Selenium Webdriver Tutorials

Day 1 - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver 1. Datatypes In Java 2. String Class In Java 3. if, if else and nested if else In Java 4. for loop In Java 5. while, do while loops In Java 6. One and two dimensional array In Java 7. Methods In Java 8. Access Modifiers In Java 9. Return Type Of Method In Java 10. Static, Non Static Methods, Variables In Java 11. Object In Java 12. Variable Types In Java 13. Constructor In Java 14. Inheritance In Java 15. Interface In Java 16. ArrayList In Java 17. Hashtable In Java 18. Read-Write Text File In Java 19. Exception handling, try-catch-finally, throw and throws In Java Day 2 - WebDriver Installation And Configuration 1. Introduction of Selenium WebDriver 2. Downloading and installation Of Selenium Webdriver with Eclipse 3. Creating And Running First Webdriver Script --3.1 Running WebDriver In Google Chrome Day 3 - Configure JUnit With WebDriver 4. Downloading and installation Of JUnit with Eclipse --5.1 Creating and running webdriver test with junit --5.2 Creating and running junit test suite with webdriver --6.1 Using JUnit Annotations in webdriver --6.2 @Before/@After VS @BeforeClass/@AfterClass Difference --6.3 Ignoring JUnit Test from execution --6.4 Junit Timeout And Expected Exception Test Day 4 - Generate Test Report Using JUnit 7. Selenium WebDriver Test report Generation using JUnit - 3 Steps Day 5 - Element Locators In WebDriver 8. Different Ways Of Locating Elements In WebDriver Day 5 - WebDriver Basic Action Commands With Example

9. WebDriver Basic Action Commands And Operations With Examples * Open Firefox Browser * Maximizing Browser Window * Open URL In Browser * Clicking On Button * Submitting Form Using .submit() Method * Store Text Of Element * Typing Text In To Text box * Get Page Title * Get Current Page URL * Get Domain Name * Generating Alert Manually * Selecting Value From Dropdown Or Listbox * Deselecting Value From Dropdown Or Listbox * Navigating Back And Forward * Verify Element Present * Capturing Entire Page Screenshot * Generating Mouse Hover Event * Handling Multiple Windows * Verify Element Is Enabled Or Not * Enable/Disable Element * Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompt popup * Handle Unexpected Alert Day 6 - WebDriver Wait For Examples Using JUnit And Eclipse 10. How to apply implicit wait in selenium WebDriver script 11. WebDriver Examples * Wait For Element * Wait For Text * Wait For Alert * Wait For Title * Wait For Element Visible * Wait For Element Invisible Day 7 - WebDriver Other Examples 12. WebDriver Other Examples * findElement() And findElements() Difference * Generating Log In WebDriver * Creating Object Repository Using Properties File * Extracting All Links From Page * Extracting/Reading Table Data * Handle Dynamic Web Table * Create And Use Custom Firefox Profile In Selenium WebDriver Test * Downloading Files Using Selenium WebDriver * Handling Ajax Auto Suggest Drop List

13. Parameterization/Data Driven Testing 14. Selenium WebDriver Test Day 8 - TestNG Framework Tutorials 15. Introduction Of TestNG 16. TestNG Installation Steps 17. Similarities and Difference Between TestNG and JUnit 18. Create And Run First TestNG-WebDriver Test 19. TestNg annotations with examples 20. Creating And Running WebDriver Test Suit Using testng.xml File --20.1 Creating Single Or Multiple Tests For Multiple Classes --20.2 Creating Test Suite Using Class From Different Packages --20.3 Creating Test Suite Using Selected Or All Packages --20.4 Including Only Selected Test Methods In Selenium WebDriver-TestNg Test --20.5 testng.xml - Include/Exclude Selenium WebDriver Test Package --20.6 testng.xml - Using Regular Expression To Include/Exclude Test Method --20.7 testng.xml - Skip Test Intentionally Using SkipException() --20.8 Data driven Testing using @DataProvider Annotation Of TestNG --20.9 Parallel test execution In multiple browsers using @Parameters annotation Day 9 - WebDriver Assertions With TestNG Hard Assertions 20.1 assertEquals Assertion With Example 20.2 assertNotEquals Assertion With Example 20.3 assertTrue Assertion With Example 20.4 assertFalse Assertion With Example 20.4 assertNull Assertion With Example 20.4 assertNotNull Assertion With Example Soft Assertion 20.4 Applying TestNG Soft Assertion With Example Day 10 Common Functions To Use In WebDriver Test 20.1 Common Function To Compare Two Strings 20.2 Common Function To Compare Two Integers 20.3 Common Function To Compare Two Doubles

1. Datatypes In Java 1.Data types - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver I have received many requests from my blog readers for posting some basic java tutorials which are really required in selenium webdriver. So now I have planned to post some basic java tutorial posts which are really required in selenium webdriver learning and implementation in your project. These tutorials will help you for selenium webdriver interview preparation too. Let we start from different data types In java which we can use in our selenium webdriver test preparation. In java or any other programming languages, data types represents that which type of values can be stored and what will be the size of that value or how much memory will be allocated. There are nearest eight different data types in java like byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, Boolean. byte and short datatypes are not much more useful in selenium webdriver so I am skipping them here to decrease your confusions. int datatype

int data type is useful to store 32 bit integer (Example : 4523) values only. We can not store decimal (Example 452.23) values in int data type. Example : int i = 4523; long datatype long datatype is useful to store 64 bit integer(Example : 652345) values. You can use it when your value is more larger and can not hold it in int. Same as int datatype, we can not store decimal (Example 452.23) values in long datatype Example : long l = 652345; double datatype double datatype is useful to store 64 bit decimal(Example : 56.2354) values. We can store integer (Example 12456) values too in double datatype. Example : double d1 = 56.2354; double d2 = 12456; char datatype char datatype is useful to store single character(Example : 'd'). It can not store more than one (Example 'dd') character in it. Example : char c = 'd'; boolean datatype boolean datatype is useful to store only boolean(Example : true) values. Example : boolean b = true; String Class String is not a data type but it is a class which is useful to store string in variable. Example : String str = "Hello World"; VIEW DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF STRING CLASS Created bellow given example for all these datatypes. Run it in your

eclipse and verify results. public class datatypes { public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 4523; //Can store 32 bit integer values only. long l = 652345; //Can store 64 bit integer values only. double d1 = 56.2354; //Can store 64 bit decimal values. double d2 = 12456; //We can use it for integer values too. char c = 'd'; //Can store single character only. boolean t = true; //Can store only boolean values like true or false. String str = "Hello World"; //Can store any string values. System.out.println("Integer Var Is --> "+i); System.out.println("Long Var Is --> "+l); System.out.println("double Var d1 Is --> "+d1); System.out.println("double Var d2 Is --> "+d2); System.out.println("char Var c Is --> "+c); System.out.println("boolean Var b Is --> "+t); System.out.println("boolean Var str Is --> "+str); } } Bellow given result will display in your console at the end of execution. Integer Var Is --> 4523 Long Var Is --> 652345 double Var d1 Is --> 56.2354 double Var d2 Is --> 12456.0 char Var c Is --> d boolean Var b Is --> true String Var str Is --> Hello World 2. String Class In Java 2.String In Java - Tutorials For WebDriver We have learnt about DIFFERENT DATA TYPES IN JAVA In my past post. Now, Many peoples are understanding that String Is also a data type. Let me correct them -> String Is not data type. If string Is not data types then what Is String? This question can be asked by Interviewer too. String Is an Inbuilt class of java. String class has many Inbuilt functions which we can use to perform different actions on string. If you don't know, Let me tell you that we have to work with strings very frequently In selenium WebDriver tests. So you must have knowledge of useful functions of String class to use them In your selenium webdriver

test development. Let us take simple example of String to understand different methods of String class.

public class Strng_Example { public static void main(String[] args) { String st1 = "This World is Very Nice"; String st2 = " And Beautiful."; //Comparing two strings. Return true If both match else return false. System.out.println("st1 equals to st2? -> "+st1.equals(st2)); //Concatenates st2 with st1. System.out.println("Concatenation of st1 and st2 Is -> "+st1.concat(st2)); //Retrieve the 9th Indexed character from string. System.out.println("Character at Index 9 Is -> "+st1.charAt(9)); //Find the length of string. System.out.println("Length Of St1 -> "+st1.length()); //Converting whole string In lower case. System.out.println("String In Lowercase -> "+st1.toLowerCase()); //Converting whole string In upper case. System.out.println("String In uppercase -> "+st1.toUpperCase()); //Retrieve the Index of first 'i' character. System.out.println("Index of 1st charater i Is -> "+st1.indexOf('i')); //Retrieve the index of 2nd most 'i' character. System.out.println("Index of 2nd charater i Is -> "+st1.indexOf('i', 3)); //Retrieve the Index of word 'Very' from string. System.out.println("Index of word Very Is -> "+st1.indexOf("Very")); //Converting value From int to string. int j = 75; String val2 = String.valueOf(j); System.out.println("Value Of string val2 Is -> "+val2); //Converting string to integer. String val1="50"; int i = Integer.parseInt(val1); System.out.println("Value Of int i Is -> "+i);

//Print the String starting from 5th Index to 12th Index. System.out.println("Retrieving sub string from string -> "+st1.substring(5, 13)); //Split string. String splt[] = st1.split("Very"); System.out.println("String Part 1 Is -> "+splt[0]); System.out.println("String Part 2 Is -> "+splt[1]); //Trim String. System.out.println("Trimmed st2 -> "+st2.trim()); } } If you will look at above example, I have prepared different examples of string method to take some action or we can say operations on string. Sort explanation of all above string methods are as bellow. Two String Comparison To compare two strings, we can use syntax like st1.equals(st2). It will return True If both strings are same else It will return False. Two String Concatenation Syntax st1.concat(st2) will concatenate st1 with st2. Retrieving Character from Index Syntax st1.charAt(9)) will retrieve the character from string st1 located at 9th Index. Index Starts from 0. Length Of String st1.length() will return lenght of string st1. Convert String In Lower Case Letters st1.toLowerCase() will convert whole string letters In lower case. Convert String In UpperCase Letters st1.toUpperCase() will convert whole string letters In upper case. Retrieving Index Of 1st most character st1.indexOf('i') will retrieve Index of first most character 'i' from string. Retrieving Index Of 2nd most character st1.indexOf('i', 3)) will retrieve Index of second most character 'i' from string. 3 described the from Index means It will start finding character 'i' from Index 3. First 'i' has Index 2 so we need to use 3 to find 2nd most character. Retrieving Index Of specific word from string st1.indexOf("Very") will retrieve index of word 'Very' from string.

Convert from Integer To String String.valueOf(j) will convert value of 'j' from int to string. Convert from String To Integer Integer.parseInt(val1) will conver value of 'val1' from string to int. Retrieving sub string from string Syntax st1.substring(5, 13) will retrieve string from Index 5 To Index 13. Split String String splt[] = st1.split("Very") will split string st1 from word 'Very' and store both strings In array. Trim String If string has white space at beginning or end of the string then you can use trim function like st2.trim() to remove that white space. 3. if, if else and nested if else In Java

If Else Statement - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver In my PREVIOUS POST, we have seen different data types in java. It is very important to learn basic java tutorials If you wants to learn selenium webdriver with Java. Because If you do not have knowledge of basic java then you can not create single logical webdriver test case. And also you can not pass any company interview. So keep your eyes on these tutorials and I will take you from basic to advanced java tutorials step by step. In this post, Let me tell you the usage of If else conditional statements in java. if, if else and nested if else statements are useful to take the decision based on conditional match.When you wants to execute some part of code if condition returns true then you need to use this kind of conditional statements. Simple If Statement Part of code will be executed only if specified condition returns true. If condition will return false then that code will be not executed. Example : if (i
If else Statement If condition returns true then part of if block will be executed. If condition returns false then part of else block will be executed. Example : if (i>=j) { System.out.println("Value Of i("+i+") Is Greater Than Or Equals To Value Of j("+j+")." ); }else { System.out.println("Value Of i("+i+") Is Smaller Than Value Of j("+j+")." ); } In above given example, if block's message will be printed if value of variable i is greater than or equals to value of variable j. else block will be executed if value of variable i is less than value of variable j. Nested If Else Statements You can use nested if else statement when you wants to check multiple conditions and take decision based on it. Example : if (k=i && k<=j) { System.out.println("Value Of k("+k+") Is In Between Value Of i("+i+") And Value Of Value Of j("+j+")" ); }else { System.out.println("Value Of k("+k+") Is Greater Than Value Of j("+j+")" ); } In above given example, first (if) block will be executed if value of variable k is less than the value of variable i. Second (else if) block will be executed if value of variable k is greater than or equals to value of variable i and less than or equals to value of variable j. Third (else) block will be executed if value of variable k is greater than value of value of variable j. You can make a chain of if else statement if you wants to check more conditions. This way, You can use any of above conditional statement based on your requirement. Run bellow given example in your eclipse by changing the values of variables.

public class IfStatements { public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 25; int j = 50; int k = 24; //Simple If statement System.out.println("***Simple If Statement Example***"); if (i=j)//Bellow given message will be printed if value of variable i is greater than or equals to value of variable j. { System.out.println("Value Of i("+i+") Is Greater Than Or Equals To Value Of j("+j+")." ); }else//Bellow given message will be printed if value of variable i is less than value of variable j. { System.out.println("Value Of i("+i+") Is Smaller Than Value Of j("+j+")." ); } //Nested If Else Statement System.out.println(""); System.out.println("***Nested If Else Statement Part***"); if (k=i && k<=j)//Bellow given message will be printed if value of variable k is greater than or equals to value of variable i and less than or equals to value of variable j. { System.out.println("Value Of k("+k+") Is In Between Value Of i("+i+") And Value Of Value Of j("+j+")" ); }else //Bellow given message will be printed if value of variable k is greater than value of variable j. {

System.out.println("Value Of k("+k+") Is Greater Than Value Of j("+j+")" ); } } } Bellow given output will be printed in your eclipse console when you will run above example. ***Simple If Statement Example*** Value Of i(25) Is Smaller Than Value Of j(50). ***If Else Statement Example*** Value Of i(25) Is Smaller Than Value Of j(50). ***Nested If Else Statement Part*** Value Of k(24) Is Less Than Value Of i(25)

4. for loop In Java for Loop - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver We have learnt different if else condition statements in my PREVIOUS POST. Now let we move to loops in java. Loops(for loop, while loop, do while loop) have very important role in selenium webdriver test case development with java or any other languages. As you know, sometimes you need to perform same action multiple times(Example : 100 or more times) on your web page. Now if you will write multiple lines of code to perform same action multiple times then it will increase your code size. For the best practice, you need to use loops in this kind of situations. Let me describe you for loop in this post and you can view my NEXT POST for reading about while loop. for Loop There are three parts inside for loop. 1. Variable Initialization, 2. Condition To Terminate and 3. Increment/Decrements variable. for loop will be terminated when condition to terminate will becomes false. Example : for(int i=0; i<=3; i++){ System.out.println("Value Of Variable i is " +i); } Bellow given example is simple example of for loop. run it in your eclipse

and verify the result. public class forloop { public static void main(String[] args) { for(int i=0; i<=3; i++){ //This loop will be executed 4 times System.out.println("Value Of Variable i is " +i); } System.out.println(""); int i=0; int k = 200; for(int j=3; j>=i; j--){ //This loop will be executed 4 times System.out.println("Value Of Variable j is " +j); k = k-10; } System.out.println(""); System.out.println("Value Of Variable k is " +k); } } When you will run above given example, you will get bellow given output. Value Value Value Value

Of Of Of Of

Variable Variable Variable Variable

i i i i

is is is is

0 1 2 3

Value Value Value Value

Of Of Of Of

Variable Variable Variable Variable

j j j j

is is is is

3 2 1 0

Value Of Variable k is 160 5. while, do while loops In Java while, do while Loops - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver As we have learnt in my PREVIOUS POST, loops(for loop, while loop) in java or any other programming languages are useful to execute block of code multiple times. You will have to use loops in your selenium webdriver test very frequently. We have already learnt for loop with different examples in my previous post. Now let me describe you while loop and do while loop with practical examples. while Loop

Block of code which is written inside while loop will be executed till the condition of while loop remains true. Example : int i = 0; while(i<=3){ System.out.println("Value Of Variable i Is "+i); i++; } In above given example, while loop will be executed four times. do while Loop Same as while loop, do while loop will be executed till the condition returns true. Example : int j=0; do{ System.out.println("Value Of Variable j Is "+j); j=j-1; }while(j>0); In above given example, while loop will be executed only one time. Difference between while and do while loop There is one difference between while and do while loop. 

while loop will check condition at the beginning of code block so It will be executed only if condition (while(i<=3)) returns true.

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do while loop will check condition at the end of code block so It will be executed minimum one time. After 1st time execution, it will check the condition and if it returns true then code of block will be executed once more or multiple time.

Disadvantage of while or do while loop If you will forget to Increment or decrements variable value inside while loop block then block of code will be executed infinite time. Example : int i = 0; while(i<=3){ System.out.println("Value Of Variable i Is "+i); } Above given while loop will be executed infinite time because variable is not incremented inside while loop block. Bellow given full example of while and do while loops will clear out your all doubts. Simple run it in your eclipse and verify result. public class Whileloop {

public static void main(String[] args) { //while loop - will be executed till condition returns true. System.out.println("***while loop example***"); int i = 0; //Variable initialization while(i<=3){ System.out.println("Value Of Variable i Is "+i); i++;//Incrementing value of i by 1. } //do while loop - will be executed minimum one time without considering condition. System.out.println(""); System.out.println("***do while loop example***"); int j=3; //Variable initialization do{ System.out.println("Value Of Variable j Is "+j); j=j-1;//Decrementing value of j by 1; }while(j>=0); } } Output of above given example will be as bellow. ***while loop example*** Value Of Variable i Is 0 Value Of Variable i Is 1 Value Of Variable i Is 2 Value Of Variable i Is 3 ***do Value Value Value Value

while loop example*** Of Variable j Is 3 Of Variable j Is 2 Of Variable j Is 1 Of Variable j Is 0

6. One and two dimensional array In Java Arrays - Basic Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver What is Array? As we have learnt in my post about DIFFERENT DATA TYPES, We can store values in variables based on type of data like int i=5; double d = 12.254; etc. Now if you wants to store multiple values (10 or 15 or more different values) in different variables then it will be overhead for you to create and initialize different variables for each value. In this situation, you can use array to store multiple different values in array. An array can store multiple value of

same data type(int, char, String) at the same time and each stored data location has unique Index. There are two types of array as bellow. One Dimensional Array

Above given Image describes one dimensional array having one row of data. One dimensional array is just like spreadsheet with data in one row. As shown in above Image, Index of array Is starting from 0. Means value 10 has Index 0, 12 has Index 1 and so on and each value can be Identified by Its Index. We can create and Initialize values In array as shown In bellow given example. public class Array_Example { public static void main(String[] args) { int a[] = new int[6]; //Array declaration and Creation. 6 is length of array. a[0] = 10; //initialize 1st array element a[1] = 12; //initialize 2nd array element a[2] = 48; //initialize 3rd array element a[3] = 17; //initialize 4th array element a[4] = 5; //initialize 5th array element a[5] = 49; //initialize 6th array element for(int i=0; i
Two Dimensional Array

Tow dimensional array is just like spreadsheet with multiple rows and columns having different data in each cell. Each cell will be Identified by it's unique row and column Index combination(Example str[5][3]). We can use two dimensional array to store user id and password of different users as shown in above Image. For above given example Image, We can create and initialize values in two dimensional array as shown in bellow given example. public class Twodimarray { public static void main(String[] args) { String str[][] = new String[3][2]; //3 rows, 2 columns str[0][0]="User1"; str[1][0]="User2"; str[2][0]="User3"; str[0][1]="Password1"; str[1][1]="Password2"; str[2][1]="Password3"; for(int i=0; i
String str[][] = {{"User1","Password1"},{"User2","Password2"}, {"User3","Password3"}}; 7. Methods In Java Methods In Java - Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver What Is Method? In Selenium webdriver test suite, You need to perform some actions multiple time or in multiple test cases like Login in to Account, Place Order or any other action. If you will write this kind of (same repeated) actions In all the test cases then It will becomes overhead for you and will Increase size of your code. Instead of that, If you create methods for this kind of operations and then call that method whenever required then It will be very easy to maintain your test cases. Method Is group of statements which is created to perform some actions or operation when your java code call it from main method. Code written Inside methods can not be executed by It self. To execute that method code block, You need to call that method inside main method block. Let me give you simple example of how to create a method and how to call It from main method block. Simple Method Example : public class Methodexample { public static void main(String[] args) { Test1(); //Test1() method called inside main method. } public static void Test1(){ //Simple Method - Called from main method. System.out.println("Test1 Method Executed."); } public static void Test2(){ //Simple Method - Not called from main method. System.out.println("Test2 Method Executed."); } } If you will run above example then console output will looks like bellow. Test1 Method Executed. As per the console output, We can say that Test1() method is executed but Test2() method is not executed because It Is not called from main method.

Methods will have bellow given different components. 1. Visibility Of Method : You can set your method's visibility by providing access modifier keywords like public, private, protected at beginning of method. VIEW DETAILED EXAMPLE. Example : public static void Testing_Nomod(){ //public method //Block of code } 2. Return Type Of Method : Any method can have return types like int, String, double etc.. based on returning value's data type. void means method is not returning any value. VIEW EXAMPLE OF RETURN TYPE Example : public int Return_Type(){ //This method has int return type. int i=10; return i; } 3. Static or non static method : Method can be static or non static. If you wants to keep your method as static then you need to use static keyword with method. If you wants to create non static method then do not write static keyword with method. VIEW FULL DESCRIPTION ON STATIC AND NON STATIC. Example : public void My_Method1(){ //Non static Method //Block of code } public static void My_Method2(){ //Static Method //Block of code } 4. Method Name : You can give any name to your method. Always use method name relative to its functional work. Example : public static void Login(String user, String Pass){ //Login is the method name. //Block of code } 5. Input Parameters To Method : We can pass Input parameters to any

method. Need to write parameter with its data type. VIEW EXAMPLE OF INPUT PARAMETERS Example : public static void Student_Details(int Rollno, String Name){ //Rollno and Name are input parameters preceded by their data types //Block of code } 8. Access Modifiers In Java Access Modifiers In Java - Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver Access modifiers are the keywords in java by which we can set the level of access for class, methods, variables and constructors. There are 4 different access modifiers available in java. Now let me try to describe you how can we use them to set the access for the methods and variables. First of all let me tell you meaning of each access modifier keyword and then will give you examples for them. 

public : We can access public methods or variables from all class of same package or other package.



private : private methods and variables can be accessed only from same class. We can not access It from other classes or sub classes of even same package.

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protected : protected methods can be accessed from classes of same package or sub classes of that class.

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No Access Modifier : If method have not any access modifier then we can access It Inside all class of same package only.

Now let me show you practical difference between all these 4 access modifiers. I have created 3 classes as bellow. Two(Accessmodif, Access) of them are in same package Test_Package1 and one class (Accessing) is in other package named Test_Package2 of same project. Class Accessing is child class of Accessmodif class. package Test_Package1; public class Accessmodif { public static int i=10; private static String str="Hello"; protected static double d=30.235;

static char c='g'; public static void main(String[] args) { Testing_pub(); Testing_pri(); Testing_pro(); Testing_Nomod(); } //Method with public access modifier. Can be accessible by any class. public static void Testing_pub(){ System.out.println("Testing_pub() Executed"); System.out.println("Value Of i Is "+i); System.out.println("Value Of str Is "+str); System.out.println("Value Of d Is "+d); System.out.println("Value Of c Is "+c); } //Method with private access modifier. Can be accessible from same class only. private static void Testing_pri(){ System.out.println("Testing_pri() Executed"); } //Method with protected access modifier. Can be accessible from any class of same package or sub class of this class. protected static void Testing_pro(){ System.out.println("Testing_pro() Executed"); } //Method with no access modifier. Can be accessible by all classes of same package Only. static void Testing_Nomod(){ System.out.println("Testing_Nomod() Executed"); } } package Test_Package1; public class Access { public static void main(String[] args) { Accessmodif.Testing_pub(); //Can access public methods outside the class or package. //Accessmodif.Testing_pri(); - Can not access private methods outside the class Accessmodif.Testing_pro(); //Can access protected methods inside same package class.

Accessmodif.Testing_Nomod(); //Can access no modifier methods inside same package class. System.out.println(); System.out.println("Value Of i Is "+Accessmodif.i); //Can access public variables outside the class or package. //System.out.println("Value Of str Is "+Accessmodif.str); - Can not access private variables outside the class System.out.println("Value Of d Is "+Accessmodif.d); //Can access protected variables inside same package class. System.out.println("Value Of c Is "+Accessmodif.c); //Can access no modifier variables inside same package class. } } package Test_Package2; import Test_Package1.Accessmodif; public class Accessing extends Accessmodif{ public static void main(String[] args) { Testing_pub(); //Can access public methods outside the package. //Testing_pri(); - Can not access private methods outside the class. Testing_pro(); //Can access protected methods inside child class. //Testing_Nomod(); - Can not access no access modifier methods outside the package. System.out.println(); System.out.println("Value Of i Is "+i); //Can access public variables outside the package. //System.out.println("Value Of str Is "+str); - Can not access private variables outside the class. System.out.println("Value Of d Is "+d); //Can access protected variables inside child class. //System.out.println("Value Of c Is "+c); - Can not access no access modifier variables outside the package. } } As per above example, Now its clear that based on access modifiers, we can access variables, methods, etc.. in any other package or class. If you will un comment the commented methods or variables from above given classes, It will show you error related to access level. 9. Return Type Of Method In Java Return Type Of Method In Java - Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver

We have learnt METHOD IN JAVA and different METHOD ACCESS MODIFIERS in my previous posts. Now let me introduce you with different return types of methods in java. You can use two kind of return types with methods. 1. Void and 2. Any data types. Void means returning nothing and when your method is returning some values like Integer, String, double, etc.., You need to provide return type with method according to returning value's data types. 

int, String, double etc..Data types - If method is returning any value then you need to provide return type with method like int, String, Double etc..



void - If method is not returning any value then you can give void as return type. void means method returning nothing.

Let me give you simple example of int, double and void return type. package Test_Package1; public class Return_Types { static int c; static double d; public static void main(String[] args) { Mul(2,3); Div(7,3); System.out.println("Value of c Is "+c); System.out.println("Value of d Is "+d); Message(); } //This method is returning integer value. It's return type is int. public static int Mul(int a, int b){ c=a*b; return c; } //This method is returning double value. It's return type is double. public static double Div(double a, double b){ d=a/b; return d; } //This method is returning nothing so there is used void return type. public static void Message(){ System.out.println("Test Message"); } } If you see in above example, I have used three methods (Mul, Div and Message) and called all three methods in main method to execute them.

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Method Mul is returning multiplied integer value in variable c so I have used int data type as return type with Mul method.

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Method Div is returning division of two values in variable d so I have used double data type as return type with Div method.



Method Message is returning nothing so I need to use void return type with It.

10. Static, Non Static Methods, Variables In Java Java Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver - Static And Non Static Methods Right now we are learning different components of methods in java as described in THIS POST. You can read about use of different ACCESS MODIFIERS and RETURN TYPES of method If you are not aware about it. One another component of method Is It can be static or non static. Static keyword with method Is describes that this method Is static and If method do not have static keyword then that method Is non static. Same rule Is applied for variables too. Static means stable and non static means unstable in common words. There are several difference between static and not static methods In java as described bellow. Main Difference Between Static And Non Static Methods In Java 

We can call static methods directly while we can not call non static methods directly. You need to create and instantiate an object of class for calling non static methods. VIEW THIS POST to learn about object In Java.



Non static stuff (methods, variables) can not be accessible Inside static methods Means we can access only static stuff Inside static methods. Opposite to It, Non static method do not have any such restrictions. We can access static and non static both kind of stuffs Inside non static methods



Static method Is associated with the class while non static method Is associated with an object.

Now Let us look at one simple example of static and non static methods and variables. Bellow given example describes you how to access static and non static stuff Inside static and non static methods of same class or different class. Created Two different class as bellow. package Test_Package1;

public class static_nonstatic { static int wheel = 2; int price = 25000; public static void main(String[] args) { //static method. //Can access static methods directly Inside static method. byke1(); //Can access static variables directly Inside static method. System.out.println("Main static method : wheels = "+wheel); //Can not access non static variables directly inside static method. //System.out.println("Main static method : wheels = "+price); //Can not access non static methods directly inside static method. //byke2(); //Created object of class to access non static stuff Inside static method. static_nonstatic sn = new static_nonstatic(); //Now We can access non static methods of class Inside static methods using object reference. sn.byke2(); //Now We can access non static variables of class Inside static methods using object reference. System.out.println("Main static method : price = "+sn.price); } public static void byke1(){ //static method. //Can access static variables directly Inside static method. System.out.println("byke1 static method : wheels = "+wheel); //Can not access non static variables directly inside static method. //System.out.println(price); } public void byke2(){ //non static method. //Can access static variable directly inside non static method. System.out.println("byke2 Non static method : wheels = "+wheel); //Can access non static variable directly inside non static method. System.out.println("byke2 Non static method : price = "+price); //Can access static methods directly Inside non static method. byke1(); } }

package Test_Package1; public class static_ousideclass { public static void main(String[] args) { //static method. //Can call static function from other class directly using class name. static_nonstatic.byke1(); //Can call static variables from other class directly using class name. System.out.println("Using static variable of other class"+static_nonstatic.wheel); //Created object of class static_nonstatic to access non static stuff from that class. static_nonstatic oc = new static_nonstatic(); //Now We can access non static variables of other class Inside static methods using object reference. System.out.println("Accessing non static variable outside the class : "+oc.price); //Now We can access non static methods of other class Inside static methods using object reference. oc.byke2(); } } As you can see in above examples, we can access only static stuff Inside any static methods directly. If you wants to access static method or variable Inside different class then you can access It using simply class name as shown In above example. You must have to create object of class to access non static method or variable Inside static method (byke1) of same class or different class(main method of 2nd class). On other side, we can access static and non static methods and variables directly inside non static method (byke2). There is not any such access restrictions. 11. Object In Java Selenium WebDriver Java Tutorials - Object In Java What Is An Object In Java?

If Interviewer ask you this question then your answer should be like this : Object Is an Instance of class. In other words we can say object Is bundle of related methods and variables. Every object has Its own states and behavior. Objects are generally used with constructors In java. Understanding of object Is very Important for Selenium WebDriver learner because we have to create and use objects In our test case development. We can create multiple objects for the same class having Its own property. Let us take one real world scenario to understand object clearly. Simplest example Is bicycle Is an object of vehicle class having Its own states and behavior. Same way, motorcycle Is another object of vehicle class. Few properties for both the objects are same like wheels=2, handle=1. Few properties for both the objects are different like price, color, speed etc.. How to create object? You can create object of class vehicle using new keyword as bellow. public class vehicle { public static void main(String[] args) { //Created object for vehicle class using new keyword. //bicycle is the reference variable of this object. vehicle bicycle = new vehicle("Black"); } //Constructor with color parameter passed. It will retrieve value from object vehicle. public vehicle(String color){ //Retrieved value will be printed. System.out.println("Color Of vehicle Is "+color); } } Console Output will looks like bellow when you will run above example. Color Of vehicle Is Black In above example, Used one constructor to pass the value of object. We will look about constructor In my upcoming post. Please remember here one thing - bicycle Is not an object. It Is reference variable of object vehicle. Based on this example, Now we can say that object has three parts as bellow. 

Declaration : Variable declaration for object. In this example, bicycle is the reference variable for object.

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Instantiation : Object creation using new keyword Is called as Instantiation.



Initialization : Call to a constructor Is known as object initialization.

As described In PREVIOUS POST, You can use object of class to access non static variables or methods of class in different class too. This way you can use object of class and also you can create multiple objects of any class. Bellow given example will show you how to create multiple object of class to pass different kind of multiple values In constructor. public class vehicle { public static void main(String[] args) { //Create 2 objects of class. Both have different reference variables. vehicle bicycle = new vehicle("black", 2, 4500, 3.7); vehicle motorcycle = new vehicle("Blue", 2, 67000, 74.6); } public vehicle(String color, int wheels, int price, double speed){ System.out.println("Color = "+color+", Wheels = "+wheels+", Price = "+price+", Speed = "+speed); } } Output of above program will looks like bellow. Color = black, Wheels = 2, Price = 4500, Speed = 3.7 Color = Blue, Wheels = 2, Price = 67000, Speed = 74.6 12. Variable Types In Java Variable Types In Java - WebDriver Tutorials With Java Before learning about variable types In java, I recommend you to read my posts related to variable's DATA TYPES, ACCESS MODIFIERS and STATIC AND NON STATIC VARIABLES. As you know, Variable provide us a memory space (based on type and size of declared variable) to store a value. There are different three types of variables available In java as bellow. 1. Local Variables 

Variables which are declared Inside methods or constructor are called as local variables for that method or constructor.

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Variables declared Inside method or constructor are limited for that method or constructor only. You can not access to It outside that method or constructor.

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You can not use access modifiers with local variables because they are limited to that method or constructor block only.

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Need to initialize the value of local variables before using It because there Is not any default value assigned to local variables.

2. Instance Variables (Non Static) 

Instance variables are declared on class level which is parallel to methods or constructors (outside the method or constructor block).

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Instance variables are generally used with objects. So they are created and destroyed with object creation and destruction.

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Instance(non static) variables are accessible directly by all the non static methods and constructors of that class.

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If you wants to access Instance(non static) variables Inside static method, You needs to create object of that class.

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Instance variables are always Initialized with Its default values based on Its data types.

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You can access Instance variable directly (by Its name) Inside same class. If you wants to access It outside the class then you have to provide object reference with variable name.



Vast usage of Instance variables in java programs and selenium webdriver tests.

3. Class Variables (Static) 

Same as Instance variables, Class variables are declared on class level (outside the method or constructor block). Only difference Is class variables are declared using static keyword.

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Class variables are used In rare case like when It Is predefined that value of variable will never change. In that case we can use class variables.

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Class variables are created on program start and destroyed on program end.

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Class variables are visible to all methods and constructors of class. Class variables are visible to other class based on Its access modifiers. Generally they are public.

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We can access class variables directly using Its name Inside same class. If you wants to access It outside the class then you need to use class name with variable.

Bellow given example will give you some Idea about all three types of variables. Created two class to show you how to access class variable inside other class. Both these class will show you the access levels of all three types of variables. public class Collage1 { //Class Variables - Collage name will be same for both departments so declared as class(static) variable. public static String Collage_Name = "A1 Collage"; //Instance Variables private String Department = "Computer Engineering"; private String name; private double percentile; public static void main(String[] args) {//Static Method //Can access class variable directly If needed. i.e. Collage_Name Collage1 student1 = new Collage1("Robert"); student1.setPercentage(67.32); student1.print_details(); //Can access Instance variable using object reference If needed. //Example : student1.name = "Robert"; Collage1 student2 = new Collage1("Alex"); student2.setPercentage(72.95); student2.print_details(); } public Collage1(String student_name){//Constructor //Can access Instance variable directly Inside constructor. name = student_name; } public void setPercentage(double perc){ //Can access Instance variable directly Inside non static method. percentile = perc; } public void print_details(){ int Year = 2014; //Local Variable - Can not access It outside this method. System.out.println("Resultg Of Year = "+Year); System.out.println("Student's Collage Name = "+Collage_Name); System.out.println("Student's Department = "+Department); System.out.println("Student's Name = "+name); System.out.println("Student's percentile = "+percentile+"%"); System.out.println("**********************"); } }

Console output will looks like bellow. Resultg Of Year = 2014 Student's Collage Name = A1 Collage Student's Department = Computer Engineering Student's Name = Robert Student's percentile = 67.32% ********************** Resultg Of Year = 2014 Student's Collage Name = A1 Collage Student's Department = Computer Engineering Student's Name = Alex Student's percentile = 72.95% ********************** public class Collage2 { private String Department = "Mechanical Engineering"; private String name; private double percentile; public static void main(String[] args) { Collage2 student1 = new Collage2("Smith"); student1.setPercentage(57.35); student1.print_details(); } public Collage2(String student_name){ name = student_name; } public void setPercentage(double perc){ percentile = perc; } public void print_details(){ int Year = 2014; System.out.println("Resultg Of Year = "+Year); //Can access other class's class variable using that class name. System.out.println("Student's Collage Name = "+Collage1.Collage_Name); System.out.println("Student's Department = "+Department); System.out.println("Student's Name = "+name); System.out.println("Student's percentile = "+percentile+"%"); System.out.println("**********************"); } } Console output will looks like bellow.

Resultg Of Year = 2014 Student's Collage Name = A1 Collage Student's Department = Mechanical Engineering Student's Name = Smith Student's percentile = 57.35% **********************

13. Constructor In Java Selenium WebDriver Java Tutorials : Constructors What Is Constructor In Java? If interviewer asks you a definition of constructor then you can give him answer like : Constructor Is a code block which Is Called and executed at the time of object creation and constructs the values (i.e. data) for object and that's why It Is known as constructor. Each class have default no argument constructor In Java If you have not specified any explicit constructor for that class.In java, Constructor looks like methods but bellow given properties of constructor are differentiate them from the methods. You can VIEW TUTORIALS OF METHODS IN JAVA. Constructor Creation Rules 

Name of the constructor must be same as class name. Means If your class name Is Student then constructor name must be Student.

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Constructor must have not any return types.

Same as methods, We can pass parameters to constructors. Let me show you simple example of parameterized cunstructor In java. You can also view my PREVIOUS POST to see the example of constructor. public class Student { public static void main(String[] args) { //Two different objects created with value. Student stdn1 = new Student("Michael"); Student stdn2 = new Student("Robert"); } //Constructor with parameter to pass values of object //Name of constructor Is same as class name. public Student(String name){ String stdnname = name; System.out.println("Student's Name Is "+stdnname); }

} Console output will looks like bellow. Student's Name Is Michael Student's Name Is Robert In above example, Constructor will be called at the time of objects creation. Constructor will pass the values of objects one by to print them. Constructor Overloading As we know, Constructors name must be same as class name, When you create more than one constructors with same name but different parameters In same class Is called constructor overloading. So question Is why constructor overloading Is required? Constructor overloading Is useful when you wants to construct your object In different way or we can say using different number of parameters. You will understand It better when we will look at simple example but before that let me tell some basic rules of constructor overloading. 

Two constructors with same arguments are not allowed for constructor overloading.

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You need to use this() keyword to call overloaded constructor.

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If you are calling constructor from overloaded using this() keyword, It must be first statement.

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It is best practice to call constructor from overloaded constructor to make It easy to maintain.

constructor

Bellow given example shows best example of constructor overloading. public class Student { String finame;//Instance variable String miname;//Instance Variable public static void main(String[] args) { Student stdn1 = new Student("Jim"); Student stdn2 = new Student("Mary", "Elizabeth"); } //Constructor with one argument. public Student(String fname){ finame = fname;//Local Variable System.out.println("1. First Name Is "+finame); } //Overloaded Constructor with two arguments. public Student(String fname, String mname){ finame = fname;

miname = mname; System.out.println("2. First Name Is "+finame); System.out.println("2. Middle Name Is "+miname); } } Console output will looks like bellow. 1. First Name Is Jim 2. First Name Is Mary 2. Middle Name Is Elizabeth We can do same thing using single object creation too using this() keyword as bellow. public class Student { String finame; String miname; public static void main(String[] args) { Student stdn2 = new Student("Mary", "Elizabeth"); } //Constructor with one argument. public Student(String fname){ finame = fname; System.out.println("1. First Name Is "+finame); } //Overloaded Constructor with two arguments. public Student(String fname, String mname){ this("Jim"); //1st constructor Is called using this keyword. finame = fname; miname = mname; System.out.println("2. First Name Is "+finame); System.out.println("2. Middle Name Is "+miname); } } If you will run above example then console's output will be same but you can see we have created only one object Inside main method. Used this keyword In overloaded constructor to call another constructor. 14. Inheritance In Java Inheritance In Java : Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver Till now we have learnt many tutorials on java like Methods, Access Modifiers, Static and Non Static, Object, Constructor, and Many More Tutorials On Java... All these java object oriented concept tutorials are very

much useful in selenium webdriver test case development. That's why I recommend you all to learn them very carefully. All these tutorials will also helps you to pass selenium webdriver Interview. Now let me take you one step ahead to Inheritance In java. What Is Inheritance In Java? Inheritance(parent-child) Is very useful concept of java object oriented programming language by which we can reuse the code of parent class. Inheritance Is providing us a mechanism by which we can inherit the properties of parent class In to child class. Example : Audi class Is child class of Car class then Audi class can access/use all the non private properties (methods, variables..etc) of Car class. Using Inheritance, we can reuse the code of parent class In to child class so that size of code will decrease. Maintenance of code will be also very easy. VIEW EXAMPLE OF USING INHERITANCE IN SELENIUM WEBDRIVER extends keyword Is used to Inherit child class from parent class. Let me show you very simple example of Inheritance In java. In this example, Car class Is parent class of Audi class so all the non private properties of Car class are Inherited and able to use In Audi class. Parent Class public class Car {//Car Class Is Parent Class Of Audi Class private String type="Vehicle"; public static int wheels = 4; public String color = "blue"; String fuel = "Petrol"; public String getfuel(){ return fuel; } protected void Seats(){ int seat = 4; System.out.println("Car Seats = "+seat); } } Child Class or Sub Class public class Audi extends Car{//Audi Is child Class Of Car Class. public int speed=150; public static void main(String[] args) { Audi A = new Audi(); A.printdetails();

//Can access instance variable of parent class using object reference of child class Inside static methods. System.out.println("Color Of Audi = "+A.color); //Can access non static method of parent class using object reference of child class Inside static methods. System.out.println("Fuel Of Audi = "+A.getfuel()); } public void printdetails(){ //Can access class variables of parent class directly Inside child class non static methods. System.out.println("Wheels Of Audi = "+wheels); System.out.println("Speed Of Audi = "+speed); //Can access non static methods of parent class directly Inside child class non static methods. Seats(); //Can not access private variable of parent class In child class. //System.out.println("Wheels Of Audi = "+type); } } Output of above example will looks like bellow. Wheels Of Audi = 4 Speed Of Audi = 150 Car Seats = 4 Color Of Audi = blue Fuel Of Audi = Petrol If you will study above example carefully, You can understand It easily that In child class, we can access only non private members of parent class. This Is just basic example of Inheritance In Java. Overriding In sub class, When you create a method with same signature, return types and arguments of parent class's method then that sub class's method Is known as overridden method and It Is called as overriding In java. Overriding Is useful to change to the behavior of parent class methods. Let me show you simple example of method overriding In java. Consider same above given example. Generally all cars have 4 seats so we have created Seats() method with 4 seat variable. But supposing ford car has 6 seats and I wants to print 6 seats for Ford car. In this case we can use method overriding In Ford class as bellow. For this example, Consider Car class of above example as parent class of Ford class. Here method Seats() Is overridden In sub class. public class Ford extends Car{//Ford Is child Class Of Car Class. public static void main(String[] args) {

Car C = new Ford();//Created Ford Class object with Car Class reference. C.Seats(); } //Parent class method Seats Is overridden In child class. protected void Seats(){ int seat = 6; System.out.println("Audi Seats = "+seat); } } Output of above example will looks like bellow. Audi Seats = 6 Here, method of sub class Is called at place of parent class. Another main thing to notice here Is we have created object of child class but reference Is given of parent class. 15. Interface In Java Interface In Java : Tutorials For Selenium Webdriver I described about Inheritance and method overriding In my PREVIOUS POST so I am suggesting you to read that post, Specially method overriding concept before learning about Interface In Java. If you will go for selenium webdriver Interview then Interviewer will ask you first question : What Is WebDriver? Peoples will give different different answers but right answer Is WebDriver Is an Interface. So It Is most Important thing for all selenium webdriver learner to understand an Interface properly. What Is An Interface And Why To Use It? Using Interface, We can create a contract or we can say set of rules for behavior of application. Interface Is looks like class but It Is not class. When you implements that Interface In any class then all those Interface rules must be applied on that class. In sort, If you Implement an Interface on class then you must have to override all the methods of Interface In your class. Interface will create Rules To Follow structure for class where It Is Implemented. This way, If you look at the code of Interface, You can get Idea about your program business logic. When you are designing big architecture applications like selenium webdriver, You can use Interface to define business logic at Initial level. Interface can be Implemented with any class using implements keyword. There are set of rules to be followed for creating an Interface. Let me tell you all these rules first and then give you an example of an Interface.

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Interface can not hold constructor.

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Interface can not hold instance fields/variables.

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Interface can not hold static methods.

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You can not instantiate/create object of an Interface.

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Variables Inside Interface must be static and mandatory to initialize the variable.

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Any class can Implement Interface but can not extend Interface.

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Can write body less methods Inside Interface.

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By default all the methods and variables of Interface are public so no need to provide access modifiers.

How To Add Interface In Your Project To add Interface In your project, Right click on package and go to -> New -> Interface. It will open New java Interface popup. Give any name to Interface(Example : College) and click on save button. It will add College.java Interface file under your package.

Now let us look at simple example of Interface.



Create One Interface file with name = College.java as shown In bellow example.



Create 3 class file with name = Computer.java, Mechanical.java and TestCollege.java as shown In bellow example.

College.java public interface College {//Interface file //Initialized static variable. //No need to write static because It Is by default static. String Collegename = "XYZ"; //Created non static methods without body. void StudentDetails(); void StudentResult(); } Computer.java //Class file Implemented with Interface file using implements keyword. public class Computer implements College { //@Override annotation describes that methods are overridden on interface method. //Methods name, return type are same as methods of an Interface. @Override public void StudentDetails() { System.out.println("Computer Dept. Student Detail Part"); } @Override public void StudentResult() { System.out.println("Computer Dept. Student Result Part"); } } Mechanical.java //Class file Implemented with Interface file using implements keyword. public class Mechanical implements College{ @Override public void StudentDetails() { System.out.println("Mechanical Dept. Student Detail Part"); } @Override public void StudentResult() {

System.out.println("Mechanical Dept. Student Result Part"); } } TestCollege.java public class TestCollege {//Class file. No need to implement Interface. public static void main(String[] args) { //Can access Interface variable directly using Interface name. System.out.println(College.Collegename+" Collage student details."); //Created Computer class object with reference of interface College. College compdept = new Computer(); //Methods will be called from Computer class. compdept.StudentDetails(); compdept.StudentResult(); //Created Mechanical class object with reference of interface College. College mecdept = new Mechanical(); //Methods will be called from Mechanical class. mecdept.StudentDetails(); mecdept.StudentResult(); } } Now If you will run TestCollege.java file, Output will looks like bellow. XYZ Collage student details. Computer Dept. Student Detail Part Computer Dept. Student Result Part Mechanical Dept. Student Detail Part Mechanical Dept. Student Result Part Selenium WebDriver And Interface Simple example of Interface In selenium WebDriver Is WebDriver Interface. When you are Initializing any browser using selenium WebDriver, You are writing statements like bellow. WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); Or WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); You can view more examples of selenium WebDriver on THIS PAGE. Here, WebDriver Is Interface and FirefoxDriver and ChromeDriver are the class files where WebDriver Interface Is Implemented. 16. ArrayList In Java

WebDriver Tutorial : ArrayList Class In Java In THIS POST, I have described about one and two dimensional array In Java. Then question Is what Is arraylist In java and why we need It? Interviewer can ask you this question then you can give him answer like : arraylist Is a class that Implements list Interface In java which supports dynamic array means size of array can grow as needed. As you know, We can create only fixed size array to store values Inside It and that Is the limitation/drawback of array because when you don't know how many values you needs to store In array then how can you provide/define size of array? ArrayList helps us to overcome this limitation of array because It can re-size automatically by Itself. So finally we can say that when you don't know how many values you have to store In array, You can use ArrayList at place of simple array. We have to use arraylist many times In our selenium webdriver test case development. Example : Store all links from page, store all buttons Id from page etc.. In all such case, You will not aware about how many values you have to store. VIEW NEXT POST to learn about hashtable In Java for selenium webdriver Bellow given example will show you how to create and work with arraylist class In java. Same thing we will use In selenium WebDriver test case development to store values. //Import ArrayList class header file import java.util.ArrayList; public class ArrayList_Example { public static void main(String[] args) { //Create object of ArrayList class. It will store only string values. ArrayList Sample = new ArrayList(); //Now you can store any number of values In this arraylist as bellow. Size constrain will comes never. Sample.add("button1"); //Putting an Item In arraylist at Index = 0. Sample.add("button2"); //Putting an Item In arraylist at Index = 1. Sample.add("button3"); //Putting an Item In arraylist at Index = 2. Sample.add("button4"); //Putting an Item In arraylist at Index = 3. for(int i=0; i
System.out.println("Index Of button3 Item = "+ItemIndex); System.out.println("*************************"); Sample.remove(1);//To remove an Item from arraylist. for(int i=0; i t1 = new Hashtable();

t1.put("Legs", 4); //Store value 4 In key = Legs t1.put("Eyes",2); //Store value 2 In key = Eyes t1.put("Mouth",1); //Store value 1 In key = Mouth //Accessing hash table values using keys. System.out.println("Animal Legs = " +t1.get("Legs")); System.out.println("Animal Eyes = " +t1.get("Eyes")); System.out.println("Animal Mouth = " +t1.get("Mouth")); } } Need More Tutorials On Java And Selenium WebDriver? VISIT THIS PAGE As you see In above example, I have created object of Java Hashtable class and then store values with Its unique keys. Then I have used keys to access and print Its values. This way we can store and access values from hash table whenever required. 18. Read-Write Text File In Java Read-Write Text File In Java - Tutorials For WebDriver We have learnt about String class and Its different functions In my PREVIOUS POST. Now our next topic Is How to write In to text file or How to read text file In java. Many times you will need reading or writing text file In your selenium webdriver test case development. For Example, You are reading some large data from web page and wants to store It In text file to use It somewhere else In future. Same way, You have to read data from file for some purpose. It Is very easy to Create, Write and read text file In java. We can use java built in class File to create new file, FileWriter and BufferedWriter class to write In to file, FileReader and BufferedReader class to read text file. Bellow given example will first of all create temp.txt file In D: drive and then write two line In to It. Then It will read both lines one by one from text file using while loop and print In console. You can use bellow given example code for reading or writing text file In your selenium webdriver test case whenever needed. import import import import import import

java.io.BufferedReader; java.io.BufferedWriter; java.io.File; java.io.FileReader; java.io.FileWriter; java.io.IOException;

public class RW_File {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { //Create File In D: Driver. String TestFile = "D:\\temp.txt"; File FC = new File(TestFile);//Created object of java File class. FC.createNewFile();//Create file. //Writing In to file. //Create Object of java FileWriter and BufferedWriter class. FileWriter FW = new FileWriter(TestFile); BufferedWriter BW = new BufferedWriter(FW); BW.write("This Is First Line."); //Writing In To File. BW.newLine();//To write next string on new line. BW.write("This Is Second Line."); //Writing In To File. BW.close(); //Reading from file. //Create Object of java FileReader and BufferedReader class. FileReader FR = new FileReader(TestFile); BufferedReader BR = new BufferedReader(FR); String Content = ""; //Loop to read all lines one by one from file and print It. while((Content = BR.readLine())!= null){ System.out.println(Content); } } } This way we can read and write text file In java for your selenium webdriver test case development. 19. Exception handling, try-catch-finally, throw and throws In Java How To Handle Exception In Java : Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver Anyone don't like exceptions and at the same time, anyone can not hide himself from exceptions when running webdriver tests because (What Is An Exception? :->) exception Is an error event generated during the execution of webdriver test case or java program which disrupts test execution In between. Exception can arise due to the many reasons like, network connection or hardware failure, Invalid data entered by user, DB server down etc.. So all these things can happens any time when you run your selenium webdriver test case and we can not stop It. So Instead of thinking about stopping exception(Which Is not possible) during run time, Think about handling exceptions. Java provides very good exception handling mechanism to recover from this kind of errors. Let us learn different ways of handling exception In java. There are two types of exceptions In java as bellow.

1. Checked Exception : Checked exceptions are those exceptions which are checked during compile time and needs catch block to caught that exception during compilation. If compiler will not find catch block then It will throw compilation error. Very simple example of checked exception Is using Thread.sleep(5000); statement In your code. If you will not put this statement Inside try catch block then It will not allow you to compile your program. 2. Unchecked Exceptions : Unchecked exception are those exception which are not checked during compile time. Generally checked exceptions occurred due to the error In code during run time. Simplest example of unchecked exception Is int i = 4/0;. This statement will throws / by zero exception during run time. Handling exceptions using try-catch block We need to place try catch block around that code which might generate exception. In bellow given example, System.out.println(a[9]); Is written Intentionally to generate an exception. If you see, that statement Is written Inside try block so If that statement throw an exception - catch block can caught and handle It. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { int a[] = {3,1,6}; try { //If any exception arise Inside this try block, Control will goes to catch block. System.out.println("Before Exception"); //unchecked exception System.out.println(a[9]);//Exception will arise here because we have only 3 values In array. System.out.println("After Exception"); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Exception Is "+e); } System.out.println("Outside The try catch."); } } If you will run above example In your eclipse, try block will be executed. "Before Exception" statement will be printed In console and Next statement will generate an exception so "After Exception" statement will be not printed In console and control will goes to catch block to handle that exception. Always use try catch block to log your exception In selenium webdriver reports.

Handling exceptions using throws keyword Another way of handling exception Is using throws keyword with method as shown In bellow given example. Supposing you have a throwexc method which Is throwing some exception and this method Is called from some other method catchexc. Now you wants to handle exception of throwexc method In to catchexc method then you need to use throws keyword with throwexc method. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { catchexc(); } private static void catchexc() { try { //throwexc() Method called. throwexc(); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { //Exception of throwexc() will be caught here and take required action. System.out.println("Devide by 0 error."); } } //This method will throw ArithmeticException divide by 0. private static void throwexc() throws ArithmeticException { int i=15/0; } } In above given example, Exception of throwexc() Is handled Inside catchexc() method. Using throw Keyword To Throw An Exception Explicitly Difference between throw and throws In java : As we learnt, throws keyword Is useful to throw those exceptions to calling methods which are not handled Inside called methods. Throw keyword has a different work - throw keyword Is useful to throw an exception explicitly whenever required. This Is the difference between throw and throws In java. Interviewer can ask this question. Let us look at practical example. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { catchexc(); } private static void catchexc() { try { //throwexc() Method called.

throwexc(); } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println("Array Index out of bound exception."); } } private static void throwexc() { //This statement will throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException exception. throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } } In above example, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException exception will be thrown by throw keyword of throwexc method. finally keyword and Its use finally keyword Is used with try catch block at the end of try catch block. Code written Inside finally block will be executed always regardless of exception Is occurred or not. Main intention of using finally with try catch block Is : If you wants to perform some action without considering exception occurred or not. finally block will be executed In both the cases. Let us see simple example of finally. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { try{ int i=5/0; //Exception will be thrown. System.out.println("Value Of i Is "+i);//This statement will be not executed. }catch (Exception e)//Exception will be caught. { System.out.println("Inside catch."+e);//print the exception. }finally//finally block will be executed. { System.out.println("Inside finally. Please take appropriate action"); } try{ int j=5/2; //Exception will be not thrown. System.out.println("Value Of j Is "+j);//This statement will be executed. }catch (Exception e)//No exception so catch block code will not execute. { System.out.println("Inside catch."+e); }finally//finally block code will be executed. { System.out.println("Inside finally. Please take appropriate action"); } }

} In above example, 2 try-catch-finally blocks used. Run above example and observe result. 1st try block will throw an error and catch will handle and then finally block will be executed. 2nd try block will not throw any error so catch will be not executed but finally block will be executed. So In both the cases finally block will be executed. So all these things about exception and ways of handling them will helps you In your webdriver test exception handling. Posted by P Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest

1. Introduction of Selenium WebDriver What is selenium webdriver What is selenium webdriver and how it help us in software testing process? Webdriver in selenium (http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/) is an Interface and it is designed to overcome some limitations of selenium RC software testing tool. However selenium WebDriver's development is in process so still there are few limitations and known issues available in

selenium WebDriver. Selenium WebDriver is also known as Selenium 2 and used for web as well mobile applications testing. It is freeware software testing tool and mostly used as a regression testing tool for web and mobile applications. Selenium 2 supports most of all browsers to run your test cases and many programming languages like C#, Java, Python, Ruby, .Net, Perl, PHP, etc.. to create and modify your test scripts. Selenium 2(WebDriver) controls browser directly from operating system level so it is interacting very fast and with more realistic way with browsers. Major people in world using Selenium webdriver with java. Difference between WebDriver and selenium RC WebDriver 

Selenium WebDriver do not require selenium server for running test.



WebDriver is using native automation from each and every supported language for running automation scripts on browsers.



WebDriver supports web as well mobile application testing so you can test mobile applications (iPhone or Android).



Supporting latest versions of almost all browsers.



WebDriver controls the browser itself.

Selenium RC 

Required selenium server for running test.



Selenium RC is using JavaScripts to drive automation with browser.



Selenium RC supports only web application testing.



Supporting all browsers but not supporting latest versions.



Selenium RC is using javascript to interact and operate on web page

You can share if you know any limitations or advantages of Selenium WebDriver by posting comments bellow. Click here to read more about WebDriver. You can read my next post about selenium webdriver download install. selenium web driver, selenium webdriver documentation, selenium

testing, webdriver selenium, selenium testing tool, selenium driver, selenium tool, automated testing tools, software testing tools, selenium automation, selenium webdriver vs remote control, selenium online training, selenium training, selenium test, selenium test tool, webdriver, automated testing tools, web testing tools, test automation tools, selenium firefox webdriver 2. Downloading and installation Of Selenium Webdriver with Eclipse List of Selenium Commands With Examples Part - 1 Selenium IDE commands with examples There are many commands available in selenium IDE. I have prepared one selenium commands list and linked some selenium ide command with its examples. So you can click on command link(From bellow given selenium ide commands list table) to view how to and where to use that command with example. This full selenium command list will help you to learn selenium IDE on beginning level. (Do you wants to be master of selenium IDE in just 7 days? If yes then Read this Selenium IDE tutorials) Pending command's(Which are not linked) example creation is in process. you can subscribe via email for new post update or you can bookmark this page in your browser to visit it again. SUBSCRIBE VIA EMAIL TO GET ALL COMMAND EXAMPLES VIA EMAIL Complete List of Selenium IDE Commands (Click here to view part 2) addLocationStrategy addLocationStrategyAndWait addScript addScriptAndWait addSelection addSelectionAndWait allowNativeXpath allowNativeXpathAndWait altKeyDown altKeyDownAndWait altKeyUp altKeyUpAndWait answerOnNextPrompt assertAlert assertAlertNotPresent assertAlertPresent

assertAllButtons assertAllFields assertAllLinks assertAllWindowIds assertAllWindowNames assertAllWindowTitles assertAttribute assertAttributeFromAllWindows assertBodyText assertChecked assertConfirmation assertConfirmationNotPresent assertConfirmationPresent assertCookie assertCookieByName assertCookieNotPresent assertCookiePresent assertCursorPosition assertEditable assertElementHeight assertElementIndex assertElementNotPresent assertElementPositionLeft assertElementPositionTop assertElementPresent assertElementWidth assertEval assertExpression assertHtmlSource assertLocation assertMouseSpeed assertNotAlert assertNotAllButtons assertNotAllFields assertNotAllLinks assertNotAllWindowIds assertNotAllWindowNames assertNotAllWindowTitles assertNotAttribute assertNotAttributeFromAllWindows assertNotBodyText assertNotChecked assertNotConfirmation assertNotCookie assertNotCookieByName assertNotCursorPosition assertNotEditable assertNotElementHeight

assertNotElementIndex assertNotElementPositionLeft assertNotElementPositionTop assertNotElementWidth assertNotEval assertNotExpression assertNotHtmlSource assertNotLocation assertNotMouseSpeed assertNotOrdered assertNotPrompt assertNotSelectOptions assertNotSelectedId assertNotSelectedIds assertNotSelectedIndex assertNotSelectedIndexes assertNotSelectedLabel assertNotSelectedLabels assertNotSelectedValue assertNotSelectedValues assertNotSomethingSelected assertNotSpeed assertNotTable assertNotText assertNotTitle assertNotValue assertNotVisible assertNotWhetherThisFrameMatchFrameExpression assertNotWhetherThisWindowMatchWindowExpression assertNotXpathCount assertOrdered assertPrompt assertPromptNotPresent assertPromptPresent assertSelectOptions assertSelectedId assertSelectedIds assertSelectedIndex assertSelectedIndexes assertSelectedLabel assertSelectedLabels assertSelectedValue assertSelectedValues assertSomethingSelected assertSpeed assertTable assertText

assertTextNotPresent assertTextPresent assertTitle assertValue assertVisible assertWhetherThisFrameMatchFrameExpression assertWhetherThisWindowMatchWindowExpression assertXpathCount assignId assignIdAndWait break captureEntirePageScreenshot captureEntirePageScreenshotAndWait check checkAndWait chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation chooseOkOnNextConfirmation chooseOkOnNextConfirmationAndWait click clickAndWait clickAt clickAtAndWait close contextMenu contextMenuAndWait contextMenuAt contextMenuAtAndWait controlKeyDown controlKeyDownAndWait controlKeyUp controlKeyUpAndWait createCookie createCookieAndWait deleteAllVisibleCookies deleteAllVisibleCookiesAndWait deleteCookie deleteCookieAndWait deselectPopUp deselectPopUpAndWait doubleClick doubleClickAndWait doubleClickAt doubleClickAtAndWait dragAndDrop dragAndDropAndWait dragAndDropToObject dragAndDropToObjectAndWait dragdrop

dragdropAndWait echo fireEvent fireEventAndWait focus focusAndWait goBack goBackAndWait highlight highlightAndWait ignoreAttributesWithoutValue ignoreAttributesWithoutValueAndWait keyDown keyDownAndWait keyPress keyPressAndWait keyUp keyUpAndWait metaKeyDown metaKeyDownAndWait metaKeyUp metaKeyUpAndWait mouseDown mouseDownAndWait mouseDownAt mouseDownAtAndWait mouseDownRight mouseDownRightAndWait mouseDownRightAt mouseDownRightAtAndWait mouseMove mouseMoveAndWait mouseMoveAt mouseMoveAtAndWait mouseOut mouseOutAndWait mouseOver mouseOverAndWait mouseUp mouseUpAndWait mouseUpAt mouseUpAtAndWait mouseUpRight mouseUpRightAndWait mouseUpRightAt mouseUpRightAtAndWait open

openWindow openWindowAndWait pause refresh refreshAndWait removeAllSelections removeAllSelectionsAndWait removeScript removeScriptAndWait removeSelection removeSelectionAndWait rollup rollupAndWait runScript runScriptAndWait select selectAndWait selectFrame selectPopUp selectPopUpAndWait selectWindow sendKeys setBrowserLogLevel setBrowserLogLevelAndWait setCursorPosition setCursorPositionAndWait setMouseSpeed setMouseSpeedAndWait setSpeed setSpeedAndWait setTimeout shiftKeyDown shiftKeyDownAndWait shiftKeyUp shiftKeyUpAndWait store storeAlert storeAlertPresent storeAllButtons storeAllFields storeAllLinks storeAllWindowIds storeAllWindowNames storeAllWindowTitles storeAttribute storeAttributeFromAllWindows storeBodyText storeChecked

storeConfirmation storeConfirmationPresent storeCookie storeCookieByName storeCookiePresent storeCursorPosition storeEditable storeElementHeight storeElementIndex storeElementPositionLeft storeElementPositionTop storeElementPresent storeElementWidth storeEval storeExpression storeHtmlSource storeLocation storeMouseSpeed storeOrdered storePrompt storePromptPresent storeSelectOptions storeSelectedId storeSelectedIds storeSelectedIndex storeSelectedIndexes storeSelectedLabel storeSelectedLabels storeSelectedValue storeSelectedValues storeSomethingSelected storeSpeed storeTable storeText storeTextPresent storeTitle storeValue storeVisible storeWhetherThisFrameMatchFrameExpression storeWhetherThisWindowMatchWindowExpression storeXpathCount submit submitAndWait type typeAndWait typeKeys typeKeysAndWait uncheck

How to download and install Selenium Webdriver with Eclipse and Java Step By Step Download selenium webdriver and install selenium webdriver is not much more hard. Actually there is nothing to install except JDK. Let me describe you step by step process of download, installation and configuration of web driver and other required components. You can view my post about "What is selenium webdriver" if you wants to know difference between WebDriver and selenium RC software tool. (Note : I am suggesting you to take a tour of Basic selenium commands tutorials with examples before going ahead for webdriver. It will improve your basic knowledge and helps you to create webdriver scripts very easily. ) Steps To Setup and configure Selenium Webdriver With Eclipse and Java (Note : You can View More Articles On WebDriver to learn it step by step) Step 1 : Download and install Java in your system First of all you need to install JDK (Java development kit) in your system. So your next question will be "how can i download java" Click here to download Java and install it in your system as per given installation guide over there. Step 2 : Download and install Eclipse Download Eclipse for Java Developers and extract save it in any drive. It is totally free. You can run 'eclipse.exe' directly so you do not need to install Eclipse in your system. Step 3 : Download WebDriver Java client driver. Selenium webdriver supports many languages and each language has its own client driver. Here we are configuring selenium 2 with java so we need 'webdriver Java client driver'. Click here to go on WebDriver Java client driver download page for webdriver download file. On that page click on 'Download' link of java client driver as shown in bellow image.

(language-specific client driver's version is changing time to time so it

may be different version when you will visit download page. ) Downloaded 'webDriver Java client driver' will be in zip format. Extract and save it in your system at path D:\selenium-2.33.0. There will be 'libs' folder, 2 jar files and change log in unzipped folder as shown in bellow figure. We will use all these files for configuring webdriver in eclipse.

Step 4 : Start Eclipse and configure it with selenium 2 (webdriver) 

Select WorkSpace on eclipse start up

Double click on 'eclipse.exe' to start eclipse. First time when you start eclipse, it will ask you to select your workspace where your work will be stored as shown in bellow image. Create new folder in D: drive with name 'Webdriverwork' and select it as your workspace. You can change it later on from 'Switch Workspace' under 'file' menu of eclipse.

After selecting workspace folder, Eclipse will be open. 

Create new project

Create new java project from File > New > Project > Java Project and give your project name 'testproject' as shown in bellow given figures. Click on finish button.

Now your new created project 'testproject' will display in eclipse project explorer as bellow.



Create new package

Right click on project name 'testproject' and select New > Package. Give your package name = 'mytestpack' and click on finish button. It will add new package with name 'mytestpack' under project name 'testproject'.



Create New Class

Right click on package 'mytestpack' and select New > Class and set class name = 'mytestclass' and click on Finish button. It will add new class 'mytestclass' under package 'mytestpack'.

Now your Eclipse window will looks like bellow.



Add external jar file to java build path

Now you need to add selenium webdriver's jar files in to java build path. 

Right click on project 'testproject' > Select Properties > Select Java build path > Navigate to Libraries tab



Click on add external JARs button > select both .jar files from D:\selenium-2.33.0.



Click on add external JARs button > select all .jar files from D:\selenium-2.33.0\libs

Now your testproject's properties dialogue will looks like bellow.

That's all about configuration of WebDriver with eclipse. Now you are ready to write your test in eclipse and run it in WebDriver. You can Read My Post about how to write and run your first test in WebDriver. download selenium webdriver, install webdriver, download webdriver selenium, selenium testing, selenium testing tool, how to download selenium webdriver, what is selenium webdriver, webdriver download, selenium webdriver download, selenium automation, selenium download, selenium install, install selenium webdriver, install selenium webdriver in eclipse, eclipse and selenium, java and selenium, how to install a server, selenium driver, how to setup selenium webdriver, download webdriver selenium, selenium webdriver tutorial java

3. Creating And Running First Webdriver Script

Create And Run First Webdriver Script With Eclipse

Run First Webdriver Script You need to install webdriver with eclipse to run your script in webdriver. After installation of webdriver, You need to write a java code in eclipse for your test case of software web application. Let me give you one simple example of creating simple webdriver script. First of all you need to write code as bellow in your 'mytestclass.java' file. You can request(if you wish) this sample code file by submitting comment bellow with your email id.

Now you are ready to run your script from Run menu as shown bellow.

Script Explanation Above script will 

open Firefox browser.



Then driver.get syntax will blog.blogspot.in/' in firefox browser.



Then driver.getCurrentUrl() will get the current page URL and it will be stored in variable 'i'. You can do same thing using "storeLocation" command in selenium IDE



And at last, it will print value of variable in console as shown bellow.

open

'http://only-testing-

So this is the simple webdriver script example. You can create it for your own software web application too by replacing URL in above script. We will learn more scripts in detail in my upcoming posts. --3.1 Running WebDriver In Google Chrome Running Selenium Webdriver Test In Google Chrome You can read my THIS POST to know how to run selenium webdriver test of software application in Mozilla Firefox browser. As you know, webdriver support Google Chrome browser too. You need to do something extra for launching webdriver test in in Google chrome browser. Let me describe you steps to launch webdriver test in Google Chrome. Download ChromeDriver server First of all, download latest version of ChromeDriver server for webdriver. You can download it directly from http://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/downloads/list. Current latest version for win32 is chromedriver_win32_2.3 as shown bellow.

Click on that link. It will take you to download page.

Click on link shown above to download chrome driver zip file. On completion of download, extract zip file to D:/ drive. Now in eclipse, create new project with name = 'chromeproject' and create new class with name = 'chromebrowser'. Don't forget to select 'public static void main(String[] args)' method during new java class creation. Write code as shown bellow in class file. You can request this copy of this code by submitting comment bellow this post.

Look in to above image. I set path for Google chrome driver as System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\chromedriver_win32_ 2.3\\chromedriver.exe"); So now, your test will run in Google chrome browser.

Day 3 - Configure JUnit With WebDriver 4. Downloading and installation Of JUnit with Eclipse How to download and install junit with eclipse step by step

We have already learn how to configure eclipse for webdriver, Creating new project, new package and then adding new class in my one of the previous post. In that post you can see how to add external jars of webdriver in eclipse. Also you can view how to run your first webdriver test in eclipse for better understanding. Generally you do not need to install junit with eclipse if you have already added external jar files of webdriver with eclipse. Because required jar file for junit will be already there with webdriver jar files. How to verify that required jar file for junit is in my build path or not For junit jar file verification, Right click on your project -> Build Path -> Configure build path It will open java build path window as shown in bellow image. In that window, go to Libraries tab. Here you will see all your jar files. In jar file tree view, look for the jar file name which is starting with junit. Java build path window

If this kind of junit jar file is already there then you do not need to install junit jar with eclipse and you are ready to use junit with eclipse. But if junit jar file is not there then you need to add it. Downloading junit jar file Go to http://junit.org/ website -> Click on download and install guide link will redirect the page at junit jar file download and install page. Here you will find the link like "junit.jar". Click on it will redirect to junit jar file downloading page. From this page download the latest version of junit jar file. Installing junit jar file with eclipse Go to java build path window as shown in above figure. Now click on Add External JARs button to add your downloaded junit jar file with eclipse.

After adding junit jar file, click on OK button to close java build path window. Now you are ready to use junit with eclipse for your webdriver test of software application. Click here to view all articles on webdriver. --5.1 Creating and running webdriver test with junit Creating and running webdriver test with junit and eclipse step by step We have already discussed about how to download and install junit in eclipse to run webdriver test in my previous post. Please note that you need to add junit jar file only if it is not available in webdriver jar file folder. If it is already there with webdriver jar file folder then you not need to do anything to create and run junit test. Now let me describe you how to create webdriver test case using junit. Webdriver test case creation using junit and eclipse You are already aware about how to create new project and package in eclipse and if you are not aware then please visit this post page. To create JUnit Test Case, you need to add JUnit Test Case at place of Class inside your package. Look at bellow given image to know how to add JUnit Test Case.

As shown in above image, Select JUnit Test Case from Select a wizard dialog anf then click on Next button. On Next page, Enter your test case name and click on Finish button.

When you add JUnit Test Case, your eclipse project explorer window will looks like bellow given image.

Now replace bellow given code with your original code. package Testjunit; import org.junit.Test; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; public class Mytest { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Test public void test() {

driver.manage().window().maximize(); System.out.print("Window maximise"); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/"); System.out.print("Site Open"); driver.quit(); System.out.print("End of Test"); } } Running webdriver test case using junit in eclipse After replacing above code with your original code, click on Run button in eclipse. It will show you Run As dialog as shown bellow.

Select JUnit Test from Run As dialog and click on Ok button. Eclipse will run your test case using JUnit and on completion of execution, you can see your result in JUnit pane as bellow.

VIEW THIS POST to know how to create and run junit test suite in eclipse. --5.2 Creating and running junit test suite with webdriver

How To Create And Run JUnit Test Suit For WebDriver Test - Step By Step If you are planning to perform regression testing of any application using webdriver then obviously there will be multiple test cases or test classes under your webdriver project. Example - There are 2 junit test cases under your project's package. Now if you wants to run both of them then how will you do it? Simple and easy solution is creating JUnit test suite. If your project has more than 2 test cases then you can create test suite for all those test cases to run all test cases from one place. Before creating junit test suite, you must have to read my post about "How to download and install junit in eclipse" and "How to create and run junit test in eclipse". Now let me describe you how to create junit test suite in eclipse for your junit test case. Step 1 - Create new project and package Create new project in eclipse with name = junitproject and then add new package = junitpack under your project. VIEW THIS POST to know how to create new project and add package in eclipse. Add required external jar files for selenium webdriver. Step 2 - Create 1st Test Case Now create JUnit test case under junitpack package with class name = junittest1 as bellow. VIEW THIS post to know how to create junit test case in eclipse. package junitpack; import import import import

org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class junittest1 { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Test public void test() throws InterruptedException { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st1 executed"); Thread.sleep(2000); System.out.print("junittest1 class is executed"); driver.quit(); } }

Step 3 - Create 2nd test case Same way, Create 2nd test class with name = junittest2 under package = junitpack as bellow. package junitpack; import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.junit.Ignore; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class junittest2 { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void setup () { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test1() throws InterruptedException{ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test1"); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test1 method is executed"); Thread.sleep(2000); } @Test public void test2() throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test2"); Thread.sleep(2000); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test2 method is executed"); } } Step 4 - Create test suite for both test cases

Now we have 2 test cases(junittest1.java and junittest2.java) under package = junitpack. To create test suite, Right click on junitpack package folder and Go to -> New -> Other -> Java -> Junit -> Select 'JUnit Test Suite' as shown in bellow image.

Now click on Next button.On next screen, add junit test suite name = junittestsuite and select both test cases as shown bellow image and then click on Finish button.

It will add new test suite class = junittestsuite.java under your package as bellow. package junitpack; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.junit.runners.Suite;

import org.junit.runners.Suite.SuiteClasses; @RunWith(Suite.class) @SuiteClasses({ junittest1.class, junittest2.class }) public class junittestsuite { } If you see in above suite class, there are 2 junit annotations added with name = @RunWith and @SuiteClasses. @RunWith annotation will references junit to run test in class and @SuiteClasses describes classes included in that test suite. Now your junit test suite is created and project structure will looks like bellow.

Step 4 - Running test suite Select junit test suite class = junittestsuite and run it in eclipse. When you run junit test suite, eclipse will run both test cases (junittest1 and junittest2) one by one. When execution completed, you will see bellow given output lines in console. junittest1 class is junittest2 class-test1 method junittest2 class-test2 method is executed junit test execution report will looks like bellow.

is

executed executed

This way we can create junit test suite to run multiple test cases from one place. You can view all Junit tutorial posts for webdriver on THIS LINK. VIEW MY NEXT POST to know how to ignore test from execution. --6.1 Using JUnit Annotations in webdriver How to Use JUnit Annotations in webdriver test case with example Unit testing framework JUnit has many annotations to control the flow and activity of code execution. You must need to insert JUnit annotation inside the java code to execute your test case as junit test case. You can look in my previous post where i have used JUnit @Test annotation before test method. Let me describe you mostly used 3 JUnit Annotations with example. You can view more details on JUnit at http://junit.org/. 1. @Before 2. @Test 3. @After 2 other frequently used annotations are @BeforeClass and @AfterClass. Depending on annotation names, JUnit framework will decide the code execution flow. i.e. First JUnit framework will execute @Before method, Second it will execute @Test method and at last it will execute @After method. 1. @Before Annotation As name suggest. method written under @Before annotation will be executed before the method written under @Test annotation. Based on @Before annotation, JUnit framework will execute that before method first. Generally method under @Before annotation is used to initializing website and other environment related setup. @Before annotation method will be executed before each @Test annotation method means if there are two @Test methods in your class then @Before method will be executed two times. 2. @After

Method under @After annotation is known as after method and execution of @After method will start as soon as completion of @Test method execution completion. Same as @Before , @After annotation method will be executed two times if there are two @Test methods in your class. 3. @Test Method under @Test annotation is known as test method. Execution of @Test method will start as soon as @Before method execution completed. Generally we are writing all testing related activity under @Test. We can use multiple @Test methods in single class too. 4. @BeforeClass Methods under @BeforeClass annotation will be executed before the any test method starts execution. It will be executed only once even if there are multiple @Test methods in your class. 5. @AfterClass @AfterClass method will be run on completion of all the test method's execution from that class. Same as @BeforeClass, @AfterClass method will be executed once only. VIEW EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN @Before vs @BeforeClass AND @After VS @AfterClass ANNOTATIONS Execute bellow given example in your eclipse as a debugging mode to verify its execution. package Testjunit; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.*; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class Mytest { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit();

} @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Bike']")).click(); boolean str1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Bike']")).isSelected(); if(str1 = true) { System.out.print("Checkbox is checked"); } else { System.out.print("Checkbox is not checked"); } } } Here @After method is written before @Test method but JUnit Framework will tells eclipse to execute @Test method first and then @After method --6.2 @Before/@After VS @BeforeClass/@AfterClass Difference Example Of Difference Between @Before/@After VS @BeforeClass/@AfterClass In JUnit With WebDriver Many readers are asking me the difference between JUnit annotations @Before VS @BeforeClass and @After VS @AfterClass in webdriver test. If you have read my JUNIT ANNOTATIONS POST, I have clearly described difference between @Before and @BeforeClass annotations and @After and @AfterClass annotations in bold text. Now let me describe once more and then we will look at practical example for both of them. Difference between @Before and @BeforeClass annotations 

Test method marked with @Before annotation will be executed before the each @Test method. Means if there are 5 @Test methods in your class then @Before test method will be executed 5 times.

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Test method marked with @BeforeClass annotation will be executed just before the class. Means @BeforeClass method will be executed only once before the class even if there are 5 @Test methods in your class.

Difference between @After and @AfterClass annotations 

Same as @Before annotation, Test method marked with @After annotation will be executed after the each @Test method.

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@AfterClass annotation will be executed only once after last @Test method executed.

Execute bellow given @Before and @After annotations example in your eclipse and observe result in console. package junitpack; import import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.AfterClass; org.junit.Before; org.junit.BeforeClass; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class junittest2 { private static WebDriver driver; @Before public void openbrowser() { System.out.print("\nBrowser open"); driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @After public void closebrowser() { System.out.print("\nBrowser close"); driver.quit(); } @Test public void test1() throws InterruptedException{ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test1"); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test1 method is executed"); Thread.sleep(2000); }

@Test public void test2() throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test2"); Thread.sleep(2000); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test2 method is executed"); } } When you execute above example in eclipse, Bellow given result will be displayed in console. Console Output : Browser open junittest2 class-test1 method is executed Browser close Browser open junittest2 class-test2 method is executed Browser close Based on above given console output, we can say each @Before method is executed before each @Test method and each @After method is executed after each @Test method. Now let we replace @Before annotation with @BeforeClass and @After annotation with @AfterClass in same example and then observe result. Replace bellow given @BeforeClass and @AfterClass part with @Before and @After part in above example as bellow. @BeforeClass public static void openbrowser() { System.out.print("\nBrowser open"); driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @AfterClass public static void closebrowser() { System.out.print("\nBrowser close"); driver.quit(); } Now run above example and look at console result. Console result will be as bellow. Console Output : Browser open junittest2 class-test1 method is executed

junittest2 class-test2 method is executed Browser close As per console result, we can say @BeforeClass method is executed once only. Same way @AfterClass annotation marked method is also executed once only. --6.3 Ignoring JUnit Test from execution How To Ignore Test In WebDriver With JUnit As described in my PREVIOUS POST, We can create junit test suite to execute multiple test cases from one place. See example of my previous post. junittest2 class have two @Test methods. Now If I wants to exclude/Ignore 1st @Test method from execution and wants to execute only 2nd @Test method then how can I do It? Ignoring specific test in junit test is very easy. @Ignore annotation We can use JUnit's has inbuilt @Ignore annotation before @Test method to Ignore that specific webdriver test from execution. Let we apply @Ignore annotation practically in our test and then observe its execution result. VIEW JUNIT EXAMPLE OF TIMEOUT AND EXPECTED EXCEPTION TEST My scenario is to ignore 1st @Test method from execution so i need to put @Ignore annotation in my test before 1st @Test method as bellow. @Ignore @Test public void test1() throws InterruptedException{ } Here, @Ignore annotation will exclude test1() method from execution. Copy bellow given Ignoring @Test method(test1()) part with @Ignore annotation and replace it will @Test method part given on Step 3 (Create 2nd test case) of THIS EXAMPLE (Note : @Test method part which needs to replace is marked with pink color in that example post). //To ignore this @Test method from execution @Ignore @Test public void test1() throws InterruptedException{ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test1"); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test1 method is executed");

Thread.sleep(2000); } Now when you run full test suite(junittestsuite.java) then on completion of junit test suite execution, you will get bellow given result in console. junittest1 class is executed junittest2 class-test2 method is executed As per console result, ignored test(test1()) is not executed. JUnit test execution report will looks like bellow.

This way, Junit's @Ignore annotation will help us to ignore specific test from execution. --6.4 Junit Timeout And Expected Exception Test Example Of Junit Timeout And Expected Exception Test For WebDriver Sometimes you need to set time out for your webdriver test or you need to set expected exception condition for your test. Supposing you have written test for one module and you wants to set timeout for your test. Here timeout means allowed maximum time to complete full test. Same way, You are expecting some exception during your webdriver test execution and that exception is acceptable.If you are using junit framework for your webdriver test then you can do it very easily. We have seen example of - how to Ignore specific webdriver test using junit's @Ignore annotation in THIS POST. Now let me describe how to write timeout test and exception test in junit with examples. Timeout Test In JUnit For WebDriver We can specify timeout time with junit's @Test annotation as shown bellow. It will allow maximum 2000 milliseconds to complete the execution of test1() method. After 2000 miliseconds, it will skip remaining execution and test1() will be marked with error. @Test(timeout=2000) public void test1(){

} Expected Exception Test In JUnit For WebDriver We can specify expected exception condition with @Test annotation as bellow. Here my expected exception is null pointer exception so my expected condition is NullPointerException.class. You can write your expected exception like IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, ArithmeticException.class, ect. @Test(expected = NullPointerException.class) public void exceptiontest2() { } Junit Example Of Timeout And Expected Exception Test -Go to THIS PAGE -Copy example given on Step 3 - Create 2nd test case and paste it in your eclipse. -Remove all @Test methods from that example and paste bellow given @Test methods and then run your test class (junittest2.java). @Test(timeout=2000) public void test1() throws InterruptedException{ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("junitte st2 class-test1"); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test1 executed before sleep"); Thread.sleep(5000); System.out.print("\njunittest2 class-test1 executed after sleep"); } @Test public void exceptiontest1() { throw new NullPointerException(); } @Test(expected = NullPointerException.class) public void exceptiontest2() { throw new NullPointerException(); } On completion of execution, console will show bellow given out put. Console Output : Browser open junittest2 class-test1 executed before sleep Browser close JUnit test result looks like bellow.

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test1() method is display with error because test was time out after 2000 milisecond as per our condition.

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exceptiontest2() pass successfully expected exception condition with it.

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exceptiontest1() display with error any expected exception condition.

because because

we

have

there

placed

was

not

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Day 4 - Generate Test Report Using JUnit 7. Selenium WebDriver Test report Generation using JUnit - 3 Steps Generate webdriver test report in HTML by running build xml file : Part - 3 We have seen how to configure system and eclipse in configuration part 1 and configuration part 2 posts to generate webdriver test report. Now we have a test case and build.xml file in our project tree. Let me describe you few steps of configuring and running build.xml file in eclipse. Now follow the bellow given build.xml file configuration steps to generate HTML report.

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Step 1 : Verify build.xml file work space Open External Tools Configuration dialog as bellow Right click on Build.xml - > Run As -> External Tools Configuration. It will open External Tools Configuration dialog as shown bellow.

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In Main tab, you need to verify that your current project's build.xml is selected or not.My current project name is "JUnitReport" so it is correct for me. If it is of any other project then you need to change it by clicking on Browse Workspace button.

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Step 2 : Set target execution order Go to the target tab and then set target execution order = build, ForReport (My Project name), junitreport. If it is not in this order then you can change it by unchecking and checking and the check box or by clicking on order button. So now my target execution order will looks like bellow.

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Step 3 : Set Runtime JRE Go to JRE tab. Here you need to set Runtime JRE = JDK at place of JRE as shown in bellow image.

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If JDK is not display in Separate JRE list then you can add it by - Click on Installed JREs button. It will open Preferences dialog. - Click on Add button from Preferences dialog. It will open Add JRE dialog. - Select Standard VM from Add JRE dialog and click on next button as shown in bellow image.

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On Next window, Select JDK folder path(Which is located at C:\Program Files\Java\ in my system) In JRE home field and click on Finish button. It will add JDK option in Separate JRE drop down.

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 Now build file configuration is finished and finally you are ready to run your build.xml file and generate your test report.

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Step 4 : Run build.xml Now you can run build.xml file in 3 ways. 1st way : Run from External Tools Configuration dialog as shown.

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2nd way : Run directly from build.xml file

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3rd way : Run from Menu icons

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Step 5 : View Report When you run build.xml file, eclipse will run your junit test case and on completion of execution report file will be generated in your junit folder which is located in your project folder as bellow.

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Open index.html file. It will looks like bellow.

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 Eclipse And Ant Configuration Steps To Generate webdriver test execution report using JUnit : Part - 2 Webdriver test result generation is very important and essential part of automation testing and for that you need to configure your eclipse accordingly. Before eclipse and ant configuration, you need to configure your system as described in Part - 1. Now let me describe you the steps of eclipse configuration to generate web driver test execution report using JUnit. Perform bellow given steps.

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Step 1 : Create new JUnit Test Case First of all, you need to create JUnit test case in eclipse as described in JUnit Test Creation Post 1 and Post 2.

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Step 2 : Set Ant Home Entries To set ant home entries,

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- Go to eclipse Menu -> Window -> Preferences. It will open eclipse preference dialog. - Select Ant -> Runtime from left side preference tree. Now select Classpath at right side. - Select 1st class path Ant Home Entries and click on Ant Home button and select 'apache-ant-1.9.2' folder path and then click on OK as shown in bellow image.

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Step 3 : Set junit.jar path in Blobal Entries of Ant Runtime Preference if it is not there As described above, Go to Ant -> Runtime preference settings and select Global Entries. Now click on Add External Jars button and select 'junit.jar' located at eclipse -> plugins -> org.junit_4.11.0.v201303080030 (This folder name may be different if you have different version of junit) -> junit.jar. and then click on OK as shown in bellow image.

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Step 4 : Generate build.xml for your project

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Now you need to generate build.xml for your project. To generate it, Right click on your project folder and select Export. It will open Export dialog as shown in bellow image.

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 Select Ant Buildfiles from export dialog and clicking on Next button will show you all your projects list. On Next dialog, select your current project and click on Finish button as shown bellow.

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Look in above image. When you will run build.xml file, your test reports will be saved in JUnit output directory = 'junit' folder. It will be created automatically in your project folder when you run build.xml file. We will learn how to run build.xml file in my next post.

When you click on Finish button, build.xml file will be generated inside your project folder as shown bellow. 

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View my Next Post to see how to configure and run build.xml file to generate your test case report in HTML view.

System Configuration Steps To Generate webdriver test execution report using JUnit : Part -1 Many people facing issues in JUnit report generation configuration using ant and eclipse. If every thing is not setup properly then it will give you one or another error and you will be not able to generate JUnit test case execution report for your web driver test case. Let me describe you few system configuration steps in this post and eclipse configuration steps in my next post to generate JUnit test case execution report very easily and without any error. Step 1 : Download and install latest Java SE Download and install latest Java SE Development Kit (Java development Kit(JDK) and Java Runtime Environment(JRL)) as per your system configuration. You can download it from Java SE Development Kit download page. Step 2 : Download Latest Version of apache-ant zip Download latest version of apache-ant from http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi. Current latest version is apache-ant-1.9.2 as shown in bellow image and it may be different in future.

Extract zip file and save it in your local drive. Step 3 : Steps to Set Environment variables in system property for java - Set JAVA_HOME Environment variable You need to set JAVA_HOME Environment variable in your system property. To set Environment variable, Right click on My Computer -> Properties and go to -> Advanced tab. Clicking on Environment variables button will open Environment variable dialog. Click on New button from System Variables box and add Variable Name = JAVA_HOME and Variable Value = Path of your jdk folder. Here my JDK folder path is 'C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_40' as shown in bellow image.

- Set ANT_HOME Environment variable Same as JAVA_HOME Environment variable, Add new system variable name = ANT_HOME and Variable Value = Path of your apache-ant-1.9.2 folder as described in bellow image.

- Edit Path Variable After setting JAVA_HOME and ANT_HOME system variable, Edit existing Path variable by selecting Path variable from System variables list and click Edit button and insert %JAVA_HOME%\bin;%ANT_HOME%\bin at the end of Path variable value string. Do not forget to put semicolon (;) before %JAVA_HOME%\bin as shown in bellow image.

- Copy tools.jar from jdk/lib and paste It In jre/lib 

There will be 2 folders In your C:Program Files\Java folder.

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In my system It Is jdk1.7.0_40 and jre7.

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Open C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_40\lib folder and copy tools.jar file.

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Open C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\lib and paste tools.jar In to It.

Now restart your system to getting system variables changes effect. Now system configuration is completed for generating webdriver test execution report using JUnit. Now you need to configure eclipse as described in my Day 5 - Element Locators In WebDriver

8. Different Ways Of Locating Elements In WebDriver We have learnt most of all the way of locating element in webdriver like Locating Element By ID, Locating Element By Name, Locating Element By Class Name, Locating Element By Tag Name, Locating Element By Link Text Or Partial Link and Locating Element By CSS Selector How To Locate Elements By ID In Selenium WebDriver With Example Before using WebDriver, You must be aware about different ways of locating an elements in WebDriver. Locating an element is essential part in selenium WebDriver because when you wants to take some action on element (typing text or clicking on button), first you need to locate that specific element to perform action. First of all I recommend you to read all these selenium IDE element locating methods and then read this article about Selenium WebDriver element locators to get all locating methods in better way. WebDriver which is also known as a Selenium 2 has many different ways of locating element. Let me explain each of them with examples. Here I am explaining how to locate element By id and will describe Locating Web Element By ClassName in my Next Post and others in latter posts. Locating UI Element By ID If your webpage element has unique and static ID then you can locate your page element by ID. Look in to bellow given image. You can verify that your webelement has any id or not using the firebug.

In above image, Submit Query button has unique id = 'submitButton'. I can use that id to locate button as bellow. driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton"));

Bellow given example will show you how to locate element by id and then how to click on it. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); for (int i = 0; i<=20; i++) { WebElement btn = driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton"));//Locating element by id if (btn.isEnabled()) { //if webelement's attribute found enabled then this code will be executed. System.out.print("\nCongr8s... Button is enabled and webdriver is clicking on it now"); //Locating button by id and then clicking on it. driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click(); i=20; } else { //if webelement's attribute found disabled then this code will be executed. System.out.print("\nSorry but Button is disabled right now.."); } try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Selenium Webdriver Element Locator - Locating Element By Name With Example Selenium WebDriver/Selenium 2 is web and mobile application regression testing tool and it is using element locators to find out and perform actions on web elements. We have learn Element Locating by ID, Element Locating By Tag Name and Locating element by Class Name with examples in my previous posts. Locating Element By Name is very useful method and many peoples are using this method in their webdriver automation test case preparation. Locating Element By Name and Locating Element by ID are

nearly same. In Locating Element by ID method, webdriver will look for the specified ID attribute and in Locating Element By Name method, webdriver will look for the specified Name attribute. Let me show you one example of how to locate element by name and then we will use it in our webdriver test case.

Look in to above image, web element 'First Name' input box do not have any ID so webdriver can not locate it By ID but that element contains name attribute. So webdriver can locate it By Name attribute. Syntax of locating element in webdriver is as bellow. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")); Now let we use it in one practical example as bellow.Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //Locating element by Name and type given texts in to input box. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name"); } Above example will type the text in text box using By Name element locating method. Locating Web Element By ClassName In Selenium WebDriver with example There are many different ways of locating elements in webdriver for your software web application page and I have described one of them in my PREVIOUS POST with example. In webdriver, we can't do any thing on web page if you don't know how to locate an element. As you know, we can use element's ID to locate that specific element but suppose if your element do not have any ID then how

will you locate that element ? Locating web element by className is good alternative if your element contains class name. We can locate element By Tag Name, By Name, By Link Text, By Partial Link Text, By CSS and By XPATH too but will look about them in my next posts. How to get the class name of element You can get the class name of element using firebug as shown in bellow given image.

Look in to above image. Post date content has a class and we can use that class name to store that blog post date string. Notice one more thing in above image, blog post date string has not any ID so we can not locate it by ID. (Note : You can view more webdriver tutorials on THIS LINK.) Example Of Locating Web Element By ClassName We can use bellow given syntax to locate that element. driver.findElement(By.className("date-header")); Practical example of locating web element by className is as bellow. package junitreportpackage; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class Mytest1 { //To open Firefox browser

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { //To Maximize Browser Window driver.manage().window().maximize(); //To Open URL In browser driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); String datentime = driver.findElement(By.className("dateheader")).getText();//Locating element by className and store its text to variable datentime. System.out.print(datentime); } } In above example, WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver() will open webdriver's Firefox browser instance. VIEW THIS POST TO KNOW HOW TO RUN WEBDRIVER TEST IN GOOGLE CHROME. driver.get(); will open targeted URL in browser. Element Locators In Selenium 2 or WebDriver - Locating Element By Tag Name We have learn about Locating element by ID and Locating element by Class Name with examples in my previous posts. Let me repeat once more that if element contains ID then we can locate element by its ID and if element do not have ID and contains Class Name then we can locate an element by Class Name. Now supposing, web element do not have any ID or Class Name then how to locate that element in selenium WebDriver ? Answer is there are many alternatives of selenium WebDriver element locators and one of them is Locating Element By Tag Name.

Locating Element By Tag Name is not too much popular because in most of cases, we will have other alternatives of element locators. But yes if there is not any alternative then you can use element's DOM Tag Name to locate that element in webdriver.

(Note : You can view all tutorials of webdriver element locators) Look in to above image. That select box drop down do not have any ID or Class Name. Now if we wants to locate that element then we can use it's DOM tag name 'select' to locate that element. Element locator sysntex will be as bellow. driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")); Bellow given example will locate dropdown element by it's tagName to store its values in variable. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //Locating element by tagName and store its text in to variable dropdown. String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText(); System.out.print("Drop down list values are as bellow :\n"+dropdown); } How To Locate Element By Link Text Or Partial Link Text In Selenium WebDriver In my previous posts what we have learn is we can Locate Element By Name, Locate Element By ID, Locate Element By Class Name And Locate Element By Tag Name to take any action on that element. We will look

about different web driver actions and operations in my upcoming posts. Now let we learn two more element locators as bellow. Locate Element By Link Text If your targeted element is link text then you can use by link text element locator to locate that element. Look in to bellow given image.

My Targeted element Is Link text 'Click Here' and I wants to click on It then I can use It as bellow. driver.findElement(By.linkText("Click Here")).click(); Locate Element By Partial Link Text Same as Link text, We can locate element by partial link text too. In that case we need to use By.partialLinkText at place of By.linkText as bellow. driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Click ")).click(); For locating element by link text, we need to use full word 'Click Here' but in case of locating element by partial link text, we can locate element by partial work 'Click' too. Look in to bellow given example. I have used both the element locators to locate links. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() {

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.linkText("Click Here")).click();//Locate element by linkText and then click on it. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.partialLinkText("18 :"))); //Locate element by partial linkText. } Selenium WebDriver By.cssSelector Element Locators With Example WebDriver support many different element locating methods and locating element by it's CSS Path is one of the most popular way in webdriver. If you not want to use by id, name, tag name, class name or link text as your locator then you can locate that element by it's CSS path. Read this tutorial to learn different ways of writing CSS path of any element. You can get CSS path of any element using selenium IDE too by setting CSS as your Locator Builders Preference and then performing some action on that element in Selenium IDE recording mode. You can get CSS path of any element by Firebug too. Now let we learn how we can use By.cssSelector in webdriver. Look in to bellow given image.

Here we can locate input box First name using bellow given webdriver syntax. driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("input[name='fname']"));

Bellow given example will locate input box by CSS Selector to type text in it. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("input[name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name");;//Locate element by cssSelector and then type the text in it. } How To Locate Element By XPATH In Selenium 2/WebDriver With Example We have learnt most of all the way of locating element in webdriver like Locating Element By ID, Locating Element By Name, Locating Element By Class Name, Locating Element By Tag Name, Locating Element By Link Text Or Partial Link and Locating Element By CSS Selector. One another method of locating element in selenium webdriver is By XPATH of element. It is most popular and best way to locate element in WebDriver. However you can use other ways too to locate element. You can write Xpath of any element by many different ways as described in This Post.

Above given image shows the firebug view of First name text box. Now let me give you few examples of how to write syntax to locate it in webdriver using xPath in 2 different ways. 1. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")); 2. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[contains(@name,'fname')]")); I have used xPath to locate element in above both the syntax. We can use anyone from above to locate that specific element. Let we use it in practical example as bellow. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name");//Locate element by cssSelector and then type the text in it. }

Selenium css locators tutorial with example As you know, Locators in selenium are main elements and CSS Locator is another alternative of Xpath element locator, ID or Name locator or any other element locators in selenium. Full form of CSS is "Cascading Style Sheets" and it define that how to display HTML elements on webpage. Click here to read more about CSS. There are few advantages and also few disadvantages of using CSS element locators at place of Xpath element locators in selenium. CSS Locators Main Advantage Main advantage of using CSS locator is - It is much more faster and simpler than the Xpath Locators in IE and also they are more readable compared to Xpath locators. Also CSS locators are little faster compared to Xpath locators in other browsers. Note : Need good working examples on selenium IDE? Visit this link for great tutorials on selenium IDE. Now let me come to our main point - How to write CSS locator syntax manually for selenium. I have derived couple of CSS locator syntax with example as bellow. I written CSS locator syntax for three elements(Search text box, Select language drop down and "Go" button) of wikipedia website home page as shown in bellow image.

CSS locator Examples 1. Selenium CSS locator using Tag and any Attribute css=input[type=search] \\\\ This syntax will find "input" tag node which contains "type=search" attribute. css=input[id=searchInput] \\\\ This syntax will find "input" tag node which contains "id=searchInput" attribute. css=form input[id=searchInput] \\\\ This syntax will find form containing "input" tag node which contains "id=searchInput" attribute. (All three CSS path examples given above will locate Search text box.) 2. Selenium CSS locator using Tag and ID attribute css=input#searchInput \\\\ Here, '#' sign is specially used for "id" attribute only. It will find "input" tag node which contains "id=searchInput" attribute. This syntax will locate Search text box. 3. Selenium CSS locator using Tag and class attribute css=input.formBtn \\\\ Here, '.' is specially used for "class" attribute only. It will find "input" tag node which contains "class=formBtn" attribute. This syntax will locate Search button (go). 4. Selenium CSS locator using tag, class, and any attribute css=input.formBtn[name=go] \\\\ It will find "input" tag node which contains "class=formBtn" class and "name=go" attribute. This syntax will locate Search button (go). 5. Tag and multiple Attribute CSS locator css=input[type=search][name=search] \\\\ It will find "input" tag node which contains "type=search" attribute and "name=search" attribute. This syntax will locate Search text box.

6. CSS Locator using Sub-string matches(Start, end and containing text) in selenium css=input[id^='search'] \\\\ It will find input node which contains 'id' attribute starting with 'search' text.(Here, ^ describes the starting text). css=input[id$='chInput'] \\\\ It will find input node which contains 'id' attribute starting with 'chInput' text. (Here, $ describes the ending text). css=input[id*='archIn'] \\\\ It will find input node which contains 'id' attribute containing 'archIn' text. (Here, * describes the containing text). (All three CSS path examples given above will locate Search text box.) 7. CSS Element locator syntax using child Selectors css=div.search-container>form>fieldset>input[id=searchInput] \\\\ First it will find div tag with "class = search-container" and then it will follow remaining path to locate child node. This syntax will locate Search text box. 8. CSS Element locator syntax using adjacent selectors css=input + input \\\\ It will locate "input" node where another "input" node is present before it on page.(for search tect box). css=input + select or css=input + input + select \\\\ It will locate "select" node, where "input" node is present before it on page(for language drop down). 9. CSS Element locator using contains keyword css=strong:contains("English") \\\\ It will looks for the element containing text "English" as a value on the page.

Day 5 - WebDriver Basic Action Commands With Example Selenium WebDriver Tutorials - Basic Action Commands And Operations With Examples I have already posted Selenium WebDrier Tutorials posts how to setup web driver with eclipse and Run first test with webdriver, how to configure junit with eclipse to generate webdriver test report. We have also learn different methods of locating elements in webdriver. All these things are very basic things and you need to learn all of them before starting your test case creation in selenium 2. Now we are ready to learn next step of performing basic actions in web driver with java for your software web application.

VIEW STEP BY STEP TUTORIALS ON SELENIUM WEBDRIVER Today I wants to describe you few basic webdriver commands to perform actions on web element of your web page. We can perform too many command operations in webdriver and will look about them one by one in near future. Right now I am describing you few of them for your kind information. 1. Creating New Instance Of Firefox Driver WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); Above given syntax will create new instance of Firefox driver. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE 2. Command To Open URL In Browser driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); This syntax will open specified URL in web browser. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF OPEN URL 3. Clicking on any element or button of webpage

driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click(); Above given syntax will click on targeted element in webdriver. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF CLICK ON ELEMENT 4. Store text of targeted element in variable String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText(); This syntax will retrieve text from targeted element and will store it in variable = dropdown. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF Get Text 5. Typing text in text box or text area. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name"); Above syntax will type specified text in targeted element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF SendKeys 6. Applying Implicit wait in webdriver driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); This syntax will force webdriver to wait for 15 second if element not found on page. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF IMPLICIT WAIT 7. Applying Explicit wait in webdriver with WebDriver canned conditions. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath( "//div[@id='timeLeft']"), "Time left: 7 seconds")); Above 2 syntax will wait for till 15 seconds for expected text "Time left: 7 seconds" to be appear on targeted element. VIWE DIFFERENT PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF EXPLICIT WAIT 8. Get page title in selenium webdriver driver.getTitle(); It will retrieve page title and you can store it in variable to use in next steps. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GET TITLE 9. Get Current Page URL In Selenium WebDriver driver.getCurrentUrl(); It will retrieve current page URL and you can use it to compare with your expected URL. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GET CURRENT URL 10. Get domain name using java script executor JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String CurrentURLUsingJS=(String)javascript.executeScript("return document.domain"); Above syntax will retrieve your software application's domain name using webdriver's java script executor interface and store it in to variable.

VIEW GET DOMAIN NAME PRACTICAL EXAMPLE. 11. Generate alert using webdriver's java script executor interface JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; javascript.executeScript("alert('Test Case Execution Is started Now..');"); It will generate alert during your selenium webdriver test case execution. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GENERATE ALERT USING SELENIUM WEBDRIVER. 12. Selecting or Deselecting value from drop down in selenium webdriver. 

Select By Visible Text

Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist"))); mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi"); It will select value from drop down list using visible text value = "Audi". 

Select By Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); It will select value by value = "Italy". 

Select By Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByIndex(0); It will select value by index= 0(First option). VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF SELECTING VALUE FROM DROP DOWN LIST. 

Deselect by Visible Text

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); It will deselect option by visible text = Russia from list box. 

Deselect by Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); It will deselect option by value = Mexico from list box.



Deselect by Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByIndex(5); It will deselect option by Index = 5 from list box. 

Deselect All

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectAll(); It will remove all selections from list box. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF DESELECT SPECIFIC OPTION FROM LIST BOX 

isMultiple()

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); boolean value = listbox.isMultiple(); It will return true if select box is multiselect else it will return false.VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF isMultiple() 13. Navigate to URL or Back or Forward in Selenium Webdriver driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); driver.navigate().back(); driver.navigate().forward(); 1st command will navigate to specific URL, 2nd will navigate one step back and 3rd command will navigate one step forward. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF NAVIGATION COMMANDS. 14. Verify Element Present in Selenium WebDriver Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0; It will return true if element is present on page, else it will return false in variable iselementpresent. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF VERIFY ELEMENT PRESENT. 15. Capturing entire page screenshot in Selenium WebDriver File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg"));

It will capture page screenshot and store it in your D: drive. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE ON THIS PAGE. 16. Generating Mouse Hover Event In WebDriver Actions actions = new Actions(driver); WebElement moveonmenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1']/div")); actions.moveToElement(moveonmenu); actions.perform(); Above example will move mouse on targeted element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF MOUSE HOVER. 17. Handling Multiple Windows In Selenium WebDriver. 1. Get All Window Handles. Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); 2. Extract parent and child window handle from all window handles. String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]; String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; 3. Use window handle to switch from one window to other window. driver.switchTo().window(window2); Above given steps with helps you to get window handle and then how to switch from one window to another window. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF HANDLING MULTIPLE WINDOWS IN WEBDRIVER 18. Check Whether Element is Enabled Or Disabled In Selenium Web driver. boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); Above syntax will verify that element (text box) fname is enabled or not. You can use it for any input element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF VERIFY ELEMENT IS ENABLED OR NOT. 19. Enable/Disable Textbox During Selenium Webdriver Test Case Execution. JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname') [0].setAttribute('disabled', '');"; javascript.executeScript(todisable); String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname') [0].removeAttribute('disabled');";

javascript.executeScript(toenable); It will disable fname element using setAttribute() method and enable lname element using removeAttribute() method. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF ENABLE/DISABLE TEXTBOX. 20. Selenium WebDriver Assertions With TestNG Framework 

assertEquals

Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected); assertEquals assertion helps you to assert actual and expected equal values. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertEquals ASSERTION 

assertNotEquals

Assert.assertNotEquals(actual, expected); assertNotEquals assertion is useful to assert not equal values. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertNotEquals ASSERTION. 

assertTrue

Assert.assertTrue(condition); assertTrue assertion works for boolean value true assertion. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertTrue ASSERTION. 

assertFalse

Assert.assertFalse(condition); assertFalse assertion works for boolean value false assertion. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertFalse ASSERTION. 21. Submit() method to submit form driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit(); It will submit the form. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF SUBMIT FORM. 22. Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompts Popups String myalert = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); To store alert text. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF STORE ALERT TEXT driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); To accept alert. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF ALERT ACCEPT driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();

To dismiss confirmation. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF CANCEL CONFIRMATION driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("This Is John"); To type text In text box of prompt popup. elenium WebDriver : Handling Javascript Alerts, Confirmations And Prompts Alerts, Confirmation and Prompts are very commonly used elements of any webpage and you must know how to handle all these popups In selenium webdriver. If you know, Selenium IDE has many commands to handle alerts, confirmations and prompt popups like assertAlert, assertConfirmation, storeAlert, verifyAlertPresent, etc.. First of all, Let me show you all three different popup types to remove confusion from your mind and then we will see how to handle them In selenium webdriver. Alert Popup Generally alert message popup display with alert text and Ok button as shown In bellow given Image.

Confirmation Popup Confirmation popup displays with confirmation text, Ok and Cancel button as shown In bellow given Image.

Prompt Popup Prompts will have prompt text, Input text box, Ok and Cancel buttons.

Selenium webdriver has Its own Alert Interface to handle all above different popups. Alert Interface has different methods like accept(), dismiss(), getText(), sendKeys(java.lang.String keysToSend) and we can use all these methods to perform different actions on popups. VIEW WEBDRIVER EXAMPLES STEP BY STEP Look at the bellow given simple example of handling alerts, confirmations and prompts In selenium webdriver. Bellow given example will perform different actions (Like click on Ok button, Click on cancel button, retrieve alert text, type text In prompt text box etc..)on all three kind of popups using different methods od Alert Interface. Run bellow given example In eclipse with testng and observe the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.Alert; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class unexpected_alert { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver =new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } @AfterTest

public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Text() throws InterruptedException { //Alert Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); //To locate alert. Alert A1 = driver.switchTo().alert(); //To read the text from alert popup. String Alert1 = A1.getText(); System.out.println(Alert1); Thread.sleep(2000); //To accept/Click Ok on alert popup. A1.accept(); //Confirmation Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[@onclick='myFunction()']")).click(); Alert A2 = driver.switchTo().alert(); String Alert2 = A2.getText(); System.out.println(Alert2); Thread.sleep(2000); //To click On cancel button of confirmation box. A2.dismiss(); //Prompt Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(.,'Show Me Prompt')]")).click(); Alert A3 = driver.switchTo().alert(); String Alert3 = A3.getText(); System.out.println(Alert3); //To type text In text box of prompt pop up. A3.sendKeys("This Is John"); Thread.sleep(2000); A3.accept(); } } This way you can handle different kind of alerts very easily using Alert Interface of selenium webdriver. NEXT POST will show you how to handle unexpected alerts In selenium webdriver. How To Handle Unexpected Alerts In Selenium WebDriver Some times when we browsing software web application, Display some unexpected alerts due to some error or some other reasons. This kind of alerts not display every time but they are displaying only some time. If

you have created webdriver test case for such page and not handled this kind of alerts In your code then your script will fail Immediately If such unexpected alert pop up displayed. We have already learnt, How to handle expected alert popups In selenium webdriver In THIS EXAMPLE. Now unexpected alert appears only some times so we can not write direct code to accept or dismiss that alert. In this kind of situation, we have to handle them specially. You can VIEW ALL WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS ONE BY ONE. To handle this kind of unexpected alerts, You must at least aware about on which action such unexpected alert Is generated. Sometimes, They are generated during page load and sometime they are generated when you perform some action. So first of all we have to note down the action where such unexpected alert Is generated and then we can check for alert after performing that action. We need to use try catch block for checking such unexpected alters because If we will use direct code(without try catch) to accept or dismiss alert and If alert not appears then our test case will fail. try catch can handle both situations. I have one example where alert Is displaying when loading page. So we can check for alert Inside try catch block after page load as shown In bellow given example. After loading page, It will check for alert. If alert Is there on the page then It will dismiss It else It will go to catch block and print message as shown In bellow given example. Run bellow given example In eclipse with testng and observe the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class unexpected_alert { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver =new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/06/alert_6.html");

} @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Text() throws InterruptedException { //To handle unexpected alert on page load. try{ driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("unexpected alert not present"); } driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("fname "); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).sendKeys("lname "); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='submit']")).click(); } } Above given webdriver code Is just for example. It Is just explaining the way of using try catch block to handle unexpected alert. You can use such try catch block In that area where you are facing unexpected alerts very frequently. * Open Firefox Browser Locating Web Element By ClassName In Selenium WebDriver with example There are many different ways of locating elements in webdriver for your software web application page and I have described one of them in my PREVIOUS POST with example. In webdriver, we can't do any thing on web page if you don't know how to locate an element. As you know, we can use element's ID to locate that specific element but suppose if your element do not have any ID then how will you locate that element ? Locating web element by className is good alternative if your element contains class name. We can locate element By Tag Name, By Name, By Link Text, By Partial Link Text, By CSS and By XPATH too but will look about them in my next posts. How to get the class name of element You can get the class name of element using firebug as shown in bellow given image.

Look in to above image. Post date content has a class and we can use that class name to store that blog post date string. Notice one more thing in above image, blog post date string has not any ID so we can not locate it by ID. (Note : You can view more webdriver tutorials on THIS LINK.) Example Of Locating Web Element By ClassName We can use bellow given syntax to locate that element. driver.findElement(By.className("date-header")); Practical example of locating web element by className is as bellow. package junitreportpackage; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class Mytest1 { //To open Firefox browser WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { //To Maximize Browser Window driver.manage().window().maximize(); //To Open URL In browser

driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); String datentime = driver.findElement(By.className("dateheader")).getText();//Locating element by className and store its text to variable datentime. System.out.print(datentime); } } In above example, WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver() will open webdriver's Firefox browser instance. VIEW THIS POST TO KNOW HOW TO RUN WEBDRIVER TEST IN GOOGLE CHROME. driver.get(); will open targeted URL in browser. How To Locate Elements By ID In Selenium WebDriver With Example Before using WebDriver, You must be aware about different ways of locating an elements in WebDriver. Locating an element is essential part in selenium WebDriver because when you wants to take some action on element (typing text or clicking on button), first you need to locate that specific element to perform action. First of all I recommend you to read all these selenium IDE element locating methods and then read this article about Selenium WebDriver element locators to get all locating methods in better way. WebDriver which is also known as a Selenium 2 has many different ways of locating element. Let me explain each of them with examples. Here I am explaining how to locate element By id and will describe Locating Web Element By ClassName in my Next Post and others in latter posts. Locating UI Element By ID If your webpage element has unique and static ID then you can locate your page element by ID. Look in to bellow given image. You can verify that your webelement has any id or not using the firebug.

In above image, Submit Query button has unique id = 'submitButton'. I can use that id to locate button as bellow. driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")); Bellow given example will show you how to locate element by id and then how to click on it. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); for (int i = 0; i<=20; i++) { WebElement btn = driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton"));//Locating element by id if (btn.isEnabled()) { //if webelement's attribute found enabled then this code will be executed. System.out.print("\nCongr8s... Button is enabled and webdriver is clicking on it now"); //Locating button by id and then clicking on it. driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click(); i=20; } else { //if webelement's attribute found disabled then this code will be executed. System.out.print("\nSorry but Button is disabled right now..");

} try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } * Submitting Form Using .submit() Method Submitting Form Using submit() Method Of Selenium WebDriver You will find many forms In any website like Contact Us form, New User Registration Form, Inquiry Form, LogIn Form etc.. Supposing you are testing one site where you have to prepare Login form submission test case In selenium webdriver then how will you do It? Simplest way Is described In THIS POST. If you will see In that example post, we have used .click() method to click on Login button. Selenium Webdriver has one special method to submit any form and that method name Is submit(). submit() method works same as clicking on submit button. WEBDRIVER TUTORIAL PART 2 When to use .click() method You can use .click() method to click on any button. Means element's type = "button" or type = "submit", .click() method will works for both. When to use .submit() method If you will look at firebug view for any form's submit button then always It's type will be "submit" as shown In bellow given Image. In this case, .submit() method Is very good alternative of .click() method.

Final Notes : 1. If any form has submit button which has type = "button" then .submit() method will not work. 2. If button Is not Inside

tag then .submit() method will not work.

Now let us take a look at very simple example where I have used .submit() method to submit form. In bellow given example, I have not used .click() method but used .submit() method with company name field. Run bellow give example In eclipse with testng and verify the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Form_Submit { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/form.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void LogIn_Test(){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='FirstName']")).sendKeys("M yFName"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='LastName']")).sendKeys("M yLName"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='EmailID']")).sendKeys("My Email ID"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='MobNo']")).sendKeys("My Mob No."); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).sendKeys("My Comp Name"); //To submit form.

//You can use any other Input field's(First Name, Last Name etc.) xpath too In bellow given syntax. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit(); String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); System.out.println(alrt); } } Above example will simply submit the form and retrieve submission alert to print. So this way we can use webdriver's submit method to submit any form. You can try different form for your better understanding. * Store Text Of Element Element Locators In Selenium 2 or WebDriver - Locating Element By Tag Name We have learn about Locating element by ID and Locating element by Class Name with examples in my previous posts. Let me repeat once more that if element contains ID then we can locate element by its ID and if element do not have ID and contains Class Name then we can locate an element by Class Name. Now supposing, web element do not have any ID or Class Name then how to locate that element in selenium WebDriver ? Answer is there are many alternatives of selenium WebDriver element locators and one of them is Locating Element By Tag Name. Locating Element By Tag Name is not too much popular because in most of cases, we will have other alternatives of element locators. But yes if there is not any alternative then you can use element's DOM Tag Name to locate that element in webdriver.

(Note : You can view all tutorials of webdriver element locators) Look in to above image. That select box drop down do not have any ID or Class Name. Now if we wants to locate that element then we can use it's DOM tag name 'select' to locate that element. Element locator sysntex will

be

as

bellow.

driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")); Bellow given example will locate dropdown element by it's tagName to store its values in variable. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //Locating element by tagName and store its text in to variable dropdown. String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText(); System.out.print("Drop down list values are as bellow :\n"+dropdown); } * Typing Text In To Text box Selenium Webdriver Element Locator - Locating Element By Name With Example Selenium WebDriver/Selenium 2 is web and mobile application regression testing tool and it is using element locators to find out and perform actions on web elements. We have learn Element Locating by ID, Element Locating By Tag Name and Locating element by Class Name with examples in my previous posts. Locating Element By Name is very useful method and many peoples are using this method in their webdriver automation test case preparation. Locating Element By Name and Locating Element by ID are nearly same. In Locating Element by ID method, webdriver will look for the specified ID attribute and in Locating Element By Name method, webdriver will look for the specified Name attribute. Let me show you one example of how to locate element by name and then we will use it in our webdriver test case.

Look in to above image, web element 'First Name' input box do not have any ID so webdriver can not locate it By ID but that element contains name attribute. So webdriver can locate it By Name attribute. Syntax of locating element in webdriver is as bellow. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")); Now let we use it in one practical example as bellow.Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test() { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //Locating element by Name and type given texts in to input box. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name"); } Above example will type the text in text box using By Name element locating method. * Get Page Title Selenium WebDriver wait for title with example WebDriver has many Canned Expected Conditions by which we can force webdriver to wait explicitly. However Implicit wait is more practical than explicit wait in WebDriver. But in some special cases where implicit wait is not able to handle your scenario then in that case you need to use explicit waits in your test cases. You can view different posts on explicit waits where I have described WebDriver's different Canned Expected conditions with examples. If you have a scenario where you need to wait for title then you can use titleContains(java.lang.String title) with webdriver wait. You need to provide some part of your expected software web application page title with this condition as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(": MyTest")); In above syntax, ": MyTest" is my web page's expected title and 15 seconds is max waiting time to appear title on web page. If title will not appears within 15 seconds due to the any reason then your test case will fails with timeout error. First run bellow given test case in your eclipse and then try same test case for your own software application.

Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait for title example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

@Test public void test () { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Click Here')]")).click(); //Wait for page title WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(": MyTest")); //Get and store page title in to variable String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print(title); } In above example, when webdriver will click on Click Here link, another page will open. During page navigation, webdriver will wait for expected page title. * Get Current Page URL Executing javascript in selenium webdriver to get page title with example JavascriptExecutor is very useful Interface in webdriver. Interface JavascriptExecutor helps you to execute javascript in your test case whenever required. If you knows/remember, We had seen Different examples of executing javascript in selenium IDE to perform different actions. Let me you one example of executing javascript in selenium WebDriver. Sometimes in your test case, you needs to store your software web application page title to compare it with expected page title. In selenium IDE, we can use "storeTitle" command to store it in variable. In webdriver ,we can do it directly using driver.getTitle(); as shown in this example. But if you wants to do it using javascript then how will you do it? Example : Get page title using javascript in selenium webdriver Copy bellow given @Test method part of get page title using javascript example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked

page). @Test public void test () { JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; //Get current page title String pagetitle=(String)javascript.executeScript("return document.title"); System.out.println("My Page Title Is : "+pagetitle); //Get current page URL String CurrentURL = driver.getCurrentUrl(); System.out.println("My Current URL Is : "+CurrentURL); } (View more JavascriptExecutor examples in webdriver) In above example, I have used JavascriptExecutor to execute java script in selenium webdriver. Inner javascript will return current page title and store it in variable = pagetitle. Then Next statement will print it in the console. You can use that variable value to compare with your expected page title if required. Last 2 syntax will get current page URLs and Print it in console. * Get Domain Name Selenium WebDriver - Get Domain Name Using JavascriptExecutor You need current page URL when you have to compare it with your expected URL. You can do it using WebDriver basic operation command driver.getCurrentUrl();. This method we have seen in my Previous Post. If you remember, we can use "storeLocation" command to get current page URL in selenium IDE. Main purpose of this post is to explore how to get domain name in webdriver. So if you wants to store application's domain name then you need to use JavascriptExecutor in your test case. Look here, software application's domain name is different than the current page URL. If my current page URL blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html Then My domain name is = only-testing-blog.blogspot.in

= http://only-testing-

Let me provide you simple example of how to get current page URL using driver.getCurrentUrl(); and how to get domain name using JavascriptExecutor.

Example : Get current URL of page and domain name in selenium webdriver Copy bellow given @Test method part of get current page URL using javascript example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

@Test public void test () { String CurrentURL = driver.getCurrentUrl(); System.out.println("My Current URL Is : "+CurrentURL); //Get and store domain name in variable JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String DomainUsingJS=(String)javascript.executeScript("return document.domain"); System.out.println("My Current URL Is : "+DomainUsingJS); } (View more Javascript examples in selenium webdriver) In above example, 1st 2 syntax will get and print current page URL. Last 3 syntax will get domain name using javascript and will print it in console. * Generating Alert Manually Generating Alert In Selenium Webdriver using JavascriptExecutor If you need to generate alert during your test case execution then you can use java script Executor in selenium webdriver. Java Script Executor is very helpful interface of selenium webdriver because using it we can execute any java script. I think manual alert generation in webdriver test is required only in rare case but main purpose of this post is to explore Java Script Executor. You can view more examples of JavascriptExecutor on THIS LINK. If you remember, we can generate alert in selenium IDE too using "runScript" command. THIS POST will describe you how to generate alert in selenium IDE using "runScript" command with example. Now let me describe you how to generate alert in selenium webdriver if required during test case execution of your software web application. Copy bellow given @Test method part of generate alert using javascript example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

Example 3 : JavascriptExecutor to generate alert in selenium webdriver @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { //Generating Alert Using Javascript Executor JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; javascript.executeScript("alert('Test Case Execution Is started Now..');"); Thread.sleep(2000); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); } In above example, Java Script Executor will simply execute the javascript and generate alert. You can your own alert text in it. Try it in your own software application test if required. * Selecting Value From Dropdown Or Listbox How To Select Option By Value or By Index In Selenium WebDriver With Example In my earlier post, We have seen example of HOW TO SELECT OPTION BY VISIBLE TEXT from drop down. There are two more alternatives to select option value from drop down or list box in selenium webdriver. 1. Selecting Option By Value and 2. Selecting Option By Index. You can use any one from these How To Select Option By Value or By Index In Selenium WebDriver With Example In my earlier post, We have seen example of HOW TO SELECT OPTION BY VISIBLE TEXT from drop down. There are two more alternatives to select option value from drop down or list box in selenium webdriver. 1. Selecting Option By Value and 2. Selecting Option By Index. You can use any one from these three to select value from list box of your software web application page. If you know, we can use "select" command or "addSelection" command in selenium IDE to select option from list box. First of all let me show you difference between visible text, value and index of list box option. Bellow given image will show you clear difference between value, visible text and index.

1. Select Option By Value In WebDriver Syntax for selecting option by value in webdriver is as bellow. First syntax will locate the select element from page and 2nd syntax will select the option from select box by value = Italy. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); 2. Select Option By Index In WebDriver Syntax for selection option by index from list box is as bellow. It will select 1st element(index = 0) from select box. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByIndex(0); Execute bellow given example in your eclipse and verify result. Try to use it in different applications. Copy bellow given @Test method part of select option by value or index and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); //Selecting value from drop down by value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); listbox.selectByValue("Mexico"); listbox.selectByValue("Spain"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("text2"))); //Selecting value from drop down by index listbox.selectByIndex(0); listbox.selectByIndex(3); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); Thread.sleep(2000); } Selenium Webdriver tutorial : How To Select Dropdown Value With Example In my earlier tutorial of selenium webdriver, we learn few basic action commands of selenium WebDriver like HOW TO CLICK ON BUTTON, IMPLICIT WAIT, EXPLICIT WAIT etc. THIS LINK will show you more different examples of basic action commands of selenium webdriver. As you know, Drop down is also essential element of any software web application page. So it is important to know that how to control or take action on drop down list like selecting specific value from drop down list using selenium webdriver/selenium 2. If you know, In selenium IDE we can select value from drop down list using "select" or "addSelection" command. Now let me give you example of how to select value from drop down list in webdriver. In bellow given example, First imported webdriver package "org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select" to get support of webdriver class "Select". import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select; Now we can use "Select" class to identify drop down from web page by writing bellow given syntax. Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist"))); Now we can select any value from selected drop down as bellow. mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi"); Full Example to select value from drop down is as bellow.

EXAMPLE package junitreportpackage; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class Mytesting { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); //Selecting value from drop down using visible text Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist"))); mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("text2"))); } }

Same thing we can do for list box to select option from list box by visible text. How to use implicit wait in selenium webdriver and why There are 2 types of waits available in Webdriver/Selenium 2. One of them is implicit wait and another one is explicit wait. Both (Implicit wait and explicit wait) are useful for waiting in WebDriver. Using waits, we are telling WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time before going to next step. We will see about explicit wait in my upcoming posts. In this post let me tell you why and how to use implicit wait in webdriver. Why Need Implicit Wait In WebDriver As you knows sometimes, some elements takes some time to appear on page when browser is loading the page. In this case, sometime your webdriver test will fail if you have not applied Implicit wait in your test case. If implicit wait is applied in your test case then webdriver will wait for specified amount of time if targeted element not appears on page. As you know, we can Set default timeout or use "setTimeout" command in selenium IDE which is same as implicit wait in webdriver. If you write implicit wait statement in you webdriver script then it will be applied automatically to all elements of your test case. I am suggesting you to use Implicit wait in your all test script of software web application with 10 to 15 seconds. In webdriver, Implicit wait statement is as bellow. How To Write Implicit Wait In WebDriver driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Above statement will tell webdriver to wait for 15 seconds if targeted element not found/not appears on page. Le we look at simple exemple to understand implicit wait better. Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test () { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']")); }

In Above webdriver test case with JUnit example, 1st Element 'xpath("//input[@name='fname']")' will be found on page but element xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']") is not there on page. So in this case webdriver will wait for 15 to locate that element on page because we have written implicit wait statement in our code. At last webdriver test will fail because xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']") is not on the page. How to apply wait in webdriver till element becomes invisible or hidden As you know, WebDriver is software web application regression testing tool and you will face many problems during your webdriver test case creation and execution. You must knows alternate solution if one not works for your test scenario. For example, you have used IMPLICIT WAIT in your test case but if it is not sufficient to handle your condition of waiting till element becomes invisible from page then you can use it's alternative way of using EXPLICIT WAIT in your test case. In my PREVIOUS POST, I have describe use of visibilityOfElementLocated(By locator) method with explicit wait to wait till element becomes visible (not hidden) on page. Now let we look at opposite side. If you wants webdriver to wait till element becomes invisible or hidden from page then we can use invisibilityOfElementLocated(By locator) method with wait condition. Syntax for wait till element invisible from page is as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//inp ut[@id='text4']"))); In above syntax, you can change webdriver wait time from 15 to 20, 30 or more as per your requirement. Also you can use any OTHER ELEMENT LOCATING METHODS except By.xpath. Practical example of webdriver wait till element becomes invisible is as bellow. Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait till element invisible and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException, IOException { //Wait for element invisible WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//inp ut[@id='text4']"))); System.out.print("Text box text4 is now invisible"); } You can VIEW EXAMPLE OF "waitForElementNotPresent" IN SELENIUM IDE if you are using selenium IDE. Selenium WebDriver : Verify Element Present In Selenium WebDriver Some times you need to verify the presence of element before taking some action on software web application page. As you know, Selenium IDE has many built in commands to perform different types of actions on your software web application page. You can verify presence of element by using "verifyElementPresent" command in selenium IDE. Also you can view example of selenium IDE "verifyElementNotPresent" command. Web driver have not any built in method or interface by which we can verify presence of element on the page. Yes we can do it very easily in WebDriver too using bellow given syntax. Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0; We have to use findElements() method for this purpose. Above syntax will return true if element is present on page. Else it will return false. You can put if condition to take action based on presence of element. Bellow given example will check the presence of different text box on page. It will print message in console based on presence of element. Copy bellow given @Test method part of iselementpresent example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { for (int i=1; i<6; i++) { //To verify element is present on page or not. String XPath = "//input[@id='text"+i+"']"; Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath(XPath)).size()! = 0; if (iselementpresent == true) {

System.out.print("\nTargeted TextBox"+i+" Is Present On The Page"); } else { System.out.print("\nTargeted Text Box"+i+" Is Not Present On The Page"); } } } * Deselecting Value From Dropdown Or Listbox Use Of isMultiple() And deselectAll() In Selenium WebDriver With Example Now you can easily select or deselect any specific option from select box or drop down as described in my earlier POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3. All these three posts will describe you different alternative ways of selecting options from list box or drop down. Now let me take you one step ahead to describe you the use of deselectAll() and isMultiple() methods in selenium webdriver. deselectAll() Method deselectAll() method is useful to remove selection from all selected options of select box. It will works with multiple select box when you need to remove all selections. Syntax for deselectAll() method is as bellow. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectAll(); isMultiple() Method isMultiple() method is useful to verify if targeted select box is multiple select box or not means we can select multiple options from that select box or not. It will return boolean (true or false) value. We can use it with if condition before working with select box. Syntax is as bellow. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); boolean value = listbox.isMultiple(); System.out.print(value); Bellow given example will show you use of isMultiple() and deselectAll() methods very clearly in selenium webdriver. @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); //To verify that specific select box supports multiple select or not. if(listbox.isMultiple())

{ System.out.print("Multiple selections is supported"); listbox.selectByVisibleText("USA"); listbox.selectByValue("Russia"); listbox.selectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(3000); //To deselect all selected options. listbox.deselectAll(); Thread.sleep(2000); } else { System.out.print("Not supported multiple selections"); } } In above example, if condition will check that listbox is multiple select box or not? Used listbox.deselectAll(); to remove all selected options. How To Deselect Option By Visible Text Or Value Or By Index In Selenium WebDriver With Example Adding selection or removing selection from list box are very common actions for list box. WebDriver has 3 alternate options to select or deselect value from list box. It is very important to learn all three methods of selecting or deselecting option from list box because if one is not possible to implement in your test then you must be aware about alternate option. I already described 3 selection options in my earlier posts - Selecting specific option BY VISIBLE TEXT, BY VALUE or BY INDEX from drop down or list box. Now let me describe you all three deselect methods to deselect specific option from list box. Do you remember that we can use "removeSelection" command to deselect option from list box? VIEW THIS SELENIUM IDE EXAMPLE for "removeSelection" command. 1. Deselect By Visible Text If you wants to remove selection from list box then you can use webdriver's deselectByVisibleText() method. Syntax is as bellow. 1st syntax will locate the select box and 2nd syntax will remove selection by visible text = Russia. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); 2. Deselect By Value You can also deselect option from list box by value. 2nd syntax will

deselect option by value = Mexico. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); 3. Deselect By Index Bellow given syntax will remove selection by index = 5. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByIndex(5); Execute bellow given example in eclipse and observe results during execution. Copy bellow given @Test method part of deselect option by visible text or value or index and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

@Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByVisibleText("USA"); listbox.selectByVisibleText("Russia"); Thread.sleep(1000); //To deselect by visible text listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); Thread.sleep(1000); listbox.selectByValue("Japan"); listbox.selectByValue("Mexico"); Thread.sleep(1000); //To deselect by value listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); Thread.sleep(1000); listbox.selectByIndex(4); listbox.selectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(1000);

//To deselect by index listbox.deselectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(1000); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); Thread.sleep(1000); } } You can view MORE webdriver examples on THIS LINK. Common Function To Compare Two Double Values In Selenium WebDriver Comparison of double values Is not much more different than comparison of Integer values as described In my PREVIOUS POST but let me give you example of same so that you can get It better. Let me tell you one thing that comparison of different data types (compare two strings, compare two Integers, etc..) Is pure java concept and It has not any relation with selenium webdriver. My main Intention Is to show you that how to handle rest of test execution based on execution result and how to mark your test fail In webdriver test report without any Interruption In execution. Let me try to describe you how to compare two double values with example. As explained In my previous post, If you are retrieving value from web page then It will be always In string format because webdriver's .getText() function Is returning It as a string. So my first task Is to convert It from string to double using bellow given syntax. String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body4292417847084983089']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[4]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Double value. double actualVal = Double.parseDouble(actualValString); Second task Is to create general function In CommonFunctions class to compare two double values. Latter on I will use this function whenever required In my test. Main work of this function Is to accept two double values then compare them and return true or false based on comparison result. See bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;

public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareDoubleVals(double actualDobVal, double expectedDobVal){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualDobVal, expectedDobVal); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Un-comment bellow given hard assertion line and commnet soft assertion line If you wants to stop test execution on assertion failure. //Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualDobVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedDobVal+"' Do Not Match."); Soft_Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualDobVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedDobVal+"' Do Not Match."); //If double values will not match, return false. return false; } //If double values match, return true. return true; } } Now I can use compareDoubleVals function In my test whenever required as described In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); }

@AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareDoubles(){ String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='postbody-4292417847084983089']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[4]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Double value. double actualVal = Double.parseDouble(actualValString); //Call compareDoubleVals method Inside If condition to check Double values match or not. if(compareDoubleVals(actualVal, 20.63)){ //If values match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values match."); }else{ //If values not match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values not match."); } //To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If values not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } Above test will call compareDoubleVals function and It will return false because actual and expected values will not match. So test will be marked as fail. You can use hard assertion too Inside compareDoubleVals function to stop your test on assertion failure. Method To Compare Two Integer Values In Selenium WebDriver Test We have learnt how to create common function to compare two strings In my PREVIOUS POST. Same way, Many times you need to compare two Integer values. And based on comparison result, You can perform your next step of test execution. You can also stop or continue your test execution on assertion failure by using soft or hard TestNG assertions. In this post, we will see how to compare two Integer values using common function. Main Intention of creating this kind of common functions Is to minimize your code size. You have to create It only once and then you can call It again and again whenever required In your test. And for that, You have to create common class which should be accessible from all the test classes.

If you are retrieving text(which Is Integer value) from web page using webdriver's .getText() function then It will be string and you have to convert It In Integer value using bellow given syntax before comparision. String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body8228718889842861683']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Integer value. int actualVal = Integer.parseInt(actualValString); Bellow given example will explain you how to create common function to compare two Integers In your CommonFunctions class. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert; public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareIntegerVals(int actualIntegerVal, int expectedIntegerVal){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualIntegerVal, expectedIntegerVal); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Un-comment bellow given hard assertion line and commnet soft assertion line If you wants to stop test execution on assertion failure. //Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualIntegerVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedIntegerVal+"' Do Not Match."); Soft_Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualIntegerVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedIntegerVal+"' Do Not Match."); //If Integer values will not match, return false. return false; } //If Integer values match, return true. return true; } } Now you can call compareIntegerVals() function In your test to compare two Integer values as shown In bellow given example.

package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/form.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareIntegers(){ String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='postbody-8228718889842861683']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Integer value. int actualVal = Integer.parseInt(actualValString); //Call compareIntegerVals method Inside If condition to check Integer values match or not. if(compareIntegerVals(actualVal, 5)){ //If values match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values match."); }else{ //If values not match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values not match."); } //To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If values not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } General Function To Comparing Two Strings In Selenium WebDriver TestCase

When you will use selenium webdriver to automate real world applications, Many times you have to compare two strings like page title, product name or any other string. And based on comparison result you have to take specific action. Simple example of such scenario Is, You are navigating on any view product page to add product In to basket. But before adding product In basket, You wants to verify product's name to check It Is correct product or not. Many time you have to compare strings In automating any single application. So What you will do? You will write same code multiple time In your different scripts? General way(Which I am using) Is to create common method In base class (Which Is accessible from all test classes) to compare two strings. Then we can call that method by passing actual and expected string to compare strings whenever required In out tests. Let me explain you how to do It. VIEW MORE WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS STEP BY STEP Step 1 : Create CommonFunctions Class In your package which can be accessible by any other class. Step 2 : Create method compareStrings which can accept two string values. Also Create object of TestNG SoftAssert class to assert assertion softly as shown In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert; public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareStrings(String actualStr, String expectedStr){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualStr, expectedStr); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Use here hard assertion "Assert.fail("Failure Message String")" If you wants to stop your test on assertion failure. Soft_Assert.fail("Actual String '"+actualStr+"' And Expected String '"+expectedStr +"' Do Not Match."); //If Strings will not match, return false. return false; }

//If Strings match, return true. return true; } } Step 3 : Now we can call compareStrings method In our test class whenever required as shown In bellow given example. We have Inherited CommonFunctions class to use Its function In Common_Functions_Test. Also call Soft_Assert.assertAll() method at last of your test to mark your test fail If both strings not match. Read More about usage of TestNG Soft Assertion In webdriver. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

//Used Inheritance public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareStrings(){ String actualTitle = driver.getTitle(); //Call compareStrings method Inside If condition to check string match or not. if(compareStrings(actualTitle, "Only Testing: LogIn")){ //If strings match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when title match."); }else{ //If strings not match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when title not match."); }

//To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If strings not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } Above given example will compare actual and expected title strings and mark test failure at the end of test execution If both strings not match without any Interruption In execution. Now you can call compareStrings method any time to compare strings. You just need to provide expected and actual string values. Note : You can use hard assertion In your common function catch block at place of soft assertion If you wants to stop test on failure. See bellow. If you will use bellow given syntax In catch block then It will stop test execution on failure. Assert.fail("Actual String '"+actualStr+"' And Expected String '"+expectedStr+"' Do Not Match."); How To Handle Dynamic Web Table In Selenium WebDriver If web table has same number of rows and same number of cells In each rows every time you load page then It Is very easy to handle that table's data In selenium WebDriver as described In How To Extract Table Data/Read Table Data Using Selenium WebDriver post. Now supposing your table's rows and columns are increasing/decreasing every time you loading page or some rows has more cells and some rows has less cells then you need to put some extra code In your webdriver test case which can retrieve cell data based on number of cells In specific row. Consider the table shown In bellow given Image.

In this table, Row number 1, 2 and 4 has 3 cells, Row number 3 has 2 Cells and Row 5 has 1 cell. In this case, You need to do some extra code to handle these dynamic cells of different rows. To do It, You need to find out the number of cells of that specific row before retrieving data from It. You can view more webdriver tutorials with testng and java WEBDRIVER TUTORIAL @PART 1 and WEBDRIVER TUTORIAL @PART 2.

Bellow given example will first locate the row and then It will calculate the cells from that row and then based on number of cells, It will retrieve cell data Information. Run bellow given example In your eclipse with testng which Is designed for above given dynamic web table. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class dynamic_table { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/form.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Handle_Dynamic_Webtable() { //To locate table. WebElement mytable = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='postbody-8228718889842861683']/div[1]/table/tbody")); //To locate rows of table. List rows_table = mytable.findElements(By.tagName("tr")); //To calculate no of rows In table. int rows_count = rows_table.size(); //Loop will execute till the last row of table. for (int row=0; row
List Columns_row = rows_table.get(row).findElements(By.tagName("td")); //To calculate no of columns(cells) In that specific row. int columns_count = Columns_row.size(); System.out.println("Number of cells In Row "+row+" are "+columns_count); //Loop will execute till the last cell of that specific row. for (int column=0; column
This Is only example for your reference. You will find this kind of ajax drop lists In many sites. How to handle ajax drop list In selenium WebDriver Now supposing you wants to select some value from that auto suggest list or you wants to store and print all those suggestions then how will you do It?. If you know, It Is very hard to handle such ajax In selenium IDE. Let we try to print all those suggestions In console.

Here, Xpath pattern Is same for all ajax auto suggest drop list Items. Only changing Is Value Inside tag. See bellow xpath of 1st two Items of drop list. //*[@id='gsr']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/div/table/tbody/tr [1]/td[1]/span //*[@id='gsr']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/div/table/tbody/tr [1]/td[1]/span So we will use for loop(As described In my THIS POST) to feed that changing values to xpath of drop list different Items. Other one thing we need to consider Is we don't know how many Items It will show In ajax drop list. Some keywords show you 4 Items and some other will show you more than 4 Items In drop list. To handle this dynamic changing list, We will USE TRY CATCH BLOCK to catch the NoSuchElementException exception if not found next Item In ajax drop list. In bellow given example, we have used testng @DataProvider annotation. If you know, @DataProvider annotation Is useful for data driven testing. THIS LINKED POST will describe you the usage of @DataProvider annotation with detailed example and explanation. Run bellow given example In your eclipse with testng and see how It Is retrieving values from ajax drop list and print them In console. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.DataProvider; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Ajax_Handle { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://www.google.com"); }

@AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } //Data provider Is used for supplying 2 different values to Search_Test method. @DataProvider(name="search-data") public Object[][] dataProviderTest(){ return new Object[][]{{"selenium webdriver tutorial"},{"auto s"}}; } @Test(dataProvider="search-data") public void Search_Test(String Search){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='gbqfq']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='gbqfq']")).sendKeys(Search); int i=1; int j=i+1; try{ //for loop will run till the NoSuchElementException exception. for(i=1; i
Submitting Form Using submit() Method Of Selenium WebDriver You will find many forms In any website like Contact Us form, New User Registration Form, Inquiry Form, LogIn Form etc.. Supposing you are testing one site where you have to prepare Login form submission test case In selenium webdriver then how will you do It? Simplest way Is described In THIS POST. If you will see In that example post, we have used .click() method to click on Login button. Selenium Webdriver has one special method to submit any form and that method name Is submit(). submit() method works same as clicking on submit button. WEBDRIVER TUTORIAL PART 2 When to use .click() method You can use .click() method to click on any button. Means element's type = "button" or type = "submit", .click() method will works for both. When to use .submit() method If you will look at firebug view for any form's submit button then always It's type will be "submit" as shown In bellow given Image. In this case, .submit() method Is very good alternative of .click() method.

Final Notes : 1. If any form has submit button which has type = "button" then .submit() method will not work. 2. If button Is not Inside tag then .submit() method will not work. Now let us take a look at very simple example where I have used .submit() method to submit form. In bellow given example, I have not used .click() method but used .submit() method with company name field. Run bellow give example In eclipse with testng and verify the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Form_Submit { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/form.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void LogIn_Test(){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='FirstName']")).sendKeys("M yFName"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='LastName']")).sendKeys("M yLName"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='EmailID']")).sendKeys("My Email ID"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='MobNo']")).sendKeys("My Mob No."); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).sendKeys("My Comp Name"); //To submit form. //You can use any other Input field's(First Name, Last Name etc.) xpath too In bellow given syntax. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit(); String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); System.out.println(alrt); } }

Above example will simply submit the form and retrieve submission alert to print. So this way we can use webdriver's submit method to submit any form. You can try different form for your better understanding. How To Extract Table Data/Read Table Data Using Selenium WebDriver Example Table Is very frequently used element In web pages. Many times you need to extract your web table data to compare and verify as per your test case. You can read about How To Extracting All Links From Page If you need It In your test scenarios. If you knows, Selenium IDE has also many commands related to Table and you can view all of them on LINK 1 and LINK 2 with examples. Now let me come to our current discussion point about how to read values from table. Before reading values from web table, You must know there are how many rows and how many columns In your table. Let we try to get number of rows and columns from table. SELENIUM WEBDRIVER STEP BY STEP TUTORIALS. How To Get Number Of Rows Using Selenium WebDriver

Look at the firebug view of above HTML table. In any web table, Number of tags Inside tag describes the number of rows of table. So you need to calculate that there are how many tags Inside tag. To get row count for above given example table, we can use webdriver statement like bellow. int Row_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr")).size(); In above syntax, .size() method with webdriver's findElements method will retrieve the count of tags and store It In Row_count variable.

How To Get Number Of Columns Using Selenium WebDriver Same way In any web table, Number of tags from any tag describes the number of columns of table as shown In bellow given Image.

So for getting number of columns, we can use syntax like bellow. int Col_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td")).size(); Now we have row count and column count. One more thing you require to read data from table Is generating Xpath for each cell of column. Look at bellow given xpath syntax of 1st cell's 1st and 2nd rows. //*[@id='post-body-6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1] //*[@id='post-body-6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1] Highlighted string Is common for both cell's xpath. Only changing Is row number Inside tr node. So here we can pass Row_count variable's value Inside tr node. Same way, look at bellow given xpath syntax of 1st and 2nd cells of 1st row. Highlighted string Is common for both cell's xpath. Only changing Is column number Inside td node. So here we can pass Col_count variable's value Inside td node. //*[@id='post-body-6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1] //*[@id='post-body-6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2] All above thing Is applied In bellow given example. Simply run It In your eclipse using testng and observe output In console. package Testng_Pack;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class table { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/09/test.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void print_data(){ //Get number of rows In table. int Row_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr")).size(); System.out.println("Number Of Rows = "+Row_count); //Get number of columns In table. int Col_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td")).size(); System.out.println("Number Of Columns = "+Col_count); //divided xpath In three parts to pass Row_count and Col_count values. String first_part = "//*[@id='post-body6522850981930750493']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr["; String second_part = "]/td["; String third_part = "]"; //Used for loop for number of rows. for (int i=1; i<=Row_count; i++){ //Used for loop for number of columns. for(int j=1; j<=Col_count; j++){ //Prepared final xpath of specific cell as per values of i and j. String final_xpath = first_part+i+second_part+j+third_part;

//Will retrieve value from located cell and print It. String Table_data = driver.findElement(By.xpath(final_xpath)).getText(); System.out.print(Table_data +" "); } System.out.println(""); System.out.println(""); } } } Console output of above given example will looks like bellow. Number Of Rows = 3 Number Of Columns = 6 11 12 13 14 15 16 21 22 23 24 25 26 31 32 33 34 35 36 Here you can see, all the values of table are extracted and printed. Selenium WebDriver : Extracting All Text Fields From Web Page Sometimes you need to extract specific types of web elements from page like extract all Links to open all of them one by one, extract all text boxes from page to type some text In all of them or In some of them one by one. Previously we have learnt how to extract all links from page In THIS POST. Now supposing you have a scenario where you needs to extract all text fields from page to send some text In all of them how to do It In selenium WebDriver? You can VIEW MORE TUTORIALS ON SELENIUM WEBDRIVER. WebDriver's In built findelements method will help us to find all text boxes from page. If you know, Each simple text box are Input fields and will have always attribute type = text and If It Is password text box then It's type will be password as shown In bellow given Image.

In short we have to find all those Input fields where type = "text" or "password". In bellow given example, I have used findelements method to find and store all those elements In txtfields array list and then used for loop to type some text In all of them. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.List; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Extract_Text { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); } @Test public void Text() throws InterruptedException{ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); //find all input fields where type = text or password and store them In array list txtfields.

List txtfields = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@type='text' or @type='password']")); //for loop to send text In all text box one by one. for(int a=0; a
Now selenium webdriver do not have any feature to handle this save file dialogue. But yes, Selenium webdriver has one more very good feature by which you do not need to handle that dialogue and you can download any file very easily. We can do It using webdriver's Inbuilt class FirefoxProfile and Its different methods. Before looking at example of downloading file, Let me describe you some thing about file's MIME types. Yes you must know MIME type of file which you wants to download using selenium webdriver. What Is MIME of File MIME Is full form of Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions which Is useful to Identify file type by browser or server to transfer online. You need to provide MIME type of file In your selenium webdriver test so that you must be aware about It. There are many online tools available to know MIME type of any file. Just google with "MIME checker" to find this kind of tools. In our example given bellow, I have used MIME types as shown bellow for different file types In bellow given selenium webdriver test. 1. Text File (.txt) - text/plain 2. PDF File (.pdf) - application/pdf 3. CSV File (.csv) - text/csv 4. MS Excel File (.xlsx) - application/vnd.openxmlformatsofficedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet 5. MS word File (.docx) - application/vnd.openxmlformatsofficedocument.wordprocessingml.document Example Of downloading different files using selenium webdriver package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class downloadingfile { WebDriver driver;

@BeforeTest public void StartBrowser() { //Create object of FirefoxProfile in built class to access Its properties. FirefoxProfile fprofile = new FirefoxProfile(); //Set Location to store files after downloading. fprofile.setPreference("browser.download.dir", "D:\\WebDriverdownloads"); fprofile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList", 2); //Set Preference to not show file download confirmation dialogue using MIME types Of different file extension types. fprofile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/vnd.openxmlformatsofficedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;"//MIME types Of MS Excel File. + "application/pdf;" //MIME types Of PDF File. + "application/vnd.openxmlformatsofficedocument.wordprocessingml.document;" //MIME types Of MS doc File. + "text/plain;" //MIME types Of text File. + "text/csv"); //MIME types Of CSV File. fprofile.setPreference( "browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false ); fprofile.setPreference( "pdfjs.disabled", true ); //Pass fprofile parameter In webdriver to use preferences to download file. driver = new FirefoxDriver(fprofile); } @Test public void OpenURL() throws InterruptedException{ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); //Download Text File driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(.,'Download Text File')]")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000);//To wait till file gets downloaded. //Download PDF File driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(.,'Download PDF File')]")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Download CSV File driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(.,'Download CSV File')]")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Download Excel File driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(.,'Download Excel File')]")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Download Doc File

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(.,'Download Doc File')]")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } } When you run above example, It will download all 5(Text, pdf, CSV, docx and xlsx) files one by one and store them In D:\WebDriverdownloads folder automatically as shown In bellow given example.

InterruptedException Is used with method OpenURL to handle checked exception of Thread.sleep(5000). View detailed tutorials of exception handling In selenium WebDriver on THIS LINK. This way you can download any file using selenium webdriver like zip file, exe file, etc.. Just know your file's MIME type and download It as shown In above example. How To Handle Exception In Java : Tutorials For Selenium WebDriver Anyone don't like exceptions and at the same time, anyone can not hide himself from exceptions when running webdriver tests because (What Is An Exception? :->) exception Is an error event generated during the execution of webdriver test case or java program which disrupts test execution In between. Exception can arise due to the many reasons like, network connection or hardware failure, Invalid data entered by user, DB server down etc.. So all these

things can happens any time when you run your selenium webdriver test case and we can not stop It. So Instead of thinking about stopping exception(Which Is not possible) during run time, Think about handling exceptions. Java provides very good exception handling mechanism to recover from this kind of errors. Let us learn different ways of handling exception In java. There are two types of exceptions In java as bellow. 1. Checked Exception : Checked exceptions are those exceptions which are checked during compile time and needs catch block to caught that exception during compilation. If compiler will not find catch block then It will throw compilation error. Very simple example of checked exception Is using Thread.sleep(5000); statement In your code. If you will not put this statement Inside try catch block then It will not allow you to compile your program. 2. Unchecked Exceptions : Unchecked exception are those exception which are not checked during compile time. Generally checked exceptions occurred due to the error In code during run time. Simplest example of unchecked exception Is int i = 4/0;. This statement will throws / by zero exception during run time. Handling exceptions using try-catch block We need to place try catch block around that code which might generate exception. In bellow given example, System.out.println(a[9]); Is written Intentionally to generate an exception. If you see, that statement Is written Inside try block so If that statement throw an exception - catch block can caught and handle It. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { int a[] = {3,1,6}; try { //If any exception arise Inside this try block, Control will goes to catch block. System.out.println("Before Exception"); //unchecked exception System.out.println(a[9]);//Exception will arise here because we have only 3 values In array. System.out.println("After Exception"); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Exception Is "+e); } System.out.println("Outside The try catch."); } }

If you will run above example In your eclipse, try block will be executed. "Before Exception" statement will be printed In console and Next statement will generate an exception so "After Exception" statement will be not printed In console and control will goes to catch block to handle that exception. Always use try catch block to log your exception In selenium webdriver reports. Handling exceptions using throws keyword Another way of handling exception Is using throws keyword with method as shown In bellow given example. Supposing you have a throwexc method which Is throwing some exception and this method Is called from some other method catchexc. Now you wants to handle exception of throwexc method In to catchexc method then you need to use throws keyword with throwexc method. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { catchexc(); } private static void catchexc() { try { //throwexc() Method called. throwexc(); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { //Exception of throwexc() will be caught here and take required action. System.out.println("Devide by 0 error."); } } //This method will throw ArithmeticException divide by 0. private static void throwexc() throws ArithmeticException { int i=15/0; } } In above given example, Exception of throwexc() Is handled Inside catchexc() method. Using throw Keyword To Throw An Exception Explicitly Difference between throw and throws In java : As we learnt, throws keyword Is useful to throw those exceptions to calling methods which are not handled Inside called methods. Throw keyword has a different work - throw keyword Is useful to throw an exception explicitly whenever required. This Is the difference between throw and throws In java. Interviewer can ask this question. Let us look at practical example.

public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { catchexc(); } private static void catchexc() { try { //throwexc() Method called. throwexc(); } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println("Array Index out of bound exception."); } } private static void throwexc() { //This statement will throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException exception. throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } } In above example, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException exception will be thrown by throw keyword of throwexc method. finally keyword and Its use finally keyword Is used with try catch block at the end of try catch block. Code written Inside finally block will be executed always regardless of exception Is occurred or not. Main intention of using finally with try catch block Is : If you wants to perform some action without considering exception occurred or not. finally block will be executed In both the cases. Let us see simple example of finally. public class Handle_exce { public static void main(String[] args) { try{ int i=5/0; //Exception will be thrown. System.out.println("Value Of i Is "+i);//This statement will be not executed. }catch (Exception e)//Exception will be caught. { System.out.println("Inside catch."+e);//print the exception. }finally//finally block will be executed. { System.out.println("Inside finally. Please take appropriate action"); } try{ int j=5/2; //Exception will be not thrown. System.out.println("Value Of j Is "+j);//This statement will be executed.

}catch (Exception e)//No exception so catch block code will not execute. { System.out.println("Inside catch."+e); }finally//finally block code will be executed. { System.out.println("Inside finally. Please take appropriate action"); } } } In above example, 2 try-catch-finally blocks used. Run above example and observe result. 1st try block will throw an error and catch will handle and then finally block will be executed. 2nd try block will not throw any error so catch will be not executed but finally block will be executed. So In both the cases finally block will be executed. So all these things about exception and ways of handling them will helps you In your webdriver test exception handling. How To Create And Use Custom Firefox Profile For Selenium WebDriver What Is the Firefox Profile? When you Install Firefox In your computer, Firefox creates one default profile folder In your local drive to save your preferences like your bookmarks, your preferred home page on Firefox open, your toolbar settings, your saved passwords and all the other settings. You can create different profiles for your Firefox browser as per your requirement. Now supposing same computer Is used by two users and both wants their own Firefox settings then both users can create their own Firefox profile to access their own settings when he/she opens Firefox browser. You can LEARN SELENIUM WEBDRIVER STEP BY STEP to become master of selenium Webdriver. If you have noticed, When you will run your selenium webdriver test In Firefox browser then WebDriver will open blank Firefox browser like No bookmarks, No saved passwords, No addons etc.. as shown In bellow given Image.

If you wants access of all these things In your selenium webdriver test browser then you have to create new profile of Firefox and set all required properties In newly created profile and then you can access that profile In webdriver using FirefoxProfile class of webdriver. First Of all, Let us see how to create new profile of Firefox and then we will see how to use that profile In your test. How to Create New Custom Firefox Profile For Selenium WebDriver? To create new firefox profile manually, 

Close Firefox browser from File -> Exit.



Go to Start -> Run and type "firefox.exe -p" In run window and click OK. It will open "Firefox - Choose User Profile" dialogue as shown In bellow Image.

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Now click on Create profile button. It will open create profile wizard dialogue. Click On Next as shown In bellow given Image.



On next screen, Give profile name = "WebDriver_Profile" and click on finish button as shown In bellow given Image.



It Will create new profile of Firefox.



To use that newly Created profile, Select that profile and click on Start Firefox button as shown In bellow given Image. It will open Firefox browser with newly created profile.

Now you can make you required settings on this new created profile browser like add your required addons, bookmark your required page, network settings, proxy settings, etc.. and all other required settings. How To Access Custom Firefox(Changing User Agent) Profile In Selenium WebDriver Test To access newly created Firefox profile In selenium WebDriver, We needs to use webdriver's Inbuilt class ProfilesIni and Its method getProfile as shown In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class custom_profile { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser() { //Create object of webdriver's inbuilt class ProfilesIni to access Its method getProfile. ProfilesIni firProfiles = new ProfilesIni(); //Get access of newly created profile WebDriver_Profile. FirefoxProfile wbdrverprofile = firProfiles.getProfile("WebDriver_Profile"); //Pass wbdrverprofile parameter to FirefoxDriver. driver = new FirefoxDriver(wbdrverprofile); }

@Test public void OpenURL(){ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } } When you will run above given example, It will open Firefox browser with newly created profile settings. Why needs To Set Firefox Profile In Selenium WebDriver To perform some actions In your selenium webdriver test, You need special Firefox profile. Some example actions are as bellow where we need to set Firefox profile. We will learn more about how to perform all those actions In Selenium webdriver In my upcoming posts. 1. To Download files. VIEW EXAMPLE 2. To Set Proxy Settings. 3. To Resolve Certificate related errors. If you have any example where we need to set Firefox profile properties then you can share It with world by commenting bellow. WebDriver Test Data Driven Testing Using TestNG @DataProvider Annotation Data driven testing Is most Important topic for all software testing automation tools because you need to provide different set of data In your tests. If you are selenium IDE user and you wants to perform data driven testing IN YOUR TEST then THESE POSTS will helps you. For Selenium Webdriver, Data driven testing using excel file Is very easy. For that you need support of Java Excel API and It Is explained very clearly In THIS POST. Now If you are using TestNG framework for selenium webdriver then there Is one another way to perform data driven testing. TestNG @DataProvider Annotation @DataProvider Is TestNG annotation. @DataProvider Annotation of testng framework provides us a facility of storing and preparing data set In method. Task of @DataProvider annotated method Is supplying data for a test method. Means you can configure data set In that method and then use that data In your test method. @DataProvider annotated method must return an Object[][] with data.

Let us see simple example of data driven testing using @DataProvider annotation. We have to create 2 dimensional array In @DataProvider annotated method to store data as shown In bellow given example. You can VIEW THIS POST to know more about two dimensional array In java. Bellow given example will retrieve userid and password one by one from @DataProvider annotated method and will feed them In LogIn_Test(String Usedid, String Pass) one by one. Run this example In your eclipse and observe result. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import import import

java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.DataProvider; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Sample_Login { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } //This method will return two dimensional array. //This method behaves as data provider for LogIn_Test method. @DataProvider public Object[][] LoginCredentials(){ //Created two dimensional array with 4 rows and 2 columns. //4 rows represents test has to run 4 times. //2 columns represents 2 data parameters. Object[][] Cred = new Object[4][2]; Cred[0][0] = "UserId1"; Cred[0][1] = "Pass1";

Cred[1][0] = "UserId2"; Cred[1][1] = "Pass2"; Cred[2][0] = "UserId3"; Cred[2][1] = "Pass3"; Cred[3][0] = "UserId4"; Cred[3][1] = "Pass4"; return Cred; //Returned Cred } //Give data provider method name as data provider. //Passed 2 string parameters as LoginCredentials() returns 2 parameters In object. @Test(dataProvider="LoginCredentials") public void LogIn_Test(String Usedid, String Pass){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='userid']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='pswrd']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='userid']")).sendKeys(Usedid) ; driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='pswrd']")).sendKeys(Pass); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Login']")).click(); String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); System.out.println(alrt); } } testng.xml file to run this example Is as bellow. When you will run above example In eclipse, It will enter UserID and passwords one by one In UserId and password test box of web page. TestNG result report will looks like bellow.

Creating Object Repository Using Properties File In Selenium WebDriver In selenium WebDriver, There Is not any built In facility to create object repository. So maintenance of page objects(Page element locators) becomes very hard If you will write all objects of page on code level. Let me give you one simple example - You have one search button and you have used It(Using Id locator) In many of your test cases. Now supposing someone has changed Its Id In your application then what you will do? You will go for replacing Id of that element In all test cases wherever It Is used? It will create overhead for you. Simple solution to remove this overhead Is creating object repository using properties File support of java. In properties file, First we can write element locator of web element and then we can use It In our test cases. Let us try to create object repository for simple calculator application given on THIS PAGE and then will try to create test case for that calc application using object repository.. How to create new properties file To create new properties file, Right click on your project package -> New -> Other .

It will open New wizard. Expand General folder In New wizard and select File and click on Next button.

Give file name objects.properties on next window and click on Finish button.

It will add object.properties file under your package. Now copy paste bellow given lines in objects.properties file. So now this objects.properties file Is object repository for your web application page calc. objects.properties file #Created unique key for Id of all web elements. # Example 'one' Is key and '1' Is ID of web element button 1. one=1 two=2 three=3 four=4 five=5 six=6 seven=7 eight=8 nine=9 zero=0 equalsto=equals cler=AC result=Resultbox plus=plus minus=minus mul=multiply In above file, Left side value Is key and right side value Is element locator(by Id) of all web elements of web calculator. You can use other element locator methods too like xpath, css ect.. VISIT THIS LINK to view different element locator methods of webdriver.

Now let us create webdriver test case to perform some operations on calculation. In bellow given example, All the element locators are coming from objects.properties file using obj.getProperty(key). Here key Is reference of element locator value in objects.properties file. package ObjectRepo; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Properties; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CalcTest { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeMethod public void openbrowser() throws IOException { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/04/calc.html"); } @AfterMethod public void closebrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Calc_Operations() throws IOException{ //Create Object of Properties Class. Properties obj = new Properties(); //Create Object of FileInputStream Class. Pass file path. FileInputStream objfile = new FileInputStream(System.getProperty("user.dir") +"\\src\\ObjectRepo\\objects.properties"); //Pass object reference objfile to load method of Properties object. obj.load(objfile); //Sum operation on calculator. //Accessing element locators of all web elements using obj.getProperty(key) driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("eight"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("plus"))).click();

driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("four"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("equalsto"))).click(); String i = driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).getAttribute("value"); System.out.println(obj.getProperty("eight")+" + "+obj.getProperty("four")+" = "+i); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).clear(); //Subtraction operation on calculator. //Accessing element locators of all web elements using obj.getProperty(key) driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("nine"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("minus"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("three"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("equalsto"))).click(); String j = driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).getAttribute("value"); System.out.println(obj.getProperty("nine")+" - "+obj.getProperty("three") +" = "+j); } } Run above given example In your eclipse and observe execution. Now supposing I have many such test cases and some one has changed Id of any button of calc application then what I have to do? I have to modify all test cases? Answer Is No. I just need to modify objects.properties file because I have not use element's Id directly In any test case but I have Used just Its key reference In all test cases. This way you can create object repository of all your web elements In one .properties file. You can VIEW MORE TUTORIALS about selenium webdriver. Use Of isMultiple() And deselectAll() In Selenium WebDriver With Example Now you can easily select or deselect any specific option from select box or drop down as described in my earlier POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3. All these three posts will describe you different alternative ways of selecting options from list box or drop down. Now let me take you one step ahead to describe you the use of deselectAll() and isMultiple() methods in selenium webdriver. deselectAll() Method deselectAll() method is useful to remove selection from all selected options of select box. It will works with multiple select box when you need to remove all selections. Syntax for deselectAll() method is as bellow.

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectAll(); isMultiple() Method isMultiple() method is useful to verify if targeted select box is multiple select box or not means we can select multiple options from that select box or not. It will return boolean (true or false) value. We can use it with if condition before working with select box. Syntax is as bellow. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); boolean value = listbox.isMultiple(); System.out.print(value); Bellow given example will show you use of isMultiple() and deselectAll() methods very clearly in selenium webdriver. @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); //To verify that specific select box supports multiple select or not. if(listbox.isMultiple()) { System.out.print("Multiple selections is supported"); listbox.selectByVisibleText("USA"); listbox.selectByValue("Russia"); listbox.selectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(3000); //To deselect all selected options. listbox.deselectAll(); Thread.sleep(2000); } else { System.out.print("Not supported multiple selections"); } } In above example, if condition will check that listbox is multiple select box or not? Used listbox.deselectAll(); to remove all selected options. ] How To Deselect Option By Visible Text Or Value Or By Index In Selenium WebDriver With Example

Adding selection or removing selection from list box are very common actions for list box. WebDriver has 3 alternate options to select or deselect value from list box. It is very important to learn all three methods of selecting or deselecting option from list box because if one is not possible to implement in your test then you must be aware about alternate option. I already described 3 selection options in my earlier posts - Selecting specific option BY VISIBLE TEXT, BY VALUE or BY INDEX from drop down or list box. Now let me describe you all three deselect methods to deselect specific option from list box. Do you remember that we can use "removeSelection" command to deselect option from list box? VIEW THIS SELENIUM IDE EXAMPLE for "removeSelection" command. 1. Deselect By Visible Text If you wants to remove selection from list box then you can use webdriver's deselectByVisibleText() method. Syntax is as bellow. 1st syntax will locate the select box and 2nd syntax will remove selection by visible text = Russia. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); 2. Deselect By Value You can also deselect option from list box by value. 2nd syntax will deselect option by value = Mexico. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); 3. Deselect By Index Bellow given syntax will remove selection by index = 5. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByIndex(5); Execute bellow given example in eclipse and observe results during execution. Copy bellow given @Test method part of deselect option by visible text or value or index and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

@Test

public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByVisibleText("USA"); listbox.selectByVisibleText("Russia"); Thread.sleep(1000); //To deselect by visible text listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); Thread.sleep(1000); listbox.selectByValue("Japan"); listbox.selectByValue("Mexico"); Thread.sleep(1000); //To deselect by value listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); Thread.sleep(1000); listbox.selectByIndex(4); listbox.selectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(1000); //To deselect by index listbox.deselectByIndex(5); Thread.sleep(1000); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); Thread.sleep(1000); } } How To Select Option By Value or By Index In Selenium WebDriver With Example In my earlier post, We have seen example of HOW TO SELECT OPTION BY VISIBLE TEXT from drop down. There are two more alternatives to select option value from drop down or list box in selenium webdriver. 1. Selecting Option By Value and 2. Selecting Option By Index. You can use any one from these three to select value from list box of your software web application page. If you know, we can use "select" command or "addSelection" command in selenium IDE to select option from list box.

First of all let me show you difference between visible text, value and index of list box option. Bellow given image will show you clear difference between value, visible text and index.

1. Select Option By Value In WebDriver Syntax for selecting option by value in webdriver is as bellow. First syntax will locate the select element from page and 2nd syntax will select the option from select box by value = Italy. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); 2. Select Option By Index In WebDriver Syntax for selection option by index from list box is as bellow. It will select 1st element(index = 0) from select box. Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByIndex(0); Execute bellow given example in your eclipse and verify result. Try to use it in different applications. Copy bellow given @Test method part of select option by value or index and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException

{ driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); //Selecting value from drop down by value Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); listbox.selectByValue("Mexico"); listbox.selectByValue("Spain"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("text2"))); //Selecting value from drop down by index listbox.selectByIndex(0); listbox.selectByIndex(3); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='->']")).click(); Thread.sleep(2000); } Posted by P Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Parameterization/Data Driven Testing Of Selenium Webdriver Test Using Excel Parameterization or data driven of your test is must required thing of any automation testing tool. If you can not perform data driven testing in any automation tool then it is biggest drawback of that tool. Till now, Selenium webdriver has not any built in structure or method to parameterize your test. If you know, we can perform data driven testing using user extension in selenium IDE. You can view practical example of selenium IDE parameterization test on THIS ARTICLE POST. To parameterize selenium webdriver test, We need support of Java Excel API. First of all, we need to configure eclipse. Configuration steps are as bellow. Another way of data driven testing In selenium webdriver Is using TestNG @DataProvider Annotation. VIEW STEPS OF DATA DRIVEN TESTING USING @DataProvider. Step 1 : Download latest jxl.jar file Current latest version of jexcelapi is 2_6_12. It may change in future so download link can also change. 

Click on THIS LINK to go to jexcelapi_2_6_12 page.



Click on jexcelapi_2_6_12.zip link as shown in bellow image. It will start downloading zip folder.



On completion of zip folder download, extract that zip folder. You will find jxl.jar file inside it.

Step 2 : Add jxl.jar in your project folder as a external jar. 

Right click on your project folder in eclipse and go to Build Path -> Configure Build path -> Libraries tab -> Click on Add External JARs button and select jxl.jar.

For detailed description with image on how to add any external jar in your project folder, You can follow step 2 of THIS POST . Step 3 : Download data file I have prepared example data file for parameterization. CLICK HERE to download data file and save in your D: drive. Step 4 : Import header files All Bellow given header files are required for this example. Please include them in your header file list if not included. import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import jxl.Sheet; import jxl.Workbook; import jxl.read.biff.BiffException; import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor; Step 5 : Run bellow given example in your eclipse. Bellow given example will read data from D:\\MyDataSheet.xls file and then type that data in First Name and Last Name text box one by one. Last Name text box will be disabled initially so I have used javascript executor to enable it. You can view practical example with description for the same on THIS LINK.

Copy bellow given @Test method part of data driven testing example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws BiffException, IOException, InterruptedException { //Open MyDataSheet.xls file from given location. FileInputStream fileinput = new FileInputStream("D:\\MyDataSheet.xls"); //Access first data sheet. getSheet(0) describes first sheet. Workbook wbk = Workbook.getWorkbook(fileinput); Sheet sheet = wbk.getSheet(0); //Read data from the first data sheet of xls file and store it in array. String TestData[][] = new String[sheet.getRows()][sheet.getColumns()]; //To enable Last Name text box. JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname') [0].removeAttribute('disabled');"; javascript.executeScript(toenable); //Type data in first name and last name text box from array. for(int i=0;i
}

How To Enable/Disable Textbox In Selenium WebDriver On The Fly We can know element's enabled/disabled status very easily using isEnabled() method in selenium webdriver as described in THIS EXAMPLE POST. Now supposing you have a scenario where you wants to enable any disabled text box or disable any enabled text box then how to do it? Webdriver do not have any built in method by which you perform this action. But yes, Webdriver has JavascriptExecutor interface by which we can execute any javascript using executeScript() method. I have posted many posts on how to execute javascript in selenium webdriver to perform different actions. You can view all those example on THIS LINK. Same way, we can enable or disable any element using JavascriptExecutor interface during webdriver test case execution. To disable text box, we will use html dom setAttribute() method and to enable text box, we will use html dom removeAttribute() method with executeScript() method. Javascript syntax for both of these is as bellow. document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', ''); document.getElementsByName('lname')[0].removeAttribute('disabled'); Now let we use both these javascripts practically to understand them better. VIEW THIS POST to see how to enable or disable text box in selenium IDE. Copy bellow given @Test method part of enable or disable element and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws BiffException, IOException, InterruptedException { boolean fbefore = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nBefore : First Name Text box enabled status is : "+fbefore); boolean lbefore = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nBefore : Last Name Text box enabled status is : "+lbefore);

Thread.sleep(2000); //To disable First Name text box JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname') [0].setAttribute('disabled', '');"; javascript.executeScript(todisable); Thread.sleep(2000); //To enable Last Name text box String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname') [0].removeAttribute('disabled');"; javascript.executeScript(toenable); Thread.sleep(3000); boolean fafter = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nAfter : First Name Text box enabled status is : "+fafter); boolean lafter = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nAfter : Last Name Text box enabled status is : "+lafter); } How To Verify Element Is Enabled Or Disabled in Selenium WebDriver During your Selenium WebDriver test case creation, frequently you need to verify that your targeted element is enabled or disabled before performing action on it. Webdriver has built in method isEnabled() to check the element enable status. Verification of element is disable and verification of element invisible is totally different. Element is disabled means it is visible but not editable and element is invisible means it is hidden. VIEW THIS EXAMPLE to know how to wait till element is visible on the page. isEnabled() isEnabled() webdriver method will verify and return true if specified element is enabled. Else it will return false. Generic syntax to store and print element's status value is as bellow. boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); We can use isEnabled() method with if condition to take action based on element's enabled status. Bellow given example will explain you deeply about isEnabled() webdriver method. If you are selenium IDE user then

VIEW THIS POST to know how to wait for targeted element becomes editable. Copy bellow given @Test method part of check element enabled status and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws BiffException, IOException, InterruptedException { boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); WebElement firstname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")); WebElement lastname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")); //Verify First name text box is enabled or not and then print related message. if(firstname.isEnabled()) { System.out.print("\nText box First name is enabled. Take your action."); } else { System.out.print("\nText box First name is disabled. Take your action."); } //Verify Last name text box is enabled or not and then print related message. if(lastname.isEnabled()) { System.out.print("\nText box Last name is enabled. Take your action."); } else { System.out.print("\nText box Last name is disabled. Take your action."); } } Above given example, will check the status of First name and Last name text box and print message in console based on element is enabled or disabled. Example of Handling Multiple Browser Windows in Selenium WebDriver

Selenium WebDriver has built in "WebDriver.switchTo().window()" method available to switch from one window to another window so it is very easy to handle multiple windows in webdriver. If you remember, We can use "selectWindow" window command in selenium IDE to select another window. If window do not have any title or both window has same title then it was very difficult to select other window in selenium IDE. WebDriver has made it very easy. You can handle multiple windows even if all the windows do not have any title or contains same title. WebDriver.getWindowHandles() In WebDriver, We can use "WebDriver.getWindowHandles()" to get the handles of all opened windows by webdriver and then we can use that window handle to switch from from one window to another window. Example Syntax for getting window handles is as bellow. Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); WebDriver.switchTo().window() WebDriver.switchTo().window() method is useful to switch from one window to another window of software web application. Example syntax is as bellow. driver.switchTo().window(window2); Bellow given webdriver example of switching window will explain you it deeply. Execute it in your eclipse and try to understand how webdriver do it. Copy bellow given @Test method part of handling multiple windows of webdriver and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//b[contains(.,'Open New Page')]")).click(); // Get and store both window handles in array Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]; System.out.print("window1 handle code = "+AllWindowHandles.toArray() [0]); String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; System.out.print("\nwindow2 handle code = "+AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]);

//Switch to window2(child window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window2); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Bike']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Car']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Boat']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='male']")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Switch to window1(parent window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window1); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//option[@id='country6']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='female']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Once Again switch to window2(child window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window2); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("Name Changed"); Thread.sleep(5000); driver.close(); //Once Again switch to window1(parent window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window1); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='male']")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); } How To Get/Extract All Links From Web Page Using Selenium WebDriver As we all knows, Each and every software web application contains many number of different links/URLs. Some of them are redirecting to some page of same website and others are redirecting to any external website. One of my blog reader has requested the webdriver test script example for printing all these links in console. I have created and published many different WEBDRIVER EXAMPLE SCRIPTS on this blog but requested example by blog reader is not pushed till now so I have created example for the same to share with all of you.

You can look at example of EXTRACTING TABLE DATA USING SELENIUM WEBDRIVER. We have seen HOW TO USE findElements in webdriver to locate multiple elements of page. We can use same thing here to locate multiple links of the page. Bellow given example will retrieve all URLs from the page and will print all of them in console. You can click on each URL if you wish to do so. Try bellow given example for different websites by providing that website's URL in @Before annotation. Copy bellow given @Test method part of extract all links from web page and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { try { List no = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a")); int nooflinks = no.size(); System.out.println(nooflinks); for (WebElement pagelink : no) { String linktext = pagelink.getText(); String link = pagelink.getAttribute("href"); System.out.println(linktext+" ->"); System.out.println(link); } }catch (Exception e){ System.out.println("error "+e); } } THIS LINK will show you many other basic action command examples. Selenium WebDriver Tutorials - Basic Action Commands And Operations With Examples I have already posted Selenium WebDrier Tutorials posts how to setup web driver with eclipse and Run first test with webdriver, how to configure junit with eclipse to generate webdriver test report. We have also learn different methods of locating elements in webdriver. All these things are very basic things and you need to learn all of them before starting your test case creation in selenium 2. Now we are ready to learn next step of performing basic actions in web driver with java for your software web application.

VIEW STEP BY STEP TUTORIALS ON SELENIUM WEBDRIVER Today I wants to describe you few basic webdriver commands to perform actions on web element of your web page. We can perform too many command operations in webdriver and will look about them one by one in near future. Right now I am describing you few of them for your kind information. 1. Creating New Instance Of Firefox Driver WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); Above given syntax will create new instance of Firefox driver. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE 2. Command To Open URL In Browser driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); This syntax will open specified URL in web browser. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF OPEN URL 3. Clicking on any element or button of webpage driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click(); Above given syntax will click on targeted element in webdriver. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF CLICK ON ELEMENT

4. Store text of targeted element in variable String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText(); This syntax will retrieve text from targeted element and will store it in variable = dropdown. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF Get Text 5. Typing text in text box or text area. driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name"); Above syntax will type specified text in targeted element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF SendKeys 6. Applying Implicit wait in webdriver driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); This syntax will force webdriver to wait for 15 second if element not found on page. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF IMPLICIT WAIT 7. Applying Explicit wait in webdriver with WebDriver canned conditions. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath( "//div[@id='timeLeft']"), "Time left: 7 seconds")); Above 2 syntax will wait for till 15 seconds for expected text "Time left: 7 seconds" to be appear on targeted element. VIWE DIFFERENT PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF EXPLICIT WAIT 8. Get page title in selenium webdriver driver.getTitle(); It will retrieve page title and you can store it in variable to use in next steps. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GET TITLE 9. Get Current Page URL In Selenium WebDriver driver.getCurrentUrl(); It will retrieve current page URL and you can use it to compare with your expected URL. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GET CURRENT URL 10. Get domain name using java script executor JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String CurrentURLUsingJS=(String)javascript.executeScript("return document.domain"); Above syntax will retrieve your software application's domain name using webdriver's java script executor interface and store it in to variable. VIEW GET DOMAIN NAME PRACTICAL EXAMPLE.

11. Generate alert using webdriver's java script executor interface JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; javascript.executeScript("alert('Test Case Execution Is started Now..');"); It will generate alert during your selenium webdriver test case execution. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF GENERATE ALERT USING SELENIUM WEBDRIVER. 12. Selecting or Deselecting value from drop down in selenium webdriver. 

Select By Visible Text

Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist"))); mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi"); It will select value from drop down list using visible text value = "Audi". 

Select By Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByValue("Italy"); It will select value by value = "Italy". 

Select By Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.selectByIndex(0); It will select value by index= 0(First option). VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF SELECTING VALUE FROM DROP DOWN LIST. 

Deselect by Visible Text

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia"); It will deselect option by visible text = Russia from list box. 

Deselect by Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico"); It will deselect option by value = Mexico from list box. 

Deselect by Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectByIndex(5); It will deselect option by Index = 5 from list box. 

Deselect All

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); listbox.deselectAll(); It will remove all selections from list box. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF DESELECT SPECIFIC OPTION FROM LIST BOX 

isMultiple()

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']"))); boolean value = listbox.isMultiple(); It will return true if select box is multiselect else it will return false.VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF isMultiple() 13. Navigate to URL or Back or Forward in Selenium Webdriver driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); driver.navigate().back(); driver.navigate().forward(); 1st command will navigate to specific URL, 2nd will navigate one step back and 3rd command will navigate one step forward. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF NAVIGATION COMMANDS. 14. Verify Element Present in Selenium WebDriver Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0; It will return true if element is present on page, else it will return false in variable iselementpresent. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF VERIFY ELEMENT PRESENT. 15. Capturing entire page screenshot in Selenium WebDriver File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg")); It will capture page screenshot and store it in your D: drive. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE ON THIS PAGE.

16. Generating Mouse Hover Event In WebDriver Actions actions = new Actions(driver); WebElement moveonmenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1']/div")); actions.moveToElement(moveonmenu); actions.perform(); Above example will move mouse on targeted element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF MOUSE HOVER. 17. Handling Multiple Windows In Selenium WebDriver. 1. Get All Window Handles. Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); 2. Extract parent and child window handle from all window handles. String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]; String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; 3. Use window handle to switch from one window to other window. driver.switchTo().window(window2); Above given steps with helps you to get window handle and then how to switch from one window to another window. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF HANDLING MULTIPLE WINDOWS IN WEBDRIVER 18. Check Whether Element is Enabled Or Disabled In Selenium Web driver. boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); Above syntax will verify that element (text box) fname is enabled or not. You can use it for any input element. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF VERIFY ELEMENT IS ENABLED OR NOT. 19. Enable/Disable Textbox During Selenium Webdriver Test Case Execution. JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname') [0].setAttribute('disabled', '');"; javascript.executeScript(todisable); String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname') [0].removeAttribute('disabled');"; javascript.executeScript(toenable);

It will disable fname element using setAttribute() method and enable lname element using removeAttribute() method. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF ENABLE/DISABLE TEXTBOX. 20. Selenium WebDriver Assertions With TestNG Framework 

assertEquals

Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected); assertEquals assertion helps you to assert actual and expected equal values. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertEquals ASSERTION 

assertNotEquals

Assert.assertNotEquals(actual, expected); assertNotEquals assertion is useful to assert not equal values. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertNotEquals ASSERTION. 

assertTrue

Assert.assertTrue(condition); assertTrue assertion works for boolean value true assertion. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertTrue ASSERTION. 

assertFalse

Assert.assertFalse(condition); assertFalse assertion works for boolean value false assertion. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF assertFalse ASSERTION. 21. Submit() method to submit form driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit(); It will submit the form. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF SUBMIT FORM. 22. Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompts Popups String myalert = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); To store alert text. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF STORE ALERT TEXT driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); To accept alert. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF ALERT ACCEPT driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss(); To dismiss confirmation. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF CANCEL CONFIRMATION

driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("This Is John"); * Navigating Back And Forward Selenium WebDriver : How To Navigate URL, Forward and Backward With Example In my earlier posts, we have learnt few BASIC ACTION COMMANDS of selenium WebDriver with examples. You will have to use them on daily basis for you software web application's webdriver test case preparation. It is very important for you to use them on right time and right place. Now let we learn 3 more action commands of webdriver. 1. driver.navigate().to If you wants to navigate on specific page or URL in between your test then you can use driver.navigate().to command as bellow. driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); 2. driver.navigate().back(); This command is useful to go back on previous page. Same as we are clicking browser back button. You can use this command as bellow. In Selenium IDE, we can use "goBack" to perform same action. driver.navigate().back(); 3. driver.navigate().forward(); Same as we are clicking on forward button of browser. Bellow given example will cover all three commands. Execute it in your eclipse to know them practically. Copy bellow given @Test method part of driver.navigate() command examples and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); //To navigate back (Same as clicking on browser back button) driver.navigate().back(); //To navigate forward (Same as clicking on browser forward button) driver.navigate().forward();

} * Verify Element Present Selenium WebDriver : Verify Element Present In Selenium WebDriver Some times you need to verify the presence of element before taking some action on software web application page. As you know, Selenium IDE has many built in commands to perform different types of actions on your software web application page. You can verify presence of element by using "verifyElementPresent" command in selenium IDE. Also you can view example of selenium IDE "verifyElementNotPresent" command. Web driver have not any built in method or interface by which we can verify presence of element on the page. Yes we can do it very easily in WebDriver too using bellow given syntax. Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0; We have to use findElements() method for this purpose. Above syntax will return true if element is present on page. Else it will return false. You can put if condition to take action based on presence of element. Bellow given example will check the presence of different text box on page. It will print message in console based on presence of element. Copy bellow given @Test method part of iselementpresent example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { for (int i=1; i<6; i++) { //To verify element is present on page or not. String XPath = "//input[@id='text"+i+"']"; Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath(XPath)).size()! = 0; if (iselementpresent == true) { System.out.print("\nTargeted TextBox"+i+" Is Present On The Page"); } else { System.out.print("\nTargeted Text Box"+i+" Is Not Present On The Page");

} } } * Capturing Entire Page Screenshot Selenium Webdriver Tutorial To Capture Screenshot With Example Capturing screenshot of software web application page is very easy in selenium webdriver. As we knows, It is very basic required thing in automation tools to capture screenshot on test case failure or whenever required during test case execution. VIEW MORE SELENIUM WEBDRIVER BASIC COMMANDS for your webdriver knowledge improvement and use them in your software web application test case creation.

If you remember, We can use "captureEntirePageScreenshot" command in selenium IDE to capture the screenshot on software web application current page. In Selenium WebDriver/Selenium 2, we need to capture screenshot of web page using bellow syntax. File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); Then we have to store it in our local drive using bellow given syntax. You can change/provide your own file destination path and name. FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg")); Now we need to import bellow given header files to get support of capture screenshot in webdriver. import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType; import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot; Copy bellow given @Test method part of Capture screen shot webdriver example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. Don't forget to import above given header files in your eclipse test.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException, IOException { //Capture entire page screenshot and then store it to destination drive File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg"));

System.out.print("Screenshot is captured and stored in your D: Drive"); } You can put above syntax under catch block of try to capture screenshot on failure. * Generating Mouse Hover Event

Selenium WebDriver : Generating Mouse Hover Event On Main Menu To Click On Sub Menu Selenium WebDriver is totally freeware testing tool and we can use it for software web application regression purpose. Hovering mouse on main menu or any other element of web page or simulating mouse movement in webdriver is not very tough task. As you know, We can perform most of actions and operations directly in webdriver and you can VIEW FEW OF THEM ON THIS PAGE. But there are also some actions which we can not perform directly in webdriver and to perform them, we need to use some tricky ways. Generating mouse hover event is one of them. To generate mouse hover event in webdriver, We can use advanced user interactions API constructor "Actions" with "moveToElement" method. Bunch of syntax to hover mouse on main menu is as bellow. You can replace xpath of an element as per your requirement in bellow given syntax. Actions actions = new Actions(driver); WebElement moveonmenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1']/div")); actions.moveToElement(moveonmenu); actions.perform(); Above example will only move mouse on targeted element. It will not perform click operation. To perform click operation on sub menu, we need to use click() action before perform() as shown in bellow example. package junitreportpackage;

import java.io.IOException; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test;

import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class Mytesting { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/p/mouse-hover.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException, IOException { //Generate mouse hover event on main menu to click on sub menu Actions actions = new Actions(driver); WebElement moveonmenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1']/div")); actions.moveToElement(moveonmenu).moveToElement(driver.findElement (By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1choices']/a"))).click().perform(); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Google")); } } * Handling Multiple Windows Example of Handling Multiple Browser Windows in Selenium WebDriver Selenium WebDriver has built in "WebDriver.switchTo().window()" method available to switch from one window to another window so it is very easy to handle multiple windows in webdriver. If you remember, We can use "selectWindow" window command in selenium IDE to select another window. If window do not have any title or both window has same title then it was very difficult to

select other window in selenium IDE. WebDriver has made it very easy. You can handle multiple windows even if all the windows do not have any title or contains same title. WebDriver.getWindowHandles() In WebDriver, We can use "WebDriver.getWindowHandles()" to get the handles of all opened windows by webdriver and then we can use that window handle to switch from from one window to another window. Example Syntax for getting window handles is as bellow. Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); WebDriver.switchTo().window() WebDriver.switchTo().window() method is useful to switch from one window to another window of software web application. Example syntax is as bellow. driver.switchTo().window(window2); Bellow given webdriver example of switching window will explain you it deeply. Execute it in your eclipse and try to understand how webdriver do it. Copy bellow given @Test method part of handling multiple windows of webdriver and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//b[contains(.,'Open New Page')]")).click(); // Get and store both window handles in array Set AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]; System.out.print("window1 handle code = "+AllWindowHandles.toArray() [0]); String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; System.out.print("\nwindow2 handle code = "+AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]); //Switch to window2(child window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window2); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Bike']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Car']")).click();

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Boat']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='male']")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Switch to window1(parent window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window1); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//option[@id='country6']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='female']")).click(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); Thread.sleep(5000); //Once Again switch to window2(child window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window2); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("Name Changed"); Thread.sleep(5000); driver.close(); //Once Again switch to window1(parent window) and performing actions on it. driver.switchTo().window(window1); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='male']")).click(); Thread.sleep(5000); } * Verify Element Is Enabled Or Not

How To Verify Element Is Enabled Or Disabled in Selenium WebDriver During your Selenium WebDriver test case creation, frequently you need to verify that your targeted element is enabled or disabled before performing action on it. Webdriver has built in method isEnabled() to check the element enable status. Verification of element is disable and verification of element invisible is totally different. Element is disabled means it is visible but not editable and element is invisible means it is hidden. VIEW THIS EXAMPLE to know how to wait till element is visible on the page. isEnabled() isEnabled() webdriver method will verify and return true if specified element is enabled. Else it will return false. Generic syntax to store and print element's status value is as bellow.

boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); We can use isEnabled() method with if condition to take action based on element's enabled status. Bellow given example will explain you deeply about isEnabled() webdriver method. If you are selenium IDE user then VIEW THIS POST to know how to wait for targeted element becomes editable. Copy bellow given @Test method part of check element enabled status and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws BiffException, IOException, InterruptedException { boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print(fname); WebElement firstname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")); WebElement lastname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")); //Verify First name text box is enabled or not and then print related message. if(firstname.isEnabled()) { System.out.print("\nText box First name is enabled. Take your action."); } else { System.out.print("\nText box First name is disabled. Take your action."); } //Verify Last name text box is enabled or not and then print related message. if(lastname.isEnabled()) { System.out.print("\nText box Last name is enabled. Take your action."); } else { System.out.print("\nText box Last name is disabled. Take your action."); } }

Above given example, will check the status of First name and Last name text box and print message in console based on element is enabled or disabled. * Enable/Disable Element How To Enable/Disable Textbox In Selenium WebDriver On The Fly We can know element's enabled/disabled status very easily using isEnabled() method in selenium webdriver as described in THIS EXAMPLE POST. Now supposing you have a scenario where you wants to enable any disabled text box or disable any enabled text box then how to do it? Webdriver do not have any built in method by which you perform this action. But yes, Webdriver has JavascriptExecutor interface by which we can execute any javascript using executeScript() method. I have posted many posts on how to execute javascript in selenium webdriver to perform different actions. You can view all those example on THIS LINK. Same way, we can enable or disable any element using JavascriptExecutor interface during webdriver test case execution. To disable text box, we will use html dom setAttribute() method and to enable text box, we will use html dom removeAttribute() method with executeScript() method. Javascript syntax for both of these is as bellow. document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', ''); document.getElementsByName('lname')[0].removeAttribute('disabled'); Now let we use both these javascripts practically to understand them better. VIEW THIS POST to see how to enable or disable text box in selenium IDE. Copy bellow given @Test method part of enable or disable element and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws BiffException, IOException, InterruptedException { boolean fbefore = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nBefore : First Name Text box enabled status is : "+fbefore); boolean lbefore = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nBefore : Last Name Text box enabled status is : "+lbefore);

Thread.sleep(2000); //To disable First Name text box JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname') [0].setAttribute('disabled', '');"; javascript.executeScript(todisable); Thread.sleep(2000); //To enable Last Name text box String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname') [0].removeAttribute('disabled');"; javascript.executeScript(toenable); Thread.sleep(3000); boolean fafter = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nAfter : First Name Text box enabled status is : "+fafter); boolean lafter = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).isEnabled(); System.out.print("\nAfter : Last Name Text box enabled status is : "+lafter); } * Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompt popup Selenium WebDriver : Handling Javascript Alerts, Confirmations And Prompts Alerts, Confirmation and Prompts are very commonly used elements of any webpage and you must know how to handle all these popups In selenium webdriver. If you know, Selenium IDE has many commands to handle alerts, confirmations and prompt popups like assertAlert, assertConfirmation, storeAlert, verifyAlertPresent, etc.. First of all, Let me show you all three different popup types to remove confusion from your mind and then we will see how to handle them In selenium webdriver. Alert Popup Generally alert message popup display with alert text and Ok button as shown In bellow given Image.

Confirmation Popup Confirmation popup displays with confirmation text, Ok and Cancel button as shown In bellow given Image.

Prompt Popup Prompts will have prompt text, Input text box, Ok and Cancel buttons.

Selenium webdriver has Its own Alert Interface to handle all above different popups. Alert Interface has different methods like accept(), dismiss(), getText(), sendKeys(java.lang.String keysToSend) and we can use all these methods to perform different actions on popups. VIEW WEBDRIVER EXAMPLES STEP BY STEP Look at the bellow given simple example of handling alerts, confirmations and prompts In selenium webdriver. Bellow given example will perform different actions (Like click on Ok button, Click on cancel button, retrieve

alert text, type text In prompt text box etc..)on all three kind of popups using different methods od Alert Interface. Run bellow given example In eclipse with testng and observe the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.Alert; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class unexpected_alert { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver =new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Text() throws InterruptedException { //Alert Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); //To locate alert. Alert A1 = driver.switchTo().alert(); //To read the text from alert popup. String Alert1 = A1.getText(); System.out.println(Alert1); Thread.sleep(2000); //To accept/Click Ok on alert popup. A1.accept(); //Confirmation Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[@onclick='myFunction()']")).click(); Alert A2 = driver.switchTo().alert();

String Alert2 = A2.getText(); System.out.println(Alert2); Thread.sleep(2000); //To click On cancel button of confirmation box. A2.dismiss(); //Prompt Pop up Handling. driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(.,'Show Me Prompt')]")).click(); Alert A3 = driver.switchTo().alert(); String Alert3 = A3.getText(); System.out.println(Alert3); //To type text In text box of prompt pop up. A3.sendKeys("This Is John"); Thread.sleep(2000); A3.accept(); } } This way you can handle different kind of alerts very easily using Alert Interface of selenium webdriver. NEXT POST will show you how to handle unexpected alerts In selenium webdriver. * Handle Unexpected Alert How To Handle Unexpected Alerts In Selenium WebDriver Some times when we browsing software web application, Display some unexpected alerts due to some error or some other reasons. This kind of alerts not display every time but they are displaying only some time. If you have created webdriver test case for such page and not handled this kind of alerts In your code then your script will fail Immediately If such unexpected alert pop up displayed. We have already learnt, How to handle expected alert popups In selenium webdriver In THIS EXAMPLE. Now unexpected alert appears only some times so we can not write direct code to accept or dismiss that alert. In this kind of situation, we have to handle them specially. You can VIEW ALL WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS ONE BY ONE. To handle this kind of unexpected alerts, You must at least aware about on which action such unexpected alert Is generated. Sometimes, They are generated during page load and sometime they are generated when you perform some action. So first of all we have to note down the action where such unexpected alert Is generated and then we can check for alert after performing that action. We need to use try catch block for checking such unexpected alters because If we will use direct code(without try catch) to accept or dismiss alert and If alert not appears then our test case will fail. try catch can handle both situations.

I have one example where alert Is displaying when loading page. So we can check for alert Inside try catch block after page load as shown In bellow given example. After loading page, It will check for alert. If alert Is there on the page then It will dismiss It else It will go to catch block and print message as shown In bellow given example. Run bellow given example In eclipse with testng and observe the result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class unexpected_alert { WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver =new FirefoxDriver(); driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/06/alert_6.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } @Test public void Text() throws InterruptedException { //To handle unexpected alert on page load. try{ driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("unexpected alert not present"); } driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("fname ");

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).sendKeys("lname "); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='submit']")).click(); } } Above given webdriver code Is just for example. It Is just explaining the way of using try catch block to handle unexpected alert. You can use such try catch block In that area where you are facing unexpected alerts very frequently. Day 6 - WebDriver Wait For Examples Using JUnit And Eclipse 10. How to apply implicit wait in selenium WebDriver script How to use implicit wait in selenium webdriver and why There are 2 types of waits available in Webdriver/Selenium 2. One of them is implicit wait and another one is explicit wait. Both (Implicit wait and explicit wait) are useful for waiting in WebDriver. Using waits, we are telling WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time before going to next step. We will see about explicit wait in my upcoming posts. In this post let me tell you why and how to use implicit wait in webdriver. Why Need Implicit Wait In WebDriver As you knows sometimes, some elements takes some time to appear on page when browser is loading the page. In this case, sometime your webdriver test will fail if you have not applied Implicit wait in your test case. If implicit wait is applied in your test case then webdriver will wait for specified amount of time if targeted element not appears on page. As you know, we can Set default timeout or use "setTimeout" command in selenium IDE which is same as implicit wait in webdriver. If you write implicit wait statement in you webdriver script then it will be applied automatically to all elements of your test case. I am suggesting you to use Implicit wait in your all test script of software web application with 10 to 15 seconds. In webdriver, Implicit wait statement is as bellow. How To Write Implicit Wait In WebDriver driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Above statement will tell webdriver to wait for 15 seconds if targeted element not found/not appears on page. Le we look at simple exemple to understand implicit wait better.

Copy bellow given @Test method part and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that example). @Test public void test () { driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']")); } In Above webdriver test case with JUnit example, 1st Element 'xpath("//input[@name='fname']")' will be found on page but element xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']") is not there on page. So in this case webdriver will wait for 15 to locate that element on page because we have written implicit wait statement in our code. At last webdriver test will fail because xpath("//input[@name='namexyz']") is not on the page. 11.WebDriverExamples How to wait for element to be clickable in selenium webdriver using explicit wait In my previous post, We have seen how to wait implicitly in selenium webdriver. Let me remind you one thing is implicit wait will be applied to all elements of test case by default while explicit will be applied to targeted element only. This is the difference between implicit wait and explicit wait. Still i am suggesting you to use implicit wait in your test script. If you knows, In selenium IDE we can use "waitForElementPresent" or "verifyElementPresent" to wait for or verify that element is present or not on page. In selenium webdriver, we can do same thing using explicit wait of elementToBeClickable(By locator). Full syntax is as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#sub mitButton"))); Here above syntax will wait till 15 seconds to become targeted element(#submitButton) clickable if it is not clickable or not loaded on the page of software web application. As soon as targeted element becomes clickable, webdriver will go for perform next action. You can increase or decrease webdriver wait time from 15. Let me give you practical example for the element to be clickable.

package junitreportpackage; import import import import import import import import import import import import import import import import import

java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; java.io.FileInputStream; java.io.IOException; jxl.Sheet; jxl.Workbook; jxl.read.biff.BiffException; org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class Mytest1 { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test () { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); //Wait for element to be clickable WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#sub mitButton"))); driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#submitButton")).click();

} public void HighlightMyElement(WebElement element) { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; javascript.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);", element, "color: orange; border: 4px solid orange;"); javascript.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);", element, "color: pink; border: 4px solid pink;"); javascript.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);", element, "color: yellow; border: 4px solid yellow;"); javascript.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);", element, ""); } } } Run above given example of wait for element to be clickable in selenium webdriver in your eclipse with junit. Click here to view different posts on how to use junit with eclipse for your webdriver test. *WaitForText WebDriver - wait for text to be present with example using explicit wait Some times you need to wait for text, wait for element, wait for alert before performing actions in your regular test cases. Generally we need to use this types of conditions in our test case when software web application page is navigating from one page to other page. In my previous post, we have seen how to write and use wait for element syntax in our test case. Now let we see how can we force webdriver to wait if expected text is not displayed on targeted element. As you know, we can use "waitForText" or "waitForTextPresent" commands in selenium IDE to wait till targeted text appears on page or element. In webdriver, we can use syntax as shown bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath( "//div[@id='timeLeft']"), "Time left: 7 seconds")); Look in to above syntax. Here i have used textToBePresentInElementLocated(By, String) to wait till expected text appears on targeted element. So here what WebDriver will do is it will check for expected text on targeted element on every 500 milliseconds and will execute next step as soon as expected text appears on targeted element. Run bellow given practical example.in eclipse and see how it works.

Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait for text example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("alpes h"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#sub mitButton1"))); driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#submitButton")).click(); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath( "//div[@id='timeLeft']"), "Time left: 7 seconds")); } In above example, When WebDriver clicks on #submitButton page will be refreshed and then WebDriver will wait for text = "Time left: 7 seconds" on targeted element WebDriver how to wait for alert in selenium 2 As we have seen in my previous posts, we can use textToBePresentInElementLocated(By, String) WebDriver condition to wait for text present on page and we can use elementToBeClickable(By locator) to wait for element clickable/present on page. If you read both those posts, We had used explicit waits in both the cases and both are canned expected conditions of webdriver so we can use them directly in our test case without any modifications. Sometimes you will face wait for alert scenario where you have to wait for alert before performing any action on your software application web page. If you know, we can use "waitForAlert" command in selenium IDE to handle alerts. In WebDriver/Selenium 2, You can use WebDriver's built in canned condition alertIsPresent() with wait command as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()); Look in to above syntax. 1st syntax described how much time it has to wait and 2nd syntax describes the waiting condition. Here we have used alertIsPresent() condition so it will wait for the alert on page. Let me give you full practical example to describe scenario perfectly.

Copy paste bellow given test case in your eclipse with JUnit and then run it. You can View how to configure eclipse with JUnit if you have no idea. package junitreportpackage; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import import import import import

org.junit.After; org.junit.Before; org.junit.Test; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class Mytest1 { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @Before public void beforetest() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/newtesting.html"); } @After public void aftertest() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void test () { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()); String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); System.out.print(alrt); }

} Above example will wait for the alert on page and as soon as alert appears

on page, it will store alert text in variable 'alrt' and then will print to it in console. Selenium WebDriver wait for title with example WebDriver has many Canned Expected Conditions by which we can force webdriver to wait explicitly. However Implicit wait is more practical than explicit wait in WebDriver. But in some special cases where implicit wait is not able to handle your scenario then in that case you need to use explicit waits in your test cases. You can view different posts on explicit waits where I have described WebDriver's different Canned Expected conditions with examples. If you have a scenario where you need to wait for title then you can use titleContains(java.lang.String title) with webdriver wait. You need to provide some part of your expected software web application page title with this condition as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(": MyTest")); In above syntax, ": MyTest" is my web page's expected title and 15 seconds is max waiting time to appear title on web page. If title will not appears within 15 seconds due to the any reason then your test case will fails with timeout error. First run bellow given test case in your eclipse and then try same test case for your own software application. Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait for title example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on this page. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page).

@Test public void test () { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Click Here')]")).click(); //Wait for page title WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(": MyTest")); //Get and store page title in to variable

String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print(title); } In above example, when webdriver will click on Click Here link, another page will open. During page navigation, webdriver will wait for expected page title. Selenium WebDriver : How to wait till element visible or appear or present on page In any software web application's webdriver test case, you can easily wait for presence of element using IMPLICIT WAIT. If you have used implicit wait in your test case then you do not require to write any extra conditional statement to wait for element visibility. But in some cases, if any element is taking too much time to be visible on page then you can use EXPLICIT WAIT condition in your test case. If you have a scenario to wait till element visible on page then selenium webdriver/Selenium 2 has its own method named visibilityOfElementLocated(By locator) to check the visibility of element on page. We can use this method with explicit webdriver wait condition to wait till element visible of present on page. However, we can wait for element to be clickable using elementToBeClickable(By locator) method as described in THIS ARTICLE. Syntax to wait till element visible on page is as bellow. It will wait max 15 seconds for element. As soon as element visible on page, webdriver will go for executing next statement. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input [@id='text3']"))); Here is practical example of wait for element visible. Execute it once and then use it for your software web application test scenario. Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait for visibility of element located example and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE.(Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException, IOException { //To wait for element visible WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input [@id='text3']"))); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text3']")).sendKeys("Text box is visible now"); System.out.print("Text box text3 is now visible"); } How to apply wait in webdriver till element becomes invisible or hidden As you know, WebDriver is software web application regression testing tool and you will face many problems during your webdriver test case creation and execution. You must knows alternate solution if one not works for your test scenario. For example, you have used IMPLICIT WAIT in your test case but if it is not sufficient to handle your condition of waiting till element becomes invisible from page then you can use it's alternative way of using EXPLICIT WAIT in your test case. In my PREVIOUS POST, I have describe use of visibilityOfElementLocated(By locator) method with explicit wait to wait till element becomes visible (not hidden) on page. Now let we look at opposite side. If you wants webdriver to wait till element becomes invisible or hidden from page then we can use invisibilityOfElementLocated(By locator) method with wait condition. Syntax for wait till element invisible from page is as bellow. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//inp ut[@id='text4']"))); In above syntax, you can change webdriver wait time from 15 to 20, 30 or more as per your requirement. Also you can use any OTHER ELEMENT LOCATING METHODS except By.xpath. Practical example of webdriver wait till element becomes invisible is as bellow. Copy bellow given @Test method part of wait till element invisible and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException, IOException { //Wait for element invisible WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//inp ut[@id='text4']"))); System.out.print("Text box text4 is now invisible"); } Day 7 - WebDriver Other Examples 12. WebDriver Other Examples Selenium WebDriver : Difference Between findElement and findElements with example We have seen many examples of webdriver's findElement() in my previous posts. You will find syntax of findElement() with example on THIS PAGE if you wants to use it in your software web application test case. Selenium WebDriver has one more related command findElements. Now main question is what is the difference between findElement and findElements methods in selenium 2? First of all let me provide you difference description and then example. findElement() method 

We need to use findElement method frequently in our webdriver test case because this is the only way to locate any element in webdriver.

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findElement method is useful to locating targeted single element.

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If targeted element is not found on the page then it will throw NoSuchElementException.

findElements() method 

We are using findElements method just occasionally.

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findElements method will return list of all the matching elements from current page as per given element locator mechanism.

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If not found any element on current page as per given element locator mechanism, it will return empty list.

Now let me provide you simple practical example of findElement method and findElements method to show you clear difference. You can VIEW ALL PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF SELENIUM WEBDRIVER one by one. Copy bellow given @Test method part of findElement and findElements method examples and replace it with the @Test method part of example given on THIS PAGE. (Note : @Test method is marked with pink color in that linked page). @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { WebElement option = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//option[@id='country5']")); System.out.print(option.getAttribute("id")+" - "+option.getText()); List options= driver.findElements(By.xpath("//option")); System.out.println(options.size()); for(int i=0;i<=options.size();i++) { String str = options.get(i).getAttribute("id")+" "+options.get(i).getText(); System.out.println(str); } } In above example, findElement will locate only targeted element and then print its id and text in console while findElements will locate all those elements of current page which are under given xpath = //option. for loop is used to print all those element's id and text in console. Same way you can locate all input elements, link elements etc.. using findElements method. How To Generate And Insert Log In Selenium Webdriver Using log4j Jar Assume you have prepared test case for your software web application test scenario (using selenium webdriver with eclipse and junit) and now you wants generate log file to insert your execution time log messages in to it. How you will do it? Selenium webdriver do not have any built in function or method to generate log file. In this case you can use apache logging service. Let me describe you steps to generate log file in selenium webdriver. Steps To Generate And Insert Log In Selenium Webdriver 1. Download log4j jar file from logging.apache.org

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Click Here to go to log4j jar file downloading page. (This Link URL may change in future).

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Click on Zip folder link as shown in bellow image. Current version of log4j jar file is log4j-1.2.17. Version of log4j jar file may be different in future due to the frequent version change.

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When you click on zip folder link, it will show you zip mirror links to download folder. Download and save zip folder by clicking on mirror link.

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Now Extract that zip folder and look inside that extracted folder. You will find log4j-1.2.17.jar file in it.

2. Import log4j-1.2.17.jar file in your eclipse project from 

Right click on your project folder and go to Build Path -> Configure Build path. It will open java build path window as shown in bellow image.

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Click on Add External JARs button and select log4j-1.2.17.jar file. It will add log4j-1.2.17.jar file in your build path.

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Click on OK button to close java build path window.

3. Create Properties folder under your project folder and add log4j.properties file in it. 

Create folder with name = Properties under your project by right clicking on your project folder.

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Click Here to download log4j.properties file and save it in Properties folder which is created under your project folder.

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Now your properties folder under project folder will looks like bellow.

4. Set Run Configuration This is optional step. You need to set your Run configure if log file is not generated and display bellow given warning message in your console when you run your test case. log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (dao.hsqlmanager). 

Go to Run -> Run Configurations -> Classpath

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Select User Entries -> Click on 'Advanced' button -> Select Add Folder -> And then select Properties folder from your project and click on OK. Now your Class tab will looks like bellow.

5. Create example(Sample) test case under your project. Create your own test case or copy example test case from here and paste it in your class file. 6. Import log4j header file in your project Import bellow given header file in your test case class file. import org.apache.log4j.*; 7. Replace bellow given syntax in your class file and Run your test case. @Test public void test () throws InterruptedException { Logger log; driver.findElement(By.id("text1")).sendKeys("My First Name"); log = Logger.getLogger(Mytesting.class); log.info("Type In Text field."); Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist"))); mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi"); log = Logger.getLogger(Mytesting.class); log.info("Select value from drop down."); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("text2"))); } When your test case is executed, Go to folder = C:\Logs. log.log file will be created over there. Open that file and look in to it. Log written in your test case will be inserted in your log file. In above example, Syntax marked with Pink color are written for inserting log. Now you can write log at any place in your test case as shown in above example. Creating Object Repository Using Properties File In Selenium WebDriver In selenium WebDriver, There Is not any built In facility to create object repository. So maintenance of page objects(Page element locators)

becomes very hard If you will write all objects of page on code level. Let me give you one simple example - You have one search button and you have used It(Using Id locator) In many of your test cases. Now supposing someone has changed Its Id In your application then what you will do? You will go for replacing Id of that element In all test cases wherever It Is used? It will create overhead for you. Simple solution to remove this overhead Is creating object repository using properties File support of java. In properties file, First we can write element locator of web element and then we can use It In our test cases. Let us try to create object repository for simple calculator application given on THIS PAGE and then will try to create test case for that calc application using object repository.. How to create new properties file To create new properties file, Right click on your project package -> New -> Other .

It will open New wizard. Expand General folder In New wizard and select File and click on Next button.

Give file name objects.properties on next window and click on Finish button.

It will add object.properties file under your package. Now copy paste bellow given lines in objects.properties file. So now this objects.properties file Is object repository for your web application page calc. objects.properties file #Created unique key for Id of all web elements. # Example 'one' Is key and '1' Is ID of web element button 1. one=1 two=2 three=3

four=4 five=5 six=6 seven=7 eight=8 nine=9 zero=0 equalsto=equals cler=AC result=Resultbox plus=plus minus=minus mul=multiply In above file, Left side value Is key and right side value Is element locator(by Id) of all web elements of web calculator. You can use other element locator methods too like xpath, css ect.. VISIT THIS LINK to view different element locator methods of webdriver. Now let us create webdriver test case to perform some operations on calculation. In bellow given example, All the element locators are coming from objects.properties file using obj.getProperty(key). Here key Is reference of element locator value in objects.properties file. package ObjectRepo; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Properties; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CalcTest { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeMethod public void openbrowser() throws IOException { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/04/calc.html"); } @AfterMethod public void closebrowser() {

driver.quit(); } @Test public void Calc_Operations() throws IOException{ //Create Object of Properties Class. Properties obj = new Properties(); //Create Object of FileInputStream Class. Pass file path. FileInputStream objfile = new FileInputStream(System.getProperty("user.dir") +"\\src\\ObjectRepo\\objects.properties"); //Pass object reference objfile to load method of Properties object. obj.load(objfile); //Sum operation on calculator. //Accessing element locators of all web elements using obj.getProperty(key) driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("eight"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("plus"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("four"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("equalsto"))).click(); String i = driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).getAttribute("value"); System.out.println(obj.getProperty("eight")+" + "+obj.getProperty("four")+" = "+i); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).clear(); //Subtraction operation on calculator. //Accessing element locators of all web elements using obj.getProperty(key) driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("nine"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("minus"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("three"))).click(); driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("equalsto"))).click(); String j = driver.findElement(By.id(obj.getProperty("result"))).getAttribute("value"); System.out.println(obj.getProperty("nine")+" - "+obj.getProperty("three") +" = "+j); } } Run above given example In your eclipse and observe execution. Now supposing I have many such test cases and some one has changed Id of any button of calc application then what I have to do? I have to modify all test cases? Answer Is No. I just need to modify objects.properties file because I have not use element's Id directly In any test case but I have Used just Its key reference In all test cases.

This way you can create object repository of all your web elements In one .properties file. You can VIEW MORE TUTORIALS about selenium webdriver. 14.SeleniumWebDriverTest think all those who are interested to attend webdriver interview should aware about few basic interview questions with their correct answers. I have created frequently asked webdriver/selenium 2 interview questions test. It is not only for interview purpose but it can improve your basic knowledge too. For detailed knowledge on webdriver/selenium 2, you can refer my webdriver tutorial posts one by one. Use of webdriver/Selenium 2 is increasing day by day and now many companies using webdriver for software application automation. Now webdriver is going to be essential element of software testing process. Many companies hiring webdriver professionals now a days so now it is important for all of us to know webdriver very closely. You can go through JUNIT WITH WEBDRIVER WEBDRIVER tutorials if you have any related query.

or

TESTNG

WITH

Go through this simple test, and i hope it will help you for your next interview preparation. Loading... Posted by P Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Day 8 - TestNG Framework Tutorials 15. Introduction Of TestNG Introduction Of TestNG - Unit Testing Framework For Selenium WebDriver TestNG is unit testing framework and it has been most popular in very sort time among java developers and selenium webdriver automation test engineers. I can say, TestNG has not only most of all the features of JUnit but also many more advanced features in terms of selenium webdriver testing framework. Basically, TestNG's development is inspired from combination of NUnit and JUnit. You can VIEW JUNIT WITH WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS AND EXAMPLES before going to learn TestNG framework. There are many new features in TestNG which makes it more powerful, stronger and easier to use. VIEW SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES between TestNG and JUnit. TestNG Major Features



TestNG has a built in multiple Before and After and other annotations like @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @BeforeGroups, @DataProvider, @Parameters, @Test etc.. All the TestNG annotations are very easy to understand and implement. We will look each and every annotation with detailed description in my latter posts.

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We can configure dependent test methods in TestNG means TestTwo() is dependent to TestOne(). We can also configure that if earlier test method (TestOne()) fails during execution then dependent test method(TestTwo()) has to be executed or not.

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There is not required to extend any class in TestNG.

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We can configure our test suite using test methods, classes, packages, groups, etc.. in single testng.xml file.

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Support of configuring test groups like backendtest-group, frontendtest-group etc.. and we can tell TestNG to execute only specific group/groups.

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TestNG is supported by many tools and plug-ins like Eclipse, Maven, IDEA, etc..

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TestNG support parallel testing, Parameterization (Passing parameters values through XML configuration), Data Driven Testing(executing same test method multiple times using different data) .

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TestNG has built in HTML report and XML report generation facility. It has also built in logging facility.

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TESTNG

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All these are major features of TestNG and some of them are available in JUnit too. I recommend you to use TestNG framework with WebDriver test because there are many useful features available in it compared to JUnit. Read my latter posts to learn TestNG framework with its detailed features. 16.TestNGInstallationSteps Steps Of Downloading And Installing Testng In Eclipse For WebDriver To use TestNG Framework in Eclipse, First of all we have to install it. Installation of TestNG in Eclipse is very easy process. As I described in my PREVIOUS POST, TestNG is very powerful and easy to use framework and it is supported by tools like Eclipse, Maven, IDEA, etc.. Here we are going to use TestNG

Framework with Eclipse so obviously you must have installed latest Java development kit (JDK) in your system and you must have Eclipse. CLICK HERE to view steps of downloading JDK and Eclipse. Once you have installed JDK and Eclipse in your system, You are ready to install TestNG in Eclipse. Bellow given steps will describe you how to install TestNG in Eclipse. TestNG Installation Steps In Eclipse Step 1 : Open Eclipse and go to Menu Help -> Install New Software.

It will open new software installation window as shown in bellow given image. Step 2 : In new software installation window, Type URL = http://beust.com/eclipse exactly in Work with field and click on Add button as shown in bellow given image.

It will show you option TestNG with check box. Select that check box and click on Next Button as shown in above image. When you click on Next button, it will check for requirements and dependency first.

When it completes requirement and dependency test, click on Next button. On Next screen, it will ask you to accept TestNg terms and license agreement. Accept it and click on Finish button as shown in bellow given image.

TestNG will take few minutes to finish its installation when you click on finish button. Step 3 : Now you need to verify that TestNG is installed in your eclipse or not. To verify Go to Eclipse's Menu Window -> Show View -> Others as shown in bellow given image.

It will open Show View window. Expand java folder as shown in bellow given image and verify that TestNG is available inside it or not. If it is there means TestNG is installed successfully in eclipse.

17.SimilaritiesandDifferenceBetweenTestNGandJUnit What Are The Similarities/Difference Between Junit and TestNG Framework For WebDriver As you know, JUnit and TestNG are very popular unit testing frameworks for java developers and we can use them in our webdriver test execution. Till now, I have described all WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS with junit framework. Many peoples are asking me to describe the similarities and difference between JUnit and TestNG Framework. First of all let me give you few similarities of JUnit and TestNG frameworks and then I will tell you difference between both of them. (Note : Bellow given similarities and differences are based on JUnit 4 version.) Similarities Between JUnit and TestNG 1. We can create test suite in JUnit and TestNG both frameworks. 2. Timeout Test Is possible very easily in both the frameworks. 3. We can ignore specific test case execution from suite in both the frameworks. 4. It is possible to create expected exception test in both the frameworks.

5. Annotations - Few annotations are similar in both frameworks suite like @Test, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass. JUnit's Annotations @Before and @After are similar to TestNG's @BeforeMethod and @AfterMethod annotations. Difference Between JUnit and TestNG 1. In TestNG, Parameterized test configuration is very easy while It is very hard to configure Parameterized test in JUnit. 2. TestNG support group test but it is not supported in JUnit. 3. TestNG has a feature to configure dependency test. Dependency test configuration is not possible in JUnit. 4. TestNG support @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeGroups, @AfterGroups which are not supported in JUnit. 5. Test prioritization, Parallel testing is possible in TestNG. It is not supported by JUnit. 6. View more features of TestNG @ THIS LINK . If you knows more differences or features then you can post it by commenting bellow. 18.CreateAndRunFirstTestNG-WebDriverTest How To Create And Run First TestNG-WebDriver Test Case In Eclipse Our next step to do is - TestNG test case creation in eclipse after installation of TestNG in eclipse. You can VIEW TESTNG INSTALLATION STEPS in my earlier post if you have not configured TestNG in your eclipse. Now let me describe you steps of writing your first test case with TestNG. Step 1 : Create New Project And Package First of all, Create new java project in your eclipse with name = "TestNGOne" and create package "TestNGOnePack" under your project. VISIT THIS POST If you don't know how to create new java project and package in eclipse. Step 2 : Add TestNG Library For adding TestNG library, 

Go to your project's Properties -> Java Build Path -> Libraries Tab.

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Click on Add Library button -> Select TestNG from Add Library popup and then click on Next and Finish buttons.

It will add TestNg library in your project as shown in bellow image. Now click on OK button to close that window.

Step 3 : Create TestNG Class To add TestNg class 

Right click on package "TestNGOnePack" -> New -> Other. It will open New wizard window as bellow.

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Select TestNg from New wizard window and click on Next button.

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On next screen, add class name = ClassOne

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It will add new class (ClassOne) under package as shown in bellow given image.

Step 4 : Add webdriver's external jar file in your project. To Run webdriver test, you need to add webdriver's jar files as external jar file in your project. VIEW THIS POST to know how to download webdriver jar files and add external jar file to java build path. (Note : Do not add junit jar file as external jar file. Now its not required in TestNG framework). This is it. Now you are ready to write your webdriver test script inside your class. Step 5 : Add/write sample webdriver test script. Write your own test script or add bellow given script in your class file. package TestNGOnePack; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ClassOne { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); //@BeforeMethod defines this method has to run before every @Test methods @BeforeMethod public void openbrowser() { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/new-test.html"); }

//@AfterMethod defines this method has to run after every @Test methods @AfterMethod public void closebrowser() { System.out.print("\nBrowser close"); driver.quit(); } @Test public void testmethodone() { String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("Current page title is : "+title); System.out.print("\n'TestNGOne -> TestNGOnePack -> ClassOne -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } } Step 6 : Run Webdriver test script with TestNG Go to Run -> Run As -> And Click on TestNg Test as shown in bellow given image.

It will run your webdriver test with TestNG. When execution completed, You will see result as shown in bellow given image.

Step 7 : View test execution HTML report generated by TestNG To view test execution report, 

Right click on "TestNGOne" project folder in eclipse and select Refresh.

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Folder with name = "test-output" will be created under your project folder as shown in bellow given Image.

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Explore that folder and open it with web Browser as shown in above image. It will open report in eclipse as shown in bellow given image.

19.TestNgannotationswithexamples TestNG Annotations With Selenium WebDriver Examples As you know, TestNG is the framework which is very useful to use with selenium WebDriver. I have shared all selenium webdriver with testng tutorials on THIS LINK. The main reason behind TestNG's popularity is we can create and configure test case and test suite very easily using many different annotations of TestNG. Few annotations are similar in TestNG and junit and you can view junit annotations with example on this JUNIT ANNOTATIONS POST. Annotations are those things in TestNG which guides it for what to do next or which method should be executed next. TestNG has also facility to pass parameters with annotations. Let we look at TestNG annotations list with its functional description. @Test @Test annotation describes method as a test method or part of your test. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @Test ANNOTATION @BeforeMethod Any method which is marked with @BeforeMethod annotation will be executed before each and every @test annotated method. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @BeforeMethod ANNOTATION @AfterMethod Same as @BeforeMethod, If any method is annotated with @AfterMethod annotation then it will be executed after execution of each and every @test annotated method. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @AfterMethod ANNOTATION @BeforeClass Method annotated using @BeforeClass will be executed before first @Test method execution. @BeforeClass annotated method will be executed once only per class so don't be confused. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @BeforeClass ANNOTATION

@AfterClass Same as @BeforeClass, Method annotated with @AfterClass annotation will be executed once only per class after execution of all @Test annotated methods of that class. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @AfterClass ANNOTATION @BeforeTest @BeforeTest annotated method will be executed before the any @Test annotated method of those classes which are inside tag in testng.xml file. @AfterTest @AfterTest annotated method will be executed when all @Test annotated methods completes its execution of those classes which are inside tag in testng.xml file. @BeforeSuite Method marked with @BeforeSuite annotation will run before the all suites from test. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @BeforeSuite ANNOTATION @AfterSuite @AfterSuite annotated method will start running when execution of all tests executed from current test suite. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @AfterSuite ANNOTATION @DataProvider When you use @DataProvider annotation for any method that means you are using that method as a data supplier. Configuration of @DataProvider annotated method must be like it always return Object[][] which we can use in @Test annotated method. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @DataProvider ANNOTATION @BeforeGroups @BeforeGroups annotated method will run before the first test run of that specific group. @AfterGroups @AfterGroups annotated method will run after all test methods of that group completes its execution. @Parameters When you wants to pass parameters in your test methods, you need to use @Parameters annotation. VIEW PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF @Parameters ANNOTATION @Factory

When you wants to execute specific group of test cases with different values, you need to use @Factory annotation. An array of class objects is returned by @Factory annotated method and those TestNG will those objects as test classes. @Listeners @Listeners are used to with test class. It is helpful for logging purpose. 20.CreatingAndunningWebDriverTestuitUsingtestng.xmlFile Creating And Running WebDriver Test Suit Using testng.xml File Introduction Of testng.xml File In TestNG framework, We need to create testng.xml file to create and handle multiple test classes. testng.xml is the file where we can configure our webdriver test, set test dependency, include or exclude any test method or class or package, set priority etc.. We will learn each and every thing about TestNG usage in my future posts. Right now let me describe you how to create testng.xml Creating testng.xml File 

First of all Create a project and webdriver test case as described in my PREVIOUS POST.

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To create testng.xml file, Right click on project folder and Go to New -> File as shown in bellow given image. It will open New File wizard.

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In New file wizard, select "TestNGOne" project and add file name = "testng.xml" as shown in bellow given image and click on Finish button.

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It will add testng.xml file under your project folder. Now add bellow given lines in your testng.xml file.

Now your testng.xml file will looks like bellow.

In above testng.xml code, 

: suite tag defines the TestNG suite. You can give any name to your suite using 'name' attribute. In above given example, We have given "Suite One" to our test suite.

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: test tag defines the TestNG test. You can give any name to your test using 'name' attribute. In above given example, We have given "Test One" to our test.

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: classes tag defines multiple class. We can multiple test class under classes tag. In our example we have only one class.

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: class tag defines the class name which you wants to consider in test execution. In above given example, we have defined name="TestNGOnePack.ClassOne" where 'TestNGOnePack' describes package name and 'ClassOne' describes class name.

This way, above given testng.xml file will execute only ClassOne class from TestNGOnePack package. Executing testng.xml File To Run Right click on testng.xml file -> Run As -> Select TestNG Suite as shown in bellow given image.

It will start execution of defined test class 'ClassOne' from 'TestNGOnePack' package. When execution completed, You can view test execution HTML report as described in my PREVIOUS POST. Test execution HTML report will looks like bellow.

This is the one simple example of creating and running testng.xml file in eclipse for webdriver. We will see different examples of testng.xml file to configure our test in my future post. --20.1CreatingSingleOrMultipleTestsForMultipleClasses testng.xml : Creating Single Or Multiple Tests For Multiple Classes In WebDriver

As i have described in my previous post, We can configure our webdriver test or webdriver test suits in testng.xml file. In my PREVIOUS POST, we have seen how to create testng.xml file to run single test class. Also If you don't know how to create and run first TestNG-WebDriver test, You can VIEW THIS POST. Now supposing you have two/multiple classes in your test suite then how will you run them? We can run both the classes in same test as well in 2 different tests too. First of all, Create 3 classes under project = TestNGOne and package = TestNGOnePack as bellow. 

"BaseClassOne" will be used for initializing and closing webdriver instance,

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"ClassOne" and "ClassTwo" will be used as test classes.

VIEW ALL WEBDRIVER-TESTNG TUTORIAL POSTS 1. BaseClassOne.java package TestNGOnePack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite; org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;

public class BaseClassOne { //Declared as public static to use same webdriver instance publicly public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); //@BeforeSuite annotation describes this method has to run before all suites @BeforeSuite public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/newtest.html"); } //@AfterSuite annotation describes this method has to run after execution of all suites @AfterSuite public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit();

} } Above class will be used as base class to initialize and close webdriver instance. 2. ClassOne.java package TestNGOnePack; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ClassOne extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ //@Test annotation describes this method as a test method @Test public void testmethodone() { String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("\nCurrent page title is : "+title); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } } Above ClassOne is inherited from BaseClassOne. 3. ClassTwo.java package TestNGOnePack; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ClassTwo extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ //@Test annotation describes this method as a test method @Test public void testmethodone() { driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("\nCurrent page title is : "+title); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } }

Above ClassTwo is also inherited from BaseClassOne. Now your class structure will be looks like bellow in eclipse.

Configure testng.xml to run two classes in one test Now let me show you how to configure testng.xml to run both classes in single test. Copy-paste bellow given lines in your testng.xml file and then Run it as TestNg Suite. Here, both classes are included in single test (Test One). When execution completed, View execution result reports. It will looks like bellow.

Configure testng.xml to run two classes in two tests

Now if you wants to run both classes as separate test then you have to configure your testng.xml file as bellow. Here, "ClassOne" is included in 'Test One" test and "ClassTwo" is included in 'Test Two" test. Now run bellow given testng.xml file and verify result.

Now compare both the results. In 1st example, Both classes are executed under same test but in 2nd example both classes are executed under separate tests. This way you can configure testng.xml file as per your requirement. --20.2CreatingTestSuiteUsingClassFromDifferentPackages testng.xml : Creating WebDriver Test Suite Using Classes From Different Packages Now you are already aware about HOW TO CREATE testng.xml FILE to configure and run your webdriver test. The main reason behind popularity of TestNG framework for webdriver is we can configure our test as per our

requirements. I have listed some Similarities/Differences between Junit and TestNG framework In THIS POST. In my previous post, We have already seen example of how to configure testng.xml file to run single/multiple webdriver test classes of same package. Now let me show you an example of how to create test suite using classes from different packages. First of all let we create new packages and classes as described in bellow given 3 steps. Step 1. Create package = = BaseClassOne.java, ClassOne.java described in my PREVIOUS POST.

"TestNGOnePack" with classes and ClassTwo.java exactly as

Step 2. Create package = "TestNGTwoPack" under same project and add ClassOne.java and ClassTwo.java files with bellow given code lines. ClassOne.java package TestNGTwoPack; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ClassOne extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ @Test public void testmethodone() { String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("\nCurrent page title is : "+title); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } } ClassTwo.java package TestNGTwoPack; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ClassTwo extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ @Test public void testmethodone() { driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("\nCurrent page title is : "+title); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir");

String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } } Above given both classes from TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne to use initialization and closing the webdriver.

are webdriver

inherited instance,

Step 3. Create package = "TestNGThreePack" under same project and add ClassOne.java and ClassTwo.java files with above given code lines. You need to change package name in both class(TestNGTwoPack to TestNGThreePack) to use them in "TestNGThreePack" package. So now, my package and class hierarchy is as bellow for project TestNgOne.

Now supposing I do not want to execute all class of all packages and I wants to execute only few of them like TestNGOnePack.ClassOne, TestNGTwoPack.ClassTwo, TestNGThreePack. ClassOne and TestNGThreePack.ClassTwo. How can we do that? You need to configure your testng.xml file as bellow.

Above given file will run only described 4 classes out of total 6 classes under single test (Test One). You can divide them in multiple tests too as described in my previous post. Now execute above given testng.xml file and verify result. It will looks like as shown in bellow given image.

This way we can configure our test suite using only specific class from different packages. --20.3CreatingTestSuiteUsingSelectedOrAllPackages Configure testng.xml In Eclipse For Selenium WebDriver To Run All Or Specific Package TestNG is very useful and powerful framework for selenium webdriver. We need to configure our tests based on our requirements or test scenarios. We are going very slowly with TestNG framework to understand each and everything clearly with examples so that it can help you to configure your test in any king of situations. In my previous posts, we have learnt about HOW TO RUN SPECIFIC CLASS FROM DIFFERENT PACKAGE USING testng.xml and HOW TO RUN SINGLE OR MULTIPLE CLASSES FROM ONE PACKAGE USING testng.xml. So now you can configure your testng.xml file to run any specific class from any package if you have read both previous posts. Configure TestNGOne Project In Eclipse In testng.xml file, You can also configure to run specific package or all packages of project. Let we see both examples. First of all, Create bellow given three packages with required classes, methods and code same as described in my PREVIOUS POST.

1. TestNGOnePack(package) -> BaseClassOne.java, ClassOne.java, ClassTwo.java 2. TestNGTwoPack(package) -> ClassOne.java, ClassTwo.java 3. TestNGThreePack(package) -> ClassOne.java, ClassTwo.java So now your project structure should be as shown in bellow given image.

Configure testng.xml to run selected packages from all packages of webdriver project in single test suite From three packages, I wants to run only two packages -> "TestNGTwoPack" and "TestNGThreePack". For that we need to configure testng.xml as bellow. In above given testng.xml code, tag packages is used to describe group of packages and tag package is used to add

specific package in our test suite. So when you run above testng.xml file, It will run only targeted two packages(TestNGTwoPack, TestNGThreePack). Other (TestNGOnePack)package(s) will be excluded from execution. Execution report will looks like bellow.

As you see, "TestNGOnePack" package is not executed as shown in above report image. Configure testng.xml to run all packages of project in single test suite If you wants to run all packages of your project, you can configure your testng.xml using wildcard(.*) with package tag as bellow. Above given testng.xml file will execute all packages of your selenium webdriver project and test result report will looks like bellow.

As you see in report, Now all the packages are executed. This way, we can use wild card to include all webdriver test packages in our test. --20.4 Including Only Selected Test Methods In Selenium WebDriver-TestNg Test Include/Exclude Only Selected Test Methods In Selenium WebDriver-TestNg Test Suite Using testng.xml If you are using selenium webdriver with TestNg framework then you can easily run your selected test methods from selected classes. Supposing you have a two classes in your package and first class have three test methods and second class have five test methods. Now you wants to run only one test method from first class and two test methods from second class then you can configure it very easily in testng.xml file. Let me show you how to do it with simple webdriver test configured by testng.xml file. Configure TestNGOne Project In Eclipse 1. First of all, Configure TestNGOne project in eclipse as described in PREVIOUS POST. 2. Add testmethodtwo() bellow the testmethodone() as shown bellow in ClassOne.java and ClassTwo.java file of all three packages. public class ClassTwo extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ @Test public void testmethodone() {

driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.print("\nCurrent page title is : "+title); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodone' has been executed successfully"); } //Add testmethodtwo() here @Test public void testmethodtwo() { driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='female']")); String Workdir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String Classpackname = this.getClass().getName(); System.out.print("\n'"+Workdir+" -> "+Classpackname+" -> testmethodtwo' has been executed successfully"); } } Now your TestNGOne project's structure will looks like bellow.

Configure testng.xml file to Include and run selected webdriver test methods from few classes Now supposing, I wants to run only 

testmethodone() method from TestNGOnePack -> ClassOne.java



testmethodone() and testmethodtwo() from TestNGTwoPack -> ClassTwo.java

methods



testmethodone() and testmethodtwo() from TestNGThreePack -> ClassOne.java

methods



testmethodone() and testmethodtwo() from TestNGThreePack -> ClassTwo.java

methods

To perform above action, I have to configure my testng.xml file as bellow. In above given testng.xml file, methods and include tags are new to learn. You can read about TestNg Framework's , , and tags in THIS POST and , tags in THIS POST. tag defines the group of methods and tag defines which method you wants to include in execution. Now execute this testng.xml file and verify the result report.

If you see in above result, Only test testmethodone() is executed from TestNGOnePack -> ClassOne.java. This way we can include any specific method in our test suite to execute from any class. Configure testng.xml file to exclude specific test method from class Sameway, To exclude specific test method from class, We can use tag inside tag as bellow. When you run above given testng.xml file, it will exclude testmethodone() test method of TestNGTwoPack -> ClassTwo.jav from execution and will execute only ClassTwo.java file as shown in bellow given test result report.

This way we can configure our testng.xml file to include or exclude any specific test method from execution. --20.5 testng.xml - Include/Exclude Selenium WebDriver Test Package Include/Exclude Selenium WebDriver Test Package From Test Suite Using testng.xml Now you are already aware about HOW TO INCLUDE OR EXCLUDE SELECTED TEST METHODS IN TEST SUITE. Now our next tutorial is about how to include or exclude selected package from execution of test suite. Supposing you have multiple packages in your webdriver test suite and you wants to run only specific selected package then how will you do it? Let we look at simple example for the same. First of all configure project "TestNGOne" with 3 packages as described in my PREVIOUS POST. Configuring testng.xml file to include only specific package in test suite from multiple packages As described in my THIS POST, we can use wildcard(.*) with package tag to run all packages but then immediately we will use include to run specific package from all the packages as bellow. When you run above given testng.xml file, it will run only "TestNGOnePack" package from all packages of "TestNGOne" project. Look at bellow given TestNg result report.

If you see in above test result of webdriver testng suite, only classes and methods of "TestNGOnePack" package are executed. remaining 2 packages(TestNGTwoPack and TestNGThreePack) are not executed. Configuring testng.xml file to exclude specific package from execution To exclude specific package from execution, You need to configure your testng.xml file as bellow. Supposing I wants to exclude "TestNGThreePack" package from execution. Above given testng.xml file with exclude "TestNGThreePack" package from execution and will execute remaining two packages as shown in bellow given report image.

This way we can include or exclude full package from execution. --20.6 testng.xml - Using Regular Expression To Include/Exclude Test Method TestNg With Selenium WebDriver : Using Regular Expression To Include/Exclude Test Method From Execution It is very important for us to know the each and every way of testng.xml configuration to include/exclude selected test methods or packages in execution. You can view my posts to know how to include/exclude SELECTED PACKAGE or SELECTED TEST METHODS from selenium webdriver test suite execution. There is also one another way of including or excluding selected test method using regular expression. Let me describe it with one simple example. For that you need to configure "TestNGOne" project using 3 packages as shown in THIS POST. Now let we configure testng.xml file. Including/Excluding test methods using regular expression Supposing, I wants to Include testmethodtwo() from TestNGOnePack -> ClassOne.java file and Exclude testmethodtwo() from TestNGTwoPack -> ClassTwo.java file using regular expression. For that my testng.xml file configuration will be looks like bellow.

If you see in above testng.xml file, ".*two.*" is regular expression used for test methods. Means test methods containing "two" word will be considered for inclusion/exclusion in test suite execution.. Now when I will run above testng.xml file, Selenium webdriver test execution report will looks like bellow.

If you see in above given test execution report, only two methods has been executed as per our expectation. This way you can use regular expressions for method's inclusion or exclusion. --20.7 testng.xml - Skip Test Intentionally Using SkipException() How To Skip WebDriver Test In TestNG

If you remember, I have posted many posts on TestNG Framework and you will find all those posts on THIS LINK or you can VIEW THIS PAGE for all related posts listing. Study all of them one by one on posted date order for your better understanding. Till now we have learnt about how to Include or exclude TEST METHOD, PACKAGE from execution. We have also learnt REGULAR EXPRESSION USAGE for Including or Excluding Test methods from execution. Now supposing you wants to skip specific test Intentionally from execution then how can you do It? Skipping WebDriver Test Intentionally One way of skipping selenium webdriver test method Is using throw new SkipException() exception - TestNG Exception. Sometimes you need to check some condition like If some condition match then skip test else perform some action In your webdriver test. In this kind of situation, you can use SkipException() exception. Let us look at simple webdriver test case example where I have placed SkipException() Inside if condition to Intentionally skip that test. Please note one thing here : once SkipException() thrown, remaining part of that test method will be not executed and control will goes directly to next test method execution. In bellow given example, If condition will match so throw new SkipException() part will be executed and due to that exception, "After If Else" statement will be not printed. Intensional_Skip() method will be displayed as skipped in Testng report. Run bellow given example In your eclipse and observe result. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import import import

java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.SkipException; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Test_NG { public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize();

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2013/11/newtest.html"); } @Test public void Intensional_Skip(){ System.out.println("In Verify_Title"); String titl = driver.getTitle(); if(titl.equals("Only Testing: New Test")){ //To Skip Test throw new SkipException("Test Check_Checkbox Is Skipped"); }else{ System.out.println("Check the Checkbox"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Bike']")).click(); } System.out.println("After If Else"); } @Test public void Radio_check(){ System.out.println("In Check_Radio"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='male']")).click(); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } } testng.xml CLICK HERE to view how to create testng.xml Result will be as bellow:

Posted by P Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Related Articles : Selenium 2, selenium webdriver, Test --20.8 Data driven Testing using @DataProvider Annotation Of TestNG WebDriver Test Data Driven Testing Using TestNG @DataProvider Annotation Data driven testing Is most Important topic for all software testing automation tools because you need to provide different set of data In your tests. If you are selenium IDE user and you wants to perform data driven testing IN YOUR TEST then THESE POSTS will helps you. For Selenium Webdriver, Data driven testing using excel file Is very easy. For that you need support of Java Excel API and It Is explained very clearly In THIS POST. Now If you are using TestNG framework for selenium webdriver then there Is one another way to perform data driven testing. TestNG @DataProvider Annotation @DataProvider Is TestNG annotation. @DataProvider Annotation of testng framework provides us a facility of storing and preparing data set In method. Task of @DataProvider annotated method Is supplying data for a test method. Means you can configure data set In that method and then use that data In your test method. @DataProvider annotated method must return an Object[][] with data. Let us see simple example of data driven testing using @DataProvider annotation. We have to create 2 dimensional array In @DataProvider annotated method to store data as shown In bellow given example. You can VIEW THIS POST to know more about two dimensional array In java. Bellow given example will retrieve userid and password one by one from @DataProvider annotated method and will feed them In LogIn_Test(String Usedid, String Pass) one by one. Run this example In your eclipse and observe result. package Testng_Pack; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.DataProvider; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Sample_Login { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeTest public void setup() throws Exception { driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } @AfterTest public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); } //This method will return two dimensional array. //This method behaves as data provider for LogIn_Test method. @DataProvider public Object[][] LoginCredentials(){ //Created two dimensional array with 4 rows and 2 columns. //4 rows represents test has to run 4 times. //2 columns represents 2 data parameters. Object[][] Cred = new Object[4][2]; Cred[0][0] = "UserId1"; Cred[0][1] = "Pass1"; Cred[1][0] = "UserId2"; Cred[1][1] = "Pass2"; Cred[2][0] = "UserId3"; Cred[2][1] = "Pass3"; Cred[3][0] = "UserId4"; Cred[3][1] = "Pass4"; return Cred; //Returned Cred } //Give data provider method name as data provider. //Passed 2 string parameters as LoginCredentials() returns 2 parameters In object.

@Test(dataProvider="LoginCredentials") public void LogIn_Test(String Usedid, String Pass){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='userid']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='pswrd']")).clear(); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='userid']")).sendKeys(Usedid) ; driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='pswrd']")).sendKeys(Pass); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Login']")).click(); String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); System.out.println(alrt); } } testng.xml file to run this example Is as bellow. When you will run above example In eclipse, It will enter UserID and passwords one by one In UserId and password test box of web page. TestNG result report will looks like bellow.

Posted by P Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Related Articles : Data Driven Testing in webdr

--20.9 Parallel test execution In multiple browsers using @Parameters annotation Selenium WebDriver Parallel Tests Execution Using TestNG - @Parameters Browser compatibility testing Is most Important thing for any web application and generally you have to perform browser compatibility testing before 1 or 2 days of final release of application. In such a sort time period, you have to verify each Important functionality In every browsers suggested by client. If you will go for running your all webdriver tests In each browsers one by one then It will take too much time to complete your test and you may not complete It before release. In such situation, Running your tests In all required browsers at same time will helps you to save your time efforts. So question Is - Can we run our tests parallel In all required browsers using webdriver? Answer Is yes. Before learning how to run webdriver test parallel in multiple browsers, You must have knowledge about how to run test In webdriver using TestNg framework. You will find links of TestNG tutorial post with examples on THIS PAGE. I have described testng configuration with detailed explanation on those links so read them carefully one by one. You can read webdriver related more tutorials on THIS LINK. Parallelism In TestNG You can configure your testng.xml file In such a way to run your test suite or tests or methods In seperate browsers Is known as parallelism In TestNG. Interviewer can ask you this question. Now let us look at example of parellel test execution In webdriver using testng. Bellow given example will run the test In Mozilla Firefox and Google chrome browser parallel. Created Test_Parallel.java class file for testing application and configured testng.xml file to run tests parallel as shown In bellow given example. In testng.xml file, parallel="tests" Inside tag will Instruct TestNG to consider bunch of methods of each tag as separate thread. Means If you wants to run your test In 2 different browsers then you need to create two blocks for each browser Inside testng.xml file and Inside each tag block, define one more tag "parameter" with same name(In both block) but with different values. In bellow given testng.xml file, each block has "parameter" tag with same name = browser but different values(FFX and CRM). In testcase, I have used @Parameters annotation to pass parameter In method. Values of this parameter will be feed by testng.xml file. and then If condition will check that value to decide which driver to use for test. This way, example testng.xml file will feed two values(FFX and CRM) In

parameter so It will open Firefox and Google chrome browsers and run test In both browsers. (For running test In google chrome, You need to download chromedriver.exe. VIEW THIS POST to know more how to run webdriver test In google chrome browser). Run bellow given test In your eclipse with testng to see how It runs your test In 2 browsers at same time. Test_Parallel.java package Testng_Pack; import org.junit.Assert; public class Test_Parallel { private WebDriver driver=null; @BeforeClass //parameter value will retrieved from testng.xml file's tag. @Parameters ({"browser"}) public void setup(String browser){//Method will pass value of parameter. if (browser.equals("FFX")) {//If value Is FFX then webdriver will open Firefox Browser. System.out.println("Test Starts Running In Firefox Browser."); driver = new FirefoxDriver(); }else if (browser.equals("CRM")){//If value Is CRM then webdriver will open chrome Browser. System.out.println("Test Starts Running In Google chrome."); System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\chromedriver_win32_2.3\\chromedriver.exe"); driver = new ChromeDriver(); } driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } //Both bellow given tests will be executed In both browsers. @Test public void verify_title(){ String title = driver.getTitle(); Assert.assertEquals("Only Testing: LogIn", title); System.out.println("Title Is Fine."); } @Test public void verify_message(){ driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='userid']")).sendKeys("UID1") ; driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='password']")).sendKeys("pass 1"); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Login']")).click();

String alert = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); Assert.assertEquals("UserId Is : UID1 Password Is : pass1", alert); System.out.println("Alert Is Fine."); } @AfterClass public void closebrowser(){ driver.quit(); } } testng.xml If you wants to run your test In one more browser then you need to create new tag block in testng.xml file and set another parameter value and then put one more if else condition in class file to check and run your test. This way you can your test parallel In multiple browsers at same time to reduce your time efforts. Day 9 - WebDriver Assertions With TestNG Hard Assertions 20.1 assertEquals Assertion With Example Assert.assertEquals TestNG With Selenium WebDriver Example There are many assertions available in Selenium WebDriver with TestNG framework and we will look at all of then one by one. Assertions are important and very useful in any automation tools to assert something during your test execution. If you know, Selenium IDE has many built in assertion commands and if you are

selenium IDE user then you can view set of selenium IDE assertion command examples on THIS LINK. Difference between Assertion and verification Verification and assertion is little different so don't be confused. Verification will just verify but assertion will first verify and if result is not as per expectation then it will stop execution of that specific test method. Today let we look at assertEquals assertion in selenium webdriver. Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected) assertion This assertion is useful to compare expected and actual values in selenium webdriver. If both values match then its fine and will continue execution. But if fails then immediately it will mark that specific test method as fail and exit from that test method. You can use different types of values in actual and expected like boolean, byte[], char, double, float, int, etc.. but function is same for all. Let we look at simple example to understand it better. Steps : 

First of all, create 3 classes (BaseClassOne.java and ClassTwo.java) as describe in THIS POST if you don't have created.



Now copy paste bellow given lines in your ClassTwo.java file.

Assertion and Verification Example Of Selenium WebDriver With TestNg package TestNGOnePack; import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.testng.Assert; org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class ClassTwo extends TestNGOnePack.BaseClassOne{ String Actualtext; @BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.navigate().to("http://only-testingblog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } //Method Example For Assertion @Test public void assertion_method_1() { Actualtext = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2/span")).getText(); Assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 28 January 2014"); System.out.print("\n assertion_method_1() -> Part executed");

} //Method Example For Assertion @Test public void assertion_method_2() { Assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 29 January 2014"); System.out.print("\n assertion_method_2() -> Part executed"); } //Method Example For Verification @Test public void verification_method() { String time = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='timeLeft']")).getText(); if (time == "Tuesday, 28 January 2014") { System.out.print("\nText Match"); } else { System.out.print("\nText does Match"); } } } testng.xml example to run single class To Run above example using testng.xml file, you will have to configure it as bellow. If you run above example, assertion_method_1() will display pass in result but assertion_method_2() will display fail because here expected and actual values will not match with each other.

If you will look in console, Only "assertion_method_1() -> Part executed" will be printed over there. "assertion_method_2() -> Part executed" will be not there because execution of current method was skipped after assertion failure. Last verification_method() is just simple verification method which verifies text and print message based on result. 20.2 assertNotEquals Assertion With Example Example Of assertNotEquals In Selenium WebDriver With TestNG As described in my PREVIOUS POST, assertEquals assertion is useful to compare two string, boolean, byte[], char, double, float, int, etc.. and based on assertion result, Your test method will pass or fail. This pass or fail indication will helps you in your testing process. So this is the very good function in selenium WebDriver which helps us to find and log issue. Please note one thing once more is - Use hard assertions in selenium webdriver only when you wants to skip remaining test execution on assertion fail. If you wants to continue execution on assertion failure, you can use TestNg soft assertions. We will discuss about it in my upcoming post. You can VIEW SELENIUM IDE ASSERTION EXAMPLES for your reference. Assert.assertNotEquals(actual, expected, message) assertion Other one assertion in selenium WebDriver is assertNotEquals assertion. It's function is opposite to assertEquals assertion. Means if both sides values will not match then this assertion will pass else it will fail. Here you can write your own message for failure condition. Simplest example of Assert.assertNotEquals in selenium webdriver is as bellow.

Replace bellow given test methods (assertion_method_1() and assertion_method_2()) with example given in my PREVIOUS POST and then run it using testng.xml file. //Assertion Method @Test public void assertion_method_1() { Actualtext = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2/span")).getText(); Assert.assertNotEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 28 January 2014", "Expected and actual match in assertion_method_1"); System.out.print("\n assertion_method_1() -> Part executed"); } //Assertion Method @Test public void assertion_method_2() { Assert.assertNotEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 29 January 2014", "Expected and actual match in assertion_method_2"); System.out.print("\n assertion_method_2() -> Part executed"); } You test execution result will looks like bellow..

Here, test method assertion_method_1() will fail because actual string text and expected string text will match. Assertion message will be printed in test result report as marked with green color in above image. 20.3 assertTrue Assertion With Example

Selenium WebDriver assertTrue assertion example with TestNG Previously we have learnt two assertions of selenium webdriver. You can view practical example pages of selenium webdriver assertions - assertEquals and assertNotEquals before learning assertTrue(condition) assertion. There is also one another related assertion is assertFalse(condition) assertion but we will look about it in my next post. assertTrue(condition) Assertion assertTrue assertion is generally used for boolean condition true. It will pass if condition returns "true". If it will return false then it will fail and skip test execution from that specific method. Syntax for assertTrue assertion is as bellow. Assert.assertTrue(condition); Supposing you have one check box on page. You wants to check its status like it is checked or not. And if it is not checked then you wants to skip execution from that method and wants to fail that method in testng report. This thing can be done very easily using assertTrue assertion. Let we look at practical example of assertTrue assertion. Replace bellow given variables and 3 methods with example given on my THIS POST and then run it using testng.xml file. WebElement chk1, chk2; @BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/02/attributes.html"); chk1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='option1']")); chk2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='option2']")); } //Assertion Method - will pass @Test public void asserttrue1() { System.out.print("\n"+chk1.isSelected()); Assert.assertTrue(chk1.isSelected()); System.out.print("\n asserttrue1 - > Executed - means assertion is pass"); } //Assertion Method - will fail @Test public void asserttrue2() { System.out.print("\n"+chk2.isSelected()); Assert.assertTrue(chk2.isSelected());

System.out.print("\n asserttrue2 - > Executed - means assertion is pass"); } When you run above example in eclipse and get result, asserttrue1() method will display pass and method asserttrue2() will display fail as shown in bellow given image.

asserttrue1() will pass because 1st check box is checked on page so chk1.isSelected() will return true. asserttrue2() will fail because 2nd check box is not checked on page so chk2.isSelected() will return false. In assertion failure case, code written after Assert.assertTrue(chk2.isSelected()); will be not executed. Run above example in your eclipse and verify the results then try it for your own project. This way, Assert.assertTrue(condition) is helps use to assert boolean condition true. 20.4 assertFalse Assertion With Example Example Of Assert.assertFalse Assertion In Selenium WebDriver With TestNG When you are working with selenium webdriver, you must be aware about different kind of assertions which are available. If you have a enough knowledge about webdriver assertions, You can create very effective test cases for your test scenarios. assertEquals, assertNotEquals and assertTrue assertions are already

explained in my previous posts. Now let we try to understand assertFalse assertion for selenium webdriver. Assert.assertFalse(condition) Assertion It will check boolean value returned by condition and will pass if returned value is "False". If returned value is pass then this assertion will fail and skip execution from current test method. Syntax for assertFalse assertion is as bellow. Assert.assertFalse(condition); In sort, assertFalse and assertTrue assertions are opposite to each other. When you wants to assert "True" value - you can use assertTrue assertion. And when you wants to assert false value - you can use assertFalse assertion in your selenium webdriver test. Let we try to use assertFalse assertion with simple example. Supposing we have two checkboxs on page one from them is checked and another one is not checked. Let we apply assertFalse assertion on both of these check boxes for its checked status. Replace bellow given example methods with example of THIS PAGE. and run it with testng.xml as described on that post. WebElement chk1, chk2; @BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/02/attributes.html"); chk1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='option1']")); chk2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='option2']")); } //Assertion Method - will Fail @Test public void assertfalse1() { System.out.print("\n"+chk1.isSelected()); Assert.assertFalse(chk1.isSelected()); } //Assertion Method - will Pass @Test public void assertfalse2() { System.out.print("\n"+chk1.isSelected()); Assert.assertFalse(chk2.isSelected()); } In this case, assertfalse1() method will fail because it is already checked so chk1.isSelected() will return true value. assertfalse2() method will pass because 2nd checkbox is not checked so it will return false value. Execution result will looks like bellow.

20.4 assertNull Assertion With Example Selenium WebDriver Assertion assertNull Example With TestNG Assertions are very useful to check your expected result and skip execution if assertion fails on run time. If you are selenium IDE user, you can read all these selenium IDE ASSERTION COMMANDS examples posts to use them in your test cases for your web application. Before describing about assertNull command, I recommend you all to READ OTHER WEBDRIVER ASSERTION METHOD examples for your reference. assertNull(object) WebDriver Assertion assertNull(object) assertion will check and verify that object is null. It will pass if object found null. If object found not null then it will return error message like "java.lang.AssertionError: expected [null] but found [true]". Whenever your assertion fails, it will mark that specific test method as fail in TestNG result. Let me present here one simple example of assertNull assertion. We have two text boxes. 1st text box is enabled and 2nd is disabled. Now let me use assertNull assertion in my test script to assert that textbox1 is enabled and textbox2 is disabled. Here we use textbox's disabled attribute for this assertion. Copy and replace bellow given test methods with example given on THIS PAGE and then run it with testng.xml file WebElement txt1, txt2;

@BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/02/attributes.html"); txt1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text1']")); txt2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")); } //Example Of Assertion Method - will Pass @Test public void null1() { System.out.print("\n"+txt1.getAttribute("disabled")); Assert.assertNull(txt1.getAttribute("disabled")); } //Example Assertion Method - will Fail @Test public void null2() { System.out.print("\n"+txt2.getAttribute("disabled")); Assert.assertNull(txt2.getAttribute("disabled")); } In above given example, txt1.getAttribute("disabled") object will return "null" because there is not any disabled attribute with 1st textbox. So that assertion will pass. And method null1() will pass too. txt2.getAttribute("disabled") object will return "true" because disabled attribute is available with textbox2. So in this case that assertion and method null2() will fail as shown in bellow given image.

20.4 assertNotNull Assertion With Example TestNG Assertion assertNotNull With WebDriver Example

As you know, there are many assertions in TestNG and you will find most of them on THIS PAGE. Each of these TestNG assertions are designed to fulfill different kind of conditions. I have described mostly used all assertions with very clear examples with selenium webdriver test. If you will see on that link, you will find example of assertNull assertion. assertNotNull assertion works opposite to assertNull assertion means it will assert not null condition. TestNG Assertion assertNotNull(object) WebDriver Assertion assertNotNull assertion is designed to check and verify that values returned by object is not null. Means it will be pass if returned value is not null. Else it will fail. Best example to experiment assertNotNull assertion is assertion of enabled and disabled text fields. Let me give you simple example where we will assert "disabled" attribute of text box to verify is it disabled or not using assertNotNull assertion. Copy paste bellow given code in example given on THIS PAGE and then run it using testng.xml file. WebElement txt1, txt2; @BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/02/attributes.html"); txt1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text1']")); txt2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")); } //Example Of Assertion Method - will Fail @Test public void notnull1() { System.out.print("\n"+txt1.getAttribute("disabled")); Assert.assertNotNull(txt1.getAttribute("disabled")); } //Example Of Assertion Method - will Pass @Test public void notnull2() { System.out.print("\n"+txt2.getAttribute("disabled")); Assert.assertNotNull(txt2.getAttribute("disabled")); } In above example, assertNotNull assertion of notnull1() method will fail because expected was not null but textbox text1 is not disabled so returned null. assertNotNull assertion of notnull2() will pass because expected was not null and textbox text2 is disabled so it has return true value means not null.

Sameway, You can use assertNotNull assertion to assert checkbox is checked or not, to assert textbox is visible or hidden, etc.. Soft Assertion 20.4 Applying TestNG Soft Assertion With Example Soft Assertion For Selenium WebDriver With TestNG If you know, we have already learn about testng hard assertions (Example assertEquals, assertNotEquals, etc..) which we can use In our webdriver test. Hard assertion examples links are given on THIS PAGE. View all those examples one by one to learn hard assertions. Let me tell you one thing about hard assertions, When hard assertion will fail Inside any test method, remaining execution of that specific test method will be aborted. Now If you wants to continue remaining test part execution even If assertion fails and also you wants to report assertion failure In testng result report then you can use testng soft assertion method. Soft Assertions In Selenium WebDriver To use testng soft assertion, you have to use testng SoftAssert class. This class will helps to not throw an exception on assertion failure and recording failure. If you will use soft assertion then your test execution will remain continue even If any assertion fails. Another most Important thing Is your assertion failure will be reported In report so that you can view It at end of test. You can use soft assertion when you are using multiple assertions In same test method and you wants to execute all of them even If any one In between fails. Let us look at very simple example of testng hard assertion and soft assertion to see the difference between both of them. In bellow give

example, hard_assert_text() and soft_assert_text() each have 4 assertions. Used hard assertions In hard_assert_text() method and soft assertions In soft_assert_text() method to describe difference between both of them. Run bellow given example In your eclipse with testng framework. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait; org.testng.Assert; org.testng.annotations.AfterClass; org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass; org.testng.annotations.Test; org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;

public class Soft_Assert { //Created object of testng SoftAssert class to use It's Properties. SoftAssert s_assert = new SoftAssert(); String Actualtext; WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); @BeforeClass public void load_url(){ driver.manage().window().maximize(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } @Test //In this method, If any assertion fails then execution will be aborted. public void hard_assert_text() { Actualtext = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2/span")).getText(); //Text on expected side Is written Incorrect intentionally to get fail this assertion. Assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 01 January 2014", "1st assert failed."); System.out.println("Hard Assertion -> 1st pagetext assertion executed."); Assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 28 January 2014", "2nd assert failed."); System.out.println("Hard Assertion -> 2nd pagetext assertion executed."); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); String Alert_text = driver.switchTo().alert().getText();

driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); Assert.assertEquals(Alert_text, "Hi.. is alert message!", "Alert Is InCorrect"); System.out.println("Hard Assertion -> 1st alert assertion executed."); Assert.assertEquals(Alert_text, "Hi.. This is alert message!", "Alert Is Correct"); System.out.println("Hard Assertion -> 2nd alert assertion executed."); } @Test //In this method, Test execution will not abort even If any assertion fail. Full Test will be executed. public void soft_assert_text() { Actualtext = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h2/span")).getText(); //Text on expected side Is written Incorrect intentionally to get fail this assertion. s_assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 01 January 2014", "1st assert failed."); System.out.println("Soft Assertion -> 1st pagetext assertion executed."); s_assert.assertEquals(Actualtext, "Tuesday, 28 January 2014", "2nd assert failed."); System.out.println("Soft Assertion -> 2nd pagetext assertion executed."); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Me Alert']")).click(); String Alert_text = driver.switchTo().alert().getText(); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); //Alert expected text Is written Incorrect intentionally to get fail this assertion. s_assert.assertEquals(Alert_text, "Hi.. is alert message!", "Alert Is InCorrect"); System.out.println("Soft Assertion -> 1st alert assertion executed."); s_assert.assertEquals(Alert_text, "Hi.. This is alert message!", "Alert Is Correct"); System.out.println("Soft Assertion -> 2nd alert assertion executed."); s_assert.assertAll(); } @Test public void wait_and_click(){ WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//input[@id ='submitButton']"))); driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='submitButton']")).click();

} @AfterClass public void Closebrowser(){ driver.quit(); } } On execution completion, you will get bellow given result In console. Soft Assertion -> 1st pagetext assertion executed. Soft Assertion -> 2nd pagetext assertion executed. Soft Assertion -> 1st alert assertion executed. Soft Assertion -> 2nd alert assertion executed. PASSED: wait_and_click FAILED: hard_assert_text As per console result, soft_assert_text() method Is executed full and printed all statements even failed 2 assertions. On other side, hard_assert_text() method has not printed any statement In console because execution aborted on first assertion failure. Now If you look at testng test result report, both failures of soft assertion has been reported In testng report (You can view this post to see HOW TO VIEW TESTNG TEST RESULT REPORT). That means your assertion failure has been reported without test abortion. Look at bellow give our testng test result report.

Day 10 Common Functions To Use In WebDriver Test 20.1 Common Function To Compare Two Strings

General Function To Comparing Two Strings In Selenium WebDriver TestCase When you will use selenium webdriver to automate real world applications, Many times you have to compare two strings like page title, product name or any other string. And based on comparison result you have to take specific action. Simple example of such scenario Is, You are navigating on any view product page to add product In to basket. But before adding product In basket, You wants to verify product's name to check It Is correct product or not. Many time you have to compare strings In automating any single application. So What you will do? You will write same code multiple time In your different scripts? General way(Which I am using) Is to create common method In base class (Which Is accessible from all test classes) to compare two strings. Then we can call that method by passing actual and expected string to compare strings whenever required In out tests. Let me explain you how to do It. VIEW MORE WEBDRIVER TUTORIALS STEP BY STEP Step 1 : Create CommonFunctions Class In your package which can be accessible by any other class. Step 2 : Create method compareStrings which can accept two string values. Also Create object of TestNG SoftAssert class to assert assertion softly as shown In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert; public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareStrings(String actualStr, String expectedStr){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualStr, expectedStr); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Use here hard assertion "Assert.fail("Failure Message String")" If you wants to stop your test on assertion failure. Soft_Assert.fail("Actual String '"+actualStr+"' And Expected String '"+expectedStr +"' Do Not Match.");

//If Strings will not match, return false. return false; } //If Strings match, return true. return true; } } Step 3 : Now we can call compareStrings method In our test class whenever required as shown In bellow given example. We have Inherited CommonFunctions class to use Its function In Common_Functions_Test. Also call Soft_Assert.assertAll() method at last of your test to mark your test fail If both strings not match. Read More about usage of TestNG Soft Assertion In webdriver. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

//Used Inheritance public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/login.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareStrings(){ String actualTitle = driver.getTitle(); //Call compareStrings method Inside If condition to check string match or not. if(compareStrings(actualTitle, "Only Testing: LogIn")){ //If strings match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when title match."); }else{ //If strings not match, This block will be executed.

System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when title not match."); } //To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If strings not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } Above given example will compare actual and expected title strings and mark test failure at the end of test execution If both strings not match without any Interruption In execution. Now you can call compareStrings method any time to compare strings. You just need to provide expected and actual string values. Note : You can use hard assertion In your common function catch block at place of soft assertion If you wants to stop test on failure. See bellow. If you will use bellow given syntax In catch block then It will stop test execution on failure. Assert.fail("Actual String '"+actualStr+"' And Expected String '"+expectedStr+"' Do Not Match."); 20.2 Common Function To Compare Two Integers Method To Compare Two Integer Values In Selenium WebDriver Test We have learnt how to create common function to compare two strings In my PREVIOUS POST. Same way, Many times you need to compare two Integer values. And based on comparison result, You can perform your next step of test execution. You can also stop or continue your test execution on assertion failure by using soft or hard TestNG assertions. In this post, we will see how to compare two Integer values using common function. Main Intention of creating this kind of common functions Is to minimize your code size. You have to create It only once and then you can call It again and again whenever required In your test. And for that, You have to create common class which should be accessible from all the test classes. If you are retrieving text(which Is Integer value) from web page using webdriver's .getText() function then It will be string and you have to convert It In Integer value using bellow given syntax before comparision. String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body8228718889842861683']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Integer value.

int actualVal = Integer.parseInt(actualValString); Bellow given example will explain you how to create common function to compare two Integers In your CommonFunctions class. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert; public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareIntegerVals(int actualIntegerVal, int expectedIntegerVal){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualIntegerVal, expectedIntegerVal); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Un-comment bellow given hard assertion line and commnet soft assertion line If you wants to stop test execution on assertion failure. //Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualIntegerVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedIntegerVal+"' Do Not Match."); Soft_Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualIntegerVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedIntegerVal+"' Do Not Match."); //If Integer values will not match, return false. return false; } //If Integer values match, return true. return true; } } Now you can call compareIntegerVals() function In your test to compare two Integer values as shown In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/05/form.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareIntegers(){ String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='postbody-8228718889842861683']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Integer value. int actualVal = Integer.parseInt(actualValString); //Call compareIntegerVals method Inside If condition to check Integer values match or not. if(compareIntegerVals(actualVal, 5)){ //If values match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values match."); }else{ //If values not match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values not match."); } //To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If values not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } 20.3 Common Function To Compare Two Doubles Common Function To Compare Two Double Values In Selenium WebDriver Comparison of double values Is not much more different than comparison of Integer values as described In my PREVIOUS POST but let me give you example of same so that you can get It better. Let me tell you one thing that comparison of different data types (compare two strings, compare two Integers, etc..) Is

pure java concept and It has not any relation with selenium webdriver. My main Intention Is to show you that how to handle rest of test execution based on execution result and how to mark your test fail In webdriver test report without any Interruption In execution. Let me try to describe you how to compare two double values with example. As explained In my previous post, If you are retrieving value from web page then It will be always In string format because webdriver's .getText() function Is returning It as a string. So my first task Is to convert It from string to double using bellow given syntax. String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='post-body4292417847084983089']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[4]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Double value. double actualVal = Double.parseDouble(actualValString); Second task Is to create general function In CommonFunctions class to compare two double values. Latter on I will use this function whenever required In my test. Main work of this function Is to accept two double values then compare them and return true or false based on comparison result. See bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert; public class CommonFunctions { SoftAssert Soft_Assert = new SoftAssert(); public boolean compareDoubleVals(double actualDobVal, double expectedDobVal){ try{ //If this assertion will fail, It will throw exception and catch block will be executed. Assert.assertEquals(actualDobVal, expectedDobVal); }catch(Throwable t){ //This will throw soft assertion to keep continue your execution even assertion failure. //Un-comment bellow given hard assertion line and commnet soft assertion line If you wants to stop test execution on assertion failure. //Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualDobVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedDobVal+"' Do Not Match."); Soft_Assert.fail("Actual Value '"+actualDobVal+"' And Expected Value '"+expectedDobVal+"' Do Not Match.");

//If double values will not match, return false. return false; } //If double values match, return true. return true; } } Now I can use compareDoubleVals function In my test whenever required as described In bellow given example. package Testng_Pack; import import import import import import

org.openqa.selenium.By; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Common_Functions_Test extends CommonFunctions{ WebDriver driver; @BeforeTest public void StartBrowser_NavURL() { driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/textbox.html"); } @AfterTest public void CloseBrowser() { driver.quit(); } @Test public void testToCompareDoubles(){ String actualValString = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='postbody-4292417847084983089']/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[4]")).getText(); //To convert actual value string to Double value. double actualVal = Double.parseDouble(actualValString); //Call compareDoubleVals method Inside If condition to check Double values match or not. if(compareDoubleVals(actualVal, 20.63)){ //If values match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values match."); }else{

//If values not match, This block will be executed. System.out.println("Write Action taking lines In this block when Values not match."); } //To mark test fail In report at the end of execution If values not match. Soft_Assert.assertAll(); } } Above test will call compareDoubleVals function and It will return false because actual and expected values will not match. So test will be marked as fail. You can use hard assertion too Inside compareDoubleVals function to stop your test on assertion failure.