Xeave f` @str`aags
Xeave f` @str`aags Ag iu`lt` prmlnmpga f`a peave f` `str`aags s`jurgc`lt` prevm`l` f` ag f`smlt`jrgnmþl f` nec`tgs. ^el pgrtãnuags nel tgcg÷es qu` vgl f`sf` irgnnmel`s f` cmnrþc`tres dgstg pm`frgs p`qu`÷gs vmsmba`s e cmnrec`t`ermtes. Fgvmf Ne`aae-N`f`÷e
µWPÍ @^ @A XEAYE F@ @^VR@AAG^5 @a `spgnme `ltr` aes pagl`tgs `stç aa`le f` peave; jrgles f` cgt`rmg qu` s` cu`v`l `l terle g aes pagl`tgs e g ags `str`aags, neln`ltrgfes `l lub`s, glmaaes e nmlturel`s. Xeave mlt`r`st`agr ` mlt`rpagl`tgrme ga qu` aagcgces j`lírmngc`lt` peave f` `str`aags. ^` sgb` gderg qu` tefe, ags `str`aags, aes pagl`tgs y f`cçs nu`rpes qu` ebs`rvgces `l `a Plmv`rse, lgnm`rel f`a peave. Xeave tgl imle nece ags pgrtãnuags nelt`lmfgs `l `a duce prefunmfe per ul nmjgrre, qu` s` nelf`lsþ y nel `a tm`cpe s` gjautmlþ `l neljaec`rgfes cçs y cçs jrglf`s ngfg v`z. @ste, `ltr` etrgs rgzel`s qu` glgamzgr`ces, dg d`nde qu` su `stufme dgyg jglgfe pene g pene jrgl mcpertglnmg `l ag gstrelecãg y ag iãsmng `spgnmga ` spgnmga.. Ags prmc`rgs `vmf`lnmgs qu` aa`vgrel ga f`snubrmcm`lte f`a peave mlt`rpagl`tgrme mlt`rpagl`tgrme iu`rel ags fíbma`s aucmlmsn`lnmgs aucmlmsn`lnmgs ebs`rvgba`s smcuatçl`gc`lt` `l `a dermzelt` pene glt`s f` ag sgamfg y pene f`spuís f`spuís f` f` ag pu`stg pu`stg f`a ^ea, ^ea, nelenmfgs nelenmfgs nece auz zefmgnga.
G imlga`s f`a smjae TYMM, `a gstrþlece mtgamgle Fec`lmne Ngssmlm prepuse qu` gcbes i`lþc`les s` f`b`l g ag fmsp`rsmþl f` ag auz seagr per pgrt` f` ags pgrtãnuags f` peave qu` iercgl ulg lub` `l aes gar`f`fer`s f`a ^ea; ag lub` zefmgnga. @a peave mlt`rpagl`tgrme ` mlt`r`st`agr `s cgt`rmg sþamfg; pgrtãnuags nel tgcg÷es qu` vgl f`sf` ags irgnnmel`s f` cmnrþc`tre (cmaísmcgs f` cmaãc`tre), dgstg ules nugltes n`ltãc`tres. Ags cçs p`qu`÷gs sel ules nm`ltes f` v`n`s c`ler`s qu` ags pgrtãnuags f`a peave qu` `stgces gnestucbrgfes g v`r f`pesmtgfe `l ulg sup`rimnm` sml sgnufmr, e ags qu` v`ces g neltrgauz cevmílfes` ngþtmngc`lt` `l ul rgye f` sea. Ags pgrtãnuags f` peave cgyer`s, f`lecmlgfgs mlmnmgac`lt` ‑cmnrec`t`ermtes–, sel
nece aes jrgles jru`ses f` gr`lg e nece ags pm`frgs cçs p`qu`÷gs qu` `lneltrgces `lneltrgces `l ul kgrfãl.
Gjeste 2874 • Letgs f` Nm`lnmg
7>
Nm`lnmgs `spgnmga`s
µF@ FÞLF@ YM@L@ @A XEAYE5
@xmst` ulg gatg prebgbmam prebgbmamfgf fgf qu` mlfmng qu` ag iu`lt` prmcgrmg f`a peave f` `str`aags s`gl aes nec`tgs. Nuglfe s` gn`rngl ga sea, aes nec`tgs s` s ` f`smlt`jrgl, f`bmfe g ag rgfmgnmþl seagr qu` mlnr`c`ltg su t`cp`rgturg mlfunm`lfe ag `xpuasmþl f` jgs`s dgnmg `a `xt`rmer.
@l ag Vm`rrg `a peave s` prefun` f` fmv`rsgs iercgs. ^us iu`lt`s vgl f`sf` ag `resmþl engsmelgfg per ag gnnmþl f`a vm`lte y `a gjug sebr` ags rengs f` ag sup`rimnm` t`rr`str`, `l aes su`aes e ags celtg÷gs, dgstg ag nelf`lsgnmþl y nrmstgamzgnmþl f` jgs`s y cgjcgs `l ags `rupnmel`s veançlmngs, e gul f` aes jgs`s y vgper`s f` lu`strg gtcþsi`rg. F` ag cmscg iercg, ags `cmsmel`s neltgcmlglt`s grrekgfgs per mlfustrmgs y ceter`s, gsã nece aes necbustmba`s usgfes pgrg prepuasgr ned`t`s y gvmel`s, igver`n`l ag iercgnmþl f`a peave. @stes c`nglmsces prefun`l, `l ag cgyerãg f` aes ngses, jrgles f` gajules cmnrþc`tres f` fmçc`tre. Iu`rg f` ag Vm`rrg, `a peave f` `str`aags, nþscmne, mlt`r`st`agr e mlt`rpagl`tgrme, s` iercg nece prefunte f` ag nelf`lsgnmþl `l ags gtcþsi`rgs f` ags `str`aags e aes nec`tgs, e g pgrtmr tgcbmíl f` ag `resmþl e irgjc`ltgnmþl f` gajules nu`rpes c`ler`s nece gst`remf`s y nec`tgs. Cuy prebgba`c`lt` ag iu`lt` prmlnmpga f` peave f` `str`aags s`gl aes nec`tgs. Nuglfe ul nec`tg s` gn`rng ga ^ea, pgrt` f` ía s` f`smlt`jrg f`bmfe g qu` ag rgfmgnmþl seagr guc`ltg su t`c p`rgturg igver`nm`lfe igver`nm`lfe ag `xpuasmþl `xpuasmþl f` jgs`s dgnmg `a `xt`rmer. ^` iercg gsã ulg `lveaturg jgs`esg g cefe f` gtcþsi`rg, felf` s` j`l`rg `a peave per nelf`lsgnmþl. Nuglfe `a nec`tg s` gn`rng cçs ga ^ea, `a jgs y `a peave s` s`pgrgl per `i`nte f` ag rgfmgnmþl, iercglfe ulg neag r`ntg f` jgs y ulg neag nurvg f` peave. ^` nganuag qu` aes nec`tgs tãpmnes tm`l`l ul fmçc`tre prec`fme f` ules 78 omaþc`tres y qu` `cmt`l dgstg ulg tel`agfg f` peave per s`julfe, f`a nuga, ga c`les >8 per nm`lte `s cgt`rmg erjçlmng. ^us gagrjgfgs þrbmtgs `aãptmngs, e gul pgrgbþamngs, pefrãgl p`rcmtmr qu` pgrt` mcpertglt` f` `st` peave `sngp` dgnmg `a c`fme mlt`r`st`agr fms`cmlglfe cuy `imnm`lt`c`lt` su cgsg per `a Plmv`rse ga mlnursmelgr per ags n`rnglãgs f` ags `str`aags. ^m aes nec`tgs s` iercgl `l ags irelt`rgs cçs a`kglgs f`a ^mst`cg ^eagr y `stçl d`ndes f` ag cgt`rmg ermjmlga y pene gat`rgfg f` ag qu` surjm`rel `a ^ea, aes pagl`tgs y aes f`cçs necpel`lt`s f` lu`stre ^mst`cg ^eagr, `a peave nec`tgrme `s `lteln`s cgt`rmg prmcmtmvg, qu` les fgrãg mliercgnmþl cuy vgamesg sebr` lu`stre prepme ermj`l. Iu`rg f` aes nec`tgs, ags f`cçs iu`lt`s f`a peave f` `str`aags s` nelsmf`rgl s`nulfgrmgs, p`re le c`les mcpertglt`s. @l j`l`rga dgbagces f` fes iu`lt`s s`nulfgrmgs; ulg pagl`tgrmg, felf` s` mlnauy`l pagl`tgs y aulgs mlfmstmltgc`lt`, y etrg gst`remfga.
76 Letgs f` Nm`lnmg • Gjeste 2874
Xeave f` @str`aags
Aes gst`remf`s, gulqu` cuy gpgrtgfes `ltr` sã, pu`f`l ndengr engsmelgac`lt` y irgjc`ltgrs`, j`l`rglfe jrglf`s ngltmfgf`s f` peave. F`p`lfm`lfe f`a mcpgnte, ags pgrtãnuags prefunmfgs pu`f`l gbglfelgr sus þrbmtgs `stgba`s y vmgkgr g etrgs r`jmel`s f`a ^mst`cg ^eagr nece c`t`ermtes e cmnrec`t`ermtes. @stes c`t`ermtes f` ermj`l gst`remfga, kulte nel `a peave f` ermj`l nec`tgrme y f`cçs c`t`ermtes cgyer`s, ndengl nel nm`rtg ir`nu`lnmg nel ags sup`rimnm`s f` ags aulgs g jrglf`s v`aenmfgf`s, nece bgags mlt`rpagl`tgrmgs qu` t`rcmlgl per puav`rmzgr sus sup`rimnm`s. @l cundgs aulgs, nece ag lu`strg, s` ebs`rvg qu` ag sup`rimnm` `stç nubm`rtg per ngpgs f` peave. ^m ag aulg `s p`qu`÷g, su iu`rzg f` jrgv`fgf `s tgcbmíl p`qu`÷g, y `a peave prefunmfe prefunmfe `l `stes mcpgntes s` fmsp`rsg gcpamgc`lt` gcpamgc`lt` y pu`f` s`r prey`ntgfe iu`rg f` ag aulg. @st` `sngp` `l ag cgyerãg f` aes ngses `s r`agtmve, pu`s `a peave qu`fg erbmtglfe ag aulg y iercglfe ulg lub` e dgae t`lu`. ^` dgl ebs`rvgfe `st` tmpe f` lub`s `l aes sgtíamt`s kevmgles Jglãc`f`s y Ngamxte, p`re tgc bmíl `lveavm`lf `lveavm`lfe e ga p`qu`÷e p`qu`÷e Xautþl Xautþl y g su aulg aulg Ngrelt`. Nuglfe `a peave fmsp`rsgfe `l aes mcpgntes f` c`t`ermtes aejrg `sngpgr f` ags aulgs, s` `spgrn` g ae agrje f` ag þrbmtg f` ag aulg iercglfe glmaaes. Aes glmaaes f` peave f` Kûpmt`r, f`snubm`rtes per ags selfgs Ymgk`re Ymgk`re `l 7=:=, s` dgl iercgfe g trgvís f`a tm`cpe nel `a peave fmsp`rsgfe `l aes mcpgntes f` c`t`ermtes `l ags sup`rimnm`s f` sus nugtre p`qu`÷gs aulgs mlt`rmer`s „ C`tms, C`tms, Gfrgst`g, Gcgat`g y V`b` „ , f` gp`lgs ulgs nugltgs f`n`lgs f` omaþc`tres f` rgfme. Gulqu` le tgl `sp`ntgnuagr`s nece aes gtãpmnes glmaaes f` ^gturle, iercgfes per `lerc`s rengs, aes glmaaes kevmgles s` necpel`l bçsmngc`lt` f` pgrtãnuags cmnrecítrmngs cmnrecítrmngs f` peave qu` neliercgl tr`s `strunturgs prmlnmpga`s qu` s` `xtm`lf`l f`sf` aes 7.> dgstg aes > rgfmes kevmgles (ul rgfme kevmgle `s f` gprexmcgfgc`lt` :7 cma 6=2 omaþc`tres), nel ulg f`lsmfgf prec`fme f` cma g fm`z cma pgrtãnuags f` peave peave per c`tre c`tre nûbmne.
Ga v`r tgltg gbulfglnmg f` glmaaes f` peave `l lu`stre ^mst`cg ^eagr, ule s` pr`jultg per quí ag Vm`rrg le pes`` ul glmaae f` peave, e per quí lu`strg aulg le `stç, ga c`les, `lvu`atg per ulg lub` f` peave nece Ngamxte y Jglãc`f`s, qu` sel tr`s v`n`s cçs jrglf`s qu` `aag. @a d`nde `s qu`, gulqu` `s ebvme qu` ag Aulg y ag Vm`rrg `stçl `xpu`stgs `xpu`stgs g aes mcpgntes f` c`t`ermtes y cmnrec`t`ermtes, nece ae pru`bgl aes mlluc`rgba`s mlluc`rgba`s nrçt`r`s aulgr`s, ag gbulfglnmg f` c`t`ermtes `l `stg r`jmþl le s` necpgrg nel ag qu` `xmst` `l ag þrbmtg f` Kûpmt`r. Gf`cçs, per su tgcg÷e ag Vm`rrg le gn`a`rg g aes c`t`ermtes nel suimnm`lt` v`aenmfgf nece pgrg qu` `l `a mcpgnte nel ag sup`rimnm` f` ag Aulg s` j`l`r` peave nel suimnm`lt` suimnm`lt` `l`rjãg qu` v`lzg ag jrgv`fgf aulgr, nece ae dgn` Kûpmt`r. X`re f` mlt`lsmimngrs` `a trçimne `spgnmga `ltr` ag Vm`rrg y ag Aulg, aes t`rrãneags f`a iuture pefrãgl ebs`rvgr ul glmaae f` peave `l terle g ag Vm`rrg iercgfe per ags pgrtãnuags nelf`lsgfgs f` aes jgs`s f` aes necbustmba`s f` ned`t`s.
Prgle y L`ptule tgcbmíl tm`l`l glmaaes f` peave, y s` sesp`ndg qu` Cgrt` pefrãg t`l`r tgcbmíl ul pgr f` glmaaes cuy t`lu`s gamc`ltgfes per aes mcpgntes `l sus fes aulgs, Iebes y F`mces. F` d`nde, `a prepme ^ea pes`` ul glmaae cuy t`lu` f` peave `l `a mlt`rmer f` ag þrbmtg f` C`rnurme, iercgfe per pgrtãnuags qu` `l su vmgk` per `a ^mst`cg ^eagr mlt`rmer dgl smfe ir`lgfgs per ag rgfmgnmþl seagr, r`funm`lfe `a rgfme f` sus þrbmtgs dgstg qu`fgr nelimlgfgs t`cpergac`lt` `l `sg r`jmþl, `l `sp`rg f` s`r vgpermzgfgs nuglfe su fmstglnmg ga ^ea s` r`fuzng ae suimnm`lt`.
Gjeste 2874 • Letgs f` Nm`lnmg
70
Nm`lnmgs `spgnmga`s
AG FMLÇCMNG F@A XEAYE Plg ngltmfgf nelsmf`rgba` f`a peave qu` pu`bag aes gar`f`fer`s f` Kûpmt`r, cçs gaaç f` aes glmaaes kevmgles, `s prefunte f` ags `sp`ntgnuagr`s `rupnmel`s f` aes veangl`s f` Me, ulg f` sus aulgs. Ag gntmvmfgf veançlmng f` Me `s cunde cçs `l`rjítmng qu` ag qu` s` aa`vg g ngbe `l ag Vm`rrg. @stg mlt`lsmfgf y ag fíbma jrgv`fgf f` Me „ smcmagr smcmagr g ag f` lu`strg aulg „ prefun` lub`s jmjglt`s qu` vgl f`sf` aes 698 omaþc`tres f` gaturg qu` bg÷gl ag sup`rimnm` f` Me nel jru`sgs ngpgs f` gzuir` y fmþxmfe f` gzuir`, p`re qu` tgcbmíl p`rcmt`l qu` pgrt` f` `st` cgt`rmga `y`ntgfe per aes veangl`s, mlmnmgac`lt` ceaínuags y peave, `sngp` f` `stg aulg. Ags ceaínuags sel fmsenmgfgs per ag rgfmgnmþl, p`re `a peave cgltm`l` su mf`ltmfgf ` mlt`r`sglt`c`lt` `s `xpuasgfe per `a ngcpe cgjlítmne f`sf` Kûpmt`r, dgnmg `a c`fme mlt`rpagl`tgrme y pesmba`c`lt` dgnmg `a c`fme mlt`r`st`agr, g ulg v`aenmfgf qu` pu`f` sup`rgr aes 288 omaþc`tres per s`julfe.
@l prec`fme, vgrmgs f`n`lgs f` omaes f` peave `sngpgl f` Kûpmt`r ngfg s`julfe. @st` i`lþc`le, f`snubm`rte gp`lgs `l 7==0 nuglfe ag selfg Pams`s s` gprexmcþ g Kûpmt`r, les fg ulg mf`g f` ae necpa`ke f`a cevmcm`lte f` `stgs pgrtãnuags g trgvís f`a `spgnme. @a `sngp` f` peave f` aes gar`f`fer`s f` Kûpmt`r s` ignmamtg per `a d`nde f` qu` aes jrgles f` peave s` `a`ntrmimngl içnmac`lt`, ngpturglfe aes `a`ntrel`s ` mel`s ambr`s qu` s` cu`v`l per `a `spgnme, e f`kglfe `sngpgr gajules gajules f` sus prepmes `a`ntrel`s `xnmtgfes per ag rgfmgnmþl seagr e per ag neamsmþl nel etrgs pgrtãnuags. @stg ngrjg `aíntrmng, `l necbmlgnmþl necbmlgnmþl nel `a p`qu`÷e tgcg÷e f` aes jrgles, dgn` qu` su cevmcm`lte pu`fg s`r gi`ntgfe per aes ngcpes `a`ntrecgjlítmnes. @a ^ea y s`ms f` aes pagl`tgs f`a ^mst`cg ^eagr, `ltr` `aaes ag Vm`rrg, pes``l ngcpes cgjlítmnes, p`re `a f` Kûpmt`r `s tgl mlt`lse qu` fecmlg `l ulg r`jmþl qu` sup`rg `a tgcg÷e f`a ^ea. @st` ngcpe cgjlítmne qu` retg kulte nel `a pagl`tg mlfun` ul ngcpe `aíntrmne qu` gtrg` aes jrgles f` peave l`jgtmves y r`p`a` g aes pesmtmves. ^` sgb` qu` `st` `i`nte s` pr`s`ltg tgcbmíl ga c`les `l `a ^ea y `l ^gturle. @l ag jrgl `sngag f` aes smst`cgs pagl`tgrmes y `st`agr`s, ags iu`rzgs qu` rmj`l aes cevmcm`ltes f` `stes pagl`tgs y `str`aags sel `s`lnmgac`lt` jrgvmtgnmelga`s, f`bmfe g sus jrglf`s cgsgs. X`re pgrg aes nu`rpes nel fmc`lsmel`s mli`rmer`s g aes cmaãc`tres, nece `a peave, ag iu`rzg jrgvmtgnmelga s` nelvm`rt` `l sþae ulg mlt`rgnnmþl cçs, y etrgs iu`rzgs nece ags f`bmfgs g aes ngcpes cgjlítmnes y `aíntrmnes f` aes pagl`tgs y f`a ^ea, e ags iu`rzgs `aíntrmngs f` aes prepmes jrgles f` peave, gsã nece ags iu`rzgs f`bmfgs g ag prepmg rgfmgnmþl seagr, gfqum`r`l r`a`vglnmg. @lt`lf`r ag fmlçcmng f` aes jrgles f` peave pu`f` veav`rs` ulg tgr`g necpamngfg, pu`s f`b`l `lt`lf`rs` ags iu`rzgs mlveaunrgfgs mlveaunrgfgs y ag r`a`vglnmg f` ngfg ulg.
µF@ WPÍ @^VÇ D@NDE @A XEAYE F@ @^VR@AAG^5 Ag necpesmnmþl f`a peave f`p`lf` `str`ndgc`lt` f` ag iu`lt` qu` a` fme ermj`l? f` gdã ag mcpertglnmg f` su `stufme. @a peave f` `str`aags, `stç necpu`ste necpu`ste f` cgt`rmga`s r`irgntgrmes nece `a jrgimte y `a smamnme, qu` s` nrmstgamzgl `l ags gtcþsi`rgs `st`agr`s g p`sgr f` ags t`cp`rgturgs f` vgrmes cma`s f` jrgfes. @l j`l`rga s` nganuag qu` ngsm ul 98 per nm`lte f`a peave f`a ^mst`cg ^eagr `stç necpu`ste per cgt`rmga nelenmfe nece nelfrãtmne, g bgs` f` ngrbþl y necpu`stes quãcmnes amj`res. Pl >8 per nm`lte sel jrgles necpu`stes f` dm`rre-gzuir`-lãqu`a, y `a 78 per nm`lte r`stglt` sel pgrtãnuags necpu`stgs f` smamngtes cçimnes, `s f`nmr, eamvmles y pmrex`les, qu` sel necpu`stes f` cgjl`sme y dm`rre nel ulg bgs` f` smamnme y exãj`le.
79 Letgs f` Nm`lnmg • Gjeste 2874
Xeave f` @str`aags
Ags pgrtãnuags c`les gbulfglt`s f`a c`fme mlt`rpagl`tgrme sel aes jrgles mlt`r`st`agr`s, qu` s` necpel`l f` smamngtes, dm`ae f` gjug y prebgba`c`lt` jrgimte ` mcpur`zgs. Xesmba`c`lt` `stes jrgles suc`l c`les f` 788 pgrtãnuags per ngfg omaþc`tre nûbmne. Le serpr`lf` f`snubrmr qu`, gsã nece aes pagl`tgs, `a peave qu` s` cu`v` cu`v` `l `a mlt`rmer f`a ^mst`cg ^eagr s` necpel` f` cgt`rmga`s cçs p`sgfes, cm`ltrgs qu` `l `a `xt`rmer ag necpesmnmþl `s cçs amj`rg y g bgs` f` dm`aes.
CGLMIM@^VE @st` nec`ltgrme f` t`xte iu` pesmba`s nelsuatglfe ul sml lûc`re f` iu`lt`s f` ambres, r`vmstgs ` mlt`rl`t.
GJRGF@NMCM@LVE^ Wum`re gjrgf`n`r pûbamngc`lt` per c`fme f` `stg `fmterg g cm peave f` `str`aags? `str`aags? ag ^rtg. @rmog @rmog Ngrjug Ngrjug Cerende, per s`r ag iu`lt` f` cm mlspmrgnmþl y per cetmvgrc` g dgn`r nm`lnmg. Fgvmf Ne`aae-N`f`÷e `stufmg `l ag Plmv`rsmfgf Vínlmng Xgrtmnuagr f` Aekg, ag ngrr`rg f` J`stmþl Gcbm`ltga. R`gamzg sus mlv`stmjgnmel`s `l fmi`r`lt`s ngcpes f` ag Wuãcmng. @s guter f` vgrmes trgbgkes pubamngfes pubamngfes `l r`vmstgs r`vmstgs mlt`rlgnmel mlt`rlgnmelga`s. ga`s. Nerr`spelf`lnmg cgma; XcgtrgzHjcgma.nec
Gjeste 2874 • Letgs f` Nm`lnmg
7:
