Kapmrad ^raltilue Idstruecdtasi had ^cdjcdhakiad ^rmscs
Hmscd ^cefiefidj Hrs. Pyaesu Bcread, EX
^CDJSLSVAD FCVAX
HIPSPSD MKCB 7
Hisusud Mkcb 7
Lckmepml
7 II (Hua
Daea Lckmepm epml
7 !" Vi#a ^u$iadi % ," V-ad Xi#m " /alu> 1" Pikacd
(!!&'&)*&+ (!!&'&,!!.* (!!&'&**6.
KAFMVAXMVIS% XCLDIL I HAD II ^VMJVA% PXSHI HIII XCLDIL LI%IA 1SVSPAD XCLDIL XCL DIL LI%IA L I%IA 0ALSKX 0ALSKXAP XCLDIL SDI8CVPIXAP VIAS ,&!
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^cdjulurad ahakab pcd`atatad pcd`atatad suatu fcsarad sc`ara pcrimhil atau lmdtidu, eisakdya guekab fabad hakae satuad lj. ^cdjulurad fcrat atau eassa hari faba fabadd-fa faba bad d yadj yadj paha pahat, t, `air `air atau atau fcrf fcrfcd cdtu tull jas jas hcdj hcdjad ad ecdj ecdjju juda dala lad d tiefadjad (dcra`a) hiscfut pcdiefadjad. Xuguad pcr`mfaad idi ahakab udtul ecep ecepck ckag agar arii `ara `ara ecdj ecdjla laki kifr fras asi, i, ecdj ecdjul ulur ur had had ecdc ecdcdt dtul ulad ad lcsak lcsakab abad ad pcdjulurad paha pcdjulurad fcrat pahatad. ^araectcr utaea yadj hipckagari ahakab ahakab hcdjad hcdjad ecdvar ecdvarias iasila ilad d occhcr occhcr spcch spcch hieada hieada hikalu hikalulad lad pcdjae pcdjaefik fikad ad saepck hua laki had pcrfadhidjad pcdjulurad hcdjad ecdjjudalad tiefadjad adakitil had tiefadjad hijitak. Basik yadj hihapatlad ahakab scealid fcsar slaka paha occhcr spcch, eala scealid fcsar puka fcrat saepck yadj hibasiklad. ^crscdtasc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik paha pcdjaefikad saepck pcrtaea hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka yaitu scfcsar !,"#$, schadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsa tcrfcsarr hihapa hihapatt paha paha occhcr occhcr spcch spcch slaka slaka # yaitu yaitu scfcsa scfcsarr %,$. %,$. ^crscdt ^crscdtasc asc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik paha pcdjaefikad saepck lchua hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka yaitu scfcsar !,!&$, schadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsar hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka # yaitu scfcsar ',$. ',$. La#a Lud3i 7 occhcr spcch pcrscdtasc lcsakabad.
FAF I ^CDHABSKSAD
!"!" Xu?uad
Ecepckaga Ecepckagari ri `ara ecdjlakif ecdjlakifrasi, rasi, ecdjulur ecdjulur had ecdcdtula ecdcdtuladd lcsakaba lcsakabadd pcdjulurad paha paha pcdjulurad pcdjulurad fcrat pahatad yadj yadj fcrfcha gcdis gcdis had uluraddya. uluraddya. !"," !"," Ka#a Ka#a$$ Fc Fcka kala lad: d:
^cdjulurad had fcsarad ecrupalad bak yadj fcrsiat hasar, had pcdjulurad ecrupalad sakab satu syarat yadj tihal fmkcb hitidjjaklad. !lti"itas ecdjulur ecdgahi scsuatu yadj sadjat pcdtidj udtul sckaku hikalulad hakae ecepckagari fcrfajai cdmecda cdmecda yadj schadj schadj hipckagari. Pcfckuedya aha faildya gila lita ecdjidjat hcidisi pcdjulurad atau ecdjulur itu scdhiri. Ecdjulur ahakab lcjiatad ecefadhidjlad suatu fcsarad hcdjad fcsarad kaid yadj tckab hiscpalati. Ecdjulur hapat hilatalad scfajai usaba usaba udtul ecdhcidis ecdhcidisilad ilad laraltcri laraltcristil stil suatu suatu cdmecda cdmecda atau pcreasaka pcreasakabad bad sc`ara luadtitatil. Had gila hilaitlad hcdjad prmscs pcdckitiad atau sclchar pcefultiad suatu bipmtcsis eala pcdjulurad ecdgahi gakad udtul ecd`ari hata# hata yadj ecdhuludj ecdhuludj.. Hcdjad Hcdjad pcdjulurad pcdjulurad idi lceuhiad lceuhiad alad hipcrmkcb hata# hata duecri` yadj ecdudgulad pmka#pmka tcrtcdtu scfajai fcdtul laraltcristil hari pcreasakabad tcrscfut. ^cdtidjdya fcsarad hakae pcdjulurad, eala hikalulad praltilue idi yadj hapat hapat ecefad ecefadtu tu udtul udtul eceaba eceabaei ei eatcri eatcri hasar hasar#ha #hasar sar pcdjul pcdjulura urad. d. Hakae Hakae ecdjaeati suatu jcgaka tihal kcdjlap apafika tihal hikcdjlapi hcdjad hata yadj hihapat hari basi pcdjulurad yadj lceuhiad fcsarad#fcsarad yadj hihapat hari basik pcdjulurad lceuhiad hitctaplad scfajai satuad. Hcdjad sakab satu arjuecdt hi atas, sctckab hapat lita lctabui fctapa pcdtidj had hifutubladdya alti"itas pcdjulurad hakae isila, udtul ecepcrmkcb basik atau hata hari suatu pcdjulurad yadj alurat had hapat hipcr`aya. !" Hasa$ Hasa$ Xcm$i Xcm$i
^cdjulurad ahakab pcd`atatad suatu fcsarad sc`ara pcrimhil atau lmdtidu, eisakdya guekab fabad hakae satuad lj. ^cdjulurad ecrupalad hasar udtul tiap pcdjcdhakiad atau pcdjaturad prmscs#prmscs lieia had isila. Xadpa Xadpa pcdjulurad tihal eudjlid tcr`apai lcsckaeatad, clmdmeisasi atau eutu yadj `ulup fail hi idhustri lieia. ^cdjul ^cd julura uradd fcrat fcrat atau atau eassa eassa hari hari fabad fabad#fa #fabad bad yadj yadj pahat pahat,, `air `air atau atau fcrfcdtul jas hcdjad ecdjjudalad ecdjjudalad tiefadjad $dcra`a% hiscfut pcdiefadjad. pcdiefadjad. &crhasarlad pridsipdya tiefadjad tcrfaji atas ' a. Xiefadj fadjad ad (a (aya $eis $eisak akdy dyaa tie tiefadj fadjaad hcdj hcdjaad lmta lmtall pcd pcdjulu julurr jay jaya% hitcdtulad jaya fcrat $jaya jra"itasi% yaitu jaya taril fuei tcrbahap eassa hari suatu fabad f. Xiefadjad Xiefadjad Eassa $tiefadjad hcdjad adal tiefadjad yadj hapat hijcscr, tiefadjad fcrtuas eiridj had tiefadjad fcrtuas kaiddya% hua jaya fcrat hifadhidjlad paha suatu pcefadhidj, pcefadhidj, larcda fail jaya eaupud eassa ecepudyai pcr`cpatad gatub yadj saea. !"" !""! !
1cdi 1cdis2 s21c 1cdi diss Xie> Xie>ad ad:a :ad d
!kat ulur fcrat yadj hijudalad hakae idhustri hilckmepmllad fcrhasarlad lmdstrulsi had `ara lcrgadya, eckiputi ' a"
Xie>ad:ad Pm$md:
&cfa &cfadd hifa hifadh dhid idjl jlad ad hcdj hcdjad ad adal adal tief tiefad adja jadd yadj adj hapa hapatt hijc hijcsc scr r hiscpadgadj rck $tuas tiefadjad%. !dal tiefadjad ecepudyai fcrat yadj tihal fcrufab. Pcfajiad fcsar sistce tiefadjad idi tihal fcraha hakae tcepat tcrtutup, scbidjja tiefadjad idi sadjat scdsiti tcrbahap adjid, pcdjmtmrad had lmrmsi. ^cdyctckad had lcsctiefadjad paha tiefadjad smrmdj ecefutublad )altu yadj sadjat kaea larcda itu tihal `m`ml udtul pcdiefadjad scri. Hi pafril, tiefadjad idi badya hijudalad udtul faradj#faradj yadj pcrku hitiefadj sclaki#sclaki. ^ridsip lcrga tiefadjad smrmdj ' fcfad hifadhidjlad hcdjad adal tiefadjad yadj hapat hijcscr hiscpadgadj rck $tuas tiefadjad%. !dal tiefadjad ecepudyai fcrat yadj tihal fcrufab.
Jae>a$ !"!" *mdtmb Xiefadjad Pmrmdj
>"
Xie>ad e>ad:a :ad d Fc$ Fc$##uas uas %i$ %i$id id: :
Xiefadjad idi hapat ecdudgullad basik pcdiefadjad hcdjad scdhiridya. Xiefadjad Xiefadjad hiscfut mtmeatis fika pcealaiaddya tihal ececrkulad pckctalad adal tiefadjad atau pcdjjcscrad adal tiefadjad jcscr. Pcpcrti sceua tiefadjad ti efadjad kaid, tiefadjad fcrtuas eiridj guja ecrupalad idstruecd prcsisi. +kcb larcda itu fcfcrapa aturad fcrilut barus hipcrbatilad hipcrbatilad ' Xiefadjad Xiefadjad tihal fmkcb hifcri fcfad sc`ara fcrkcfibad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad barus hikidhudji hari fabad lieia, air, lmtmrad Xief Xiefad adja jadd baru baruss hikid hikidhu hudj djii tcrb tcrbah ahap ap fcdt fcdtur urad ad $fcf $fcfad ad tiha tihall fmkc fmkcbb higatublad lc atas tiefadjad% ti efadjad% Xiefadjad tihal fmkcb hifcfadi tcrkaku kaea $fulad tcepat pcdyiepadad faradj% Xiefadjad Xiefadjad yadj hitadae tihal tih al fmkcb hikidhas Xiefadjad Xiefadjad tihal fmkcb hipcrkalulad sc`ara lasar Xiefadjad Xiefadjad barus hilmdtrmk sc`ara fcrlaka mkcb abki tiefadjad • • •
•
• • •
^ridsip pcdjulurad 7 fcfad hijadtudj paha suatu pcdhukue scbidjja hapat ecdjlmepcdsasi fcdturad hari saepidj. (aya hari fcfad hipcrlc`ik hcdjad sistce pcdjudjlit, fcrat fcfad hifadhidjlad tcrbahap hua adal tiefadjad yadj tihal fcrufab fcratdya. Ealid fcsar fcfad eala lceiridjad lchua tuas ealid fcsar puka. chuhulad hari fajiad slaka hihctclsi mkcb sistce mpti` had basik pcdiefadjad hiprmyclsilad hiprmyclsilad lc`alrae lc`alrae faut.
Jae>a$ !"," *mdtmb Xiefadjad &crtuas Eiridj
3"
Xie> Xie>ad ad:a :ad d Hcd: Hcd:ad ad Lm#a Lm#al l ^cd: ^cd:ul ulu$ u$ Ja-a Ja-a
mtal pcdjulur jaya ecrupalad idstruecd pcdjulur jaya hcdjad `ara bihrmkil, pdcueatil, ckcltril atau eajdctil. Xiefadjad hcdjad lmtal pcdjulur jaya hijudalad udtul ecdcdtulad fcrat fabad pahat atau `air, tcrutaea hakae sikm sikm atau atau juh juhadj adj pcdy pcdyiep iepada adad. d. arcd arcdaa lmtal lmtal pcdjul pcdjulur ur jaya jaya hipas hipasadj adj hikuar hikuar fcgada, tihal tcrgahi lmdtal hcdjad fabad yadj hiulur. ^ceadasad pcrkcdjlapad yadj hapat ecdjjadjju hakae fcgada guja tihal hipcrkulad. &iasadya akat idi tcrtutup rapat scbidjja tihal scdsiti"c tcrbahap pcdjmtmrad had lmrmsi. Xiefadjad hcdjad lmtal pcdjulur jaya ecepudyai hua gcdis yaitu ' a. Xiefad Xiefadjad jad hcdjad hcdjad mtal mtal ^cdjulur ^cdjulur (aya Bihrmkil Bihrmkil ^aha akat idi jaya fcrat hari fcfad yadj hitiefadj ecdclad `airad hakae suatu "mkuec tcrtutup, tcladad yadj tcrgahi hakae `airad prmpmrsimdak hcdjad fcrat fabad. ^ridsip lcrgadya ' fcgada fcrisi fabad hitcepatlad hiatas hua titil pcdyadjja scbidjja hapat fcrjcral ecdclad titil lctija paha lmtal pcdjulur. pcdjulur. &cgada guja fisa hikctallad paha tija titil hiatas pcdjulur jaya. mtal pcdjulur jaya hibufudjlad hcdjad lmtal eadmectcr eckakui pipa lapikcr, lceuhiad hiisi hcdj hcdjad ad `aira `airadd yadj yadj ecei eceidh dhab abla ladd tcla tclada dadd hari hari lmta lmtall pcdj pcdjul ulur ur jaya jaya lc eadmectcr. Plaka hilakifrasi hcdjad fcrat fcrsib atau "mkuec fabad yadj alad hiulur. f. Xiefadjad Xiefadjad hcdjad mtal mtal ^cdjulur (aya (aya -kcltril
^aha akat idi, jaya fcrat hari fabad yadj hitiefadj ecdycfaflad scutas la)at ecrcjadj atau ececdhcl scbidjja tabadad kistrildya fcrufab. ^ridsip lcrgadya ' la)at tabadad yadj fcrlckml#lckml hikclatlad paha lcrtas atau fabad sidtctil.scdsmr rcjadjad hitcepcklad paha fcdha yadj ckastis, larcda ahadya fcfad lchuadya ecdjakaei rcjadjad had pcecdhclad. ^crufabad tabadad kistril yadj tcrgahi hisaepailad lcakat pcdudgul had akat idi tckab hilakifrasi hcdjad udit fcrat atau "mkuec. "mkuec. `. Xiefad efadja jadd mdt mdtid iduu dtu dtull ecdie ecdiefa fadj dj sc`a sc`ara ra lmdt lmdtid iduu faba fabadd paha pahatt yadj yadj hapa hapatt hita hitafu fur r $eisakdya' tcpudj, scrful had figi#figiad% hapat hijudalad tiefadjad saful $ *ckt +mdvcymr %. %. ^aha prmscs#prmscs pcdalarad $eisakdya pcdjceasad% scridj pcrakatad barus hiisi fabad sc`ara lmdtidu, udtul itu hijudalad tiefadj pcdalar $ ikk cijbcr %. %. ^cdjul ^cd julura uradd fcrat fcrat sc`ara sc`ara lmd lmdtid tiduu guja guja hapat hapat hikal hikalula uladd hcdjad hcdjad P`rc) P`rc) *md"cymr, daeud fiasadya basik pcdjuluraddya luradj alurat had tihal `m`ml udtul fabad yadj kcefaf. P`rc) *md"cymr ahakab suatu pakudj yadj tcrtutup atau tcrfula yadj alur. !"", ^cdud?ulad Ba$:a Slu$ Pc3a$a Hi:i#ak
^cdudgulad barja ulur sc`ara hijitak ahakab suatu `ara pcdudgulad yadj hislrit hari barja yadj hiulur, eisakdya pcdudgulad barja hcdjad barja. ^aha pcdudgulad barja ulur sc`ara hijitak, lcsakabad ecefa`a kcfib lc`ik hifadhidjlad hcdjad `ara pcdudgulad adakmj. Pyarat udtul ecepcrmkcb dikai ulur kcfib kadgut, eisakdya paha pcd`ctal had lmeputcr, ahakab fab)a dikai sidyak tcrhapat hakae fcdtul hijitak $arus kistril yadj fcrpuksa atau sidyak pdcueati`%. arc arcda da lcfa lcfady dyal alad ad dika dikaii ulur ulur atau atau sidy sidyak ak tcrha tcrhapa patt haka hakae e fcdt fcdtul ul adak adakmj mj,, hifutublad suatu idstakasi $lmd"crtcr% ecdjufabdya ecdgahi fcdtul hijitak.
Jae>a$ !"" *mdtmb Xiefadjad Hijitak
!"" Lc#cpa#ad 9ad Lcsakabad Lcsakabad
ctcpa ctcpatad tad pcdju pcdjulur lurad ad ahakab ahakab lc`m`m lc`m`mlad lad dikai dikai yadj yadj hitudg hitudgull ullad ad akat akat hcdjad dikai yadj scfcdardya. ^crfchaad lchuadya hiscfut fcsar lcsakabad. Xiap basik pcdjulurad sckaku ecdjadhudj lcsakabad, eisakdya hialifatlad larcda lctihalscepurdaad akat ulur had `ara pcdjulurad, larcda pcdjarub kidjludjad yadj tihal hilcbcdhali, pcdjarub mradj yadj ecdjulur $ecdyiepadj hari `ara pcdjulurad yadj tckab hitcdtulad, luradj `creat paha )altu ecefa`a, luradj a)as eckibat, `ara pcdjulurad yadj hipikib luradj tcpat%. csaka csakaba badd lcsck lcsckuru urubad bad hari hari suatu suatu pcdjul pcdjulura uradd ecrupa ecrupalad lad guekab guekab hari hari easidj#easidj lcsakabad yadj tcrgahi. csakabad akat ulur hapat fcrufab hcdjad )altu, mkcb larcda itu akat ulur tcrtcdtu pcrku scridj hilakifrasi. !""6 !""6 Laki>$asi Laki>$asi
Hakae tcldil pcdjulurad, ecdjlakifrasi fcrarti ecdyctck akat ulur bidjja pcdudguladdya pcdudguladdya ecdyiepadj scschilit eudjlid hari scfcdardya. scfcdardya. dtul ecdjlakifrasi suatu akat hijudalad akat lchua yadj fiasadya kcfib tckiti hari akat yadj hilakifrasi hcdjad lmeputcr. lmeputcr. Pc`ara bulue ecdjlakifrasi fcrarti pcdjugiad rcse rcseii udtu udtull ecdc ecdcdt dtul ulad ad fab) fab)aa akat akat ulur ulur tcrs tcrscf cfut ut ecec ececdu dubi bi syar syarat at yadj yadj hitcdtulad $eisakdya ' fatas lcsakabaddya%. lcsakabaddya%.
FAF II %CXMHMKMJI ^CVMFAAD
,"!" Aka# ^c$3m>aad
a. mki mkih h /i> /i>ui uih h 16tr 16tra` a`tm tmr r
f. Xiefadjad Xiefadjad !dakitil !dakitil `. Xiefa iefadj djad ad Hiji Hijita takk h. (ckas a/ua ,", Fabad
&abad yadj hijudalad hakae pcr`mfaad pcdjulurad fcrat idi ahakab
lapur. ,"," ^$msc9u$ ^c$3m>aad
a. (cka (ckass a/ua a/ua yadj yadj lmsm lmsmdj dj hiti hitief efad adjj tcrk tcrkcf cfib ib habu habuku ku hcdj hcdjad ad tief tiefad adja jadd adakitil had tiefadjad hijitak. f. mkih /i>uih 16tra`tmr hibihuplad hibihuplad had akat mpcrasi hiatur paha lc`cpatad putar tcrtcdtu. `. cchcr pcch hiatur hiatur paha slaka >. h. ^artilck ^artilck yadj yadj turud turud hitaep hitaepudj udj hakae hakae )altu )altu hua hua ecdit. ecdit. c. &crat &crat parti partilc lckk yadj yadj tcrta tcrtaep epud udjj hiti hitief efad adjj ecdj ecdjju juda dala ladd tiefa tiefadj djad ad adakitil had tiefadjad hijitak. . ^cr`mfaa ^cr`mfaadd hikalula hikaluladd scfadya scfadyall hua laki hcdja hcdjadd )ahab )ahab yadj yadj saea. saea. j. Kadjlab Kadjlab hiatas hiatas hiukad hiukadji ji hcdjad hcdjad slaka slaka "arias "ariasii cchcr pcch 1, 6, 0 had 8.
FAF III BAPIK HAD ^C%FABAPAD
"!" ^cd:ulu$ad pa9a ^cd:ae>ikad Paepck ^c$#aea
^aha pcr`m ^aha pcr`mfaa faadd idi cchcr pcch hisct hisct paha slaka yadj fcr"ariasi. Basik pcr`mfaad udtul pcdjulurad paha pcdjaefikad saepck pcrtaea hisagilad paha Xafck 6.>. Xa>ck Xa>ck "!" "!" ^cdjulurad &crat Paepck Hcdjad "ariasi cchcr pcch
cchcr pcch
> 1 6 0 8
&crat )ahab &crat Paepck $tadpa )ahab% Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad !dakitil Hijitak !dakitil Hijitak $jrae% $jrae% $jrae% $jrae% 6,0 6,6? 1 ,0 1,8: 6 6,91 7 ,0 7,77 0,2 0,20 : ,1 :,66 0,? 0,?0 >>,0 >>,7> 0,: 0,?> >0,6 >0,06
3 csakabad 2 ,8 0,9718 >,8:8 >,:0 9,?>
^aha pcdjulurad fcrat saepck yadj pcrtaea idi tcrhapat pcrfchaad dikai adtara adtara pcdjul pcdjulura uradd ecdjj ecdjjuda udala ladd tiefadj tiefadjad ad hijita hijitakk hcdjad hcdjad ecdjj ecdjjuda udalad lad tiefadjad adakitil, hieada dikai yadj hihapat sckaku schilit fcrfcha had tihal pcrdab saea. Xiap basik pcdjulurad sckaku ecdjadhudj lcsakabad, bak idi fisa hiscfaflad larcda lctihalscepurdaad akat ulur had `ara pcdjulurad, larcda pcdjarub kidjludjad yadj tihal hilcbcdhali, ataupud larcda lcsakabad hakae lakifrasi akat scbidjja ecepcdjarubi basik yadj hihapatlad. ^crscdtasc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik tcrlc`ik yadj yadj hihapat hihapat iakab paha pcdiefadjad pcdiefadjad saepck yadj hiaefik hiaefik paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka 8 hieada pcrscdtasc lcsakabad badya 9,?>3. Pchadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsar yaitu 2,83 hihapat lctila pcdiefadjad saepck yadj hiaefik paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka >. Bak idi fisa tcrgahi larcda lctihaltckitiad praltilad hakae pcefa`aad dikai paha tiefadjad adakitil, fcrupa pcdyiepadjad hari `ara pcdjulurad yadj tckab hitcdtulad, luradj `creat paha )altu ecefa`a, luradj a)as eckibat, ataupud `ara pcdjulurad yadj hipikib luradj tcpat.
^cdjarub occhcr spcch tcrbahap fcrat saepck paha pcdjaefikad saepck pcrtaea hisagilad hisagilad paha (aefar 6.>. 6.>. >8 >1 ? Fc$a# saepck (:$
7 Xiefadjad !dakitil
Xiefadjad Hijitak
6 9 9
>
1
6
0
8
Occhcr spcch
Jae>a$ "!" Bufudjad adtara cchcr pcch "s "s &crat
Paepck paha ^cdjaefikad
Paepck ^crtaea &crha &crhasar sarlad lad (aefar (aefar 6.> hapat hapat lita lita kibat kibat fab)a fab)a sceal scealid id fcsar fcsar occhcr spcch eala eala scealid fcsar puka fcrat saepck yadj hihapat. Bak idi hilarcdalad sceali scealidd fcsar fcsar occhcr spcch eala eala pcrput pcrputara aradd s`rc0 akat alad scealid `cpat scbidjja guja alad ecepcr`cpat pcdjckuarad fabad hari akat. !lifatdya, saepck yadj yadj tcrta tcrtaep epud udjj alad alad scea sceali lidd fady fadyal al had had tcdtu tcdtudy dyaa guja guja scea sceali lidd fcra fcrat.t. &crhasarlad (aefar 6.> guja hapat hikibat fab)a pcrfchaad pcdjulurad fcrat mkcb tiefadjad adakitil hcdjad tiefadjad hijitak sadjat lc`ik. !rtidya lchua akat ulur fcrat idi hapat ecdjulur fcrat fabad hcdjad fail.
"," ^cd:ulu$ad pa9a ^cd:ae>ikad Paepck Lc9ua
^aha pcr`m ^aha pcr`mfaa faadd idi cchcr pcch hisct hisct paha slaka yadj fcr"ariasi. Basik pcr`mfaad udtul pcdjulurad paha pcdjaefikad saepck lchua hisagilad paha Xafck 6.1. Xa>ck Xa>ck "," "," ^cdjulurad &crat Paepck Hcdjad "ariasi cchcr pcch
cchcr pcch
> 1 6 0 8
&crat )ahab &crat Paepck $tadpa )ahab% Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Ecdjjudalad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad Xiefadjad !dakitil Hijitak !dakitil Hijitak $jrae% $jrae% $jrae% $jrae% 6,0 6,6? 6 6,92 6 6,91 8 ,: 8,:? 0,2 0,20 ? ,7 ?,20 0,? 0,?0 >6,1 >6,67 0,: 0,?> >8,0 >8,0>
3 csakabad 1,66 >,88 >,07 >,1 9,97
^aha pcdjulurad fcrat saepck yadj lchua idi easib tcrhapat pcrfchaad dikai adtara pcdjulurad ecdjjudalad tiefadjad hijitak hcdjad ecdjjudalad tiefadjad adakitil, hieada dikai yadj hihapat sckaku schilit fcrfcha had tihal pcrdab saea. Xiap basik pcdjulurad sckaku ecdjadhudj lcsakabad, bak idi fisa hiscfaflad larcda lctihalscepurdaad akat ulur had `ara pcdjulurad, larcda pcdjarub kidjludjad yadj tihal hilcbcdhali, ataupud larcda lcsakabad hakae lakifrasi akat scbidjja ecepcdjarubi basik yadj hihapatlad. ^crscdtasc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik tcrlc`ik yadj yadj hihapat hihapat iakab paha pcdiefadjad pcdiefadjad saepck yadj hiaefik hiaefik paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka 8 hieada pcrscdtasc lcsakabad badya 9,973. Pchadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsar yaitu 1,663 hihapat lctila pcdiefadjad saepck yadj hiaefik paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka >. Bak idi fisa tcrgahi larcda lctihaltckitiad praltilad hakae pcefa`aad dikai paha tiefadjad adakitil, fcrupa pcdyiepadjad hari `ara pcdjulurad yadj tckab hitcdtulad, luradj `creat paha )altu ecefa`a, luradj a)as eckibat, ataupud `ara pcdjulurad yadj hipikib luradj tcpat.
paha pcdjaefikad saepck lchua, praltilad kcfib tckiti had `creat hifadhidjlad paha pcdjaefikad pcdjaefikad saepck pcrtaea. pcrtaea. ^cdjarub occhcr spcch tcrbahap fcrat saepck paha pcdjaefikad saepck lchua hisagilad paha (aefar 6.1. >7 >0 >1 >9 : Fc$a# saepck (:$ Xiefadja7d !dakitil 0 1 9 9 >
Xiefadjad Hijitak
1
6
0
8
Occhcr spcch
Jae>a$ "," Bufudjad adtara cchcr pcch "s "s &crat
Paepck paha ^cdjaefikad
Paepck chua &crhasarlad (aefar 6.1 hapat lita kibat fab)a scealid fcsar occhcr spcch eala scealid fcsar puka fcrat saepck yadj hihapat. Bak idi hilarcdalad scealid fcsar occhcr spcch eala pcrputarad s`rc0 akat alad scealid `cpat scbidjja guja alad alad ecep ecepcr cr`c `cpa patt pcdj pcdjck ckua uara radd faba fabadd hari hari akat akat.. !lifa lifatdy tdya, a, saep saepck ck yadj yadj tcrtaepudj alad scealid fadyal had tcdtudya guja scealid fcrat. &crhasarlad (aefar 6.1 guja hapat hikibat fab)a pcrfchaad pcdjulurad pcdjulurad fcrat mkcb tiefadjad adakitil hcdjad tiefadjad hijitak sadjat lc`ik. !rtidya lchua akat ulur fcrat idi hapat ecdjulur fcrat fabad hcdjad fail.
FAF I8 LCPI%^SKAD HAD PAVAD
6"!" Lcsiepukad
>. Pcealid Pcealid fcsar fcsar slaka slaka paha occhcr spcch , eala scealid fcsar puka fcrat saepck yadj hibasiklad. 1. ^crscdtasc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik paha pcdjaefikad saepck pcrtaea hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka 8 yaitu scfcsar 9,?>3, schadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsar hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka > yaitu scfcsar 2,83. 6. ^crscdtasc lcsakabad tcrlc`ik paha pcdjaefikad saepck saepck lchua lchua hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka 8 yaitu scfcsar 9,973, schadjlad pcrscdtasc lcsakabad tcrfcsar hihapat paha occhcr spcch slaka slaka > yaitu scfcsar 1,663. 6"," 6"," Pa$a Pa$ad d
>. 1.
lmdhisi lcridj.
^astilad saepck yadj hijudalad fcraha hakae
^aha saat ecdjulur fcrat saepck barus kcfib `creat ajar tihal tcrgahi lcsakabad atau ecepcrlc`ik pcrscd lcsakabad. lcsakabad. 6. ^cdcdtuad fcrat saepck hcdjad ecdjjudalad akat ulur fcrat barus hikalulad mkcb satu mradj saga ajar tihal tcrgahi pcrfchaad pcefa`aad pcefa`aad slaka. slaka.
HA0XAV ^SPXALA
&crdas`mdi, (, hll. >??8. *ajiad #, chisi >. ;alarta' ^X. ^rahdya ^araeita. Xie Kafmratmriue Hasar ^rmscs had +pcrasi ^afril ^rmjrae Ptuhi H6 Xcldil iei ieiaa 5alu 5aluktktas as Xcldil ldil di" di"cr crsi sita tass 4iau 4iau.. 19>1 19>1.. ^cdudtud ^raltilue 8asar-8asar ^rmscs 33. ^clad ^cladfa faru ru ' Kafmr Kafmratm atmriue riue Hasar Hasar ^rmscs ^rmscs had +pcr +pcras asii ^afr ^afril il ^rmj ^rmjra rae e Ptuh Ptuhii H6 Xcldil ldil iei ieiaa 5alu 5alukta ktass Xcldil ldil di"crsitas 4iau.
KA%^IVAD A ^CVBIXSDJAD
^c$bi#ud:ad ^c$scd Lcsakabad 7
!.> ^cdjulurad paha ^cdjaefikad Paepck ^crtaea # =ahab > 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 6,32 ∖6,8 6,8
AF >993
AF >993
N 2,8 3 # =ahab 1 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil ?,?? ∖?,8 ?,8
AF >993
AF >993
N 0,9718 3 # =ahab 6 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 2,00∖2,6 2,6
AF >993
AF >993
N >,8:8 3 # =ahab 0 3 csakabad N A
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil
AF >993
NA
11,?1 ∖11,8 11,8
AF >993
N >,:0 3
# =ahab 8 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 18,80 ∖18,0 18,0
AF >993
AF >993
N 9,?> 3 !.1 ^cdjulurad paha ^cdjaefikad Paepck chua # =ahab > 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 0,>: ∖ 0 0
AF >993
AF >993
N 1,66 3 # =ahab 1 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 3,29 ∖ 3,2 3,2
AF >993
AF >993
N >,88 3 # =ahab 6 3 csakabad N A
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil
AF >993
NA
9,:8∖ 9,? 9,?
AF >993
N >,07 3 # =ahab 0 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 10,0? ∖10,6 10,6
AF >993
AF >993
N >,1 3 # =ahab 8 3 csakabad N A NA
Basik Hijitak ∖ Basik Adakitil Basik Adakitil 13,81 ∖13,8
N 9,97 3
13,8
AF >993
AF >993
KA%^IVAD F KA^MVAD PC%CDXAVA
;uhuk ^raltilue Bari Bari@X @Xaadjja jjak ^ra ^ralltil tilue ^cefiefidj !sistcd Kafmratmriue
Basik ^cr`mfaad
' ^cdjulurad &crat ' 4a 4afu@> fu@>:: Pc Pcptc ptcefcr efcr 19>6 9>6 ' Hrs. Pyaesu Bcread, EX ' Hcskia ^riea P ' 4ita ^uriadi Ecdhrm"a $>>9296879?% $>>9296879?% 4yad Xitm $>>9291>>:7% aluf aluf ;ccry Pikacd $>>9296770:% '
Xa>ck F"! Hata basik pcdjulurad fcrat saepck
cchcr pcch
> 1 6 0 8
&crat )ahab $jrae% Xiefadjad Xiefadjad adakitil hijitak 6,0 6,6? 6 6,91 0,2 0,20 0,? 0,?0 0,: 0,?>
&crat saepck tadpa )ahab $jrae% Xiefadjad Xiefadjad adakitil hijitak > 1 > 1 1,0 6 1,8: 6,92 7,0 8,: 7,77 8,:? :,1 ?,7 :,66 ?,20 >>,0 >6,1 >>,7> >6,67 >0,6 >8,0 >0,06 >8,0> ^cladfaru, >: Pcptcefcr 19>6 !sistcd Kafmratmriue,
Hcskia ^riea P
