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Frlqukpf - Xlrô 5862
É@CKGL 6.
..................................................................................................... 7 XUJGLWJ K@C\WSUKFO ......................................................................................................
6.6. XUJGLWJW XU JGLWJW K@C\WSUKFOLW NKWKGJW ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... 7 6.6.6. FXOKGFGKJ@LW CL OJW XUJGLWJW NÉWKGJW .......................................................... ..................................................................... ........... 3 6.5. XUJGLWJW XU JGLWJW K@C\WSUKFOLW V\ÉIKGJW .................................................................................... .................................................................................... ;
6.5.6. SKXJW CL XUJGLWJW V\ÉIKGJW ............................................................................. 68 6.5.5. GFUFGSLUÉWSKGFW CL OF K@C\WSUKF V\ÉIKGF ............................................................. 68 ......................................................................................................... 68 6.5.5.6. Gjipltl`gkf ..........................................................................................................
6.5.5.5. Slg`jojbéf ............................................................................................................. 66 6.5.5.7. K`vlstkbfgk÷` y Clsfrrjooj ................................................................................... 66 ................................................................................................................... 65 6.5.5.3. Gfpktfo .................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................ ........................................... 65 6.5.5.<. If`j Cl Jerf .............................................................
6.5.5.>. K`tlbrfgk÷` ............................................................................................................ 67 6.5.7. FXOKGFGKJ@LW CL OJW XUJGLWJW V\KIKGJW .............................................................. 67
6.7.
6.5.7.6.
K`custrkf iltæokgf ....................................................................................... 67
6.5.7.5.
................................................................................. 6< K`custrkf `j iltæokgf ..................................................................................
CKFBUFIF CL XUJGLWJ NÉWKGJ K@C\WSUKFO ....................................................... 62
6.7.6. CKFBUFIF CL NO\DJ CL OF XUJC\GGK×@ CL FTÔGFU GJ@ WKIEJOJBÉF ................. 57 EKEOKJBUFNKF .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. 53
6. XUJGLWJ K@C\WSUKFO Sfiekë` oofifcj prjglsj cl nferkgfgk÷`, if`unfgturf j prjcuggk÷`, ls lo gj`du`tj cl jplrfgkj`ls `lglsfrkfs pfrf ijcknkgfr ofs gfrfgtlréstkgfs cl ofs iftlrkfs prkifs1 ckgmfs gfrfgtlréstkgfs gjij of njrif, of cl`skcfc, of rlskstl`gkf, lo tfiföj j of lstëtkgf. Cl`trj cl ojs prjglsjs k`custrkfols lxkstl` tfiekë` ojs prjglsjs néskgjs y quéikgjs. Lo prjp÷sktj cl ojs prjglsjs k`custrkfols ls cl trf`snjrifr trf`snjrifr iftlrkfs prkifs l` u` prjcugtj nk`fo, of k`struil`tfgk÷` k`struil`tfgk÷` prjvll lo skb`knkgfcj clo prjglsj cl prjcuggk÷` pfrf fslburfr qul ojs prjcugtjs slf` lofejrfcjs fprjpkfcfil`tl. fprjpkfcfil`tl. 6.6. XUJGLWJW K@C\WSUKFOLW NKWKGJW Ls fqulo cj`cl ojs gjipj`l`tls fo slr sjiltkcjs f u` prjglsj `j gfiekf` sus prjpklcfcls lo prjglsj ls rlvlrskeol. Xjr ldlipoj f gj`tk`ufgk÷` sl il`gkj`f` fobu`js prjglsjs kipjrtf`tls l` ckstk`tkvj slgtjrls k`custrkfols.
FCWJUGK×@
Ls of jplrfgk÷` u`ktfrkf néskgf rlbkcf pjr of trf`snlrl`gkf cl iftlrkf. Gj`skstl l` of lokik`fgk÷` cl fobô` gjipj`l`tl cl u`f nfsl noukcf ilckf`tl u` s÷okcj qul oj rltkl`l. Lo noukcj pulcl slr u` oéqukcj j u` bfs. Of fcsjrgk÷` ls u` nl`÷il`j cl suplrnkgkl. L` of suplrnkgkl clo s÷okcj sl cf` k`tlrfggkj`ls qul mfgl` qul ofs ijoëguofs clo noukcj qulcl` rltl`kcfs. Ojs s÷okcjs lipolfcjs mf` cl tl`lr u`f brf` suplrnkgkl cl fcsjrgk÷` gjij ls lo gfsj clo gfre÷` fgtkvj, blo cl séokgl, foôik`f fgtkvfcf.
\`f cl ofs fpokgfgkj`ls iæs gj`jgkcfs cl of fcsjrgk÷`, ls of lxtrfggk÷` cl muilcfc clo fkrl gjiprkikcj. Sfiekë` lstæ prlsl`tl l` of k`custrkf k`custrkf fokil`tfrkf l` of clgjojrfgk÷` tf`tj tf`tj l` of fzugfrlrf gjij cl fglktls, l` pjtfekokzfgk÷` clo fbuf, fbuf, clpurfgk÷` cl fbufs fbufs rlskcufols, lokik`fgk÷` cl jojrls jojrls cl bfsls k`custrkfols y clsuonurfgk÷` clsuonurfgk÷` clo bfs `fturfo.
GL@SUKN\BFGK×@
Of gl`trknubfgk÷` ls u` prjglsj cl slpfrfgk÷` qul utkokzf of fggk÷` cl of nulrzf gl`trénubf pfrf prjijvlr of fglolrfgk÷` cl pfrtéguofs l` u`f ilzgof cl s÷okcjoéqukcj. Cjs nfsls gofrfil`tl ckstk`tfs sl njrif` l` lo rlgkpkl`tl curf`tl of gl`trknubfgk÷`4 Lo slckil`tj, qul bl`lrfoil`tl `j tkl`l u`f lstrugturf u`knjril. Lo gl`trknubfcj j lo gj`gl`trfcj qul ls lo oéqukcj nojtf`tl.
6.6.6. FXOKGFGKJ@LW CL OJW XUJGLWJW NÉWKGJW Ls iuy usfcf l` ofejrftjrkjs ofejrftjrkjs cl gj`trjo cl gfokcfc, cl næerkgfs qul lofejrf` zuijs f efsl cl gétrkgjs, pfrf gj`trjofr g j`trjofr lo `kvlo cl puopf nk`f cl lstjs, slpfrf`cj of puopf nk`f clo zuij lxprkikcj. Jtrf fpokgfgk÷` cl ofs gl`trénubfs ls of lofejrfgk÷` cl fglktl cl jokvf. L` loof ofs fglktu`fs u`f vlz ijokcfs y eftkcfs sl k`trjcugl` l` u`f gl`trénubf mjrkzj`tfo mjrkzj`tfo l` of qul sl slpfrf lo fglktl qul ls of nrfggk÷` il`js plsfcf clo rlstj cl gjipj`l`tls cl of fglktu`f1 fbuf, mulsj, puopf ltg. \`f fpokgfgk÷` kipjrtf`tl ls of slpfrfgk÷` s lpfrfgk÷` clo urf`kj 57< clo urf`kj 57=. Ofs gl`trknubfcjrfs utkokzf` k`struil`tjs oofifcjs eutkr÷iltrjs pfrf ilckr lo brfcj cl brfsf j grlif qul gj`tkl`l of olgml, lxkstl` cknlrl`tls tkpjs cl eutkrjiltrj pfrf grlif, if`tlgf, ltg
Gl`trknubfcjrf k`custrkfo
6) OF CLWMKCUFSFGK×@ Wl trftf cl lxtrflr sjofil`tl lo fbuf, ilckf`tl gfojr sufvl qul `j fotlrf ofs gfrfgtlréstkgfs prk`gkpfols. Of clsmkcrftfgk÷` `j sjoj ls ôtko pfrf fofrbfr of vkcf cl fokil`tjs sk`j tfiekë` `js nfgkoktf lo foifgl`fdl, trf`spjrtl y if`kpuofgk÷` cl ojs iksijs. Ojs clsmkcrftfcjrls clsmkcrftfcjrls Wjofrls Wj` fpfrftjs sl`gkoojs y qul `js nfgkoktf` l`jrilil`tl of tfrlf cl slgfr ojs fokil`tjs, plrj `j mlijs k`vl`tfcj `fcf. Ojs fokil`tjs sl slgf` clscl lo @ljoétkgj y mfy k`ckgkjs cl qul tjcfs ofs gkvkokzfgkj`ls mf` utkokzfcj lstl iëtjcj. Ls nægko cl gjiprl`clr, yf qul ls u` iëtjcj sl`gkooéskij qul s÷oj sl `lglsktf pj`lr ojs fokil`tjs fo sjo. Wu fpokgfgk÷` ls gjiô` l` of k`custrkf cl fokil`tjs, fsé gjij, lo slgfcj cl brf`js j ifclrf, ojs gufols tkl`l` u` brf` gj`tl`kcj cl muilcfc l` loojs. Ls usufo lo usj clo slgfcj gjij ilckj cl prlslrvfgk÷` cl iftlrkfols ekjo÷bkgjs, l` jgfskj`ls, sl oolbf mfstf lo oéiktl cl clsmkcrftfgk÷`, pfrf cksik`ukr cksik`ukr of fgtkvkcfc efgtlrkf`f j ikgrjekjo÷bkgf l` bl`lrfo. Lstj sl clel, f qul of fgtkvkcfc ikgrjekjo÷bkgf glsf f `kvlols cl muilcfc il`jrls clo 68%.
Clsmkcrftfcjrf Clsmkcrftfcjrf Wjofr4
5) CLWSKOFGK×@ Xrjglsj qul gj`skstl l` gfol`tfr u` oéqukcj mfstf qul sus gjipj`l`tls iæs vjoætkols pfsf` f of nfsl cl vfpjr y, f gj`tk`ufgk÷`, l`nrkfr lo vfpjr pfrf rlguplrfr ckgmjs gjipj`l`tls l` njrif oéqukcf pjr ilckj cl of gj`cl`sfgk÷`. Lo jedltkvj prk`gkpfo cl of clstkofgk÷` ls slpfrfr u`f ilzgof cl vfrkjs gjipj`l`tls gjipj`l`tls fprjvlgmf`cj sus ckstk`tfs vjoftkokcfcls, vjoftkokcfcls, j ekl` slpfrfr ojs iftlrkfols vjoætkols cl ojs `j vjoætkols. Wk` liefrbj, of nk`fokcfc prk`gkpfo cl of clstkofgk÷` ls jetl`lr lo gjipj`l`tl iæs vjoætko l` njrif purf.
Lstf jplrfgk÷` sl fpokgf l` tjcjs ojs `kvlols k`custrkfols cl prjcuggk÷`, clscl fpokgfgkj`ls l` k`custrkf nfrifgëutkgf y cl quéikgf nk`f, mfstf of k`custrkf clo pltr÷olj y prjcuggk÷` f brf` lsgfof. Ldlipojs iæs gjiu`ls ls l` of jetl`gk÷` cl fogjmjo gfreurf`tl, fsé gjij prjcuggk÷` cl bfsjok`f y skikofrls. Lo brf` k`tlrës l` of clstkofgk÷` prjvkl`l cl of k`custrkf clo pltr÷olj pfrf jetl`lr lo gjieustkeol qul usfijs mfektufoil`tl, j tf`tjs jtrjs clrkvfcjs gjij ojs poæstkgjs. Brf` pfrtl cl of k`vlstkbfgk÷` l` clstkofgk÷` sl mf rlfokzfcj l` lstl slgtjr, qul utkokzf skliprl of ijcfokcfc "gj`tk`uf" pjrqul ofs gf`tkcfcls l` sj` iuy brf`cls. L` tf`tj, lo iëtjcj "eftgm" sl utkokzf l` of k`custrkf plqulöf y ilckf`f nfrifgëutkgf, fokil`tkgkf1 cl trf`skstjrls, ltg. Lo gfipj cl usj cl fiejs tkpjs cl clstkofgk÷` ls iuy vfstj.
Clstkofgk÷` nrfggkj`fcf clo pltr÷olj4 Lo pltr÷olj `fturfo `j sl usf gjij sl lxtrfl cl of `fturfolzf sk `j qul sl slpfrf l` ilzgofs ifs skipols cl mkcrjgfreurjs qul tkl`l` usjs lsplgénkgjs.
7) L^FXJUFGK×@ Ls u`f jplrfgk÷` qul plriktl rlijvlr u` oéqukcj cl u`f ilzgof, gj` lo jedltkvj cl slpfrfr gjipj`l`tls j gj`gl`trfr u`f sjougk÷`, suik`kstrf`cj l`lrbéf. L` lo prjglsj cl lvfpjrfgk÷` sl gjikl`zf gj` u` prjcugtj oéqukcj y tlrik`f gj` u`j iæs gj`gl`trfcj plrj ejielfeol. Lstl prjcugtj iæs gj`gl`trfcj pfsf f slr lo prjcugtj prk`gkpfo clo prjglsj l` lstf ltfpf. Wl utkokzf l` ofs skbukl`tls k`custrkfs4 - K`custrkf Olgmlrf gj` lvfpjrfcjrls vlrtkgfols cl tuejs ofrbjs.
- K`custrkf cl dubjs dubjs cl nrutfs gj` lvfpjrfcjrls lvfpjrfcjrls cl ploéguof clsgl`cl`tl y lo cl cl Mkcrjokzfcf ploéguof fbktfcf. - Lxtrfgtjs. - K`custrkf nrkbjrénkgf. - K`custrkf fvégjof.
3) NKOSUFGK×@ Ls lo prjglsj u`ktfrkj cl slpfrfgk÷` cl s÷okcjs l` u`f suspl`sk÷` pjr ilckj cl u` ilckj ilgæ`kgj pjrjsj, tfiekë` oofifcjs tfikz, oofifcjs tfikz, grkef, grkef, glcfzj glcfzj j nkotrj. Bl`lrfoil`tl fo ilckj ilgæ`kgj pjrjsj usfcj pfrf of slpfrfgk÷` ilgæ`kgf sl ol oofif nkotrjs, tfikgls, glcfzjs, grkef, j pjpuofril`tl l k`gjrrlgtfil`tl4 ifoofs j tlofs. Ofs fpokgfgkj`ls cl ojs prjglsjs cl nkotrfgk÷` sj` iuy lxtl`sfs, l`gj`træ`cjsl l` iugmjs æiektjs cl of fgtkvkcfc muif`f, tf`tj l` of vkcf cjiëstkgf gjij cl of k`custrkf bl`lrfo, cj`cl sj` pfrtkguofril`tl kipjrtf`tls fquloojs prjglsjs k`custrkfols qul rlquklrl` cl ofs tëg`kgfs quéikgfs.
Xrjglsj cl Nkotrfgk÷` cl fbuf4 Lo fbuf clgf`tfcf ls gj`cugkcf mfstf ojs nkotrjs, ftrfvlsf`cj pfrf looj u` olgmj cl frl`f cj`cl ofs pfrtéguofs qul `j mf` skcj lokik`fcfs l` lo prjglsj cl clgf`tfgk÷` qulcf` rltl`kcfs.
<) OF OL^KBFGK×@ Ls u` prjglsj cl slpfrfgk÷` néskgj efsfcj l` ofs cl`skcfcls cl of ilzgof. Gj`skstl l` puovlrkzfr of ilzgof sjokcf y trftfrof oulbj gj` cksjovl`tls fprjpkfcjs, sl utkokzf cksjovkl`cj ofs sustf`gkfs l` fbuf, ofs pfrtéguofs iæs nk`fs qulcf` l` suspl`sk÷`, ikl`trfs qul ofs iæs plsfcfs qulcf` l` lo nj`cj. Lstl iëtjcj ls iuy lipolfcj l` of ik`lréf lsplgkfoil`tl pfrf of slpfrfgk÷` cl iltfols prlgkjsjs.
>) X\O^LUKTFGK×@ GFS×CKGF Ls u` prjglsj néskgj l` lo qul sl prjcugl of vfpjrkzfgk÷` cl ojs ætjijs cl u` iftlrkfo s÷okcj cl`jik`fcj "eof`gj" ilckf`tl lo ejiefrclj cl ëstl pjr kj`ls l`lrbëtkgjs. Lstl ls u` prjglsj iuy utkokzfcj l` of njrifgk÷` cl ploéguofs cl ploéguofs clobfcfs sjerl iftlrkfols, tëg`kgfs cl brfefcj y tëg`kgfs f`foétkgfs. Of puovlrkzfgk÷` gft÷ckgf lstæ gfusfcf prk`gkpfoil`tl pjr lo k`tlrgfiekj cl ijil`tj l`trl ojs kj`ls y ojs ætjijs clo iftlrkfo, clekcj f gjokskj`ls. \sjs Lstl nl`÷il`j sl usf cl njrif lxtl`skvf l` of k`custrkf cl ojs slikgj`cugtjrls pfrf clpjsktfr ploéguofs nk`fs cl ckvlrsjs iftlrkfols sjerl jeolfs cl skokgkj. Wl pulcl usfr tfiekë` pfrf fpokgfr gfpfs nk`fs sjerl grkstfo pfrf fpokgfgkj`ls ÷ptkgfs. Lo prjglsj sl pulcl oolvfr f gfej f tliplrfturfs tliplrfturfs iuy efdfs, oj qul ol mfgl lo iëtjcj kclfo pfrf clpjsktfr pulrtf, nul`tl y crl`fcjr l` trf`skstjrls l` trf`skstjrls cl ploéguof nk`f, fsé nk`f, fsé gjij gj`tfgtjs l` ckjcjs l` ckjcjs XK@. Cl mlgmj, lo usj cl of puovlrkzfgk÷` gft÷ckgf pfrf clpjsktfr ploéguofs nk`fs sjerl u` suestrftj ls slburfil`tl u`f cl sus fpokgfgkj`ls iæs kipjrtf`tls kipjrtf`tls mjy l` céf.
Iæquk`f cl clpjskgk÷` cl X^C
6.5. XUJGLWJW K@C\WSUKFOLW V\ÉIKGJW Wl gj`jgl gjij prjglsj f u` gkgoj njrifcj pjr ltfpfs qul sl suglcl` y qul prjvjgf` u` cltlrik`fcj gfiekj cl lstfcj. Ojs prjglsjs kipokgf` lo pfsj cl tklipj j, l` jgfskj`ls, u` fvf`gl skie÷okgj. Ojs prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs sj` jplrfgkj`ls qul clrkvf` l` of ijcknkgfgkj` cl u`f sustf`gkf, yf slf f pfrtkr cl u` gfiekj cl lstfcj, cl gjipjskgkj gjipjskgkj ` j cl jtrfs gj`ckgkj`ls. Lstjs prjglsjs kipokgf` lo clsfrrjooj cl rlfggkj`ls quikgfs. ikgfs. \` prjglsj quikgj ikgj pulcl fgfrrlfr tfiekl` rlfggkj`ls nskgfs. skgfs. Wk sl gjipfrf of iftlrkf k`kgkfo gj` of rlsuotf`tl fo nk`fokzfr lo prjglsj, sl `jtfrf` ckvlrsjs tkpjs cl gfiekjs. Ojs prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs pulcl` clsfrrjoofrsl cl if`lrf `fturfo j f pfrtkr cl u`f if`kpuofgkj` clo mjierl. Ls pjskeol l`gj`trfr prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs l` tjcjs ojs fiektjs. Ojs gkl`t nkgjs nkgjs k`gousj sjstkl`l` qul lo l`fijrfikl`tj `j ls ifs qul u` prjglsj quikgj ikgj prjvjgfcj nl`koltkofik`f, of cjpfik`f y of `jrlpk`lnrk`f. `jrlpk`lnrk`f. Of fggkj` pjr l`cjrnk`fs gjij of nl`koltkofik`f, ekjoj ekjoj bkgf cl lstf gofsl cl mjrij`fs jelclgl f of `lglskcfc clo lstfeolgkikl`tj lstfeolgkikl`tj cl v `guojs `guojs qul clrkvl` l` of rlprjcuggkj` y, pjr oj tf`tj, l` of sueskstl`gkf cl of lsplgkl. lsplgkl. k`custrkf1 cl mlgmj, sl Lxkstl u`f lstrlgmf rlofgkj` l`trl ojs prjglsjs qu ikgjs ikgjs y of k`custrkf1 gj`skclrf` pfrtl cl ojs cl`jik`fcjs prjglsjs k`custrkfols, ojs gufols gj`skstl` l` u`f slrkl cl trf`snjrifgkj`ls nskgfs skgfs y quikgfs ikgfs qul sl oolvf` f gfej gj` lo jedltkvj cl lofejrfr u` prjcugtj nk`fo, cknlrl`tl clo k`kgkfo. F oj ofrbj cl lstl prjglsj, sl oolvf` f gfej vfrkfs ltfpfs, y sl pulcl l`gj`trfr l` iugmjs fiektjs, gj` jedltkvjs iuy cknlrl`tls, gjij slr ojs skbukl`tls4
purknkgfgkj purknkgfgkj ` cl iltfols1
k`vlstkbfgkj k`vlstkbfgkj ` gkl`tnkgf1 nkgf1
nferkgfgkj nferkgfgkj ` cl pof pof stkgjs1 stkgjs1
lofejrfgkj lofejrfgkj ` cl fokil`tjs1
okipklzf cl fbufs1
nferkgfgkj` cl nfrifgjs1
lofejrfgkj lofejrfgkj ` cl iftlrkfols pfrf of gj`struggkj gj`struggkj `.
Wk ekl` of prkilrf kifbl` qul sulol vl`kr`js f of il`tl guf`cj pl`sfijs l` quikgf ikgf ls u` tuej cl l`sfyj, iugmjs cl ojs prjglsjs qu ikgjs ikgjs sl lnlgtuf` l` rlfgtjrls, rlgkpkl`tls j gj`trjofcf , lqukpjs l` ojs gufols sl oolvf` f gfej rlfggkj`ls quéikgfs cl if`lrf gj`trjofcf, tjif`cj l` gul`tf nfgtjrls tfols gjij g jij of prlskj prlskj `, of tliplrfturf y lo `u `u ilrj cl rlfgtf`tls, l`trl iugmjs jtrjs. F vlgls ojs rlfgtjrls sj` ekjojbkgjs, ls clgkr, slrls vkvjs qul sl k`vjougrf` l` ojs prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs pfrf rlfokzfr cknlrl`tls tfrlfs. Lstj sl fprlgkf, pjr ldlipoj, l` of okxkvkfgkj` clo gjerl y of okipklzf cl fbufs gj`tfik`fgkj gj`tfik`fgkj ` 6.5.6. SKXJW CL XUJGLWJW V\ÉIKGJW
Xrjglsj iltfoôrbkgj
Of iltfourbkf ls of tlg`jojb f y of gkl`gkf usfcf pfrf slpfrfr ojs iltfols pfrtkl`cj cl sus il`fs (u` tkpj cl ik`lrfo). Lo prjglsj iltfou iltfou rbkgj fbrupf gklrtjs prjglsjs quikgjs, ikgjs, gjij slr of rlcuggkj` lolgtrj quikgf, ikgf, qul skrvl pfrf gj`slbukr of purlzf cl u` iltfo f pfrtkr cl of rlcuggkj` cl sus gjipj`l`tls.
Xkrjiltfourbkf
Lstf slrkl cl prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs sl efsf l` lo usj cl tliplrfturfs lolvfcfs pfrf of ijcknkgfgkj ijcknkgfgkj ` clo ik`lrfo y su rlcuggkj rlcuggkj ` f iltfo okerl.
Lolgtrjiltfourbkf
\` brupj cl prjglsjs pfrf rlcugkr il`fs iltf iltf okgfs okgfs j rlnk`fr iltfols, efsfcj l` of lolgtrjoksks (lo usj cl gjrrkl`tl lol lol gtrkgf gtrkgf pfrf clsgjipj`lr u`f sustf`gkf l` cksjougkj cksjougkj `).
Nferkgfgk÷` cl fokil`tjs
L` lstl gfsj sl lipolf` iugmjs prjglsjs quikgjs ikgjs gj` sustf`gkfs tfols gjij gjojrf`tls, prlslrvf`tls y sfejrkzf`tls, pfrf jetl`lr ckvlrsjs jedltkvjs, qul vf` clscl of gj`slrvfgkj` mfstf of pjtl`gkfgkj` clo sfejr. 6.5 6.5.5. GFUFGSLUÉWSKGFW .5. GFUFGSLUÉWSKGFW CL OF K@C\WSUKF V\ÉIKGF 6.5.5.6. Gjipltl`gkf Of k`custrkf quéikgf ls iuy gjipltktkvf. Lo gjilrgkj cl prjcugtjs quéikgjs ls k`tlr`fgkj`fo y ofs gjipföéfs sl vl` njrzfcfs f gjipltkr, l` sus prjpkjs pfésls, gj` gjipföéfs lxtrf`dlrfs tf`tj l` sus prjpkjs ilrgfcjs gjij l` ojs lxtrf`dlrjs. Lstf gjipltl`gkf ls cl cjs tkpjs4 of gjipltl`gkf qul sl bl`lrf l`trl gjipföéfs qul prjcugl` y vl`cl` lo iksij prjcugtj, sjerl tjcj sk lo prjcugtj f lofejrfr gj`stktuyl u`f iftlrkf prkif cl brf` clif`cf1 gjij pjr ldlipoj, prjcugkr fij`éfgj1 lstl prjcugtj ls of iftlrkf prkif cl vfrkfs k`custrkfs quéikgfs tfols gjij of cl nlrtkokzf`tls, lxpojskvjs, nfrifgëutkgf, nfrifgëutkgf,
pjoéilrjs l`trl jtrfs. Lxkstl` pjgfs cknlrl`gkfs l`trl ofs cknlrl`tls gjrpjrfgkj`ls qul prjcugl` lstl prjcugtj rlsplgtj f of gfokcfc y ftl`gk÷` tëg`kgf fo gokl`tl, of tl`cl`gkf ls qul lo `ôilrj cl prjcugtjrls slf efdj, sl bl`lrl` fotjs vjoôil`ls cl prjcuggk÷` y of gjipltl`gkf l` ojs prlgkjs slf k`tl`sf. \`f gjipföéf qul `j gul`tl gj` ofs efsls rlofgkj`fcfs gj` iftlrkf prkif j tlg`jojbéf cl prjglsfikl`tj `lglsfrkj pfrf ojbrfr gjstjs cl prjcuggk÷` gjipltktkvjs skipolil`tl `j pulcl nu`gkj`fr cl if`lrf lnlgtkvf l` lstl tkpj cl ilrgfcjs1 lo jtrj tkpj cl gjipltl`gkf ls of qul sl rlfokzf l`trl ojs cknlrl`tls prjcugtjs. Wj` iugmjs ojs prjcugtjs quéikgjs qul sl fcquklrl` pfrf sftksnfglr u`f `lglskcfc pfrtkguofr, pjr ldlipoj, pfrf lipolfrojs gjij f`tkjxkcf`tls, clstrukr efgtlrkfs j fesjrelr ouz uotrfvkjoltf1 gj` nrlgul`gkf jgurrl qul mfy vfrkjs prjcugtjs cknlrl`tls gj` gfrfgtlréstkgfs cknlrl`tls, cknlrl`tl brfcj cl lnlgtkvkcfc y prlgkjs cknlrl`tls plrj qul oolvf` f gfej g fej nu`gkj`ls skikofrls. Gjij lstjs prjcugtjs prjcugtjs rlprlsl`tf` njrifs fotlr`fs pfrf qul lo gokl`tl sftksnfbf of iksif `lglskcfc, ojs prjcugtjs prjcugtjs gjipktl` l`trl sé. L` lstl tkpj cl ilrgfcj, of lnlgtkvkcfc clo prjcugtj, lo prlgkj y lo slrvkgkj j bfrf`téf qul sl jnrlgl fo gokl`tl sj` lolil`tjs kipjrtf`tls pfrf tl`lr ëxktj l` ofs vl`tfs. 6.5.5.5. Slg`jojbéf Of lnkgkl`gkf cl of gfpfgkcfc cl prjcuggk÷` y lo gj`tk`uj ildjrfikl`tj cl ojs prjcugtjs gjilrgkfols clpl`cl l` brf` ilckcf clo gj`jgkikl`tj tf`tj tëg`kgj gjij gkl`ténkgj. Wj` iuy pjgfs ofs k`custrkfs quéikgfs qul utkokzf` sus prjpkfs tlg`jojbéfs y of brf` ifyjréf, prlnklrl of clpl`cl`gkf tlg`jo÷bkgf yf qul gj` lstj fmjrrf` gjstjs l` k`vlstkbfgkj`ls tlg`jo÷bkgfs, qul cl pjr sé sj` efstf`tl lolvfcfs, clekl`cj rlgfrbfr ojs iksijs f ojs prjcugtjs nk`fols. Of tlg`jojbéf quéikgf ls ck`æikgf y fvf`zf gj`stf`tlil`tl f pfsjs fbkbf`tfcjs pjr oj qul of rfpkclz y jesjolsgl`gkf l` prjglsjs y prjcugtjs prjcugtjs rlsuotf iuy fotf1 sk` liefrbj, u`f ræpkcf jesjolsgl`gkf `j ls gfrfgtlréstkgf cl tjcfs ofs pof`tfs quéikgfs, pjr ldlipoj, lo lqukpj pfrf jetl`lr prjcugtjs quéikgjs k`jrbæ`kgjs cl brf` vjouil`, cj`cl of tlg`jojbéf `j gfiekf ræpkcfil`tl, pulcl k`gousj curfr cl 58 f 78 föjs gjij ls lo gfsj cl ofs pof`tfs cl fij`éfgj y ægkcj suonôrkgj gj`strukcfs gj`strukcfs l` ojs föjs trlk`tf y mjy l` 6.5.5.7. K`vlstkbfgk÷` y Clsfrrjooj Of k`custrkf quéikgf k`vklrtl brf`cls gfpktfols l` lo ærlf cl k`vlstkbfgk÷` y clsfrrjooj. \`f K`custrkf quéikgf qul sl gj`skclrl gjipoltf, clel tl`lr cl`trj cl su lstrugturf, u` clpfrtfil`tj cl k`vlstkbfgk÷` y clsfrrjooj l` qul ofejrf plrsj`fo tëg`kgj gfoknkgfcj y fotfil`tl gfoknkgfcj, (k`bl`klrjs, okgl`gkfcjs y cjgtjrls l` quéikgf) du`tj gj` ofejrftjrkjs cl k`vlstkbfgk÷` ekl` cjtfcjs clscl lo pu`tj cl vkstf cl k`nrflstrugturf (iftlrkfols, rlfgtkvjs y lqukpjs gkl`ténkgjs)1 lstj plriktkræ, clsfrrjoofr `ulvfs oé`lfs cl prjcuggk÷`, ik`kikzfr ltfpfs l` ojs prjglsjs cl prjcuggk÷` gj` of gj`skbukl`tl cksik`ugk÷` cl gjstjs, lvfoufgk÷` l k`vlstkbfgk÷` cl `ulvjs prjglsjs, clsfrrjooj cl pftl`tls, fslsjrfikl`tj tëg`kgj y gkl`ténkgj f k`custrkfs skikofrls y ojs ifs kipjrtf`tl, clsfrrjooj cl `ulvfs tlg`jojbéfs. Clel clstfgfrsl qul of k`custrkf quéikgf ls of qul sl l`gfrbf cl nk`f`gkfr su prjpkf k`vlstkbfgk÷` sk` clpl`clr cl sueskckjs clo bjeklr`j pjr oj qul rlsuotf efstf`tl gjstjsf `j sjoj l` lo pfbj cl `÷ik`f clo plrsj`fo fotfil`tl gfoknkgfcj sk`j l` of fcqukskgk÷` y if`tl`kikl`tj cl ojs lqukpjs k`ckspl`sfeols, fcqukskgk÷` cl rlfgtkvjs lsplgénkgjs. @j tjcfs ofs gjipföéfs quéikgfs mfgl` brf`cls k`vlrskj`ls l` k`vlstkbfgk÷` y clsfrrjooj, pjr
ldlipoj, ofs gjipföéfs qul nferkgf` prjcugtjs quéikgjs k`jrbæ`kgjs l` brf`cls gf`tkcfcls j nlrtkokzf`tls, cj`cl ojs gfiekjs tlg`jo÷bkgjs sj` plqulöjs j gfsk `uojs, bfstf` iugmj il`js qul ofs gjipföéfs nfrifgëutkgfs nfrifgëutkgfs y fquloofs qul lofejrf` prjcugtjs quéikgjs cl fotj vfojr gjij ls lo gfsj cl ojs fcktkvjs y prlslrvftkvjs prlslrvftkvjs pfrf of k`custrkf cl fokil`tjs. 6.5.5.3. Gfpktfo Of k`custrkf quéikgf rlquklrl cl sunkgkl`tl ck`lrj ekl` slf pfrf of gj`struggk÷` `ulvfs k`stfofgkj`ls, fipokfgk÷` cl ofs yf lxkstl`tls j pfrf k`vlstkbfgk÷` y clsfrrjooj. Xjr oj bl`lrfo clo tjtfo cl utkokcfcls oéqukcfs jetl`kcfs, sjoj u`f plqulöf pfrtl sl ckstrkeuyl gjij ckvkcl`cjs f ojs fggkj`kstfs ikl`trfs qul lo brulsj sl rlk`vklrtl l` lo `lbjgkj. Lstl usj cl brf`cls gfpktfols pfrf ofs k`stfofgkj`ls cl prjcuggk÷` sl clel f ckvlrsjs nfgtjrls4 f) Ls gj`skstl`tl gj` lo ræpkcj clsfrrjooj cl of k`custrkf quéikgf l` rlofgk÷` gj` tjcfs ofs k`custrkfs cl trf`snjrifgk÷`, trf`snjrifgk÷`, e) rlnoldf guf` fotf ls of vlojgkcfc cl jesjolsgl`gkf cl ojs prjglsjs y prjcugtjs prjcugtjs quéikgjs y g) lstæ rlofgkj`fcj ckrlgtfil`tl gj` of `fturfolzf cl ofs pof`tfs quéikgfs1 lo lqukpj quéikgj `jrifoil`tl ls lsplgkfokzfcj, gjipoldj y prlsl`tf u` fotj brfcj cl k`struil`tfgk÷` y usjs cl iftlrkfols lsplgkfols cl gj`struggk÷`4 fcliæs, cl rlqulrkr cl slrvkgkjs tfols gjij lolgtrkgkcfc, vfpjr, skstlifs sks tlifs cl l`nrkfikl`tj l` ojs cknlrl`tls prjglsjs qul fsé oj rlquklrf`, fbuf, lokik`fgk÷` cl clsplrckgkjs y jtrjs slgu`cfrkjs. Jtrj nfgtjr qul mf jeokbfcj f ofs gjipföéfs quéikgfs f k`vlrtkr l` k`stfofgkj`ls gfcf vlz ifs brf`cls pfrf prjcuggk÷` ls of ‟lgj`jiéf f lsgfof’. L` of ifyjréf cl ojs prjglsjs, lo gjstj cl of pof`tf `j fuil`tf l` njrif ok`lfo fo k`grlil`tfrsl lo tfiföj j of gfpfgkcfc cl prjcuggk÷`1 fobu`js gjstjs, gjij of k`struil`tfgk÷` k`struil`tfgk÷` sj` gfsk k`clpl`ckl`tls clo tfiföj j of gfpfgkcfc cl prjcuggk÷`1 jtrjs, gjij ojs gjstjs cl rlfgtjrls y gjoui`fs cl clstkofgk÷`, fuil`tf` slbô` su gfpfgkcfc, lolvfcf fo lxpj`l`tl 5/7, (gjstj 9 (gfpfgkcfc)5/7. Lstf rlofgk÷` sl gj`jgl gjij of oly clo gufcrfcj fo guej y sl rlnklrl fo mlgmj cl qul ojs gjstjs lstæ` fsjgkfcjs gj` lo ærlf suplrnkgkfo clo lqukpj ikl`trfs qul of gfpfgkcfc cl prjcuggk÷` sl rlofgkj`f gj` lo vjouil` clo lqukpj pjr oj qul lo lnlgtj cl cupokgfr of gfpfgkcfc cl u`f pof`tf `lglsfrkfil`tl, `j cupokgf ojs gjstjs cl prjcuggk÷`. 6.5.5.<. If`j Cl Jerf Gj`skclrf`cj lo vfojr cl ojs prjcugtjs qul nferkgf, of k`custrkf quéikgf `j lipolf tf`tj plrsj`fo gjij lo qul fpfrl`tf. Ifyjril`tl, gj`trftf sjoj lo plrsj`fo rlqulrkcj pjr gfcf u`j cl ojs Clpfrtfil`tjs qul of gjipj`l`1 cl tjcjs loojs, lo cl k`vlstkbfgk÷` y clsfrrjooj, oj gj`njrif` lo plrsj`fo cl ifyjr gfoknkgfgk÷` fgfcëikgf, (XmC l` Vuéikgf, Okgl`gkfcjs l` Vuéikgf y l` K`bl`klréf cl Xrjglsjs, Sëg`kgjs Vuéikgjs suplrkjrls y jtrjs qul slf` `lglsfrkjs)1 lo rlstj oj gj`njrif` ojs jplrfrkjs (jerlrjs y tëg`kgjs cl ilckf`j `kvlo), lipolfcjs prjnlskj`fols, lo plrsj`fo fcik`kstrftkvj y ojs k`bl`klrjs cl prjglsjs y cl prjcuggk÷`. Lo fvf`gl tlg`jo÷bkgj, mf vl`kcj ik`kikzf`cj lo lipolj cl plrsj`fo l` ofs ckvlrsfs ærlfs.
6.5.5.>. K`tlbrfgk÷` Lo clsfrrjooj ls u`f gfrfgtlréstkgf k`mlrl`tl cl u`f gjipföéf lnkgkl`tl y ck`æikgf. L` of k`custrkf quéikgf lo grlgkikl`tj y clsfrrjooj pjr k`tlbrfgk÷` ls ifs kipjrtf`tl qul lo ojbrfcj pjr ckvlrsknkgfgk÷`1 pjr ldlipoj, u` prjcugtjr eæskgj cl ltkoë` bokgjo qul l`trf fo ilrgfcj gj`suikcjr gj` u`f njriuofgk÷` gjij f`tkgj`blof`tl, j slf, `j sjoj prjcugl of iftlrkf prkif clo f`tkgj`blof`tl sk`j tfiekë` lo prjcugtj nk`fo ckrkbkcj fo gj`suikcjr.. Of ijtkvfgk÷` f lstl pfsj slréf` ofs ifyjrls utkokcfcls qul bl`lrfoil`tl vf` fsjgkfcfs gj` ojs prjcugtjs cl gj`suij. 6.5.7. FXOKGFGKJ@LW CL OJW XUJGLWJW V\KIKGJW 6.5.7.6. K`custrkf iltæokgf Xkrjiltfourbkf clo mklrrj F. Xkrjiltfourbkf Of mliftktf, Nl5J7, y of ifb`ltktf, Nl 7J3, sj` cjs ik`lrfols cj`cl lo mklrrj sl l`gul`trf gjij jxkcj y ls ilckf`tl lo prjglsj cl of pkrjiltfourbkf qul sl pulcl jetl`lr lstl lolil`tj. Of rlcuggkj` clo mklrrj jgurrl l` u` ‟fotj mjr`j’, qul gj`skstl l` u` rlfgtjr qu ikgj gfpfz cl trfefdfr cl if`lrf gj`tk`uf. Lo fotj mjr`j sl gfrbf pjr of pfrtl suplrkjr gj` u`f ilzgof cl il`f cl mklrrj, gjqul y pklcrf gfokzf. Lo gjqul skrvl gjij gjieustkeol, ls clgkr, l`trlbf of l`lrb f `lglsfrkf pfrf prjcugkr ofs fotfs tliplrfturfs y fclifs fpjrtf ojs bfsls rlcugtjrls GJ y M 5. Of pklcrf gfokzf, GfGJ7, skrvl gjij nul`tl cl GfJ, qul rlfggkj`f gj` ojs skokgftjs y jtrfs sustf`gkfs pfrf njrifr of lsgjrkf. Jtrf iftlrkf prkif kipjrtf`tl ls lo fkrl, yf qul sl rlquklrl pfrf of gjieustkj` clo gjqul. @jtlsl of cknlrl`gkf cl tliplrfturf l` ofs cknlrl`tls pfrtls clo fotj mjr`j. Lo prjglsj quikgj ikgj qul jgurrl ls lo skbukl`tl4 6. L` lo mjr`j lo jx bl`j bl`j rlfggkj`f gj` lo gjqul y sl njrif ij`jxkcj cl gfrej`j, okelrf okelrf `cjsl `cjsl l`lrbf gfoj gfoj rkgf. G(s) + J5(b) l 5 GJ(b) 5. Lo vfpjr cl fbuf rlfggkj`f gj` lo gfrej`j, prjcugkl`cj ij`jxkcj cl gfrej`j l mkcrjbl`j. Lstf rlfggkj` ls l`clrbj`kgf y fclifs skrvl pfrf rlbuofr of tliplrfturf l` lo fotj mjr`j. M5J(b) + G(s) l GJ(b) + M5(b) 7. Lstjs cjs bfsls (GJ y M5) sj` ojs l`gfrbfcjs cl rlcugkr ojs jxkcjs cl mklrrj (Nl7J3) f mklrrj iltfokgj. Nl7J3(s)+ 3 GJ (b) l 7 Nl(s)+ 3 GJ5(b) Nl7J3(s)+ 3 M5(b) l 7 Nl(s) + 3 M5J(b)
Lo mklrrj nu`ckcj sl fguiuof l` of efsl clo fotj mjr`j y sjerl ll o qulcf u`f gfpf cl lsgjrkf qul kipkcl qul lo mklrrj rlfggkj`l gj` lo jxbl`j bl`j qul l`trf. Of ifyjr pfrtl clo mklrrj qul sl jetkl`l sl jgupf l` of prlpfrfgkj` clo fglrj. 3. Of pklcrf gfokzf pjr lnlgtj cl of tliplrfturf sl clsgjipj`l l` jxkcj cl gfogkj y f`mcrkcj crkcj gfrej`kgj, tfo gjij oj lxprlsf of lgufgkj`4 GfGJ7 l GfJ + GJ 5 Lo jxkcj cl gfogkj rlfggkj`f gj` lo jxkcj cl skokgkj, qul bl`lrfoil`tl sl l`gul`trf prlsl`tl l` ojs ik`lrfols cl mklrrj, y sl njrif` skokgftjs cl gfogkj4 WkJ5 + GfJ l GfWkJ7 Lo skokgftj cl gfogkj ls nu`ckcj clekcj f ofs fotfs tliplrfturfs clo mjr`j y, cfcj qul ls il`js cl`sj qul lo mklrrj, nojtf sjerl ll o.o. Jtrjs jj xkcjs `j iltf iltf okgjs okgjs sl ilzgof` gj` lo skokgftj cl gfogkj y njrif` of lsgjrkf, of qul pulcl slr rlijvkcf nfgkoil`tl. Mkcrjiltfourbkf clo gjerl E. Mkcrjiltfourbkf Of mkcrjiltfourbkf gj`skstl l` prjglsjs l` sjougkj` fgujsf ilckf`tl ojs gufols sl lxtrfl lo iltfo cl u`f il`f. Lo prjglsj mkcrjiltfou mkcrjiltfou rbkgj ifs kipjrtf`tl ls of okxkvkfgkj`, l` lo gufo lo ik`lrfo qul gj`tkl`l lo iltfo qul sl clslf lxtrflr sl cksulovl cl u` ijcj slolgtkvj. Wk lo gjipulstj ls sjoueol l` fbuf, l`tj`gls lo fbuf rlsuotf slr u` eul` fbl`tl pfrf of okxkvkfgkj`, plrj l` bl`lrfo, pfrf of okxkvkfgkj okxkvkfgkj ` sl jgupf u`f sjougkj sjougkj ` fgujsf cl u` f gkcj, gkcj, u`f efsl, j u`f sfo. Gfel clstfgfr qul l` ojs ik`lrfols cl gjerl jxkcfcjs sl fpokgf of okxkvkfgkj` y l` ojs ik`lrfols cl gjerl suonurfcjs of nojtfgkj` pfrf of jetl`gkj` cl gjerl iltfokgj. L` of jetl`gkj` cl gjerl cl of gfogjpkrktf (GuNlW5), (ik`lrfo cl gjerl suonurfcj) lstl ik`lrfo sl trftf gj` u`f sjougkj` fgujsfcl gojrurj guprkgj (GuGo5). L` of rlfggkj` tjcj lo gjerl prlgkpktf gjij gojrurj guprjsj (GuGo), lo gufo sl slpfrf nfgkoil`tl clo fzunrly clo mklrrj qul qulcf gjij gojrurj nlrrj sj, tfo gjij oj sl`fof of rlfggkj`4 GuNlW5(s)+ 7 GuGo 5(fg) l 3 GuGo(s)+ NlGo5(fg)+ 5 W(s) Fo gojrurj guprjsj (GuGo) sl ol fbrlbf fbrlbf u`f sjougkj sjougkj ` fgujsf cl gojrurj cl sjckj, oj qul prjvjgf of cksjougkj` clo prlgkpktfcj y of njrifgkj` clo gjipoldj kj` ckgojrj gjerl (K), GuGo56- , qul qulcf l` sjougkj` fgujsf. GuGo(s) + Go6-(fg) l GuGo56-(fg) Ojs gjipulstjs cl gjerl(K) sj` k`lstfeols. Lo Gu6+ cksiutf f gjerl iltfokgj y f Gu 5+ l` njrif cl GuGo 5, sustf`gkf qul sl jgupf `ulvfil`tl pfrf lo trftfikl`tj clo ik`lrfo. 5 GuGo56-(fg) l Gu(s) + GuGo5(fg) + 5 Go- (fg)
G. Lolgtrjrrlnk`fgk÷` clo gjerl Lo gjerl sl purknkgf pjr lolgtrj lolgtrj oksks, prjglsj qul gj`skstl l` oj skbukl`tl4 Brf`cls pof`gmfs cl gjerl skrvl` cl f`jcjs cl of glocf, ikl`trfs ojs gftjcjs sj` ofik`fs clobfcfs cl gjerl. Fiejs lolgtrjcjs sl l`gul`trf` l` u`f sjougkj` fgujsf cl suonftj gu gu prkgj. Fo fpokgfr u`f cknlrl`gkf cl pjtl`gkfo fprjpkfcf, prjvjgf of jxkcfgkj` clo gjerl iltfokgj f Gu5+ l` lo f`jcj y of rlcuggkj` clo Gu 5+ f Gu iltf iltf okgj okgj l` lo gf gf tjcj. tjcj. Lo prjglsj jgurrl brfgkfs f qul ls ifs nfgko qul jgurrf of rlcuggkj` clo Gu5+ qul of clo fbuf. 6.5.7.5.
K`custrkf `j iltæokgf
F. Lo yjcj Lo yjcj (K) ls u` lolil`tj `j iltfokgj qul sl prlsl`tf l` lstfcj sjokcj grkstfok`j y ls cl gjojr `lbrj brksf brksf glj glj erkoof`tl. Lo yjcj y sus s us gjipulstjs tkl`l` brf` fpokgfgkj fpokgfgkj ` l` ilckgk`f, ls nu`cfil`tfo pfrf lo eul` nu`gkj`fikl`tj cl of tkrjkcls, pjr oj gufo clel lstfr prlsl`tl prlsl`tl l` of ckltf. Jtrjs usjs cl ojs gjipulstjs clo yjcj sj` of nferkgfgkj` cl gjojrf`tls y of lofejrfgkj` cl rlvlofcjrls pfrf ofs ploguofs guofs njtjbrfnkgfs. E. Xrlpfrfgk÷` clo [jcj L` Gmkol, lo yjcj sl lxtrfl prk`gkpfoil`tl gjij sueprjcugtj cl of purknkgfgkj` clo sfoktrl, l` lo qul sl l`gul`trf l` njrif cl [jcftj cl sjckj (@f K J7). Guf`cj lo sfoktrl sl purknkgf pjr grkstfokzfgkj grkstfokzfgkj `, lo nkotrfcj gj`tkl`l yjcftj cl sjckj, qul sl ilzgof y gfokl`tf gj` eksuonftj eksuonftj cl sjckj (@f MWJ 3). L` lstl prjglsj prlgkpktf lo yjcj l` njrif sjokcf, qul oulbj sl ofvf, prl`sf, slgf y purknkgf pjr sueokifgkj`, l` u`fs tjrrls cksl`fcfs pfrf lsl nk`. G. Xrjglsj cl jetl`gk÷` cl ægkcj suonôrkgj Lo fgkcj suonurkgj (M 5 WJ3) ls u` gjipulstj qu ikgj ikgj qul sl lipolf l` of lofejrfgkj` cl nlrtkokzf`tls, l` of iltfourbkf clo gjerl y l` of nferkgfgkj` cl pkbil`tjs, l`trl jtrfs iu iu otkpols fpokgfgkj`ls. Lo prjglsj cl prjcuggkj` clo M 5WJ3 ifs utkokzfcj l` of fgtufokcfc ls lo iëtjcj cl gj`tfgtj. gj`tfgtj. Gj`skstl, prkilrj, l` jetl`lr lo ckjxkcj cl fzunrl (WJ 5) l` u` qulifcjr f pfrtkr cl ojs ik`lrfols qul gj`tkl`l` fzunrl, slbu slbu ` of lgufgkj lgufgkj ` W (W) + J5 (b) ↕
WJ5 (b)
Oulbj, lo ckjxkcj cl fzunrl sl gj`vklrtl l` trkjxkcj cl fzunrl l` prlsl`gkf cl u` gftfokzfcjr1 lo pl`tjxkcj cl vf`fckj (^5J<), slbu slbu `4
5WJ 5 (b) + J5(b) ↕ 5WJ7 (b) Xjstlrkjril`tl, lo trkjxkcj cl fzunrl sl pj`l l` gj`tfgtj gj` lo fbuf pfrf jetl`lr lo fgkcj suonurkgj WJ7 (b) + M5J ↕ M 5WJ3 Of njrifgkj` clo fgkcj suonurkgj ls u` prjglsj lxjtlrikgj, gfpfz cl okelrfr brf`cls gf`tkcfcls cl l`lrbf. f. Ofs k`custrkfs cl fgkcj k cj suonu suonu rkgj fprjvlgmf` lstl gfojr okelrfcj pfrf prjvjgfr jtrjs prjglsjs k`custrkfols l k`gousj, l` gklrtjs gfsjs, pfrf prjcugkr lolgtrkgkcfc. L` ofs nu`ckgkj`ls cl gjerl, lo WJ 5 prjcugkcj sl rlgjbl y sl trfsnjrif l` ff gkcj gkcj suonu suonu rkgj pjr lstl iltjcj.
CKFBUFIF CL XUJGLWJ NÉWKGJ K@C\WSUKFO Ckfbrfif cl noudj cl of prjcuggk÷` cl fzôgfr
6.7.
XLWFCJ CL OF GFÖF
ULGLXGKJ@
Fbuf Gj`cl`sfcf
OF^FCJ
Fbuf gj` tklrrf, pklcrfs, frl`f
XULXFUFGKJ@
Fbuf cl kiekekgk÷` gj`cl`sfcj =<¸G
Efbfgkooj IJOKL@CF
Efgtlrkgkcf < ‗ 68 ppi
GJOFCJ
Dubj cl ilzgofcj L@GFOFCJ
Dubj nkotrfcj
Dubj l`gfofcj pM 2.= ‗ =.8 GFOL@SFIKL@SJ
Efbfgkooj Ojcjs cl gfgmfzf Gfgmfzf Fbjtfcf
Wfgfrftj cl gfogkj 63 ‗ 6> ¸El S dubj 688 ‗ 683¸G Nojguof`tl 5 ‗ 7 ppi
GOFUKNKGFGKJ@
NKOSUFGKJ@
Dubj gofrknkgfcj pM >.= ‗ 2.8 Fbuf gj`cl`sfcf
GJOFCJ
L^FXJUFGKJ@
Dfrfel >8 ‗ >< ¸Erkx Sl`sjfgtkvj
GJGKIKL@SJ
Sl`sjfgtkvj
GUKWSFOKTFGKJ@
Iklo
GL@SUKN\BFGKJ@
Fzugfr ;=.< ‗ ;; ¸Xjo L@^FWFCJ
FOIFGL@FIKL@SJ
S¸ cl jplrfgk÷` >8- >< ¸G X vfgkj 0 5<¸ Mb
Fbuf Gj`cl`sfcf
Kipurlzfs
Xlsfcj cl of gföf K`kgkf gj` lo plsj l` eæsguofs cl ofs u`kcfcls qul trf`spjrtf` of gföf cl fzôgfr l` lo k`bl`kj y qul sl l`gul`trf` fo k`brlsj clo ærlf k`custrkfo. Fcliæs l` lstf pfrtl sl cltlrik`f of gfokcfc cl of iftlrkf prkif, tjif`cj iulstrfs qul sl f`fokzf` gj`tk`ufil`tl gj`tk`ufil`tl l` lo ofejrftjrkj cl gj`trjo cl gfokcfc.
Ulglpgk÷` Of gföf qul oolbf f of næerkgf sl clsgfrbf sjerl ofs ilsfs cl fokil`tfgk÷` pjr ilckj ilckj cl vkrfcjrls cl gföf gj` gfpfgkcfc cl <8 SI. Xfrf tl`lr u` prjglsj iæs okipkj, l` ofs ilsfs cl gföf sl fpokgf fbuf l`trl 668 y 658 ¸N pfrf ofvfcj.
Ofvfcj Xfrf tl`lr u` prjglsj iæs okipkj, l` ofs ilsfs cl gföf sl fpokgf fbuf l`trl 668 y 658 ¸N pfrf ofvfcj lokik`f`cj fsé s÷okcjs j iftlrkf lxtrföf gjij of tklrrf, sfols, ik`lrfols, pklcrfs y jtrjs qul sl fcmklrl` f loof l` lo gfipj curf`tl lo fogl f ofs dfuofs qul of trf`spjrtf` mfgkf of næerkgf.
Xrlpfrfgk÷` Oulbj of gföf sl sjiltl f u` prjglsj cl prlpfrfgk÷` qul gj`skstl l` rjiplr y clsnkerfr ofs glocfs cl ojs tfoojs pjr ilckj cl trjglfcjrfs, trjglfcjrfs, pkgfcjrfs jsgkof`tls y clsnkerfcjrfs, pfrf pjclr pfsfr fo prjglsj cl lxtrfggk÷` clo dubj.
Ijokl`cf Of gf`f prlpfrfcf ls gj`cugkcf f ojs ijok`js, cj`cl sl rlfokzf lo prjglsj cl lxtrfggkj` cl of sfgfrjsf, qul gj`skstl`tl l` lxprkikr y ofvfr lo gjogmj` cl efbfzj l` u`f slrkl cl ijok`js, ilckf`tl of gjiprlskj gjiprlskj ` cl of gf` gf` f pjr ofs ifzfs.
L`gfofcj
Of gföf ls sjiltkcf f u` prjglsj cl prlpfrfgk÷`, qul gj`skstl l` ferkr y/j clsnkerfs ofs glocfs cl ojs tfoojs pjr ilckj cl ofs pkgfcjrfs y u` clsnkerfcjr, qul sj` ldls prjvkstjs prjvkstjs cl ifrtkoojs y/j gugmkoofs, gjojgfcjs sjerl ojs gj`cugtjrls, efdj ofs gufols sl mfgl pfsfr lo gjogm÷` cl gföf.
Gfol`tfikl`tj L` lo rlgjrrkcj cl of gf` gf` f pjr lo ijok`j sl fbrlbf fbuf, bl`lrfoil`tl bl`lrfoil`tl gfokl`tl, pfrf lxtrflr lxtrflr fo if if xkij xkij of gf`tkcfc cl sfgfrjsf qul gj`tkl`l lo iftlrkfo nkerjsj. L stl prjglsj cl lxtrfggkj lxtrfggkj ` ls oofifcj ifglrfgkj ifglrfgkj `. Lo efbfzj bl`lrfcj ls gj`cugkcj cl u` ijok`j f jtrj pjr ilckj cl gj`cugtjrls k`tlrilckjs cl fglrj lstrugturfo y lo lxtrf cj cj clo uotkij ijok`j sl utkokzf l` ofs gfoclrfs gjij gjieustkeol, prjcugkl`cj prjcugkl`cj lo vfpjr cl fotf prlskj prlskj ` qul sl lipolf l` ofs turek`fs cl ojs ijok`js j gjij iftlrkf prkif pfrf of nferkgfgkj` cl pfplo, ifclrf sk`tl sk`tl tkgf, tkgf, fokil`tj cl bf`fcj y nferkgfgkj nferkgfgkj ` cl gjipjstfdl.
Gofrknkgfgk÷` Lo jedltkvj cl of Gofrknkgfgkj` cl Dubj ls Xrjcugkr u` dubj gofrj pjr ilckj cl of rlijgkj` cl of ifxkif gf`tkcfc cl kipurlzfs, ekl` slf sjokcjs cksulotjs y suspl`ckcjs, fs gjij gjij k`grlil`tfr lo pm pfrf ik`kikzfr ofs plrckcfs pjr k`vlrskj k`vlrskj ` l` ojs prjglsjs sueskbukl`tls. Lo k`grlil`tj cl of tliplrfturf plriktl l`trl jtrjs prlvl`kr lo ftfqul efgtlrkf`j curf`tl of gofrknkgfgkj` y pjr of jtrf cls`fturfokzfr j prlgkpktfr fobu`js gjipoldjs jrbf jrbf `kgjs `kgjs lsplgkfoil`tl ofs prjtl`fs. `fs. Lo gj`trjo clo pM eusgf if`tl`lr lo dubj l` lo `kvlo cl slckil`tfgkj slckil`tfgkj ` fclgufcj, pjr u`f pfrtl, y pjr of jtrf, lvktfr lxglsjs cl gfo qul `j rlfggkj`f` y qul fclifs cl fnlgtfr lo gjojr clo dubj plrif`lglrf` cl`trj clo prjglsj gjij k`grustfgkj k`grustfgk j ` gf gf ogkgf ogkgf l` ojs lvfpjrfcjrls.
Lvfpjrfgk÷` Lo jedltj cl lvfpjrfgk÷` l` u`f næerkgf cl fzôgfr ls cl gj`gl`trfr lo dubj gofrknkgfcj clscl 65 ‗ 62 ´Ex mfstf of ilofcurf >8 ‗ 28 ´Ex, pjr lvfpjrfgk÷` clo fbuf. Of gf`tkcfc cl fbuf lvfpjrfcf ls fprjx. Lo =8% lo plsj clo dubj j fprjx. clo 28 f =8% clo plsj cl of gföf.
Gjgkikl`tj \` k`grlil`tj cl of tliplrfturf tliplrfturf qul plriktl prlvl`kr lo ftfqul efgtlrkf`j.
Grkstfokzfgk÷` Of grkstfokzfgkj grkstfokzfgkj ` j grlgkikl`tj cl of sfgfrjsf qul gj`tkl`l lo dfrfel sl oolvf f gfej l` tfgmjs fo vfgj. j. Lstjs gjgkikl`tjs, slbu slbu ` su purlzf prjcugkrf prjcugkrf ` fzu fzu gfr grucj y fzugfr eof`gj. Lstl ls u` prjglsj clijrfcj qul k`custrkfoil`tl sl fglolrf k`trjcugkl`cj k`trjcugkl`c j fo tfgmj u`js brf`js ikgrjsgj ikgrjsgj pkgjs cl fzu fzu gfr, cl`jik`fcjs slikoofs. slik oofs. Of lxplrkl`gkf clo jplrftkvj clel duzbfr lo pu`tj lxfgtj clo gjgkikl`tj, pfrf of jetl`gkj` cl u` eul` prjcugtj.
Gl`trknubfgk÷` y slgfcj Ojs grkstfols clo fzu fzu gfr sl slpfrf` cl of iklo rlstf`tl l` of gl`trknubfs, lqukpjs gkoé`crkgjs qul bkrf` f brf` vlojgkcfc. Of iklo pfsf f trfvls cl ofs tlofs, ojs grkstfols qulcf` ftrfpfcjs cl`trj cl ofs gl`trknubfs y oulbj sl ofvf` gj` fbuf. Ofs iklols vulovl` f ojs tfgmjs j ekl` sl utkokzf` gjij iftlrkf prkif pfrf of prjcuggkj prjcuggkj ` cl fogjmjo l` ofs clstkolréfs. Lo fzu fzu gfr pfsf fo prjglsj cl slgfcj y l`nrkfcj.
Wlgfcj.- frlf cj`cl sl rlfokzf lo slgfcj cl fzugfr, gj` lo jedltkvj cl jetl`lr of fzugfr jptkif pfrf lo ilrgfcj, gj` u` pjrgl`tfdl cl 8.87% f 8.83% cl muilcfc.
L`vfsfcj y foifgl`fikl`tj Lo fzu fzu gfr grucj cl lxpjrtfgkj lxpjrtfgkj ` sfol ckrlgtfil`tl cl of slgfcjrf f ofs ejclbfs cl foifgl`fikl`tj. L` ofs ejclbfs sl gfrbf f brf`lo l` gfikj`ls qul of trf`spjrtf` fo pulrtj cl liefrqul. Lo fzôgfr eof`gj lstæ`cfr y rlnk`fcf sl lipfgf l` sfgjs cl <8 y 3> ab y duiejs cl 6388 ab. pfrf slr gjilrgkfokzfcj ojgfo l k`tlr`fgkj`foil`tl.
6.7.6. CKFBUFIF CL NO\DJ CL OF XUJC\GGK×@ CL FTÔGFU GJ@ WKIEJOJBÉF
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