Kimberley Anne See 2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017
Preparation 19: Iso-alcoholic Elixir EXPERIMENT: Category: elixir, Category: elixir, unofficial Synonym: Synonym: Iso-elixir Description: clear, Description: clear, colorless, hydroalcoholic solution Use: general vehicle Method of preparation: admixture of two or more ingredients Computations: Iso-alcoholic elixir Low-alcoholic elixir High-alcoholic elixir
Original amount 15 mL 15 mL
Low-alcoholic elixir Compound orange spirit Alcohol Glycerin Sucrose Purified water, qs ad
Original amount 10 mL
Computed amount 0.15 mL
100 mL 200 mL 320 g 1000 mL
1.5 mL 3 mL 4.8 g 15 mL
High-alcoholic elixir Compound orange spirit Saccharin Glycerin Alcohol, qs ad
Original amount 4 mL
Computed amount 0.06 mL
3g 200 mL 1000 mL
0.054 g 3 mL 15 mL
3. Filter solution until clear 4. Add sucrose. Stir. 5. Add H2O to make required volume. High-Alcoholic Elixir 1. Mix compound orange spirit, saccharin, and 7.5 mL alcohol 2. Stir in glycerine. 3. Add sufficient alcohol to make required volume. Iso-alcoholic elixir 1. Mix 15 mL of low-alcoholic elixir and 15 mL high-alcoholic elixir Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle Label: white (internal) POST-LAB: Elixirs -hydroalcoholic solutions that are clear, sweetened, and usually flavored -contain less sugar than syrups -can contain both water-soluble and alcoholsoluble components Adjunctive solvents: glycerine and propylene glycol Sweetening agents: sucrose, saccharin, sorbitol Non-medicated elixirs -used as vehicle in pharmaceutical pharmaceutical preparations Medicated elixirs -used for the indication of the active ingredient incorporated ***10%-12% alcoholic concentration: self-preserving
Methods of preparation: preparation: Simple solution w/ agitation -solute is dissolved in the solvent Admixture of two or more liquid l iquid ingredients ingredients
-Aqueous portion is added to alcoholic portion *general vehicles *use of alligation
Procedure: Low-Alcoholic Elixir 1. Combine alcohol, glycerin, and 7.5 mL H2O. Stir. 2. Add compound orange spirit. Stir. Cover and let stand for 24 hrs.
Preparation 20: Terpin Hydrate Oral Solution EXPERIMENT: Category: medicated Category: medicated elixir, official USP Synonyms: Synonyms: Terpin Hydrate Elixir Elixir Terpin Hydrate Terpinol Elixir Description: colorless Description: colorless solution with striations Use: expectorant (for productive cough)
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Kimberley Anne See 2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017
Method of preparation: admixture of two or more ingredients Computations:
Terpin hydrate Alcohol Orange peel tincture Benzaldehyde Glycerin Syrup Purified water, qs ad
Original amount 17 g 430 mL 20 mL
Computed amount 0.255 g 6.45 mL 0.3 mL
0.05 mL 400 mL 100 mL 1000 mL
1 drop 6 mL 1.5 mL 15 mL
Procedure: 1. Pulverize terpin hydrate in a mortar and pestle 2. In a beaker, add #1 to alcohol 3. Add orange peel tincture, benzaldehyde, glycerine, syrup 4. Add enough water 5. Filter if turbid Packaging: 15 mL narrow mouth amber bottle Label: white (internal) POST-LAB: USP standard: each 100 mL contains n.l.t. 1.53 g and n.m.t. 1.87 g of terpin hydrate Alcohol: co-solvent Water: solvent Orange peel: flavorant Benzaldehyde: preservative Glycerin and syrup: sweetener ***43% concentration of alcohol -if lower, might precipitate out Preparation 21: Compound Orange Spirit EXPERIMENT: Category: non-medicated spirit, official USP Synonym: Spiritus auranti compasitus Description: clear, yellow-orange w/ the odor and taste of orange Use: flavoring agent Method of preparation: simple solution Computations:
Orange oil Lemon oil
Original amount 200 mL 50 mL
Computed amount 12 mL 3 mL
Coriander oil Anise oil Alcohol, qs ad
20 mL 5 mL 1000 mL
24 drops 6 drops 60 mL
Procedure: 1. Place 21.75 mL alcohol 2. Stir in orange oil, lemon oil, coriander oil, anise oil 3. Filter until clear 4. Add alcohol Packaging: 60 mL narrow mouth amber bottle Label: white (internal) POST-LAB: Spirits -essences -alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of aromatic or volatile material High alcoholic concentration: over 60% -AI can be solid, liquid, gas -flavoring agent -medicinal value -can be applied externally, inhaled, or taken orally Methods of preparation: Simple soution -solutes are dissolved in solvent -dissolve oils in alcohol Solution by maceration -leaves are submerged in a suitable solvent Distillation -fermatation yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) -sugar is consumed by yeast, forming alcohol Brandy: fruit juices
Whisky: malt grain ***each 100 mL of compound orange spirit contains nmt 25 mL and nmt 30 mL of mixed oils Preparation 22: Peppermint Spirit EXPERIMENT: Category: medicated spirit, official USP Synonym: Spiritus menthos piperitas Essence of peppermint Description: clear, brilliant green solution w/ the odor and taste of peppermint Use: carminative
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Kimberley Anne See 2A-Pharmacy A.Y. 2016-2017
Method of preparation: maceration Computations:
Peppermint oil Peppermint leaves Alcohol, qs ad
Original amount 100 mL 10 g
Computed amount
1000 mL
30 mL
Procedure: 1. Remove stems, then tear into coarse particles 2. Macerate leaves in 20 mL water for an hour 3. Collect leaves and express in filter paper 4. Macerate moist leaves in 20 mL alcohol for 2 hrs w/ frequent agitation 5. Filter thru muslin cloth or filter paper 6. Stir in peppermint oil then add alcohol Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle Label: white (internal) POST-LAB: **100 mL contains nlt 9 mL and nmt 11 mL peppermint oil Preparation 23: Aromatic Ammonia Spirit EXPERIMENT: Category: medicated spirit, official USP Ingredients: Synonym: Smelling salts Sal volatile Salts of hartshom Description: clear, yellow solution w/ odor of ammonia Use: treatment and prevention of syncopy Method of preparation: Computations:
Ammonium carbonate Strong ammonia solution Lemon oil Myristica oil Lavander oil Alcohol Purified water, qs ad
Original amount 34 g
Computed amount
36 g 10 mL 1 mL 1 mL 700 mL 1000 mL
30 mL
Procedure: 1. Combine strong ammonia solution and 6 mL water then dissolve ammonium carbonate. Stir and let stand for 24 hrs 2. In another beaker, dissolve volatile oils in alcohol 3. Combine two solution 4. Add water 5. Let stand for 24 hrs w/ intermittent agitation 6. Filter if turbid Packaging: 30 mL narrow mouth amber bottle Label: white (internal) POST-LAB: intended to be inhaled each 100 mL has nlt 1.7 g and nmt 21.1 g of total NH3 content. and nlt 3.5 g and nmt 4.5 g of ammonium carbonate
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