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CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS/FINDINGS This part of the study involves analysis and interpretation of the gathered data. These were treated with statistical tools, presented in tables and figures, which were all used to answer questions stated in the first chapter of the study. 1. Profile of The Respondents 1.1 Age
Figure 3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents’ Age
Figure 1 depicts the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents according to their age. As seen, nine (9) or fifty-three percent (53%) of the respondents
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were age twelve, seven (7) equivalent to forty-one percent (41%) were age thirteen, and finally, one (1) or six percent (6%) belonged to the age fifteen group. The average age among the seventh grade students was twelve. 1.2 Gender
Figure 4 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents’ Gender Figure 2 illustrates the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents in terms of their gender. It can be seen through the chart that most of the respondents were females with a total number of nine (9) equivalent to fifty-three percent (53%). On the other hand, the male group consisted of eight (8) individuals, which was equal to fortyseven percent (47%) of the respondents.
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1.3 Self-Esteem Levels
Figure 5 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents’ Self-Esteem Figure 3 shows the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents according to their self-esteem levels. Five (5) individuals or twenty-nine percent (29 %) had low self-esteem, while most of the respondents, twelve (12) equivalent to seventyone percent (71%) had normal levels of self-esteem. Nowadays, it is common for people, especially teenagers to have low self-esteem. This is due to many factors: society and the media, disapproval from family and friends, having no support group, trauma, and bullying. Some of these may be the reasons why a few respondents were found to have low self-esteem. Nevertheless, majority of the
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respondents had normal self-esteem levels. These individuals may be practicing positive thinking, balanced self-love, nurturing healthy relationships, and looking at the true meaning of life. 1.4 Bullying Behavior Table 1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents’ Bullying Behavior
Bully
Victim
Fight IBS Overall
Not Involved Mild Moderate Severe
Subscale 5 29% 11 65% 1 6% -
Subscale 4 23% 7 41% 3 18% 3 18%
Subscale 15 88% 2 12% -
10 6 1 -
59% 35% 6% -
Table 1 illustrates the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents’ bullying behavior as measured by the IBS. It can be seen that under the bully subscale, five (5) respondents or twenty-nine percent (29%) were not involved, eleven (11) or sixty-five percent (65%) were mild bullies, one (1) or six percent (6%) was a moderate bully. In the victim subscale, four (4) respondents or twenty-three percent (23%) were not involved, seven (7) or forty-one percent (41%) were mild victims, three (3) or eighteen percent (18%) were moderate victims, and lastly, the same number were revealed to severe victims of bullying. Under the fight subscale, fifteen (15) respondents or eightyeight percent (88%) were not involved, two (2) or twelve percent (12%) were mild (physical) fighters.
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The total IBS scores of the respondents show the general involvement of the respondents as being a bully or victim. Ten (10) individuals or fifty-nine percent (59%) were not involved, six (6) or thirty-five percent (35%) were mild bullies/victims, one (1) or six percent (6%) was in the moderate bully/victim category. These findings may be explained through many factors including dysfunctional families, peer pressure, violent games and shows, and poor emotional health. Individuals involved in mild to moderate bullying and being a victim may have a hard time regulating their emotions. Some victims may also be bullies themselves. Respondents involved in bullying are possibly engaged in such behavior because of peer pressure, they have a violent family member, and/or enjoy receiving rewards such as feeling in control and owning other people’s belongings. Moreover, bullies lack empathy and are usually impulsive, as well. Fortunately, most of the respondents were revealed to be uninvolved in bullying or being a victim of bullying. Perhaps these individuals are less exposed to violent games and shows, are surrounded with more affectionate people, have a healthy emotional state and look up to a positive role model.
2. Relationship between Respondents’ Self-Esteem and Bullying Behavior
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This part of the research focused on determining the degree of relationship between the respondents’ self-esteem and bullying behavior. Cramer’s V Coefficient and the Chi-Square Test were used to correlate the two variables. Table 2 Correlation Results Obtained Between Respondents’ Self-Esteem and Bullying Behavior
Variables
Coefficient
Computed
Critical
Degree of
value
Chi-Square
Value
Correlation Moderately
0.28842
1.4142
5.991
small positive
Self-Esteem and Bullying Behavior df = 2
Interpretation
Not significant
correlation Level of Significance = .05
Table 2 presents the correlation results between the respondents’ self-esteem and bullying behavior. The Cramer’s V coefficient value of 0.28842 or 0.29 reflected the degree of association as moderately small positive correlation. Since the calculated ChiSquare value of 1.4142 was less than the critical value of 5.991 with 2 degrees of freedom, it was concluded that the relationship between the respondents’ self-esteem and bullying behavior was not significant. Therefore, the null hypothesis was accepted. Selfesteem is not affected by bullying.
