 8. SKIMMING " t" i$'#ti-( t!' *i#&i*al i$'as. F. i#sta#&', w' wa#t t!at "% *%*ils as) t!'/s'l's, w!at is t!is t'5t a+"%t. A#$ t" %'ss t!' t(*' t'5t *"'/, -"l) tal'?, s'tti#s *la&', st''t?, &!aa&t's -"/al, i#-"/al, #'%t'?, a#$ )'( w"$s. 4. RECONSTRUCTION OF ORAL DISCOURSE: a-t' w' '-' t" t!' -ist list'#i#, t!' t'a&!' &a# /a)' a &"#&'*t%al /a* "# t!' +la&)+"a$, &"#si$'i# a w"$ " s'#t'#&' as t!' list'#i# )'(. ;. PREDICTION, *%*ils &a# *'$i&t w!at will +' t!' #'5t "#' t!at t!'( a' "i# t" list'#. . RECOGNIING INTERNAL STRUCTURES AND CONNECTORS: t!is stat'( i's %s &l%'s a+"%t t!' &"#t'#t. F. '5a/*l': FALL1RISE INTONATION, a#$ t!' *ati&l' BUT i#$i&at' &"#tast '5*'ssi"# SO FALL INTONATION i#$i&at' 9RESULT FIRST, THEN, FINALL@, !'l* %s t" i$'#ti-( a#$ aa#' s'=%'#&'s i# $i--''#t *ats. <. GUESSING FORM CONTET: is t" -i#$ "%t t!' /'a#i# "- %#)#"w# w"$s. W' &a# %s' 'st%'s, *i&t%'s a#$, t!' tw" last "#'s a' . ETENSIVE a#$ INTENSIVE LISTENING ETENSIVE LISTENING will +' a -"&%s'$ " '#'al -'at%' "t!' st(l's "- $is&"%s'. T!' la#%a' l''l i# t!is )i#$ "- list'#i# is, i#si$' t!' st%$'#ts &a*a&it(, a#$ t!'( list'# -" *l'as%' a#$ i#t''st. T!is stat'(, &a# +' %s'$ -" t!' '*'s'#tati"# "al'a$( )#"w# /at'ial i# a #'w '#i"#/'#t a#$ it &a# als" s'' t!' -%#&ti"# "- i#t"$%&i# #'w la#%a'. INTENSIVE LISTENING is &l"s' t" 'a tai#i#, a#$ its t!' /"st wi$'l( %s'$ -" list'#i# *a&ti&' i# &lass""/. St%$'#ts a' as)'$ t" list'# a *assa', wit! t!' ai/ "- &"ll'&ti# a#$ "a#iJi# t!' i#-"/ati"# it &"#tai#s. T!is stat'(, &a# +' %s'$ -" t!'
-"&%s "- la#%a' it'/s as *at "- la#%a' t'a&!i# *"a//', a#$ -" '#'al &"/*'!'#si"# a#$ %#$'sta#$i#. 7 A#$, -i#all(, i# t!is *"i#t, I will tal) a+"%t PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS. Fist "- all, t!'s' a' a #%/+' "- st'*s t!at w' !a' t" +'a i# /i#$ w!'# *la##i# t!' list'#i# w") -" "% &lass: 0. &!""s' t!' list'#i# t'5t. 8. &!'&) t!at t!' a&tiiti's a' s%ita+l' 4. a$>%st t!' $i--i&%lt( l''l "- t!' a&tiiti's, i- w' #''$ t" ;. &"#si$', w!'t!' t!' list'#i# w") ("% a' *la##i# will -it t!' ti/' aaila+l' " #"t . t!i#) a+"%t is%al ai$s <. $'&i$' w!'t!' a#( s*'&ial '=%i*/'#t will +' #''$'$ . /a)' %* "% /i#$ a+"%t w!at *"&'$%' ("% will a$"*t -" t!' list'#i# s'ssi"# . i- ("% a' *la##i#, t" *'s'#t t!' list'#i# t'5t 9li' *a&ti&' 'a$i# it al"%$ 7O#&' w' !a' ta)'# t!'s' st'*s, w' /%st t'a&! "% &!il$'# t" $''l"* s)ills, a#$ a&&"$i# t" Ha/', w' &a# $ii$' t!'s' s)ills i#t" TWO T@PES: GENERAL UNDERSTANDING a#$ SPECIFIC UNDERSTANDING: a. GENERAL UNDERSTANDING is &"#&'#'$ wit! t!' t'at/'#t "- a t'5t as a w!"l', a#$ i#&l%$'s t!' -"ll"wi# /i&"s)ills: PREDICTION: +'&a%s' it is %s'-%l t" '#&"%a' &!il$'# t" *'$i&t w!at t!'( t!i#) /i!t &"/' #'5t i# a s*")'# /'ssa'. T!is /'a#s t!at t!'( t!'# list'# t" &!'&)s w!'t!' t!'i '5*'&tati"# /at&!'s t!' 'alit( "- w!at t!'( !'a. ETRACTING SPECIFIC INFORMATION a#$ GETTING THE GENERAL PICTURE "- a# a&tiit( "- list'#i# a#$, +. SPECIFIC UNDERSTANDING, w!i&! i#"l' a $'tail'$ &"/*'!'#si"# "- t!' t'5t. T!'( als" i#&l%$' t!' -"ll"wi# /i&"s)ills: 7 INFERRING OPINION a#$ ATTITUDE +'&a%s' a# awa'#'ss "- st'ss, i#t"#ati"# a#$ +"$( la#%a', s%&! as -a&ial '5*'ssi"#s " 'st%'s, will !'l* t!' &!il$'# w") "%t /'a#i#, s*'&iall( i# $ial"%'s " st"(7 t'lli#. 7 DEDUCING MEANING FROM CONTET +'&a%s' alt!"%! t!' t'a&!' /i!t li)' t" l"ss #'w w"$s +'-"' t!' &!il$'# list'# t" s"/'t!i#, s!' als" #''$s t" '#&"%a' t!'/ t" %s' *i&t%'s a#$ t!'i '#'al )#"wl'$' a+"%t a t"*i& t" w") "%t t!' /'a#i# "- %#-a/ilia w"$s.
7A#$ RECONGNIING DISCOURSE PATTERNS a#$ MARKERS: w"$s s%&! as -ist, t!'#, -i#all(, " +%t, s" , i' i/*"ta#t si#als a+"%t w!at is &"/i# #'5t i# a s*")'# t'5t. T!is is 's*'&iall( i/*"ta#t w!'# list'#i# t" a s'=%'#&' "''#ts, s%&! as i# a st"( " a s't "- i#st%&ti"#s. 7A+"%t LISTENING ACTIVITIES,, w' /a)' s%' t!' &!il$'# a' &l'a a+"%t w!( t!'( a' list'#i#. T!is /'a#s s*'lli# "%t w!i&! *at "- t!' /'ssa' t!'( #''$ t" -"&%s "# a#$ w!at t!'( a' "i# t" $" +'-"' list'#i#, w!il' list'#i# " a-t' list'#i#. S", t" $''l"* t!'s' s)ills, a' &"//"#l( $ii$'$ i#t" THREE CATEGORIES: PRE7LISTENING, WHILE a#$ POST7 LISTENING. o PRE7LISTENING ACTIVITIES !a' as a /ai# ai/ t" a"%s' "% *%*ils i#t''st a#$ i#&l%$' MAKING LIST OF IDEAS " LABELLING. o I# WHILE LISTENING ACTIVITIES w' !a' TRUE1FALSE " SPOTTING MISTAKER a#$ o POST7 LISTENING ACTIVITIES i#&l%$' SUMMARIING " DICTATION. A# a&tiit( t(*' &"%l$ +' -" i#sta#&': 7List'# a#$ *'-"/ a&ti"#s1 -"ll"w i#st%&ti"#s: t!is )i#$ "- a&tiit( is %s'$ wit! a&ti"# s"#s, !(/'s " a/'s s%&! as 9 W!ats t!' ti/' M. W"l- 7P%*"s': list'#i# -" '#>"(/'#t a#$ t" i/*"' /'/"( a#$ &"#&'#tati"# s*a#. 7Mat'ials: i#st%&ti"#s -" a/'s. A&&"$i# t!' +"") 9T!' Pi/a( E#lis! T'a&!'s G%i$' 9 +( B'wst', Ellis a#$ Gia$, '5isti# /'t!"$s a#$ /at'ials -" *i/a( s&!""l E#lis! &"#tai# '&"$'$ *!as's -" %s' i# t!' i#itial &lass's. H"w'', it is *i/ail( t!' t'a&!' w!", +( &"#$%&ti# t!' &lass i# E#lis!, will *"i$' t!' "**"t%#it( -" t!' *%*ils &"#ti#%all( t" i/*"' t!'i list'#i# a+ilit( i# as #at%al a /a##' as *"ssi+l'. T!'' a' "t!' si/*l' wa(s "- tai#i# *%*ils t" list'# '--'&ti'l( s%&! as t!' t'a&!i# "- #%/+'s a#$ l'tt's wit! $i&tati"#s, " is%als ai$s, s%&! as *i&t%'s "- *la#ts, a#i/als " *'"*l', &a# als" +' %s'$ +( t!' *%*ils t" 's*"#$ t" $i&tati"#s i#"li# t!' #a/'s "- "+>'&ts. +. S)e%i!, "# $e%#i! t" s)e% i "#&e# t" -e (&e#st""&
7Fist, I will sa( s''al GENERAL PRINCIPLES i# SPEAKING SKILL: 0. T!' +'i##i# "- "al '5*'ssi"# will stat w!'# t!' *%*il &a# %#$'sta#$ t!' /'a#i# "- la#%a's -ist 'l'/'#ts. 8. T!%s, w' will %s' s!"t $ial"%'s a#$ its will atta&) att'#ti"# "t!'/, +"t! t!' t"*i& a#$ t!' atta&ti' -"/ t" *'s'#t it.
4. I# 'lati"# wit! t!' -ist s(#ta&ti& st%&t%'s w!i&! w' &a# *'s'#t i# -ist " s'&"#$ &(&l'?, t!'( a' *i#&i*all( GESTALTS " PREFABRICATED LANGUAGE, -" i#sta#&' a ''ti# li)' !"w a' ("%. ;. B'-"' *'*ai# "% a&tiiti's w' !a' t" &"#si$' s''al as*'&ts as COMPETENCE l''l, i- "% *%*ils ARE GOING TO USE A BOOK, AGE, CONTENTS. 7 A# "al l'ss"# is "-t'# $ii$'$ i#t" STAGES &"//"#l( )#"w# as PRESENTATION STAGE, PRACTICE STAGE a#$ PRODUCTION STAGE: PRESENTATION STAGE !as as a /ai# ai/ t" i' "% *%*ils t!' "**"t%#iti's t" 'aliJ' t!' %s'-%l#'ss a#$ 'l'a#&' "- t!' #'w la#%a' a#$ t!'i #''$ t" l'a# it. I# t!' i#itial sta's, -ist l'ss"#s "-t'# -"&%s "# t'a&!i# si/*l' ''ti#s a#$ i#t"$%&ti"#s, -.'5: 9!'ll", 9W!ats ("% #a/', 9M( #a/' is. I# t!' 'al( sta's "- l'a#i#, #"t /%&! s*"#ta#'"%s s*''&! &a# +' '5*'&t'$ -"/ *%*ils. S%&! s*''&! la#%a'? &"#sists "-: 7Si/*l' ''ti#s: !'ll", !"w a' ("% 7S"&ial E#lis!: !a' a #i&' w'')'#$ 7R"%ti#'s: w!ats t!' $at' 7Class""/ la#%a': list'#, '*'at, sit $"w#, ""$ 7As)i# *'/issi"#: Ca# I " t" t!' t"il't W' !a' t" +'a i# /i#$ t!at "#&' w' !a' &!"s'# a &"#t'5t -" t!' *'s'#tati"#, w' /%st $'&i$' "# a *"&'$%', w!i&! i#&l%$'s *"i#ts i# t!is "$': a? Fist, +%il$ %* t!' sit%ati"#al &"#t'5t +( /'a#s "- *i&t%'s a#$ ta*'s +? Eli&it t!' #'w la#%a'. &? F"&%s "% *%*ils att'#ti"# "# t!' /"$'l s'#t'#&', a#$ t"? 't t!' '*'titi"# +"t! &!"all( " i#$ii$%all(. $? A#$, &!'&) st%$'#ts %#$'sta#$i#. T!' t'a&!'s /ai# "l' $%i# t!is sta' is as INFORMANT I# PRACTICE STAGE "% *%*ils assi/ilat' a#$ /'/"iJ's t!' #'w la#%a' +( /'a#s "- a&tiiti's s%&! as '*'titi"#s. T!' t'a&!'s "l' is /ai#l( t!"s' as CONDUCTOR a#$ CORRECTOR a#$ I# PRODUCTION STAGE, t!' /ai# ai/s a' t" i' l'a#'s t!' "**"t%#iti's t" i#t'at' t!' #'w l'a#t la#%a' i#t" *'i"%sl( l'a#t la#%a' i# a# %#*'$i&ta+l' li#%isti& &"#t'5t, a#$ t" *"i$' +"t!, t'a&!'s a#$ *%*ils, wit! -''$+a&) a+"%t t!' l'a#i# a#$ t'a&!i# *"&'ss. T!' t'a&!'s "l' is as FACILITATOR.
A&&"$i# t" B'wst' t!' /ai# t!i# is t" +' %#$'st""$ wit!"%t t!' list'#' +'i# "+li'$ t" " t!"%! a s'i's "- /'#tal (/#asti&s i# "$' t" $is&"' w!at t!' *%*il was /"st *"+a+l( t(i# t" sa(. F"/ a *s(&!"l"i&al *"i#t "- i'w, its a ""$ i$'a #"t t" -"&' t!i#s a#$ t" l't 'a&! *%*il stat t" &"#ti+%t' w!'# t!'( -''l 'a$(. 7S"/' s*'a)i# a&tiiti's t!at w' &a# %s' a' REPETITION a&tiiti's li)' 9C!i#'s' w!is*'s t!' t'a&!' w!is*' a w"$ a s'#t'#&' i# t!' *%*ils 'a a#$ t!is /'ssa' will +' ta#s/itt'$ i# t!' sa/' -"/ t" w!"l' &lass. T!' last *%*ils !as t" '*'at al"%$ w!at !' !as >%st list'#'$ " ASKING AND GIVING INFORMATION it &a# &"#sists "- t!' '*'titi"# "- &'tai# st%&t%'s wit! /i#i/%/s &!a#'s w!i&! !a' +''# *a&tis'$ *'i"%sl( i# &lass t" &"/*l't' a =%'sti"##ai', *"st's, 't& F" i#sta#&', a# a&tiit( t(*' &"%l$ +': L""), list'# a#$ '*'at: t!' t'a&!' s!"ws a *i&t%', sa(s t!' w"$ a#$ *%*ils '*'at: l"") A# 'l'*!a#t. R'*'at. W!'# t!' t'a&!' is satis-i'$ wit! !' *%*ils *"#%#&iati"# s!' &a# /"' a#"t!' w"$. O#&' s''al #'w it'/s !a' +''# i#t"$%&'$, t!' t'a&!' &a# &!'&) +( s!"wi# a *i&t%' a#$ as)i#, w!ats t!is A#$ *%*ils '*l(. P%*"s': t" i#t"$%&' #'w "&a+%la( " st%&t%'s. Mat'ials: *i&t%' &a$s, -" '5a/*l' a#i/als. F""$, &"l"%s, a&ti"#s . Le%#i! t" #e%& %& /#ite
L'a#i# t" 'a$ a -"'i# la#%a' is "+i"%sl( #"t a *i/a( ai/ "- 'al( l'a#i# "- E#lis!. N''t!'l'ss, t!' tw" s)ills "- 'a$i# a#$ witi# a' l'a#i# t""ls, w!i&! it w"%l$ +' w"# t" i#"', as t!'( "&&%*( a *"siti"# "-%#$a/'#tal i/*"ta#&' i# t!' "+>'&ti's "- *i/a( s&!""l '$%&ati"# a#$ i# t!' a&tiiti's "- t!' *%*ils. L'a#i# t" 'a$ i# E#lis! will a$%all( i' ("%# +'i##'s a# a+ilit( t" 'a$ a%t"#"/"%sl( as t!'( a&=%i' +"t! t!' #'&'ssa( a+ilit( a#$ t!' tast' -" 'a$i#. T!'' a' *%+lis!'s s*'&ialiJi# i# E#lis! as a -"'i# la#%a' t!at "--'s ill%stat'$ 'a$'s -" &!il$'#. T!' a$'#t%'s "- t!' a#i/al a#$ !%/a# !'"'s i# t!'s' +"")s '5&it' t!' i#t''st "- t!' &!il$'# a#$ '#&"%a' t!'/ t" 'a$ "#. W' !a' TWO T@PES OF STRATEGIES t" $''l"* 'a$i# &"/*'!'#si"#: ACCORDING TO THE SENSE USED a#$ ACCORDING THE ACTIVITIES. ACCORDING TO THE SENSE USED w' !a' READING B@ EAR a#$ READING B@ E@E
READING B@ EAR: w' &a#t 'a$ wit!"%t t!' *!"#i& 'l'/'#t, t!ats t" sa(, 'a$i# is a li#'al *"&'ss a#$ w' a$a#&' i$'#ti-(i# a#$ '*"$%&i# t!' *!"#i& 'l'/'#ts "- t'5ts. T!is stat'( is '( i/*"ta#t i# t!' -ist sta' "- l'a#i# a -"'i# la#%a'. READING B@ E@E: t!' 'lati"# +'tw''# witt'# w"$ a#$ si#i-i&ati"# is $i'&t. T!%s, t!' w"$s a' 'a$ as %#its wit! /'a#i# wit!"%t t!' *ati&i*ati"# "- a# i#t'/'$iat' /'&!a#is/. T!is stat'( is %s'$ wit! *%*ils w!" !a' a &'tai# 'a$i# -l%'#&( a#$. ACCORDING TO THE ACTIVITIES USED w' !a' SCANNING, SKIMMING, FOLLOW A SEUENCE, SURVIVAL READING, PREDICTION, INFORMATION TRANSFER. 0. SCANNING " l"")i# -" s*'&i-i& $'tails s%&! as a -i'#$s a$$'ss. Its +'tt' t" sa( =%'sti"#s +'-"' 'a$i#. 8. SKIMMING " t" i$'#ti-( t!' *i#&i*al i$'as. F. I#sta#&', w' wa#t t!at "% *%*ils as) t!'/s'l's, w!at is t!is t'5t a+"%t. A#$ t!'( &a# i$'#ti-( t(*' t'5t *"'/, -"l) tal'?, s'tti#s *la&', st''t?, &!aa&t's -"/al, i#-"/al, #'%t'?, a#$ )'( w"$s. 4. FOLLOW A SEUENCE: its %s'-%l t" %#$'sta#$ i#st%&ti"#s " i$'#ti-(i#. F. I#sta#&' t!' li-' *!as's "- -a/"%s *'"*l'. ;. SURVIVALS READING: its '-''$ t" l"&aliJati"# "- t'5t, w!i&! !'l* %s t" -i#$ s"/'t!i# t!at w' a' l"")i# -" i# a# %+a# &"#t'5t. F. i#sta#&': ta--i& si#als wit! s"t t'5t ONE WA@?, " i#-"/ati' si#als EIT, MIND THE GAP? . PREDICTION, w!'# w' &a# %s' &l%'s w!i&! s!"w. W!ats "i# t" t!' #'5t -. i#sta#&', w' sa(: t!'' was a# E#lis!/a#, a F'#&!/a#, a#$ a# Iis!/a#. <. INFORMATION TRANSFER: t!is stat'( *'/its %s t" ta#slat' $'t'/i#'$ -a&ts "- a t'5t t" $i--''#t "#'s. F. I#sta#&': a ta'l, " a$'#t%' st"( &a# +' ta#s-"/'$ i# a &"/i& " /a*. A+"%t READING SKILLS: a#$ a&&"$i# t" Ha/' w' &a# $ii$' t!'s' s)ills i#t" tw" t(*'s: GENERAL UNDERSTANDING a#$ SPECIFIC UNDERSTANDING. 7GENERAL UNDERSTANDING a' &"#&'#'$ wit! t!' t'at/'#t "- a t'5t as a w!"l'. T!'( i#&l%$' t!' -"ll"wi# /i&" s)ills: PREDICTION, ETRACTING SPECIFIC INFORMATION, a#$ GETTING THE GENERAL PICTURE. 7SPECIFIC UNDERSTANDING a' s%+s'=%'#tl( a#$ i#"l' a $'tail'$ &"/*'!'#si"# "- t!' t'5t. T!'( i#&l%$': INFERRING OPINION AND ATTITUDE, DEDUCING MEANING FROM CONTET, a#$ RECOGNIING DISCOURSE PATTERNS AND MARKERS.
W' &a# als" tal) a+"%t READING ACTIVITIES, a#$ a' &"//"#l( $ii$'$ i#t" THREE T@PES: PRE7 READING, WHILE READING a#$ POST7 READING ACTIVITIES. PRE7 READING ACTIVITIES !a' as a /ai# ai/ t" a"%s' "% *%*ils o i#t''st i# w!at t!'( a' "i# t" 'a$. T!'( /a( i#&l%$': PRE7LIMINAR@ DISCUSSION, HEADLINESS AND TITLES, a#$ SEUENCING PICTURES. WHILE READING ACTIVITIES -" '#'al a#$ s*'&i-i& %#$'sta#$i#. o T!'( /a( i#&l%$': SUGGESTING A TITLE, UNDERLINE THE INFORMATION REUIRED, a#$ CHART COMPLETATION. POST7 READING ACTIVITIES &a# +' t!"%!t as a -"ll"w %* w"). T!'( o /a( i#&l%$' PREPARE A SIMILAR NET, PARTICIPATE IN A ROLE7PLA@ BASED ON THE NET MAKE A DRAWING. Fi#all( t" sa( t!at 'a$i# i# E#lis! i# t!' 'al( sta's will %s%all( '/ai# at t!' w"$ l''l, w!'' &!il$'# *la( si/*l' a/'s as $"/i#"'s, s#a* " +i#". F" i#sta#&', a# a&tiit( t(*' &"%l$ +': Pla(i# a/'s s%&! as "$$7 "#' "%t " s*"t t!' $i--''#&'. P%*ils i$'#ti-( si/ilaiti's a#$ $i--''#&'s +'tw''# l'tt's " w"$s. P%*"s': t" $''l"* *!"#i& s)ills a#$ si!t '&"#iti"# "- w"$s. Mat'ial: -las!&a$s " w")s!''ts wit! w"$s "%*'$ i# t!'' " -"%s.
A#$ a+"%t t!' last s)ill, /#iti!, w' &a# sa( t!at i# t!' 'al( sta's "- l'a#i# E#lis!, t!' *%*ils will '#'all( wit' '( littl'. It is a ""$ i$'a t" %s' &"*(i# i# a wa(, w!i&! '#&"%a's *%*ils t" t!i#), t!is /'a#s %si# &"ssw"$s, a#$ /at&!i#, s'=%'#&i# " &lassi-(i# a&tiiti's. W' als" !a' i# t!is s)ill s''al sta's: 0. Fist, FAMILIARIATION AND CONTROLLED WRITING: at t!' +'i##i#, w"$s a#$ '5*'ssi"#s w"#t +' *'s'#t'$ is"lat'$, +%t wit! a l"t "- &"#t'5t%al ai$s, wall&!ats, -las!&a$s. W' &a# %s' a&tiiti's s%&! as FILLIG CROSSWORDS, PUTTING UNDER PICTURES t!' i!t s'#t'#&'s wit! "%ti#'s '5*'ssi"#s? 8. T!' s'&"#$ sta' is GUIDING WRITING a#$ w' %s' *'7 &"//%#i&ati' a&tiiti's t" 'a&! "%t t!' -'' &"/*"siti"# "s!"t t'5ts. W' !a' -" i#sta#&', INFORMATION TRANSFER STRATEG@: wit! '5&%si"# *!"t"a*!i's w!i&! i' %s /at'ial t" *"$%&' t'5ts t!'( !a' t" wit' a+"%t w!at t!'( s''? a#$
4. T!' t!i$ sta' is FREE COMPOSITION t!at &a# +' i#t"$%&'$ w!'# t!' *'i"%s "#'s !a' +''# -ill'$ a#$ wit! a&tiiti's s%&! as FILLING CHRISTMAS " BITHDA@ CARDS A&&"$i# t" Matt!'w, witi# s)ills &a# +' $ii$'$ "#: 0. GRAPHIC SKILLS w!i&! i#&l%$' as*'&ts s%&! as PUNCTUATION " SPELLING 8. ST@LISTIC SKILLS '-' t" "% *%*ils a+ilit( t" '5*'ss *'&is' /'a#i# i# a ai't( "- st(l's a#$ 'ist's t" sa( 9!'ll" sa$ " !a**( 4. ORGANIATIONAL SKILLS w!i&! i#"l' t!' s'=%'#&i# "i$'as +( %si# &"##'&t"s s%&! as 9-ist, 9-i#all( ;. GRAMATICAL SKILLS '-' t" "% *%*ils a+ilit( t" %s' s%&&'ss-%ll( a ai't( "- s'#t'#&' *att'#s a#$ &"#st%&ti"# a#$ #'ati's " a--i/ati' s'#t'#&'s? . RHETORICAL SKILLS '-' t" *%*ils a+ilit( t" %s' &"!'si"# $'i&'s i# "$' t" li#) *at "- a t'5t i#t" l"i&all( 'lat'$ s'=%'#&'s /"' " l'ss as "a#iJati"#al? A# a&tiit( t(*' &"%l$ +': S#a*: Mat'ials: 8; *la(i# &a$s wit! &"//"# w"$s witt'# "# t!'/. T!' w"$s #''$ t" +' "%*'$ i#t" -a/ili's w!i&! !a' tw" " t!'' l'tt's i# &"//"#, -" '5a/*l': at, !at, /at, &at6 t!', "t!', /"t!', a#"t!'. M't!"$: t!' &a$s a' $ii$'$ '=%all( +'tw''# tw" *la('s. Ea&! *la(' *la&'s t!' &a$ -a&' $"w# i# t!' %s%al wa(. W!'# a *la(' sa(s 9s#a*, s!'1 !' !as t" sa( w!( t!' tw" &a$s a' li#)'$. N" si#l' l'tt' /at&!i# is all"w'$. T!' wi##' is t!' -ist *la(' t" &"ll'&t all t!' &a$s. A#$ wit! t!at I -i#is! t!' -ist /ai# *"i#t i# t!is t"*i&. N"w, I will tal) a+"%t t!' "t!' /ai# *"i#t. +. THE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH
C!"/s)( $'-i#'$ la#%a' as a s't "- s'#t'#&'s 'a&! -i#it' i# l'#t! a#$ &"#st%&t'$ "%t "- a -i#it' s't "- 'l'/'#ts H' sai$ t!at a #ati' s*'a)' !as a s%+&"#s&i"%s )#"wl'$' "- t!' a//ati&al %l's "- !is la#%a', w!i&! all"ws !i/ t" /a)' s'#t'#&'s i# t!at la#%a'. T!is is w!at C!"/s)( &all'$ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE. H"w'', DELL H@MES t!"%!t t!at C!"/s)( !a$ -""tt'# s"/' '( i/*"ta#t i#-"/ati"# a+"%t t!' %l's "- %s', +'&a%s' w!'# a #ati' s*'a)s, !'
$"'s#t "#l( %tt' a//ati&all( &"'&ts, !' als" )#"ws WHERE, WHEN, a#$ t" WHOM t" %s' t!'s'. H' sai$ t!at &"/*'t'#&' +( its'l- is #"t '#"%! t" '5*lai# a s*'a)'s )#"wl'$', a#$, '*la&' it wit! t!' &"#&'*t "- &"//%#i&ati' &"/*'t'#&'. H' $isti#%is!'$ FOUR ASPECTS "- !is CC: s(st'/ati& *"t'#tial, a**"*ia&(, "&&%'#&' a#$ -'asi+ilit( S@STEMATIC POTENTIAL /'a#s t!at t!' #ati' s*'a)' *"ss'ss's a s(st'/ t!at !as a *"t'#tial -" &'ati# a l"t "la#%a'. T!is is si/ila t" C!"/s)( &"/*'t'#&'. APPROPIAC@ /'a#s t!' #ati' s*'a)' )#"ws w!at la#%a' is a**"*iat' i# a i'# sit%ati"#. His &!"i&' is +as'$ "# t!' -"ll"wi# aia+l's: SETTING, PARTICIPANT, PURPOSE, CHANNEL a#$ TOPIC OCURRENCE /'a#s t!at t!' #ati' s*'a)' )#"ws !"w "-t'# s"/'t!i# is sai$ i# a la#%a' a#$ a&ts a&&"$i#l( FEASIBILIT@ /'a#s t!' #ati' s*'a)' )#"ws w!'t!' s"/'t!i# is *"ssi+l' i# a la#%a' " #"t T!'s' -"% &at'"i's !a' +''# a$a*t'$ -" t'a&!i# *%*"s's T!%s, t!' R"(al D'&'' 033<120 "- 0; t! "- %#' w!i&! 'sta+lis!'s t!' t'a&!i# '=%i'/'#ts -" Pi/a( E$%&ati"# #ati"#wi$' s''s C"//%#i&ati' C"/*'t'#&' as &"/*isi# -i' s%+&"/*'t'#&'s: GRAMMAR C, DISCOURSE, SOCIOLINGUISTIC, STRATEGIC AND SOCIOCULTURAL COMPETENCE. GRAMMAR C.: t!' a+ilit( t" *%t i#t" *a&ti&' t!' li#%isti& %#its a&&"$i# t" t!' %l's "- %s' 'sta+lis!'$ i# t!' li#%isti& s(st'/ DISCOURSE C: t!' a+ilit( t" %s' $i--''#t t(*'s "- $is&"%s' a#$ "a#iJ' t!'/ a&&"$i# t" t!' &"//%#i&ati' sit%ati"# a#$ t!' s*'a)'s i#"l'$ i# it. SOCIOLINGUISTIC C: t!' a+ilit( t" a$'=%at' t!' %tt'a#&'s t" t!' s*'&i-i& &"#t'5t, i# a&&"$i# wit! t!' a&&'*t'$ %sa' "- t!' $'t'/i#'$ li#%isti& &"//%#it(. STRATEGIC C: t!' a+ilit( t" $'-i#', &"'&t " i# '#'al, /a)' a$>%st/'#ts, i# t!' &"//%#i&ati' sit%ati"#. SOCIOCULTURAL C: w!i&! !as t" +' %#$'st""$ as a &'tai# awa'#'ss "- t!' s"&ial a#$ &%lt%al &"#t'5t i# w!i&! t!' -"'i# la#%a' is %s'$. Fi#all( a#$ . CONCLUSION "- t!is t"*i&, t" sa( t!at t!' i#t'at'$ '$%&ati"# "- t!' -"% /ai# s)ills, +'si$' t" *'/it %s t!' %s' "- /at'ial -"
*a&tisi# $i--''#t li#%isti&s a&tiiti's, it a#sw' t" #at%al *!'#"/'#"# i# "% ''($a( li-': s"/'ti/'s w' tal) "all( wa(? #"t "#l( w!at w' s'', list'#, +%t w' als" tal) a+"%t s"/'t!i# t!at w' !a' >%st 'a$, ", w' wit' a+"%t s"/'t!i# t!at w' !a' !'a$ " 'a$. A#( *a&ti&', t!%s, a+"%t a $'t'/i#'$ li#%isti& s)ills, /%st +' &"/*l't'$ a#$ 'st'$ "# t!' "t!' "#'s. . BIBLIOGRAPH t! T!' "(al $'&'' 033<120 "- 0; "- %#' a+"%t t'a&!i# '=%i'/'#ts -" Pi/a( E$%&ati"#. 9T!' Pi/a( E#lis! T'a&!'s G%i$' +( B'wst'. E$. P'#%i#. E#lis! 0228 9T!' Ca/+i$' E#&(&l"*a'$ia "- La#%a' +( C(stal. E$. Ca/+i$'. U#i'sit( P'ss 02 9T!' Pa&ti&' "- E#lis! La#%a' T'a&!i# +( Ha/'. E$. L"#/a#. L"#$"#. 024
