UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES FACULT ACULTAD DE INGENIE INGE NIERIA RIA
MATERIA LABORATORIO DE FISICA BASICA I SIGLA LFIS-100
EXPERIMENTO SEGUNDA LEY DE NEWTON
INFORME DE LABORATORIO No. 4
DATOS PERSONALES
GESTION I / 2016
Contenido INFORME DE LABORATORIO No. 4....................................................................1 SEGUNDA LEY DE NEWTON.............................................................................1 1.
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=.1. P)o"$;$"(#o " +* &"'(* +"5 " N"#o(-;*&* o(*(#"..........3 =.2. P)o"$;$"(#o ,*)* +* &"'(* +"5 " N"#o(-<")9* o(*#"... .. ..4 =.3. P)o"$;$"(#o ,*)* ;78$(* " *#oo...........................................4 6.
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Tablas. T*+* T*+* T*+* T*+* T*+* T*+*
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INFORME DE LABORATORIO No. 4 SEGNDA LE! DE NE"TON #.Ob$eti%os. #.#. Ob$eti%o &eneral. V")$*) +*& *)*#")$*& *")* " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( 5 +* ",)"&$( " +* *"+")*$( " +* ;78$(* " A#oo. #.'. •
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Ob$eti%os es(ec)*cos. O#"(") +* )"+*$( ",")$;"(#*+ "(#)" +* *"+")*$( 5 +* <")9* "( +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( ;*&* o(*(#". D"#");$(*) "+ $(#")%*+o " o(*(9* " +* ;*&* M " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o(: ;*&* o(*(#". O#"(") +* )"+*$( "(#)" ;*&* 5 *"+")*$( "( &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( <")9* o(*(#". D"#");$(*) "+ $(#")%*+o " o(*(9* "+ ",o("(#" " +* )"+*$( "(#)" ;*&* 5 *"+")*$( " &"'(* +"5 " ("#o(: <")9* o(*(#". D"#");$(*) "+ $(#")%*+o " o(*(9* " +* ,"($"(#" " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( D"#");$(*) "+ $(#")%*+o " o(*(9* " +* *"+")*$( "( +* ;78$(* " A#oo. D"#");$(*) "+ %*+o) #")$o " +* *"+")*$( "( +* ;78$(* " A#oo.
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LFIS-100
m2 g − m1 g m1 + m2
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4.Materiales utili3ados. 4.#. Material utili3ado (ara la se&unda le de ne/ton 0asa constante 5uer3a constante. Fo#o ,")#*. Po+"*. Po)#* ,"&*&. D"&+$9*o). C*))$+ ($%"+*o. P"&*& • • • • • • •
4.'. • • • • •
Material utili3ado (ar 012uina de At/ood. Fo#o ,")#*. $+o. Po+"*&. P"&*&. C*!* *;o)#$'*o)*.
6.7rocedi0iento. 6.#. 7rocedi0iento de la se&unda le de Ne/ton80asa constante. S" ;o(# "+ *))"'+o o;o &" $($* "( +* ')*1 " +* ,)*#$* 4 "+ ;*(*+ " <&$* ",")$;"(#*+ "+ I('. So)$*: o+o*(o o& ;*&*&: " *,)o$;**;"(#" =0 ': "( "+ "&+$9*o) (* "( ** +*oH 5 $"9 ,"&*& "( "+ ,o)#* ,"&*&. E+ *))$+ &" ($%"+o o;o &" $9o "( +* ,)*#$* 2 " ;o%$;$"(#o ($
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LFIS-100
P7'$(* 4
&") o)$o +" *,*'*oH. S" *#$% "+ o#( " #o;*) *#o&: &" &o+# "+ "&+$9*o): o(" "+ ,)o')*;* +*(9o (* &")$" *#o& o(" &" ,)o"$ * ++"(*) +* #*+* 1 " +* o!* " *#o& ,*)* $<")"(#"& %*+o)"& " ; 2 5 ,*)* ;*(#"(") o(*(#" M: "( ** o*&$(: &" 8$# o& ,"&*& "+ ,o)#* ,"&*& 5 &" o+o "( "+ "&+$9*o) (* "( ** +*oH ;$$(o+* ("%* ;*&* "+ ,o)#* ,"&*&. 6.'. 7rocedi0iento (ara la se&unda le de Ne/ton85uer3a constate. S" )"#$) +*& ;*&*& "+ "&+$9*o) 5 &" $&,&o "+ ,o)#* ,"&*& " ;*(")* 8" & ;*&* ; 2 &" *,)o$;**;"(#" $'*+ * 20 '. D" ;*(")* &$;$+*) * +* #*+* 1 " +* o!* " *#o&: &" ++"( +* #*+* 2 "* %"9: ,*)* $<")"(#"& %*+o)"& " ; 1. A ,*)#$) " +* ;*&* "+ "&+$9*o) %*o: ;1 &" $()";"(# "( ,*&o& " 100' *,)o$;**;"(#": o+o*(o "( "+ "&+$9*o). •
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LFIS-100
7rocedi0iento (ara 012uina de at/ood. S" ;o(# "+ *))"'+o " +* ')* 2 "+ ;*(*+ " +* ,)7#$* 4 <&$* ",")$;"(#*+ " I('. So)$*: o( ; 1 *,)o$;**;"(#" * 300'. +* *!* *;o)#$'*o)* "& &** ,*)* &*%$9*) "+ $;,*#o " ;2 *+ (*+ " & )"o))$o. L* +o('$# "+ $+o <" #*+ 8" +* ,*)#" &,")$o) " ; 1 8"" *,)o$;**;"(#" * @0; " +*& ,o+"*& 5 8" +* *&"& " ; 28"" *,)o$;**;"(#" * 20; "+ 0' 5 &" ++"( +* #*+*4 " +* o!* " *#o& "(
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9.Trata0iento de datos. 9.#. Trata0iento de datos (ara la se&unda le de Ne/ton8 0asa constante. Co( +* #*+* 1 " +* o!* " *#o&: 5 o( +o& ,)o;"$o& " * 5 •
+* "*$( =: &" "+*o) ( #*+* a − F
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L* )"+*$( ",")$;"(#*+ #$"(" +*
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√
(∑ F / ∑ a )− M s M ´ = n −1 2
2
2
Y "+ $(#")%*+o " o(*(9* o(
´ ± t c s M ´ M = M
9.'. Trata0iento de datos (ara la se&unda le de ne/ton8 5uer3a constante. Co( +* #*+* 2 " +* o!* " *#o&: 5 o( +* "*$( 6 5 +o& •
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LFIS-100
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LFIS-100
2
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LFIS-100
m 2 g −m 1 g m 1 + m2
=
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:.Cuestionario. •
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LFIS-100
;Se %eri*co la ecuaci,n :< es decir la se&unda le de ne/ton= se (rob, la >i(,tesis de 2ue M es i&ual al %alor 0edido directa0ente a un ni%el de con*an3a del ?@= E(licar R. "( "+ ",")$;"(#o " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( &" %")$o +* "*$( ?: 5* 8" +o& "))o)"& "(o(#)*o& &o( ,"8"o&: "o "& "$o * 8" &" )"*+$9 $"( "+ ",")$;"(#o: 5 &" *&";"!* *+ %*+o) #")$o. ;Se (rob, la >i(,tesis de 2ue el e(onente de M en la ecuaci,n @ es 8# a un ni%el de con*an3a del ?@= E(licar. R. "+ "(o(#)*o &" *")* *+ %*+o) #")$o: o( ( "))o) ,"8"o: +o *+ &" ,"" "$) 8" &" ,)o +* $,#"&$&. ;Se (rob, la >i(,tesis de 2ue F es i&ual al %alor calculado con la ecuaci,n 6 e un ni%el de con*an3a del ?@= E(licar. R. "( "+ ",")$;"(#o " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( &" %")$o +* "*$( =: 5* 8" +o& "))o)"& "(o(#)*o& &o( ,"8"o&: "o "& "$o * 8" &" )"*+$9 $"( "+ ",")$;"(#o. De acuerdo con el estudio e(eri0ental de la se&unda le de ne/ton ;C,0o (odr)a de*nirse la 0asa= E(licar. En la tierra se&uro 2ue usted no se ani0ar)a a (e&arle un buen (unta(i a una (iedra &rande ;se ani0ar)a en el es(acio= E(licar. R. +* ;*&* "& +* *(#$* " ;*#")$* 8" ,o&"" ( "),o: 5 ,"" ++"'*) * #"(") ,"&o *(o "" &" "("(#)" "( ( &$";* o( ')*%"*. No ;" *($;*)* * ,"'*)+" * (* ,$")* "( "+ "&,*$o: 5* 8" #o* ;*#")$* 8" ,o&"" ;*&* #$"(" (* )"*$( o,"*. 7ara los dos casos estudiados en la 012uina de At/ood se (rob, la >i(,tesis de 2ue la aceleraci,n est1 dada (or la ecuaci,n @ a un ni%el de con*an3a del ?@= E(licar. R. "( "+ ",")$;"(#o " +* &"'(* +"5 " ("#o( &" %")$o +* "*$( @: 5* 8" +o& "))o)"& "(o(#)*o& " +* *"+")*$( &o( ,"8"o: "o "& "$o * 8" &" )"*+$9 $"( "+ ",")$;"(#o.
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@.Conclusiones. E( "" +*o)*#o)$o &" ,o o&")%*) 8" "$" (* )"+*$( $)"#*;"(#" ,)o,o)$o(*+ "(#)" +* <")9* 5 +* *"+")*$(: 5* 8" * ;*5o) * *5 ;*5o) <")9*: ,o) +* #*(#o & ')** &" *&";"!* $"*+;"(#" * (* )"#*. S"'( +o& *#o& o#"($o& 5 +o& *(7+$&$& )"&,"#$%o&: +o& "))o)"& "( +* ",")$;"(#*$( &" ""( * +o &$'$"(#" •
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L* &"'(* +"5 " N"#o( "& %7+$* ,*)* "),o& 5* ;*&* "& o(*(#". ";o& ,o$o (o#*) 8" "+ &o<#*)" Lo''") P)oH &*o "( (")* ,)7#$* " +*o)*#o)$o "& ;5 "*9 "( & "&";,"o: *(o (o +o &* " ;*(")* o))"#*.
LFIS-100
P7'$(* 10
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?.Reco0endaciones. •
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Aneos.
P7'$(* 11
LFIS-100
P7'$(* 1