REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA FACULTAD FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ING ENIERÍA ESCUELA DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA CÁTEDRA: LABORATORIO LABORATORIO DE TURBOMÁQUINAS PROFESOR: HENRY GUILLEN
INFORME Nº 1: MAQUINAS DE DESPLAZAMIENTO POSITIVO
REALIZADO POR: ANDRES RODRIGUEZ C.I.:22.06.!" C.I.:22.06.!" DAVID DAVID ROMERO C.I.:#$."2%.2$# LUIS CABRERA C.I.: 20.&""2#6
MARACAIBO' 0& DE FEBRERO DE 20#6
INTRODUCCION
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
OBJETIVO Y PROCEDIMIENTO
E+,* /) (4,7(*8,/(7 / (* 839,(* / /+1)*5*8,/(7 17+,,;7 * *;+ / (* =78=* /4,174*(/+.
D/+4*-*
MARCO TEORICO
A) 878/(7 / <*=)* / (* =78=* / /+1)*5*8,/(7 17+,,;7 +/ /9,// 47(74/ 4,/7+ 8,(7+ ,817*(/+: Máquina ! "#ui$: /+ 77 47((7 / ,+17+,,;7+ 8/43(,47+ )7+ 4*)/+
/*),5*( (* ,(/*44,@( 47( ( ),7 9/ 1*+* * *;+ / /))*' /( /) 4*) +/ /*),5* ( ,(/4*8=,7 /(/-,47' +, /) ),7 *8/(* + /(/->* /(7(4/+ )* 8*9,(* /+ -/(/*7*' +, 17 /) 47(*,7 /) ),7 ,+8,(?/ + /(/->* /(7(4/+ )* 8*9,(* +/3 877*. E+*+ 839,(*+ ;*>*( / *4/7 * + (**)/5* 7 47817*8,/(7: Maquina% &i'áu#i(a%: /+*+ 839,(*+ /1/(/( / )7+ 4*8=,7+ / /(/->*
17/(4,*) ? 4,(,4* /) ),7 9/ 1*+* * *;+ / /))*+' )7+ 4*8=,7+ /81/** +7( /+1/4,*=)/+' *8=,( +/ 47(+,/* *) ),7 4787 ,(4781/+,=)/' /+ /4,' / /(+,* 47(+*(/' 17 )7 9/ +/ ,4/ 9/ /) 4**) /+ 47(+*(/. /+*+ 839,(*+ /1/(/( / )7+ 4*8=,7+ / /(/->* 8,4*' /+ /4, +7)7 78*( /( 4/(* 1,(4,1*)8/(/ )7+ 4*8=,7+ / )*+ 171,/*/+ /) ),7 1747 / )7+ 4*8=,7+ / /81/**' )7+ 4*8=,7+ / ;/)74,* +/ 47(+,/*( +, +7( 8? -*(/+ 1** <*=)* / 47(,4,7(/+ 7*)/+' ? )7+ 4*8=,7+ / *)* +/)/( +/ 134,4*8/(/ /+1/4,*=)/+' *=**( 47( ),7+ 4781/+,=)/+' /+ /4, 47( /(+,* ;*,*=)/' 17 )7 9/ +/ ,4/ 9/ )7+ 4**)/+ +7( 47(,(7+ 1/7 (7 47(+*(/+. Maquina% )*'+i(a%:
D/(7 / )*+ 8*9,(*+ <,3),4*+ +/ /(4/(*( )*+ 839,(*+ / /+1)*5*8,/(7 17+,,;7: Máquina% ! !%,#a-a+i!n)$ ,$%i)i.$: +7( *9/))*+ 8*9,(*+ )*+ 4*)/+ *) +/
**;/+**+ 17 /) ),7 )7 /(4*1+)*( ? )7 /(;>*( /( (* ,/44,@(' +7( / 4**) 47(+*(/ 4787 +/ 8/(4,7(@ *(/,78/(/' + /,4,/(4,* /+3 83+ /,(,* 17 )* ,(/*44,@( ? 47(;/+,@( / 17/(4,* 8/43(,4* * <,3),4* 7 ;,4/;/+* /1/(,/(7 /) 4*+7. S/ 4)*+,,4*( 4787 *)/(*,;*+ 7 /4,174*(/+ ? 7*7,*+ 7 77/+*,4*+. P** )* =78=* 9/ ;*87+ * /+,* +/ )/ 4)*+,,4* 4787 '!(i,'$(an)!: E+*+ /1/(/( / + 4*1*4,*' / )* -/78/>* ? *8*7 / )* 8*9,(* )* *)* /+*7))** /+ 8? 1/9/*' ? /) ),7 /4,=/ )* /5* 1,(4,1*)8/(/ / ( 1,+@(' /8=7)7 7 ,**-8*.
CALCULOS Y ANALISIS N+$)$' ',+
P!%$ /'
P% 0a'
P 0a'
T1 %!/
T %!/
T2 %!/
"00 "00 "00 !00 !00 !00
#000 ##00 #2&0 #000 ##00 #2&0
0'# 0'# 0'# 0'# 0'# 0'#
#'$ 2' %'2 2'# 2'2 %'2
#&'!% #6'26 #$'"$ #%'6$ #%'%$ #&'"$
#&'!& #6'% #'%& #%'%# #%'2& #&'&&
#6'2 #6'6 #$'$6 #%'# #&'&# #&'$6
M/,*(/ /) +7 / ( 47(78/7 ? *4@8/7 +/ /*),5*7( )*+ 8/,4,7(/+ /( /) =*(47 / 1/=*+ ? +/ 7=;,/7( )7+ +,-,/(/+ *7+:
S! ($n$(!n #$% %i/ui!n)!% a)$% !# !qui,$:
S! ($n$(!n #$% %i/ui!n)!% a)$% !# )anqu! ! a/ua:
C*/* /) 1,+@( + .!#6 48. D,38/7 /) 1,+@( D 1 .&0 48. D,38/7 /) ;3+*-7 D+ #.#20 48. B*57 ,(*8@8/7 = 20 48
< A)* / ))/(*7 #0 48. D/ D,38/7 //(7 22.& 48. D, D,38/7 ,(/(7 6 48
S! ,'$(!! a '!a#i-a' #$% (á#(u#$% ,!')in!n)!% +!ian)! !# u%$ ! #a% %i/ui!n)!% "$'+u#a%:
V$#u+!n !# )anqu!
V
=
π 4
h ( D e
2
Di
∆P H g.ρ =
A#)u'a
2
−
;
∆ P P d P s =
−
)
=
π 4
/+/ /+ /) ;7)8/( /) *(9/ /) 4*) +/ 8*(,/(/ 47(+*(/ C787 /) ),7 /+ *-* )* /(+,* +/ *=** 4787 #000 J-K8% *L* -*;/* /+ (* 47(+*(/ / !'$# 8K+/-2.
C$!"i(i!n)! ! a#)u'a
Ψ
=
g . H 2
N B . D p
Q real
Caua#
N B
;
2
=
∅=
C$!"i(i!n)! ! "#u3$
5.14
V t promedio
Qreal
N B . D p
3
PB ∆ P.Qreal =
P$)!n(ia ! #a B$+0a
P ^
C$!"i(i!n)! ! ,$)!n(ia
η
=
E"i(i!n(ia /#$0a#
P B
=
∆ P . Q real τ . N motor
3
ρ . N B . D p
η
=
t promedio
V teorico =
V teó rico . N B
5
τ F pesos . b
V E"i(i!n(ia V$#u+*)'i(a
N motor
=
=
π 4
2
2
∗s∗( 2∗ Dp − Ds )
S/ /*),5*7( )7+ 43)4)7+ 1** 4** (* / )*+ 8/,4,7(/+ /*),5**+ ? +/ 7=;,/7( )*+ +,-,/(/+ *=)*+:
RP M
T,'$+!i$
V$# 4+526
A#)u'a4+ 6
"00
#6'0
0'00%6!%
#!'%$""6
"00
#6'%$%% %
0'00%6!%
2&'
"00
#"'%%
0'00%6!%
%%'6"%"
0'00%6!%
22'$!$
#$'%%&6
0'00%6!%
2%'6!%!
#$'%%&6
0'00%6!%
%%'6"%"
#$'%%&6
!00 !00 !00
#%'666 " #'066 " #&'"%
N0
C$A
Q'!a# 4+527%6
C$F
#'26#0 2 #'26#0 2 #'26#0 2
"2'2&%
0'0002%
0'#$%2#!
62#'%$6
0'00022&
0'#"!%$
0'0002#%
0'#6!&$#
0'0002"
0'#6!"%&
0'00026%
0'#62"26
0'0002%&
0'#&%#2
$20'22! & %%0'"!2 # %&'$2$ 2 !6'#$$ 2
RPM
"00 "00 "00 !00 !00 !00
T,'$+!i$ 16,04 16,383 33 17,33 13,466 67 14,046 67 15,73
P0 486
C$P
Tau 4J6
E9
V)!$'i($
EV
%'""6!
$6'%"6%
#'!62
0'%0#$$
0'000#$
0'#0!0#
&6'%&6&
###'%&0%
2'#&$2
0'%&62%6
0'000#$
0'#06"&6
"0'%26$6
#%$'!&%%
2'&2&
0'%!#2
0'000#$
0'#00!2
60'%%$$
&6'0$!66
#'!62
0'%262!6
0'000#$
0'#0#0#6
60'"2$&
&6'2#"!2
2'#&$2
0'2!"%##
0'000#$
0'0!6$&
""'$026
"2'02$6$
2'&2&
0'%%&2#&
0'000#$
0'0$6$#
S/ 174//( * /*),5* )*+ 4;*+ / (4,7(*8,/(7: 9'á"i(a ! A#)u'a .% Caua#
Altura vs Caudal - 700 RPM 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Altura vs Caudal - 900 RPM 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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
9'á"i(a ! P$)!n(ia .% Caua#
Potenca vs Caudal - 700 RPM 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Potenca vs Caudal - 900 RPM 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9'á"i(a ! E"i(i!n(ia /#$0a# .% Caua#
0
0
"#cenca $lo%al vs Caudal - 700 RPM 0!45 0!4 0!35 0!3 0!25 0!2 0!15 0!1 0!05 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
"#cenca $lo%al vs Caudal - 900 RPM 0!4 0!35 0!3 0!25 0!2 0!15 0!1 0!05 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9'a"i(a !"i(i!n(ia .$#u+*)'i(a .% (aua#
0
0
"#cenca &olu'etrca vs Caudal - 700 RPM 0!12 0!1 0!08 0!06 0!04 0!02 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
"#cenca &olu'etrca vs Caudal - 900 RPM 0!12 0!1 0!08 0!06 0!04 0!02 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A) 878/(7 / /*),5* ( *(3),+,+ 4781**,;7 /(/ )*+ 4;*+ / "00 ;+ !00 18 +/ 1// 7=+/;* 9/ * "00 18 )* =78=* /4,174*(/ 7=,/(/ (*+ 8*?7/+ /,4,/(4,*+' )7 9/ /( 7* 78* +/ 1// /1/+* 4787 8/(7 4*(,* / 1/,*+ <,3),4*+ * )7 )*-7 /) 174/+7' * ,//(4,* / 4*(7 )* =78=* 71/* * !00 18 )* 4*) * 1/+* +/ ( 8*?7 (8/7 / 18 ,(4/ * 8*?7/+ 1,*+ ? 17 )7 *(7 8/(7 /,4,/(4,*. S/ 174//( * /*),5* )*+ 4;*+ / (4,7(*8,/(7 / 78* *,8/(+,7(*):
9'á"i(a ! C$!"i(i!n)! ! a#)u'a .% C$!"i(i!n)! ! "#u3$
Coe#cente de altura vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 700 RPM 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0!17
0!17
0!17
0!17
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
Coe#cente de altura vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 900 RPM 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0!14
0!15
0!15
0!16
0!16
0!17
0!17
0!18
9'á"i(a ! C$!"i(i!n)! ! P$)!n(ia .% C$!"i(i!n)! ! F#u3$
Coe#cente de *otenca vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 700 RPM 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0!17
0!17
0!17
0!17
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
Coe#cente de *otenca vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 900 RPM 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0!14
0!15
0!15
0!16
0!16
0!17
0!17
0!18
S/ 1// 7=+/;* 9/ )*+ -3,4*+ *,8/(+,7(*)/+ +/ 47817*( / 78* ,(,4* * ++ 47(*1*/+ ,8/(+,7(*)/+' /+ /4,' )* /)*4,@( /(/ )*+ ;*,*=)/+ *,8/(+,7(*)/+ /+ *(3)7-* * )* / )*+ ;*,*=)/+ ,8/(+,7(*)/+
9'á"i(a ! E"i(i!n(ia 9#$0a# .% C$!"i(i!n)! ! F#u3$
"#cenca $lo%al vs Coe#cente de (u)o -
700 RPM
0!45 0!4 0!35 0!3 0!25 0!2 0!15 0!1 0!05 0 0!17
0!17
0!17
0!17
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
"#cenca $lo%al vs Coe#cente de (u)o -
0!18
900 RPM
0!4 0!35 0!3 0!25 0!2 0!15 0!1 0!05 0 0!14
0!15
0!15
0!16
0!16
0!17
0!17
0!18
9'á"i(a ! E"i(i!n(ia V$#u+*)'i(a .% C$!"i(i!n)! ! F#u3$
"#cenca &olu'etrca vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 700 RPM 0!12 0!1 0!08 0!06 0!04 0!02 0 0!17
0!17
0!17
0!17
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
0!18
"#cenca &olu'etrca vs Coe#cente de (u)o - 900 RPM 0!12 0!1 0!08 0!06 0!04 0!02 0 0!14
0!15
0!15
0!16
0!16
0!17
0!17
0!18
CONCLUSIONES
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
