South East International Rattan Inc v. Jesus J. Coming

SOUTH EAST INT’L RATTAN INC. v. JJ COMING

G.R. No. 186621/ MAR 12, 2014 / VILLARAMA, JR., J./ LABOR-Work Relatio!"i# $a%tor! or &e!t!/ AJL'AR()*O

NA&+ NA&+R) R) )&I&ION)R

etit etitio io  or or 'ert 'ertio iora rari ri

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South East Int’l Rattan Inc. and/or Estanislao

 Agbay 

R)ON()N&

 Jesus J. Coming

SUMMARY .  JJ 'oi le a %o#lait o r illeal i!i!!al, 3er#aet

o 5ae!, 5ae!, o-#ae o-#aett o "olia "olia #a, 1t" ot" #a a !er7i%e !er7i%e i%eti7e i%eti7e lea7e #a, 5it" #raer #raer or rei!tate rei!tateet, et, a%k 5ae!, 5ae!, aae! a attore9! ee!. Ratta I%. eie "a7i "ire JJ, !"o5i t"at "e aile to #re!et a !ile #a!li#, 7o3%"er or a %o# o a %o#a #arol #arolll !"o5i !"o5i  t"at t"at "e reere reere  !er7i% !er7i%e, e, or 5a! "e i t"e li!t o  e#loee! re#orte to t"e . DOCTRINE. I re!ol7i t"e i!!3e o 5"et"er !3%" relatio!"i# e:i!t! i a i7e %a!e, !3!tatial e7ie%e ; that amount of relevant evidence which a reasonable mind might accet as ade!uate to "ustify a conclusion ; i! !3<%iet. Alt"o3" o #arti%3lar or o e7ie%e i! re=3ire to #ro7e t"e e:i!te%e o t"e relatio!"i#, a a %o#etet a rele7at e7ie%e to #ro7e t"e relatio!"i# a e aitte, a i t"at t"e relatio!"i# e:i!t! 3!t oet"ele!! re!t o !3!tatial e7ie%e. FACTS. •

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O No7ee No7eerr , 200, 200, re!#o re!#oe et t Je!3! Je!3! J. 'o 'oi i le a %o#lait %o#lait or illeal i!i!!al, i!i!!al, 3er#aet 3er#aet o 5ae!, 5ae!, o#ae #aett o "olia "olia  #a, #a, 1t" 1t" ot" ot" #a a !er7i%e !er7i%e i%eti7e i%eti7e lea7e #a, 5it" #raer #raer or rei!tate rei!tateet, et, a%k 5ae!, aae! a attore9! ee!.  JJ allee t"at "e 5a! "ire  #etitioer! a! i>i Ma%"ie O#erator O#erator o Mar%" 1?, 1@84. i! 5ork !%"e3le !%"e3le i! ro 800 a.. to C00 #.. Iitiall, "i! %o#e!atio 5a! o D#akiaoE a!i! 3t !oetie i  J3e 1@84, it 5a! :e at 1C0.00 #er a 5"i%" 5a! #ai 5eekl. I 1@@0, 1@@0, 5it"o3 5it"o3tt a a##are a##aret t rea!o rea!o,, "i! e#lo e#loet et 5a! iterr3#te a! "e 5a! tol  #etitioer! to re!3e 5ork i t5o ot"!9 tie. Bei Bei  a 3e 3e3% 3%ate ate  #er! #er!o o,, JJ 5a! 5a! #er! #er!3a 3ae e   t"e t"e aaeet a! 5ell a! "i! rot"er ot to %o#lai, a! ot"er5i!e #etitioer! i"t e%ie ot to %all "i a%k or 5ork. $eari $eari !3%" %o!e=3e% %o!e=3e%e, e, JJ a%%e#te a%%e#te "i! ate. Noet"ele! Noet"ele!!, !, ater ater t5o ot"! ot"! "e re#orte re#orte  a%k to 5ork 5ork 3#o 3#o orer orer o  aaeet. (e!#it (e!#ite e ei ei a e#loe e#loee e or a ear! ear! 5it" 5it" "i! 5ork #erora%e e7er =3e!tioe  #etitioer!, re!#oet 5a! i!i!!e o Ja3ar 1, 2002 5it"o3t la53l %a3!e. e 5a! tol t"at "e 5ill e teriate e%a3!e t"e %o#a i! ot oi 5ell a%iall a t"at "e 5o3l e %alle a%k to

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5ork ol i t"e ee "i! !er7i%e! aai. JJ 5aite or alo!t a ear 3t #etitioer! i ot %all "i a%k to 5ork. O t"eir #art, Ratta eie "a7i "ire re!#oet. &"at i!, Ratta eie t"at JJ 5a! t"eir e#loee   JJ allee t"at "e 5or ke %oti3o3!l ro Mar%" 1?, 1@84 3# 3# to Ja3ar 21, 2002. Re%or! re7eal "o5e7er t"at Ratta I%. 5a! i%or#orate ol la!t  J3l 18, 1@86. Moreo7er, 5"e t"e !tarte to a%t3all o#erate i  1@8?, t"e %o#a 5a! eae #3rel o D3i a a e:#or :#orti ti  ratt ratta a 3r 3rit it3r 3reE eE "e% "e%e e o a3a%t3ri e#loee! 5ere "ire. $3rt"erore, ro t"e la!t =3arter o 1@8@ 3# to  A33 A33!t !t o 1@ 1@@2 @2,, t"e t"e %o# %o#a a  !3!# !3!#e ee e  o#er o#erat atio io! ! 3e 3e to e%o e%ooi oi%% re7e re7er! r!e! e! a! #er #er 'erti%atio i!!3e  t"e )'.   JJ al!o aile to #re!et a !ile #a!li#, 7o3%"er or a %o# %o# o a %o# %o#a a  #ar #aroll oll !"o5 !"o5i i  t"at t"at "e ree reere re  !er7i% !er7i%e e 3ri 3ri t"e #erio #erio ii%at ii%ate e t"erei. Al!o Al!o,, JJ9! JJ9! ae ae oe! oe! ot ot a##e a##ear ar i t"e t"e li!t li!t o   e#loee! re#orte to t"e .   &"ere 5a! al!o a A<a7it o Vi%ete 'oi, JJ9! 3ll rot"er, atte!ti t"at JJ "a e7er ee a e#loee o Ratta. Ratta. &"e ol %oe%tio 5a! t"at t"eir e#loer $a3!tio A#oar !3##lie! i!"e ratta #ro3%t! to Ratta I%. Laor Ariter reere e%i!io i a7or o JJ. NLR' re7er!e t"e (e%i!io o t"e Laor Ariter. Ariter. 'A o7ert3re NLR' e%i!io, i a7or o JJ. Ratta I%. o5 rai!e t"e i!!3e 3# to t"e '.

ISSUES & RATIO. RATIO . 1. WON an employeremployer-emplo employee yee relationsh relationship ip existed existed between between the company and JJ Coming. – YE.

I re!ol7i t"e i!!3e o 5"et"er !3%" relatio!"i# e:i!t! i a i7e %a!e, s!bstantial s!bstantial e"idence e"idence – that amount of !"!vant !v#$!n%! h#%h a !a'ona("! m#n$ m#)ht a%%!*t a' a$!+uat! to ,u't#f- a %on%"u'#on – is s!#cient.

Alt"o3" o #arti%3lar or o e7ie%e i! re=3ire to #ro7e t"e e:i!te%e o t"e relatio!"i#, a a %o#etet a rele7at e7ie%e to #ro7e t"e relatio!" relatio!"i# i# a e aitte, aitte, a i i t"at t"e relatio!" relatio!"i# i# e:i!t! e:i!t! 3!t oet"ele!! re!t o !3!tatial e7ie%e.  &o  &o a!%ertai t"e e:i!te%e o a e#loer-e#loee relatio!"i#  F3ri!#r3e%e "a! i7arial a"ere to t"e o3r-ol o3r-ol te!t, to 5it 1H &"e !ele%tio a eaeet o t"e e#loee 2H &"e #aet o 5ae!

H &"e #o5er o i!i!!al a 4H &"e #o5er to %otrol t"e e#loee9! %o3%t, or t"e !o-%alle D%otrol te!t.E I t"i! %a!e, Ratta I%. eie t"e relatio!"i#  ar3i t"at JJ 5a! ot re#orte a! t"eir e#loee i  a "i! ae oe! ot a##ear i t"e #aroll! a i #a e7elo#e re%or!. I &a 7. Laraa, t"e 'o3rt "el t"at t"e a%t t"at a 5orker 5a! ot re#orte a! a e#loee to t"e  i! ot %o%l3!i7e #roo o t"e a!e%e o e#loer-e#loee relatio!"i#. Ot"er5i!e, a e#loer 5o3l e re5are or "i! ail3re or e7e ele%t to #eror "i! oliatio. Nor oe! t"e a%t t"at re!#oet9! ae oe! ot a##ear i t"e #aroll! a #a e7elo#e re%or! !3itte  #etitioer! eate t"e e:i!te%e o  e#loer-e#loee relatio!"i#. $or a #aroll to e 3tili>e to i!#ro7e t"e e#loet o a #er!o, it 3!t %otai a tr3e a %o#lete li!t o t"e e#loee. I t"i! %a!e, t"e e:"iit! oere  #etitioer! eore t"e NLR' %o!i!ti o %o#ie! o #aroll! a #a eari! re%or! are ol or t"e ear! 1@@@ a 2000 t"e o ot %o7er t"e etire 18-ear #erio 3ri 5"i%" re!#oet !3##o!el 5orke or )IRI. A%%ori to t"e 'A, it 5a! a##aret t"at Ratta I%. aitaie a !e#arate #aroll or %ertai e#loee! or 5ill3ll retaie a #ortio o t"e #aroll. A! to t"e D%otrol te!tE, t"e ollo5i a%t! i3ital re7eal t"at Ratta I%. 5iele %otrol o7er t"e 5ork #erora%e o JJ 1H &"e re=3ire "i to 5ork 5it"i t"e %o#a #rei!e! 2H &"e olie JJ to re#ort e7er a o t"e 5eek a ta!ke "i to 3!3all #eror t"e !ae Fo H &"e eor%e t"e o!er7a%e o eite "o3r! o 5ork ro 8a to Ca

4H &"e oe o #aet o JJ9! !alar 5a! 3er t"eir i!%retio, at r!t #ai "i o D#akiaoE a!i! a t"ereater, o ail a!i! CH &"e i#leete %o#a r3le! a re3latio! 6H Aa ire%tl #ai JJ9! !alarie! a %otrolle all a!#e%t! o  "i! e#loet a ?H JJ reere 5ork e%e!!ar a e!irale i t"e 3!ie!! o  t"e Ratta I%. DECISION.

etitio i! eie. &"e 'A (e%i!io 2008H a Re!ol3tio 200@H are a
DI a %otro7er! et5ee a laorer a "i! a!ter, do!bts reasonably arising %rom the e"idence are resol"ed in %a"or o% the laborer.

A! a re3lar e#loee, re!#oet eFo! t"e ri"t to !e%3rit o te3re 3er Arti%le 2?@ o t"e Laor 'oe a a ol e i!i!!e or a F3!t or a3t"ori>e %a3!e, ot"er5i!e t"e i!i!!al e%oe! illeal.E (rt. )*+, $abor Code Security of #enure. K I %a!e! o re3lar e#loet, t"e e#loer !"all

ot teriate t"e !er7i%e! o a e#loee e:%e#t or a F3!t %a3!e or 5"e a3t"ori>e  t"i! &itle. A e#loee 5"o i! 3F3!tl i!i!!e ro 5ork !"all e etitle to rei!tateet 5it"o3t lo!! o !eiorit ri"t! a ot"er #ri7ilee! a to "i! 3ll a%k5ae!, i%l3!i7e o allo5a%e!, a to "i! ot"er eet! or t"eir oetar e=3i7alet %o#3te ro t"e tie "i! %o#e!atio 5a! 5it""el ro "i 3# to t"e tie o "i! a%t3al rei!tateet.