2013
SAFETY MANUAL PROJECT HSE PLAN A RESEARCH BY YAWAR HASSAN KHAN
YAWAR HASSAN KHAN ACL 1/1/2013
HSE POLICY STATEMENT
■ Before you operate a machine, ensure that the dangerous part of the machine has been installed with a guard. ■ Avoid going to any area with insufficient lighting as there may be some
We are committed towards protecting the health and safety of all people working at or visiting our site • We plan, manage, conduct and supervise all our work in compliance with legislation and best practice • We want to ensure that all workers have a clear understanding of their responsibilities along with that of the company
BASIC RULES FOR SAFETY
dangerous places which have not been provided with fencing. ■ Keep vigilant all the time and watch out for moving cranes, hooks or other lifting equipment. ■ Before you use any electrical installation or tool, check the condition of its electric cables. ■ Avoid dragging electric cables on the ground or allowing the cables to come into contact with water.
Tidy up construction sites ■ Keep passages clear all the time. ■ Sort out materials and pile them up safely. The stacks should not be
■ Use electrical tools installed with an earth leakage circuit breaker. ■ Use and handle chemicals with care.
too high.
Personal Safety
■ Beware of floor openings and ensure that they are fenced or covered.
■ Wear protective equipment.
■ Remove refuse as soon as possible. ■ Provide sufficient lighting. ■ Familiarize with the location and the operation of fire-fighting equipment.
Safety measures
■ Do not drink or take drugs while working. ■ Pay attention to personal hygiene. ■ Do not play in the workplace. ■ Report to your supervisor immediately if you notice any unsafe condition.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO ACCIDENTS
Tidy up construction sites ■ Keep passages clear all the time. ■ Sort out materials and pile them up safely. The stacks should not be
■ Put out the fire with a fire extinguisher if it is a small fire. ■ If the blaze is out of control, do not try to extinguish the fire on your
too high.
own. Call the Fire Services Department right away.
■ Beware of floor openings and ensure that they are fenced or covered.
Emergency telephone numbers:
■ Remove refuse as soon as possible.
■ Always pay attention to the emergency telephone numbers posted
■ Provide sufficient lighting.
on the notice board in the site office
■ Familiarize with the location and the operation of fire-fighting equipment.
FALSE WORK , SCAFFOLDING , FENCE WORK AND LADDER FALSEWORK
When someone is found seriously injured, you should: ■ Keep calm. ■ Seek help immediately. ■ Accompany the injured person. ■ Assist in the immediate rescue work as far as possible.
If you are engaged in falsework operation, you should: ■ Check whether the falsework is erected in accordance with the design. ■ Make sure that the falsework is
■ Call the site safety staff.
securely erected.
■ Do not try to move the injured person unless it is really necessary
■ Check whether the struts of the
to do so.
falsework are secure. ■ Ensure that the props are erected
■ Do not tamper with the accident scene while waiting for the arrival
vertically and arranged at a
of the investigation team.
suitable distance in a row. ■ Report to your supervisor when
When a fire breaks out, you should remember:
any unsafe situation is found.
fencing or the fencing has been SCAFFOLD
damaged, reinstall or repair the
■ Do not use scaffolds unless they have
fencing. If this is beyond your
been erected by trained workmen and under
capability, inform your
the supervision of a competent person.
supervisor at once.
■ Do not use a scaffold unless it has been inspected and certified safe by
Ladder
a competent person before use.
■ Use a ladder which is of good construction,
■ Strictly follow the instructions of a
sound material and adequate strength.
competent person. Do not alter the
■ Examine the ladder before using it
scaffold unless authorized to do so.
and inspect it at regular intervals.
Do not work on an unfinished scaffold.
■ Place the ladder on a level and
■ When it is necessary to work on a mobile
firm footing.
scaffold, lock the wheels of the scaffold
■ Place the ladder at an appropriate
before you start working.
angle.
■ Do not work on a scaffold unless it has been
■ Ensure that the ladder has a
provided with a suitable working platform.
sufficient length. The upper end of the ladder should be at least
FENCING
1 metre above the landing against
■ Do not work in a dangerous place
which the ladder leans.
unless its floor edges and
■ Do not use a ladder unless its
openings have been installed with
upper or lower end has been
secure fencing.
securely fixed or secured by
■ If you notice any dangerous places
another worker.
that have not been installed with
■ If there are electrical installations
nearby, do not use metal ladders.
of the manufacturer of a lifting appliance.
■ If work is carried out 2 metres or
■ Do not work beneath any suspended load.
more above the floor, use a suitable working platform
Material Hoist ■ Do not ride on a material hoist.
Equipment and Electricity
Lifting Appliance and Gear ■ Do not operate a lifting appliance unless trained. In the case of a crane,
■ Do not operate a material hoist without prior proper training. ■ Do not exceed the safe working load of a material hoist.
a certificate is required.
■ Do not use a material hoist unless it has been examined
■ Before using lifting gear such as hook, shackle or chain sling,
and certified safe by a competent examiner.
check whether there is any wear and tear.
■ Do not use a material hoist unless its gates have been
■ Check the weight of the load to be lifted. ■ Do not exceed the safe working load of a lifting appliance or lifting gear. ■ Adopt the correct lifting method. ■ Do not use a lifting appliance or lifting gear unless it has been examined and certified safe by a competent examiner. ■ Do not use a lifting appliance unless it has been regularly repaired and maintained by a competent person. No unauthorized repair is allowed. ■ Follow the safe working instructions
installed with an effective interlocking safety system. The hoist is only operable after all the gates have been closed. ■ Do not use a material hoist unless it has been repaired and maintained by a competent person. No unauthorized repair is allowed. ■ Do not put loose materials into receptacles unless properly secured.
■ Ensure good communication with the operator of a material hoist. All signals should be understood and followed.
Portable Power Tool ■ Do not use a portable power tool (such as saw, grinder and drill) unless its dangerous parts have
Loadshifting Machinery
been effectively guarded.
■ Unless you are a worker concerned,
■ Place the electric cable and
do not work in an area where a loader,
hose of a tool at an appropriate
an excavator, etc. is in operation.
position to avoid tripping
■ Do not operate any loadshifting machinery without training and approval.
Compressed Air ■ Use compressed air only for specified
■ Operators of forklift trucks,
purposes.
bulldozers, loaders, excavators,
■ Do not use any compressed air
trucks or lorries should possess
equipment, pipes and relevant devices
appropriate certificates.
unless they are of good construction and have been examined and certified safe
Cartridge-operated Fixing Tool
by a competent examiner before use.
■ Do not operate a cartridgeoperated fixing tool unless you have
■ Fix the connectors properly.
possessed a valid certificate.
■ Do not abuse the use of compressed air
■ Wear suitable eye and ear
for cleaning purpose. Use a brush or a
protectors while operating a
vacuum cleaner to remove dust from
cartridge-operated fixing tool.
clothing and skin.
■ Do not twist the pipes.
■ Use a cartridge-operated fixing tool with great care.
Electric Tool
■ Before using an electric tool, check the
working in it.
tool and its plug and connecting cable. ■ Do not use a damaged tool.
Gas Welding and Flame Cutting
■ Do not use an electric tool unless
■ Do not use the equipment for gas welding
its connecting cable is well
or flame cutting unless you have attained
protected.
the age of 18 years and hold a valid certificate.
■ Do not use an electric tool unless
■ Do not use any gas cylinder unless it
its metal casing is earthed and its
has been fitted with flashback arrestors.
power supply is provided with
■ Wear personal protective equipment.
an earth leakage circuit breaker.
■ Keep the workplace clean.
■ Do not repair or alter any electrical
■ Place fire extinguishers
installation unless competent to do so.
within reach.
■ If you meet any fault or problem, report
■ Keep gas cylinders in an
it to your supervisor immediately.
upright position and secure it properly to avoid overturning.
Excavations
■ If gas leakage is detected,
■ Keep the fence on all sides of
report it to your supervisor
an excavation intact.
immediately.
■ Use safe access for ingress
Fire Risk
and egress.
There is always a fire risk. However,
■ Do not pile soil or any other
the chances of fire can be reduced,
materials at the edge of an
and you will know what to do when
excavation.
a fire breaks out if you:
■ Make sure that a trench is
■ Always keep the workplace clean
securely shored before
and tidy.
■ Handle machinery and tools that
■ Dispose all wastes, and unwanted
may generate sparks or heat
materials must be disposed of at
carefully.
a designated place.
■ Do not smoke or use naked
■ Notify your supervisor of the
flames in any area where
requirement for the separate
flammable and explosive
disposal of chemical or
substances are stored.
inflammable wastes.
■ Know where fire extinguishers are
■ Do not leave planks with nails
located and how they are used.
on passageways.
■ Know the place of assembly for fire evacuation
Safety Supervisors ■ Their responsibility is to assist
Public Safety
others to work smoothly
■ Pay attention to public safety.
and safely.
Members of the public are often
■ They have received specific
unaware of or do not understand
safety training and are
the work carried out on
important members of the
construction sites and the risks
construction team.
involved.
■ They have legal responsibility
■ Take great care to prevent the fall
or liability for the overall safety
of materials from height.
of the construction site.
■ Do not stack materials on floor
■ You should get to know your
edges or on scaffolds
safety supervisor.
Waste Disposal
Eye Protection
■ A wise worker will certainly take
instructions.
good care of his eyesight.
■ Do not reuse disposable ear
■ A small fragment may cause
plugs.
serious consequences if it
■ Clean ear protectors regularly
enters one's eyes. ■ When there is a risk of eye
Personal Protective Equipment
injury, such as in concrete
■ For your own safety and interest, use the personal
breaking or using abrasive wheels, you should wear
protective equipment provided by your employer.
suitable eye protectors.
■ Wear gloves when handling or contacting
■ Take proper care of the eye
chemicals.
protectors provided to you.
■ Remember to wear a mask when working
■ Replace damaged or defective
in a dusty environment.
eye protectors immediately.
■ Wear eye and ear protectors whenever
■ Ensure that eye protectors are comfortable to wear, and keep clean.
necessary.
■ Use eye protectors for eye protection ─ do not put it on your head
■ Wear a safety harness and secure it to a safe anchorage point when working at
or hang it on your neck.
height. A bamboo scaffold is not a safe
■ Bear in mind that eye protectors are replaceable, but not your eyes.
anchorage point, so do not fasten the safety harness to it. ■ Wear safety shoes to prevent foot injury.
Noise
■ Consult your supervisor if in doubt.
■ Wear ear protectors in areas with high noise levels. ■ Properly wear ear protectors according to the manufacturer's
Safety Helmet ■ Wear a safety helmet on a
construction site.
and wear safety boots or shoes
■ Keep the harness of the
to prevent injury to toes by
helmet clean and make sure
heavy falling objects.
that it fits well.
■ Seek assistance from someone
■ Do not drill any holes on the
in lifting a load if necessary.
helmet or use it for pounding. Personal Hygiene First Aid
■ Keep yourself clean.
■ If you sustain an injury or
■ Wash hands before meals
feel not well while at work,
and after using the toilet.
even if it is minor, go to
■ Dress tidily and in protective
the first aid room right away for medical treatment and
clothing.
notify your supervisor.
Alcohol and Drugs
■ Put the case on record.
■ Do not drink alcohol, or take drugs, while at work.
Manual Handling Operations
■ If you need to take drugs due
■ Avoid manual handling operations as far as
to illness, report it to your
possible to minimize the risk of injury.
supervisor.
■ Estimate the weight of the load. ■ Lift an object with a correct posture. ■ Wear suitable protective equipment. Put on gloves as far as possible to protect your hands from any cut, scratch or puncture,
SAFETY MANUAL
Of health and safety
PROJECT HSE PLAN
Benefits of safety committee
EFFECTIVE SAFETY COMMITTEES
Consultant
Purpose of safety committee
Identify hazards
Help protects employee by providing knowledge of safety
protect employee and employer
Helps protect employee by providing a solution to issues Bring together labor and management for health and safety Help the employee give training to manager , supervision and workers for better hazard identification and control and health and safety performance
Communication between labor and management Duties of safety committee members Receive concerns , reports and suggestions by employees and give them to manager level and give the management level response to employees Workplace inspection
Roles of safety committee
Receiving training
Know the feelings and thinking of employee by survey and interview
Attending meetings
Analyze the behavior of employee by observing
Control measures and safety improvement progress
Do safety inspections at workplace
Monitoring
Do safety audits
Hazard identification
Control measures and safety improvements measure should be monitored
communication
Evaluate quality of safety culture in long terms
Know their purpose of job
Develop and submit the written recommendations
Know the role
Functions of safety committee To have knowledge Skills Abilities
Benfits of training the safety committee
Know the function Know the responsibility Know the skills Know the abilities
Know the information on health and safety
Causes of majority injuries
Hazard identification profit for company
Inadequate supervision ,education , accountability , and resources
Competition leading Effective audit
Hazardous conditions
Lower injury and illness rates
Material
Three areas for effective safety committee training
Equipment
Safety committee operations Hazard identification and control Accident investigation procedures Hierarchy of controls Engineering controls Administrative controls Personal protective equipment Accident investigation procedures Write data of accident Know the surface and root causes Make the report Suggest safety measures
Environment People system System design and implementation Objectives Policy Plan Procedures Processes Budget Report Rules Safety inspection
Causes of accident report failures Surface causes are uncovered but , root causes are not uncovered Hazardous conditions are uncovered
In safety inspection we give time to know for a thorough inspection to be conducted to know what is happening Job hazard analysis
Unsafe work practices uncovered
Employee , managers together solve the problems
Failure in safety management uncovered
Problem solving techniques
Understand the problem
Objectives and completion dates are set
Discuss causes
Members trained
Target solutions Sell solutions
EFFECTIVE SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETINGS
Implement solutions
How often do safety committees meet
5 wh analysis
Some once a month and some more often
Who is getting hurt ?
When committee meeting should be held
What actually caused the injury ?
It’s most effective if the safety committee conducts a meeting immediately after the inspection
When workers are getting hurt ? Where workers are getting hurt ? how workers are getting hurt ?
What happens in an effective safety committee meeting
How to conduct a survey
Discuss findings
Gather a team of trained employees
Ensure identified hazards are reported to responsible supervisors or managers
Determine who you are going to sample Decide how will you conduct the survey ?
Analyze findings and discuss their possible rootcause
Tell everyone why you are going to conduct survey ?
Make recommendations to improve safety programs
Conduct the survey
Purpose of safety committee meeting
Summarize result
To bring management and labor together
Discuss the result with CEO
Preparing for the meeting
Characteristics of an effective safety committee
Chairperson preparation
Organized meeting Good communication Roles and purposes are understood Standard of behavior
Recorder must be trained Prepare the agenda and keep it brief Prepare the meeting room
Thank every one for coming
Handle problem situations Disagreement
Call the meeting to order
conflict Evaluate
Note attendence
Meeting process and outcomes Improve
Introduce visitors
Meeting process OSH TRAINING
Review ground rules
Review meeting minutes
SAFETY EDUCATION We become educated in safety in many ways including : personal experience
Review agenda topics
Formal classroom training On the job training
Discuss unfinished business
Review observations of conditions and behaviors
Evaluate incident and accident report
Receive safety committee status reports
Conduct safety committee training / education
Effective safety education must tell learners why it is important to use safe procedures and practices Natural consequences Natural consequences are those that naturally occur as a result of what an employee or organization does System consequences System consequences are those actions taken by another person in response to an employee’s choice and behaviours Technical safety training “How to “safety training is actually the most common type of safety education
Conduct a safety inspection
General safety instruction
Is usually conducted using the lecture or discussion method Purpose of training program To provide training professionals for effective safety education
Manager Marketer Media specialist Analyst
Criterea for accepted practices in safety , Health and environmental training
Program administrator
Program development
Strategies
Delivery evaluation
Task analysis
Program management
Theoretician
Suggested training plan core elements
Transfer agent
Training facility
Guidelines for instructor competency
Training director
Certified person
Instructors
Designated
Course materials
Authorized
Students
Competent
Ratios
Qualified
Proficiency assessment
Purpose of training evaluation
Course certificate
To know the amount of learning achieved by training
Record keeping Program quality control Safety trainer perform many roles Evaluator Facilitator Counselor Writer Instructors
Designer
Whether an employee’s performance has improved on the job as a result of training RKSAI Evaluate students : Reaction Learning Application
result Guidelines for evaluating training programs
In reactive strategy you react after the accident has happened
How training program is managed
In pro active strategy you make sure that no accident should occur in workplace
Quality of training processes
Labor and management accountability
The result of training
Employees should believe that they are going to be held accountable for their decisions and actions
Suggested program quality control criterea training plan
Six elements of effective accountability system :
Program management , training director , staff and consultants’ training facilities and resources
1.formal standard of performance
Quality control and evaluation
2.adequate resources and psychosocial support
Students
3.a system of performance measurement
Institutional environment and administrative support
4.application of effective consequences
SAFETY MANAGEMENT
6.continous evaluation of accountability system
Top management commitment
Points to remember:
You should know the benefits of your commitment towards safety
The more Regularly you Recognize and Reward , the more Rarely you will have to Reprimand
You must develop programs , policies , plans and procedures
Training , resources , enforcement , supervision and leadership are 5 obligations of safety
Do commitment to safety because it saves lives , money and you stay out of trouble
Employee involvement
Safety leadership increases company’s potential Coercive ,controlling and caring are the three leadership models out of which caring model is the real commitment approach
5.appropriate application of consequences
Employee is held accountable by the employer for complying with the safety rules , reporting workplace injuries immediately and reporting hazards Rewards are great but , recognition is better
You must have a vision and mission statement
Effective communications
There are two safety strategies: reactive and pro active
It’s a responsibility to communicate effectively It’s not what you say …it’s about how you say it
Hazard identification and control
We educate to show why
Hazard is state of being leading to illness or injury of a person
We train to show how
What can control hazards :
A simple seven step on the job training includes:
2.Engineering controls
1.introduction 2.trainer shows and tells 3. learner tells –trainer shows 4 . Learner shows and tells 5 . Conclusion 6.documentation 7. validate
3.administrative controls
Total quality safety management
1. Eliminate and substitute hazards
4.personal protective equipment Material , people , environment ,system , equipment may be hazardous
Quality and safety are partners in productivity
Do a walk around inspection to see hazards Employee may use his own procedure if not directly supervised
TQM means to improve performance and process by using coorporate resources
Unsafe behaviors lead to 95% cause of accidents Incident and accident investigation Don’t go for blame but fix the system You cant afford to relax or be content in safety Incident causes property damage and accident causes life damage too You must know the plan and how to work the plan If accident occurs you must know : 1. background information 2.surface causes and root causes You have to make a report of accident in which you write about findings , recommendations and summary Safety education and training Be trained
DEMING says about total quality safety management that have a purpose for improvement , adopt a new philosophy , cease dependence on mass inspection , don’t go for price tag- go for reducing total cost , improve constantly , give training on job , drive out fear , break down barriers between departments , don’t pressurize workforce , give self improvement education and act for transformation PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT THE REQUIREMENT FOR PPE To ensure the greatest possible protection for employees in workplace EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY To wear and maintain PPE
Chemical hazards
FACE AND EYE PROTECTION
Radiological hazards
HEAD PROTECTION
Mechanical hazards WHAT SHOULD NOT BE WORN?
FOOT PROTECTION
HAND PROTECTION
The PPE rules requires that rings , wristwatches , earnings , bracelets and other jewelery must not be worn if it’s possible for it to come into contact with power driven machinery or electric circuitry HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CONTROL BASIC EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITY
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
SHIELDS
BARRIERS
RESTRAINTS WHEN AND WHERE PPE IS REQUIRED? Whenever following conditions are encountered :
The employer should see that workers are properly instructed and supervised in the safe operation of any machinery tools , equipment , process or practice which they are authorized to use or apply BASIC EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY All employees should conduct their work in compliance with their employer’s safety policies and rules. Employees should report all injuries immediately to the person in charge or other responsible representative of the employer .employees should make full use of safeguards provided for their protection SAFETY INSPECTIONS
Process hazards
Environmental hazards
Employers should make sure their workplace are inspected by a qualified person as often as the type of operation or the character of the equipment requires. HAZARDS
Raw materials
Identifying workplace hazards
Toxic chemicals
Analyzing the workplace
Stationary machinery
Developing solution
equipment may not be properly guarded / or in poor working order
Writing solution
Tools may not be properly maintained Extreme noise in work environment Poor work station designs Flammable or combustible atmospheres Floors may be slippery and aisles cluttered Guard rails , ladders or floor hole covers may be missing or damage Employees might be fatigued , distracted in some way , or other wise lack the physical / mental way , or working safely HAZARD Unsafe work conditions or practices that could cause injuries or illness to employees
Writing recommendations Taking action Evaluating the results Five general hazards Material Equipment Environment People system 13 hazard categories Acceleration Biological
Recognized hazards
Chemical reactions
Industry recognition
Electrical
Employee recognition
Ergonomics
Common sense recognition
Explosives and explosions
Exposure
Flammability and fires
Physical
Temprature
Environmental
Mechanical
potential
Pressure
Six steps hazard control process
Radiation
Toxics
Personal protective equipment
Vibration / noise
Solving safety problems-two key strategies
Identifying hazards
Eliminate or reduce the surface cause
informal and formal observation programs
Eliminate or reduce he root cause
Comprehensive wide surveys
Cause effect analysis
Individual interviews
Every effect is the result of a cause
Walk around inspection
Key steps to develop effective recommendations
Documentation review A written record will help ensure Assignment of responsibility for hazard correction Tracking of correction to completion
Write the problem statement Describe the history of problem State the solution options that would correct the problem
Identification of problems in the control system
Describe the consequences as a cost. Vs . Benefit analysis
Identification of problems in the accountability system
EFFECTIVE ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
Identifcation of hazards for which no prevention or control has been planned 4 analysis
What is an accident An accident is the final event in an unplanned process that result in injury or illness to an employee and possibly property damage
Job hazard analysis
Accident types
change analysis
STRUCK BY
Process hazard analysis
STRUCK AGAINST
Phase hazard analysis
CONTACT BY
Hierarchy of control
CONTACT WITH
Elimination
CAUGHT ON
Substitution
CAUGHT BETWEEN
Engineering controls
FALL TO SURFACE
Administrative controls
FALL TO BELOW
Determine the solutions
OVER EXERTION
Write the report
BODILY REACTION
DOCUMENTING THE ACCIDENT SCENE
OVER EXPOSURE
Make personal observations
CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
Take photos of accident scene
Old theory-worker error :says worker makes a choice to work in an unsafe manner
Take video clips of the scene sketch the accident scene
New theory-system approach : says accidents occur due to multiple causes and due to defects in the systems
Interview records
Characteristics of effective incident investigation program
Be sure you ask the
Clearly assigned responsibility for accident investigation All accident investigations will be formally trained on accident investigation techniques The purpose is to find fact not fault Dig deep to know hazardous conditions that caused accidents report will make the recommendations to correct the hazardous conditions and work practices
Steve’s seven rights of interview process
Right people the Right question at the Right time in the Right place in the Right way for the Right reason to uncover the Right facts WHO NEEDS TO BE INTERVIEWED The victim
Corrective actions must be completed Co workers An annual review of accident reports Direct supervisors Six steps for conducting accident investigation Manager Secure the accident scene Training department Conduct interview Personnel department Develop the sequence of events Maintenance department Conduct cause analysis
Emergency responders
Actual events
Medical personal
Assumed events
Coroner
Non events
Police
Simultaneous events
The victim’s spouse and family
Developing the sequence of events
Effective interviewing techniques
Once the sequence of events is developed we will study each event to know:
Keep the purpose of investigation in the mind Approach the investigation with an open mind Go to the scene Express concern regarding the accident and desire to prevent a similar occurrence Tell the interviewee that the information they give is important Be friendly , understanding and open minded Be calm and unhurried Single event theory An accident is thought to be the result of a single , one time easily identifiable , unusual , unexpected occurrence that result in injury or illness
Hazardous condition Unsafe behaviors System weaknesses Components of an event Actor: the actor is an individual or object that directly influenced the flow of the sequence of events Action is something that is done by the actor Hazardous conditions Materials Machinery Equipment
The domino theory
Tools
This describes as a series of related occurences which lead to a final event that results in injury or illness
Chemicals
Multiple cause theory Accidents are a result of a series of random related and / or unrelated actions that somehow interact to cause the accident Four categories of events
Environment Workstations Facilities People workload Levels of cause analysis
Injury analysis
Evacuation procedures
Event analysis
Emergency escape route assignments
System analysis
Procedures to account for all employee after an emergency evacuation has been completed
Higher priority strategies that control hazards
Substitution
Name or job titles of personas who can be contacted for further information or explanation of duties under the plan.
Engineering controls
NATURAL DISASTERS
Elimination
Avalanche Lower priority strategies to control exposure and behavior
Biological
WARNINGS
Sand storms
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
Earth quakes
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Extreme heat / cold
WRITING THE REPORT
Fire
Background
Flood
Description
Hurricane
Findings
Landslide / Madslide
Recommendations
Lightning
Summary
Snow / Ice / hail
EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS
Tornando
Drought
Volcanic eruption WHAT IS AN EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
Tsunami
An action plan to organize employee and employer action during workplace emergencies
TECHNOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
COMPONENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN Ways to report fires and other emergencies
Aircraft crash Structural collapse Business interruption
Communication Levee failure
Develop methods to alert employees
Explosion/fire Extreme air pollution
Identify methods to alert employees
Financial collapse Fuel .resource shortage Hazardous material release
Identify how and when the employees will be trained
Power / utility failure Radiological / nuclear accidents
Address how and when drills and retraining will be conducted
Transportation accidents WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN DEVELOPING EAP
One policy doesn’t fit all situations
Development of emergency action plan Establish authority Conduct employee training and plan review
Designate someone who will stay to shut down critical operations during an evacuation
Review , coordinate and update the plan Determine specific evacuation routes and exits Make sure EAP meets specific needs
Consider and list potential natural or man made emergencies
Designate evacuation coordinates and workdens
Develop resue and medical assistance strategies Conduct EAP employee training Consider communication Update the EAP regularly Identify methods for reporting fires
INTRODUCTION TO FIRE PREVENTION PLANS
Warning and caution signs Fire detectors
What does the fire prevention plan do for your ORGANIZATION
Pull stations Agent storage containers Purpose of an alarm system
Serves to reduce the risk of fires at your workplace Causes of fire Electrical hazards
The purpose of and employee alarm system is to reduce the severity of work place accidents and injuries by ensuring that alarm systems operate properly and procedures are in place to alert employees to workplace emergencies The fire triangle Enough oxygen to sustain combustion
Portable heaters
Enough heat to rise the material to it’s ignition temperature and
Office fire hazards
Some sort of fuel or combustible material
Cutting , welding and open flame work
Fire extinguisher ratings
Flammable and combustible material
Class a ordinary combustible
Smoking in the wrokplace
Class b flammable liquids
Fixed extinguished system
Class c electrical equipment
Fixed fire extinguishing systems are commonly used to protect areas containing value able or critical equipment such as data processing rooms , telecommunication switches and process control rooms
Class d combustible metals
Components of a fixed system Discharge nozzle Piping Control panel Warning alarm
Class k restaurant kitchens Types of fire extinguishers Dry chemical extinguishers Halon extinguishers Water extinguishers Carbon dioxide extinguishers HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER
PASS : PULL – AIM –SQUEEZE-SWEEP MANAGEMENT TRAINING RESPONSIBLITY
A significant injury or illness diagnosed by a physician or other licensed health care professional
OSHA 300 form is the log of work related injuries and illnesses All managers should be trained and make sure employees are also trained to understand their FFP responsibility.
OSHA 300 –A is the summary of work related injuries and illnesses
OSH RECORD KEEPING OSHA FORM 301 or equipment is the worker’s and employer’s report of occupational injury or disease The record keeping and reporting rule requires employers to record and report work –related fatalities , injuries and illnesses . It’s important to record or report a work related injury , illness or fatality
An injury or illness meets the general recording criteria and is recordable , if it results in any one of following six conditions :
You must involve your employees and their representatives in the record keeping system
TOTAL NO. OF INJURIES AND ILLNESSES / NO. OF HOURS WORKED BY ALL EMPLOYEES * 200 , 000 = TOTAL RECORDABLE CASE RATE
Death Days away from work Restricted work or job transfer Medical treatment beyond first aid Loss of consciousness
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
The hazard communication rule applies to any chemical which is known to be present in the workplace in such a manner that employees may be exposed under normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency Responsibility
being used in the workplace, assign responsibilities and describes procedures for: Labeling containers Maintaining and using material safety data sheets
Chemical manufacturers and importers must evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces or imported by them to determine if they are hazardous
Information and training
Employers must assess the hazards of chemicals and develop a written hazard communication plan along with training and information
Contractor procedures
Material safety data sheet Chemical manufacturers and importers must obtain and develop a material safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical they produce or import and must develop appropriate labels that provide hazard warning information Employee training How to Reference the chemical test or hazards Use material data safety sheets Use protective practices including PPE
Pipe labeling Non routine tsk procedures
Hazardous substance Is any chemical which poses a physical or a health hazard? Physical hazards Are chemical reactions that could result in a fire, explosion and/ or toxic gas release which cause physical trauma if chemicals are handled or stored improperly? Health hazards Is health effects caused directly by the chemicals themselves, not an injury resulting from a reaction
Recognize a release of chemicals Detect over exposure to chemicals Write secondary container labels Hazard communication plan Employers must develop, implement and maintain a written hazard communication plan that contains a list of hazardous chemicals
Dusts, fumes. Fibres . Mists . Vapors , gases , solids , liquids Chemical effects On various organs of the human body depend on several important factors : solid , liquid or gas ? Ingested , inhaled , absorbed or injected ?
How much chemical makes it’s ways into the body? How poisonous is the chemical?
HAZWOPER Hazardous waste operations and emergency response covers response to uncontrollable releases CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
Routes of entry Routes of entry of chemicals may take must be known when assessing the workplace for chemical hazards. Alternative labeling methods HMIS ( hazardous material information system)
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS :
It focuses on the relationship between the worker , task tools and environment .after you identify uncontrolled hazards , you will take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an acceptable risk level . You can prevent workplace injuries and illnesses.
NFPA (national fire protection association ) Material safety data sheet Used to communicate chemical hazard information from the manufacturer to the employee to train and inform on safe use of hazardous chemicals Employers must obtain a MSDS from the chemical manufacturer or import as soon as possible Employers must maintain in the workplace copies of required material safety data sheets
IMPROVE YOUR EMPOYEES
Get together with your employees and talk about the actual and potential hazards and unsafe behaviors they believe might exist in their current work and surroundings .Discuss the possible accident that might result from the hazards and behaviors . Next come up with ideas to eliminate or control those hazards and behaviors.
Employee must know The hazard communication program The measures to protect themselves
LOOK FOR HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND UNSAFE BEHAVIOURS
Detect the release or presence of hazardous chemical Physical and health hazards When new hazardous chemical is used in organization
Material safety data sheets Experienced workers Accident and incident reports
First aid statistical record
Basic job step
Behavior based safety reports
Hazard present
Safety committee meeting minutes
Preventive measures
Safety inspection reports
GOALS WHILE CONDUCTING A JHA
Previous JHAs
What can go wrong
Existing work procedures
What are the consequences ?
Equipment manuals
How could the hazard arise ?
Preventive /corrective maintenance
What are the other contributing factors ?
records
HIGH RISK BEHAVIOURS Working at evaluation , no matter what job is
How likely is that hazard will occur ?
TIPS Write safe job procedure
Lifting , lowering , pushing , pulling and other manual handling operations
Hire professionals to conduct JHA
Other working above or below the work area
Improve the JHA process by taking a team approach
Use of bridge cranes man lifts , or other heavy equipment
RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEEMNT
Working on or near energized equipment /components
SAFETY MANUAL
Working alone or in isolated workplaces Operating vehicles
HOW TO ASSESS THE RISK
Working within a confined space or under temp extremes
The risk score is determined by multiplying the consequence and likelihood scores you have recorded for each hazard
To assess the risk associated with hazards you have identified, ask the following questions:
RISK ANALYSIS Risk = probability*severity JHA FORMAT JHA includes three columns:
How likely is the hazard to cause harm to someone?
What is the worst possible damage the hazard could cause in terms of human suffering and cost if you don't resolve the problem?
How many people are exposed to the risk? Sometimes it may be the amount of time workers spend on an activity that creates the safety risk, rather than the nature of the work task itself. Everyone is different. A hazard may also pose more risk to some people more than others because of differences in physical strength, experience, training etc.
HOW TO MANAGE THE RISK
The risk score is determined by multiplying the consequence and likelihood scores you have recorded for each hazard
To assess the risk associated with hazards you have identified, ask the following questions:
How likely is the hazard to cause harm to someone?
What is the worst possible damage the hazard could cause in terms of human suffering and cost if you don't resolve the problem?
How many people are exposed to the risk? Sometimes it may be the amount of time workers spend on an activity that creates the safety risk, rather than the nature of the work task itself.
Everyone is different. A hazard may also pose more risk to some people more than others because of differences in physical strength, experience, training etc.
THE END THANK YOU PLEASE GIVE YOUR FEEDBACK :
[email protected] 03442271438
