Selenium Frameworks

Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Test Automation Automation Architect Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Ltd. Mobile: +91 (!"#9$1"1$% | ranab.)hata*in.ibm.com Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com

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Contents TOPIC: SELENIUM.........................................................................................................................4

1. P,-P/& 0 T& 0 T& 23,M&4T:............................................................................................................4 5. /0T6A-& -&7,I-&M&4T/:...............................................................................................................4 8. P-&'-&7,I/IT&/:.................................................................................................................................4 %. LBAL &4I-4M&4T /&T,P:.........................................................................................................4 ;. I4T-2,3T-< 4T&.........................................................................................................................5 #. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& 1: -&3-2 > PLA
Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Test Automation Architect Architect | IBM India India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpre http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com ss.com

Assi)nments ' /elenium

ATA 2-I&4 0-AM&6-? .........................................................................20 ". ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& 8: 2ATA .........................................................................20 343&PT : TI/ I43L,2&/ &IT PA-T/ @................................................................................................20 ".1 PLA4 0- T& 0- T& 3A-A3T&-I/TI3/ 0 0-AM&6-? ........................................................................20 ".5 &4I-4M&4T /&T,P /P&3I0I3 T /P&3I0I3 T T& T& 0-AM&6-? ....................................................................21 ".8 2&/I4 A BA/I3 0L6 T&MPLAT&/ T&MPLAT&/ 0 0-AM&6-? .....................................................................21 -&PA-& T&/T 2ATA..........................................................................................................................22 ".% P-&PA-& T&/T ".; P-&PA-& 0,43TI4/ -&7,I-&2.......................................................................................................25 ".# 6-IT& T&/T -IT& T&/T /3-IPT/........................................................................................................................26 ".$ 2&3I2& 2-I&- 0IL&.........................................................................................................................27 "." &=&3,T& T&/T =&3,T& T&/T /3-IPT/ A42 &T /6 -&/,LT/..........................................................................27 I4T-/P&3TI4...........................................................................................................................................27 &<6-2!...............................................28 9. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& %: 
9.# 6-IT& ? &<6-2 &<6-2..............................................................................................................................32 9.$ 6-IT& T&/T -IT& T&/T /3-IPT/........................................................................................................................34 9." 2&3I2& 2-I&- 0IL&.........................................................................................................................35 =&3,T& T&/T /3-IPT/ A42 &T /6 -&/,LT/..........................................................................35 9.9 &=&3,T& T&/T I4T-/P&3TI4...........................................................................................................................................36 1. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& ;: PA& B&3T M2&L..................................................................................36 343&PT : TI/ I43L,2&/ T-&& PA-T/ @...............................................................................................36 6 T T /TA-T.............................................................................................................................36 1.1 6 1.5 3-&AT& LI4 PA& 3LA//........................................................................................................38 1.8 3-&AT& T&/T 3A/& ......................................................................................................................39 I4T-/P&3TI4...........................................................................................................................................40 11. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& #: MA&4...........................................................................................................41 11.1 6< MA&4 P-&3TC................................................................................................................41 11.5 264LA2 A42 340I,-& MA&4 8.8.8..............................................................................41 11.8 3-&AT& A MA&4 P-&3T..........................................................................................................41 11.% 34&-T T& 4&-T T& MA&4 P-&3T I4T &3LIP/& P-&3T...........................................................42 11.; 3A4& PM.=ML......................................................................................................................42 11.# 3MPIL& 6IT MA&4.................................................................................................................43 11.$ 3-&AT& M5D-&P A-IABL&.....................................................................................................43 I4T-/P&3TI4...........................................................................................................................................44 15. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& $: 3I 6IT &4?I4/ A42 IT..........................................................................45 15.1 I4/TALLI4 &4?I4/ A42 340I,-I4 6IT IT....................................................................45 15.5 3-&ATI4 IT -&P/IT-< A42 ,PLA2I4 T& P-&3T.....................................................45 ,4 T& P-&3T ,/I4 &4?I4/ ..............................................................................................46 15.8 -,4 T& .............................................................................51 18. ,I2&2 &=&-3I/& ": 3,3,MB&- 0-AM&6-? .............................................................................51 343&PT : TI/ I43L,2&/ /&&4 PA-T/ @...............................................................................................51 18.1 3-&AT& T& -&AT& T& MA&4 P-&3T .....................................................................................................51 18.5 3-&AT& T& -&AT& T& 0&AT,-& 0IL& /T&P 3LA// A42 -,44&- 3LA//..................................................54 -&AT& T& /&L&4I,M LA<&- ' 6&B344&3T- ....................................................................56 18.8 3-&AT& T& -&ATI4 T& B&3T MAP........................................................................................................57 18.% 3-&ATI4 T& 18.; IMPL&M&4T /T&P 3LA//...............................................................................................................58 18.# PA-AM&T&-IE& T& 0&AT,-& 0IL&...............................................................................................59 18.$ -,44I4 T& T&/T T& T&/T 6IT MA&4...............................................................................................59 I4T-/P&3TI4...........................................................................................................................................60



Toic: Toic: /elenium 1. Purpose Purpose of the document document:: The urose oF this this document is to )uide the user user to create create diGerent diGerent tHes oF automation Frameor*s Frameor*s ith /elenium li*e Modular 2ata 2riven Hbrid PM and 3ucumber and imlementin) concets li*e Test4 Test4 ,nit Maven Maven IT and en*ins etc.

2. Software Software Requiremen Requirements: ts: /oFtare &clise I2 Aache PI Test4 Test4 ava Maven 3ucumber en*ins A4T /4 IT

ersion 8.% 8.# 5.# 1.$ 8.8.8 1.5.5 1.#1% 1.9.% 5..% 1.9.;

-emar*s r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her r hi)her

3. Pre-requi Pre-requisites: sites: This ands on assumes assumes that the user user has basic *noled)e *noled)e oF &clise I2 and *no ho to create ProJect ProJect ac*a)e and classes in &clise. A ractitioner level *noled)e on /elenium 6eb 6eb 2river /critin) is eKected beFore beFore )oin) ahead ith the ands on.

4. Global n!ironment Setup: Step 1: Install latest 2? in Hour machine. Step 2: 2onload and install latest &clise I2& For ava && 2eveloers '' htts:eclise.or)donloads

Step 3: Install Test4 in &clise as a lu)in. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Test Automation Architect Architect | IBM India India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpre http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com ss.com


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3oH the ,-L htt:beust.comeclise. en &clise and )o to el ' Install ne /oFtare. Paste the ,-L in the N6or* ithO section select Test4 and clic* neKt. 0inish the installation.

". #ntroductor$ %ote Test automation involves automatin) a manual rocess alreadH in lace that uses a Formalied testin) rocess. •

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Most 7A start out creatin) test scrits bH usin) record > laHbac* tools hich later roves not suQcient For their reRuirements. In second hase 7A usuallH imroves their tests bH creatin) a business Function librarH Modular reusable test libraries oF Functions. 4eKt 7A usuallH imroves their tests bH addin) data'driven techniRues. In the neKt hase 7A usuallH imroves their tests bH creatin) a *eHord'driven librarH. The earlier hase oF 2ata 2riven techniRues and ?eHords to)ether called the Hbrid aroach. As time asses 7As become more technical and imrove their tests bH usin) obJect oriented testin) techniRues. TheH uses hat is called Pa)e bJect Models hich is also the most advanced techniRue oF creatin) Test Automation 0rameor*s. In 515 ith the introduction oF Behavior'2riven 2eveloment 7ASs no have otion to develo Frameor*s ith the 3ucumber tool. 6e ill be tal*in) about all the above techniRues one bH one in the Folloin) eKercises.

Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


&. Guided 'ercise 1: Record ( Pla$bac) 6ith the hel oF /elenium I2& record edit and relaH the test in 0ireFoK.

&.1Selenium #* installation /elenium I2& is an inte)rated develoment environment For /elenium tests. It is imlemented as a 0ireFoK eKtension and allos Hou to record edit and relaH the test in 0ireFoK. /elenium I2& allos Hou to save tests as TML ava -ubH scrits or anH other Format. It allos Hou to automaticallH add assertions to all the a)es. Allos Hou to add /elenese commands as and hen reRuired. 1. ,sin) 0ireFoK rst donload the I2& From the /elenium7 donloads a)e.

5. /elect Install 4o. The 0ireFoK Add'ons indo os u rst shoin) a ro)ress bar and hen the donload is comlete dislaHs the belo indo.



8. -estart 0ireFoK. AFter 0ireFoK reboots Hou ill nd the /elenium'I2& listed under the 0ireFoK Tools menu. %. To run the /elenium'I2& simlH select it From the 0ireFoK Tools menu. It oens as Follos ith an emtH scrit'editin) indo and a menu For loadin) or creatin) ne test cases.



&.2Recodin+ a Selenium ,est ase 1. 5. 8. %. ;.

en 0ireFoK that has the I2& installed. en the base ,-L oF the alication to record. ?ee the alication in a common base state. o to Tools ' /elenium I2& and the I2& ill be oened. 4o erForm the oerations on the alication as Hou are testin) the alication. #. nce Hou are done ith the recordin) clic* on the sto recordin) button and save the test case throu)h the le menu. BH deFault it ill be saved as a selenese scrit (TML Format!. $. eneral /elenese 3ommands: a. 3lic*in) a lin* ' clic* or clic*And6ait commands. b. &nterin) values ' tHe command. c. /electin) otions From a dro'don listboK ' select command. d. 3lic*in) chec*boKes or radio buttons ' clic* command.



&.3Runnin+ our /irst Selenium Script 1. Ma*e sure the alication is in the common base state. 5. 3lic* on the run button. ere Hou can also control the seed oF the eKecution usin) the toolbar. 8. nce the test is run Hou can vie the test lo) in the bottom oF the I2& indo.

&.4reatin+ a ,est Suite 1. In the /elenium I2& Hou can create anH number oF test cases and save them as test suite. 5. To run the test /uite clic* on the NPlaH entire test suiteO button as shon belo.

&."Pla$in+ the test Suite with ,est Runner 1. Test -unner allos Hou to run the test case in a broser loaded ith the /elenium'3ore Test-unner. 5. Test runner is invo*ed bH clic*in) the belo shon button in the I2&.



8. n 3lic*in) the Test -unner Button Hou ill the indo as seen belo.

&.&Runnin+ 0ptions 1. -un a Test 3ase: 3lic* the -un button to run the currentlH dislaHed test case. 5. -un a Test /uite: 3lic* the -un All button to run all the test cases in the currentlH loaded test suite. 8. /to and /tart: The Pause button can be used to sto the test case hile it is runnin). The icon oF this button then chan)es to indicate the -esume button. To continue clic* -esume. %. /to in the Middle:
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&.ddin+ ssertions to the Script 1. /elenium allos multile aHs oF chec*in) For ,I elements. 5. erications and assertions are used to chec* iF ' a. An element is resent somehere on the a)eC b. /ecic teKt is somehere on the a)eC c. /ecic teKt is at a secic location on the a)eC 8. erications and assertions are not one and the same. %. IF an assertion Fails the scrit ill be aborted but iF a verication Fails the scrit ill continue.

&.eri5cation ommands 1. veriFHTeKtPresent a. This command is used to chec* iF a articular teKt is resent in a a)e or not. b. To add this command hile recordin) the test stes ri)ht clic* on the teKt item that Hou ant veriFH. nce ri)ht clic*ed Hou can nd an otion N/ho all commandsO. n 3lic*in) it Hou ill nd an otion NveriFHTeKtPresentO select it.



5. veriFHTitle a. This command is used to chec* iF the a)e title is correct or not. b. To add this command 6hile recordin) the test stes ri)ht clic* anHhere on the a)e that Hou ant veriFH. nce ri)ht clic*ed Hou can nd an otion N/ho all commandsO. n 3lic*in) it Hou ill nd an otion NveriFHTitleO select it.



8. veriFH&lementPresent a. This command is used to veriFH iF a a)e element is resent in the a)e or not. b. To add this command 6hile recordin) the test stes ri)ht clic* anH element on the a)e that Hou ant veriFH. nce ri)ht clic*ed Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


Hou can nd an otion N/ho all commandsO. n 3lic*in) it Hou ill nd an otion NveriFH&lementPresentO select it.

%. veriFHalue a. This method is used to chec* iF edit boK has articular value or iF the chec* boK is on. BasicallH this method returns the value oF resent in the obJect.



b. To add this command 6hile recordin) the test stes ri)ht clic* anH element on the a)e that Hou ant veriFH the value oF. nce ri)ht clic*ed Hou can nd an otion N/ho all commandsO. n 3lic*in) it Hou ill nd an otion NveriFHalueO select it.

&.6ssertion Statements 1. assertTeKtPresent This ill assert iF the teKt is resent in the a)e 5. assertTeKt This ill assert iF a articular element is havin) the articular teKt. •

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8. assertTitle This ill assert iF the a)e is havin) a roer title. %. assertalue This ill assert iF a TeKt boK or chec* boK has a articular value ;. assert&lementPresent This ill assert iF a articular ,I &lement is resent in the a)e. •

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&.17 Selenium 8ait/or ommands 1. ait0orPa)eToLoad a. This command ill ma*e the scrit to ait till the a)e loads. b. /HntaK is ait0orPa)eToLoad (timeout!U Time out is the maKimum time the scrit ill ait For the a)e to load.

5. ait0orAlert This command ill ait For the alert messa)e to aear 8. ait0orTable This command ill ait For the 6eb table to comletelH load in the a)e %. ait0orTitle This command ill For the a)e Title to aear on the broser. ;. ther ait0or commands /elenium has several other ait command li*e ait0orTeKt ait0orPou and so on. These commands are )enericallH called /Hnchroniation commands. •

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#ntrospection

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There are maJor limitation oF the above record > laHbac* aroach. 1. 3an run the test onlH on 0ireFoK. 5. 4o Pro)rammin) lo)in (li*e loos conditional statements! can be alied. 8. /elenium I2& can eKecute scrits created in /elenese onlH. %. It is diQcult to use /elenium I2& For chec*in) comleK test cases involvin) dHnamic contents. To overcome these limitations, QA usuall improves their tests b creatin! a business "unction librar, reusable test libraries o" "unctions# This is $escribe$ in the ne%t e%ercise#

. Guided 'ercise 2: 9ibrar$ rchitecture ,estin+ /ramewor) 3reate a LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor* ith /elenium and Test4. 3reate Function libraries For common tas* in the Frameor*.



oncept: ,his includes ei+ht parts  1. 5. 8. %. ;. #. $. ".

Plan For the characteristics oF 0rameor*. &nvironment setu secic to the Frameor*. 2esi)n a basic Vo temlates oF Frameor*. Preare test data. Preare Functions reRuired. 6rite test scrits. 2ecide driver le. &Kecute test scrits and )et sho results.

.1Plan for the characteristics of /ramewor). &rame'ork Tpe: LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor*. Test 3haracteristics: a. 6e initialie 0ireFoK 2river and lo)in in the BeFore method. The ,-L can be read From the con) class. b. AFter BeFore method e ill create the Test method and rite our actual test code. 6e maH reRuire to access the values stored in the bJect Ma and con) class. c. LastlH e ill create the AFter method For lo)out and Ruittin) the broser. d. 6e ill create common Functions For tas*s li*e Lo)in and lo)out. e. 0or runnin) the scrit Hou ill use the testin).Kml le.

.2n!ironment setup speci5c to the framewor). 1. 2onload 6eb2river Jar les '' htt:.seleniumhR.or)donload 2. 4o in &clise create a ne roJect bH clic*in) on 0ile menu @ 4e @ ava ProJect ' 4ame the roJect as NtestroJectO and clic* nish. 3. 4o -i)ht'clic* on testProJect and select Proerties. 4. n the Proerties indo clic* on Nava Build PathO. ". 3lic* on the Libraries tab and then clic* NAdd &Kternal A-sO &. 4avi)ate to 3:Wselenium'5.8$.W (or anH other location here Hou saved the eKtracted contents oF NJar les.iO!. . Add all the A- les inside and outside the NlibsO Folder.


.3*esi+n a basic ;ow< templates of framewor). The LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor* is FundamentallH and FoundationallH built on Module Based Testin) 0rameor* ith some additional advanta)es. Instead oF dividin) the alication under test into test scrits e se)re)ate the alication into Functions or rather common Functions can be used bH the other arts oF the alication as ell. Thus e create a common librarH constitutin) oF common Functions For the alication under test. ThereFore these libraries can be called ithin the test scrits henever reRuired.

The basic Fundamental behind the Frameor* is to determine the common stes and )rou them into Functions under a librarH and call those Functions in the test scrits henever reRuired. (%ample: The lo)in stes can be combined into a Function and *et into a librarH. Thus all the test scrits those reRuire to lo)in the alication can call that Function instead oF ritin) the code all over a)ain. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


.4Prepare test data. Test data is hard coded in this Frameor*. &ach test scrit has its on data encasulated ithin its on lo)ic. 2ata sharin) is not ossible in this aroach hich is its maJor disadvanta)e.

."Prepare functions required. 1. 6e can create small reusable Functions hich are commonlH used in most oF our test scrits and *ee them in a searate le. Those Functions ill be called bH our test scrits hile erFormin) diGerent actions.

.&8rite test scripts. Step 1: 3reate /crit ac*a)e. Inside the src Folder create a scrit ac*a)e. Inside the obJect ac*a)e create a class N2emoTest.JavaO. The N2emoTest.JavaO ill contain Hour actual scrit. This Folder ill contain all Hour roJect related scrits. • • • •



)ote 3: I)nore the errors in the code sniet. Those are due to some name conVict.
.*ecide dri!er 5le. Step 1: 3reate testin).Kml le. Inside the root Folder create testin).Kml le The le ill contain the test name hich has to be eKecuted. • •



.'ecute test scripts and +et show results. Step 1: -i)ht clic* on the testin).Kml le. Step 2: /elect -un as ' Test4 /uite. Step 3: o to test'outut Folder ()enerated automaticallH! and oen the indeK.html For the reorts.

#ntrospection The limitations oF the above LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor* is that the data is hard coded inside the scrits. 0or anH chan)e in the data e need to chan)e each and everH scrits here it is used. To overcome this limitation, QA usuall improves their tests b a$$in! $ata*$riven techni+ues# e 'ill see that in the ne%t e%ercise.

. Guided 'ercise 3: *ata *ri!en /ramewor) 3reate a 2ata 2riven testin) (22T! 0rameor* ith /elenium and Test4. -ead the data From the eKcel le and obJect From the obJect ma. ?ee all the common static variables in the con) le.



.1Plan for the characteristics of /ramewor). &rame'ork Tpe: 2ata 2riven 0rameor*. Test 3haracteristics: a. In our test scrit e ill rst read the values From the data eKcel le and store all reRuired data in some variable. b. /econdlH e initialie 0ireFoK 2river and lo)in in the BeFore method. The ,-L can be read From the con) class. c. AFter BeFore method e ill create the Test method and rite our actual test code. 6e maH reRuire to access the values stored in the bJect Ma and con) class.



d. LastlH e ill create the AFter method For lo)out and Ruittin) the broser. e. 0or runnin) the scrit Hou ill use the testin).Kml le.

.2n!ironment setup speci5c to the framewor). This is same as the LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor*.
.3*esi+n a basic ;ow< templates of framewor). 2ata 2riven Testin) 0rameor* hels the user se)re)ate the test scrit lo)ic and the test data. It lets the user store the test data into an eKternal database li*e roertH les Kml les eKcel les teKt les etc.

The eKamle in the icture belo shos a real time &clise vie oF a /elenium temlate 0rameor* hich e ill be develoin)



The basic comonents are: a. 3on)uration.Java contains static data li*e alication ,-LXs and le aths. b. 2ataProvider.Kls contains data eKcel les. c. =lsD-eader.Java contains code to read or rite eKcel data les. d. bJectMa.Java contains obJect reositorH. e. 2emoTest.Java is Hour actual test scrits. F. Test'outut is the Folder hich contains normal TML reorts. ). =/LTD-eorts Folder contains the =/LT reorts. h. Build.Kml is reRuired For A4T and testin).Kml is to run Hour test scrits.

.4Prepare test data. Step 1: 3reate con) ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a con) ac*a)e. 3reate a class inside the ac*a)e Ncon)uration.JavaO. The con) le ill contain all static data li*e Broser ath Alication ,-L etc. deendin) on Hour need.
•



Step 2: 3reate data ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a data ac*a)e. 3reate an eKcel le inside the ac*a)e Ndatarovider.KlsO. The eKcel le ill contain all data li*e ' testcase name username assord search strin) etc.
•



Step 3: 3reate bJect ac*a)e. Inside the src Folder create an obJect ac*a)e. Inside the obJect ac*a)e create a class NbJectMa.JavaO. This NbJectMa.JavaO ill contain all the obJect =Path3// locators.


."Prepare functions required. Step 1: 3reate heler ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a heler ac*a)e. Inside the heler ac*a)e create a class N=lsD-eader.JavaO. 3oH and aste the code attached inside the class. 2onload and include the Aache PI Jar les. htt:oi.aache.or)donload.html This N=lsD-eader.JavaO basicallH ill contain the code For readrite Frominto the data le. • •

•

•

=lsD-eader.Java



.&8rite test scripts. Step 1: 3reate /crit ac*a)e. Inside the src Folder create a scrit ac*a)e. Inside the obJect ac*a)e create a class N2emoTest.JavaO. The N2emoTest.JavaO ill contain Hour actual scrit. This Folder ill contain all Hour roJect related scrits. • • • •

)ote 1: The code ill read the bJect Ma and 3on) le bH reFerrin) to their static class. e.). driver.nd&lement (BH.name (bJectMa.serchPa)e.submit!!.clic* (!U )ote 2: The =Ls reader class needs to be initialied and read the reRuired data at the be)innin) oF the test. )ote 3: I)nore the errors in the code sniet. Those are due to some name conVict.


.*ecide dri!er 5le. Step 1: 3reate testin).Kml le. Inside the root Folder create testin).Kml le The le ill contain the test name hich has to be eKecuted. • •

.'ecute test scripts and +et show results. Step 1: -i)ht clic* on the testin).Kml le. Step 2: /elect -un as ' Test4 /uite. Step 3: o to test'outut Folder ()enerated automaticallH! and oen the indeK.html For the reorts.

#ntrospection The ?eHord driven testin) Frameor* is an eKtension to 2ata driven Testin) 0rameor* in a sense that it not onlH se)re)ates the test data From the scrits it also *ees the certain set oF code belon)in) to the test scrit into an eKternal data le. -et.s learn ho' to implement Ke'or$ $riven &rame'ork 'ith Selenium#



6. Guided 'ercise 4: =$brid /ramewor) >*ata ? @e$wordA 3reate a Hbrid testin) 0rameor* ith /elenium and Test4. Imlement ?eHord and data driven techniRues.



6.1Plan for the characteristics of /ramewor). &rame'ork Tpe: Hbrid 0rameor*. Test 3haracteristics: a. In our test scrit e ill rst read the values From the data eKcel le and store all reRuired data in some variable. b. /econdlH e ill create ?eHord eKcel le and imlement those *eHords. c. Then e initialie 0ireFoK 2river and lo)in in the BeFore method. The ,-L can be read From the con) class. d. AFter BeFore method e ill create the Test method and rite our actual test code. 6e maH reRuire to access the values stored in the bJect Ma con) class and *eHords eKcel le. e. LastlH e ill create the AFter method For lo)out and Ruittin) the broser. F. 0or runnin) the scrit Hou ill use the testin).Kml le.

6.2n!ironment setup speci5c to the framewor). This is same as the LibrarH Architecture Testin) 0rameor*.


6.3*esi+n a basic ;ow< templates of framewor). These set oF code are *non as ?eHords and hence the Frameor* is so named. ?eH ords are selF')uidin) as to hat actions needs to be erFormed on the alication.

The *eHords and the test data are stored in a tabular li*e structure and thus it is also oularlH re)arded as Table driven 0rameor*. Ta*e a notice that *eHords and test data are entities indeendent oF the automation tool bein) used. Belo is the basic structure in &clise.

1. The 3on) ac*a)e contains the con)uration inFormationSs same as in data driven Frameor*. It has eKtra one KlK le hich contains the ?eHords (controller.KlsK!. 5. 2atatable contains the =L/ reader. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


8. Testscrit are the individual test secic to the alication. %. ?eHords.Java is the imlementation oF the *eHords.

6.4Prepare test data. Step 1: 3reate con) ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a con) ac*a)e. 3reate a class inside the ac*a)e Ncon)uration.JavaO. The con) le ill contain all static data li*e Broser ath Alication ,-L etc. deendin) on Hour need.
•

Step 2: 3reate data ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a data ac*a)e. 3reate an eKcel le inside the ac*a)e Ndatarovider.KlsO. The eKcel le ill contain all data li*e ' testcase name username assord search strin) etc.
•



Step 3: 3reate bJect ac*a)e. Inside the src Folder create an obJect ac*a)e. Inside the obJect ac*a)e create a class NbJectMa.JavaO. This NbJectMa.JavaO ill contain all the obJect =Path3// locators.


6."Prepare functions required. Step 1: 3reate heler ac*a)e: Inside the src Folder create a heler ac*a)e. Inside the heler ac*a)e create a class N=lsD-eader.JavaO. 3oH and aste the code attached inside the class. 2onload and include the Aache PI Jar les. htt:oi.aache.or)donload.html This N=lsD-eader.JavaO basicallH ill contain the code For readrite Frominto the data le. • •

•

•

=lsD-eader.Java

6.&8rite @e$word 1. There are to arts in this. a. 0irst create the controller.KlsK le hich ill contain all the *eHords. This le is test scrit secic. &verH test scrit ill have its on *eHord Kls le.



b. /econdlH e need to imlement the *eHords in the Java le. This is test scrit indeendent. All the *eHords have to be imlemented here.

5. The *eHords.Java le ill contain alication indeendent *eHords li*e @ clic*Lin* clic*Button 4avi)ateTo,-L veriFH&lement veriFHTeKt etc.



6.8rite test scripts. 1. The test scrit ill have three section: a. BeFore3lass:
b. Test: -ead the controller.KlsK le and eKecute the *eHords ritten in ?eHords.Java.



c. AFter/uite: 6rite the reort iF anH.

)ote 1: 3on)uration les can be imlemented either in the Form oF teKt le or Java class le. IF it is a teKt le (-.roerties! then Hou need to rite the code to read it. IF it is a Java class le then theH can be easilH reFerred bH their static class name. )ote 2: The =Ls reader class needs to be initialied and read the reRuired data at the be)innin) oF the test. )ote 3: I)nore the errors in the code sniet. Those are due to some name conVict.
6.*ecide dri!er 5le. Step 1: 3reate testin).Kml le. Inside the root Folder create testin).Kml le The le ill contain the test name hich has to be eKecuted. • •



6.6'ecute test scripts and +et show results. Step 1: -i)ht clic* on the testin).Kml le. Step 2: /elect -un as ' Test4 /uite. Step 3: o to test'outut Folder ()enerated automaticallH! and oen the indeK.html For the reorts.

#ntrospection 3reatin) /elenium test cases can result in an unmaintainable roJect. ne oF the reasons is that too manH dulicated code is used. 2ulicated code could be caused bH dulicated FunctionalitH and this ill result in dulicated usa)e oF locators. The disadvanta)e oF dulicated code is that the roJect is less maintainable. IF some locator ill chan)e Hou have to al* throu)h the hole test code to adJust locators here necessarH. BH usin) the a)e obJect model e can ma*e non'brittle test code and reduce or eliminate dulicate test code. Beside oF that it imroves the readabilitH and allos us to create interactive documentation. Last but not least e can create tests ith less *eHstro*e. An imlementation oF the a)e obJect model can be achieved bH searatin) the abstraction oF the test obJect and the test scrits.



17. Guided 'ercise ": Pa+e 0bBect Codel 3reate a test automation Frameor* ith the hel oF Pa)e bJect Model.

oncept: ,his includes three parts  1. o to start. 5. 3reate Lo)in Pa)e class. 8. 3reate test cases. All the other concets remains the same as the other Frameor*s li*e @ data readin) con) les =L/ -eader bJect Ma and driver testin).Kml le to run the test.

17.1 =ow to start. 1. 3reate a Y4e Pac*a)eS le and name it as Ya)ebJectsS bH ri)ht clic* on the ProJect and select 4e  Pac*a)e. 6e ill be creatin) diGerent ac*a)es For Pa)e bJects ,tilities Test 2ata Test 3ases and Modular actions. It is alaHs recommended to use this structure as it is easH to understand easH to use and easH to maintain. 5. 3reate a Y4e 3lassS le and reFer the name to the actual a)e From the test obJect bH ri)ht clic* on the above created Pac*a)e and select 4e  3lass. In our case it is ome Pa)e and Lo)In Pa)e. 8. 4o create a /tatic Method For each &lement (bJect! in the ome Pa)e. &ach method ill have an Ar)ument (driver! and a -eturn value (element!.

%. 2river is bein) assed as an Ar)ument so that /elenium is able to locate the element on the broser (driver!. ;. &lement is returned so that an Action can be erFormed on it. #. Method is declared as Public /tatic so that it can be called in anH other method ithout instantiate the class. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


17.2 reate 9o+#n Pa+e class 1. 3reate the Lo)in a)e class.



5. 3reate 3reate a Y4e Y4e 3lassY 3lassY and name it as PMDT PMDT3 3 bH ri)ht clic* clic* on the Yautomation0rameor*Y Pac*a)e and select 4e  3lass. 6e ill be creatin) all our test cases under this ac*a)e.

17.3 17 .3 reate reate ,est ,est case. case. 1. 4o create create ne ne Pa)e Pa)e bJect bJect Model Model test test case. case.



5.


#ntrospection There are are as such no serious serious limitations For the the above Pa)e Pa)e bJect Model 0rameor* but e can introduce certain ne Features to it to ma*e it more oerFul and industrH u'to'the'minute. Till no' 'e have create$ out pro/ect in eclipse manuall an$ a$$e$ the /ars manuall# -et.s inte!rate 0A() to $o all these "or us.



11. Guided 'ercise &: Ca!en 3reate a Maven ProJect and imort it in &clise.

11.1 8h$ Ca!en ProBectD 1. Maven uses PM.Kml here Hou can rovide all Hour Jar le name and version. Maven ill automaticallH donload all the reRuired Jars in &clise. 5. IF multile eole are or*in) on the same ProJect there is a chance oF mismatch in the Jar le version and sHnchroniation. 6ith Maven Hou can share the PM.Kml across the team members and ensure that all oF them are usin) the same Jar les ith same version. 8. It is industrH standard. %. Maven ill create a T&/T and MAI4 Folder in eclise. This is MavenSs deFault Folder structure.
11.2 *ownload and con5+ure Ca!en 3.3.3 1. o to htt:maven.aache.or)donload.c)i 5. 2onload the aache'maven'8.8.8'bin.i le and eKtract in Hour machine. 8. 3reate an &nvironment variable NM5DM&O and )ive the ath oF Maven directorH in Hour machine. %. &dit the NPATO variable and add the bin directorH ath oF Maven at the end oF it. ;. /et the AADM& iF it is not set. #. en command console and tHe Nmvn @versionO. $. IF maven version is shoin) correctlH then Hou are all set ith Maven.

11.3 reate a Ca!en ProBect 1. 3reate a directorH N2emoProJectO in Hour machine here Hou ant to create the Maven ProJect. 5. en command console and )o inside the N2emoProJectO Folder. 8. THe Nmvn archetHe:)enerateO %. Press enter hen romt ith N3hoose a numberO. ;. &nter )rouid as Ncom.testin)O. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


#. &nter artiFactid as NMHMavenProJectO. $. Press &nter hen as*ed For the version. ". Press &nter hen as*ed to choose ac*a)e name.

11.4 on!ert the Ca!en ProBect into clipse ProBect. 1. AFter Hou run the Nmvn archetHe: )enerateO command successFullH Hou ill see the src Folder and PM.Kml le in the roJect directorH. 5. 4o Hou need to convert this roJect to an &clise roJect so that Hou can imort it in &clise 8. o to command romt and )o inside the roJect Folder OMHMavenProJect Nand tHe the command Nmvn eclise:ecliseO. %. .roJect and .classle les ill )et )enerated in the NMHMavenProJectO Folder. ;. 4o Hour roJect is readH to be imorted in eclise. #. o to eclise and ri)ht clic* to imort the ProJect.

11." han+e P0C.'ml 1. In PM.Kml e *ee all the deendent Jar les hich automaticallH ill be donloaded hen e comile the roJect ith Maven. 5. Belo is a samle PM.Kml. 4ote the deendent section.



8. en the eKistin) PM.Kml in the roJect and edit it. Add all the deendencies Hou need For Hour roJect. %.
11.& ompile with Ca!en 1. en 3ommand console and )o inside the roJect Folder. 5. THe Nmvn comileO. This ill comile Hour roJect and brin)s all the Jars mentioned in the PM.Kml.

11. reate C2ERP0 !ariable 1. AFter Hou eKecute Nmvn comileO successFullH all the deendent Jars ill be donloaded in the ath N3:W2ocuments > /ettin)sWuserW.m5WreositorHO. 5. en &clise and )o to ava Build Path ' Libraries. 3lic* on NAdd ariableO and add a variable called NM5D-&PO ith the ath oF Hour reositorH. 8.


#ntrospection


12. Guided 'ercise : # with Fen)ins and G#, 3reate a ne reositorH in IT,B and uload Hour roJect les. /chedule the build in en*ins and mail to the admin iF build Fails.

12.1 #nstallin+ Fen)ins and con5+urin+ with G#, This has been covered in the resentation. Please reFer the NIT IT,B > en*insO resentation.

12.2 reatin+ G#, repositor$ and uploadin+ the proBect. 1. en )ithub.com and si)n in. 5. 3lic* on the ne reositorH button.

8. Provide the reositorH name. %. /elect NPublicO or NPrivateO. ;. 3lic* 3reate reositorH.



#. en N)itbashO in the -un. $. o to the ProJect location and tHe the belo commands one aFter another in the )itbash For creatin) ne reositorH: a. )it init b. )it add . c. )it commit @m Nrst commitO d. )it remote add ori)in )it)ithub.com:usernamereositorH name.)it e. )it ush @u ori)in master ". This ill add commit and ush all Hour roJect les in )ithub.

12.3 Run the ProBect usin+ Fen)ins. 1. o to command console and start en*ins.

5. en en*ins at Nlocalhost:""O. 8. 3lic* N4e itemO and rovide the item name. 3lic* ?.



%. /elect the /ource 3ode Mana)ement as NITO. ;. Provide the reositorH ,-L hich Hou nd inside IT,B hen Hou oen Hour roJect reositorH.



#. Add a build tri))er iF Hou ant.

$. Add Build stes. IF it is Maven ProJect select N&Kecute to'level Maven tar)etsO.

". 0or eKamle iF Hou ant to run Nmvn testO add onlH NtestO.



9. Provide email id For build Failure notications.

1./ave the a)e. 11.o to N2ashboardO and Hou can no see the roJect in the list.
15.n clic*in) NBuild 4oO Hou can see the ro)ress in the leFt hand anel. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


18.3lic* on the build number and then clic* on the console outut.

1%.


13. Guided 'ercise : ucumber /ramewor) 3reate Automation Test 0rameor* ith /elenium and 3ucumber. Ta*e /alesForce as the eKamle ebsite.

oncept: ,his includes se!en parts  %. 3reate the Maven ProJect. ;. 3reate the Feature le ste class and runner class. #. 3reate the selenium laHer @ 6eb3onnector. $. 3reatin) the bJect ma. ". Imlement ste class. 9. Parameterie the Feature le. 1.-unnin) the test ith Maven.

13.1 reate the Ca!en ProBect 1. 3reate a Maven roJect as shon in the above eKercise For Maven. ,se the PM.Kml attached. (om.Kml

5. AFter Hou create the Frameor* throu)h Maven it ill loo* similar to the belo )ure.



8. ATest.Java is a temlate hich is automaticallH created bH Maven.




13.2 reate the feature 5le< step class and runner class. 1. 3reate the Feature le.

5. 3reate the rst lo)in test in the Feature le.



8. 3reate the ste class.

%. 3reate the Feature le and the ste class under diGerent source Folder but under same ac*a)e name. This is as er industrH standard but Hou can *ee them under the same Folder as ell. ;. 3reate a runner class.

#. -un the test 'ri)ht clic* on the roJect ' run as unit Test.



13.3 reate the selenium la$er - 8ebonnector 1. 6eb3onnector is the selenium laHer called bH the ste classes. 5. 6hen e run the runner class it ill call the ste class. The ste class ill ta*e the inut From the 0eature les and run bH usin) the selenium Functions ritten inside the 6eb3onnector methods.

8.

13.4 reatin+ the 0bBect map. 1. There are to aHs to create the bJect ma. a. 3reate a teKt le and ut all the obJects there. Then rite a ro)ram to read the teKt le. b. 3reate a class le and ut all the bJects as static variable.
13." #mplement step class. Author: Pranab Kumar Ghatak Test Automation Architect | IBM India Pvt. Ltd. Blog: http://pranabghatak.wordpress.com


1. 4o imlement the ste class.

13.& Parameterie the feature 5le 1.


5. This ill run the same test as number oF times as manH ros Hou secied in the Feature le.

13. Runnin+ the test with Ca!en. 1. The PM.Kml that e are usin) has all the inFormationSs e need. a. Build inFormationSs: AnH ne source Folder created bH the user. b. Plu)in: Tells Maven to eKecute the test c. Inte)ration hase: Tells Maven hich hase oF the test Hou ant to run. d. 3ucumber.ai.cli.Main: &Kecution starts From here.


Selenium Frameworks

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