La Salle College Antipolo
A Research Paper On Teenage Music Genre: OPM or Foreign
In Partial Fulfillment Of the requirements for English 10
Submitted by: Antonette Joyce V. Fungo Ian Jay Briñosa V-A February 28, 2014
Submitted to Ms Johanna O. Solero 1
Table of Contents
Title Page …………………………………………………………………………………………..… i
Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………..….. ii
Outline ………………………………………………………………………………………………… iii
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………... 1
Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
Results ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Discussion …………………………………………………………………………………………... 18
References ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
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Outline Topic: Teenage Music Genre: OPM or Foreign
Music has many definitions, has different categories and types or genres, and listening to it becomes people’s hobby. The music or songs that emerged before is very different with those that is emerging nowadays whether it’s local or foreign. It is undeniable that teenagers of today are either music lovers or just fond of listening to music. The music that they are listening to is either from our local songs or songs from other country. Local music is what we call OPM or Original Pinoy Music that are being sung by our local artist. On the other hand, the music from other country includes Asian music, American music, and European music.
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II. III. IV. V.
Music A. definition B. categories and types or genres C. music as a hobby Famous music (songs and artists) A. famous artists before and of today B. songs before and of today Teenagers love in music OPM Foreign songs in the Philippines
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Introduction Music has many definitions, has different categories and types or genres, and listening to it becomes people’s hobby. The music or songs that emerged before is very different with those that is emerging nowadays whether it’s local or foreign. It is undeniable that teenagers of today are either music lovers or just fond of listening to music. The music that they are listening to is either from our local songs or songs from other country. Local music is what we call OPM or Original Pinoy Music that are being sung by our local artist. On the other hand, the music from other country includes Asian music, American music, and European music. Music is described as an art, the art of expressing ideas and feelings through musical sounds. According to John Dewey, “Music is the most powerful and emotional of the arts.”. It is the speech of angels that are the exemplications of goodness, uprightness, and everything that bespeaks of morality. It has different categories according to forms and styles including rock, jazz, blues, folk music, soul music, rap, house music, and country and western. It has different types or genre including country, hip-hop, pop, R&B, rock, and many more. Before, in our ancestors’ time, it is a necessary ingredient in all ceremonies of the Filipinos and a good flavor for games, dances, worship, festivities, and other ceremonies expressing joy, humor, wonder, and sorrow. But now, it is also serves as a hobby, not literally a hobby but a past time. People listen to it even when they do other things like while doing their chores and sometimes use as lullabies. Music emerged before is more on classical music and opera and later in “my granny’s and parent’s time”, songs are being performed not just in orchestra and 1
chorale but can also be done by a single artist or a band (group). Even in our grandparents and parents’ teenagers’ time, they were also fanatics of local and foreign artist’s songs. On one hand, some of the local artists that have famous songs before are as follows; Imelda Papin, Pilita Corrales, Basil Váldez, Rey Valera, José Mari Chan, Freddie Aguilar, Smokey Mountain, and Aegis. On the other hand, some of the foreign artists that have famous songs before are Frank Sinatra, Michael Jackson, The Beatles, Lou Bega, Elvis Presley, Manilyn Monroe, Bon Jovi, and Aerosmith. If before, they record and collect songs in phonographic disk record (plaka) and tapes, now, we have CDs, different music players, and YouTube. Some of the local and foreign artists emerging nowadays are Yeng Constantino, Julie Ann San Jose, Gloc 9, One Direction, Justin Bieber, Katy Perry, K-POPs, J-POPs, and J-ROCKs. The difference among the music before and now is the tune, beat, and the way the artist perform their songs. Teenagers are fond of listening to different songs. They even keep on repeating a particular song just to be familiarized with its lyrics. And listening to particular pieces of music again and again will leads to the love of music and to its understanding– to what is sometimes called “music appreciation”. Teens always go on what is in or what is the trend. These days, music videos are very popular in teenagers. As a result, they are not just enjoying the lyrics because they can also watch a story within those videos that is one of the factors in attracting youths. They get to be updated to the new music releases and to what is the trending or top songs of the month by being informed while surfing in the internet, watching television, and listening to the radio. Because of that, teens are always getting song to add on their playlists.
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Our local music is still in demand among teenagers nowadays. Its early history started by our ancestors but in different usage and evidently, Filipinos are musical people. For every occasion, they have a particular brand of music. The whole day long, he sings. Early Filipinos have a treasure of songs evoking friendship, victory, grief, and festivities. According to Agoncillo and Zaide, before, Filipinos have ordinary songs, street songs, wedding, rowing, lullaby, success, house, general merrymaking, and counting. In 1970s, OPM started to establish a kind of music that is uniquely Filipino despite the great preference of foreign music at that time but by that time it was not called OPM but was separate entities namely Pinoy Rock, Pinoy Jazz, and Manila Sound which are Filipino pop ballads. Now, the OPM of today is any music and in any genre (e.g. R&B, Rock, Ballad etc.) as long as it is performed by Filipino Artists. The songs in OPM are commonly in Filipino and English but there are also songs written in other dialects. There are Filipino artists or singers nowadays that are into foreign songs revival or cover songs. However, it is still considered as OPM since it was performed by Filipino artists. There are also emerging rap songs that are really in demand among teenagers, specifically in male teenagers. Foreign music is the music that is originally from outside the country made by foreign artists. It is widely spread here in the Philippines, not only these days because even before it is popular also during our grandparents and parents time. Similarly, in today’s generation, it is evidently that foreign music has a big impact to teenagers’ music preference. The only difference is that before, the contributors of famous foreign songs in the country are from American and European music only while today, Asian music such as K-POPs, J-POPs, C-POPs, and J-ROCKs were added.
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Background of the Study Most of the Filipinos of today’s generation became likely into foreign country’s hottest trends and also doing what foreign do. With today’s rampant technological clench, there’s no doubt in the vigorous change of Filipinos’ taste and likes. Ways of living has been set up into a higher standard of comforts. Appreciating those imported ones rather than the native is but a used line. For instance, fashion trends from other country including hair styles and the way people dress are now being followed by most of the Filipinos. Themes in television shows and dramas have been influenced by the foreign. Proofs of it are the movie and drama adaptations form other countries. Music as well has been influenced. An example is the song revival. Some the contributing artist like Krissy and Ericka, Jovit Baldivino, Julie Ann San Jose, and Lovi Poe have songs that are just song revivals of a certain foreign song. However, the music of the Philippines even from the start is a mixture of other foreign countries’ music. Issues about Filipinos’ point of view in music between OPM; our local music and foreign music have been viral in different websites. Some of it are the article “The life and death of OPM” by By Don Jaucian in The Philippine Star website, “R.I.P. OPM?” by Ces Rodriguez in omg! Philippines News Blog, and “Foreign Music vs. Filipino Music or OPM” by Janneth Ramos in her blog. As a result, they have gotten many reactions and comments from the netizens. Some says that OPM; or local music, is now dead and foreign music are now invading the Filipino listeners but there are still people who says that local music are still within the Filipinos. It is given that Filipinos’ views about local and foreign music is equal but in teenagers– with the most number in Filipinos population, they are the numerous fans of the songs and artists that is 4
emerging yet very famous today, what music would they prefer? And because of the issue on what teenagers would prefer between OPM and foreign music, the researchers came up on researching the topic to determine the answer. Teenagers are always into what’s in and the latest trend. These days, foreign artists like K-POPs, J-POPs, One Direction, and many more are in demand among Filipino teenagers because of them being famous outside the country. There are factors that the researchers thought as the possible reason for teenagers to idolize or choose music and these are as follows; the beat, the tune, the lyrics, the way the artist perform, and in some cases, the physical appearance of the artist. The foreign music entertainment did an excellent job in luring the Filipinos, visual-wise, to admire not just their songs but with their ability to present their artists as market to their fashion and to the technology they use. During the early 2000’s local bands and artists came to the national music scene and stamped their marks as names in the national music industry thanks to the undying support of the Filipinos. The foreign music has a wide range. From American music and Asian down to every music unassociated with the Philippines, these music gave a lot of influence to the music of the Philippines and into the audience. Presently, the president of the Organisasyon ng Pilipinong Mag-aawit, Ogie Alcasid, called for added support towards the OPM because of the noticeable decline not just in album sales but also in its popularity not to mention foreign music artists’ easy access to the national stage with their pricy concerts but with little taxes imposed on them. People are making a fuss and statements are made that the Artists that they see on television or hear on the radio are not singing OPM and artists are singing covers of foreign songs. 5
Methodology In order to determine the teenagers’ preference between OPM; our local music and foreign music, the researchers conducted a survey to be answered by twenty respondents in order to collect quantified data. The survey questionnaires consist of fifteen questions. On one hand, twelve out of the fifteen questions are answered by choosing one from two to three choices and on the other hand, the three remaining questions are open ended questions. Participants In determining what teenagers would prefer between OPM and foreign music, twenty respondents have answered the survey questionnaires that the researchers have made. The range of the respondents’ age is from 13 - 19 years old, teenagers to be specific. The respondents consist of ten male and ten female. Materials In determining what teenagers would prefer between OPM and foreign music, the researchers used survey questionnaires consisting of fifteen questions answered by twenty respondents that will serves as their material for the research. Procedures In determining what will teens prefer between OPM and foreign music, the researchers conducted a survey with 15-item questions consisting of twelve questions with two to three choices and three open ended questions. After that, the researchers will analyze the data in the survey questionnaires and will discuss the results. 6
Results Data Analysis Table 1 shows that 19 out of 20 respondents are listening to different songs during their free time. On the other hand, 1 respondent don’t listen to different songs during his free time. In short, many teenagers are listening to different songs during their free time. However, there is still five percentages that are really not fond of listening to music during his free time.
Table 1
Yes; 1; 5% Yes No
No; 19; 95%
Table 2 shows that 3 out of 20 respondents is always listening to OPM songs in their playlist, while 13 respondents listen to OPM songs in their playlist sometimes, and 4 respondents are rarely listening to OPM songs in their playlist. In short, most of the teenagers listen to OPM songs sometimes in their playlist. However, there are still teenagers who always listening to OPM songs in their playlist and some are rarely listening to OPM songs in their playlist. 7
Table 2
Always; 3; 15% Rarely; 4; 20%
Always Sometimes Rarely
Sometimes; 13; 65%
Table 3 shows that 15 out of 20 respondents is always listening to foreign songs in their playlist, while 5 respondents listen to foreign songs in their playlist sometimes, and there is no respondents that are rarely listening to foreign songs in their playlist. In short, most of the teenagers always listen to foreign songs in their playlist. However, there are teenagers who sometimes listen to foreign songs in their playlist.
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Table 3
Always Sometimes Rarely
Sometimes; 5; 25%
Always; 15; 75%
Table 4 shows that 6 out of 20 respondents usually recommend OPM songs when they share their playlist to a friend or to a group. On the other hand, 14 respondents usually recommend foreign songs when they share their playlist to a friend or to a group. In short, many teenagers would prefer foreign songs to recommend than OPM. However, there are still teenagers that would prefer recommending OPM songs than foreign songs.
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Table 4
OPM; 6; 30%
OPM Foreign
Foreign; 14; 70%
Table 5 shows that 2 out of 20 respondents usually hear OPM songs from teenagers nowadays. On the other hand, 18 respondents usually hear foreign songs from teenagers nowadays. In short, many teenagers mostly hear foreign songs than OPM songs in their fellow teenagers nowadays. However, some of the teenagers usually hear OPM songs from their fellow teenagers nowadays.
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Table 5
OPM; 2; 10% OPM Foreign
Foreign; 18; 90%
Table 6 shows that 6 out of 20 respondents usually listen to OPM songs in their playlist when they’re alone. On the other hand, 14 respondents usually listen to foreign songs in their playlist when they’re alone. In short, most of the teenagers usually listen to foreign songs than OPM songs in their playlist when they’re alone. However, there are teenagers who usually listen to OPM songs in their playlist when they’re alone.
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Table 6
OPM; 6; 30%
OPM Foreign
Foreign; 14; 70%
Table 7 shows that 1 out of 20 respondents has a favorite song is from OPM, 17 respondents has a favorite from foreign songs, 1 respondent has a favorite song from both OPM and foreign songs, and 1 respondent did not answer. In short, most of the foreign song became teenagers’ favorite than OPM. However, there is a teenager who has a favorite song which is from OPM, another teenager with a favorite song from both OPM and foreign songs, and one teenager who doesn’t have any favorite song at all.
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Table 7
Both; 1; 5% No Answer; 1; 5% OPM; 1; 5%
OPM Foreign Both No Answer
Foreign; 17; 85%
Table 8 shows that 4 out of 20 respondents always listen to a specific OPM song in their playlist, while 14 respondents always listen to a specific foreign song in their playlist, and the 2 respondents always listen to a specific OPM and foreign song in their playlist. In short, most of the teenagers always listen to foreign songs in their playlist than OPM songs. However, there are teenagers who always listen to a specific OPM song in their playlist and other teenagers always listen to a specific OPM and foreign song in their playlist; in other words both.
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Table 8
Both; 2; 10%
OPM; 4; 20%
OPM Foreign Both
Foreign; 14; 70%
Table 9 shows that 3 out of 20 respondents have more OPM songs in their playlist. On the other hand, 17 respondents have more foreign songs in their playlist. In short, most of the teenagers have more foreign songs in their playlist than OPM songs. However, there are still teenagers who have more OPM songs in their playlist than foreign songs.
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Table 9
OPM; 3; 15% OPM Foreign
Foreign; 17; 85%
Table 10 shows that 2 respondents think that OPM song have more impact in teenagers. On the other hand, 18 respondents think that foreign songs have more impact in teenagers. In short, most of the teenagers think that foreign songs have more impact than OPM songs in their fellow teenagers. However, there are teenagers who think that OPM songs have more impact than foreign songs in their fellow teenagers.
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Table 10
OPM; 2; 10% OPM Foreign
Foreign; 18; 90%
Table 11 shows that 4 out of 20 respondents favorite singer is local artist, while 12 respondents favorite singer is foreign artist, and the 4 respondents favorite artist are both local and foreign artist. In short, there are more teenagers who have a foreign artist than local artist as their favorite singer. However, there are teenagers who have a local artist than foreign artist as their favorite singer.
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Table 11
Both; 4; 20% Local; 4; 20% Local Foreign Both
Foreign; 12; 60%
Table 12 shows that 7 out of 20 respondents will go first to local artist, if ever he will have the chance to meet two singers with different nationality. On the other hand, 13 respondents will go first to foreign artist, if ever he will have the chance to meet two singers with different nationality. In short, most of the teenagers will go first to foreign artist, if ever he will have the chance to meet two singers with different nationality. However, there are teenagers who will go first to local artist, if ever he will have the chance to meet two singers with different nationality.
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Table 12
Local; 7; 35%
Local Foreign
Foreign; 13; 65%
Table 13 shows that 18 out of 20 respondents think that the choice of music depends on the personality of a person. On the other hand, 2 respondents don’t think that the choice of music depends on the personality of a person. In short, most of the teenagers think that the choice of music depends on the personality of a person. However, there are teenagers who don’t think that the choice of music depends on the personality of a person.
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Table 13
No; 2; 10%
Yes No
Yes; 18; 90%
Table 14 shows that 19 out of 20 respondents think that the type of music affects the emotion of the listeners. On the other hand, 1 respondent think that the type of music affects the emotion of the listeners. In short, many teenagers think that the type of music affects the emotion of the listeners. However, there are five percentages who don’t think that the type of music affects the emotion of the listeners.
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Table 14
No; 1; 5% Yes No
Yes; 19; 95%
Table 15 shows that 7 out of 20 respondents preferred OPM than foreign music. On the other hand, 13 respondents preferred foreign music than OPM. In short, most of the teenagers prefer foreign music than OPM. However, there are teenagers who prefer OPM than foreign music.
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Table 15
OPM; 7; 35%
Foreign; 13; 65%
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OPM Foreign
Discussions After analyzing result of the survey, the researchers accomplished its aim which is to determine which teenagers will prefer between OPM and foreign music, the following will be discussed: First, most of the teenagers listen to different songs during their free time (shown in Table 1). Undeniably, Filipinos are music lovers and a proof is the teens’ addiction to music. Aside from listening to their music player, other teens listen in computer through internet; some in different online music websites while others in YouTube where they can also watch music videos. It is a trend that Filipino teenagers are being hooked up. Besides, music is also a huge part of everyone's life, especially during those super-emotional moments that beg for a soundtrack. And during teen years, there are so many of those moments. In accordance with the result in Table 2 and Table 3, a possible reason for it is because most Filipino songs seem to sound the same that sometimes makes it tagged as “baduy o corny”. Most of them are power ballads, acoustic and deep love songs that’s why for many Filipinos especially for the younger generation, it really sounds boring because youths now are into more upbeat, catchy and happy songs like the ones in the foreign music It is fresher in their ears and it is quite the trend today. Most of the teenagers nowadays are idolizing foreign songs (shown in Table 7) and foreign (shown in Table 11). And as the result in Table 15, the researchers have found out which teens prefer. Evidently, many teenagers prefer foreign music. However, there are still teenagers who prefer OPM which the local music of the country.
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Conclusion The results of the study generated the following conclusions: a. Filipino teenagers always listen to foreign music than OPM; b. Filipino teenagers mostly recommend foreign songs than OPM when they shared their music to a friend or a group; c. Filipino teenagers usually hears foreign songs playing by other teenagers; d. Filipino teenagers have more foreign songs than OPM songs in their playlist and they listen to it always even when they are alone; e. Filipino teenagers think that the choice of music depends on the personality of a person and can also affect the emotion of the listeners; f. Filipino teenagers prefer foreign music than OPM.
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